ELECTRICAL CONNECTOR

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a system with an electrical connector and a cable connected thereto according to the preamble of claim 1. Such a system is known from US 10,191,088 B2. The invention further relates to a method for operating such a system with an electrical connector, wherein the connector comprises a sensor device for detecting one or more electrical operating parameters.

[0002] In many fields, such as manufacturing and automation technology, connectors are used to connect cables and other equipment. One challenge can be ensuring the proper functioning of cables and connectors and quickly identifying damaged components in the event of connection problems.

[0003] Known solutions, for example, include a power supply with a display or other information option, such as via a communication interface, where current performance data is output based on voltage and current readings. Furthermore, diagnostic information can be generated for connected devices if undervoltages, overvoltages, or power outages occur.

[0004] One of the problems that can be solved by the connector is monitoring the power supply and the cable condition using a cable connected to the connector.

[0005] US 2015 / 0348394 A1 discloses an electrical terminal block with an integrated electrical circuit which may be equipped with a sensor device, a control device and a communication interface.

[0006] US Patent 10,084,266 B1 proposes a charging cable with connectors for connecting a device requiring electrical energy charging, such as an electric vehicle or a digital device, to a charging station. An integrated circuit in the connector or cable provides real-time monitoring of the charging process to ensure the most efficient charging of the device and to appropriately control the charging station.

[0007] The object of the invention is to provide a system with an electrical connector and a cable connected thereto, as well as a method for operating this system, which ensures a particularly reliable and efficient use of a manufactured electrical connection or the connections of an existing distribution network.

[0008] This problem is solved by a system of the type mentioned above with the features of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments and further developments of the invention are specified in the dependent claims.

[0009] The electrical connector of the system comprises a housing, at least one input contact, at least one output contact, and an electrical circuit arranged within the housing. The electrical circuit includes a sensor device, a control device, and a communication interface. The sensor device is configured to detect an electrical operating parameter, and the control device is configured to generate output data based on this electrical operating parameter and to output it via a communication interface.

[0010] The electrical circuit can include, for example, a power supply circuit, a sensor circuit, a microprocessor and a telecommunications module - in particular a radio module.

[0011] In the operation of a system using known connector designs, damage can occur to the supply lines, distribution components (such as Y-splitters, couplings, or extensions), or the electrical devices being supplied. This can lead to the failure of entire sections of the system, and it becomes very difficult to pinpoint the location of the break or the point of damage. The system is then down for a considerable period.

[0012] The electrical connector of the invention now allows the voltages and / or currents between the supply pins to be continuously measured at the respective connection points of the supply line, for example, directly at the pins of the connector. Furthermore, the measured values ​​can be communicated and / or stored for later output. This is done either within the connector of the supply lines or with measuring points pre-installed for commissioning purposes, such as M12-to-M12 measuring bridges with the same properties as the described connector. For example, a measured voltage difference at different supply points can serve as information for evaluating the plant operation.

[0013] For example, a measured voltage and / or current difference at the supply measuring points can be used, among other things, to: to ensure sufficient operating voltage for the devices to be supplied during operation, to determine the voltage drops on the supply lines, to continuously determine operating currents with known line resistances (where the line resistances can be determined, for example, in a test run via the voltage difference with a current source), to evaluate voltage drops over time, for example, to detect load peaks or to record deteriorating cable quality Condition Monitoring This means implementing continuous condition monitoring of an electrical connection and / or data connection, deriving the health status of an entire system and planning maintenance intervals, and / or quickly locating sources of error, in particular by locating a creeping cable fault or a cable failure.

[0014] In the automation industry, device connectors with pre-assembled cables are used to transmit signals and / or power to actuators and sensors. An example is the M12 connector, which uses multiple pins and corresponding wires to connect to a device and its associated cables. These connections are typically sealed to be watertight and dustproof.

[0015] These connections are used, for example, to connect power sources to field devices and / or sensors, thus supplying them with power. This is done according to a so-called star or daisy-chain distribution principle. In the first case, each device to be powered is supplied via a separate supply line to the power source (logically star-shaped). In the second case, a first device is connected to the power source, and subsequent devices are connected to each other in a line via another supply line. This distribution principle can also be combined within a system.

[0016] Field devices and sensors require, for example, an operating voltage, which is approximately 24 V DC with tolerances, and each device draws a certain power, i.e., a certain operating current, from the voltage source during operation.

[0017] One disadvantage of currently available solutions is that the power supply must be configured in advance based on the existing power requirements. This requires the user to know the power consumption of the devices being operated and to design the power supply accordingly. The power supply must be able to adequately power the devices; that is, the total operating power must be provided, and the operating voltage must be within the required tolerance limits at all devices. However, the operating voltage in the system decreases depending on the currents and cable lengths. The operating currents of the devices, in turn, depend on the level of DC voltage supplied to the device.

[0018] The electrical connector of the invention can be used, for example, in power supply systems for industrial production or logistics. Furthermore, various applications in automation and manufacturing technology are conceivable, as well as in the automotive sector or other technical fields where a high standard of safety and reliability must be guaranteed.

[0019] The electrical connector therefore advantageously allows for the detection of a weak point in a power supply or supply network, particularly before a fault occurs. Furthermore, it enables a particularly rapid diagnosis of the fault location, for example, in the case of a cable break. Additionally, it allows for a more needs-based installation and commissioning process. This can, for example, prevent downtime in a warehouse or plant. The time required for troubleshooting can also be reduced. Moreover, oversizing of a supply system can be avoided.

