LOCKING ACTUATOR AND PARKING LOCK WITH SUCH A LOCKING ACTUATOR

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a locking actuator having the features of patent claim 1 and a parking lock having such a locking actuator for locking a transmission, in particular for locking an automatic transmission of a motor vehicle having the features of the patent claim, and a motor vehicle having a parking lock having the features of patent claim 10.

[0002] Parking locks are known in various designs from the prior art and typically serve to actuate a mechanically acting locking device that can lock the transmission of a motor vehicle, particularly the automatic transmission of a motor vehicle. For this purpose, the parking lock can be moved to a first position that releases the transmission and a second position that locks the transmission. In this position, for example, a pawl or bolt engages a ratchet wheel of the automatic transmission, thus mechanically locking the automatic transmission in a parked position.

[0003] To actuate the parking lock, various electro-hydraulic parking locks are proposed in the prior art. These are characterized in that, on the one hand, the parking lock is preloaded, for example, by means of a spring-loaded mechanism, and the parking lock can be released by means of a hydraulically actuated cylinder or piston. A locking device is provided to prevent unintentional actuation of the parking lock. The locking device typically comprises a locking gate, by means of which at least one locking element can be moved into a position that locks the cylinder or releases the cylinder. The at least one locking element engages positively with a locking gate of the cylinder.Further prior art is represented by the documents US 2015 159752 A1, DE 10 2006 039862 A1, DE 10 2012 021 221 A1, US 4 789 366 A, CN 204 041 981 U and KR 100 989 042 B1, which represent the closest prior art and show a locking actuator with many common features of the present locking actuator, but with completely reversed kinematics - the actuator initial position and actuator end position as well as the corresponding first and second position of the cylinder in this document are kinematically exactly reversed to the locking actuator according to claim 1.

[0004] A disadvantage of the prior art has been found to be that the parking locks known from the prior art have a complex design and require, on the one hand, high hydraulic pressure for actuation and, on the other hand, a large force to mechanically release or engage the parking lock. Various locking devices have proven effective in the prior art, but it has been found that large forces are required to release the locking device, as at least one locking element is often jammed between the locking gate and the detent gate. As a result, the parking locks known from the prior art are not only heavy but also have a considerable size.

[0005] This is where the present invention comes in.

[0006] It is therefore the object of the present invention to propose an improved locking actuator, in particular for a parking lock or a parking brake, with a locking actuator that is smaller in size and lighter in weight, which enables the locking of a cylinder of a parking lock for a transmission, in particular an automatic transmission of a motor vehicle, in a particularly energy-efficient and reliable manner, and which enables cost savings in the manufacturing process while simultaneously providing simple and reproducible processes. In particular, a novel design of the locking actuator is intended to make it particularly lightweight and energy-efficient in order to reduce the forces required to lock or unlock the cylinder, thereby enabling the use of smaller and lighter locking actuators.

[0007] These objects are achieved by a locking actuator having the features of patent claim 1, by a parking lock having the features of patent claim 6 and by a motor vehicle having the features of patent claim 10.

[0008] Further advantageous embodiments of the invention are specified in the subclaims.

[0009] It is advantageous if the actuating element is linearly movable along the longitudinal axis or if the actuating element is rotatable about the longitudinal axis. The actuating element can, for example, be a plunger that is linearly movable and actuable along the longitudinal axis, or a sleeve that is rotatable and actuable about the longitudinal axis. The actuating element is preferably a plunger, which allows for a very compact design.

[0010] Furthermore, it has proven advantageous if an actuator housing is provided, and if the actuating element and / or the at least one locking element are mounted in the actuator housing. Furthermore, it is preferred if the actuator housing extends with a housing section along the longitudinal axis into a cylinder of the parking lock, and the cylinder of the parking lock is linearly guided on the housing section.

[0011] Furthermore, it has proven advantageous if the at least one locking element of a locking gate is a locking pin.

[0012] A further aspect of the present invention relates to a parking lock, in particular for use in a motor vehicle with an automatic transmission, comprising an electromagnetic locking actuator according to claims 1-5 and a cylinder or piston movable along the longitudinal axis, which is configured to lock the automatic transmission, wherein the cylinder comprises a locking gate into which the at least one locking element can engage in the first position or the second position of the actuating element. In a preferred embodiment, the cylinder or piston can be guided along the longitudinal axis in a cylinder housing, wherein the cylinder housing is further preferably made of a plastic.

