TEMPERATURE MEASURING DEVICE FOR A STATOR OF AN ELECTRICAL MACHINE WITH HAIRPIN OR ROD SHAFT WINDINGS

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a temperature measuring device for a stator of an electrical machine with hairpin or bar wave windings, which serves to measure the temperature of the stator. Furthermore, the invention relates to an electrical machine with hairpin or bar wave windings.

[0002] For the development of electrical machines, in particular electrical machines for electric hybrid vehicles as well as for electric vehicles or for wheel hub drives, various winding technologies for the stator of the electrical machines are known.

[0003] For example, an arrangement for detecting the temperature of a stator winding of an electrical machine according to DE 10 2013 201 835 A1 is known from the prior art.

[0004] In this arrangement, a temperature sensor, which is arranged on a lance, can be inserted in a self-supporting manner between two stator winding sections.

[0005] The temperature sensor is arranged in a housing of the electrical machine via a connecting conductor alignment element and is further protected by an outer plastic cover.

[0006] Such a design is not suitable for a particularly dense or compact winding, such as the so-called hairpin or rod wave winding, since the spaces between individual winding sections are very small.

[0007] In other words, temperature detection is difficult with such windings (hairpin or rod wave winding) because they are wound or populated very tightly, so that a conventional temperature sensor cannot be inserted between the windings or the respective wires, or can only be inserted with great difficulty and effort.

[0008] A temperature measuring device according to the preamble of claim 1 is disclosed in DE 102017210433. For further prior art, reference is made to EP 3252447 A1, WO 2019063207 A1, JP 2003092858 A, WO 2019087568 A1, JP 2012175861 A, JP 2010213544 A, WO 2018189813 A1.

[0009] Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a temperature measuring device for a stator of an electrical machine with hairpin or bar wave windings and for measuring the temperature of the stator as well as an electrical machine with hairpin or bar wave windings, which ensures a cost-effective and simple as well as preferably permanent and consistent thermal connection of a temperature sensor to a hairpin or bar wave winding of a stator.

[0010] Furthermore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a temperature measuring device and an electrical machine which compensate for manufacturing and material tolerances as well as movements due to vibrations and temperature changes.

[0011] These objects are achieved according to the invention by the features of the independent patent claims. Further advantageous developments are the subject of the dependent claims.

[0012] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a temperature measuring device for a stator of an electrical machine with hairpin or bar wave windings and for measuring the temperature of the stator comprises: a sensor device for measuring the temperature of the stator, and a holding device for holding the sensor device to a winding of the stator.

[0013] Furthermore, the holding device is designed to engage behind at least one winding of the stator and to engage thereon.

[0014] According to the invention, the holding device has a receiving part for the sensor device and at least one locking part for locking to at least one winding of the stator and / or at least one positioning part for positioning the temperature measuring device on a winding.

[0015] Furthermore, the at least one positioning part extends in the radial direction away from the receiving part of the holding device.

[0016] In a further development, at least one positioning part is cuboid-shaped.

[0017] To put it another way, it is preferred that the holding device is designed to press the sensor device on an outer side of the hollow-cylindrical stator against a winding or against the winding geometry or an insulating paper and to engage it, in particular releasably, on an inner side against at least one winding of the hollow-cylindrical stator. In this way, a cost-effective, simple and preferably permanent and, above all, releasable connection of a sensor device to a hairpin or bar wave winding of a stator can be ensured. Furthermore, manufacturing and material tolerances of a stator as well as its movements during operation of the electrical machine due to vibrations and temperature changes can be compensated for, since the sensor device is no longer arranged inside the stator, as in the prior art, but outside.This also ensures a consistent thermal connection of the sensor device to a hairpin or rod wave winding.

[0018] According to the invention, the receiving part is formed and aligned in a first plane and the at least one locking part is formed and aligned in a second plane.

[0019] It can be provided that the first and second planes intersect; according to the invention, they are aligned perpendicular to each other.

[0020] It is also advantageous if the holding device has a first and a second end in the axial direction.

[0021] Preferably, the at least one positioning part is arranged at the first end.

