ANTENNA MODULE FOR A MOTOR VEHICLE

Description

[0001] The invention relates to an antenna module for a motor vehicle, wherein the antenna module has at least one AM antenna, FM antenna and DAB antenna.

[0002] US 2021 / 057805 A1, KR2017 0003986 U, KR 2019 0091 688 A, US 2018 / 269567 A1, US 2020 / 028249 A1, and EP 3 913 742 A1, which falls under Article 54(3) EPC, describe antenna modules for motor vehicles. The networking of motor vehicles is constantly increasing. While vehicle antennas were previously primarily intended for radio reception, today additional antennas must be integrated. Such additional antennas include, for example, Wi-Fi antennas, V-to-X antennas, antennas for providing a mobile phone or internet connection, which can also be used as e-call antennas, or antennas for providing location services, such as a GNSS antenna. For radio reception, it is particularly advantageous to have several antennas, for example an AM antenna, an FM antenna and a DAB antenna.It would be desirable to be able to accommodate as many antennas as possible in the most compact way possible, on the one hand, and also to fit them together in the smallest possible installation space as a module. However, this poses the problem that the antennas themselves must be large enough to enable sufficiently good reception in their assigned frequency range, and on the other hand, depending on the transmission or reception frequency range, antennas can interfere with each other if they are arranged too close together. Furthermore, especially with antenna modules for motor vehicles, there is the further problem that they should be arranged in an area of ​​the vehicle where the antenna reception is not excessively shielded by the vehicle shell. It would therefore be advantageous to position the antennas on the outside of the vehicle. However, the installation space situation is even more tense here due to regulations or design reasons.LTE 5G telephone antennas designed as roof-mounted antennas are already known. However, the other antennas mentioned above are usually positioned in other locations. For example, antennas for radio reception are often integrated into windows, such as the rear window of a vehicle, due to their length.

[0003] The object of the present invention is therefore to provide an antenna module for a motor vehicle which makes it possible to provide as many different functions as possible in the smallest possible installation space.

[0004] This object is achieved by an antenna module having the features according to patent claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent patent claims, the description and the figures.

[0005] An antenna module according to the invention for a motor vehicle comprises an antenna unit with at least one AM antenna, FM antenna, and DAB antenna, wherein the AM antenna and the FM antenna are configured as a combined AM-FM antenna, wherein the antenna unit comprises at least one first circuit board with a first height in a first direction and a first width in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, wherein helical antenna windings of the AM-FM antenna and / or DAB antenna, which is configured at least partially as a planar helical antenna, are arranged on the at least one first circuit board, and wherein the helical windings extend largely in the second direction, and wherein the telephone LTE 5G antenna is arranged on a second circuit board with a second height in the first direction and a second width in a third direction that is different from the first and second directions.

[0006] The invention is based on the realization that this design of the AM-FM antenna and the DAB antenna allows, on the one hand, to provide an electrically very small AM-FM antenna and DAB antenna, and this described

[0007] This design also allows additional antennas, such as a telephone LTE 5G antenna, to be arranged essentially perpendicular to the helical windings of the AM-FM antenna or the DAB antenna, respectively, thereby providing maximum decoupling between such a telephone LTE 5G antenna and the antenna unit. This in turn allows another antenna, such as preferably such a telephone LTE 5G antenna, to be arranged extremely close to the antenna unit, for example within a range of a few centimeters or even a few millimeters. Furthermore, both the AM-FM antenna and the DAB antenna can be provided extremely compactly by designing at least part of it as a planar helical antenna, which in turn enables an extremely compact provision of the antenna unit.For the first time, an antenna module can be provided in which at least a first telephone LTE 5G antenna and a radio antenna unit with an AM antenna, FM antenna and a DAB antenna can be integrated, all in an extremely small installation space.

[0008] According to the invention, it is further provided that the antenna module further comprises at least one telephone LTE 5G antenna which is arranged on a second circuit board with a second height in the first direction and with a second width in a third direction which is different from the first and second directions.

