MONOLITHIC WAEGEZELLE

Description

[0001] The invention relates to an at least partially monolithically constructed force transmission device with a parallel guide and a method for producing an at least partially monolithically constructed force transmission device with a parallel guide for a force measuring device, for example a scale.

[0002] Known devices, for example from EP 0 518 202 A1, of the type mentioned above, which are designed as a single piece with a parallel guide for a force introduction part serving to introduce the force to be measured into the coupling of the force transmission lever, are advantageously described in this document primarily because the single-piece design eliminates all assembly processes for connecting the individual parts to one another by means of separately formed bending points. Likewise, this eliminates prestress aging of the screw connections and the associated problems. Furthermore, this document describes that, due to the single-piece design, the material properties are identical at all points on the device, thus eliminating errors caused by different material properties.

[0003] The material of the monolithic force transmission device determines the behavior of the thin-section flexure bearings—also called flexure bearings or bearing points—of the parallel guide, the coupling, and the force transmission lever with properties such as spring stiffness, tensile and compressive strength, elastic modulus, temperature coefficient of elastic modulus, anelasticity (also known as creep), and linearity. The design of the bearing points in terms of thickness and shape (cross-section), as well as width (perpendicular to the cross-section), also depends on the material used in the force transmission device. Accordingly, the bearing points significantly determine the performance characteristics of an analytical balance.

[0004] High-resolution, low-load analytical and microbalances require thin-section flexure bearings with the lowest possible spring stiffness, as the transmission ratio is small, meaning the restoring forces of the thin-section flexure bearings have a greater influence on the force measurement. In other words, a lower spring stiffness of the thin-section flexure bearings leads to better cell resolution. The spring stiffness of a thin-section flexure bearing is determined by the cross-section and the elastic modulus of the material. The limits of process-reliable series production of today's thin-section flexure bearings using a special aluminum alloy are approximately 0.07 mm. This disadvantage requires protection against damage during handling during manufacturing and assembly. The force transmission device must also be protected during transport of the finished balance to the customer by means of extensive packaging and transport security.

[0005] Unlike multi-piece power transmission devices, the material cannot be optimally adapted to the functional requirements of a specific area of ​​the power transmission device. A compromise must therefore always be found between the optimal material for the actual block, which forms the rigid parts, and the thin sections that movably connect the respective parts. The ideal material for the block is considered to be a cost-effective material that is easy to machine and thus shortens and simplifies production, and that has minimal corrosion resistance, i.e., is not a high-quality tempered material. Thin sections, in turn, require other properties that an ideal material must combine. Firstly, a low modulus of elasticity should ensure that the cross-section of a thin-section bending bearing can be kept as small as possible (high tensile strength) for the same upper stress limit.Equally important is that the temperature coefficient of the elastic modulus is zero or nearly zero, which means that the elastic modulus is temperature-independent. Common materials for the bearings in multi-piece power transmission devices are copper-beryllium alloys or the material known under the trade name Thermelast 4002 from Vacuumschmelze GmbH & Co. KG.

[0006] An interesting material for thin-section flexure bearings is bulk metallic glasses (BMGs for short), also known as amorphous metals. A class of metal alloys whose microstructure is amorphous rather than crystalline. Rapid cooling of the alloy melts inhibits crystalline nucleation and growth, thus essentially freezing the amorphous microstructure in the solid state. BMGs typically exhibit greater hardness, strength, and corrosion resistance than conventional metals, while also having a relatively low modulus of elasticity.

[0007] The pioneer in the commercial use of amorphous metals is Liquidmetal Technologies, which primarily offers zirconium-based glasses. Other commercial suppliers include YKK and Advanced Metal Technology. Currently, amorphous metals are used only in a few niche applications where high (wear) resistance and good corrosion properties are required. Examples of current applications include: mobile phone casings, scalpels, sports equipment such as golf clubs and tennis rackets, jewelry, and watch cases.

[0008] Recent developments in the field of processing technologies for amorphous metals, particularly in processes for the thermoplastic forming of amorphous metals, make it seem realistic that these materials could be advantageously used as elastic bearings for multi-part load cells in analytical and microbalances. The use of these materials in load cells is expected to result in improved impact and overload resistance, as well as improved linearity and reduced load drift behavior. These bearings can replace the previously used flexure bearing elements in multi-part power transmission devices, such as those shown in DE 198 45 023 A1. A multi-part load cell with elastic bearings made of amorphous metal has not yet been brought to market.