[0020] Electrical connectors can be designed in various ways. They are not limited to simple plug-in connectors; other types are also included. The input contacts can be at least partially connected to a complementary plug via a plug-in process. In particular, input contacts can be designed in different ways, for example, according to existing standards and norms. For instance, the connector can implement a screw connection according to IP67, perhaps with various M12 codings, a 7 / 8" connection, or an "M12 Power" connection for high-performance applications.

[0021] The electrical connector ensures a power supply of the required quality, particularly with regard to the power requirements of a power network. The accuracy achievable can depend on the specific infrastructure or technical context, for example, when the connector is used in a 12V environment.

[0022] For example, input and / or output voltages can be determined from the connector, perhaps by measuring the current, and a voltage difference between connectors can thus be calculated. In particular, a voltage drop is detected in this way. Furthermore, a cable temperature can be measured, which can provide an indication of, for example, the temperature-dependent electrical resistance of the connection.

[0023] Furthermore, monitoring of the cable condition can be implemented, for example to identify a damaged cable.

[0024] For example, a microcontroller and / or a memory unit and / or a power supply circuit can be integrated directly into the connector. Furthermore, a voltage measurement system can be provided, for instance, on a supply pin. The communication interface can also be implemented via wired or wireless technology, such as radio transmission using Bluetooth.

[0025] The at least one output contact can be configured in various ways known per se. Several output contacts can be provided, which can also be configured differently; in particular, at least one output contact can be suitable for establishing an electrical connection for power transmission and at least one output contact for establishing a data connection.

[0026] The at least one output contact can be configured to allow the connection of a cable or wire. This connection can be permanent, such as a soldered or welded connection, or it can be detachable, for example, by clamps, screws, or other known methods for connecting a cable. In one embodiment, a cable or wire is connected to the output contact. In particular, a multi-wire cable is provided, with each wire connected to a different output contact of the electrical connector. In another embodiment, the output contact can include a contact surface for establishing an optical data connection, especially for connecting an optical cable.

[0027] The at least one input contact can be configured in various ways known per se. Several input contacts can be provided, which can also be configured differently; in particular, at least one input contact can be suitable for establishing an electrical connection for power transmission and at least one input contact for establishing a data connection.

[0028] The at least one input contact is designed in particular to allow the connection of a complementary connector. The input contact can, for example, comprise a pin or a socket, or it can be designed as a contact surface. In a further embodiment, the input contact can include a contact surface for establishing an optical data connection.

[0029] In a further training, the electrical circuit is at least partially arranged on the outside of the housing of the electrical connector.

[0030] The recorded operating parameter can be, for example, a value assigned to the connector and / or a cable or line connected to it and / or another connected unit. In particular, the operating parameter is chosen to represent a characteristic of power and / or data transmission.

[0031] The operating parameter can be various quantities, such as voltage and / or current. Furthermore, other quantities can be recorded as operating parameters, such as capacitance, inductance, resistance, impedance, frequency, thermal properties, and / or other line characteristics.

[0032] The measurement is carried out in a manner known per se, for example by a sensor element for measuring current or voltage. The operating parameter can be measured, for instance, between input and output contacts, such as by a sensor element of the sensor device connected in series. The measurement can be taken at a connection between an input and an output contact. Furthermore, the electrical operating parameter can be measured between different connections, specifically between the input and output contacts associated with each connection. For example, this allows the measurement of potential differences between two electrical conductors connected to the connector.

[0033] In this configuration, the sensor and control units are arranged on a common carrier body, which is designed as an injection-molded plastic circuit board onto which metallic conductor tracks are applied. The carrier body and / or at least part of the electrical circuitry can be manufactured using 3D printing or additive manufacturing. Alternatively or additionally, injection molding can be used to produce the housing and an optionally connected carrier body.

[0034] During training, the control unit is configured to generate storage data based on the recorded operating parameters and to store this data using a storage device. The storage data can, for example, have a specific data format.

[0035] This allows for particularly flexible data provision and the evaluation of historical data. In particular, it enables the determination of the temporal development of the recorded operating parameter.

[0036] The storage device is integrated in particular into the electrical connector and is, for example, encompassed by the electrical circuit arranged in the housing.

[0037] The output can be generated in various ways. For example, it can be produced and displayed automatically, such as at regular intervals, time intervals, or depending on the number of times a unit has been started, or it can be generated on demand, such as when a demand signal is detected, for example, when a corresponding signal is received from an external unit.

[0038] In further training, the control unit is configured to output the output data automatically and / or upon receiving a request signal.

[0039] This allows for particularly flexible access to the collected data.

[0040] The output can be generated, for example, at regular time intervals. It can also be triggered automatically by specific events, such as exceeding or falling below a threshold for the monitored operating parameter, or in other ways. A request signal can be generated and received by the control unit in various ways, particularly via the communication interface. The request signal can be digital, for example, but it can also be an analog signal, such as the actuation of a switch or the reception of a specific analog data signal.

[0041] In further training, the recorded or determined operating parameter includes a voltage, a current, a field strength, a resistance, an impedance, an inductance, a capacitance, a temperature and / or a humidity value.

[0042] This allows for the advantageous recording of particularly relevant operational parameters.

[0043] The sensor device can, for example, be set up to measure temperature and humidity.

[0044] The recorded electrical operating parameter can, for example, be a value assigned to the connector and / or a cable or line connected to it and / or another connected unit. In particular, the operating parameter is chosen to represent a characteristic of power and / or data transmission.

[0045] The operating parameter can be various quantities, such as voltage and / or current. Furthermore, other quantities can be measured as operating parameters, such as capacitance, inductance, resistance, impedance, frequency, thermal properties, and / or other line characteristics. Field strength, for example, can be measured using a Hall sensor.