[0009] A telephone LTE 5G antenna is understood to be an antenna designed to transmit and receive signals according to a mobile communications standard, in particular the LTE (Long Term Evolution) standard and 5G standard, and optionally also the 4G standard and / or GSM standard. The more such telephone LTE 5G antennas are provided, the higher the data transmission rates that can be achieved. This is also referred to as MIMO (Multiple In Multiple Out), since information to be transmitted can be transmitted and received in parallel by multiple antennas. This means that more antennas can also provide communication according to a radio standard with higher transmission rates, e.g. 5G. For example, two such antennas can provide communication according to the 4G standard, and four such antennas can provide communication according to the 5G standard.The term "telephone LTE 5G antenna" should therefore be understood to mean that these telephone LTE 5G antennas can be used for communication according to the 5G standard, but not that a single such antenna would be sufficient for this purpose. However, mobile communications with lower data transmission rates than those required by the 5G standard can already be provided with a single such telephone LTE 5G antenna.

[0010] An AM (Amplitude Modulation) antenna is understood to mean, in particular, an antenna designed to transmit and receive signals in the medium wave range, in particular between approximately 0.5 megahertz and approximately 2 MHz. Accordingly, an FM (Frequency Modulation) antenna is designed to receive and / or transmit signals in the range between 87.5 megahertz and 108 megahertz, and a DAB (Digital Audio Broadcasting) antenna is designed to receive and / or transmit signals in the range between 174 megahertz and approximately 240 megahertz. Furthermore, a combined AM-FM antenna is understood to mean an antenna in which the AM antenna and the FM antenna have a common base point. Furthermore, the AM antenna and the FM antenna can also share the corresponding helical antenna windings arranged on the at least one first circuit board.Due to the different frequency ranges of AM and FM, there is no risk of negatively affecting reception quality. This can be advantageously used to design an extremely compact yet efficient antenna. Another option for improving or maintaining good reception quality for AM and FM from a common base point is to design the crossover or filter accordingly using SMD (surface-mounted device) components on the mainboard of the respective amplifiers.

[0011] By incorporating an additional roof capacitance as part of the AM-FM antenna or DAB antenna, the design of the antenna unit can be further reduced, as described in more detail later. In other words, the AM-FM antenna or DAB antenna can also be designed in two parts, with one part provided by the roof capacitance and the other part by the corresponding helical antenna windings.

[0012] Both the combined AM-FM antenna and the DAB antenna can be provided as respective planar helical antennas, i.e., except for the respective roof capacitances. The AM-FM antenna can be implemented on a different circuit board than the DAB antenna, or even on the same circuit board. The second case is particularly preferred, as this enables a significantly more compact design of the antenna unit. Accordingly, a further advantageous embodiment of the invention represents a further advantageous embodiment of the invention if the helical antenna windings of the DAB antenna and the AM-FM antenna are arranged on the common first circuit board. It is further advantageous if the helical antenna windings of the DAB antenna and the AM-FM antenna are arranged next to one another in the second direction. In principle, however, it is also conceivable for them to be arranged one above the other in the first direction.In this case, it would be necessary to provide an electrically conductive connection from the higher-mounted antenna to its associated base point on the underside of the circuit board, opposite the first direction. This provides an electrically conductive surface that extends essentially opposite the first direction, which has disadvantages with regard to decoupling from the telephone LTE-5G antenna, which is largely oriented in the first direction. Accordingly, it is very advantageous if the DAB antenna and the AM-FM antenna, at least their helical antenna windings, are arranged next to one another in the second direction. This further improves decoupling from the telephone LTE-5G antenna, since the antenna components of the DAB and AM-FM antennas, which run parallel to the first direction, can be reduced to a minimum.

[0013] Another very advantageous aspect of the design of the helical antenna windings is considering the direction of rotation of the helical antenna windings, as this direction of rotation influences the coupling between the individual antennas and thus the efficiency of the antennas. The same direction of rotation of the helical antenna windings is preferred for the AM-FM antenna and the DAB antenna. However, opposite directions of rotation are also conceivable.

