TWO-STAGE PICKING USING A SORTER WITH HIGHLY DYNAMIC SORTER TRAYS

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a storage and picking system configured for batch picking and featuring a highly dynamic sorter. The invention is used in particular for handling order picking in the field of e-commerce.

[0002] E-commerce is making picking (removing an item from a storage container and delivering the retrieved item to a target container according to a picking order) increasingly difficult because the product ranges (number of different item types that are stocked) are becoming ever larger, while the delivery times accepted by customers (< 24 hours) are becoming ever shorter.

[0003] Product ranges typical in e-commerce can easily encompass several hundred thousand different item types. Product ranges with three hundred thousand to one million different item types are certainly possible in e-commerce.

[0004] Customers expect their orders to be delivered within 24 hours. This means that a large number of different item types must be kept in stock within the picking and distribution centers, which in turn increases storage space and transport routes. The items must be picked very quickly. Because the storage areas are correspondingly huge, the transport routes until the items arrive from the warehouse at a picking station can be very long, especially when picking is done in a single step (see Fig. 12 ).

[0005] E-commerce has changed the general order structure (see Fig. 13While intralogistics systems were previously used primarily for supplying stores (B2B), where, for example, an entire truck would be loaded with one order, today's systems must be equipped for online B2C business (within 24 hours). The average number of order lines per order is increasingly approaching a factor of 1. Even today, the scale in e-commerce is less than two order lines per order.

[0006] In order to avoid having to remove each storage container from the warehouse individually for each order (and then put it back in later), batches are now created or picked in two stages.

[0007] Generally, two-step picking involves collecting and consolidating multiple customer orders (in advance) for simultaneous processing, also known as parallel picking. In two-step picking, the processes of item supply and item removal (first step) and the order-specific assembly of the removed items (second step) are performed in two separate steps. This measure allows all identical items (types) that appear in a large number of (different) orders to be removed from stock in a first step.

[0008] The corresponding storage container only needs to be removed once, but can then be moved to several retrieval locations, thus significantly reducing travel times.

[0009] In traditional two-stage picking, all items are picked at the same location in the first stage. In the second stage, the picked items are distributed (by transport) to the customer orders. Various conveyor systems, known as sorting and distribution systems or sorters, are available to carry out this second stage.

[0010] Batch picking requires a relatively high system effort for order preparation, transport of storage containers and distribution of the picked items to the customer orders.

[0011] Sorters, and in particular high-performance sorters, are generally self-contained, high-speed conveyor lines that are coupled to one or more feed stations to feed the items onto the sorter, and that are coupled to one or more delivery stations or destinations to which the items are delivered by the sorter in an order-oriented manner.

[0012] Widely used are circulating tilt-tray sorters, circulating cross-belt sorters, and linear sorters such as shoe sorters or linear cross-belt sorters. These sorters can sort or distribute items to their destinations per hour.

[0013] Sorting performance depends on the circulation speed and the tray pitch. For example, at a speed of 2 meters per second, twelve thousand sorting operations per hour can be achieved. However, the (loading) capacity of existing sorters is limited. Only as many items can be placed on the sorter as there are "places" (e.g., sorting trays) available. Of course, it is possible to increase the number of places by increasing the total length of the circulation. However, this increases the space required by the sorter within the overall logistics solution. Typically, large areas are not available, or the investment costs increase.

[0014] However, the higher the circulation speed, the more difficult it is to feed and discharge the items. At high speeds, the items can become separated from the trays (e.g., fall off). The high circulation speed has a particularly negative effect on the discharge process, because the geometric size of the target locations must become increasingly larger with increasing circulation speed in order to reliably hit the target location during discharge. However, an increase in the number of target locations results in a reduction in the number of target locations that can be arranged along the sorter. A reduction in the number of possible target locations, in turn, has a negative impact on the so-called "batch factor" (number of combined orders), because fewer and fewer orders can be processed simultaneously. The simultaneous processing of, for example, a thousand orders is not possible if only 5-10 target locations are available.

[0015] In addition, high speeds can lead to article damage. Articles can be delivered to the wrong destination, resulting in an unintended article mix.

[0016] In another approach, where picking is carried out in two stages without the use of sorters, the (item-only) storage container is also only removed once. However, this storage container is then, according to a multi-stop strategy, transferred to a number of picking stations (see "KP" in Fig. 12 ), whereby each of the picking stations can usually process 6 - 7 orders in parallel (ie, collect items order-oriented). This approach results in a relatively complex transport network that has to be arranged between the warehouse and the picking stations. This transport network is usually represented by continuous conveyors, as in the Figure 12 is shown as an example.

[0017] In this context, it is important to note that in addition to the transport system for the storage containers, a transport system for the order containers, into which the retrieved items are placed, must also be provided. Here, too, there are various approaches. The order containers can be transported using the same conveyor system as the storage containers. However, the order containers are usually moved via a separate transport system. This, in turn, increases the complexity of the overall transport system.

[0018] Synchronizing the storage containers and order containers is difficult in this case. The storage containers and order containers must be present at the same location at the same time.

[0019] Furthermore, in this case, it is possible to have the order container stop at multiple picking stations to pick up the items belonging to the corresponding order. In this context, this is referred to as a multi-stop strategy for the order containers. A similar multi-stop strategy can, of course, also be applied to the storage containers. The result is that the traffic of storage containers and order containers, and especially their synchronization, becomes very complex and difficult to manage.

[0020] The present invention operates within this field of tension.

[0021] Document WO 2008 / 061744 A1 discloses a tray sorter that is filled manually. Filling takes place at a filling station that has a plurality of filling chutes arranged above the rotating trays. The filling chutes are opened by computer at the correct time, so that items stored therein fall into a predetermined tray of the high-speed sorter. The filled trays are automatically emptied into the target locations connected to the sorter. To fill the chutes, the items are removed from storage containers, which are transported to the filling station in an item- or batch-oriented manner.

[0022] The document WO 2011 / 107385 A1 discloses a universal high-performance picking station which is used in the Fig. 12This universal picking workstation is designed to process a large number of storage containers and a large number of order containers in parallel, which are provided in a demarcated picking zone.

[0023] The document DE 10 2007 005 561 A1 discloses a picking system with a shelf transport unit and a method for operating the system.

[0024] The document DE 10 2007 011 856 A1 discloses a double-sided accessible picking rack and a picking method.

[0025] The document DE 10 2016 002 760 A1 discloses a high-bay warehouse with connected picking stations, which is designed as a flow rack.

[0026] JP 2014 141313 A discloses a storage and order picking system according to the preamble of claim 1.

[0027] JP 2017 071458 A discloses a sorting system and a sorting method.

