Resin-containing composition with antimicrobial properties, particularly biocidal properties, for surface coatings on paper layers or wood-based panels

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a resin-containing composition having antimicrobial properties, in particular biocidal properties, for surface coatings on paper layers or material boards, the use of this composition, paper layers or wood-based panels coated therewith, and processes for producing a paper layer or wood-based panel provided with an antiviral coating. Description

[0002] Wood-based panels and elements with a melamine surface are used in various areas of furniture, flooring, and interior design. They are not only decorative but also possess outstanding surface properties. Furthermore, they are increasingly required to possess certain hygienic properties. Melamine surfaces are known to be easy and quick to disinfect. Furthermore, the use of disinfectants does not typically lead to surface changes. However, the problem often arises that the surface treatment only provides protection for a limited period of time because the active ingredient is not embedded in the surface. It is applied afterward and is then removed from the surface by cleaning or wear.

[0003] Ideally, the surfaces should not require any disinfection at all, as they are inherently antibacterial or antiviral. This is especially true for healthcare applications such as doctor's offices, hospitals, nursing homes, rehabilitation facilities, etc. Effective and long-lasting protection against bacteria or viruses should therefore be embedded in the decorative surface, ensuring, in the best case, permanent protection. This is especially true since slowly deteriorating protection creates uncertainty regarding the remaining effectiveness.

[0004] The provision of various objects with antimicrobial, resin-coated surfaces is known. US 2012 / 0176663 A1 relates to an electrophoretic display comprising microcups, an electrophoretic fluid filled into the microcups, and a seal made of a sealing composition comprising a water-soluble polymer (including melamine-formaldehyde resin) and a water-based suspension containing a polymer (including polyurethane). US 2010 / 261629 A1 relates to a particle composition comprising one or more particles made of a core material and a wall material. The core material can consist of silicone oil, waxes, lipids, vitamins, antioxidants, and others. The wall material can consist of polymeric materials (including polyamines, cellulose, melamine-formaldehyde resin).US 2010 / 204357 A1 relates to a coating composition comprising a film-forming resin, a porous solid (such as zeolite) with antimicrobial metals embedded in the pores, and a halogen ion-containing onium compound, wherein the coating exhibits good UV stability. WO 2019 / 045110 A1 describes an antibacterial / antiviral composition comprising a resin, an antiviral agent comprising monovalent copper microparticles coated with a dispersant, and a hydrophilic component dispersed in the resin.

[0005] From US 2013 / 0172419 A1 the use of a polymer composition comprising at least one silicone ionomer and another polymer, active agents such as biocides and fillers is known, which can be used in wound dressings, clinical surfaces, surgical devices, implants, decorative layers or cosmetic products.

[0006] An example of another approach is described in WO 2013 / 156595 A1. Here, a surface-active substance or surfactant is combined with a nanomaterial, forming an antimicrobial nanomaterial complex. A quaternary ammonium cation-containing surfactant is used as the surfactant. Silicon nanoparticles or carbon nanotubes are named as the nanomaterial. The resulting antimicrobial complex is used to coat surfaces.

[0007] Applying permanent antimicrobial protection to wood-based panels is difficult for laypersons, as they are generally uninformed about the precise manufacturing and application requirements (application quantities, application conditions, etc.). Furthermore, the required preparations pose health risks and should therefore only be used by trained personnel. Furthermore, the repeated application at regular intervals leads to downtime. These repeated applications naturally also lead to higher costs.

[0008] This results in various disadvantages, such as high effort, complicated solutions, permanent costs and uncertainty regarding the protective function.

[0009] The present invention was therefore based on the technical problem of equipping a melamine resin surface with an antiviral component. This component was to be embedded in the resin matrix near the surface. Naturally, the addition of the active ingredient should not impair the surface properties of the product. Furthermore, the production of the antiviral surface should be possible using existing equipment. Under no circumstances should the modified surface pose a toxic hazard that would limit its possible applications in any way.

[0010] This object is achieved according to the invention by a composition having the features of claim 1.

[0011] Accordingly, a resin-containing composition with antimicrobial, biocidal properties, in particular antiviral properties, is provided for surface coatings of paper layers or material boards, the composition comprising: at least one formaldehyde resin, in particular a melamine-formaldehyde resin, at least one compound of the general formula (I) R 1 < SiX 3 (I), where X is alkoxy, and R 1< is an organic radical selected from the group comprising C1-C10 alkyl, which may be interrupted by -O- or -NH-, and where R 1< has at least one functional group Q 1 selected from a group containing an amino, methacrylic, methacryloxy, vinyl and epoxide group, and at least one further compound of the general formula (II) Six 4 (II), where X is alkoxy, and at least two biocides.

[0012] ​The present composition makes it possible to introduce or embed biocidal active ingredients into a resin mixture or resin matrix, such as a melamine resin matrix, which is then applied to the surfaces of carrier materials such as wood-based panels or paper layers. For this purpose, the present composition comprises a crosslinking, hydrophilic component with at least one silane compound of the general formula (I) and optionally a further silane compound of the general formula (II). The silane compound of the formula (I) binds to the resin component and the antimicrobial active ingredient via the functional groups Q1. The silane compound of the formula (II) serves to build up an SiO2 network via condensation of the OH groups, bonding to the melamine resin and the antimicrobial active ingredient. The biocidal active ingredient is coupled to the silanes. The complex of active ingredient and silane can then be firmly embedded in the melamine resin via the functional groups Q1 formed during curing orThe condensation processes that occur during pressing are integrated.

[0013] It should be noted that this resin-containing composition is not applied to inorganic, leather-containing, glass-containing, metal-containing, or semi-metal-containing coatings, surfaces, or materials. In particular, this resin-containing composition is applied exclusively to cellulose-containing surfaces and materials, such as paper and wood-based materials, but not to textiles.

[0014] Nanoscale particles, which can be optionally added as described below, enable further absorption of active ingredient and integration into the resin matrix via OH groups due to their large surface area of e.g. more than 200 m 2 < / g.

[0015] In addition to silanes, other alkoxides, especially alkoxytitanates such as titanium isobutylate, can also be used as a connecting agent between the resin and the active ingredient, but in contrast to silanes, these hydrolyze and condense much faster.

[0016] The present composition can be used as a coating or impregnating resin. In the case of impregnating resins, the present resin-containing composition can be applied to the upper side of the core-impregnated paper layer (impregnate) after core impregnation of paper layers (decorative paper, overlay paper) with the commonly used impregnating resins and intermediate drying. However, the present resin-containing composition can also be applied to a printed wood-based panel.