[0009] One goal of this invention is to utilize the material properties of amorphous metals for monolithic power transmission devices. In general, the goal of this invention is to specifically adapt the material at the bearing points and the "block" independently of each other while maintaining the monolithic design, either by designing the entire power transmission device or at least functional areas of the power transmission device as a monolithic structure.

[0010] The problem is solved by means of a force transmission device with a parallel guide comprising a movable parallel leg, a fixed parallel leg, a first parallel link and a second parallel link, wherein the parallel legs and the parallel links are connected to one another by thin-section flexure bearings, wherein the movable parallel leg is guided by the parallel links on the fixed parallel leg, further comprising a force transmission lever arranged on the fixed parallel leg comprising a lever bearing, and a first lever arm, wherein the force transmission lever is pivotally mounted on the lever bearing and whose first lever arm is connected to the movable parallel leg in a force-transmitting manner, wherein the force-transmitting connection is made by means of a coupling element with further thin-section flexure bearings,The force transmission device or at least one functional area of ​​the force transmission device is monolithic, and a functional area of ​​the force transmission device consists of the first parallel link, the second parallel link, the force transmission lever, and the coupling element, and the adjacent bearing points. EP 0 945 717 A1 discloses a specific metal alloy whose crystal structure is suitable for use in elastically deformable components due to a combination of cold hardening and precipitation hardening.

[0011] The invention provides a power transmission device having the features of claim 1.

[0012] As described above, a functional area consists of a functional element of the power transmission device that has a specific function, such as the upper parallel link, which movably guides the movable parallel leg at a specific distance from the fixed parallel leg. Together with the lower parallel link, these four elements form the parallelogram of the power transmission device. Each functional area also consists of the bearing points adjacent to the functional element, which establish the connection to the next functional element.

[0013] Bearing points are the various, more aptly named pivot points that are present on a power transmission device. The pivot points that define the parallelogram are often referred to as thin-point flexure bearings, and the pivot point at which the power transmission lever determines the transmission ratio is referred to as a lever bearing. Other flexure bearings are those thin points in the power transmission between the movable parallel leg and the first lever arm of the power transmission lever. In one variant, the intermediate element - also called a coupler - is connected via two of these flexure bearings to the movable parallel leg on the one hand and the first lever arm of the power transmission lever on the other. In another variant, the movable parallel leg is connected directly to the first lever arm of the power transmission lever via such a flexure bearing.

[0014] The power transmission device is designed entirely monolithic by incorporating the second material

[0015] The invention offers several advantages. First, to meet the same requirements, the cross-section of the bearing point can be adjusted or reduced, resulting in a reduction in spring stiffness. Lower spring stiffness of the bearings leads to better cell resolution.

[0016] Conversely, a consistent cross-section would increase robustness. Improved robustness or impact sensitivity of the cell through more stable joints, while maintaining the same cross-section, offers greater safety during transport and reduces the necessary packaging. Simply put, the design spectrum for the development of new load cell types is broadened.

[0017] In a further development of the invention, the second material is at least partially embedded in the force transmission device or functional area formed from the first material. In this sense, "partially embedded" should be understood as meaning that the second material is partially enclosed in the first material in a protective or fitting manner, i.e., the second material is incorporated or integrated into a larger whole.

[0018] In a further development, at least one additional bearing point is made of a different material. As mentioned above, the aim of the invention is to specifically adapt the materials at the bearing points and the majority of the power transmission device to the requirements. Thus, the most suitable material can be used at each bearing point.

[0019] One embodiment is characterized in that the first parallel link and / or the second parallel link consist of the first material, and that the thin-spot flexure bearings consist of the second or the further material.

[0020] A further embodiment is characterized in that the force transmission lever and / or the coupling element consist of the first material, and that the lever bearing and / or the further thin-point bending bearings of the coupling element consist of the second or the further material.