[0022] Furthermore, it is advantageous if the at least one locking part is arranged, in particular resiliently, at the first end. In this way, a force can be generated by means of the resilient design.

[0023] Advantageously, the at least one positioning part and the at least one locking part are spaced apart from one another in the circumferential direction.

[0024] According to the invention, the at least one locking part has a first and a second end in the radial direction, wherein the at least one locking part is connected, in particular integrally, to the receiving part of the holding device at its first end. A one-piece design simplifies manufacturing and assembly work and reduces costs.

[0025] Furthermore, it is provided according to the invention that the at least one locking part extends cantilevered in the radial direction from the receiving part.

[0026] It is also provided according to the invention that the at least one locking part has a locking part, in particular a hook, at its second end for engaging behind and locking onto a winding.

[0027] According to the invention, the at least one locking part has a spring element which is arranged between the first and second ends of the locking part in order to press the sensor device against a winding or an insulating paper with a spring force.

[0028] It is also advantageous if the spring element has a sigma-shaped or E-shaped profile, especially in the second plane. The spring element preferably has the task of generating a force in the second plane, which creates a clamping force to fix the temperature measuring device in place.

[0029] In addition, it can be provided that the holding device comprises two locking parts which are spaced apart from one another in the circumferential direction.

[0030] Preferably, the at least one positioning part is arranged at the first end of the holding device.

[0031] It is also advantageous if at least one positioning part is connected in one piece to the receiving part.

[0032] The invention also provides that the holding device comprises two positioning parts which are spaced apart from one another in the circumferential direction.

[0033] Furthermore, it is conceivable that the two positioning parts are spaced apart from each other in such a way that the sensor device can be arranged between them.

[0034] Furthermore, it is possible for the at least one positioning part and the at least one locking part to extend from the receiving part in the same direction, in particular in the same second plane.

[0035] Advantageously, the receiving part has a receiving section, in particular designed as a recess, for receiving the sensor device.

[0036] Furthermore, it is advantageous if the receiving section extends from the first to the second end of the holding device.

[0037] It is also advantageous if the temperature measuring device comprises an alignment element which is arranged in the receiving section and aligns the sensor device with a winding of the stator.

[0038] In other words, it is preferred that the temperature measuring device comprises an alignment element which is arranged between the holding device and the sensor device in order to exert a force on the sensor device so that the sensor device can be pressed against a winding over a large area.

[0039] Preferably, the alignment element extends along the receiving portion.

[0040] Furthermore, it can be provided that the alignment element is made of a plastic, in particular of a preferably soft elastomer material. In this way, a consistent thermal connection of the sensor device to a hairpin or bar wave winding can be ensured. In other words, the alignment element is designed to deform in such a way that the sensor device is always pressed as optimally as possible against a hairpin or bar wave winding of an electrical machine, in order to ensure the largest possible surface area of ​​the sensor device in contact with a wave winding.

[0041] Preferably, the sensor device comprises a temperature sensor.

[0042] It is also preferred that the sensor device comprises a cable connection for connecting a temperature sensor to an evaluation unit.

[0043] Preferably, the cable connection is at least partially connected to the holding device, in particular partially cast into it.

[0044] Advantageously, the sensor device has a first and a second end in the axial direction, wherein the temperature sensor is preferably arranged at the first end and the cable connection is arranged at the second end.

[0045] Furthermore, it is advantageous if the sensor device comprises a protective device, in particular a PTFE sheath, for example in the form of a shrink tube, which encloses the temperature sensor, in particular completely, and at least partially the cable connection.

[0046] Furthermore, it is advantageous if the sensor device is adapted to a receiving section of the holding device in terms of shape and size. Of course, it is also possible for the receiving section to be adapted to the geometry of the sensor device.

[0047] Finally, it should be noted that the temperature measuring device may be made of plastic.

[0048] A second aspect of the present invention includes an electrical machine with hairpin or bar wave windings.

[0049] It is expressly pointed out that the features of the temperature measuring device, as mentioned under the first aspect, can be used individually or in combination with one another in the electrical machine.