[0028] JP 2015 042587 A discloses an article warehouse.

[0029] Therefore, it is a task to create a storage and picking system that meets the requirements of e-commerce, has a small space requirement and enables high picking performance.

[0030] This object is achieved by a storage and picking system according to claim 1.

[0031] The system described above is tailored to the needs of e-commerce. The system is capable of processing many customer orders in parallel, even if each order contains a very small number of order lines and / or units per order.

[0032] The sorter can handle more trays simultaneously than the capacity of the main line allows.

[0033] Although the main line operates continuously, meaning that the trays are moved along the main line without stopping and preferably at the maximum possible speed, at least the loading process can be carried out in a state where the tray is either stopped or moving very slowly. This is possible because the trays are loaded in a mesh-like branch line, preferably one piece per tray.

[0034] The trays can be fed into and out of the main line. This is possible because the trays are not permanently connected to the main line's conveyor, which preferably rotates continuously.

[0035] The system is fully automated. Both loading and unloading of the trays can be fully automated. Robots are preferably used for loading and unloading.

[0036] Alternatively, the trays can be equipped with an automatic unloading mechanism (e.g. a gate) that is triggered by the movement of the tray itself.

[0037] Another advantage of the system is its minimal space requirement. The sorter can be installed in an area that corresponds to the traditional (conveyor system) pre-zone.

[0038] The sorter's route is designed simply. The trays can be transported smoothly and without stopping over a short distance from the separation stations to the destination. Route optimization is possible.

[0039] The sorter trays can be of different dimensions and still be transported simultaneously along the main line. A mix of different trays is possible. This allows trays to be selected depending on the dimensions of the items. Less space is wasted on the trays. The item density on the main line can be increased. A tray density on the routes can be increased.

[0040] The trays are preferably dimensioned so that four or more trays per meter can be transported on the sorter, especially on the main line.

[0041] Preferably, the system further comprises a conveyor system for the order containers, which supplies the target locations with order containers.

[0042] Items that have been collected order-oriented at the target locations are emptied into order containers. The order containers are preferably moved using a one-stop strategy.

[0043] In particular, each of the target locations has a chute and / or a collection container.

[0044] The chute allows the trays to be unloaded by tipping. The items tipped from the tray can then be transported via the chute by gravity into a collection container, which serves as the collection bin. Unloading is therefore automated. The collection bin's task is to collect all the items belonging to an order. Once all the items of the order have been collected, the collection bin can be emptied into the order bin. Emptying can also be automated, for example, by folding away the base.

[0045] Furthermore, it is preferred if the trays and / or the target locations are configured to automatically unload, in particular tip, the articles loaded onto the respective trays in an order-oriented manner at the location of the corresponding target location.

[0046] This allows for further automation of the system. Tray unloading is automated. Tray unloading is typically done passively, for example, by a tilting mechanism on the tray being activated by a gate that is actuated as the tray passes the target location. Alternatively, the trays can be pre-tilted and equipped with a movable side panel to release items on the tray.

[0047] It is also advantageous if the sorter has cross-connection lines within the self-contained main line so that the trays can overtake each other and that transport routes from the separation stations to the destination points are shortened.

[0048] The cross-connection routes enable route optimization.

[0049] The cross-connection lines divide the self-contained main conveyor line into a multitude of smaller, self-contained main conveyor lines arranged parallel to each other. This measure allows the transport network to respond more flexibly to increasing traffic demands. The possibilities for reaching a specific destination from the singulation station are increased.

[0050] The control device is configured to initiate, in the first picking stage, the removal of storage containers from the warehouse in an article-oriented manner, in particular article type-oriented, according to batch picking.

[0051] The control system collects a certain number of customer orders in advance in order to reduce the number of warehouse movements, i.e., the storage and retrieval of storage containers, as much as possible. Ideally, a single storage container containing the desired item type is retrieved and retrieved only once for the specific quantity of customer orders. At the singulation station, the required number of items of this item type are removed successively, i.e., order-line-oriented or individually, and each is placed on a tray. The storage container thus moves through the system using a so-called "one-stop strategy," with the order containers preferably also moving through the system using a one-stop strategy.The fact that both the storage containers and the order containers can each move through the system using a one-stop strategy is due in particular to the advantageous design of the sorter, which, although operated in a circulating manner, is capable of handling more trays simultaneously than is determined by the maximum capacity of the main line.

[0052] In particular, the system further comprises at least one of the following components: a buffer for empty trays; a picking buffer for pre-loaded trays; a connection to manual or automated picking areas; picking / dispatch areas; and / or a connection to an overhead conveyor pocket loading / unloading station.

[0053] The system is universally compatible. It can be integrated into existing warehouse and picking systems that operate according to all common picking strategies. There are no limits to compatibility.

[0054] The system enables the operator of the warehouse and picking system to respond to the increasing demands of e-commerce.

[0055] In an advantageous embodiment, the sorter is implemented by a conveyor system, and in particular by a link chain conveyor.

[0056] Conveyor systems, especially continuous conveyors such as link chain conveyors, are extremely long-lasting, durable and require little maintenance.

[0057] The (loose) shells can be stacked while the drive continues to run continuously. Back pressure on the shells is minimal.

[0058] Another advantage of a link chain conveyor is that the chain is driven continuously, i.e., without interruption. Only a few drives (motors), especially just one, are required to move the chain along the main line. Control is simple. The lines can be geometrically very long.

[0059] In a further special embodiment, the warehouse has at least one storage module which is formed by two shelves with a shelf aisle in between, wherein each of the shelf modules is assigned a separate singling station.

[0060] The shelf modules represent independent units, each served by its own singulation station. This type of arrangement enables very high picking performance. Picking performance is defined as the number of reloading operations per unit of time. During reloading operations, the items are distributed from the storage containers to a number of trays. Typically, the reloading process is performed in a 1:1 allocation. This means that one item is reloaded per tray. Of course, multiple items can also be transferred per reloading operation. However, this is usually the exception.

[0061] In a further advantageous embodiment, the storage containers are fed, in particular unidirectionally, to the respectively assigned singling station via at least two separate conveyor systems. The singling station has a robot for transferring the articles, wherein the robot is preferably arranged between the separate conveyor systems in such a way that the robot can pick up one (or more) articles from each of the separate conveyor systems during a movement cycle and can transfer an already picked article to one of the trays between the corresponding article pick-ups.

[0062] It is possible to temporarily store one or more already processed storage containers in intermediate buffer locations for later retrieval of items

[0063] The robot preferably moves along a semicircular path, the turning points of which represent the removal points on the two separate conveyor systems. The picked item is delivered to the tray between the turning points. The robot arm's movement does not necessarily have to stop during the delivery process. The robot can deliver the item (e.g., drop it) while the robot arm moves from one pick-up position to the other pick-up position opposite. However, the robot arm's movement is preferably slowed down.