[0017] The use of this composition offers several advantages. For example, the embedding of the active ingredient in the resin matrix provides permanent antimicrobial protection; washing out the active ingredient is difficult or even impossible. Furthermore, disinfection costs are reduced because the active ingredient is only introduced into the surface layer once, eliminating the need for repeated applications of a disinfectant.

[0018] In a further development, it is also possible that silane and the biocide are not used as individual components which form a silane-biocide complex after reaction, but that an already prepared silane-biocide complex such as 3-trimethoxysilylpropyldimethyloctylammonium chloride is used.

[0019] The hydrolyzable radical X of the general formulas (I) and (II) is advantageously selected from a group containing C 1-6 alkoxy, in particular methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, i-propoxy and butoxy.

[0020] In a particularly preferred variant of the present composition, the compound of general formula (II) comprises the formula SiX 4 methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy or i-propoxy and butoxy as X. The compounds tetramethoxysilane and tetraethoxysilane are particularly preferred as the compound of general formula (II).

[0021] The organic radical R 1< of the compound of general formula (I) is preferably selected from a group comprising methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl, cyclohexyl, which may be interrupted by -O- or -NH-.

[0022] In one embodiment of the present composition, the at least one functional group Q 1< of the compound of general formula (I) is selected from a group containing epoxy, amino, and vinyl. Particularly preferred functional groups Q 1< are glycidyloxy and aminoethylamino. The functional group Q 1< can advantageously contain a residue with a double bond or an epoxy group that can be activated and polymerized by UV radiation.

[0023] In a variant of the present composition, compounds of the general formula (I) according to R 1< SiX 3 , with a functional group Q 1< can be selected from methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (MPTS), aminoethylaminopropyltrimethoxysilane, silanes with an epoxy functionalization such as glycidyloxypropyltriethoxysilane, or silanes with a vinyl functionalization such as vinyltrimethoxysilane.

[0024] As described, the radical R 1< can have at least one functional group Q 1<. Furthermore, the radical R 1< can also be substituted by other radicals.

[0025] The term "substituted", when used with "alkyl", "cycloalkyl", "aryl", etc., denotes the substitution of one or more atoms, usually H atoms, by one or more of the following substituents, preferably by one or two of the following substituents: halogen, hydroxy, protected hydroxy, oxo, C 3 -C 7 cycloalkyl, bicyclic alkyl, phenyl, naphthyl, amino, protected amino, monosubstituted amino, protected monosubstituted amino, disubstituted amino, guanidino, protected guanidino, a heterocyclic ring, a substituted heterocyclic ring, imidazolyl, indolyl, pyrrolidinyl, C 1 -C 12 alkoxy, C 1 -C 12 acyl, C 1 -C 12 acyloxy, acryloyloxy, nitro, carboxy, protected carboxy, carbamoyl, cyano, methylsulfonylamino, thiol, C 1 -C 10 alkylthio and C 1 -C 10 alkylsulfonyl.The substituted alkyl groups, aryl groups, alkenyl groups, can be substituted once or multiple times, preferably once or twice, with the same or different substituents.

[0026] The term "aryl," as used herein, refers to aromatic hydrocarbons, for example, phenyl, benzyl, naphthyl, or anthryl. Substituted aryl groups are aryl groups substituted, as defined above, with one or more substituents as defined above.

[0027] The term "cycloalkyl" includes the groups cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl and cycloheptyl.

[0028] A variant may contain at least one compound of general formula (I) and at least one compound of general formula (II), or at least two compounds of general formula (I) and at least one compound of general formula (II). Any combination is conceivable here.

[0029] One embodiment of the resinous composition may contain: at least one formaldehyde resin, in particular a melamine-formaldehyde resin, at least one compound of the general formula (I) R 1< SiX 3 , where X is alkoxy, and R 1< is an organic radical selected from the group comprising C1-C10 alkyl, which may be interrupted by -O- or -NH-, and where R 1< has at least one functional group Q 1 which is selected from a group containing a vinyl and epoxy group, and at least one further compound of the general formula (II) SiX 4 , where X is alkoxy.

[0030] These silanes have proven particularly advantageous for the incorporation and chemical bonding of biocides with functional groups such as hydroxy groups or carboxy groups into the resin matrix.

[0031] Another embodiment of the resinous composition may contain: at least one formaldehyde resin, in particular a melamine-formaldehyde resin, at least one first compound of the general formula (I) R 1< SiX 3 , where X is alkoxy, and R 1< is an organic radical selected from the group comprising C1-C10 alkyl, which may be interrupted by -O- or -NH-, and where R 1< has at least one functional group Q 1 which is selected from a group containing a vinyl and epoxy group, at least one second compound of the general formula (I) R 1< SiX 3 , where X is alkoxy, and R 1< is an organic radical selected from the group comprising C1-C10 alkyl, which may be interrupted by -O- or -NH-, and where R 1< has at least one functional group Q 1 which is selected from a group containing an amino group, and at least one further compound of the general formula (II) SiX 4 , where X is alkoxy.

[0032] This silane mixture has proven particularly advantageous for the incorporation and chemical binding of biocides that are susceptible to complexation, such as copper sulfate.

[0033] In a particularly preferred variant, the composition may comprise glycidyloxypropyltriethoxysilane as the compound of formula (I) and tetraethoxysilane as the compound of formula (II). In a further preferred variant, the composition may comprise glycidyloxypropyltriethoxysilane as the first compound of formula (I), aminoethylaminopropyltriethoxysilane as the second compound of formula (I), and tetraethoxysilane as the compound of formula (II).

[0034] The molar ratios of the compound of formula (I) and formula (II) in the composition can range between 0.5:1 and 25:1, preferably between 5:1 and 15:1. Thus, the molar ratio of glycidyloxypropyltriethoxysilane to tetraethoxysilane can range between 0.8:1 and 4:1, and the molar ratio of glycidyloxypropyltriethoxysilane to aminoethylaminopropyltriethoxysilane can range between 0.7:1 and 2:1.

[0035] As already indicated above, the antimicrobial agent used is a biocide. Biocides containing silver or zinc are preferably avoided. A prerequisite for selecting a suitable biocide is that it complies with EU Regulation No. 528 / 2012 on the placing of biocidal products on the market. Biocides can be classified either by product type, such as disinfectants and preservatives, or by their target organisms (virucides, bactericides, fungicides, etc.). Another essential requirement is the compatibility of the biocide with the resin used.

