ON-LOAD TAP-CHANGER AND TAP TRANSFORMER WITH ON-LOAD TAP-CHANGER

Description

[0001] The invention relates to an on-load tap changer for uninterrupted load switching between different winding taps of a tapped transformer.

[0002] Furthermore, the invention relates to a tap-changer with an on-load tap-changer for uninterrupted load switching between different winding taps of the tap-changer.

[0003] On-load tap-changers are well-known and usually consist of a diverter switch and a selector. The diverter switch, with its vacuum interrupters and switching resistors, is housed in a cylindrical housing. The selector is constructed from a plurality of bars arranged in a circle. Contacts are arranged at different levels on these bars, which serve as connections for a regulating winding. Within the selector, two selector arms are attached to a switch column. These arms contact the contacts on the bars. The diverter switch and selector are connected to each other via a gear mechanism.

[0004] The selector contacts are connected to the winding taps of a regulating winding. Because the contacts are arranged in a circle, the leads to the regulating winding must sometimes be very long. The leads in the tapped transformer require a particularly large amount of space, as the prescribed insulation distances between the leads must be maintained.

[0005] From document DE 197 43 864 C1, an on-load tap-changer according to the preamble of claim 1 is known. Further on-load tap-changers, each mounted on a plate, are known from documents DE 10 2012 103 490 A1, DE 10 2012 105 152 A1 and DE 10 2016 117 526 B3.

[0006] The object of the invention is to create an on-load tap-changer which has a simple and compact design and can thus be installed easily and in a space-saving manner in a tap-changer.

[0007] This object is achieved with an on-load tap-changer according to claim 1. The features of the subclaims constitute advantageous developments of the invention.

[0008] Another object of the invention is to provide a tap-changer with an on-load tap-changer which is simple and compact in design.

[0009] This object is achieved with a step-down transformer according to claim 5. The features of the subclaims constitute advantageous developments of the invention.

[0010] According to a first aspect, the invention proposes an on-load tap-changer for uninterrupted load switching between different winding taps of a tapped transformer, comprising an on-load tap-changer plate, a selector and a load diverter switch, wherein the selector and the load diverter switch are mounted on the on-load tap-changer plate.

[0011] By mounting the diverter switch and selector, and especially their individual components, on an on-load tap-changer plate, the on-load tap-changer becomes smaller and more compact overall. Compared to state-of-the-art on-load tap-changers, an on-load tap-changer plate can be installed in a tap-changer transformer in a particularly space-saving manner and can be connected to other on-load tap-changer plates in a variety of ways.

[0012] According to the invention, the load changeover switch comprises a vacuum interrupter, a switching resistor and a bridge switch.

[0013] The load changeover switch can be designed in any desired manner as required and can, for example, comprise at least one additional or further vacuum interrupter and / or one additional or further switching resistor and / or one additional or further bridge switch.

[0014] The diverter switch can be designed in any desired manner and, for example, can comprise at least one current-limiting element or a terminal for a current-limiting element. The current-limiting element can be designed as a switching resistor, reactance, varistor, or the like.

[0015] The vacuum interrupter can be mounted on a first side of the on-load tap-changer plate, while the transfer resistor and bridge switch are mounted on a second, opposite side of the on-load tap-changer plate. This is particularly space-saving, as the essential components are distributed on both sides of the on-load tap-changer plate. The installation space is optimally utilized.

[0016] The on-load tap-changer can be designed in any desired manner as required and, for example, can have the vacuum interrupter and / or the transition resistor and / or the bridge switch arranged only on the first side or only on the second side.

[0017] According to the invention, the selector comprises a first selector arm, a second selector arm, and selector contacts. The selector contacts extend from a first side of the on-load tap-changer plate to a second side of the on-load tap-changer plate. The selector further comprises a preselector.

[0018] According to the invention, it is provided that the first selector arm is mounted on the first side of the on-load tap-changer plate and the second selector arm and the pre-selector are mounted on the second, opposite side of the on-load tap-changer plate.

[0019] The selector can be configured in any way, as needed, and can be either rotary or linear. The preselector can also be rotary or linear.

[0020] The on-load tap-changer plate can be designed in a cuboid shape, with terminals for the selector located on one side in a wall element. The targeted arrangement of the selector terminals on one side facilitates their connection to the winding taps of a regulating winding of a tapped transformer.