[0021] In a further development, the second material and / or the additional material is an amorphous metal. Advantageously, the amorphous metal is a zirconium-titanium-based compound. A zirconium-titanium-based compound is, for example, Zr-Ti-Cu-Ni-Be, Zr-Ti-Cu-Ni-Al, or Zr-Cu-Ni-Al-Nb. There are also amorphous metals based on manganese, copper (Cu-Ni-Co), iron (Fe-Co-Zr-Nb-B) or precious metals such as platinum (Pt-Cu-Ni-P). There are also suitable compounds of titanium and sulfur (Ti-S) and thus of elements that are very common on earth and can be used industrially, since the very light alloys of titanium and sulfur are almost twice as strong as common titanium-based metals. Unlike amorphous metals based on zirconium, palladium or platinum, titanium is relatively inexpensive, as is sulfur, which also does not have a highly toxic effect like the elements beryllium or phosphorus that have previously been frequently used in such alloys.There are therefore many specialized alloys, each with different properties. It can also be assumed that, over time, further alloys will be developed whose properties would make them suitable as a second or additional material. In general, amorphous metals are particularly suitable due to their wide linearity range, high anelasticity, and low hysteresis.

[0022] In an exemplary further development, a recess could be provided in the first material, and in particular, the contour of the recess could be designed such that the bearing point made of the second or further material is secured by a positive fit in the first material surrounding the second or further material. Such a positive fit can be achieved by the design of the recess, for example, by specially formed pockets being formed in the first material, be it by milling, casting, or die-sinking.

[0023] In a further development, the shape of at least one recess corresponds to at least three parallel, overlapping holes.

[0024] In a further advantageous development, the alignment of the holes runs parallel or perpendicular to the corresponding thin-section flexural bearing of the parallel guide; the lever bearing of the power transmission lever; and / or the coupling element; and / or the thin-section flexural bearing of the coupling element. Furthermore, holes are also possible whose alignment runs at an angle deviating from the alignment or perpendicular to the alignment of the thin-section flexural bearing to be formed, i.e., at an angle.

[0025] The power transmission device could be manufactured by means of a method for producing a monolithically formed power transmission device or at least a monolithically formed functional area of ​​a power transmission device, wherein the power transmission device has a parallel guide with a movable parallel leg, a fixed parallel leg, a first parallel link and a second parallel link, wherein the parallel legs and the parallel links are connected to one another by thin-section bending bearings, wherein the movable parallel leg is guided by the parallel links on the fixed parallel leg, further comprising a power transmission lever arranged on the fixed parallel leg with a lever bearing, and a first lever arm,wherein the force transmission lever is pivotally mounted on the lever bearing and its first lever arm is connected to the movable parallel leg in a force-transmitting manner, wherein the force-transmitting connection is made by means of a coupling element with at least one further thin-section bending bearing, and wherein a functional area of ​​the force transmission device consists of the first parallel link, or the second parallel link, or the force transmission lever and / or the coupling element, and in each case of the adjacent bearing points,comprising the following steps: A) Providing a blank made of a first material; B) Creating recesses on the provided blank at least at the locations where a bearing point is to be located; C) Filling the created recesses from step B with a second material; D) Post-processing the blank from step C provided with filled recesses by machining the first and / or second material; and E) Exposing the at least one bearing point at the locations of the filled recesses such that the force transmission device or at least the at least one functional area is formed from the first material and such that the at least one bearing point of the force transmission device or the at least one functional area is formed from the second material.

[0026] Such a process benefits the production process for a force measuring device in that the ideal material for the "block" allows for faster processing. Likewise, thanks to the more robust bearings, fewer parts are prone to breakage during assembly, reducing the amount of rejects.

[0027] The blank can also be prepared by casting or extrusion. Steps A and B and / or C can also be combined, for example, by creating the recesses during casting or by simultaneously inserting the second material during extrusion (two-component extrusion).

[0028] For example, it could be further provided that between steps B and C, an additional surface treatment is performed in the area of ​​the recesses. This could include, for example, post-processing of the casting blank, and / or etching, coating, or surface treatment, and / or applying a microstructure. Generally, this improves the mechanical bond between the first material and the second and / or additional materials.

[0029] For example, it could further be provided that in step C the recesses on the provided blank are filled with a prefabricated component, wherein the filling component is manufactured additively, in particular by means of laser beam melting in the powder bed process

[0030] For example, it could further be provided that between steps C and D, additional post-treatment of the transition zone between two of the at least two materials takes place. This can be achieved, for example, by local heat input (e.g. using a laser), which ensures that a material bond is established in the transition zone, or by using a low-viscosity adhesive (e.g. cyanide-based, or UV-curing), which creeps into any gaps between the first material and the second or further material. The advantages arise from a stable bond while simultaneously retaining the specific properties of the materials outside the transition zone, i.e. the glass transition temperature of the BMG is not exceeded in the material and properties are retained.