[0036] In the present case, the at least one biocide can be selected from a group comprising benzalkonium chloride, octylammonium chloride, chitosan, phenylphenol, copper sulfate, lactic acid, nonanoic acid, sodium benzoate, 1-[[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-propyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-yl]methyl]-1H-1,2,4-triazole, 2-octyl-2H-isothiazol-3-one, thiazol-4-yl-1H-benzoimidazole, 3-iodo-2-propynylbutylcarbamate, biphenyl-2-ol, bronopol / calcium-magnesium oxide, copper(II) oxide, 2-pyridinethiol-1-oxide, 4-chloro-meta-cresol. Particularly preferred biocides are benzalkonium chloride, chitosan, phenylphenol, copper sulfate, and 4-chloro-3-methylphenol. The active ingredients listed come from product families 2 and 9, which are already approved or are in the process of being approved for antiviral flooring.

[0037] The at least one biocide may be present in the present composition in an amount (based on the amount of the composition of two silanes and biocide, without resin) between 10 and 30 wt%, preferably between 15 and 25 wt%, particularly preferably between 18 and 23 wt%, e.g. 20 wt% or 22 wt%.

[0038] According to the invention, the resin-containing composition contains at least two biocides.

[0039] It has been found that in the case of certain biocides, such as phenylphenol, high amounts of the biocide, e.g. over 20 wt%, can lead to demixing of the resin-containing composition and thus to optical inhomogeneities on the surfaces.

[0040] To ensure a high level of effectiveness of the antiviral additive in such cases, it has proven advantageous to add another biocide, such as 4-chloro-3-methylphenol, to the resin-containing composition, especially in a sub-quantity. This prevents separation while simultaneously ensuring good antiviral activity.

[0041] In the case of the use of two biocides, the first biocide can be used in an amount between 15 and 25 wt%, preferably 20 wt%, and the second biocide in an amount between 0.1 and 2 wt%, preferably between 0.3 and 0.8 wt%, particularly preferably 0.5 wt% (in each case based on the amount of the composition of two silanes and biocide, without resin).

[0042] In a particularly preferred variant, phenylphenol is used as the first biocide and 4-chloro-3-methylphenol as the second biocide. The amount of phenylphenol can be 20 wt% and the amount of 4-chloro-3-methylphenol can be 0.48 wt%.

[0043] However, it would also be possible to use the two biocides in a weight ratio between 1:0.5 and 1:1.5, especially 1:1; ie, the two biocides can be used in equal amounts, for example. The ratio is controlled by the specific properties of the biocides used.

[0044] The molar ratio of silane to antiviral agent can range from 100:1 to 5:1.

[0045] In a further embodiment, the present composition may contain inorganic particles, in particular nanoparticles based on SiO 2 , such as silica gels or zeolites. The particles preferably used have a size between 2 and 400 nm, preferably between 2 and 100 nm, particularly preferably between 2 and 50 nm. The addition of the inorganic particles can further increase the amount of active ingredient absorbed.

[0046] The mass ratio between oxide from alkoxides and oxide from additional nanoparticles ranges from 1.4:1 to 1.26:1 to 1:2.3. Typical silica gels are silica sols such as Levasil 200 B 30, CS 30 716P, and CS 20 516P. These silica sols exhibit a depot effect and can thus improve efficacy.

[0047] As already indicated above, in yet another embodiment, at least one alkoxytitanate, such as tetraisopropyl orthotitanate (titanium isopropylate) or tetraisobutyl orthotitanate (titanium isobutylate), can be added to the present composition. These serve as additional linking agents between the resin and the active ingredient, but in the case of alkoxytitanates, they hydrolyze and condense significantly faster than silanes. At the same time, they increase the condensation rate of the entire system, making it easier to remove the alcohol and thus creating purely aqueous systems.

[0048] The ratio of silane to alkoxytitanate is 30:1, preferably 26.6:1.

[0049] The present resin-containing composition is preferably used in aqueous form, which may contain no alcohol or a small amount of alcohol.

[0050] In the case of an aqueous composition, this can be prepared in a process comprising the following steps: Providing an aqueous suspension containing at least one compound of general formula (I) and at least one compound of general formula (II); adding at least one catalyst, in particular an acid, to the suspension of at least one compound of formula (I) and at least one compound of formula (II); heating the mixture; adding at least one antimicrobial agent and optionally heating the mixture; optionally separating the alcoholic phase formed (e.g., by evaporation) from the aqueous phase of the mixture of at least one compound of formula (I), at least one compound of formula (II), and the at least one antimicrobial agent; adding the mixture (or additive) of two silanes and biocide to a formaldehyde resin

[0051] Inorganic and / or organic acids suitable as catalysts are selected from a group consisting of phosphoric acid, acetic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, hydrochloric acid, formic acid, or sulfuric acid. Ammonium salts such as ammonium sulfate, which react as weak acids, are also suitable. p -Toluenesulfonic acid is particularly preferred.

[0052] If inorganic nanoparticles, such as silica sol, are added to the composition, they are preferably added together with the active ingredient. In one variant, however, the active ingredient can also be added at a later time, e.g., after the silica sol.

[0053] The resulting aqueous suspension of the composition of two silanes and a biocide is stable and is stirred into aqueous, thermosetting formaldehyde resins, such as melamine resins, as an additive to create an antimicrobial surface. UV-curable polymers or coatings are not used here as a matrix for the antiviral composition or additive comprising the two silanes and the biocide.

[0054] However, it is also possible that the individual components, ie silanes and biocide, of the composition are mixed directly into the resin; in this case, the composition is not present as a separate additive, but rather is produced in situ in the resin.

[0055] In this case, the composition is prepared in situ as follows: Initially, a resin suspension, in particular a formaldehyde resin suspension such as a melamine-formaldehyde resin; addition of an aqueous suspension containing at least one compound of the general formula (I), and optionally at least one compound of the general formula (II); addition of at least one catalyst, in particular an acid, to the suspension of at least one compound of the formula (I) and optionally at least one compound of the formula (II); heating the mixture; addition of at least one antimicrobial agent and optionally of inorganic nanoparticles, such as silica sol; further heating of the mixture until the modified resin is obtained.

[0056] After adding the antimicrobial composition as an additive to a resin or due to in situ production in a resin, a resin suspension based on a formaldehyde resin is provided which has antimicrobial properties.

[0057] The amount of active ingredient or biocide added to the resin is adjusted so that the resin suspension contains between 1 and 5% by weight, preferably between 2 and 3% by weight of biocide based on the solid resin.

[0058] This antimicrobially effective resin suspension can be used for coating substrate materials, in particular paper layers, such as decorative or overlay paper layers, or in particular wood-based panels, such as chipboard, medium-density fiberboard (MDF), high-density fiberboard (HDF) or OSB boards, plywood boards or plastic composite boards (WPC).