[0021] The on-load tap-changer can be configured with three on-load tap-changer plates, each with a diverter switch and a selector. The three on-load tap-changer plates are then mechanically connected to each other via a frame. The diverter switches and selectors on the on-load tap-changer plates are actuated via a common drive shaft using a Geneva wheel, driver, gear, or similar device.

[0022] The frame can be designed in any desired manner, for example, consisting of four rods and a head plate. The on-load tap-changer plates are then positively and / or non-positively connected to the rods.

[0023] The on-load tap-changer plates can be arranged in any direction relative to each other. For example, the on-load tap-changer plates can be arranged horizontally or vertically on different levels. Furthermore, the on-load tap-changer plates can be arranged horizontally or vertically on a common level.

[0024] According to a second aspect, the invention proposes a tap-changer with an on-load tap-changer which is arranged inside the tap-changer next to, above or below an active part.

[0025] It can be provided that the on-load tap-changer plate of the on-load tap-changer is aligned horizontally or vertically to the active part.

[0026] It can be provided that a motor for actuating a drive shaft of the on-load tap-changer is arranged inside the tap-changer or outside the tap-changer.

[0027] It may be provided that a motor is connected directly to the drive shaft or indirectly via a gearbox, angle gear or linkage to the drive shaft of the on-load tap-changer.

[0028] It can be provided that the on-load tap-changer is attached via a head plate to the yoke of the active part or to the housing, in particular the cover or a wall of the tap-changer.

[0029] The invention and its advantages are described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. They show: Fig. 1a and 1b show a first embodiment of an on-load tap-changer; Fig. 2 shows a second embodiment of the on-load tap-changer; Figs. 3 to 14 show a tap-changer with different embodiments and arrangements of the on-load tap-changer.

[0030] Identical reference numerals are used for identical or equivalently functioning elements of the invention. Furthermore, for the sake of clarity, only those reference numerals are shown in the individual figures that are necessary for the description of the respective figure. The illustrated embodiments merely represent examples of how the on-load tap-changer according to the invention can be designed; and thus do not represent a conclusive limitation of the invention.

[0031] Figure 1a and 1bshow an on-load tap-changer 1 according to the invention. This has a substantially rectangular on-load tap-changer plate 2, which is designed as a cuboid, rectangular, or rectangular flat. The on-load tap-changer plate 2 has a first side 3 and a second, opposite side 4. A selector 5 and a diverter switch 6 are mounted on the on-load tap-changer plate 2. The diverter switch 6 has a vacuum interrupter 7, a transfer resistor 8, and a bridge switch 9. The selector 5 has a first selector arm 5.1 and a second selector arm 5.2. Furthermore, the selector 5 has selector contacts which are connected via corresponding connections 10 to winding taps (not shown here) of a regulating winding.

[0032] In the embodiment shown here, the selector 5 is designed to rotate. The selector contacts are arranged in a circle and extend from the first side 3 through the on-load tap-changer plate 2 to the second side 4. The selector arms 5.1, 5.2 are rotatably mounted on a bearing axis and perform a rotary movement, during which the corresponding selector contacts are contacted. The first selector arm 5.1 is arranged on the first side 3 of the on-load tap-changer plate 2, and the second selector arm 5.2 is arranged on the second, opposite side 4. The selector contacts are also arranged on both sides 3, 4 of the on-load tap-changer plate 2.

[0033] In this embodiment, the individual parts of the diverter switch 6 are also arranged on the first side 3 and the second side 4 of the on-load tap-changer plate 2. The bridge switch 9 is mounted on the second side 4. The vacuum interrupter 7 and the transfer resistor 8 are mounted on the first side 3. However, it is possible to mount or arrange all parts of the diverter switch 6 on the first or second side 3, 4 of the on-load tap-changer plate 2.

[0034] In the embodiment shown here, the on-load tap-changer 1 has exactly one vacuum interrupter 7 and exactly one bridge switch 9. However, it is also possible for several vacuum interrupters, several bridge switches, and even additional switches or switching contacts to be mounted on the on-load tap-changer plate 2. The transition resistor 8 has a modular design and can be expanded, i.e., enlarged or reduced in size, depending on requirements.