[0031] For example, it could further be provided that the filling of the recesses (210, 310, 410) takes place by casting, forming, or kneading.

[0032] An exemplary power transmission device is described in more detail with reference to the following figures, in which like elements are provided with the same reference numerals. They show: Fig. 1a a monolithic power transmission device in side view; Fig. 1b a monolithic parallel link in a spatial representation; Fig. 1c a monolithic parallelogram in plan view; Figs. 2a - 2c sections in the area of ​​a parallelogram thin-section bending bearing of the power transmission device from Fig.1 , with the bores aligned parallel to the thin-section flexure bearing; Fig. 2d - 2fSections in the area of ​​a parallelogram thin-section flexure bearing of the power transmission device from Fig.1, with the holes aligned perpendicular to the thin-section flexure bearing; Fig. 2g the monolithic parallel link on Fig. 1b , with material replaced at the bearing points; Fig. 3a - 3f Cutouts in the area of ​​the coupling element of the power transmission device from Fig.1 ; Fig. 4a - 4i Cutouts in the area of ​​the lever bearing of the power transmission device from Fig.1 ; Fig. 5a - 5bSections in the area of ​​lever bearing / coupling element / thin-section bending bearing of the power transmission device from Fig.1 ; Fig. 6a - 6b shows an injection device for filling recesses; Fig. 7a - 7b shows a cross-section through a filled recess.

[0033] Figure 1ashows a known power transmission device 100 with a movable parallel leg 101 and a fixed parallel leg 102. The two parallel legs 101, 102 are connected to each other by a first parallel link 103 and a second parallel link 104 and are movably guided by thin-section flexure bearings 200. The thus formed parallel guide 105 (also called a parallelogram) of the power transmission device 100, made from a single piece of the same material, is also known as a monolithic design.

[0034] Further elements of the force transmission device 100 are also formed monolithically in the same material block, such as the coupling element 301 and its thin-point bending bearing 300 as well as the lever bearing 400 and the force transmission lever 401. All these elements are shown here in the Figure 1aformed by a wire EDM process by selecting the wire guide accordingly. These elements can also be formed by milling or die-sinking EDM. Additional shapes 106, as here in the area of ​​the coupling element 300, result in a narrowing of the width of the force transmission device 100. Such shapes are also known in the area of ​​the lever bearing 400 and the thin-section bending bearing 200 of the parallel guide 105 in order to achieve certain mechanical advantages, which depend solely on the dimensioning of the shape itself, given the given masses.

[0035] In order to achieve mechanical advantages also with regard to the material, it is proposed that the material at these points consists of a second material which is different from the first material of the force transmission device 100.

[0036] As described in the introduction, amorphous metals are very well suited for this purpose due to their material properties. In multi-piece power transmission devices, it is relatively easy to replace the previously used material of the thin-section flexure bearings with an amorphous metal, since it is a separate component. The one-piece design—or monolithic design—is orders of magnitude more complex in this respect, making the realization of an inventive power transmission device 100 made of at least two different materials all the more complex to manufacture.

[0037] Figure 1bshows a parallel link 103 (could also be parallel link 104) as a monolithically designed functional area. A thin-section flexural bearing 200 is arranged at the upper and lower ends of the parallel link 103. The functional area is connected on one side to the movable parallel leg 101 and the fixed parallel leg 102 by means of the mounting holes 107 (outlines shown in dashed lines).

[0038] In Figure 1c a monolithically designed parallel guide 105 is shown as a functional area, formed by the parallel legs 101 and 102, the parallel links 103 and 104, and by the thin-section bending bearings 200.

[0039] A method for producing a monolithic power transmission device 100 is to be described on the basis of Figures 2a to 2cA blank, from which the finished power transmission device 100 will ultimately emerge, is prepared, i.e., cut, milled, or cast to its external dimensions with any necessary allowance. The above-mentioned shapes 106 can also be created in this step, either finished or with allowance, as, for example, in the case of a blank produced by a die-casting process.

[0040] As in Figure 2a shown, a recess 210 is first created, namely here at least at the points where a thin-section bending bearing 200 of the parallel guide 105 is located. In Figure 2a This recess 210 is formed by three holes 211, 212, 213 which are in the same alignment and overlap.