[0059] Accordingly, a method for producing a paper layer or wood-based panel with an antiviral effect is also provided, wherein the at least one paper layer or wood-based panel is provided with at least one coating, in particular as a surface coating, wherein the at least one coating comprises at least one resin-containing composition as described above. The resin suspension is typically applied to a wood-based panel using rollers, and the resin suspension is applied to a paper layer using a screen.

[0060] Accordingly, a method is provided that enables the surface coating of various carrier materials, such as wood-based panels or paper layers, that possesses antimicrobial, biocidal properties, in particular antiviral properties. The carrier material provided by this method thus has at least one antivirally effective coating, in particular at least one antivirally effective surface coating.

[0061] In one embodiment, a decorative paper or overlay paper layer is used as the paper layer.

[0062] In this case, the present process enables the production of an antivirally effective impregnate. In one variant, a decorative paper layer or an overlay paper layer is first impregnated with at least one liquid or powdered resin composition. Subsequently, at least one coating comprising at least one formaldehyde resin, in particular a melamine-formaldehyde resin, and at least one composition producible from at least one compound of general formula (I), at least one compound of general formula (II), and at least one antimicrobial active ingredient, in particular at least one biocide, is applied to at least one outer side of the impregnated paper layer.

[0063] The impregnate produced using this process has the following layer structure: at least one paper layer impregnated with a resin, in particular a decorative paper layer or an overlay paper layer; and at least one antiviral coating provided on the at least one impregnated paper layer.

[0064] In this context, the term "impregnation" refers to the complete or partial saturation of the paper layer with the resin. Such impregnations can be applied, for example, in an impregnation bath, by rollers, anilox rollers, by doctor blades, or even by spraying.

[0065] As mentioned, overlay, decorative or kraft papers are used as paper layers. Overlay papers are thin papers that have typically already been impregnated with a conventional melamine resin. Overlay papers are also available in which abrasion-resistant particles, such as corundum particles, are mixed into the overlay resin to increase abrasion resistance. Decorative papers are specialty papers for finishing the surfaces of wood materials, allowing for a wide variety of decorations. In addition to the typical prints of various wood structures, more complex prints of geometric shapes or artistic products are available. There are virtually no restrictions on the choice of motifs. To ensure optimal printability, the paper used must have good smoothness and dimensional stability and must also be suitable for penetration by any necessary synthetic resin impregnation.Kraft papers are highly durable and consist of cellulose fibers to which starch, alum, and glue are added to create surface effects and increase strength.

[0066] The paper layers are impregnated in two steps. First, the core is impregnated with a standard resin (melamine or urea resin, or mixtures of the two resins), followed by intermediate drying. Subsequently, a melamine resin containing the appropriate active ingredient is applied to the upper surface of the impregnated material, e.g., in a screen unit. This is followed by another drying step. The pretreated impregnated material is then further processed into the required intermediate or final product. This can be a direct coating for furniture, interior design, or flooring applications. Laminates can also be produced, which can then also be used for the applications described above.

[0067] In one embodiment, the paper layers are treated as follows: First, the back of the paper layer is impregnated (e.g., in an impregnation tank) with a resin with a solids content between 50 and 70 wt%, preferably 55 wt%. After passing through a breathing zone, immersion impregnation with a resin follows. The impregnate then passes through a drying tunnel, where it is dried back to a residual moisture content of 15-20%. In a second impregnation step, a resin with a solids content between 50 and 70 wt%, preferably 55 wt%, containing the antimicrobial composition is applied. A further drying step follows to a residual moisture content of approximately 6%. The impregnate can then be pressed onto a wood-based panel in the usual way, e.g., in a short-cycle press.

[0068] It is also possible to press the impregnated material provided with the antiviral coating with additional paper layers. Thus, in a preferred embodiment, the overlay paper layer provided with the antiviral coating can be pressed with at least one decorative paper layer (not impregnated with the modified resin), at least one impregnated kraft paper layer, and at least one transparent paper layer (glassine). Such a layer structure can look like this from top to bottom: an overlay paper layer provided with the antiviral coating, a decorative paper layer (not impregnated with the modified resin), optionally a glassine layer, a kraft paper layer impregnated with the modified resin, and a glassine layer. The (flexible) laminate produced in this way can then be pressed with a wood-based panel or glued to the wood-based panel.

[0069] In another embodiment, a particle board, a medium-density fiberboard (MDF), high-density fiberboard (HDF) or OSB board, plywood board or a plastic composite board (WPC) is preferably used as the wood-based panel.

[0070] In this case, the present method enables the production of an antiviral laminate.

[0071] In one variant, at least one decorative layer is first applied to the at least one wood-based panel, followed by at least one antiviral coating comprising at least one formaldehyde resin, in particular a melamine-formaldehyde resin, and at least one composition producible from at least one compound of general formula (I), at least one compound of general formula (II), and at least one antimicrobial agent, in particular at least one biocide. This layer structure is then pressed to form a laminate.

[0072] The laminate produced using this process has the following layer structure: at least one wood-based panel; at least one decorative layer provided on the wood-based panel, in particular in the form of a direct print or a decorative paper layer, and at least one antiviral (resin-containing) coating provided on the at least one decorative layer.

[0073] In one embodiment, the decorative layer is applied to a wood-based panel as a carrier material by direct printing or as a decorative paper layer. Subsequently, an antivirally active liquid resin layer comprising at least one formaldehyde resin, in particular a melamine-formaldehyde resin, and at least one composition producible from at least one compound of general formula (I) and at least one antimicrobial agent, in particular at least one biocide, can be applied to the decorative layer. It is also possible to apply a paper layer provided with the antivirally active coating as a cover layer. This can be, for example, an overlay impregnated material as already described above.

[0074] Accordingly, the present method serves to produce an antivirally effective laminate for use as a floor, wall or ceiling covering and furniture with a carrier for a decorative layer applied directly to the carrier or a decorative layer arranged separately on the carrier and a cover layer applied directly to the decorative layer or a cover layer arranged on the decorative layer, which are pressed together under the action of pressure and temperature to form the laminate, wherein the above-mentioned structures have an antivirally effective melamine-formaldehyde resin at least in the outer layer or the outer layer.

[0075] The pressing temperature depends on the substrate material. For wood fiberboards, such as MDF or HDF boards, or particleboard, the pressing temperature is between 170 and 230°C, preferably between 190 and 200°C. However, for plastic composite boards (WPC), the pressing temperature must be reduced by 30–40°C. For WPC boards, the pressing temperature is between 130 and 180°C, e.g., 150°C.

[0076] As mentioned, in a preferred embodiment, the resin-containing antimicrobial composition can be applied to a printed wood-based panel.