[0064] This approach allows very high picking performance to be achieved.

[0065] In contrast to the traditional supply system for the robot, where a single-line supply system allows the robot to have multiple retrieval positions, but these retrieval positions repeatedly offer the same storage container because the robot is traditionally supplied via only one conveyor line, the two separate conveyor systems provide two conveyor lines. This means that different storage containers are always presented to the robot. In other words, this means that more different storage containers can be presented to the robot per unit of time.

[0066] In addition, so-called vision systems have more time to detect and determine the relative position of the items within the storage containers. This also provides more time to calculate the robot's trajectory and / or gripping action.

[0067] Preferably, two additional separate conveyor systems are provided, which are designed to transport the storage containers back to the warehouse after the item has been removed by the robot.

[0068] In this case, a total of four separate conveyor systems are provided in the robot's area. Two of these conveyor systems are used to present the storage containers. The other two conveyor systems are used to return the offered storage containers. However, this avoids congestion because the four conveyor systems are preferably operated unidirectionally and independently of each other (especially in loops).

[0069] This arrangement is particularly advantageous when the two additional separate conveyor systems are located at a different level than the infeed conveyor systems. The return conveyor systems can, for example, be located below the two infeed conveyor systems. The infeed conveyor systems are then each connected to their assigned outfeed conveyor systems via a lifting device.

[0070] A correction (e.g., a mishandling) can be made immediately. A returned container can be re-served from the "back" (via the warehouse).

[0071] The robot is then supplied via a conveyor loop arranged in a vertically oriented plane. This means that no return transport of storage containers takes place in one (horizontal) action plane of the robot. All storage containers located in this action plane are potential candidates for item removal.

[0072] Preferably, the sorter, which is located at the front of the warehouse, is no wider than the warehouse itself. In particular, the sorter is preferably a maximum of 5 to 10 meters deep (in the longitudinal X direction). The same applies to a combination of a singulation station and a supply conveyor system. In other words, this means that the space requirement is significantly reduced. With the same performance, only 10-20% of the conventional (continuous conveyor) pre-zone is required.

[0073] Preferably, the storage containers cannot change the shelf module, i.e. there is no mixing or distribution across the modules.

[0074] The area required by the sorter to pick a given number of customer orders per unit of time is significantly smaller than with classic single-stage container picking (see Fig. 12 ). Traditional single-stage container picking requires much longer conveyor lines (and thus much more space) to "synchronize" the storage containers and order containers at the point of picking, meaning they bring them together at the same time and place. Traditionally, both the storage containers and the order containers must implement a multi-stop strategy for this purpose.

[0075] Embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawings and explained in more detail in the following description. They show: Fig. 1 shows a block diagram of a storage and order picking system; Fig. 2 schematically illustrates an exemplary route of a sorter's main line and a possibility of connecting separation stations to the main line; Fig. 3 illustrates the main line of the Fig. 2 and (isolated) a connection of target points to the main line; Fig. 4 schematically illustrates a mesh-shaped branch line; Fig. 5 schematically illustrates a loop; Fig. 6 shows a plan view of an exemplary system; Fig. 7 shows a first connection option for target points; Fig. 8 shows a second connection option for target points; Fig. 9 shows a third connection option for target points; Fig. 10 a plan view of a connection option for singling stations; Fig. 11 shows a side view of the Fig. 10 along a line XI -XI of the Fig. 10; Fig. 12 shows a prior art order picking system; and Fig. 13 shows a graph showing the development of an average order structure over time.

[0076] The present invention is used in the field of intralogistics, and in particular for e-commerce. The terms commonly used in intralogistics for the longitudinal direction X, the transverse direction Z, and the vertical direction Y are also used here. In the following figures, these directions X, Y, and Z are used to designate a (e.g., Cartesian) coordinate system.

[0077] In the following description, a clear distinction is made between the term "connection" on the one hand and the term "coupling" or "connection" on the other. When two points are connected, the points are in direct contact with each other via the connection. When the points are coupled, they can be connected directly or via intermediate points, i.e., indirectly. When a point is connected to another point, this primarily means a coupling. However, it can also (secondarily) be a direct connection. This depends on the specific case.

[0078] Fig. 1 shows a block diagram of a storage and picking system 10, which will be referred to simply as system 10 below. System 10 can be, for example, a distribution center of an online retailer. System 10 is a material or article handling system.

[0079] When we refer to "items" below, we generally mean all types of goods that can be ordered online. An item can be a single piece of goods or a packaging unit of several pieces of goods combined to form a single unit. An item can be a container (e.g., a carton) containing a large number of pieces of goods, especially of the same item type. An item can be a SKU (Stock Keeping Unit). In summary, this means that an item is not to be understood in a restrictive sense.

[0080] However, the items used here differ in their respective item type. For example, a beverage can is a first item type, whereas a six-pack of the same beverage can is a different, second item type.

[0081] The system 10 comprises a warehouse 12 and a sorter 14. The sorter 14 represents a conveyor system that is loaded according to article and unloaded according to order. The sorter 14 has at least one continuously rotating transport element, as will be explained in more detail below. This transport element is, in particular, continuously and permanently driven.

[0082] The sorter 14 has a self-contained, loop-shaped main section 16, which Fig. 1 indicated by a dashed line, and one or more branch lines 18 (cf. Fig. 2 and 4 ) that connect to the main line 16. The main line 16 represents a main transport route that connects the separation stations 20 with the destination points 22. To get from the separation stations 20 to the destination points 22, it is mandatory to move along the main line 16.

[0083] Furthermore, the system 10 has one or more separation stations 20 and a plurality of destination locations 22. Optionally, the system 10 can also have a dispatch 24.

[0084] The separation stations 20 are connected to the warehouse 12 via a conveyor system 26 for the purpose of material or article flow. The conveyor system 26 can, for example, be a transport network consisting of continuous conveyors (roller conveyors 70, chain conveyors, overhead conveyors, belt conveyors, etc.) and / or an automated guided vehicle (AGV) 40 (see Fig. 6 ). A conveyor connection between the separation stations 20 and the sorter 14 is not provided.

[0085] The destination points 22 can also be connected to the (optional) dispatch 24 via a conveyor system 26. A conveyor connection between the destination points 22 and the sorter 14 is not provided.

[0086] The separation stations 20 and the destination points 22 are coupled to the sorter 14 via reloading processes, as will be explained in more detail below.