[0035] The on-load tap-changer plate 2 is made of an insulating material such as plastic, polyamide, polyphthalamide with glass fibers, GRP, or laminated paper. The on-load tap-changer plate 2 can be designed as a plastic injection molding.

[0036] The on-load tap-changer plate 2 has wall elements 11, 12 on the outer edges. The terminals 10 of the selector 5 and, in particular, the selector contacts are arranged in a first wall element 11 of the on-load tap-changer plate 2. The terminal for the star point is arranged in an opposite second wall element 12 on a second outer edge of the on-load tap-changer plate 2. Because all terminals 10 of the selector 5 are arranged in one wall element 11, i.e., on one side of the on-load tap-changer plate 2, the on-load tap-changer 2 can be optimally aligned or positioned in the direction of the regulating winding. Connecting the selector 5 to the regulating winding is particularly simple.

[0037] Alternatively, instead of the transition resistor 8, any current-limiting element can be arranged or mounted on the on-load tap-changer plate 2. This can be a reactance in the form of a coil or winding or even a varistor. Alternatively, connections can be provided on the on-load tap-changer plate that allow, for example, the connection of a reactance located in the immediate vicinity of the on-load tap-changer plate.

[0038] Figure 2shows the on-load tap-changer 1 according to the invention with three on-load tap-changer plates 2. These are mechanically connected to one another via four rods 20 and a head plate 21. The rods 20 and the head plate 21 form a frame 22. A motor 23 for actuating the on-load tap-changer 1 is arranged on the head plate 21. The motor 23 drives a drive shaft 24 which extends through the three on-load tap-changer plates 2 and in the process actuates the respective load diverter switches 6 and selectors 5. In the embodiment shown here, the three on-load tap-changer plates 2 are arranged horizontally one above the other in three planes. However, it is also possible to arrange the three on-load tap-changer plates 2 next to one another in one plane. Furthermore, it is possible to combine only a single on-load tap-changer plate 2 and one head plate 21. A motor 23 is then also arranged on the head plate 21, which actuates the on-load tap-changer 1 via the drive shaft 24.The connections 10 of the individual selectors 5 are arranged on one side of the on-load tap-changer plate or aligned in a common direction.

[0039] Figure 3 shows a first embodiment of a tap-changer 30 with an on-load tap-changer 1 according to the invention. The on-load tap-changer 1 comprises three on-load tap-changer plates 2, which are aligned horizontally and arranged one above the other next to an active part 31. The motor 23 is arranged on the head plate 21 inside the tap-changer 30. The motor 23 is supplied with power via the control unit 14 via a cable 32, which is led from the interior of the tap-changer 30 to the outside. The on-load tap-changer 1 is fastened to the yoke 33 of the active part 31 or to the cover 34 of the tap-changer 30. The terminals 10 of the selectors are preferably directed towards the active part 31 and thus to the taps of the regulating winding.

[0040] Figure 4shows a further embodiment of a tap-changer 30, in which the motor 23 of the on-load tap-changer 1 is arranged outside the tap-changer 30; here on the cover 34. The motor 23 can also be mounted on any other outer wall of the tap-changer 30. In this case, however, the motor is connected to the on-load tap-changer 2, and in particular to its drive shaft 24, via a linkage or angular gear. The on-load tap-changer 1 can be attached to the yoke 33 of the active part 31 or to the cover 34 via the head plate 21.

[0041] Figure 5shows a further embodiment of a tap-changer 30 with an on-load tap-changer 1. The on-load tap-changer 1 is arranged above the active part 31. The on-load tap-changer 1 has three on-load tap-changer plates 2 arranged vertically next to one another. Here, too, the motor 23 is arranged on the head plate 21 inside the tap-changer 30. The on-load tap-changer 1 can be attached via the head plate 21 to the yoke 33 of the active part 31 or to the cover 34. The motor 23 of the on-load tap-changer 1 can also be arranged outside the tap-changer 30.

[0042] Figure 6shows a further embodiment of a tap-changer 30 with an on-load tap-changer 1. The on-load tap-changer 1 is arranged below the active part 31. The on-load tap-changer 1 has three on-load tap-changer plates 2 arranged vertically next to one another. Here, too, the motor 23 is arranged on the head plate 21 inside the tap-changer 30. The on-load tap-changer 1 can be attached via the head plate 21 to the yoke 33 of the active part 31 or to the base part. The motor 23 of the on-load tap-changer 1 can also be arranged outside the tap-changer 30.