[0077] For this purpose, a wood-based panel or carrier board is first provided with a resin primer, onto which at least one primer layer is applied. The primer layer preferably used comprises a composition of casein or soy protein as a binder and inorganic pigments, in particular inorganic color pigments. White pigments such as titanium dioxide or other color pigments such as calcium carbonate, barium sulfate or barium carbonate can be used as color pigments in the primer layer. In addition to the color pigments and the casein or soy protein, the primer can also contain water as a solvent. It is also preferred if the applied pigmented base layer consists of at least one, preferably at least two, particularly preferably at least four successively applied layers or applications, whereby the application quantity between the layers or applications can be the same or different.

[0078] In another variant, a primer layer is applied to the primer, preferably as a single coat with subsequent drying. This primer layer is particularly useful in the case of a subsequent gravure printing process (with rollers), whereas it is not absolutely necessary when using a digital printing process.

[0079] The amount of liquid primer applied is between 10 and 30 g / m², preferably between 15 and 20 g / m². Polyurethane-based compounds are preferred as primers.

[0080] Gravure and digital printing processes are advantageously used as direct printing methods for printing on the wood-based panel.

[0081] Cover layers with or without additives are applied to the decorative layer, which can vary in quantity and composition.

[0082] In one variant, the following orders can be made: Applying at least one first resin layer to the at least one decorative layer on the upper side of the wood-based panel, wherein the first resin layer has a solids content of between 60 and 80% by weight, preferably 65% by weight; drying the structure comprising the first resin layer in at least one drying device; applying at least one second resin layer to the upper side and optionally to the underside of the wood-based panel, wherein the second resin layer has a solids content of between 60 and 80% by weight, preferably 65% by weight; optionally evenly sprinkling abrasion-resistant particles onto the second resin layer on the upper side of the wood-based panel; subsequently drying the second resin layer with the optional abrasion-resistant particles in at least one drying device;Applying at least a third and a fourth resin layer, the third having a solids content of between 50 and 70% by weight, preferably 60% by weight, then drying the applied third resin layer in at least one further drying device; applying at least a fourth resin layer, the fourth resin layer having a solids content of between 50 and 70% by weight, preferably 60% by weight; then drying the applied fourth resin layer in at least one further drying device; applying at least one resin suspension with a solids content of between 50 and 70% by weight, preferably 55% by weight, comprising the antimicrobial composition according to the invention, then drying the applied resin suspension in at least one further drying device; and pressing the layer structure in a short-cycle press.

[0083] In one embodiment, glass beads can be applied to the third, fourth, and / or fifth resin layer to act as spacers. The preferred glass beads have a diameter of 80–100 µm. The amount of glass beads is 10 to 50 g / m 2 , preferably 10 to 30 g / m 2 , particularly preferably 15 to 25 g / m 2 . The mixture preferably consists of approximately 40 kg of liquid resin plus glass beads and auxiliary materials. The glass beads can also be in silanized form. Silanizing the glass beads improves their embedding in the resin matrix.

[0084] As already mentioned above, abrasion-resistant particles, such as particles of corundum (aluminum oxide), boron carbides, silicon dioxide, or silicon carbides, can be sprinkled onto the wood-based panel. Corundum particles are particularly preferred. These are preferably high-transparency white corundum particles, so that the visual effect of the underlying decor is adversely affected as little as possible.

[0085] The amount of abrasion-resistant particles scattered on the surface is 10 to 50 g / m², preferably 10 to 30 g / m², and particularly preferably 15 to 25 g / m². The amount of abrasion-resistant particles scattered on the surface depends on the desired abrasion class and the grain size. Thus, the amount of abrasion-resistant particles in the case of abrasion class AC3 is in the range between 10 to 15 g / m², in abrasion class AC4 between 15 to 20 g / m², and in abrasion class AC5 between 20 to 35 g / m² when using grain size F200. In this case, the finished panels preferably have abrasion class AC4.

[0086] Abrasion-resistant particles with grain sizes in the F180 to F240 classes, preferably F200, are used. The grain size of class F180 covers a range of 53–90 µm, F220 45–75 µm, F230 34–82 µm, and F240 28–70 µm (FEPA standard). In one variant, white fused alumina F230 is used as abrasion-resistant particles.

[0087] The resin layers are dried at temperatures between 150 and 220°C, preferably between 180 and 210°C, particularly in a convection dryer. The temperature is adjusted to the specific resin layers and can vary within each convection dryer. However, other dryers can also be used instead of convection dryers.

[0088] In the pressing step following the final drying step, the layered structure is pressed together under pressure and temperature influences in a short-cycle press at temperatures between 150 and 250°C, preferably at 160°C, and a pressure between 30 and 60 kg / cm². The pressing time is between 10 and 20 seconds, preferably between 12 and 14 seconds.

[0089] The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to exemplary embodiments. Example 1: a first antimicrobial additive AV-1

[0090] This is an aqueous additive that can be mixed into the resin during production.

[0091] Description of the preparation of additive AV-1: 214 g of glycidyloxypropyltriethoxysilane are placed in a stirred flask. 9 g of 10% acetic acid are added. After stirring for 10 minutes at room temperature, 10 g of titanium isobutylate are added and stirred for a further 10 minutes. 391 g of Kieselsol CS 30 716P are then added. The mixture heats up to approximately 60 °C due to hydrolysis and is then heated to 80 °C and refluxed. After approximately 50 minutes, benzalkonium chloride in water (20% solution) and 8 g of aminoethylaminopropyltriethoxysilane are added. The hydrolyzate is refluxed at 80 °C for a further 60 minutes. The mixture is then diluted with another 85 g of water, and the ethanol produced during hydrolysis is removed using a rotary evaporator. After removing the alcohol, the mixture has a flash point of over 85 °C. This additive can now be added to the finished melamine resin. Example 2: a second antimicrobial additive AV-2

[0092] This is an aqueous additive with residual alcohol, which can be mixed into the resin during production.

[0093] Description of the preparation of additive AV-2: 59.7 g of glycidyloxypropyltriethoxysilane and 10.91 g of tetraethoxysilane are placed in a stirred flask. A mixture consisting of 30.98 g of H2O, 5 g of ethanol, and 2.24 g of para-toluenesulfonic acid is added. The mixture warms to approximately 55 °C and is stirred for approximately 60 minutes. Part of the alcohol produced during hydrolysis is removed after 12 hours of standing time using a rotary evaporator. The weight of the mixture is reduced by 17 wt.%. A further 10 g of H2O and 0.352 g of para-toluenesulfonic acid are then added to 10 g of this hydrolyzate. Using a dispersing stirrer, 0.51 g of chitosan is then dissolved in this mixture. After 10 minutes of stirring, a transparent, highly viscous additive is obtained, which can now be added to the finished resin. Example 3: a third antimicrobial additive AV-3

[0094] This is an aqueous additive with residual alcohol, which can be mixed into the resin during production.