[0046] For example, a cable may be connected to the connector, especially to the output contact of the electrical connector.

[0047] In one embodiment, a cable is connected to two electrical connectors of the invention, wherein the cable is in particular connected at a first end to the output-side contact of a first connector and at a second end to an output-side contact of a second connector.

[0048] When recording the electrical operating parameter, for example a differential voltage between the connectors can be determined, in particular calculated according to the formula U diff = U 1 - U 2 , where U diff is the differential voltage, and U 1 and U 2 are the voltages measured at the first and second connectors respectively.

[0049] When recording the electrical operating parameter, for example, the line resistance between the ends of the cable, in particular the resistance between the first and second connectors, can be determined.

[0050] Such a measurement can be used, for example, to detect broken wires and / or to detect short-term interruptions in the conductivity of the cable, such as in the case of a loose connection.

[0051] Furthermore, the insulation resistance between conductors connected to the connector can be recorded as an operating parameter.

[0052] Furthermore, the current through individual conductors connected to the connector can be recorded as an operating parameter.

[0053] For example, current can be measured indirectly via an electric or magnetic field around the conductor. Specifically, a field sensor, a current sensor, a Hall sensor, and / or another sensor circuit is used.

[0054] It may be possible to transmit the recorded operating parameter, such as a measured voltage or current, and / or a value determined based on the operating parameter, via the communication interface using wired or wireless communication. The output data is then displayed and / or can be retrieved externally.

[0055] During training, output can be provided via the communication interface, either wired or wirelessly. The communication interface can be a radio interface or include one.

[0056] This makes it particularly easy to retrieve the output.

[0057] Well-known technologies can be used, such as Bluetooth, 5G, RFID, a field-to-field communication (FPN) method, and / or WLAN / LAN. The communication interface can, for example, be comprised of a telecommunications module. Furthermore, an antenna element can be provided, which is used to transmit and / or receive electromagnetic waves for a data connection.

[0058] In the case of a wired output, methods known in themselves can be used, for example to provide data via a line to the electrical supply, whereby a voltage value is modulated to transmit the transmitted data.

[0059] According to the invention, the electrical circuit further comprises a storage device. This device can be configured to store recorded operating parameters and / or output data, and the data stored in the storage device can be read out via the communication interface.

[0060] This makes it particularly easy to analyze older data. In particular, continuous output is not necessary; it may suffice to retrieve or output the stored data only when needed for specific analysis.

[0061] The stored data can be determined based on the recorded operating parameter within a specific time interval. This means the stored data can relate to the values ​​of the operating parameter recorded within that time interval and / or be stored for a specific period. Furthermore, storage can be triggered by a predetermined event, such as an external control signal, the occurrence of an error, exceeding or falling below a limit value, or a specific change in the recorded operating parameter over time. For example, storage can be triggered if a rapid change or deterioration of the recorded operating parameter or a value derived from it is detected.

[0062] The data can also be generated and stored using the principle of a ring buffer. This allows for the value of the recorded operating parameter and / or a value determined based on it to be stored for a specific period of time and then discarded. Upon a specific event, such as an external control signal, the occurrence of an error, exceeding or falling below a limit value, or a specific change in the recorded operating parameter over time, the data stored in the ring buffer can be accessed, and the development of the operating parameter over a defined period is available for analysis.

[0063] A time interval can be defined as the passage of a specific duration; however, it can also refer to a specific number of predetermined events, such as switching operations or similar.

[0064] According to the invention, a cable is further provided which is connected to the at least one output-side contact. The cable has a cable parameter, and a value of this cable parameter is stored in the storage device. The cable parameter can, for example, include a length, a resistance, a maximum value for current, voltage and / or power, an inductance, a capacitance, a thermal value, a material property, or a type designation.

[0065] This advantageously provides data from the connected cable, which is often constant and is preferably already integrated into the manufacturing process using simple measurement methods and / or available after a single measurement. This enables a more comprehensive evaluation of the recorded operating parameters.

[0066] The cable can be configured in various known ways. It must be suitable, in particular, for conducting or transmitting electrical power, current, voltage, signals, and / or optical signals. Specifically, a cable can comprise multiple conductors, which may be equivalent or configured for different transmission modes.

[0067] The storage device can be used, for example, to store information about the connector and / or a connected cable.

[0068] For example, the length of a pre-assembled cable can be stored. In this case, the cable length is already known, and this information can therefore be provided directly to the storage device during the manufacturing of the electrical connector and cable.

[0069] For example, various production parameters and / or identification data can be stored via the connector and / or a connected cable. For instance, a type designation can be stored.

[0070] For example, the electrical resistance of a wire connected to the connector can be stored, with this resistance being measured at the factory during manufacturing.

[0071] For example, during the manufacture of the connector with attached cable, a calibration step may be performed and the storage device may store calibration data; calibration data may be various values ​​of parameters specific to the cable and / or connector and relevant to the operation of the cable and / or connector and / or a powered unit.

[0072] For example, the storage device can store an insulation resistance between individual conductors of a cable connected to the connector, whereby this insulation resistance can be measured in particular at the factory during manufacturing and / or at a later time and stored on the storage device.

[0073] For example, parameters relating to the development of line resistance as a function of temperature can be stored on the storage device.

[0074] Furthermore, the stored cable parameter can be configured to allow the determination of another parameter. This additional parameter does not need to be directly measured. For example, a value for the cable's thermal insulation can be stored, and the cable's temperature or heat dissipation can be determined during operation. This allows for the timely detection of potential cable overheating.

