MEDICAL TOOL WITH UNCOUPLING DETECTION

Description

Technical field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a medical tool which is designed as a rotationally drivable tool, in particular as a cutting tool, preferably as a trepanation tool, and which has a drive section which can be connected to a medical device, preferably a surgical handpiece, for in particular form-fitting torque transmission, and a cutting section which can be coupled to the drive section in a torque-transmitting manner.

[0002] Trepanation tools are used to create a surgical opening in the skull bone. To prevent damage to the dura beneath the skull bone, trepanation tools are functionally designed so that the cutting section is decoupled from the actual drive, i.e., the drive section, as soon as the skull bone has been penetrated and before the dura beneath the skull bone can be damaged. This is typically achieved, as in US 4,456,010 A1, for example, and in a generic tool, by the cutting section being axially displaceable relative to the drive section between a first axial position, in which the cutting section and the drive section are torque-coupled, and a second axial position, in which the cutting section is torque-decoupled from the drive section.During machining, the cutting section is held in the first (torque-coupled) axial position by the machining forces acting on it, for example against the spring force of a spring, in particular against a spring-loaded push button. If no machining forces act on the cutting section, the cutting section is displaced into the second (torque-decoupled) axial position, for example by the spring force of the spring, in particular by the push button pushed (forward) by the spring preload. Since no machining forces act on the cutting section as soon as the skull bone has been penetrated, i.e., as soon as the trepanation process has taken place, the compression spring immediately releases the torque engagement between the drive section and the cutting section. The cutting section is therefore spring-loaded in a torque-decoupled axial position.

[0003] US 2018 / 256 287 A1 discloses a device with a handpiece and a tool connectable thereto, which has an electronic component in the form of an RFID transponder.

[0004] EP 2 581 061 A1 discloses a device with a handpiece and with a tool that can be coupled thereto via a coupling device, during the coupling engagement of which a positioning element engages in a recess for a rotationally fixed connection, whereby an electrical contact of the handpiece is connected to an electrical contact of the tool in a wired or wireless manner.

[0005] WO 03 / 013372 A2 discloses a surgical tool with a handpiece having an internal power generation unit used to actuate an accessory attached to the handpiece. Inside the accessory is an identification chip that describes the operating and / or physical characteristics of the accessory. Complementary coils in the handpiece and the accessory facilitate readout by inductively coupling the data in the accessory. Based on the read data, the control console actuates the handpiece in a manner appropriate for the attached accessory.

[0006] DE 29 16 221 B1 discloses a medical tool according to the preamble of claim 1.

[0007] The tool, in particular the trepanation tool, can be designed as a reusable tool, i.e., a tool suitable for multiple uses with reprocessing. Alternatively, the (trepanation) tool can be designed as a disposable tool (also known as a single-use tool), i.e., a tool suitable for single use.

[0008] It is often not possible for the user to easily identify which tool is being used, for example, what type of tool, what size of tool and / or what type of use, i.e. reusable or disposable. It is also not yet possible to automatically identify medical tools, such as hand tools or tools for insertion into surgical (hand) instruments. To identify the tool, a label or outer packaging, for example, must be manually inspected. This means that it is not possible to rule out misuse of the tool in use, such as the use of incorrect tool parameters and / or the use of a tool that is unsuitable for the respective medical application.Furthermore, due to the lack of automatic documentation, it is not possible to track the combination of tools used or any misuse, such as tool overloading, and the associated product damage. Furthermore, tool inventory cannot be recorded without a time-consuming inventory. Furthermore, tools must be checked for functionality and proper condition before use. This requires checking the secure connection of all products to be used, especially the secure fit of the tool in the handpiece, by manually pulling on the tool to check the coupling, which, however, poses a latent risk of injury.

[0009] It is therefore the object of the invention to avoid or reduce the disadvantages of the prior art and to provide a medical tool, in particular a trepanation tool, which enables automatic tool recognition and / or automatic tool documentation and thus reduces the risk of possible misuse of the tool. Summary of the invention

[0010] The object of the invention is solved by the subject matter of the independent patent claim. Advantageous further developments are the subject matter of the dependent claims.