[0014] As already mentioned, a further very advantageous embodiment of the invention is provided if the AM-FM antenna has a first roof capacitance, which is arranged in the first direction above the first circuit board and which is galvanically coupled to the helical antenna windings of the AM-FM antenna, in particular wherein the DAB antenna has a second roof capacitance, which is arranged on a circuit board edge of the first circuit board in the first direction above the helical antenna windings of the DAB antenna and is galvanically connected to the helical antenna windings of the DAB antenna. In principle, the DAB antenna and the AM-FM antenna could also use a common roof capacitance, i.e., be galvanically connected to a common roof capacitance. However, by assigning a separate second roof capacitance to the DAB antenna, improved decoupling can again be provided.In addition, by designing the second roof capacitance on the board edge, it is possible to provide a capacitive coupling of this second roof capacitance to the first roof capacitance. The second roof capacitance can therefore itself be designed to be very small and, for example, be limited to the aforementioned board edge, which represents at least part of a side edge of the first board. The first roof capacitance is preferably not located on the first board itself, but is provided, for example, by a separate surface above this first board. There are several options for coupling the first roof capacitance to the first board. Preferably, the coupling is via an electrically conductive element, which preferably enables tolerance compensation in the first direction. This offers the possibility of arranging the first roof capacitance more easily on a component that is different from the first board.For example, the coupling can be achieved via a spring or contact foam. Such a contact foam then contains, for example, metallic particles to ensure electrical conductivity. However, the first roof capacitance of the AM-FM-DAB antenna can also be contacted in other ways, for example by clamping. There are numerous other options for forming the first roof capacitance. This roof capacitance can, for example, be realized as a mounted, e.g., stamped or deep-drawn, metal sheet or as an adhesive film on a carrier. It can also be printed on a carrier. This carrier can, for example, represent a protective cap in which the module components of the antenna module are arranged.

[0015] Since the invention and its embodiments advantageously make it possible to provide an antenna module with numerous antennas in an extremely small installation space, it is preferred to accommodate this antenna module in a roof area of ​​a motor vehicle under an outer hood of the motor vehicle, which is also referred to as a shark fin. The said protective cap is then located accordingly beneath this outer hood. The roof capacitor, in particular the first roof capacitor, can then be arranged, for example, on the protective cap or else integrated into the outer hood, i.e., the shark fin itself. The roof capacitor can also be provided only as a film arranged on a corresponding carrier. In this case, the film can also be provided with a conductor track structure. Such a conductor track structure can be designed as a resonant conductor track structure and improve decoupling.

[0016] In a further very advantageous embodiment of the invention, the AM-FM antenna has a higher efficiency in a first specific frequency range than in a specific second frequency range, in particular wherein the first specific frequency range corresponds to the FM frequency range and the second frequency range to the DAB frequency range. Furthermore, it is preferred if the DAB antenna has a lower efficiency in the first frequency range than the AM-FM antenna and a lower efficiency than in the second efficiency range, in which the DAB antenna also has a higher efficiency than the AM-FM antenna. This can be achieved by a geometric design of the AM-FM antenna and the DAB antennas. These different efficiency ranges can provide a natural decoupling of the DAB antenna from the AM-FM antenna.The DAB antenna is preferably designed to exhibit series and parallel resonance within the DAB frequency band, i.e., the second frequency range, while the AM-FM antenna is designed to exhibit only series resonance within the FM frequency band, i.e., the first frequency range. The FM antenna also has significantly lower efficiency at the base point, at least in a sub-range of the DAB band, which allows for natural decoupling from the DAB antenna, at least in a sub-range of the DAB band. This requires its design to place the parallel resonance of this AM-FM antenna close to the beginning of the DAB band. The DAB antenna, on the other hand, has lower efficiency in the FM band.This is made possible by their size and optional decoupling measures on the common circuit board, such as at least one slot, preferably in the first direction between the helix antenna turns of the AM-FM antenna and the DAB antenna.