[0087] In addition, the system 10 has a control device 28 which Fig. 1 is indicated by a cloud. The control device 28 can be arranged centrally or decentrally distributed in the system 10. The control device 28 is configured to perform at least one or more of the following functions: storage location management, order management, and material flow control. The control device 28 is configured to perform two-stage order picking, in which, in a first stage, depending on a formed batch, the goods are retrieved in an article-oriented manner and then separated onto the sorter 14, and in a second stage, the goods are distributed to the target locations 22 in an order-oriented manner.

[0088] It goes without saying that the control device 28 can implement additional functions of an intralogistics control computer. Depending on the relevance of these functions, they will be discussed in more detail below.

[0089] Furthermore, it is understood that the control device 28 is implemented by hardware and / or software.

[0090] Of course, the system 10 may comprise further components of conventional intralogistics systems, which are not shown and explained in detail here, such as a goods receipt, a goods issue, a packing station, a manual picking area, flow racks, vertically and / or horizontally circulating racks, shuttle racks and the like.

[0091] In the Fig. 1 are the separation stations 20 with the conveyor technology 26, which are Fig. 1generally indicated by arrows, coupled to the warehouse 12. The warehouse 12 preferably has a rack arrangement (not shown here) with one or more racks 48 (cf. Fig. 6 ), the shelf aisles 52 (cf. Fig. 6 ) between them, in which storage and retrieval machines (not shown) are moved in order to store storage containers 54 in the shelves 48 and to retrieve them from the shelves 48. Retrieved storage containers 54 are fed to the singling stations 20 in an article-oriented manner according to a batch (ie a pre-summarized, fixed quantity) of customer orders in order to there pick up a number of articles 30 determined by the batch (cf. Fig. 6 ) identical article type, preferably individually, and to be fed, preferably individually, to the sorter 14, in particular individual sorting trays 32 (cf. Fig. 6). The storage containers 54 are then transported back from the separation stations 20 via the conveyor system 26 to the warehouse 12 and stored there. The sorter 14 distributes the removed and reloaded articles 30 using its trays 32 and delivers these articles 30 to the target locations 22 in an order-oriented manner. Typically, each of the target locations 22 is assigned to one of the orders, as will be explained in more detail below.

[0092] Fig. 2 and 3 essentially serve to illustrate the course of the main line 16 and possible connections to the separation stations 20 ( Fig. 2 ) and the target positions 22 ( Fig. 3 ) to the main line 16.

[0093] Fig. 2shows an exemplary route of a main line 16 of a sorter 14 and in particular a coupling of exemplary five separation stations 20 via a mesh-shaped secondary line 18 each to the loop-shaped, self-contained main line 16. Due to the mesh-shaped connection of the separation stations 20 to the loop-shaped main line 16, the sorter trays 32 (not shown), which are also referred to below as "trays 32", can be fed into and out of a main (traffic) flow on the main line 16.

[0094] The main flow is characterized by the fact that the trays 32 are moved essentially continuously, i.e., without stopping, along the main line 16. Continuous also means that the main flow can be moved in a timed manner. However, it is preferred that traffic on the main line flow without interruption.

[0095] It is also possible to vary the speed of the trays 32 on the main line 16 (dynamically, i.e., depending on demand). For example, the main line 16 can be operated at a maximum speed for an initial period and at a lower speed in a subsequent period. Typically, however, all sections of the main line 16 are operated at the same speed.

[0096] Furthermore, it is understood that the shells 32 (cf. Fig. 6) are not firmly (and permanently) connected to the main line 16, as will be explained in more detail below. The trays 32 can be transported solely by static friction, for example, on a link chain conveyor. One example of a link chain conveyor is offered by Bosch Rexroth under the name "VarioFlow plus" and is used, for example, as a workpiece carrier circulation system for assembly lines in the automotive and electronics industries. Another link chain conveyor that can be used in system 10 is offered by FlexLink under the name "FlexLink."

[0097] The trays 32 transported on the secondary lines 18 can also be (temporarily) stopped for loading at the singling stations 20 without disrupting the flow of traffic on the main line 16.

[0098] The trays 32 can be implemented by any transport container that can be positioned on the conveyor (not shown) of the main and secondary lines 16 and 18. Other exemplary transport containers include bins, trays, and other load carriers used in intralogistics. Containers and trays differ essentially in the height of an edge surrounding a transport surface (i.e., a floor).

[0099] The branch lines 18 are generally coupled to the main line 16 via suitable branching elements V and merging elements Z, as will be explained in more detail below.

[0100] It is understood that the separation stations 20 can be distributed as desired over the entire main line 16. In the Fig. 2The separation stations 20 are all arranged outside the loop-shaped main line 16. It is understood that one or more separation stations 20 can also be arranged inside the loop-shaped main line 16. Preferably, however, the separation stations 20 are arranged outside, along the long sections of the main line 16. The separation stations 20 can also be concentrated in certain areas, as is exemplified in the Fig. 6 is indicated.

[0101] It is understood that the Figures 2 to 6 The routes shown are merely exemplary in nature. Fig. 2The main route 16 extends essentially along a rectangle. It is understood that the route can be freely chosen, and other shapes are possible. Route sections do not necessarily have to run parallel to each other, but can be chosen arbitrarily, for example, by including curves, inclines, and / or declines (three-dimensional route layout).

[0102] Fig. 3 shows the same loop-shaped main line 16 as Fig. 2 . The Fig. 3 illustrates an example of a (direct) coupling of the destination points 22 to the main line 16. The separation stations 20 are not shown here.

[0103] Despite the direct connection, the destination points 22 do not represent any obstacles that block traffic on the main route 16. The destination points 22 are in the Fig. 3merely drawn along the main line 16 to clarify that no other conveying elements, collecting elements, or transfer devices are provided between the main line 16 and the destination points 22. In this case, the articles 30 are discharged from the trays 32 while the trays 32 continue to move continuously along the main line 16.

[0104] It is understood that the target points 22, just like the separation stations 20 (compare Fig. 2 ) can be coupled to the main line 16 via branch lines 18, as will be explained in more detail below and in the Fig. 3 but is not shown.

[0105] In the Fig. 3 Seven target locations 22 are shown as examples. It is understood that more or fewer target locations 22 can be used.

[0106] Fig. 4illustrates a mesh-shaped branch line 18, which in turn is coupled to the main line 16 via a branching element V and a merging element Z, wherein the main line 16 is only indicated in sections with an entrance E and an exit A. The traffic (compare dark arrows) in the mesh-shaped branch line 18 is aligned with the traffic on the main line 16. The (not shown) trays 32 move on both the branch line 18 and the main line 16 from the entrance E to the exit A.