[0011] More specifically, the object of the invention is achieved by a medical tool that is designed as a rotationally drivable tool, in particular as a cutting tool, preferably as a trepanation tool, and that has a drive section (torque introduction section) that can be connected to a medical device, in particular for positive torque transmission, and a cutting section that can be coupled to the drive section in a torque-transmitting manner. The tool has a (first) electronic assembly that is designed to be activated by decoupling the cutting section from the drive section.In particular, the cutting section is axially displaceable relative to the drive section, for example, against a spring-biased push button, between a first axial position in which the cutting section and the drive section are torque-coupled, and a second axial position in which the cutting section is torque-decoupled from the drive section. The (first) electronic assembly is designed and arranged such that it is deactivated in the first axial position and activated in the second axial position. In other words, a switching path defined by the limited axial relative displacement between the drive section and the cutting section is used to activate the electronic assembly.

[0012] This has the advantage that the coupling and / or decoupling processes of the (trepanation) tool can be (automatically) recorded and / or documented. Advantageously, the number of decouplings per operation can be recorded. This also has the advantage that even in non-powered tools, where attachments are decoupled from the actual output, the decoupling can be used to close or break an electrical circuit and thus for identification. This can be advantageously applied to the digitalization of (medical) tools and devices.

[0013] For example, by decoupling the cutting section from the (drive section), the (first) electronic assembly can be mechanically switchable in such a way that a circuit of the electronic assembly is closed (or opened) in an actuated switching position and opened (or closed) in an unactuated switching position.

[0014] According to a preferred embodiment, the (first) electronic assembly can have a switch, preferably designed as a pushbutton, which can be mechanically actuated by an actuating section that can be rotationally coupled to the cutting section in such a way that it detects the number of revolutions of the cutting section, in particular after the cutting section has been decoupled from the drive section. For example, the pushbutton, which is preferably arranged on a non-rotating component of the tool, for example in the form of a dome or an inclined plane, can be designed such that it is mechanically actuated by an actuating section that can be rotationally coupled to the cutting section, for example in the form of an outer sleeve, of the tool in a manner corresponding to the number of revolutions of the cutting section, for example, with each revolution.According to an advantageous development of the preferred embodiment, the actuating section can be designed such that it is rotationally decoupled from the cutting section in the first axial position and rotationally coupled to the cutting section in the second axial position. This ensures that the actuating section only rotates (with the cutting section) when the cutting section is decoupled from the drive section. Thus, only the revolutions after decoupling are recorded. Experience has shown that the number of (remaining) revolutions after decoupling is particularly informative with regard to the wear and service life of the tool. Preferably, the number of decouplings and / or the number of remaining revolutions is stored in a memory device of the electronic assembly and / or transmitted to the external processing unit, preferably in combination with tool-specific data, such as the serial number or article number.For example, the information can be transmitted in real time or on demand (just-in-time). In other words, the actuating section is arranged and designed such that the switch / button is actuated in accordance with the number of revolutions of the cutting section. For example, the actuating section can be formed by several locking elements, in particular locking elements distributed in the circumferential direction, so that the switch / button is actuated several times per revolution. In this way, even incomplete revolutions of the cutting section can be detected. Mechanical locking is ensured by several locking elements at the same time. In other words, the number of revolutions corresponds, for example, to a quotient of the number of actuations of the second switch and the number of locking elements.

[0015] Preferably, the (first) electronic assembly for generating a radio connection can have a communication device arranged in a plastic component of the tool or can be connected to the communication device of a second electronic assembly, which is further preferably designed such that, upon activation of the (first) electronic assembly, it transmits a radio signal containing data about the decoupling process. Preferably, the (first) electronic assembly has a (first) memory device or is connected to the memory device of the second electronic assembly in order to record the number of activations of the (first) electronic assembly (and thus the number of decouplings of the cutting section) and / or the number of (remaining) revolutions.

[0016] According to a preferred embodiment, the (first) electronic assembly can be arranged in a stationary component of the tool. This has the advantage that the electronic assembly does not need to be rotated during machining.

[0017] According to a preferred embodiment, the tool can comprise a further electronic assembly configured to be activated by connecting the tool to the medical device, preferably by inserting the tool into the medical device. The tool itself is thus equipped with an electronic assembly for capturing information. The electronic assembly can be automatically activated by inserting the tool into the medical device.