[0043] Figure 7shows a further embodiment of a tap-changer 30 with an on-load tap-changer 1. The on-load tap-changer 1 is arranged above the active part 31. The on-load tap-changer 1 has three on-load tap-changer plates 2 arranged horizontally next to one another in one plane. Here, too, the motor 23 is arranged on the head plate 21 inside the tap-changer 30. This arrangement of the on-load tap-changer plates 2 in one plane is particularly space-saving. The on-load tap-changer 1 can be attached via the head plate 21 to the yoke 33 of the active part 31 or to the cover 34. The motor 23 of the on-load tap-changer 1 can also be arranged outside the tap-changer 30.

[0044] Figure 8shows a further embodiment of a tap-changer 30 with an on-load tap-changer 2. The on-load tap-changer 2 is arranged below the active part 31. The on-load tap-changer 1 has three on-load tap-changer plates 2 arranged horizontally next to one another in one plane. Here, too, the motor 23 is arranged on the head plate 21 inside the tap-changer 30. The on-load tap-changer 1 can be attached via the head plate 21 to the yoke 33 of the active part 31 or to the base part. The motor 23 of the on-load tap-changer 1 can also be arranged outside the tap-changer 30.

[0045] Figure 9shows a further embodiment of a tap-changer 30 with an on-load tap-changer 1. The on-load tap-changer 1 is arranged next to the active part 31. The on-load tap-changer 1 has three on-load tap-changer plates 2, which are arranged horizontally one below the other in a plane. Here, too, the motor 23 is arranged on the head plate 21 inside the tap-changer 30. This arrangement variant is also particularly space-saving. The on-load tap-changer 1 can therefore be mounted particularly close to the active part 31. The on-load tap-changer 1 can be fastened via the head plate 21 to the yoke 33 of the active part 31 or to the cover 34. The motor 23 of the on-load tap-changer 1 can also be arranged outside the tap-changer 30.

[0046] Figure 10shows a further embodiment of a tap-changer 30 with an on-load tap-changer 1. The on-load tap-changer 1 is arranged below the active part 31. The on-load tap-changer 1 has three on-load tap-changer plates 2 arranged horizontally next to one another in one plane. Here, too, the motor 23 is arranged on the head plate 21 inside the tap-changer 30. The on-load tap-changer 1 can be attached via the head plate 21 to the yoke 33 of the active part 31 or to the base part. The motor 23 of the on-load tap-changer 1 can also be arranged outside the tap-changer 30.

[0047] Figure 11shows a further embodiment of a tap-changer 30 with an on-load tap-changer 1. The on-load tap-changer 1 is arranged above the active part 31. The on-load tap-changer 1 has three on-load tap-changer plates 2, which are arranged horizontally next to one another in a plane. Here, too, the motor 23 is arranged on the head plate 21 inside the tap-changer 30. The on-load tap-changer 1 can be attached via the head plate 21 to the yoke 33 of the active part 31 or to the cover 34. The motor 23 of the on-load tap-changer 1 can also be arranged outside the tap-changer 30.

[0048] Figure 12shows a further embodiment of a tap-changer 30 with an on-load tap-changer 1. The on-load tap-changer 1 is arranged in front of, behind, or next to the active part 31. The on-load tap-changer 1 has three on-load tap-changer plates 2, which are arranged horizontally next to one another in one plane. Here, too, the motor 23 is arranged on the head plate 21 inside the tap-changer 30. This arrangement variant is also particularly space-saving. The on-load tap-changer 1 can therefore be mounted particularly close to the active part 31. The on-load tap-changer 1 can be fastened via the head plate 21 to the yoke 33 of the active part 31, the cover 34, or a wall. The motor 23 of the on-load tap-changer 1 can also be arranged outside the tap-changer 30.