[0107] In the Fig. 5 A track loop, or loop 34, is shown. Loop 34 operates in the opposite direction to the main line 16.

[0108] Fig. 6 shows a plan view of an embodiment of the system 10. In the upper part of the Fig. 6 Camp 12 extends. In the lower part of the Fig. 6Adjoining the warehouse 12 is an area 36, ​​where the classic (conveyor technology) pre-zone is conventionally located, which connects the warehouse 12 with picking stations in a classic manner (cf. Fig. 12 ) where the picking takes place. The classic pre-zone is in Fig. 6 replaced by Sorter 14.

[0109] Below the sorter 14, a conveyor system 26 for transporting order containers 38 is located in the longitudinal direction X. This conveyor system 26 is in the Fig. 6only partially shown and extends essentially parallel to one end face of the warehouse 12, i.e. parallel to the transverse direction Z. This conveyor technology 26 is implemented by way of example in the form of an automated guided vehicle (AGV) 40 with a plurality of automated guided vehicles (AGVs) 42, which move automatically along travel paths 44. Despite being guided along the travel paths 44, the AGVs 42 move autonomously within the system 10. It is understood that, as an alternative to the AGV 40, other types of conveyor technology can also be used, as will be explained with reference to the Fig. 7 to 9 will be explained in more detail.

[0110] Camp 12 of the Fig. 6is implemented as an example as a rack warehouse 46 with racks 48. Two racks 48 define a rack module 50 with a rack aisle 52 between them. Racks 48 and aisle 52 extend parallel to the longitudinal direction X. One or more storage and retrieval machines, not shown or identified in detail here, move in each of the rack aisles 52. The storage and retrieval machines (e.g., shuttles) are configured to store storage containers 54 in racks 48, retrieve them from racks 48, and transfer them within racks 48.

[0111] In the Fig. 6 Four shelving modules 50-1 to 50-4 are shown as examples. It is understood that more or fewer shelving modules 50 can be provided. The shelving modules 50 are implemented, for example, as an automated small parts warehouse (AS / R / L).

[0112] Furthermore, it is understood that instead of a rack storage 46, a pallet storage (not shown), tray storage, carton storage or a combination of these storage types could also be used, although racks 48 do not necessarily have to be used.

[0113] As an alternative to the storage containers 54, other storage containers can also be used, such as trays, cartons, pallets, overhead conveyor pockets, or other load carriers. The same applies to the order containers 38. The order containers 38 can also be implemented using trays, cartons, pallets, or other load carriers.

[0114] When we refer to order containers 38 here, we mean that a collection container is linked to one of the customer orders in data terms. The order containers 38 can also be used as shipping containers to avoid repacking in shipping 24. In this case, the order containers 38 are preferably implemented as cardboard boxes or plastic containers that can be transported by the AGVs 42.

[0115] In the Fig. 6 Each of the shelf modules 50 is connected to a (storage container) conveyor system 26, which is implemented here as an example in the form of a roller conveyor 70. Preferably, a separate storage container conveyor system 26 is provided for each shelf module 50, which, in particular, connects to the front side of the shelves 48 in a U-shape.

[0116] Alternatively, the storage container conveyor systems 26 of the various shelf modules 50 can also be interconnected, which in Fig. 6 is not shown.

[0117] The storage container conveyor system 26 is configured to transport removed storage containers 54 to the separation stations 20 in order to remove articles 56 from the storage containers 54 and deliver them to the sorting trays 32. After the articles 30 have been removed, the storage containers 54 are transported back to the warehouse 12 for storage.

[0118] The storage containers 54 are filled "single item." This means that the storage containers 54 preferably contain only items 30 of a single item type. It is understood that the storage containers 54 can also be divided into compartments (not shown) to store different article types within the same storage container 54. These compartment-divided storage containers 54 are also single item.

[0119] Furthermore, it is also possible to store several pre-determined article types without compartmentalization, i.e., chaotically, in the same storage container 54. Such an operating mode, however, requires that the separation stations 20 are capable of distinguishing the (expected) article types located in the storage container 54 currently being presented. Preferably, easily distinguishable article types (chaotically mixed) are stored in this single-type storage container 54. In this case, the control device 15 determines in advance the mix of the different article types for each of these mixed single-type storage containers 54. For this purpose, the control device 28 can have the function of a warehouse management computer.

[0120] The control device 28 is also used for order processing and batch formation in the first picking stage. For this purpose, a predetermined number of customer or picking orders is collected and analyzed with regard to the article types (or order lines) they contain in order to remove as few storage containers 54 as possible that contain the required article types according to the customer orders.

[0121] At the singling stations 20, these article types are then removed from the corresponding storage containers 54 in the corresponding (total) number and distributed or reloaded onto the trays 32. Preferably, the reloading always takes place such that one item (i.e., one article 30) is placed on each of the trays 32. However, it is also possible to remove several items of the same article type simultaneously from the storage containers 54 and reload them onto a single tray 32 if the corresponding order line of the associated customer order requires several items of the same article type. In this case, the singling station 20 is configured to remove several items simultaneously from the storage container 54.

[0122] The 20 separation stations, of which in the Fig. 6 Four of which are shown as examples can be operated automatically and / or manually.

[0123] In the Fig. 6For each of the shelf modules 50-1 to 50-4, a separation station 20 is provided. The separation station 20 of the Fig. 6 are each implemented by a robot 56, for example. Alternatively, humans (not shown) can be used. Furthermore, it is possible for some of the separation stations 20 to be operated by the robots 56, while other separation stations 20 are operated by humans.

[0124] Now the sorter 14 of the Fig. 6 be examined more closely.

[0125] The Sorter 14 of the Fig. 6 represents a ring-shaped or closed transport structure, which is analogous to the Figures 2 to 5 The self-contained, loop-shaped main line 16 is Fig. 6indicated by a dashed line. The main line 16 is operated continuously, for example, in a clockwise direction. The movement of the trays 32 is essentially uninterrupted. This means that the trays 32 are preferably conveyed on the main line 16 at a constant speed, especially if the main line 16 is implemented by a self-contained link chain conveyor. The constant speed on the main line 16 can also be achieved by a timed movement.

[0126] A plurality of branch lines 18 are connected to the main line 16. In particular, a separate branch line 18 is provided for each of the separation stations 20-1 to 20-4. The trays 32 can be diverted from the main line 16 to these branch lines 18, where the trays 32 then no longer need to be moved continuously. The trays 32 can also stop on the branch lines 18.

[0127] The trays 32 preferably stop in close proximity to the robots 56 to allow the robot 56 to remove a desired article 30 from the storage container 54 and place it onto one of the trays 32. Once the tray 32 is loaded with the article 30, the loaded tray 32 can be re-introduced into the main line 16 to reach its assigned destination 22, as will be explained in more detail below.