[0017] Furthermore, the at least one first telephone LTE 5G antenna and the antenna unit can be connected to a common main circuit board or main printed circuit board. This main circuit board can, for example, be aligned substantially parallel to the vehicle roof when the antenna module is properly arranged on the motor vehicle. The directional terms used below, such as vehicle longitudinal direction, vehicle vertical direction, and vehicle transverse direction, also refer to the intended installation position of the antenna module in the motor vehicle.

[0018] It should also be noted that the antenna module according to the invention and its configurations are preferably used in a motor vehicle, but the use of the antenna module is not intended to be limited to the automotive sector. Such an antenna module can be used anywhere and is particularly advantageous where numerous antenna functions need to be provided in the smallest possible space.

[0019] Furthermore, it is preferred that the respective circuit boards of the antenna unit and the first telephone LTE 5G antenna are arranged substantially perpendicular to this main circuit board. This allows optimal radiation characteristics of the respective antennas to be achieved.

[0020] As already mentioned above, it is particularly advantageous if the first telephone LTE 5G antenna, or its conductor track structure, is arranged substantially perpendicular to the course of the helical antenna windings of the DAB antenna and the AM-FM antenna. Accordingly, a further preferred embodiment of the invention is provided if the third direction, in which the width of the second circuit board of the first telephone LTE 5G antenna extends, has an angle to the first and second directions that lies between 80 degrees and 100 degrees, and is preferably approximately 90 degrees. At 90 degrees, the decoupling between the first telephone LTE 5G antenna and the antenna unit is maximized. For better illustration, with reference to the intended installation position of the antenna module on the motor vehicle, the first direction should run in the vertical direction of the vehicle, the second direction in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, and the third direction in the transverse direction of the vehicle.The first telephone LTE-5G antenna thus extends essentially in the vertical direction of the vehicle and in the transverse direction of the vehicle, while the helical antenna windings of the DAB antenna and the AM-FM antenna extend essentially horizontally, encompassing the vehicle's longitudinal direction, and are arranged one above the other in the first direction. The pitches of the respective helical antenna windings are preferably kept as small as possible, as this allows the component in the z-direction to be limited to a minimum. This maximizes decoupling from the telephone LTE-5G antenna, enabling an extremely compact arrangement. The helical antenna windings preferably have a pitch relative to the horizontal that is less than 5 degrees, preferably less than 3 degrees, for example 2.2 degrees.

[0021] Further special features of the first telephone LTE 5G antenna can further increase the decoupling from the AM-FM-DAB antenna unit.

[0022] According to the invention, it is further provided that the at least one first telephone LTE 5G antenna has a first antenna arm, which is assigned to a first frequency range, in particular for frequencies greater than 1 gigahertz, and a second antenna arm, which is assigned to a second frequency range, in particular for frequencies less than 1 gigahertz, wherein the first and second antenna arms are capacitively coupled to one another and galvanically isolated from one another. This configuration makes it possible to avoid, above all, excessive coupling with the AM antenna of the antenna unit in a particularly efficient manner. If these two arms were galvanically connected to one another, this would in turn provide a very large coupling capacitance, especially with the AM antenna.This design is based on the idea that the total capacitance can be reduced by connecting two individual capacitances in series, compared to connecting these capacitances in parallel. This can be achieved by capacitively coupling the two antenna arms, particularly in contrast to a galvanic connection, which represents a high capacitance in the AM range. In addition, an inductive extension can be provided for the second antenna arm. This can be designed as a helical line that is galvanically connected to the second arm. The first arm for the higher frequencies above 1 gigahertz can thus capacitively excite the second arm or the extension for the lower frequencies below 1 gigahertz. Thus, a capacitance exists between the arm for the higher frequencies and the arm for the lower frequencies. The capacitive coupling area determines the efficiency and impedance.This can advantageously be used for decoupling from the AM antenna. Furthermore, it is advantageous if the arm for the lower frequencies, i.e., the second antenna arm, has its own capacitive load on the antenna circuit board, i.e., the second circuit board. This second antenna circuit board can therefore have a first side and a second circuit board side opposite the first side. For example, the first antenna arm for the higher frequencies can be arranged on the first circuit board side, and the second arm for the lower frequencies on the second circuit board side, whereby a top capacitance for the second arm can also be located on the first circuit board side and can be galvanically connected to the second antenna arm via a through-hole connection through the circuit board. Thus, a particularly efficient first telephone LTE 5G antenna with maximum decoupling from the antenna unit can be provided.