[0013] The locking actuator of the parking lock comprises a movable and actuatable actuating element that is movable into a first position and a second position and has a locking gate. Furthermore, the locking actuator according to the invention comprises at least one locking element that is held displaceably relative to the locking gate, wherein the locking gate has a first surface and a second surface that are connected by a wedge surface with a first slope, and wherein the first surface is in operative contact with the at least one locking element in the first position and the second surface is in operative contact with the at least one locking element in the second position. The at least one locking element is advanced by the locking gate depending on the position of the movable actuating element, wherein particularly preferably the at least one locking element is displaceable perpendicular to the longitudinal axis by the locking gate.The first surface and the second surface are further preferably formed at a different distance from the longitudinal axis of the locking actuator, whereby the distance between the first surface and the second surface necessarily determines an adjustment path of the at least one locking element. Furthermore, according to a further development, it can be provided that the at least one first surface and / or the second surface is inclined relative to the wedge surface at a second gradient.

[0014] The cylinder housing or piston housing can be connected to the actuator housing at a connection point with a metal-plastic connection, wherein the metal-plastic connection can be formed by molding the cylinder housing onto the actuator housing or by ultrasonic welding.

[0015] A further development of the parking lock provides that the locking gate has at least one recess, and that the at least one recess is formed by at least one surface. Furthermore, the at least one surface can have two contact areas at which the locking element contacts the recess when the locking element engages the recess. The two contact areas are arranged at a distance from a line that extends perpendicularly from the longitudinal axis and runs through a geometric center of the locking element.In the only two contact areas, the locking element ideally contacts the recess at specific points and is pressed against the recess, wherein the vector of the resulting force vectors in the contact area points neither perpendicular to the longitudinal axis nor parallel to the longitudinal axis, but is arranged at an angle between 5° and 85°, preferably 15° - 75°, more preferably 30° - 60° and even more preferably 45° ± 5° to the longitudinal axis.

[0016] A recess in the locking gate can be curved, U-shaped, V-shaped, or trapezoidal and prevents the locking element from jamming or jamming when the parking lock is released using the locking actuator. The force required to release the locking device is also reduced, thus requiring less current for unlocking.

[0017] It has also proven advantageous if two contact areas are arranged along the longitudinal axis (XX) on opposite sides of the point, preferably symmetrically. If the blocking element is circular or spherical at least in some areas, a connecting line between the two contact areas is a secant, and the distance between the two contact areas is smaller than a diameter and amounts to at least 1 / 20 of the diameter.

[0018] A further and final aspect of the present invention relates to a motor vehicle with an automatic transmission, which has at least one parking lock according to the invention with an electromagnetic actuator according to the invention.

[0019] An exemplary embodiment of the present invention and a further development thereof will be explained in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. They show: Figure 1 shows a schematic sectional view of a parking lock of a motor vehicle with a locking actuator according to the invention, wherein a cylinder of the parking lock is fixed in a first position by the locking actuator, Figure 2 shows a schematic sectional view of a parking lock according to Figure 1 , wherein the cylinder of the parking lock is fixed in a second position by the locking actuator, Figure 3 is an enlarged view of the locking actuator according to the invention according to Figure 1 or 2 with an actuating element and a locking gate arranged on the actuating element, which is designed to actuate the at least one locking element for locking the cylinder of the parking lock, Figure 4 of a further development of the parking lock according to the Figures 1 to 3 , and Figure 5 an enlarged view of the locking gate of the parking lock according to Figure 4 .

[0020] Figures 1 and 2show a parking lock 2 according to the invention with a locking actuator 1 and a cylinder 70 or piston 70 arranged in a cylinder housing 60, which is arranged in the cylinder housing 60 so as to be movable in a longitudinal axis XX.

[0021] The cylinder 70 of the parking lock 2 can be moved along a longitudinal axis XX between a first position (see Figure 1 ) and a second position (see Figure 2 ) to mechanically lock a transmission (not shown), in particular an automatic transmission of a motor vehicle. The first position of the cylinder 70 can correspond to the transmission-locking position of the cylinder 70, and the second position B can correspond to the transmission-released position of the cylinder 70, or vice versa.

[0022] The locking actuator 1 is arranged on the longitudinal axis XX and has a first side 11 and a second side 12, wherein the second side 12 is the side facing the cylinder 70 and the cylinder housing 60 and the first side 11 forms the free end of the locking actuator 1.

[0023] The locking actuator 1 comprises an electromagnetic actuator 5, an energizable coil 7, an armature 8, an actuating element 10, a locking gate 20, a return spring 14, a pole cover 9 and an actuator housing 30.