[0049] Figure 13shows a further embodiment of a tap-changer 30 with an on-load tap-changer 1. The on-load tap-changer 1 is arranged next to the active part 31 in the upper area. The on-load tap-changer 1 has three on-load tap-changer plates 2 arranged horizontally one behind the other. Here, too, the motor 23 is arranged on the head plate 21 inside the tap-changer 30. This arrangement variant is also particularly space-saving. The on-load tap-changer 1 can therefore be mounted particularly close to the active part 31. The housing of the tap-changer 30 can be designed to be particularly space-saving. The volume below the on-load tap-changer 1 can be omitted. The on-load tap-changer 1 can be attached to the yoke 33 of the active part 31 or to the cover 34 via the head plate 21. The motor 23 of the on-load tap-changer 1 can also be arranged outside the tap-changer 30.

[0050] Figure 14shows another embodiment of a tap-changer 30 with three on-load tap-changers 1. Each on-load tap-changer 1 has a head plate 21 and an on-load tap-changer plate 2. Furthermore, a motor 23 is arranged on each head plate 21. All motors 23 are connected to a control unit 14 outside the tap-changer 30. Depending on requirements, the individual on-load tap-changers 1 can be arranged differently near the active part. This embodiment is also particularly space-saving. The housing of the tap-changer 30 can be designed to be particularly space-saving.

[0051] According to a further embodiment not shown here, the on-load tap-changer 1 can also be arranged outside the tap-changer transformer 30. This is then screwed or attached to the tap-changer in a separate housing. Here, too, the motor 23 can be arranged outside the housing of the on-load tap-changer 1 or inside the housing of the on-load tap-changer 1. List of reference symbols

[0052] 1 On-load tap-changer 2 On-load tap-changer plate 3 First side 4 Second side 5 Selector 5.1 First selector arm 5.2 Second selector arm 6 Diverter switch 7 Vacuum interrupter 8 Transfer resistor 9 Bridge switch 10 Connections 11 First wall element 12 Second wall element 13 Selector 14 Control unit 20 Rod 21 Head plate 22 Frame 23 Motor 24 Drive shaft 30 Tap transformer 31 Active part 32 Cable 33 Yoke 34 Cover

Claims

1. On-load tap-changer (1) for uninterrupted diverter switch operation between different winding taps of a tapped transformer (30), comprising: - a on-load tap-changer plate (2), - a selector (5), - a diverter switch (6), where: - the selector (5) and the diverter switch (6) are mounted on the on-load tap-changer plate (2), - the diverter switch (6) comprises a vacuum interrupter (7) and a bridge switch (9), characterized in that - the diverter switch (8) comprises a transition resistor (8) - the selector (5) comprises a first selector arm (5.1), a second selector arm (5.2) and a change-over selector (13), - the first selector arm (5.1) is mounted on the first side (3) of the on-load tap-changer plate (2) and the second selector arm (5.2) and the change-over selector (13) are mounted on the second, opposite side (4) of the on-load tap-changer plate (2).

2. On-load tap-changer (1) according to claim 1, wherein - the vacuum interrupter (7) is mounted on a first side (3) of the on-load tap-changer plate (2) and the transition resistor (8) and the bridge switch (9) are mounted on a second, opposite side (4) of the on-load tap-changer plate (2).

3. On-load tap-changer (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein - the on-load tap-changer plate (2) is rectangular in shape and has a first wall element (11); - connections (10) for the selector (5) are arranged in the first wall element.

4. On-load tap-changer (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein - three on-load tap-changer plates (2) are provided, each with a diverter switch (6) and a selector (5); - the three on-load tap-changer plates (2) are mechanically connected to each other via a frame (22); - the diverter switch (6) and selector (5) on the on-load tap-changer plates (2) are actuated via a common drive shaft (24).

5. Tap-changing transformer (30) with an on-load tap-changer (1) according to claim 1 to 4, wherein - the tap-changing transformer (30) comprises a housing; - an active part (31) is arranged in an interior of the step transformer (30); - the on-load tap-changer (1) is arranged inside the tapped transformer next to or above or below the active part (31).

6. Tap-changing transformer (30) according to claim 5, comprising an on-load tap-changer (1) according to claim 4, wherein - the on-load tap-changer plates (2) of the on-load tap-changer (1) are arranged horizontally or vertically, and are arranged in different planes or in a common plane relative to one another.

7. Tap-changing transformer (30) according to claim 5 or 6, wherein - the tap-changing transformer (30) comprises a motor (23) for actuating a drive shaft (24) of the on-load tap-changer (1), and wherein the motor is arranged inside or outside the housing of the tap-changing transformer (30).