[0075] Relationships between various cable parameters, or between environmental parameters and cable parameters, can be stored for the operation of the cable and / or connector. For example, parameters relating to the current-carrying capacity of the connected cables can be stored on the storage device, particularly as a function of temperature. For instance, data from a characteristic curve can be stored, which allows a current-carrying capacity to be determined based on a measured temperature, such as a maximum permissible value for power, voltage, and / or current.

[0076] For example, the storage device may contain data relating to the heat dissipation capacity of a cable insulation of a cable connected to the connector, and in particular may also contain data on the dependence of this heat dissipation capacity on certain installation conditions.

[0077] Furthermore, a method can be provided to subsequently store additional information on the connector's memory device, in particular cable parameters. For example, the control unit and the communication interface can be configured to provide a user interface through which this additional information can be captured, perhaps via user input and / or a signal received from an external unit.

[0078] Additional stored information may relate to installation conditions that can influence heat dissipation. For example, heat dissipation may depend on whether a cable is installed in an insulating material or whether the surrounding material is suitable for absorbing the dissipated heat energy.

[0079] Furthermore, the additional information could relate to an ambient temperature, for example if this can be assumed to be a fixed value, such as when used in an air-conditioned hall or a cold storage facility.

[0080] Furthermore, the additional information could relate to an individual limit value for current load, particularly to indicate available line reserves during operation. The additional information could also include details about electromagnetic compatibility parameters, such as shielding characteristics.

[0081] The additional information may also relate to individual limits for the voltage that can be applied to a line and / or cable. Furthermore, the additional information may relate to other limits for the line and / or cable, such as current.

[0082] The additional information may also include identification data for the connector and / or a connected cable, such as a model or type designation, serial number, article number or similar.

[0083] Furthermore, the control unit may provide for the automatic acquisition of additional data and its storage on the storage device, for example by means of a connection to a database or a predefined data source.

[0084] In this training scenario, the electrical circuit also includes a localization unit. Specifically, the output data comprises localization information acquired by the localization unit. Known methods can be used to locate the connector, such as 5G or GPS technology, or other methods.

[0085] This can advantageously simplify maintenance, as the source of an error or alarm message can be easily identified if necessary.

[0086] The localization information is suitable for determining the arrangement of the connector and / or a cable connected to it, particularly relative to a starting point, such as a central processing unit or a power source. For example, localization information in a dense local 5G network is determined relative to the positions of base stations and is also obtained using methods such as time-of-flight and / or angle determination based on the radio signals.

[0087] The localization information is assigned to the electronics and communication unit of the connector; it can be acquired, for example, by means of the integrated localization unit or, in other configurations, provided in other ways, such as by being entered during connector installation. For example, localization information can be determined and stored relative to one or more reference positions. Furthermore, the localization information can be descriptive, such as "next to another element X," "in cabinet Y," or in other ways by reference to other elements. Based on the localization information, a topology of the conductors can be identified, or the topology of an entire (voltage) supply network can be determined from the topology related to the individual conductors.For example, the difference in measured currents and / or voltages can be used to determine how much power is consumed by connected devices at individual nodes, especially at distribution stations.

[0088] The electrical connector can, for example, be used for a process to Condition Monitoring or used to monitor a cable connection. The cable connection can be configured for the transmission of data and / or electrical power.

[0089] This can involve, for example, calculating key performance indicators and checking whether defined alarm conditions are present. In particular, the recorded operating parameter is compared with a defined threshold value, and an alarm is triggered if the threshold is exceeded or fallen below.

[0090] A threshold value can be predefined, which defines an alarm condition. This threshold value can also be determined dynamically, for example, depending on the detected operating parameter and / or an environmental parameter such as temperature, humidity, or the requirements of a connected device.

[0091] The processing of the recorded operating parameter and the checking of the alarm condition can be carried out using the electrical circuit of the connector.

[0092] Alternatively or additionally, processing can be carried out by an external storage and / or processing unit, whereby the existence of the alarm condition is checked. Such an external storage and / or processing unit can, for example, be designed as a fieldbus device or controller.

[0093] For example, it can be detected if a measured current suddenly drops or if voltage drops occur on a connected line. This could indicate, for example, the failure of a downstream fieldbus device, a sensor, or another connected piece of equipment.

[0094] An assessment of the cable's condition can be determined based on the temporal development of the recorded operating parameter. For example, a recorded cable resistance can be evaluated to identify changes in a cable's properties caused by progressive aging, mechanical damage, and / or heating or cooling of the cable, such as through contact with a liquid like rain.

[0095] The condition of a cable can be assessed based on the temporal development of voltage drops. Changes in the cable's properties can also be detected, such as those caused by aging, mechanical damage, or heating or cooling of the cable, for example, through contact with a liquid like rain.

[0096] Communication can be established between the electrical connector of the invention and connected devices, such as a fieldbus device, a communication unit (e.g., a switch), a connected sensor, a power supply, or other devices. In particular, this communication involves a data connection between the connector and the device. Furthermore, the data connection can be established between the connector and an external unit, and / or the data connection can be established between different connected and / or linked units via the connector.

[0097] For example, the connector could be able to issue a notification, such as if operating a specific connected device would overload the line connected to the connector. The device could then be switched off, particularly automatically by an integrated or external control unit. Furthermore, upon receiving such a notification of an impending overload, the device could reduce its power consumption to a minimum, for example by switching off its I / Os, and issue a message about the fault condition.

[0098] In another example, a notification about the cable's current rating can be transmitted to a power supply. The power supply can then reduce the output current, perform a shutdown for safety reasons, or trigger an alarm or alarm notification.