[0018] In other words, the tool (trepanation tool) has an integrated electronic assembly which is activated / actuated when the tool is connected / coupled to the device (surgical handpiece), in particular when plugged into the device, and which is deactivated / inactivated when the tool and the device are unconnected / decoupled from one another, in particular when the tool is not plugged into the device. This means that activation of the electronic assembly depends on coupling of the tool and the device, whereby tool coupling can advantageously be detected automatically. This also has the advantage that the secure fit between the tool and the device no longer has to be checked manually, for example by pulling on the tool, since feedback about successful coupling can be provided by activation of the electronic assembly.

[0019] According to an advantageous development, the additional electronic assembly can have an additional storage device in which tool-specific data, such as tool operating parameters, tool status data, application parameters, serial number, article number, best-before date (BBD), batch number (LOT), and / or other information, are stored, which are preferably transmitted and / or output to an external processing unit and / or to a user of the tool upon activation of the additional electronic assembly. This means that the tool-specific data, in particular for tool recognition, are made available in an externally detectable manner upon activation of the additional electronic assembly. In other words, by activating the additional electronic assembly, the stored data can be transmitted and further processed, thus enabling automatic tool recognition.The processing unit can be, for example, a terminal device such as a tablet or smartphone, or a control unit or an internet-based platform such as a cloud. Automatic tool recognition can also be used to automatically document the process. Furthermore, it is possible to automatically set individual tool parameters such as speed or current based on the transmitted tool-specific data, thus preventing incorrect use. Furthermore, multiple use of the tool can be recorded, for example. This allows the user to be informed if the tool is only suitable for single use but has already been used. This information is stored. The user can also be informed intraoperatively if necessary.

[0020] According to a preferred embodiment, the additional electronic assembly can be arranged in a stationary component of the tool. This has the advantage that the electronic assembly does not need to be rotated during machining.

[0021] According to a preferred embodiment, the further electronic assembly can have a further switch that can be mechanically actuated by connecting the tool. In other words, the switch is configured on the drive section of the tool to be connected to the device such that, in an unactuated state, the switch protrudes from the drive section (axially or radially) and is displaced relative to the drive section by connecting the drive section to the medical device, in particular is pressed into the drive section to actuate the switch. The drive section preferably has a standardized interface, such as a Hudson connector.By arranging the mechanically actuated switch on the drive section, the switch is automatically actuated when the tool is inserted into the medical device, as the tool must be precisely received by the device to ensure a secure fit. Therefore, when used with any (conventional) device, the switch is mechanically actuated as long as the drive section is in contact with the device in the area of ​​the switch. Since the interface between the tool and the device is usually standardized, the electronic assembly is activated independently of the device's other design.

[0022] According to an advantageous development of the preferred embodiment, the switch can be mechanically actuated by connecting the tool such that the switch closes a circuit of the electronic assembly in an actuated switching position and opens it in a non-actuated switching position. Preferably, the electronic assembly has a communication device for generating a radio connection, which transmits a radio signal containing the tool-specific data upon activation of the electronic assembly, i.e., upon closing the circuit. For example, the communication device can transmit the radio signal actively, for example via WLAN or Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) or via a low-power wireless network protocol such as LoRaWAN (Long Range Wide Area Network), or passively, for example via RFID or NFC.The radio signal can also be transmitted using another radio standard suitable for (contactless) data transmission and is not limited to any of the aforementioned radio standards or any specific frequency range. If the electrical circuit is interrupted when the tool is uncoupled from the device, the communication device no longer transmits a radio signal or is no longer accessible in the case of passive technologies. In other words, the electronic assembly can, for example, have an RFID chip, an NFC chip, a WLAN module and / or a Bluetooth Low Energy chip, each of which is designed to transmit the radio signal to an associated receiver located in the vicinity of the tool when the electronic assembly is activated. The data transmitted by the radio signal can be forwarded by the receiver to other end devices.According to a further preferred development of the preferred embodiment, the communication device can be arranged in a plastic housing of the tool, which advantageously provides radio permeability.

[0023] According to a preferred embodiment, the switch can be displaced in the axial direction by connecting the tool between the actuated switching position and the non-actuated switching position. The insertion direction of the tool usually corresponds to the axial direction, so that axial actuation of the switch can be easily implemented. The switch can preferably protrude from an axial stop surface of the tool, against which the device rests when coupled. This ensures that the switch is only actuated in one end position of the tool in the device, in which the tool and the device are axially fixedly connected, in order to prevent the electronic assembly from being activated if the plugging process is not yet complete and the tool is not securely seated.