[0128] Additionally and alternatively, empty and loaded trays 32 can be temporarily stored on one or more buffer lines 58. In the Fig. 6 By way of example, a buffer section 58 is shown, which is connected to the main section 16 via one or more feed sections 60 and one or more discharge sections 62. The buffer section 58 extends, for example, essentially parallel to the transverse direction Z and is preferably arranged within the loop-shaped main section 16.

[0129] It is understood that, in general, additional cross-connection routes (not shown) can be provided within the loop-shaped main route 16, in particular to shorten the (transport routes) between the separation stations 20 and the destination points 22 individually. In the example of the Fig. 6 Such a cross-connecting section could run centrally from the upper long section of the main section 16, which extends parallel to the transverse direction Z, to the lower long section of the main conveyor section 16, which also extends parallel to the transverse direction Z. This cross-connecting section then runs in the longitudinal direction X.

[0130] The System 10 of Fig. 6 further has four exemplary target locations 22-1 to 22-4. The target locations 22 of the Fig. 6are also operated automatically, i.e., the target points 22 are each provided with a robot 56. Alternatively, the target points 22 can also be operated manually.

[0131] The target points 22 of the Fig. 6 are in turn each connected to the main line 16 via an individual branch line 18. This makes it possible to stop the trays 32 at the target locations 22 so that the robots 56 can reload the articles 30 positioned on the trays 32 into the order containers 38 in an order-oriented manner. The corresponding order containers 38 are transported by the AGV 42 into an action area of ​​the respective (target location) robot 56 so that the robot 56 can deposit the article 30 removed from the tray 32 into the corresponding order container 38.

[0132] The control device 28 is configured to direct all (loaded) trays 32 belonging to a specific order (synchronized) to the associated destination 22. For this purpose, trays 32 can be directed directly from the separation stations 20 and from the buffer lines 58 to the destination 22.

[0133] The second picking stage is completed at the destination point 22. This means that the trays 32 are transported in an order-oriented manner from the separation stations 20 and / or buffer lines 58 to the destination point 22 determined by their customer order. If the customer order comprises several items (piece and / or item type) 30, the correspondingly loaded trays 32 are moved to their destination point 22. These trays 32 can, in particular, arrive at their destination point 22 in a sequence. For this purpose, the control device 28 controls the material flow accordingly. The trays 32 can overtake each other, for example, by using the buffer line 58.

[0134] Furthermore, it is possible to pre-pick specific items 30 assigned to a specific order. This means that these specific items 30 are loaded onto one or more of the trays 32 at an earlier point in time, with the corresponding loaded trays 32 then being "parked" (for a longer period) in one of the buffer lines 58. Once all items 30 belonging to this specific order are located on trays 32 of the sorter 14, these trays 32 can be moved (orchestrated) to their destination location 22.

[0135] For this purpose, the control device 28 also has the function of a material flow computer.

[0136] As an alternative to the mesh-shaped buffer sections 58, the sorter 14 can generally also have branch sections (not shown). A branch section is comparable to a dead end. This means that the branch section must be operated bidirectionally in order to fill and empty the branch section with trays 32. The branch sections are particularly suitable for long-term buffering of the trays 32. In this case, preferably either only empty trays 32 or only loaded trays 32 are buffered. If loaded trays 32 are buffered, the buffering is preferably order-oriented. This means that preferably each of the branch sections only buffers trays 32 that belong to the same customer order.

[0137] It is understood that the main line 16 has a finite capacity to accommodate the trays 32. The trays 32 are preferably identically dimensioned. The geometric length of the main line 16 results in a maximum capacity for the trays 32.

[0138] However, the present sorter 14 is capable of handling more trays 32 than its maximum capacity allows. The secondary lines 18 and buffer lines 58 (and possibly also the branch lines) allow more trays 32 to be handled simultaneously within the system 10. Naturally, the main line 16 cannot accommodate more loaded trays 32 than the total capacity allows. Nevertheless, additional trays 32 can be handled, particularly in the area of ​​the secondary lines 18 (and / or 58), which connect the separation stations 20 and the destination points 22 to the main line 16.

[0139] Fig. 7shows a perspective view of another embodiment of the system 10, which is very similar to the system 10 of Fig. 6 is structured, so the differences are explained in more detail below.

[0140] The warehouse 12 comprises a single rack module 50 with two racks 48 and one rack aisle 52. The sorter 14 comprises a loop-shaped main line 16 and two secondary lines 18-1 and 18-2. The secondary line 18-1 serves to connect the automated singulation station 20, which is implemented by a robot 56. The secondary line 18-2 serves as a buffer line 58.

[0141] The branch lines 18-1 and 18-2 run essentially parallel to the main line 16 and are preferably arranged directly adjacent to the main line 16.

[0142] Furthermore, the Fig. 7Branching elements V and merging elements Z are shown in the form of rails 64. The trays 32 can switch between the main line 16 and the secondary lines 18 (and / or 58) by means of the movably mounted rails 64, by passively transferring the trays 32 through the movement of the conveyor that implements the lines 16 and 18. It is understood that the branching elements V and the merging elements Z (see Figures 4 and 5 ) can also be actively operated, for example by means of a (not shown) raising and lowering belt transmission 72 (cf. Fig. 8 ) or a slider (not shown).

[0143] The sorter 14 is dimensioned so that it has a similar width in the transverse direction Z as the shelf module 50.

[0144] The sorter 14 is directly adjacent to a plurality of target locations 22. In the Fig. 7Eight exemplary target locations 22 are shown, which are implemented as chutes 66 and collection containers 68. The collection containers 68 can be actively opened downwards to place collected articles 30 into the order containers 38, which are positioned, for example, by means of an AGV 42 under the collection containers 68.

[0145] The destination points 22 are directly connected to the main line 16 (compare Fig. 3 ), in that the chutes 66 are arranged in the immediate vicinity of the main line 16. The chutes 66 slope slightly toward the collection containers 68, so that the articles 30 slide into the collection containers 68 independently under gravity.

[0146] In the case of a direct connection of the destination points 22 to the main line 16, i.e., without a robot 56 or a human being used for unloading, the trays 32 have a mechanism (not shown) to automatically deliver the article 30 loaded onto the respective tray 32 to the desired chute 66 (order-oriented). For this purpose, the tray 32 can, for example, have a tilting mechanism that is triggered by a link (not shown) as the trays 32 pass the respective destination point 22. The trays 32 therefore do not stop during unloading.

[0147] Alternatively, the shell 32 may be permanently tilted, with a surrounding wall being able to be opened and closed (not shown).