[0050] In other words, the features relating to the temperature measuring device mentioned above under the first aspect of the invention can also be combined with further features here under the second aspect of the invention.

[0051] Preferably, an electrical machine with hairpin or bar wave windings comprises: a hollow cylindrical stator, in particular manufactured with hairpin or bar wave windings, with at least one winding, and a temperature measuring device according to the first aspect.

[0052] Furthermore, it is preferred that the temperature measuring device with its sensor device is arranged on a first winding and two locking parts are each locked onto a further winding in order to hold the temperature measuring device in position on the stator.

[0053] Preferably, the locking parts are of such a length that they extend from the outer surface of the stator to its inner surface. In other words, it is advantageous if the locking parts extend through the wall thickness of the hollow cylindrical stator, while the temperature measuring device is located on the outside or outer surface of the stator.

[0054] In the following, the inventive concept presented above is additionally expressed in other words.

[0055] This idea preferably consists - in simplified form - in mounting a temperature sensor or a sensor device by means of a clip or a holding device on a hairpin or bar wave winding of a stator.

[0056] By means of an alignment element, preferably made of an elastomer, the radial and tangential compensation of manufacturing and material tolerances, as well as the compensation of movements due to vibrations and temperature changes, is preferably compensated, ensuring a permanent and consistent thermal connection. Such a concept is characterized by particularly simple and reliable manufacturing.

[0057] The invention is explained in more detail below using an exemplary embodiment in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The drawings schematically show: Fig. 1 a spatial view of a temperature measuring device according to the invention for a stator of an electrical machine; Fig. 2 a spatial view of a sensor device from Figure 1; and Fig. 3 to 6 different side views and different spatial views of a partial section of an electrical machine with a temperature measuring device according to the invention from Figure 1 .

[0058] In the following description, the same reference symbols are used for the same items.

[0059] Figure 1 shows a spatial view of a temperature measuring device 1 according to the invention for a stator 31 of an electrical machine 30.

[0060] Shown in more detail Figure 1a temperature measuring device 1 for a stator 31 of an electrical machine 30 with hairpin or bar wave windings 32, 33, 34 and for measuring the temperature of the stator 31.

[0061] Here, the temperature measuring device 1 has a sensor device 2 for measuring the temperature of the stator 31 and a holding device 3 for holding the sensor device 2 on a winding 32 of the stator 31.

[0062] The holding device 3 is designed to engage behind two windings 33, 34 of the stator 31 and to engage thereon (cf. e.g. Figures 3 to 6 ).

[0063] Furthermore, Figure 1 that the holding device 3 has a receiving part 4 for the sensor device 2, two locking parts 5, 6 for locking on a winding 32 of the stator 31 and two positioning parts 7, 8 for positioning the temperature measuring device 1 on a winding 32.

[0064] According to Figure 1The receiving part 4 is formed and aligned in a first plane E1 and the two locking parts 5, 6 are formed and aligned in a second plane E2, wherein the first and second planes E1, E2 are aligned perpendicular to each other.

[0065] The holding device 3 has a first end 9 and a second end 10 in the axial direction A, wherein the two positioning parts 7, 8 and the two locking parts 5, 6 are arranged at the first end 9.

[0066] How Figure 1 As can also be seen, the two locking parts 5, 6 are spaced apart from one another in the circumferential direction U and each have a first 11 and a second end 12 in the radial direction R, wherein each locking part 5, 6 is integrally connected with its first end 11 to the receiving part 4 of the holding device 3.

[0067] Each locking part 5, 6 also extends in a cantilevered manner in the radial direction R from the receiving part 4, wherein each locking part 5, 6 has at its second end 12 a locking element 13, designed as a hook, for engaging behind and locking onto a winding 33, 34 or onto an insulating paper of the electrical machine 30 (see also Figures 3 to 6 ).

[0068] A spring element 14 is arranged between the first 11 and second end 12 of the locking part 5, 6 in order to press the sensor device 2 against a winding 32 with a spring force.

[0069] The spring element 14 has a sigma-shaped or E-shaped profile, particularly in the second plane E2. This profile can appear differently depending on the design of the spring element 14.