[0023] Additionally, the first LTE 5G phone antenna can have a high-impedance connection to ground for antenna detection. This high-impedance connection can be provided via a coil, which ensures that high-frequency signal components are coupled into the LTE 5G phone antenna and do not flow to ground. This can be used to detect a defect or failure of the antenna, which is important, for example, for the e-call function.

[0024] In a further very advantageous embodiment of the invention, the antenna module has at least a second telephone LTE 5G antenna, wherein the AM-FM-DAB antenna unit is arranged between the first telephone LTE 5G antenna and the second telephone LTE 5G antenna, in particular wherein the second telephone LTE 5G antenna is arranged on a third circuit board which is aligned perpendicular to the second circuit board of the first telephone LTE 5G antenna.

[0025] An additional telephone LTE 5G antenna can increase the data transmission rate that can be provided with the antenna module via a mobile network. At the same time, such a second telephone LTE 5G antenna can be provided together with the first telephone LTE 5G antenna in an extremely small installation space with maximum decoupling. This can be achieved, on the one hand, by arranging the two telephone LTE 5G antennas as far apart as possible, for example, by representing the antennas of the antenna module that are furthest away in relation to the second direction, so that the antenna unit and optionally also further antennas are arranged between these two first and second telephone LTE 5G antennas. On the other hand, by aligning the third circuit board of the second telephone LTE 5G antenna perpendicular to the second circuit board of the first telephone LTE 5G antenna.In addition, the third circuit board is also essentially perpendicular to the above-mentioned main circuit board and is therefore preferably aligned perpendicular to the vehicle transverse direction.

[0026] The second telephone LTE 5G antenna can also be designed for a frequency range below one gigahertz. In principle, it is also conceivable that the second telephone LTE 5G antenna is designed in the same way as the first telephone LTE 5G antenna. However, it is also conceivable that, for example, the aforementioned first and second antenna arms of the second telephone LTE 5G antenna are not capacitively separated from each other in this case, since the second telephone LTE 5G antenna can be located at a greater distance from the antenna unit than the first telephone LTE 5G antenna.

[0027] Furthermore, it is very advantageous, as provided according to a further embodiment of the invention, if the antenna module has a GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) antenna. In principle, this can also be arranged anywhere within the antenna module. However, it is particularly advantageous if such a GNSS antenna is arranged between the AM-FM-DAB antenna unit and the second telephone LTE 5G antenna. However, a GNSS antenna can also be part of the antenna module regardless of the presence of the second telephone LTE 5G antenna. However, if the second telephone LTE 5G antenna is present in the antenna module, as described above, it is advantageous if the GNSS antenna is located between this second telephone LTE 5G antenna and the antenna unit. This allows the distance between the two telephone LTE 5G antennas to be maximized.This GNSS antenna receives its signals from satellites and is therefore designed to transmit signals in the first direction or is optimized with respect to this direction of transmission.

[0028] It is also particularly advantageous if the GNSS antenna is designed as a patch antenna. This allows the GNSS antenna to be integrated into the antenna module in a particularly compact manner. At the same time, a radiation direction in the first direction can be provided. Furthermore, a patch antenna is extremely efficient.