[0024] According to an alternative preferred embodiment, the switch can be displaced radially between the actuated switching position and the non-actuated switching position by connecting the tool. The switch can preferably protrude from a radial outer circumferential surface of the drive section, against which the device rests in the coupled state. Since the drive section is often inserted into the device such that it rests radially on the outside against the radial inner diameter of the device, automatic actuation of the radially actuated switch can be ensured by connecting the tool to the device.

[0025] According to a preferred embodiment, the electronic assembly can have a feedback device and / or be connectable to an external feedback device. The feedback device and / or the feedback device can / may in particular be designed such that an acoustic and / or visual feedback is output when the electronic assembly is or is activated. The user thus receives automatic confirmation of successful connection, so that secure seating no longer needs to be checked by touch. For example, the feedback device can be designed as a light source, such as an LED that is preferably visible from the outside in the drive section, and / or as an acoustic signal generator, the light and / or sound of which provides feedback as to whether the tool is (correctly) connected to the device or not, i.e. confirms successful connection.For example, the external feedback device can be designed as a control device or terminal device, such as a smartphone or a tablet, which is coupled in particular via the radio connection and which provides a message as to whether the tool is (correctly) connected to the device or not.

[0026] According to a further aspect of the invention, the drive section can have a base, preferably made of plastic, which can in particular be connected directly to the medical device, and a driver, preferably made of metal, which is axially secured and positively connected to the base in a rotationally fixed manner. In particular, the (first) electronic assembly can be arranged in the base. Alternatively, the base and the driver can be made of plastic. Further alternatively, the base can be made of metal and the driver can be made of plastic.

[0027] According to a preferred embodiment, the base can have an axial securing section, for example in the form of locking indentations, into which a counter-locking section formed on the driver, for example in the form of locking hooks, engages for axial securing. According to a preferred embodiment, the base can have a torque transmission section, for example in the form of force transmission indentations, into which a counter-section formed on the driver, for example in the form of webs, engages for positive torque transmission. In other words, the functions of axial securing and torque transmission are formed on separate sections of the driver. Preferably, the locking indentations and / or the force transmission indentations are arranged symmetrically. According to a particularly preferred embodiment, the axial securing section can be arranged distal to the torque transmission section in order to enable a suitable force flow.The torque transmission section is therefore arranged closer to the cutting section than the axial securing section.

[0028] According to a further aspect of the invention, the cutting section can have a base section, preferably directly coupled to the drive section, and an engagement section formed separately therefrom, preferably carrying the cutting edges, which is connected to the base section in an axially fixed and / or rotationally fixed manner at a (first) interface, for example in the form of a thread. The interface is preferably designed such that the engagement section is attached to the base section in machining engagement by rotating it counter to its direction of rotation, in order to prevent unintentional loosening due to the machining forces. The interface is particularly preferably designed such that it can be connected to engagement sections of different designs and / or sizes.Further preferably, the cutting section can have a sleeve section formed separately from the engagement section, which is attached to an outer diameter of the engagement section at a (second) interface. In particular, the engagement sections of different designs and / or sizes can have the same outer diameter. The modular design and the use of identical parts for different tool types and / or tool sizes can reduce the manufacturing costs of the tool.

[0029] According to a further aspect of the invention, the cutting section can comprise a plastic dome to which the inserts forming the cutting edges, in particular made of metal, are firmly attached, for example by heat stamping. This allows the entire (trepanation) tool, apart from the cutting edges formed by metal blades, to be manufactured cost-effectively from plastic. Short description of the characters

[0030] Figs 1a and 1b are perspective views of connecting a tool according to the invention to a medical device according to a first embodiment of the invention for activating an electronic assembly. Figs. 2a and 2b show perspective views of the tool with a switch of the electronic assembly in two different designs. Figs. 3 and 4 show schematic representations of a communication device of the electronic assembly of the tool. Figs. 5 and 6 show perspective views of the tool in the first embodiment. Figs. 7 to 10 show perspective views of a drive section of the tool and its individual parts. Figs. 11 to 13 are various perspective, partially sectioned views of the tool in a second embodiment. Figs. 14 to 16 are perspective views of a cutting section of the tool in different sizes. Figs. 17 and 18are perspective views of the tool in another embodiment.