[0095] Description of the preparation of additive AV-3: 20.0 g of glycidyloxypropyltriethoxysilane and 12.8 g of tetraethoxysilane are placed in a stirred flask. A mixture consisting of 18.1 g of H2O, 2 g of ethanol, and 0.76 g of para-toluenesulfonic acid is added. The mixture warms to approximately 55°C and is stirred for approximately 60 minutes. The mixture is then heated to 80°C under reflux, and after 60 minutes, 8.4 g of phenylphenol are added to the mixture. The hydrolyzate is then boiled at 80°C for a further 60 minutes. Part of the alcohol formed during hydrolysis is removed after 12 hours of standing time using a rotary evaporator. The weight of the mixture is reduced by 12% by weight. A transparent additive is obtained, which can now be added to the finished resin. Example 4:a fourth antimicrobial additive AV-4

[0096] This is an additive that is produced in the resin (in situ) and therefore cannot be used as a standalone additive.

[0097] Description of the preparation of additive AV-4: Place 215 g of melamine resin (supplied from Heiligengrabe) in a stirred flask. Add a mixture consisting of 8.0 g of glycidyloxypropyltriethoxysilane, 7.1 g of tetraethoxysilane, 5.2 g of aminoethylaminopropyltriethoxysilane, and a mixture consisting of 12.2 g of H 2 O and 0.44 g of para-toluenesulfonic acid. The mixture is heated to approximately 45 g and stirred for a further 60 minutes. Then, 2.91 g of copper sulfate and 9.8 g of Kieselsol CS 20 516 P are added, and stirring is continued for a further 12 hours. A translucent, slightly bluish modified resin is obtained. Example 5: a fifth antimicrobial additive AV-5

[0098] This is an additive that is produced in the resin (in situ) and therefore cannot be shipped as a standalone additive.

[0099] Description of the preparation of additive AV-5: 215 g of melamine resin (supplied from Heiligengrabe) is placed in a stirred flask. A mixture consisting of 8.0 g of glycidyloxypropyltriethoxysilane, 7.1 g of tetraethoxysilane, 5.2 g of aminoethylaminopropyltriethoxysilane, and a mixture consisting of 12.2 g of H 2 O and 0.44 g of para-toluenesulfonic acid is added. The mixture is heated to approximately 45 g and stirred for a further 60 minutes. 1.99 g of copper sulfate and 9.8 g of Kieselsol 200 B 30 are then added, and stirring is continued for a further 12 hours. A translucent, slightly grayish modified resin is obtained. Example 6: a sixth antimicrobial additive AV-6

[0100] This is an additive that is produced in the resin (in situ) and therefore cannot be shipped as a standalone additive.

[0101] Description of the preparation of additive AV-6: 215 g of melamine resin (supplied from Heiligengrabe) is placed in a stirred flask. A mixture consisting of 8.0 g of glycidyloxypropyltriethoxysilane, 7.1 g of tetraethoxysilane, 10.4 g of aminoethylaminopropyltriethoxysilane, and a mixture consisting of 12.2 g of H 2 O and 0.44 g of para-toluenesulfonic acid is added. The mixture is heated to approximately 45 g and stirred for a further 60 minutes. 5.82 g of copper sulfate and 22.1 g of Kieselsol CS 20 516 P are then added, and stirring is continued for a further 24 hours. A translucent, slightly bluish modified resin is obtained. Example 7: Applying the composition according to the invention to a decorative paper

[0102] In a first impregnation step, a decorative paper (basis weight: 70 g / m², width: 2070 mm) was impregnated with an aqueous melamine resin (solids content: 55 wt%) in a quantity of 130 g / m² in an impregnation channel. The production speed was 50 m / min. The melamine resin contained the usual additives (hardener, wetting agent, defoamer, etc.).

[0103] The impregnated material then passed through a drying tunnel, where it was dried back to a residual moisture content of 15 - 20%.

[0104] In a second impregnation step, 40 g of melamine resin (fl. / m²) were applied using an anilox roller. This resin contained 2% by weight of antiviral agent per solid resin. The melamine resin had a solids content of approximately 55% by weight.

[0105] The impregnate is then dried again in a flotation dryer. This process is carried out to a residual moisture content of 5.5–6.0 wt%. The impregnate is then cut to size (2.8 or 5.6 x 2.07 m) or rolled up. The sheets were then pressed onto particleboard in a short-cycle press, with a blank sample without any active ingredient in the surface also being tested. The pressing parameters were: pressing pressure 40 kg / cm², pressing temperature 190°C, pressing time 15 sec.

[0106] The coated panels were subjected to the usual tests specified in the quality assurance process. Test* Blank sample Variant 1 Variant 2 Variant 3 Variant 4 Variant 5 Variant 6 Acid test** Level 1 Level 1 Level 1 Level 1 Level 1 Level 1 Level 1 Scratch test Grade 3 Grade 3 Grade 3 Grade 3 Grade 4 Grade 4 Grade 4 Water vapor test o. B n.b. n.b. n.b. n.b. n.b. n.b. Stain resistance Level 4 Level 4 Level 4 Level 5 Level 4 Level 5 Level 5 *The tests were carried out except for the acid test according to DIN EN 14323- 2017-07 ** Level 1: no findings, Level 2: slight change in gloss level and / or color Level 3: strong change in gloss level and / or color As can be seen from the table, no abnormalities were found.

[0107] Production samples were sent to a testing laboratory to conduct "testing of fabrics and materials for antiviral activity using a non-enveloped test virus."

[0108] In the test based on the specifications of ISO 21702:2019-05 "Measurement of antiviral activity on plastic and other non-porous surfaces," all test samples showed an antiviral efficacy A (log10 PFU) value of >3 (ISO 18184:2014-09 Annex G). This means a significant reduction was achieved for all test samples. Example 8: Applying the composition according to the invention to an overlay

[0109] In a first impregnation step, an overlay (basis weight: 25 g / m², width: 2070 mm) was impregnated with an aqueous melamine resin (solids content: 55 wt%) in a quantity of 135 g / m² in an impregnation channel. The production speed was 50 m / min. The melamine resin contained the usual additives (hardener, wetting agent, defoamer, etc.).

[0110] The impregnated material then passed through a drying tunnel, where it was dried back to a residual moisture content of 15 - 20%.

[0111] In a second impregnation step, 40 g of melamine resin (fl. / m²) were applied using an anilox roller. This resin contained 2% by weight of antiviral agent per solid resin. The melamine resin had a solids content of approximately 55% by weight.