[0148] As soon as all articles 30 belonging to a picking order have been collected in the associated collection container 68 and as soon as the corresponding order container 38 is positioned below the corresponding collection container 68, the collection container 68 can be emptied automatically by the control device 28, for example by opening a bottom (not shown) of the collection container 68.

[0149] Fig. 8 shows a perspective view of another embodiment of the system 10, which is almost identical to the system 10 of Fig. 7 The system 10 of the Fig. 8 differs from System 10 of the Fig. 7only in the conveyor system 26, which transports the order containers 38 to the destination locations 22. The conveyor system 26 for the order containers 38 is implemented here as an example as a roller conveyor 70, which positions the order containers 38 below the collection containers 68 via exemplary belt dischargers 72.

[0150] Fig. 9 shows another embodiment of the system 10, which is very similar to the embodiments of Figures 7 and 8 The design of the Fig. 9 differs from the versions of the Figures 7 and 8in that the target locations 22 are defined solely by chutes 66, which are automatically operated by robots 56. Each of the chutes 66 is inclined relative to the horizontal, so that the articles 30 automatically slide to the lower end of the chute 66 and are collected there, so that the robots 56 can remove the articles 30 at the lower end and transfer them to the order containers 38, which are in turn transported by an AGV 40. Each of the chutes 66 represents a separate target location.

[0151] The robots 56 are typically equipped with devices for detecting the position of the articles 30 in order to suitably control the gripping unit. Further means for article identification can be provided on the robot, particularly on the gripping unit. It is therefore possible to design the target area serviceable by the gripping unit as a single physical unit, yet logically divided as desired. This allows the number of (logical) targets to be determined flexibly.

[0152] It is understood that the different solutions for the target positions 22, which are presented in the Figures 7 to 9 shown, can be combined with one another as desired. Furthermore, it is understood that the target points 22 can also be operated manually, particularly when reloading operations are required.

[0153] With reference to the Figs. 10 and 11A possible conveyor connection of one or more separation stations 20 to the warehouse 12 or the corresponding shelving module 50 will be explained below. This conveyor connection represents an independent invention that is independent of the use of a sorter 14 and is defined in more detail below.

[0154] Fig. 10 shows a top view and Fig. 11 shows a side view along a line XI-XI in the Fig. 10 .

[0155] The connection according to the Figs. 10 and 11 is characterized by the fact that several conveyor lines are provided per separation station 20, especially at different levels. Fig. 11 It is shown by way of example that the removal of the storage containers 54 takes place in a removal level AE and the storage takes place in a storage level EE arranged below.

[0156] Furthermore, the application is characterized by the Figs. 10 and 11 in that in the retrieval level AE each of the robots 56 of the separation stations 20 is supplied with the storage containers 54 via at least two separate conveyor systems 26.

[0157] This allows each of the robots 56 to move by a (for example, approximately semi-circular) pivoting movement, which Fig. 10 indicated by an arrow 74 can be moved back and forth between two storage containers 54 or removal positions in order to pick up the articles 30 from the storage containers 54, wherein a picked up article 30 (not shown) can be delivered to a tray 32, for example in the middle of the pivoting movement, by simply dropping the article.

[0158] It is understood that the route of the conveyor systems 26 for the storage containers 54 and the secondary route 18 for the trays 32 is arranged accordingly. This means that the pick-up points or removal positions from the storage containers 54 and the delivery point to the tray 32 are preferably located on a circular path with a constant radius.

[0159] Furthermore, the conveyor systems 26 for the storage containers 54 can be arranged vertically such that the robot 56 only needs to move slightly in the vertical direction Y to pick up the articles 30. The same applies to the arrangement of the trays 32 during delivery.

[0160] This type of arrangement shortens the cycle time for separating the articles 30 from the storage containers 54 into the trays 32. The storage containers 54 can be exchanged on one conveyor system 26 while the robot 56 picks from a storage container 54 provided on the opposite conveyor system 26. The robot 56 therefore never has to wait for a new storage container 54.

[0161] Furthermore, the robot 56 can drop a retrieved article 30 onto the tray 32 while the robot 56 moves from one pick-up location to the opposite pick-up location on the circular path. The robot 56 does not necessarily have to stop to deliver the article 30 to the tray 32.

[0162] In a non-preferred operating mode, the robot can also place articles 30 onto trays 32 that are in motion on the main line 16 of the sorter 14. This can contribute to wear-optimized system operation with reduced throughput and thus also reduced conveying speed of the sorter.

[0163] The conveyor systems 26 are preferably operated unidirectionally. In the retrieval level AE, the conveyor systems 26 are operated so that the conveying direction is directed away from the warehouse 12. In the storage level EE, the conveyor systems 26 are operated so that the storage containers 54 are transported into the warehouse 12. This is described in the Figs. 10 and 11 indicated by corresponding arrows.

[0164] To manage the return transport of the storage containers 54 from which the articles 30 have already been removed, the storage level EE is provided. To overcome the height difference between the retrieval level AE and the storage level EE, at least one lifting device 76 is provided, which has a corresponding platform that is movable in the vertical direction Y between the levels AE and EE (see Fig. 11 ).

[0165] As soon as the robot 56 has removed the required total number of articles 30 from the storage container(s) 54 (left and right), the storage container 54 is transported from the removal position to the lifting device 76. The lifting device 76 then transports this storage container 54 from the retrieval level AE to the storage level EE. From there, this storage container 54 can be transported back to the shelf 48.

[0166] Alternatively, the storage containers 54 can also travel over the lifting device 76 to reach a distribution line 78, which is located in the Figures 10 and 11 exemplarily parallel to the transverse direction Z. The distribution line 78 allows an exchange of the storage containers 54 between the shelf modules 50-1 and 50-2 (compare Fig. 10 ).

[0167] A goods receiving area (not shown) can also be connected via the distribution line 78 in order to fill or refill the warehouse 12 with new items.

[0168] It is understood that the shelf modules 50 have corresponding shelf lifting devices 80 in order to be able to distribute the storage containers 54 over the shelf levels (not shown here) in the height direction Y.

[0169] Manually operated separation stations 20 (not shown here) can also be connected to pick non-robot-ready items. Consolidation with robot-ready items is performed via the sorter 14 or the trays 32.

[0170] The storage containers 54 can also be "looped" via the lifting devices 80, ie they can be served again, e.g. in order to correct picking errors, without them being stored beforehand.