[0070] Also goes out Figure 1that each positioning part 7, 8 is arranged at the first end 9 of the holding device 3, wherein each positioning part 7, 8 extends in the radial direction R away from the receiving part 4 of the holding device 3.

[0071] Thus, the positioning parts 7, 8 and the locking parts 5, 6 extend from the receiving part 4 in the same direction.

[0072] Furthermore, the positioning parts 7, 8 are cuboid-shaped and are integrally connected to the receiving part 4.

[0073] Furthermore, the two positioning parts 7, 8 of the holding device 3 are spaced apart from one another in the circumferential direction U, specifically spaced apart from one another in such a way that the sensor device 2 is arranged therebetween.

[0074] As also Figure 1 As disclosed, the receiving part 4 has a receiving section 15, in particular designed as a recess, for receiving the sensor device 2.

[0075] The receiving section 15 extends from the first end 9 to the second end 10 of the holding device 3.

[0076] Furthermore, Figure 1 or better in Figure 6 It can be seen that the temperature measuring device 1 comprises an alignment element 16 which is arranged in the receiving section 15 and can align the sensor device 2 with a winding 32 of the stator 31.

[0077] Thus, the temperature measuring device 1 has an alignment element 16 between the holding device 3 and the sensor device 2 in order to exert a force on the sensor device 2 so that it can be pressed against a winding 32 over a large area (compare in this context, for example Figures 3 to 6 ).

[0078] The alignment element 16 extends along the receiving section 15 and is made of an elastomer material.

[0079] Figure 2 shows a spatial view of the sensor device 2 from Figure 1 .

[0080] Here, the sensor device 2 has a temperature sensor 17 and a cable connection 18 for connecting the temperature sensor 17 to an evaluation unit. This connection between the temperature sensor 17 and the cable connection 18 is preferably made using conventional connection technology, for example, by welding or crimping the temperature sensor 17 and the required cable connection 18.

[0081] The temperature sensor 17 can be an NTC or PTC resistance element.

[0082] The cable connection 18 is partially connected to the holding device 3 or partially cast into it (compare Figure 1 second end 10 of the holding device 3).

[0083] The sensor device 2 also has a first end 19 and a second end 20 in the axial direction A, wherein the temperature sensor 17 is arranged at the first end 19 and the cable connection 18 is arranged at the second end 20.

[0084] Furthermore, the sensor device 2 has a protective device 21, in particular a PTFE sheath, for example in the form of a shrink tube, which completely encloses the temperature sensor 17 and partially the cable connection 18.

[0085] In order for the sensor device 2 to be arranged in the receiving section 15 of the holding device 3, the latter is adapted in terms of shape and size to the receiving section 15. Of course, it is also possible for the receiving section 15 to be adapted to the geometry of the sensor device 2.

[0086] Finally, Figure 1 It should also be noted that the temperature measuring device 1 is made of a plastic.

[0087] Figures 3 to 6 each show different side views and different spatial views of a partial section of an electrical machine 30 with a temperature measuring device 1 according to the invention from Figure 1 .

[0088] Strictly speaking, the Figures 3 to 6 an electrical machine 30 with hairpin or bar wave windings.

[0089] The electric machine 30 has a hollow cylindrical stator 31, manufactured with hairpin or bar wave windings 32, 33, 34, with several, in particular three, windings 32, 33, 34.

[0090] Here, the temperature measuring device 1 is made of the Figures 1 and 2 arranged on the stator 31.

[0091] Further explanations concerning the temperature measuring device 1 will be omitted at this point and reference will be made to the above explanations regarding the Figures 1 and 2 which are applicable here analogously.

[0092] As already mentioned Figure 1 The temperature measuring device 1 has a sensor device 2 for measuring the temperature of the stator 31 and a holding device 3 for holding the sensor device 2 on a winding 32 of the stator 31.

[0093] Expressed again in other words, the holding device 3 is designed to press the sensor device 2 against a winding 32 on an outer side AS of the hollow cylindrical stator 31 and to releasably engage it on an inner side IS on several windings 33, 34 of the hollow cylindrical stator 31.