[0041] The previously created recess 210 is then filled with the second material. A possible method for filling the recess 210 is described below in the Figures 6a and 6b The finished second material in the recess 210 is in Figure 2b highlighted by hatching.

[0042] The connecting points, or material bridges, characteristic of the one-piece design – here in the area of ​​the thin-section flexure bearing 200 of the parallel guide 105 – are machined after filling. The formation of the joint of the thin-section flexure bearing 200, or also called exposure, can be done by wire EDM, die-sinking ECM (Electro Chemical Machining), milling, or high-speed milling. Figure 2c The thin-section bending bearing 200 was formed by wire erosion, recognizable by the separating cuts 221, 222. In the Figures 2a and 2bThese cuts are shown as dashed lines. The material required to create a recess 210 around the recess 210 itself can also be removed.

[0043] The recess 210 can be formed in different shapes, as long as it is suitable to withstand the effects occurring during use of the power transmission device, i.e. that the second material is held in place with sufficient strength.

[0044] Another possibility or positioning of a recess for the thin-section bending bearing 200 is shown in the Figures 2d to 2f While in the Figures 2a to 2c the three holes 211, 212, 213 run parallel to the cuts 221 and 222, the holes 211', 212', 213' run in the Figures 2c to 2f perpendicular to the separating cuts 221, 222. Each of the three Figures 2d to 2fconsists of two partial figures – a top view and a side view. This option clearly shows that the location of the thin-section flexure bearing 200 requires an allowance 230 so that the recess 210' is completely surrounded by the first material of the force transmission device 100. After filling, this allowance 230 is removed during exposure, and the thin-section flexure bearing 200 receives its final shape.

[0045] When materials are paired together, there is a risk that no fusion, mixing, or bonding, i.e., no material bond (material bond), occurs at the material boundaries, resulting in the rapid detachment of one of the filling materials. In this case, the shape of the recess 210, 210' is crucial to ensure a positive connection. The orientation of the recess is crucial depending on the direction of the forces acting in the area replaced by the second or additional material. Not only does the direction of the holes 211, 212, 213, 211', 212', 213' influence suitability, but other designs with threaded holes are also sometimes advantageous, as these create an enlarged contact area. It should also be noted here that microstructures on the surface itself are also suitable for enlarging the contact area.

[0046] In the Figure 2gThe monolithic parallel link 103 is made of Fig. 1b , with material replaced at the bearing points 200 (hatched). A special contour at the material boundaries between the first material of the parallel link 103 and the second or further material of the bearing points 200 creates a positive fit. This functional area can be produced, for example, by first providing a plate corresponding to the thickness of the parallel link 103 as a blank. Next, recesses are created in the plate, which, after any pretreatment, are filled with the second or further material. Finally, the final shape of the parallel link 103 can then be cut out, punched, or milled.

[0047] In the Figures 3a to 3c and 3d to 3fThe above-described steps for producing a monolithic force transmission device 100 at the location of the coupling element 301 and the further thin-section bending bearings 300 of the coupling element 301 are shown. Again, the positioning of a recess 310 is shown in two ways: once by aligning the bores 311, 312, 313 perpendicular to the separating cuts 321 and 322 in the Figures 3a to 3c and once by aligning the holes 311, 312, 313 parallel to the cuts 321, 322 in the Figures 3d to 3f runs.

[0048] In the Figures 4a to 4c, 4d to 4f and 4g to 4i The steps described above for producing a monolithic force transmission device 100 are shown at the location of the lever bearing 400. A representation of further positioning relative to the separating cuts 421, 422 is omitted here and the preceding description of the Figures 2a to 2f and 3a to f, since this can also be applied to the location of the lever bearing 400. In addition, the example of the lever bearing 400 shows a design of the recess 410 with four bores 411, 412, 413, 414. The position of the bores is selected to ensure the best possible form fit.

[0049] It is obvious not to replace the first material only at one location, but to combine several bearing positions 200, 300, 400, thus resulting in a multitude of possible combinations. Depending on the requirements profile of the monolithic force transmission device 100, for example, only the first material for the thin-section flexural bearing 200 of the parallel guide 105 is replaced, or only the first material of the lever bearing 400 of the force transmission lever 401, etc., or the first material of all bearing positions 200, 300, 400 is replaced.