[0099] Furthermore, a current / voltage status can be indicated at the connector itself, for example by means of an LED and / or another display device.

[0100] For example, a green LED can indicate that the voltage and current are within specified limits. An orange or yellow LED can indicate an impending overload or over- or undervoltage, respectively. A red LED can indicate that specified limits have been exceeded. Other examples use a different output format.

[0101] During training, a communication protocol is provided through which multiple connectors communicate; communication can occur directly or be mediated by a central unit, such as an external control unit or an element encompassed by an external control unit. This allows, for example, the comparison of measured operating parameters between different cables, particularly for identifying the cable topology. For instance, the difference in measured currents or current intensities can be determined. Subsequently, the power consumption at each node by connected devices can be ascertained. This enables particularly simple and efficient monitoring of the devices and / or cables.

[0102] During training, it may be stipulated that an alarm message is issued when a critical condition is detected, and the alarm message may include location information. In particular, it may include location information acquired by a connector's localization unit.

[0103] Training may include the detection of interference in a cable and / or in the connector, in particular induced voltages caused by external fields and, for example, by adjacent cables or electric motors.

[0104] During training, the detection of malfunctions in connected devices can be provided through an abnormal current consumption pattern. This can include, for example, the detection of changes in a device's current consumption over time, particularly abrupt changes, or the detection of exceeding or falling below a predefined limit. Such detection can be advantageous for consumers who do not have their own protective or diagnostic devices to identify and / or diagnose, for instance, a mechanically blocked electric motor or a defective heating element.

[0105] Methods from the fields of machine learning or artificial intelligence can be used to evaluate the recorded electrical operating parameters. In particular, irregular patterns in power consumption can be detected in this way. The evaluation can, for example, be performed using an external unit. The machine learning method can be trained using historical values ​​of the recorded operating parameters.

[0106] Furthermore, it may be provided that a line is interrupted when a predefined condition is met, such as exceeding or falling below a predefined limit value or a sudden change in the detected operating parameter. The interruption of the line can be implemented in the form of a protective shutdown known per se, whereby, for example, the electrical circuit enclosed by the electrical connector performs and / or triggers the interruption. A switch, designed in a known manner, such as a semiconductor element, may be provided for this purpose; alternatively or additionally, an electrical fuse may be provided.

[0107] Furthermore, the electronics in the connector can be protected against interruptions in the supply voltage, especially brief ones. This can be achieved, for example, by using a buffer capacitor.

[0108] Furthermore, protection of the electronics' supply voltage in the connector against an interruption of the supply voltage, especially a short-term one, may be provided, for example in order to generate and output an alarm message in the event of an interruption of the supply voltage.

[0109] The system comprises a cable with a first cable end and a second cable end, wherein the first and / or second cable end is connected to an output-side contact of an electrical connector as described herein.

[0110] This system utilizes the electrical connector of the invention and therefore has the same advantages as the electrical connector.

[0111] Furthermore, it may be provided that the first cable end is connected to a first electrical connector and the second cable end to a second electrical connector as described herein. It may also be provided that a data connection exists between the first and the second electrical connector, via which the data acquired and generated by the first and / or second connector, in particular the acquired operating parameters, can be sent and / or received.

[0112] In a method for operating a system with an electrical connector, wherein the connector includes a sensor device for detecting an electrical operating parameter, a comparison is performed between the detected operating parameter and a threshold value, and output data is generated and displayed depending on the result of the comparison. In particular, the comparison can be performed by a control device included in the electrical connector.

[0113] The connector is designed in particular according to the present description. In particular, a first and a second connector may be provided, which are connected to a first and second end of a cable respectively and are designed in accordance with the present description.

[0114] The generation and / or output of the output data can be triggered by a control signal. Such a control signal can, for example, be received from an external unit.

[0115] The method is designed to operate the device. It therefore has the same advantages as the device according to the invention.

[0116] In particular, the comparison between the recorded operating parameter and the threshold value checks whether a condition is met. Depending on whether and, if so, how the condition is fulfilled, the output data is generated.

[0117] The threshold for comparison can be fixed or determined dynamically, for example during an iterative execution of the procedure.

[0118] In particular, a system-typical, for example time-dependent or predefined target value and / or a value of the operating parameter recorded in the past can be taken into account as a threshold value when making the comparison.

[0119] Furthermore, when comparing the recorded operating parameter, one or more threshold values ​​can be taken into account and / or one or more operating parameters can be recorded and taken into account in the comparison.

[0120] The comparison of the operating parameter with the threshold value can be carried out in various ways: The recorded operating parameter can be directly compared with a fixed or dynamically determined threshold value; the output data is then generated depending on whether the threshold value is exceeded or not reached.

[0121] Alternatively or additionally, a change in the recorded operating parameter over time and / or with respect to another value can be determined and used for comparison; the output data is then generated according to the nature of the change. For example, a first, second, and / or third derivative of the recorded operating parameter with respect to time and / or with respect to another variable can be used for comparison, for instance, to identify a rapid or sudden change that may indicate damage, or to identify a gradual change, such as due to wear and tear or aging.

[0122] This method can be used, for example, to monitor a connection established via the connector for power and / or data transmission. In particular, a network of multiple connectors and the power supply network implemented with them can be aligned according to power requirements and / or anomalies can be detected. For example, a rapid change in the electrical characteristics of a connected cable and / or a connected device can be detected based on the recorded operating parameter.

[0123] Furthermore, depending on the result of the comparison, a response to an anomaly can be triggered, such as a shutdown, control of power consumption, the output of an alarm signal, or a controlled shutdown of a component in the power supply network. The method can also be used to monitor the condition of the power supply network, particularly with regard to the performance of the components used.