[0112] The impregnated material is then dried again in a flotation dryer. It is dried to a residual moisture content of 5.5–6.0 wt%. The impregnated material is then cut to size (2.8 or 5.6 x 2.07 m) or rolled up. The sheets are then pressed into a laminate in a continuous press. The following setup was used: Overlay impregnated with antiviral agent (see above) Decorative impregnated (paper weight: 70 g / m 2< , resin application: 100 wt% melamine resin, VC value: 5.6-6.0%) Core layer (underlay impregnated NKP; paper weight: 160 g / m 2< , resin application: approx. 85 wt% mixed resin, purchased) Parchment (paper weight: 50 g / m 2< )

[0113] The pressing parameters were: feed rate: 8 m / min, pressing pressure 80 kg / cm 2< , pressing temperature: 190°C.

[0114] The laminate was then glued onto a 38 mm chipboard (adhesive: urea-formaldehyde glue), which was provided with a worktop profile on one side and then the laminate overhang was deformed and pressed around the glued profile in a postforming line.

[0115] The laminate can also be used for vertical applications. Instead of the overlay, a decorative impregnated with antiviral treatment can be used. Example 9: Applying the composition according to the invention to an overlay

[0116] In a first impregnation step, an overlay (basis weight: 25 g / m², width: 2070 mm) was impregnated with an aqueous melamine resin (solids content: 55 wt%) in an impregnation channel at a rate of 135 g / m². The production speed was 50 m / min. The melamine resin contained the usual auxiliary materials (hardener, wetting agent, defoamer, etc.). After the resin was applied, corundum was sprinkled onto the upper surface of the overlay using a sprinkler device. The resin used was F 230 (FEPA standard). The application rate was 20 g / m².

[0117] The impregnated material then passed through a drying tunnel, where it was dried back to a residual moisture content of 15 - 20%.

[0118] In a second impregnation step, 40 g of melamine resin (fl. / m²) were applied to the back of the overlay using an anilox roller. This resin contained 2% by weight of antiviral agent on the solid resin. The melamine resin had a solids content of approximately 55% by weight.

[0119] The impregnated material is then dried again in a flotation dryer. It is dried to a residual moisture content of 5.5–6.0% by weight. The impregnated material is then cut to size (2.8 or 5.6 x 2.07 m) or rolled up. The sheets are then pressed in a short-cycle press to form a laminate flooring structure. The following setup was used: Overlay impregnated with antiviral agent (see above) Decorative impregnated (resin application: 100 wt% melamine resin, VC value: 5.6-6.0%) HDF, 8 mm counteracting impregnated (paper weight: 80 g / m 2<, resin application: 120 wt%)

[0120] The pressing parameters were: pressing pressure 40 kg / cm 2< , pressing temperature: 190°C, pressing time: 12 sec.

[0121] The overlay can also be used in a flooring construction where the HDF has been directly printed. In this case, the overlay is used instead of the final resin application containing the antiviral agent. Example 10: Applying the composition according to the invention to a wood-based panel

[0122] An HDF (format: 2800 x 2070 x 7 mm) is first primed with a melamine resin in a direct printing line (application rate: approx. 20 g melamine resin fl. / m², solids content: approx. 65 wt.%). The resin is dried in a circulating air dryer, and then a colored primer consisting of titanium dioxide and casein is applied. This colored primer is applied up to seven times. The application rate is 5 - 10 g primer fl. / coating unit. After each application, intermediate drying is carried out using a circulating air and / or IR dryer. A primer is then applied (application rate 10 - 20 g fl / m²). This is also dried. A decoration is then printed onto this primer using gravure or digital printing.

[0123] A top layer of melamine resin is then applied (application rate: 10–30 g melamine resin per m², solids content: 65 wt%). The melamine resin contains glass beads (diameter of glass beads: 80–100 µm, application rate: 5 g glass beads per m²) as spacers. The panels then pass through a dryer. They are then cooled in a paternoster conveyor.

[0124] The panels are then coated on a production line with melamine resin on the top side (application rate: 60 g melamine resin fl. / m², solids: 65 wt.%). At the same time, a melamine resin countercoat is applied to the back side in the same quantity, also using a roller. Corundum is then sprinkled onto the top side of the panel (application rate: 20 g corundum / m², grain size: F230 according to FEPA standard). The coating is then flashed off or dried in a dryer using IR lamps or circulating air. Subsequently, two further coats of 30 g melamine resin fl. / m² (solids content: 60 wt.%) are applied using roller application units. Each coat is subjected to intermediate drying.

[0125] In a final roller application, 40 g of melamine resin (fl. / m²) were applied using an anilox roller. This resin contained 2% by weight of antiviral agent on the solid resin. The melamine resin had a solids content of approximately 55% by weight.

[0126] The panels are dried in a circulating air dryer. The panels are then transferred to a short-cycle press. There, the assembly is pressed at T=180°C, p=30 kg / cm², and t=14 sec. A press plate with a deckle-edge structure was used. Example 11: Additive AV-30

[0127] This is a water-based additive without residual alcohol, which can be mixed into the resin during production. Alcohol can cause explosion protection problems in certain plants at certain concentrations. Furthermore, the processing of large quantities imposes requirements under emissions regulations. Therefore, an attempt was made to modify the AV-3-based additive to create a purely water-based, non-flammable additive. Description of the production of the additive AV-31:

[0128] 20.0 g of glycidyloxypropyltriethoxysilane and 12.8 g of tetraethoxysilane are placed in a stirred flask. A mixture consisting of 18.1 g of H2O and 0.44 g of an ion exchanger (Lewatit 2629) is added. The mixture is heated to approximately 60 °C and stirred for approximately 120 minutes. The ion exchanger is then sieved off, and the mixture is heated under reflux to 80 °C. After 60 minutes, 10.7 g of phenylphenol (approximately 22.4 wt. %) are added, and the hydrolyzate is then kept at 80 °C for a further 60 minutes after the addition of a mixture of 3.3 g of demineralized water, 2.1 g of dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether, and 0.3 g of sodium dodecylbenzosulfonate. The alcohol produced during hydrolysis is removed after 12 hours of standing time using a rotary evaporator (approx. 19 g). The flash point of this additive is now > 85 °C. This additive can now be added to aqueous melamine resin.

[0129] Production trials have shown that insufficient mixing (e.g. downtime of the system or insufficient speed during mixing) can lead to demixing phenomena and thus to optical inhomogeneity, which can seriously disturb the visual appearance of the furniture surface.

[0130] Laboratory tests showed that this is primarily due to the phenylphenol content. The maximum phenylphenol content without separation is ≤ 20 wt.%.