[0024] The electromagnetic actuator 5 is designed in the manner of a single-stroke magnet, which, by means of an electromagnetic force effect of the energized coil 7, causes a linear movement of the armature 8 and of an actuating element 10 connected to the armature 8 in the longitudinal axis XX from an actuator initial position - which is in the Figures 1 and 2is shown - into an actuator end position (not shown). The reset is effected by the spring force of the return spring 14. The actuator initial position corresponds to a first position A of the actuating element 10, and the actuator end position corresponds to a second position B of the actuating element.

[0025] The actuator housing 30 of the locking actuator 1 comprises a first housing section 31 and a second housing section 32, wherein the first housing section 31 closes the first side 11, i.e., the free end of the locking actuator 1, and the second housing section 32 is arranged on the side of the locking actuator 1 facing the cylinder housing 60. The first housing section 31 and the second housing section 32 are each made in one piece from a magnetic and metallic material and serve to guide the magnetic flux resulting from energizing the coil 7.

[0026] The second housing section 32 further comprises a flange 34, a shoulder 35 forming a cylinder surface and a housing sleeve 33 projecting from the second side.

[0027] The actuating element 10 is connected to the armature 8 and is mounted at one end on the first side 11 of the electromagnetic actuator 5 in a through-bore in the pole cover 9 and at the other end in the second housing section 32 or in the housing sleeve 33 formed on the second housing section 32.

[0028] When the coil 7 is energized, the armature 8, together with the actuating element 10, is moved from the initial stroke position along the longitudinal axis XX against the force of the return spring 14. The return spring 14 is supported at one end in the actuator housing 30 or in the housing sleeve 33 of the second housing section 32 and at the other end at a free end arranged on the second side, which is provided with a flange.

[0029] The armature 8 is held in the second housing section 32 for a flux transition both in the actuator initial position and in the actuator end position, wherein the pole cap 9 and the armature 8 are spaced apart in the actuator initial position. In the actuator end position, the air gap between the armature 8 and the pole cap 9 is closed, wherein a sleeve-shaped section is formed on the side of the pole cap 9 facing the armature 8, which is configured to encompass the armature 8 in the actuator end position.

[0030] It may be advantageous for the sleeve-shaped portion to be designed as a control cone. The free end of the sleeve-shaped portion can be arranged approximately in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis XX at the end of the armature 8 facing the pole cap 9. Furthermore, the free end of the sleeve-shaped portion is arranged at a distance from the second housing portion 32.

[0031] The locking actuator 1 is designed to fix the piston-shaped cylinder 70 in the first position see Figure 1 - and in the second position - see Figure 2 - to release. For this purpose, the at least one locking element 15 and the locking gate 20 are arranged on the second side 12 of the locking actuator 1 facing the cylinder 70. For this purpose, the locking gate 20 is coupled to the actuating element 10, wherein the locking gate is configured to advance the at least one locking element 15 to fix or lock the cylinder 70 in the first position or the second position - as will be explained in more detail below.

[0032] The cylinder housing 60 is made of a plastic and has a through-opening 63 formed coaxially with the longitudinal axis XX, which extends between a first side 61, which faces the electromagnetic actuator 5, and a second side 62. The cylinder 70 is arranged in the through-opening 63 so as to be movable along the longitudinal axis XX.

[0033] The cylinder housing 60 is firmly connected to the actuator housing 30 at a connection point 50. In the preferred embodiment shown, the cylinder housing 60 is pushed onto the first housing section 31 via a cylindrical surface of the shoulder 35 until the first side 61 of the cylinder housing 60 rests against the end face of the flange 34. Alternatively, a gap can be formed between the cylinder housing 60 and the end face of the flange 34, which gap can serve to compensate for tolerances.

[0034] Subsequently, a metal-plastic connection is established between the actuator housing 30 and the cylinder housing 60, with the metal-plastic connection particularly preferably being created by an ultrasonic welding process. Alternatively, the cylinder housing 60 can be molded directly onto the actuator housing 30 using a forming process, in particular injection molding.

[0035] In order to give the metal-plastic connection particularly good strength, both the end face of the flange 34 and the cylinder surface of the shoulder 35 can be provided with a surface enlargement, for example a corrugation or at least one undercut 36, whereby in particular high axial forces along the longitudinal axis XX can be transmitted via the metal-plastic connection.