[0124] The invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These show: Figure 1 an embodiment of the electrical connector; and Figure 2 an embodiment of the system.

[0125] With reference to Figure 1 An exemplary embodiment of the electrical connector is explained.

[0126] In the first embodiment, the electrical connector 10 has a housing 12 in which input-side contacts 14, 16, 18 and output-side contacts 20, 22, 24 are arranged.

[0127] The connector 10 also includes an electrical circuit 30, which in this example is also arranged in the housing 12.

[0128] The connector 10 further comprises a sensor device 32, a control device 34, a storage device 36, a localization device 37 and a communication interface 38.

[0129] In other embodiments, other devices may be included, in particular certain of these devices 32, 34, 36, 37, 38 may be missing and / or combined in other ways.

[0130] In the exemplary embodiment, the sensor device 32, the control device 34, the storage device 36, the localization device 37, and the communication interface 38 are comprised of the electrical circuit 30. They can, in particular, be arranged on a circuit board and / or on a common component.

[0131] In further embodiments, the devices 32, 34, 36, 37, 38 are not, or not completely, enclosed by the electrical circuit 30. They may also be arranged at least partially outside the housing 12.

[0132] In this embodiment, each of the output contacts 20, 22, 24 is connected to a line 42, 44, 46 of a cable 40 connected to the connector 10. In this embodiment, these are electrical lines 42, 44, 46 for transmitting data and / or electrical power. In this embodiment, one end 41 of the cable 40 is connected to the connector 10.

[0133] The output contacts 20, 22, 24 are connected to the electrical circuit 30. These connections are in Figure 1 This is only a schematic representation. Other circuits and connections may be used, in particular parallel and / or series circuits.

[0134] The input contacts 14, 16, and 18 are also connected to the electrical circuit 30. These connections are also shown in Figure 1Only shown schematically; other circuits and connections may be provided here, in particular parallel and / or serial circuits.

[0135] The connector 12 is designed such that the lines 42, 44, 46 and the input contacts 14, 16, 18 are assigned in a manner known per se. For example, the cable 40 can be connected to a device (not shown) using the connector 10 and / or several cables 40 can be connected together.

[0136] In this embodiment, lines 42, 4, 46 are electrically conductive and designed for the transmission of electrical power and / or data signals.

[0137] In further embodiments, it can be provided that at least some of the lines 42, 44, 46 are designed only for the transmission of either electrical power or electrical data signals. Furthermore, at least one line 42, 44, 46 can be designed for the optical transmission of data, in particular an optical fiber or a glass fiber.

[0138] In this embodiment, the storage device 36 comprises a non-volatile data storage device. This device can be controlled by the control unit 34 to store data and / or retrieve stored data. Data stored on the storage device 36 can also be edited and / or deleted.

[0139] In this embodiment, it is further provided that a data connection 52 to an external unit 50 can be established at least temporarily via the communication interface 38. This connection can be established in various ways known per se, such as via Bluetooth, near-field communication / RFID, 5G or another mobile network, WLAN or via another standard, in particular via radio signal transmission.

[0140] In further embodiments, a wired data connection 52 can be established between the communication interface 38 and the external unit 50. In particular, it can also be provided that the data connection 52 can be established by means of at least one of the lines 42, 44, 46 which are connected to the output contacts 20, 22, 24; in particular, a signal for data transmission can be superimposed on a current flow for power transmission.

[0141] In this embodiment, the localization device 37 is further equipped to acquire information about the location of the connector 10. This can be done in various ways, such as by GPS, 5G, or another method. The acquired information about the location of the connector 10 can relate to an absolute position within, for example, a global coordinate system, or it can relate to a relative position relative to a starting position, such as relative to a central control unit.

[0142] In another embodiment, the connector 10 further comprises an output unit (not shown). This can, for example, be designed as a display unit and may include a display and / or a light element. For example, it may include a light-emitting diode (LED) whose illumination state can be controlled by the control unit 34. In particular, a light parameter can be controlled, such as brightness, light color, or flashing frequency.

[0143] With reference to Figure 2 An embodiment of the system is explained. In particular, the embodiment of the electrical connector described above is used as a starting point.

[0144] In this embodiment, the cable 40 is connected at a first end 41' to a first connector 10' and at a second end 41" to a second connector 10". The respective connectors 10', 10" and their connections to the cable 40 are essentially designed as described above with reference to Figure 1 described. Data connections 51', 52" to the external unit 50 can also be established from the two connectors 10', 10".

[0145] With reference to Figure 1 and Figure 2 An exemplary embodiment of the method is explained. In particular, reference is made to the explanations above with regard to... Figure 1 and Figure 2 went out.

[0146] In the embodiment of the method, when the cable 40 is used to transmit electrical power and / or data, an electrical operating parameter is recorded by means of the sensor device 32.

[0147] In this embodiment, the recorded operating parameter includes a voltage, a current, a resistance, an impedance, an inductance, a capacitance, a temperature and / or a humidity value.

[0148] In this embodiment, the recorded electrical operating parameter comprises a voltage and a current that are transmitted via cable 40 or measured on the second two lines 42, 44, 46 of cable 40.

[0149] In this embodiment, the control unit 34 generates output data based on the detected operating parameter. This output data is then output via the communication interface 38, and in this embodiment, it is transmitted to the external unit 50.

[0150] In this exemplary embodiment, it is provided that a so-called [missing word] is created using this output data. "Condition Monitoring"This involves monitoring the condition of cable 40, its conductors 42, 44, 46, connectors 10, 10', 10" and / or the entire system. The output data is therefore generated in such a way that parameters of the system and / or its individual elements relevant to the transmission of power and / or data can be continuously monitored.