[0050] In the Figures 5a and 5bEach recess 510 is shown, connecting several locations for replacing the first material in a single recess. In the area of ​​the lever bearing 400, the bending points 300 of the coupling element 301, and the bending point bearing 200 of the upper parallel link 103, the distances between them are relatively short, and a single recess 510 for the bearing points 200, 300, and 400 requires the least amount of second material to fill. An outline-optimized shape or contour of the recess 510 provides improved anchoring, i.e., a better form fit.

[0051] For larger reductions of the weight force to be measured, the lever bearing 400 and the thin-point bending bearing 300 of the coupling element 301 are closer together or a multi-lever system is used, ie on the second lever arm 403 (in Figure 1a(shown) another force transmission lever is attached. It is therefore advisable to replace the first material in these places as well, and possibly combine it with other places.

[0052] The Figures 6a and 6b show a possible method for filling the recesses 210, 310, 410, 510 using an induction syringe 601. After a recess 610 has been created, here as a bore 611, the cannula 602 of the induction syringe 601 is inserted into the recess 610. The filling material 604 is kept at induction temperature by an induction coil 603. As in Figure 6bAs shown, filling is then carried out by injecting the second material while simultaneously retracting the cannula 602. To prevent a reaction of the filling material 604 with the environment, a protective gas can additionally be blown in, for example, through a ring opening 605. Under certain circumstances, it may be advisable to carry out the entire process under a protective gas atmosphere or in a partial or full vacuum.

[0053] The other Figures 7a and 7billustrate that the strong bond between the first material and the second or further material can be improved through targeted measures. Firstly, it is possible to treat the contact surface between the two materials beforehand to fill it, for example, by etching or by applying a coating or microstructure. The result is a transition zone 606 between the two materials. Secondly, the contact surface can also be increased through targeted shaping, for example, by threads 607 in the bore 611.

[0054] Another possible method for filling the recesses 210 as shown for example in Fig. 2gshown involves forming the second or further material by kneading. In this process, a blank is first heated to a temperature such that the special material properties are not destroyed, but deformation is possible through the introduction of force. The heated blank is placed on a cavity, for example a recess in the blank made of the first material, and pressed into it by means of a punch which performs tumbling movements and moves towards the cavity. A wobble press is usually used for this purpose. Such forming processes can be advantageous in certain circumstances because the material can be easily provided as a blank, it is possible to work with amorphous metals below the glass transition temperature and high process forces ensure a good form-fitting connection between two materials.

[0055] Another possible method for filling the recesses 210, 310, 410, 510, 610, as shown for example in Fig. 2a , 2d , 3a, 3d , 4a, 4d , 4g , 5a , 5b and 6a shown involves the use of a prefabricated component, whereby the filling component is manufactured additively, for example by means of laser beam melting in the powder bed process.

[0056] Additive or generative manufacturing processes are those that create components from metals, polymers, or special materials by building them up layer by layer. In the case of so-called powder-bed processes, layers of powder with typical particle sizes of 10–100 µm are applied to a build platform, and the cross-section of the component to be produced is melted by laser (selective laser melting) or electron beam (selective electron beam melting) and welded to the underlying component layers. In this way, the most complex structures can be produced layer by layer from a wide variety of materials. Limitations of production-oriented design for traditional manufacturing processes no longer apply here, as overhangs, undercuts, or cavities can also be created without tools.

[0057] Melting only thin powder layers inevitably results in very high cooling rates, which ensure the cooling rates necessary for producing metallic glasses. Achievable cooling rates of 4 × 10 4 < K / s to 5 × 10 6 < K / s are reported in the literature. Modern, specially developed, glass-forming alloy systems solidify amorphously even at cooling rates of <10 2 < K / s. The high power density of modern laser systems combined with small focus diameters also allows for the rapid and precise melting of powder layers or component surfaces. This enables the production of complex, thin-walled components that are not feasible by casting.

[0058] The generative buildup of individual layers allows the creation of not only thin components, just a few millimeters in size, but also macroscopically larger components, whose dimensions even exceed those achievable using casting processes. Aside from the advantages mentioned above compared to more conventional manufacturing processes for metallic glasses, certain process-related challenges must also be overcome with 3D printing. One example is the heat input into the material. To ensure an amorphous structural state, the heat introduced by the laser / electron beam must be effectively dissipated. Due to the layer-by-layer buildup, this occurs primarily through the component itself, i.e., along the previously created, underlying layers.During the manufacturing of components, the individual layers experience an accumulated heat input, which in turn can lead to crystallization and thus to a loss of the properties characteristic of the amorphous state.