[0171] Returning to the figures, it should be noted that when (sorter) trays 32 were mentioned above, it is understood that the trays 32 do not necessarily have to be tray-shaped. The trays 32 can also be implemented by containers, trays, workpiece carriers, or the like. However, it is advantageous if the trays 32 have a substantially circumferential edge to prevent articles loaded onto the tray 32 from falling off the tray 32 during transport from the singulation station 20 to the assigned destination location 22.

[0172] As already mentioned above, the shells 32 are not permanently connected to the conveyors of the main and secondary lines 16 and 18. In this sense, the shells 32 can be loosely positioned on the conveyors of the main and secondary lines 18, with the shells 32 preferably being held on the conveyor by static friction determined by their own weight.

[0173] In general, the sorter 14 can also be connected to other (logistics) areas of the system 10. For the connection, lines not shown or designated in detail here are used, which are designed analogously to the above-mentioned secondary lines 18 and branch lines.

[0174] For example, the sorter 14 could be connected to another warehouse area (not shown here) where manual picking takes place, particularly according to the man-to-goods principle. The corresponding conveyor system could be routed along the shelves so that the operator does not have to carry the tray 32.

[0175] Furthermore, the sorter 14 could be connected to a buffer for empty trays 32 (not shown here) in order to supply the sorter 14 with further (empty) trays 32 as needed, which are then loaded at the singling stations 20.

[0176] Furthermore, transfer stations could be provided where the articles 30 are transferred from pockets of an overhead conveyor (not shown) onto the trays 32.

[0177] Finally, it is possible to additionally connect a buffer for loaded trays 32 to the sorter 14. Trays 32 can be buffered in this buffer, which, for example, are loaded in advance with the items 30. This means that at the time of loading, there may not yet be a corresponding customer order, or orders may have to be postponed. In this case, loading is carried out based on statistical considerations, in which past customer orders are evaluated and those items that appear particularly frequently or always within a certain period (for example, within a day) in the customer orders are loaded in advance.

[0178] Furthermore, it is understood that the robots 56 can also pick up directly from the trays 32 at the target locations 22 and deliver them to the order containers 38, so that the chutes 66 and / or the collection containers 68 are not necessarily required. List of reference symbols 10 Storage and picking system 64 rail 12 warehouse 66 slide 14 sorter 68 Collection container 16 Main line 70 roller conveyor 18 branch line 72 Belt ejector 20 Separation station 76 Lifting device 22 Destination 74 Swivel movement 24 Shipment 78 Distribution route 26 Conveyor technology 80 Shelf lifting device 28 Control device 30 Article 32 Sorter tray V Branching element Z Merge element E Entrance A Exit 34 Ribbon 36 Pre-zone 38 Order container 40 Driverless transport system 42 Automated guided vehicle 44 Track 46 Rack storage 48 shelf 50 Shelf module 52 shelf aisle 54 storage containers 56 robot 58 Buffer section 60 Feed line 62 discharge line

Claims

1. A storage and order-picking system (10), comprising: a control device (28) configured for performing two-stage picking of articles (30), wherein the two-stage picking comprises a first article-orientated picking stage, and a second order-orientated picking stage; a warehouse (12), wherein the articles (30) in the warehouse (12) are stored in storage containers (54) in an article-pure manner, and wherein the articles (30) are retrieved in an article-orientated manner from the warehouse (12) in the first picking stage; a sorter (14) comprising: a loop-shaped main line (16); at least one branch line (18), wherein each of the branch lines (18) is coupled, preferably mesh-shaped, to the main line (16) and is operable discontinuously; and a plurality of sorter trays (32), wherein each of the trays (32) is configured to be moved along the lines (16, 18) and to be fed into and out from the main line (16); one or more separation stations (20), wherein each of the separation stations (20): is coupled to the warehouse (12) for being supplied with storage containers (54); and is configured for reloading the articles (30) from the storage containers (54) onto the trays (32) for transferring the articles (30) in the first picking stage in accordance with order lines and / or individually onto respectively one of the trays (32) located on the one of the branch lines (18); and a plurality of automatically and / or manually operated target locations (22) for the second picking stage, wherein each of the target locations (22) is coupled: to one of the branch lines (18); and / or directly to the main line (16); wherein the control device (28) is configured to cause, in the first picking stage, a retrieval of the storage containers (54) from the warehouse (12) in an article-orientated manner in accordance with batch-picking, characterized in that the main line (16) is operated continuously, and that each of the separation stations (20) is coupled to the main line (16) via one of the branch lines (18).

2. The system (10) of claim 1, further comprising a conveying system (26) for order containers (38) which supplies the target locations (22) with order containers (38).

3. The system (10) of claim 1 or 2, wherein each of the target locations (22) comprises a chute (66) and / or a collecting container (68).

4. The system (10) of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the trays (32) and / or the target locations (22) are configured to automatically unload, in particular tilt, articles (30), which are loaded onto the respective tray (32), in an order-orientated manner at the location of the corresponding target location (22).

5. The system (10) of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the sorter (14) further comprises transversal connecting lines within the closed main conveying line (16) so that trays (32) can overtake each other and transporting paths from the separation stations (20) to the target locations (22) are shortened.

6. The system of any of claims 1 to 5 which further comprises at least one of the following components: a buffer for empty trays (32); a picking buffer for pre-loaded trays (32); a link to manual or automatic picking areas; removal / delivery areas; and / or a link to a loading / unloading station for overhead-conveyor pockets.

7. The system of any of claims 1 to 6, wherein the sorter (14) is implemented by a chain-link conveyor.

8. The system (10) of any of claims 1 to 7, wherein the warehouse (12) comprises at least one storage module (50) formed by two racks (48) including a rack aisle (52) therebetween, wherein at least one separate separation station (20) is associated with each of the rack modules (50).

9. The system (10) of claim 8, wherein the storage containers (54) are fed via at least two separate conveying systems (26) to the associated separation station (20), in particular unidirectionally, which comprises a robot (56) for transferring the articles (30), wherein the robot (56) preferably is arranged between the separate conveying system (26) such that during one movement cycle the robot (56) can remove from each of the separate conveying systems respectively one article (30) and deliver one article (30), which has already been removed, to one of the trays (32) between the corresponding article removals.

10. The system (10) of claim 9, wherein two further separate conveying systems (26) are provided which are configured for transporting, in particular unidirectionally, the storage containers (54) back into the warehouse (12) after the removal of articles by the robot (56).

11. The system (10) of claim 10, wherein the two further separate conveying systems (26) are arranged beneath the two separate conveying systems (26) and are connected to the two separate conveying systems (26) via respectively one lifting device (76).

12. The system (10) of any of claims 1 to 11, wherein the sorter (14) being arranged at a front end in front of the warehouse (12) is not wider than the warehouse (12) and preferably is 10 to 20 m in depth at maximum.