[0036] The cylinder 70 is formed integrally from essentially two tubular sections and can be manufactured from a plastic, preferably by injection molding. The first tubular section 71 and the second tubular section 72 are connected to each other in a transition region 73.

[0037] The first section 71, together with the transition region 73 and the cylinder housing 60, encloses a pressure chamber 65, which can be sealed in a liquid-tight and airtight manner by means of seals 56. Furthermore, the first section 71 engages in a hollow cylindrical cavity enclosed between the housing sleeve 33 and the cylinder housing 60, so that the first section 71 is guided linearly on the housing sleeve 33 on the one hand and on the cylinder housing 60 on the other.

[0038] The cylinder housing 60 can have at least one control opening 66 through which a medium can be introduced into the pressure chamber 65 in order to displace the cylinder 70 from the first position to the second position along the longitudinal axis XX against the spring force of a compression spring 80. The cylinder 70 is thus a single-acting cylinder.

[0039] The cylinder 70 is guided in the first tubular section 71 on the housing sleeve 33, wherein the first tubular section 71 has a sliding bushing 75 through which the cylinder 70 is linearly mounted on the housing sleeve 33. The sliding bushing 75 can be made of a metallic material, and particularly preferably, the cylinder 70 is injection-molded onto the sliding bushing 75, whereby the latter is held in a form-fitting manner on the inner circumferential surface of the first tubular section 71 of the cylinder 70.

[0040] The sliding bushing 75 comprises a first recess 76 and a second recess 77, which are spaced apart from one another in the longitudinal axis XX and form a locking slot 74. The distance between the first recess 76 and the second recess 77 corresponds to the stroke of the cylinder 70 between the first position according to Figure 1 and the second position according to Figure 2 .

[0041] On the side of the transition region 73 facing away from the first tubular section 71, a spring shoe 78 is formed within the second tubular section 72. A parking lock tappet 85 is supported on the spring shoe 78, with the compression spring 80 holding the parking lock tappet 85 pressed against the spring shoe 78 along the longitudinal axis XX.

[0042] The second side 62 of the cylinder housing 60 is closed by a cover 67, which has a through-opening 68 through which the parking lock tappet 85 can be guided to the transmission. A sliding element that supports the parking lock tappet 85 can be arranged in the through-opening 38. The sliding element can be made of any material, for example, metal or PTFE, and can preferably be pressed into a corresponding recess in the cover 67, glued into it, or attached to the cover 67 in some other way.

[0043] The compression spring 80 can be held pre-tensioned by means of a spring plate 69 between the parking lock tappet or the spring shoe 78 and the spring plate 69 or the cover 67, so that when pressure is applied to the pressure chamber 65, the cylinder 70 is displaced in the longitudinal axis XX against the spring force of the compression spring 80 from the first position A to the second position B.

[0044] The locking actuator 1 fixes the cylinder 70 in the first position, wherein the locking actuator 1 can fix or release the cylinder 70 by means of the locking gate 20 coupled to the actuating element 10 and the at least one locking element 15.

[0045] For this purpose, the at least one locking element 15 is designed as a locking ball and is held in a recess 38 of the housing sleeve 33 or the second housing section 32 and is mounted in the recess 38 so as to be movable essentially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis XX. The recess 38 can be cylindrically shaped perpendicular to the longitudinal axis XX and correspond to the shape of the at least one locking element 15 such that the locking element 15 is mounted in the recess 38 so as to be movable smoothly perpendicular to the longitudinal axis XX. In particular, in the enlarged illustration in Figure 3It can be seen that the recess 38 has a retaining edge 39 on the side facing away from the locking gate 20, by means of which the recess 38 is tapered on the side facing the detent gate 74. The retaining edge 39 is designed to prevent the respective locking element 15 from falling out of the recess 38, in particular during assembly of the locking actuator 1 according to the invention or the parking lock 2 according to the invention. The at least one locking element 15 can engage in the first recess 76 or the second recess 77 of the detent gate 74 depending on the position of the cylinder 70 and thereby determine the relative position of the cylinder 70 to the actuator housing 30.

[0046] The locking link 20 can be fixedly arranged on the actuating element 10 and comprises a first surface 21, a wedge surface 23 and a second surface 22.

[0047] The enlarged view in Figure 3It can be seen that the wedge surface 23 connects the first surface 21 to the second surface 22 and has a pitch M1. The diameters of the first surface 21 and the second surface 22 are of different sizes. When the first surface 21 is in operative contact with the locking element 15, the locking element 15 engages in the respective recess 76, 77. If, however, the second surface 22 is in operative connection with the locking element 15, the locking element 15 can leave the respective recess 76, 77 and movement of the cylinder 70 in the longitudinal axis XX is enabled.