[0031] Embodiments of the present disclosure are described below based on the accompanying figures. The figures are merely schematic in nature and serve to facilitate understanding of the invention. Like elements are designated by like reference numerals.

[0032] Fig. 1 shows a medical tool 1 that can be connected to a medical device 2, such as a surgical handpiece. In Fig. 1a the tool 1 is not connected to the medical device 2, ie, it is decoupled from the device 2. In Fig. 1bThe tool 1 is connected to the medical device 2, i.e., coupled to the device 2. In the illustrated embodiments, the tool 1 is designed as a rotationally drivable tool. For this purpose, the tool 1 is connected to the device 2 to transmit a torque for driving the tool 1. In particular, the tool 1 can be designed as a cutting tool.

[0033] The tool 1 has a drive section 3, which is partially inserted into the device 2 and engages in the device 2 in a form-fitting, rotationally secured manner. Furthermore, the tool 1 has a cutting section 4 that extends the drive section 3 in the axial direction. Cutting edges for machining are arranged on the cutting section 4. The drive section 3 has a coupling section 5, which forms the part of the drive section 3 that, when connected, is fully inserted into the device 2. In the illustrated embodiments, the coupling section 5 is designed as a Hudson connection 6, which is universally used as an interface for handpieces.

[0034] The tool 1 has an electronic assembly 7 (cf. Figs. 3 and 4). The electronic assembly 7 is designed to be activated by connecting the tool 1 to the medical device 2, preferably by plugging the tool 1 into the medical device 2. Preferably, the electronic assembly 7 has a switch 8 which can be mechanically actuated by connecting the tool 1 such that the switch 8 closes an electrical circuit of the electronic assembly 7 in a first switching position and opens it in a second switching position.

[0035] In Fig. 2aThe switch 8 is designed as an axial switch 9, which is displaceable in the axial direction for actuation. The axial switch 9 is arranged on an axial contact surface of the coupling section 5 and protrudes axially in the direction of the device 2. The device 2 rests against the contact surface when connected to the tool 1 and thus actuates the axial switch 9. When the tool 1 is connected to the device 2, the axial switch 9 is actuated. When the tool 1 is not connected to the device 2, the axial switch 9 is not actuated. Fig. 2bthe switch 8 is designed as a radial switch 10, which can be displaced in the radial direction for actuation. The radial switch 10 has a hemispherical, dome-like shape. The radial switch 10 is arranged on a radial outer circumference of the coupling section 5 and protrudes radially outwards. The device 2, when connected to the tool 1, is pushed onto the radial outer circumference and thus actuates the radial switch 10. When the tool 1 is connected to the device 2, the radial switch 10 is actuated. When the tool 1 is not connected to the device 2, the radial switch 10 is not actuated. The switch 8 is therefore arranged on the coupling section 5 in such a way that it is automatically actuated mechanically by the device 2 in the connected state and automatically deactuated in the unconnected state.

[0036] The electronic assembly 7 can have a memory device in which tool-specific data, such as tool operating parameters, tool status data, application parameters, serial number, article number, best-before date (BBD), batch number (LOT), and / or other information, are stored. The electronic assembly 7 can have a communication device 11 for generating a radio connection. The communication device 11 is arranged such that, upon activation of the electronic assembly 7, i.e., upon closing the electrical circuit, it transmits a radio signal containing the tool-specific data stored in the memory device.

[0037] Fig. 3shows a possible structure of the communication device 11, which is designed as a Bluetooth Low Energy unit 12. Alternatively, the communication device 11 can also be designed as another radio module, such as a WLAN module or a LoRA-WAN (Long Range Wide Area Network) module. In the communication device 11, when the switch 8 is actuated, the circuit is closed and a Bluetooth Low Energy chip 13 is connected to a battery 14. The Bluetooth Low Energy unit 12 can actively transmit a radio signal to an associated receiver located in the vicinity of the tool 1 when the circuit is closed. If the circuit is interrupted when the tool 1 is uncoupled from the device 2, the communication device 11 no longer transmits a radio signal. Fig. 4shows an alternative possible construction of the communication device 11, which is designed as an RFID or NFC unit 15. In the communication device 11, when the switch 8 is actuated, the circuit is closed and a coil 16 is connected to a memory 17, for example an EEPROM (electrically erasable programmable read-only memory). In contrast to the Fig. 3 In the illustrated configuration, no battery is required, which means that the service life of the electronic assembly 7 does not depend on the battery life. The RFID or NFC unit 15 can passively transmit a radio signal. The memory 17 can be read via the coil 16. The radio signal can be transmitted by the NFC unit 15, for example, to a receiver arranged in the device 2 and from there. By connecting the tool 1 to the device, as shown in Figs. 3 and 4As shown schematically, tool-specific data stored in the storage device is passed on to peripheral devices. There, the data is further processed and output to the user, stored in the cloud, and / or posted online.