[0151] In this example, the system monitors whether a detected operating parameter exceeds or falls below a predefined limit. If such an event is detected, for example, an unexpected voltage drop, an alarm signal is issued and transmitted to the external unit 50. This unit can then generate a control signal that initiates a protective measure, such as shutting down a unit that could be damaged by the voltage drop.

[0152] Various events can be defined that trigger an alarm or warning signal, and various measures can be initiated.

[0153] For example, a gradual or sudden change in the line properties can be detected, such as in the event of damage to cable 40, the occurrence of certain external circumstances, such as a certain temperature, or an age-related change.

[0154] In this embodiment, the control unit 34 is configured to generate memory data based on the detected operating parameter and to store this data using the memory device 36. The memory data is configured such that the detected operating parameter is stored and can be retrieved over a specific period. This allows the temporal development of the operating parameter to be tracked and evaluated, for example, to determine how quickly the operating parameter changes and / or when / how often certain events occur, such as deviations from a threshold value.

[0155] In this embodiment, the storage device 36 stores recorded operating parameters and / or output data. Data stored by the storage device 36 can be read out via the communication interface 38.

[0156] In this embodiment, the output data is also automatically output, for example at regular intervals or after the occurrence of certain events, and / or upon receipt of a request signal, in particular by transmission to the external unit 50. In this embodiment, such a request signal is in particular generated by the external unit 50 and transmitted to the connector 10 via the data connection.

[0157] In this embodiment, the output data can be transmitted wirelessly via the communication interface 38. Alternatively or additionally, in other embodiments, a wired output is possible, for example via a line 42, 44, 46 of the connected cable 40.

[0158] In this embodiment, the cable 40 also has a cable parameter, which is stored in the storage device 36. For example, a length, an electrical resistance, a maximum value for current, voltage and / or power, an inductance, a capacitance, a thermal value, a material property and / or a type designation for the cable 40 and / or individual conductors 42, 44, 46 can be stored in the storage device 36.

[0159] This makes it easier to determine further values ​​based on the recorded operating parameter, such as the heating of cable 40, and ensures that certain specific limit values ​​are not exceeded or fallen below.

[0160] The cable parameters can be determined, for example, by measurement during the manufacture of the cable and / or the connector. Furthermore, a calibration step can be provided in which the cable parameters are stored on the memory device 36.

[0161] In the present embodiment, the cable parameters are essentially stored on the storage device 36 in a manner that is unchangeable for the user.

[0162] In further embodiments, it is provided that the cable parameters can be at least partially modified subsequently, wherein, for example, the control unit 34 provides an operating interface that can be accessed via the data connection 52', 52" and which allows corresponding input. Furthermore, an authentication step can be provided to ensure that the user is authorized to write to the storage device 36.

[0163] In this embodiment, the output data includes localization information acquired by the localization unit 37. In this example, the localization information is structured such that, in the event of an alarm or warning signal, a cable failure, or other circumstances, the cable 40 and / or the connectors 10, 10', 10" can be easily located, for example, to facilitate repairs. Reference symbol list

[0164] 10, 10', 10" connector 12 Housing 14 Input-side contact 16 Input-side contact 18 Input-side contact 20 Output-side contact 22 Output-side contact 24 Output-side contact 30 Circuit 32 Sensor device 34 Control device 36 Storage device 37 Localization device 38 Communication interface 40 Cable 41', 41" Cable end 42 Line 44 Line 46 Line 50 External unit 52, 52', 52" Data connection

Claims

1. System consisting of an electrical plug connector (10) and a cable (40) having a first cable end (41') and a second cable end (41"), the first (41') or second (41") cable end being connected to an output contact (20, 22, 24) of the electrical plug connector (10), the electrical plug connector (10) comprising: a housing (12); at least one input contact (14, 16, 18); at least one output contact (20, 22, 24); and an electrical circuit (30) arranged inside the housing (12); the electrical circuit (30) having a sensor device (32), a control device (34), a memory device (36) and a communication interface (38); the sensor device (32) being configured to record an electrical operating parameter; and the control device (34) being configured to take the electrical operating parameter as a basis for generating output data and to output said output data by means of a communication interface (38); characterized in that the memory device (36) stores a value of a cable parameter of the cable (40), and in that the control device (34) and the communication interface (38) are configured to provide a user interface in order to take a user input and / or a signal received from an external unit as a basis for storing further cable parameters, and / or information about installation conditions, on the memory device (36).

2. System according to Claim 1, characterized in that the memory device (36) stores characteristic values relating to the variation of the line resistance of the cable as a function of temperature, and / or stores data of a characteristic curve by means of which a recorded temperature can be taken as a basis for determining a loading capacity of the cable, in particular a maximum permissible value of a power, voltage and / or current, parameters relating to a current-carrying capacity of the connected cable (40) in particular being stored in the memory device (36), in particular as a function of temperature.

3. System according to either of the preceding claims, characterized in that the memory device (36) stores cable parameters that permit the determination of a further cable parameter.

4. System according to either of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electrical circuit (30) furthermore has a localization unit (37); the output data in particular comprising localization information recorded by means of the localization unit (37), which localization information is in particular suitable for determining an arrangement of the plug connector, in particular in relation to a starting point, for example in relation to the positions of transmitting stations in a close-mesh local 5G network, and / or in particular in relation to one or more reference positions, preferably as descriptively formed localization information.