[0131] In order not to reduce the effectiveness of the additive and not to jeopardize production safety, the content of phenylphenol was slightly reduced and replaced by another approved biocide product (4-chloro-3-methylphenol). Example 12: Additive AV-34+ Description of the production of the additive AV-34+:

[0132] Place 20.0 g of glycidyloxypropyltriethoxysilane and 12.8 g of tetraethoxysilane in a stirred flask. A mixture consisting of 18.1 g of H2O and 0.44 g of an ion exchanger (Lewatit 2629) is added. The mixture is heated to approximately 60 °C and stirred for approximately 120 minutes. The ion exchanger is then sieved off, and the mixture is heated under reflux to 80 °C. After 60 minutes, 9.56 g of phenylphenol (approx. 20 wt.%) and 0.23 g of 4-chloro-3-methylphenol (approx. 0.48 wt.%) are added. The hydrolyzate is then held at 80 °C for a further 60 minutes after the addition of a mixture of 3.3 g of demineralized water, 2.1 g of dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether, and 0.3 g of sodium dodecylbenzosulfonate. The alcohol formed during hydrolysis is removed after 12 hours of standing time using a rotary evaporator (approx. 19 g). The flash point of this additive is now > 85 °C. This additive can now be added to aqueous melamine resin.

[0133] Laboratory tests have shown that this low addition of 4-chloro-3-methylphenol does not cause any odor nuisance from the new biocide. Only at a concentration above 0.8 wt.% can the 4-chloro-3-methylphenol be detected by smell at processing temperatures above 150 °C.

[0134] Apart from the odor nuisance, we can increase the content of 4-chloro-3-methylphenol up to 28 wt.% without detecting any inhomogeneity.

[0135] Practical tests show that even after longer periods of use, there is no inhomogeneity in the surface and no demixing could be observed. Antiviral tests:

[0136] The antiviral compositions were tested for their antiviral activity according to ISO 217022:2019-05 "Measurement of antiviral activity on plastic and other non-porous surfaces".

[0137] The results showed significant antiviral activity for AV-1 to AV-6 against bacteriophage MS2 (DSM 13767) with a log10 PFU above 4.5.

[0138] A virus reduction of 97.2% was also demonstrated for Bovine Coronavirus (BoCV).

Claims

1. A resin-containing composition having antimicrobial properties, in particular antiviral properties, for surface coatings of paper layers or wood-based panels, the composition comprising: - at least one formaldehyde resin, in particular a melamine-formaldehyde resin, - at least one compound of the general formula (I)         R1SiX3     (I), whereby - X is alkoxy, and - R1 is an organic moiety selected from the group comprising C1-C10 alkyl, which may be interrupted by -O- or -NH-, and - wherein R1 comprises at least one functional moiety Q1 selected from a group comprising an amino, methacrylic, methacryloxy, vinyl and epoxy moiety, - at least one further compound of the general formula (II)         SiX4     (II), where X is alkoxy, and - at least two biocides.

2. Composition according to claim 1, characterized in that X is selected from a group comprising C1-6 -alkoxy, in particular methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, i-propoxy and butoxy.

3. Composition according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that R1 of the compound of the general formula (I) is selected from a group comprising methyl, ethyl, propyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl, which may be interrupted by -O- or -NH-.

4. Composition according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one functional moiety Q1 of the compound of the general formula (I) is selected from a group comprising epoxide, amino and vinyl moiety.

5. Composition according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least two biocides are phenylphenol and 4-chloro-3-methylphenol.

6. Composition according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by at least one alkoxytitanate, such as tetraisopropyl orthotitanate (titanium isopropylate) or tetraisobutyl orthotitanate (titanium isobutylate).

7. A paper layer, preferably a decorative paper layer or an overlay paper layer, coated with at least one resin-containing composition according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. A method for producing a paper layer provided with an antiviral effect according to claim 7, wherein the at least one paper layer is provided with at least one coating, in particular at least one surface coating, comprising a resin-containing composition according to one of claims 1-6.

9. Method according to claim 8, characterized by the following steps: - Impregnation of at least one paper layer with a resin suspension; - Application of at least one antivirally active coating comprising a resin-containing composition according to any one of claims 1-6 to the at least one impregnated paper layer, preferably in an anilox mill; and - Drying of the paper layer to form an impregnate.

10. A wood-based panel coated with at least one resin-containing composition according to one of claims 1 to 6.

11. A method for producing a wood-based panel provided with an antiviral effect according to claim 10, wherein the at least one wood-based panel is provided with at least one coating, in particular at least one surface coating, comprising a resin-containing composition according to any one of claims 1-6.

12. Method according to claim 11, characterized in that the at least one wood-based panel is, in particular preferably, a chipboard, medium-density fibre (MDF), high-density fibre (HDF) or coarse chipboard (OSB) panel, plywood panel or a plastic composite panel (WPC).

13. Method according to one of claims 11-12, characterized by the following steps: - Application of at least one decorative layer, in particular in the form of direct printing or a decorative paper layer, to the at least one wood-based panel; - Application of at least one antivirally effective coating comprising a resin-containing composition according to any one of claims 1-6 to the at least one decorative layer; - Pressing the layer structure to form a laminate.

14. Method according to claim 13, characterized by the following steps: - Application of at least one first resin layer to the at least one decorative layer on the upper side of the wood-based panel, the first resin layer having a solids content of between 60 and 80% by weight, preferably 65% by weight; - Drying the structure of the first resin layer in at least one drying device; - Application of at least one second resin layer to the upper side and optionally to the underside of the wood-based panel, the second resin layer having a solids content of between 60 and 80% by weight, preferably 65% by weight; - optional even scattering of abrasion-resistant particles on the second resin layer on the top side of the wood-based panel; - subsequent drying of the second resin layer with the optional abrasion-resistant particles in at least one drying device; - Application of at least a third and a fourth resin layer, the third having a solids content of between 50 and 70% by weight, preferably 60% by weight, - subsequent drying of the applied third resin layer in at least one further drying device; - Application of at least a fourth resin layer, the fourth resin layer having a solids content of between 50 and 70% by weight, preferably 60% by weight; - subsequent drying of the applied fourth resin layer in at least one further drying device; - Application of at least one resin suspension having a solids content of between 50 and 70% by weight, preferably 55% by weight, comprising the resin-containing composition according to any one of claims 1-6; - subsequent drying of the applied resin suspension in at least one further drying device; and - Pressing the layer structure in a short-cycle press.

15. Process according to one of claims 13-14, characterized in that the pressing step is carried out in a short-cycle press at temperatures between 150 and 250°C, preferably at 160°C and a pressure between 30 and 60 kg / cm2.