[0038] A structure of the tool 1 is described with reference to Figs. 5 and 6 explained. The tool 1 can be functionally divided into the drive section 3, the cutting section 4, and a sleeve section 18.

[0039] The drive section 3 (see also Figs. 7 to 10) has a base 19 on which the coupling section 5 is formed. The base 19 is designed as a plastic component. The electronic assembly 7 is housed in the base 19. A connecting section 20 is formed at a proximal end of the base 19. The drive section 3 has a driver 21 which is axially secured and rotationally fixed to the connecting section 20. A spring 22 is accommodated in the connecting section 20, against the spring force of which the cutting section 4 can be axially displaced between the first axial position and the second axial position. A push button 23 is arranged axially between the driver 21 and the connecting section 20. The push button 23 extends axially through a central recess in the driver 21.

[0040] The cutting section 4 has a base section 24. The base section 24 serves for power / torque transmission and has a driver 25. The driver 25 of the cutting section 4 can engage in a form-fitting, rotationally secured manner with the driver 21 of the drive section 3, so that torque can be transmitted from the drive section 3 to the cutting section 4. In the first axial position, the driver 25 engages with the driver 21. The base section 24 has a first interface 26. A first engagement section 27 of the cutting section 4, here in the form of an internal milling cutter, can be connected to the base section 24 via the first interface 26 in a torque-transmitting manner. The first interface 26 is designed as a thread onto which the first engagement section 27 can be screwed, preferably counter to the cutting direction / drive direction of the tool 1.In particular, the first engagement section 27 is secured by a tightening torque. The base section 24 has a second interface 28. A second engagement section 29 of the cutting section 4, here in the form of an external milling cutter, can be connected to the base section 24 via the second interface 28 in a torque-transmitting manner. The second interface 28 is designed as a transverse pin onto which the second engagement section 29 can be pushed. A groove 30 is formed in the second engagement section 29, which connects the second engagement section 29 to the transverse pin in a form-fitting, rotationally fixed manner. The second engagement section 29 has a radially outwardly projecting flange 31. The flange 31 is designed to be radially circumferential.

[0041] The sleeve portion 18 is preferably constructed of plastic. The sleeve portion 18 forms an outer diameter of the tool 1. The sleeve portion 18 rests at its proximal end against the flange 31 of the cutting portion 4. The sleeve portion 18 rests at its distal end against an axial stop surface provided by the base 19. The sleeve portion 18 has a radially inwardly projecting pin 32, which engages in a circumferential groove 33 in the connecting portion 20 and thereby axially secures the sleeve portion 18.

[0042] In the Fig. 6In the embodiment shown, the electronic assembly 7 has a feedback device 34. The feedback device 34, here in the form of an LED 35, is arranged in the base 19 and lights up when the electronic assembly 7 is activated. For example, the LED 35 can emit a green light when it is correctly coupled and a red light when it is incompletely coupled. The LED 35 can also emit a flashing light or a continuously illuminated light. The LED 35 can also light up in other colors. The feedback device 34 can, for example, also have several LEDs, one of which provides feedback about successful coupling and one of which provides feedback about incorrect coupling. Alternatively or additionally, the feedback device 34 can emit an acoustic feedback when the electronic assembly 7 is activated or is activated.For example, the frequency / pitch of the acoustic feedback or the time interval between several acoustic signals / feedbacks may be different when coupling is successful than when coupling is unsuccessful.