[0048] The first surface 21 is inclined to the wedge surface 23 with a second pitch M2, whereby the first surface 21, in contrast to the second surface 22, is not a cylindrical surface but is conical with the second pitch M2.

[0049] The gradient M1 of the wedge surface 23 is always greater in magnitude than the second gradient M2, with the first gradient M1 preferably being at least twice as great as the second gradient M2 of the first surface 21. In the illustrated embodiment, the second gradient M2 is approximately one tenth of the gradient M1, i.e. approximately 10*M2 ≈ M1, with the second gradient M2 also being able to be as low as 1 / 25*M1 or less. The gradient M1 and the second gradient M2 correspond to the mathematical gradient of a curve or line and are calculated in the illustrated embodiment based on the change in the radius of the wedge surface 23 or the first surface 21 along the longitudinal axis XX, i.e. M1 = Δr / Δx or M2 = Δr / Δx. The mathematical sign, i.e. plus (+) or minus (-), of the gradient M1 and the second gradient M2 is the same. Accordingly, the first surface 21 and the wedge surface 23 are inclined in the same direction.

[0050] The second pitch M2 of the first surface 21 can preferably be selected such that the locking element 15 and the locking gate 20 cannot be displaced in position A against the spring force of the return spring 14. When the cylinder 70 is subjected to an axial load force, the second pitch M2 of the first surface 21 significantly reduces the force required to adjust the actuating element 10. Consequently, the electromagnetic actuator 5 can be dimensioned smaller.

[0051] In position A, the locking element 15 or the locking elements 15 rest against a contact point P on the first surface 21, wherein the contact point P is arranged at a distance D from the wedge surface 23. The distance D can be 2 mm ≥ D ≥ 0.25 mm, preferably approximately 1 mm, wherein the distance D is related to a transition edge between the wedge surface 23 and the first surface 21.

[0052] The locking link 20 is placed as a sleeve 25 on the actuating element 10 and is held against a flange 26 of the actuating element 10 by means of the return spring 14. Figure 4 shows a further development of the parking lock 2 according to the Figures 1 to 3 . The Figure 4 The parking lock 2 shown differs from the previously described parking lock 2 in the design of the sliding bush 75 and the locking gate 74.

[0053] As shown in the illustrated embodiment, the sliding bushing 75 may have only a first recess 76, into which the locking element 15 is formed for securing the cylinder 70 in the first position—as previously described. The second recess 76 may be formed by an end portion of the sliding bushing 75 and the piston 70, thereby achieving material savings and a further weight reduction.

[0054] The recess 76 is trapezoidal and has two surfaces F1, F2, each with a contact area C1 and C2. The locking element 15 contacts the recess 76 at the respective contact area C1 and C2 when it engages the locking gate 74.

[0055] The recess 76 has an open side on the side facing the longitudinal axis XX, the length of which—measured parallel to the longitudinal axis XX—is smaller than the length of the locking element 15, also measured parallel to the longitudinal axis XX. Furthermore, it can be seen that the two surfaces F1 and F2 are arranged at an angle to one another and enclose an opening angle β of approximately 90°. The recess 76 tapers with increasing distance from the longitudinal axis XX.

[0056] When the locking element 15 engages the recess 76, the two contact areas C1 and C2 are spaced apart from a line L. The line L protrudes radially or perpendicularly from the longitudinal axis XX and passes through a geometric center point S of the locking element. The two contact areas C1 and C2 are arranged in the longitudinal axis XX on opposite sides of the line L.

[0057] The locking element 15 can be designed in any desired manner, but a locking ball with a substantially constant diameter is preferred. In this case, a line runs through the center S of the locking ball, and the two contact areas C1 and C2 are arranged on either side of the line at a distance from the line. The distance along the longitudinal axis XX between the two contact areas C1 and C2 is smaller than the diameter of the locking ball and larger than approximately 1 / 10 of the diameter of the locking ball.