[0059] The production of amorphous components therefore requires knowledge of the thermophysical properties of the alloys and requires the process to be adapted to the thermal stability of the material. Furthermore, high demands are placed on the powder properties. The creation of smooth and dense powder layers requires a certain degree of flowability of the powder, which, in addition to influences such as moisture, is largely determined by the shape and size distribution of the particles. The quality of the powder bed is crucial for the resulting material properties (e.g., porosity) and thus, in turn, influences the mechanical properties of the components.

[0060] Although the figures presented here in connection with the invention predominantly depict MFR force transmission devices, the invention is naturally also applicable to force transmission devices that utilize strain gauge technology. Likewise, the invention is not limited to force transmission devices with only one force transmission lever; devices with two or more force transmission levers for further reducing the weight force to be weighed are also embodiments of this invention. List of reference symbols

[0061] 100 Force transmission device 101 Movable parallel leg 102 Fixed parallel leg 104 Second parallel link 105 Parallel guide 106 Additional shaping 107 Fastening holes 200, 300, 400 Bearing points 200 Thin-section flexure bearing 210, 310, 410, 510, 610 Recess 211, 212, 213, 311, 312, 313, 411, 412, 413, 414, 611 Bore 221, 222, 321, 322, 421, 422 Separating cut 230 Allowance 300 Thin-section flexure bearing of the coupling element 301 Coupling element 400 Lever bearing 401 Force transmission lever 402 First lever arm 403 second lever arm 601 induction syringe 602 cannula 603 induction coil 604 filling material 605 ring opening 606 transition zone 607 threads

Claims

1. A force transmission device (100) with a parallel guide (105), having - a movable parallel leg (101), - a fixed parallel leg (102), - a first parallel link (103), and - a second parallel link (104), wherein the parallel legs (101, 102) and the parallel links (103, 104) are connected to each other by thin point flexure bearings (200), wherein the movable parallel leg (101) is guided by the parallel links (103, 104) on the fixed parallel leg (102), further comprising a force transmission lever (401) arranged on the fixed parallel leg (102), having - a lever bearing (400), and - a first lever arm (402), wherein the force transmission lever (401) is pivotably supported on the lever bearing (400) and its first lever arm (402) is connected to the movable parallel leg (101) in a force-transmitting manner, wherein the force-transmitting connection is made by means of a coupling element (301) with at least one further thin point flexure bearing (300), and wherein each functional area of the force transmission device (100) consists of the first parallel link (103), and / or the second parallel link (104), and / or the force transmission lever (401) and / or the coupling element (301), and the respectively adjoining bearing points (200, 300, 400), characterized in that at least one of the bearing points (200, 300, 400) of the power transmission device (100) consists of a second material partially enclosed by a first material, wherein the power transmission device (100) consists at least of the first material and wherein the power transmission device (100) is formed in a monolithic design incorporating the second material.

2. The force transmission device according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one further bearing point (200, 300, 400) consists of a further material.

3. The force transmission device according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that the first parallel link (103) and / or the second parallel link (104) consist of the first material, and in that the thin point flexure bearings (200) consist of the second or the further material.

4. The force transmission device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the force transmission lever (401) and / or the coupling element (301) consist of the first material, and in that the lever bearing (400) and / or the further thin point flexure bearings of the coupling element (301) consist of the second or the further material.

5. The force transmission device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second material and / or the further material are an amorphous metal, advantageously an amorphous metal of a compound on the basis of zirconium-titanium.

6. The force transmission device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a recess (210, 310, 410) is provided in the first material and its contour is designed so that the bearing point (200, 300, 400) made of the second or the further material is arranged to be fixed in the first material in a form-fitting manner.

7. The force transmission device according to claim 6, characterized in that the shape of at least one recess (210, 310, 410) corresponds to at least three parallel, intersecting bores (211, 212, 213, 311, 312, 313, 411, 412, 413, 414).

8. The force transmission device according to claim 7, characterized in that the alignment of the bores (211, 212, 213, 311, 312, 313, 411, 412, 413, 414) is parallel or perpendicular to the thin point flexure bearing (200) of the parallel guide (105) to be formed accordingly; to the lever bearing (400) of the force transmission lever (401); and / or to the coupling element (300); and / or to the thin point flexure bearing (301) of the coupling element (300).