[0043] A structure of the drive section 3 will be described with reference to Figs. 7 to 10 described. The drive section 3 is formed in particular by the driver 21, which is designed as a metal component, and the base 19, which is designed as a plastic component. Alternatively, the base 19 and the driver 21 could be designed as a metal component. Further alternatively, the base 19 and the driver 21 could be designed as a plastic component. Further alternatively, the base could be designed as a metal component and the driver 21 as a plastic component. The spring 22 and the push button 23 are irrelevant for the transmission of forces and torques.

[0044] The base 19 and the driver 21 are connected to one another in an axially secured manner. For this purpose, the base 19 has one or more locking indentations 36 into which one or more locking hooks 37 of the driver 21 engage. The driver 21 therefore engages behind the base 19 in the axial direction. The locking indentations 36 are symmetrical, i.e. arranged opposite one another in the circumferential direction. The locking hooks 37 are symmetrical, i.e. arranged opposite one another in the circumferential direction. The base 19 and the driver 21 are connected to one another in a torque-transmitting manner. For this purpose, the base 19 has one or more force transmission indentations 38 into which one or more webs 39 of the driver 21 engage. The force transmission indentations 38 are symmetrical, i.e. arranged opposite one another in the circumferential direction. The webs 39 are symmetrical, i.e. arranged opposite one another in the circumferential direction. The webs 39 are located in the circumferential direction between the locking hooks 38.The driver 21 has a central recess 40 through which three push buttons 23 can pass for decoupling, ie for disengaging the cutting section 4.

[0045] In the illustrated embodiments, the tool 1 is designed as a trepanation tool. The functioning of a trepanation tool is explained with reference to Figs. 11a and 11b explained. In the tool 1, the cutting section 4 is axially limited relative to the drive section 3 between a first axial position (cf. Fig. 11a ), in which the cutting section 4 and the drive section 3 are torque-coupled, and a second axial position (cf. Fig. 11b), in which the cutting section 4 is torque-decoupled from the drive section 3. This allows the cutting section 4 to be decoupled from the actual drive. During machining, the cutting section 4 is pressed into the first axial position by the machining forces acting on it, counter to the spring force of the spring 22. The push button 23 mounted in the drive section 3 is axially displaced and the spring 22 is preloaded. If no machining forces act on the cutting section 4, the cutting section 4 is pressed into the second axial position by the spring force of the spring 22. The spring preload displaces the push button 23 towards the cutting section 4, so that it presses the (output-side / torque-absorbing) driver 25 of the cutting section 4 out of engagement with the (drive-side / torque-transmitting) driver 21 of the drive section 3.

[0046] In Fig. 11bThe axial relative movement of a switching path between the first axial position and the second axial position is indicated by a dashed circle. This axial relative movement can be used to activate a second electronic assembly 41. According to the invention, the tool 1 has the second electronic assembly 41, which is designed to be activated by decoupling the cutting section 4 from the drive section 3. This means that the second electronic assembly 41 is designed such that it is deactivated when the cutting section 4 is in the (coupled) axial position relative to the drive section 3 and is activated when the cutting section 4 is in the second (decoupled) axial position relative to the drive section 3.In particular, the second electronic assembly 4 has a switch (not shown) which is mechanically actuated by the axial displacement of the cutting section 4, in particular of the push button 23.

[0047] In Figs. 12 and 13a further embodiment of the tool 1 is shown. The second electronic assembly 41 has a second switch 42. The second switch 42 is designed as a button. The second switch 42 can be mechanically actuated by the cutting section 4 such that it detects the number of revolutions of the cutting section 4, in particular after the cutting section 4 has been decoupled from the drive section 3. The second switch 42 has a hemispherical, dome-like shape. The second switch 42 can also be formed in the form of an inclined plane. The second switch 42 is arranged on a radial outer circumference of the drive section 3, here in a region of the connecting section 20, and projects radially outwards. The second switch 42 is arranged in the groove 33.The pin 32 on the sleeve section 18 serves as an actuating section, so that the second switch 42 is actuated by the pin 32 in accordance with the number of revolutions of the sleeve section 18. In other words, the number of revolutions corresponds, for example, to a quotient of the number of actuations of the second switch 42 and the number of pins 32 (locking elements). For example, the sleeve section 18 can be designed symmetrically, i.e., have two pins 32 opposite one another in the circumferential direction. The second switch 42 is then actuated twice for each revolution of the sleeve section 18. In this way, even half revolutions of the sleeve section 18 can be detected. A plurality of pins 32 simultaneously ensures mechanical locking. This allows a number of revolutions of the sleeve section 18 to be detected.In particular, the sleeve portion 18 is designed such that it is rotationally decoupled from the cutting portion 4 in the first axial position and rotationally coupled to the cutting portion 4 in the second axial position.