[0094] As in particular the Figures 3 and 4 As can be seen, the temperature measuring device 1 with its sensor device 2 is arranged on a first winding 32, wherein two locking parts 5, 6 are each locked onto a further winding 33, 34 in order to hold the temperature measuring device 1 in position on the stator 31.

[0095] The locking parts 5, 6 have a length such that they extend from the outer surface AS of the stator 31 to its inner surface IS, whereby the locking elements 13 are locked onto the windings 33, 34.

[0096] Below are the presented Figures 1 to 6described again in other words.

[0097] In this case, the basic idea of ​​the inventive solution is preferably Figure 3 shown.

[0098] In this, the sensor device 2 is held by a clip or by the holding device 3, which is locked into a hairpin or rod wave winding and is pressed evenly against the outer geometry of the winding 32 by a soft element or the aligning element 16, e.g. an elastomer.

[0099] The structure of the inventive solution is, for example, in Figure 1 shown.

[0100] The connections or the cable connection 18 of the sensor device 3 are preferably connected to signal lines or cables by means of connection technology (e.g. welding, crimping process, etc.).

[0101] The clip or temperature measuring device 1 can be a plastic injection-molded part, which is based on the geometry of the winding. This clip 1 additionally has in the receiving section 15 of the holding device 3, see Figure 6 , an elastomer or an alignment element 16, which has the task of compensating radial tolerances and pressing the temperature sensor 17 or the entire sensor device 2 against a winding.

[0102] This alignment element 16 is either positioned subsequently or is already manufactured with the holding device 3 from the outset.

[0103] The elastomer or the alignment element 16, which is located between the temperature measuring device 1 and the sensor device 2, improves the radial tolerance compensation by pressing the temperature sensor 17 or the sensor device 2 against the winding and against the alignment element 16.

[0104] The material of the alignment element 16 should preferably be selected so that it can be pressed with little pressure and returns to its starting position when the temperature measuring device 1 is removed in order to be repositioned later.

[0105] To mount the temperature measuring device 1 to the geometry of the hairpin or rod wave winding 32, additional webs or positioning parts 7, 8 are used for guidance and angular orientation.

[0106] When the final assembled temperature measuring device 1 is pressed onto the hairpin or rod wave winding 32, see Figures 3 to 6 , an external force influence occurs radially outwards.

[0107] Now the positioning parts 7, 8 preferably have the task of guiding the temperature measuring device 1 through the hairpins until it is locked in its final position by the fixing hooks or locking elements 13.

[0108] Until this happens, the sensor device 3 presses against the soft elastomer or against the alignment element 16. Thus, at the end position of the temperature measuring device 1, an optimal connection of the temperature sensor 17 or sensor device 2 and the hairpin or rod wave winding 32 is established. List of reference symbols 1 Temperature measuring device 20 second end of the sensor device 2 Sensor device 3 Holding device 21 protective device 4 Recording part 5 locking part 30 electric machine 6 locking part 31 stator 7 Positioning part 32 winding 8 Positioning part 33 winding 9 first end of the holding device 34 winding 10 second end of the holding device A axial direction 11 first end of the locking part R radial direction 12 second end of the locking part U circumferential direction 13 locking element 14 spring element E1 first level 15 Recording section E2 second level 16 Alignment element 17 Temperature sensor AS outside 18 Cable connection IS inside 19 first end of the sensor device