5. System according to either of the preceding claims, characterized in that production parameters and / or identification data about the cable (40) connected to the plug connector (10) are stored in the memory device (36), in particular a type designation and / or an electrical resistance of the cable (40), this resistance having been measured in particular at the factory during production, and / or calibration data that have been determined in a calibration step during production of the system, and / or cable parameters that have been provided using simple measurement methods integrated in the manufacturing process or after a single measurement.

6. System according to either of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sensor device (32) is configured to record an insulation resistance between conductors connected to the plug connector (10) as electrical operating parameters and / or to determine a line resistance between the ends (41', 41") of the cable (40) as electrical operating parameters, and in that the memory device stores an insulation resistance between individual conductors of the cable (40), this insulation resistance having been measured in particular at the factory during production and / or at a later time and stored on the memory device.

7. System according to either of the preceding claims, characterized in that the memory device (36) stores data relating to a heat dissipation capability of a cable insulation of the cable (40) connected to the plug connector (10), data about a dependence of this heat dissipation capability on specific installation conditions in particular also being stored, in particular in that the memory device (36) stores further information relating to installation conditions that can influence the heat dissipation capability and / or relating to an ambient temperature and / or relating to parameters of electromagnetic compatibility, in particular in connection with features of a screen, and / or relating to identification data for the plug connector (10) and / or the connected cable (40), in particular a model designation or type designation, serial number and / or item number.

8. System according to either of the preceding claims, characterized in that the memory device (36) stores a threshold value in order to compare recorded operating parameters with the threshold value and to output an alarm when the threshold value is exceeded or undershot, in particular in order to identify when a recorded current suddenly falls or voltage drops on a connected line occur, and / or in order to evaluate a recorded line resistance, in particular in order to identify changes in the properties of the cable (40) that are caused by progressive aging, by mechanical damage and / or by heating or cooling of the cable, for instance on contact with a liquid such as rain, or in order to identify broken lines and / or brief interruptions in the conductivity of the cable (40), for instance in the case of a loose contact.

9. System according to either of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one input contact (14, 16, 18) and / or the at least one output contact (20, 22, 24) are configured to continuously measure voltages and / or currents thereon in order to communicate, and / or store for later output, the recorded values for the purpose of continuous state monitoring for an electrical connection and / or data connection, for the purpose of detecting a deteriorating cable quality, for the purpose of planning maintenance intervals and / or for the purpose of localizing fault sources, in particular a slowly developing cable fault or a cable failure.

10. System according to either of the preceding claims, characterized in that there are multiple electrical plug connectors (10) that communicate with one another directly or through an external control unit (50) or through an element that an external control unit (50) comprises.

11. Method for operating a system according to at least one of Claims 1 to 10, the plug connector (10) comprising a sensor device (32) for recording an electrical operating parameter, wherein the method involves a comparison between the recorded operating parameter and a threshold value being performed; and the result of the comparison being taken as a basis for output data being generated and output, and wherein a user input and / or a signal received from an external unit are taken as a basis for storing further cable parameters, and / or information about installation conditions, on the memory device (36) by means of the user interface.

12. Method according to Claim 11, wherein the plug connector (10) outputs a notification if the operation of a specific connected device would lead to overloading of the line connected to the plug connector, the device then being able to be shut down, in particular automatically by an integrated or external control device, or the device reducing its current draw to a minimum, and / or a notification of the loading capacity of the cable is transmitted to a power supply unit, the power supply unit then reducing an output current or, for safety purposes, performing a shutdown or triggering an alarm and / or the output of an alarm notification.

13. Method according to either of Claims 11 and 12, wherein an electrical circuit (30) comprising a localization unit (37) is used, and wherein the output data in particular comprise localization information recorded by means of the localization unit (37), which localization information is used to determine an arrangement of the plug connector, in particular in relation to a starting point, for example in relation to the positions of transmitting stations in a close-mesh local 5G network, and / or in particular in relation to one or more reference positions, preferably as descriptively formed localization information.

14. Method according to Claim 13, wherein the localization information is taken as a basis for identifying a topology of the lines and / or wherein the topology related to the individual lines is used to determine a topology of an entire power supply network, wherein a difference in the measured currents and / or voltages is in particular taken as a basis for determining how much power is drawn at individual nodes, in particular also at distribution stations, by connected devices, and wherein the electrical plug connector (10) is used in particular for a method for condition monitoring and / or for monitoring a cable connection.

15. Method according to one of Claims 11 to 14, wherein the memory device (36) stores the threshold value in order to compare recorded operating parameters with the threshold value and to output an alarm when the threshold value is exceeded or undershot, in particular in order to identify when a recorded current suddenly falls or voltage drops on a connected line occur, and / or in order to evaluate a recorded line resistance, in particular in order to identify changes in the properties of the cable (40) that are caused by progressive aging, by mechanical damage and / or by heating or cooling of the cable, for instance on contact with a liquid such as rain, or in order to identify broken lines and / or brief interruptions in the conductivity of the cable (40), for instance in the case of a loose contact.

16. Method according to at least one of Claims 11 to 15, wherein the sensor device (32) records an insulation resistance between conductors connected to the plug connector (10) as electrical operating parameters and / or determines a line resistance between the ends (41', 41") of the cable (40) as electrical operating parameters.

17. Method according to at least one of Claims 11 to 16, wherein the at least one input contact (14, 16, 18) and / or the at least one output contact (20, 22, 24) continuously measure voltages and / or currents thereon in order to communicate, and / or store for later output, the recorded values for the purpose of continuous state monitoring for an electrical connection and / or data connection, for the purpose of detecting a deteriorating cable quality, for the purpose of planning maintenance intervals and / or for the purpose of localizing fault sources, in particular a slowly developing cable fault or a cable failure.