[0048] Figs. 14 to 16show the structure of the cutting section 4 according to a further aspect of the invention. As described above, the cutting section 4 has the base section 24, which is connected to the first engagement section 27 via the first interface 26 and to the second engagement section 29 via the second interface 28. The base section 24, the first engagement section 27, and the second engagement section 29 are preferably designed as a metal component. The base section 24 serves as a force transmission component and is designed the same for cutting sections 4 of different sizes. Differently sized first engagement sections 27, i.e., internal milling cutters, can be screwed onto the thread via the first interface 26. Differently sized second engagement sections 29, i.e., external milling cutters, can be pushed onto the thread via the second interface 28 (cf. Figs. 15a to 15c). The outer diameter of the flange 31 of the second engagement section 29 is designed to be constant for second engagement sections 29 of different sizes. This allows the same sleeve section 18 (cf. Figs. 16a to 16c ) be used.

[0049] Figs. 17 and 18 show a further embodiment according to a further aspect of the invention. Apart from its cutting edges, the tool 1 is formed entirely as a plastic component tool 43. The first engagement portion 27 is formed as a plastic component 44, such as a plastic dome. The second engagement portion 29 is formed as a plastic component 49, such as a plastic dome. A metal insert component 46 is connected to the first engagement portion 27 and / or the second engagement portion 29 by hot stamping.

Claims

1. The medical tool (1), which is in the form of a rotatably drivable tool, in particular a cutting tool, preferably a trepanation tool, having a drive portion (3) which can be connected to a medical device (2) for in particular interlockingly transmitting torque and a cutting portion (4) which can be coupled to the drive portion (3) so as to transmit torque, characterised in that the tool (1) comprises an electronic assembly (41) which is designed to be activated by the cutting portion (4) being decoupled from the drive portion (3).

2. The tool (1) according to claim 1, characterised in that the electronic assembly (41) has a switch (42) which is preferably in the form of a push button and which can, by an activating portion (32) which can be rotatably coupled to the cutting portion (4), be activated mechanically such that it acquires the number of revolutions of the cutting portion (4), in particular after the decoupling of the cutting portion (4) from the drive portion (3).

3. The tool (1) according to claim 2, characterised in that the activating portion (32) is arranged and designed such that it is rotatably coupled to the cutting portion (4) when the cutting portion (4) is decoupled from the drive portion (3).

4. The tool (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the electronic assembly is arranged in a stationary component of the tool (1).

5. A medical tool (1) according to one of the claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the tool (1) comprises a further electronic assembly (7) which is designed to be activated by the tool (1) being connected to the medical device (2), preferably by an operation of plugging the tool (1) into the medical device (2).

6. The tool (1) according to claim 5, characterised in that the further electronic assembly (7) has a storage device storing tool-specific data which are transmitted preferably to an external processing unit during activation of the electronic assembly (7).

7. The tool (1) according to claims 5 or 6, characterised in that the further electronic assembly (7) has a further switch (8, 9, 10) which can be activated mechanically by the connecting of the tool (1) such that the further switch (8, 9, 10) closes an electric circuit of the electronic assembly (7) in an activated switching position and opens it in a non-activated switching position.

8. The tool (1) according to claims 6 and 7, characterised in that the further electronic assembly comprises a communication device (11, 12, 15) for generating a radio communication which transmits, in the case of a closed electric circuit, a radio signal with the tool-specific data and is preferably arranged in a plastic housing (19) of the tool (1).

9. The tool (1) according to claims 7 or 8, characterised in that the switch (8, 9, 10) is, by means of the connecting of the tool (1), displaceable in the axial direction or in the radial direction between the activated switching position and the non-activated switching position.

10. The tool (1) according to one of claims 5 to 9, characterised in that the further electronic assembly (7) comprises a feedback device (34, 35) and / or can be connected to an external feedback means, and that the feedback device (34, 35) and / or the feedback means is / are designed such that an acoustic and / or visual feedback is output when the electronic assembly (7) is activated or is being activated.