Claims

1. A temperature measuring apparatus (1) for a stator (31) of an electrical machine (30) having hairpin wave windings or bar wave windings (32, 33, 34) and for measuring the temperature of the stator (31), having: - a sensor apparatus (2) for measuring the temperature of the stator (31), - a holding device (3) for holding the sensor apparatus (2) on a winding (32) of the stator (31), - wherein the holding device (3) is designed to engage behind at least one winding (33, 34) of the stator (31) and to latch thereon, - wherein the holding device (3) has • a receiving part (4) for the sensor apparatus (2) and • at least one latching part (5, 6) for latching onto at least one winding (32) of the stator (31) and • at least one positioning part (7, 8) for positioning the temperature measuring apparatus (1) on a winding (32), - characterised in that - the receiving part (4) is formed and aligned in a first plane (E1) and the at least one latching part (5, 6) is formed and aligned in a second plane (E2), - wherein the first and second planes (E1, E2) are aligned perpendicular to each other, - wherein, when the temperature measuring apparatus (1) is arranged on the stator (31), the at least one latching part (5, 6) • has a first (11) and a second end (12) in the radial direction (R), • is connected with its first end (11) to the receiving part (4) of the holding device (3), • extends in the radial direction (R) from the receiving part (4) in a cantilevered manner, • has at its second end (12) a latching element (13), in particular a hook, for engaging behind and latching onto a winding (32), • has a spring element (14) arranged between the first (11) and second end (12) of the latching part (5, 6) in order to press the sensor apparatus (2) against a winding (32) with a spring force, - the at least one positioning part (7, 8) extends from the receiving part (4) of the holding device (3) in the same radial direction (R) as the latching part, and - the holding device (3) comprises two positioning parts (7, 8) that are spaced apart from one another in the circumferential direction when arranged on a stator (31).

2. The temperature measuring apparatus according to claim 1, - wherein the holding device (3) is configured to press the sensor apparatus (2) against a winding (32) on an outer side (AS) of the hollow-cylindrical stator (31) and to latch it, in particular releasably, onto at least one winding (33, 34) on an inner side (IS) of the hollow cylindrical stator (31).

3. The temperature measuring apparatus according to claim 1, - wherein the first and second planes (E1, E2) intersect.

4. The temperature measuring apparatus according to claim 1, - wherein the holding device (3) has a first (9) and a second end (10) in the axial direction (A), - wherein preferably at the first end (9), the at least one latching part (5, 6) is arranged, in particular in a resilient manner, - wherein the two positioning parts (7, 8) are preferably arranged at the first end (9).

5. The temperature measuring apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, - wherein the two positioning parts (7, 8) are cuboid-shaped.

6. The temperature measuring apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, - wherein the two positioning parts (7, 8) are arranged at the first end (9) of the holding device (3), - wherein preferably the two positioning parts (7, 8) are integrally connected to the receiving part (4).

7. The temperature measuring apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, - wherein the receiving part (4) has a receiving section (15), in particular designed as a recess, for receiving the sensor apparatus (2), - wherein the receiving section (15) preferably extends from the first (9) to the second end (10) of the holding device (3), - wherein preferably the temperature measuring apparatus (1) comprises an alignment element (16), which is arranged in the receiving section (15) and aligns the sensor apparatus (2) with respect to a winding (32) of the stator (31), - wherein the alignment element (16) is preferably made of a plastic, in particular of an elastomer material.

8. The temperature measuring apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, - wherein the sensor apparatus (2) comprises a temperature sensor (17), - wherein the sensor apparatus (2) preferably comprises a cable connection (18) for connecting a temperature sensor (17) to an evaluation unit, - wherein preferably the cable connection (18) is at least partially connected to the holding device (3), in particular partially embedded therein, - wherein the sensor apparatus (2) preferably comprises a protective device (21), in particular a PTFE sheath, for example in the form of a shrink tube, which, in particular completely, surrounds the temperature sensor (17) and at least partially surrounds the cable connection (18).

9. An electrical machine (30) having hairpin wave windings or rod wave windings having: - a hollow-cylindrical stator (31), in particular manufactured with hairpin wave windings or bar wave windings (32, 33, 34), having at least one winding (32, 33, 34), - a temperature measuring apparatus (1) according to one of the preceding claims.

10. The electrical machine according to claim 9, - wherein the temperature measuring apparatus (1) with its sensor apparatus (2) is arranged on a first winding (32) and two latching parts (5, 6) are each latched onto a further winding (33, 34) in order to hold the temperature measuring apparatus (1) in position on the stator (31), - wherein the latching parts (5, 6) preferably have a length such that they extend from the outer lateral surface (AS) of the stator (31) to its inner surface (IS).