[0029] Alternatively, the GNSS antenna can also be designed as a curved dipole antenna with capacitive excitation on a circuit board perpendicular to the second 5G LTE GSM antenna, i.e., the second telephone LTE 5G antenna, and parallel to the first 5G LTE GSM antenna, i.e., the first telephone LTE 5G antenna. This is based on the following finding: When the GNSS antenna is designed as a patch antenna, particularly directly adjacent to the antenna unit with the very large first roof capacitance, it has been shown that the first roof capacitance has a very strong shielding effect on the patch antenna, which is very flat with respect to the first direction. This shielding effect can be significantly reduced if the GNSS antenna is instead designed as a curved dipole antenna on a circuit board perpendicular to the second 5G LTE GSM antenna and parallel to the first 5G LTE GSM antenna with capacitive excitation.The GNSS antenna essentially has the shape of a downward-opening parabola, with the downward direction being understood to be opposite to the first direction. This allows for increased radiation in the first direction. Furthermore, the GNSS antenna designed in this way extends significantly higher in the first direction, which can reduce the described shielding effect of the first roof capacitance. In contrast to the patch antenna mentioned above, however, such a curved dipole antenna does not radiate circularly polarized signals, but only linearly polarized signals. This is perfectly sufficient for the desired signal strength, although a loss of 3 dB compared to the optimal circular polarization must be lamented.

[0030] However, further antennas not yet described can also be arranged on the first side of the main circuit board. For example, it is advantageous if at least one V-to-X antenna is arranged on the first side of the main circuit board. A V-to-X antenna, also called a car-to-X antenna, is used for communication between the vehicle and another vehicle or any other communication-capable device, for example, according to the WLANp standard. Due to its typical bandwidth, there is no great risk of coupling to the other antennas. It is particularly efficient if such a V-to-X antenna is arranged, for example, on the same second circuit board as the first telephone LTE 5G antenna and / or the same third circuit board as the second telephone LTE 5G antenna. For example, two such V-to-X antennas can also be provided, one on the second circuit board and one on the third circuit board. The front V-to-X antenna, which, for example,The antenna located closer to the front of the vehicle can also be positioned laterally, relative to the second direction, next to the second telephone LTE 5G antenna instead of on the third circuit board. The V-to-X antennas emit and receive in a frequency range of approximately 5 gigahertz and can therefore be very small.

[0031] It is also advantageous if two additional telephone LTE 5G antennas are arranged on the first side of the main circuit board. These can be arranged in an area between the antenna unit and the second telephone LTE 5G antenna with respect to the second direction, and can be arranged, for example, next to the GNSS antenna in the third direction, in particular on both sides of it. These third and fourth telephone LTE 5G antennas are preferably designed only for frequencies greater than 1 gigahertz, so they can be arranged significantly closer to each other and to the first and second telephone LTE 5G antennas, respectively. In the case of an e-call, this can generally be output via any telephone LTE 5G antenna.The additional E-Call antenna, located inside and thus on the second side of the main circuit board, serves merely as a well-protected backup antenna, which can be used for E-Call, for example, in the event of an accident or if the other telephone LTE 5G antennas fail. The other antennas located inside the vehicle, such as the WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network) antenna and / or UWB (Ultra Wideband) antennas, do not need to provide a particularly long range, which also allows for particularly simple integration on the other side of the main circuit board, facing the vehicle interior, without unduly compromising signal quality.

[0032] In a further very advantageous embodiment of the invention, the antenna module has a main circuit board, wherein the first telephone LTE 5G antenna and the antenna unit are arranged on a first side of the main circuit board, wherein the antenna module has at least one antenna arranged on a second side of the main circuit board opposite the first side, in particular wherein the at least one antenna represents an e-call antenna and / or a UWB antenna and / or a WLAN antenna and / or another telephone LTE 5G antenna. Thus, advantageously, numerous additional antennas can be arranged, so to speak, below the main circuit board and thus in an interior of the motor vehicle or facing the interior of the motor vehicle.The internal antennas and components, such as the aforementioned backup antenna for E-Call or the WLAN antennas as well as additional antennas for other services such as 5G, can be arranged under the vehicle roof within a box.