[0058] When the locking element 15 contacts the contact areas C1, C2, which ideally are also contact points when deformations and friction are neglected, the recess 76, a resulting force in these contact areas C1, C2 does not act parallel or perpendicular to the longitudinal axis XX, but preferably at an angle of approximately 45° to the longitudinal axis, whereby the force for unlocking the locking device 1 of the parking lock 2 is reduced. List of reference symbols

[0059] 1 Locking actuator 2 Parking lock 5 Actuator 7 Coil 8 Armature 9 Pole cover 10 Actuating element 11 First side 12 Second side 14 Return spring 15 Locking element 20 Locking gate 21 First surface 22 Second surface 23 Wedge surface 25 Sleeve 26 Flange 30 Actuator housing 31 First housing section 32 Second housing section 33 Housing sleeve 34 Flange 35 Shoulder 36 Undercut 38 Recess 39 Retaining edge 50 Connection point 56 Seal 60 Cylinder housing 61 First side 62 Second side 63 Through-hole 65 Pressure chamber 66 Control opening 67 Cover 68 Through-hole 69 Spring plate 70 Cylinder 71 First section 72 Second section 73Transition area 74Locking gate 75Sliding bush 76First recess 77Second recess 78Spring shoe 80Compression spring 85Parking lock tappet C1Contact area C2Contact area DAdistance FFarea LLine M1First slope of 23 M2Second slope of 21 and / or 22 PContact point SGeometric center of 15 X-XLongitudinal axis βOpening angle

Claims

1. Electromagnetic lock actuator (1) of a parking lock (2) which is arranged in a longitudinal axis (X-X), comprising: - a movable and actuatable adjusting element (10) which is movable into a first position (A) for fixing a cylinder (70) and into a second position (B) for releasing a cylinder (70) and comprises a locking link (20), wherein the electromagnetic lock actuator (1) has a starting position and an end position, and the starting position corresponds to the non-actuated, deenergised state of the lock actuator (1) and the end position corresponds to the actuated, energised state of the lock actuator (1), - at least one lock element (15) which is held so as to be displaceable relative to the locking link (20), - wherein the locking link (20) comprises a first surface (21) and a second surface (22) which are connected by a wedge surface (23) having a gradient (M1), and - wherein the first surface (21) in the first position (A) and a second surface (22) in the second position (B) are in operative contact with the at least one lock element (15), Wherein at least one first surface (21) is inclined relative to the wedge surface (23) with a second gradient (M2), Wherein the first surface (21) and the wedge surface (23) are inclined in the same direction, and Wherein the gradient (M1) of the wedge surface (23) is greater, in terms of amount, than the second gradient (M2), wherein a return spring (14) holds the adjusting element (10) in a manner preloaded in the first position (A) in an actuator starting position, and the locking link (20) holds the at least one lock element (15) in the position fixing the cylinder (70) of the parking lock (2), and wherein the locking link (20) is placed on the adjusting element (10) as a sleeve (25) and is held against a flange (26) of the adjusting element (10) by means of the return spring (14).

2. Electromagnetic lock actuator (1) according to claim 1, characterised in that the gradient (M1) of the wedge surface (23) and the second gradient (M2) of the at least one first and / or the second surface is at most 2:1.

3. Electromagnetic lock actuator (1) according to either of claims 1 and 2, characterised in that the adjusting element (10) is linearly movable in the longitudinal axis (X-X), or in that the adjusting element (10) is rotatably movable about the longitudinal axis (X-X).

4. Electromagnetic lock actuator (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that an actuator housing (30) is provided, and in that the adjusting element (10) and / or the at least one lock element (15) is or are mounted in the actuator housing.

5. Electromagnetic lock actuator (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the at least one lock element (15) is a locking sphere or a locking pin.

6. Parking lock (2), in particular for use in a motor vehicle having an automatic transmission, comprising an electromagnetic lock actuator (1) according to any of claims 1 to 5 and a liftable cylinder (70), wherein the cylinder (70) comprises a latching link (74) into which the lock element (15) can engage in the first position (A) or the second position (B).

7. Parking lock (2) according to claim 6, characterised in that the latching link (74) comprises at least one recess (76, 77), in that the at least one recess (76, 77) is formed by at least one surface (A), in that the at least one surface (F) comprises two contact regions (C1, C2) at which the lock element (15) contacts the recess (76, 77) in the first position (A) or the second position (B), and in that the two contact regions (C1, C2) are arranged spaced apart from a line (L) that extends through a geometric centre point (S) of the lock element (15).

8. Parking lock (2) according to claim 7, characterised in that the two contact regions (C1, C2) are arranged on opposite sides of the line (L) in the longitudinal axis (X-X).

9. Parking lock (2) according to either claim 7 or claim 8, characterised in that the at least one recess (76, 77) is U-shaped, V-shaped or trapezoidal.

10. Motor vehicle comprising an automatic transmission, comprising at least one parking lock (2) according to claim 6.