[0033] Overall, numerous different antennas for numerous different functions can be provided in a compact antenna module within a very small installation space. Optionally, further electrical and / or electronic components, such as tuners, transceivers, receivers, control units, or the like, can also be provided and integrated in such an antenna module, particularly on the second side of the main circuit board. In other words, the antenna module can comprise an integrated tuner and / or transceiver and / or receiver and / or a bus system. However, this does not necessarily have to be the case. In a further embodiment of the invention, the antenna module does not have an integrated tuner or transceiver or receiver or a bus system.In this case, however, it is preferred that the antenna module comprises a matching network and / or an amplifier for at least one antenna comprised by the antenna module, wherein a coaxial cable for coupling to a tuner or transceiver or receiver external to the module is connected to the matching network and / or an amplifier.

[0034] The antenna module can also be coupled to a vehicle roof in a variety of ways. It is preferred that the antenna module has a good galvanic connection to the roof, which can be achieved without screws or with the help of one or more screws. This galvanic connection can establish a ground connection to the roof. The roof antenna module can also be designed as a single piece or as a two-piece unit, as will be explained in more detail later with reference to the figures. In all cases, however, the antennas have at least one electrical contact with the main circuit board to enable a connection to the receivers and transceivers. These can also be integrated into the antenna module or arranged remotely.

[0035] Furthermore, a motor vehicle with an antenna module according to the invention or one of its embodiments is also considered to be part of the invention. The antenna module is then preferably arranged on a roof of the vehicle, in particular below a hood or shark fin, as already described.

[0036] The invention also includes combinations of the features of the described embodiments.

[0037] An exemplary embodiment of the invention is described below. It shows: Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of an antenna module for a motor vehicle for arrangement on a vehicle roof without receiver and tuner integration according to an embodiment of the invention; Fig. 2 shows a schematic representation of a plan view of a first side of the first circuit board of the antenna unit, on which the helical antenna windings of the AM-FM antenna and the DAB antenna are applied, according to an embodiment of the invention; Fig. 3 shows a schematic representation of a plan view of a second side of the first circuit board of the antenna unit with the AM-FM antenna and the DAB antenna, according to an embodiment of the invention; Fig. 4 shows a schematic representation of the efficiency of the AM-FM antenna and the DAB antenna according to an embodiment of the invention; Fig. 5 shows a schematic representation of the first telephone LTE 5G antenna in a plan view of a first side according to an embodiment of the invention;6 shows a schematic representation of the first telephone LTE 5G antenna in a plan view of a second side opposite the first side, according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention; Fig. 7 shows a schematic representation of the first telephone LTE 5G antenna in a sectional view according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention; Fig. 8 shows a schematic representation of an antenna module for a motor vehicle for mounting on a vehicle roof according to a one-part mounting concept with integrated transceivers and tuners, according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention; and Fig. 9 shows a schematic representation of an antenna module according to a two-part mounting concept according to a further exemplary embodiment of the invention.

[0038] The exemplary embodiment explained below is a preferred embodiment of the invention. In the exemplary embodiment, the described components of the embodiment each represent individual, independently considered features of the invention, which also further develop the invention independently of one another and are thus also to be considered as components of the invention, either individually or in a combination other than that shown. Furthermore, the described embodiment can also be supplemented by further features of the invention already described.

[0039] In the figures, functionally identical elements are provided with the same reference numerals.

[0040] Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of an antenna module 1 for a motor vehicle 2, of which the vehicle roof 3 and the outer hood 4 mounted on the vehicle roof 3, which is also referred to as a shark fin, are shown only as examples. The antenna module 1 is designed as a multifunctional and multiband antenna module 1 in the smallest possible space. The antenna module 1 comprises an antenna unit 5, which can also be referred to as an AM-FM-DAB antenna 5, since it comprises both a DAB antenna 6 and a combined AM-FM antenna 7. Furthermore, the antenna module 1 has at least one first telephone LTE 5G antenna 8, which is arranged very close to the antenna unit 5. In this example, the antenna module 1 also includes a second telephone LTE 5G antenna 9, a third and fourth telephone LTE 5G antenna 10, 11, a GNSS antenna 12, and two V-to-X antennas 13, 14.These antenna module components are further arranged on a main circuit board 15, which in turn is arranged on a carrier 16, which can also be referred to as a chassis. Furthermore, a protective cover 17 is arranged over at least most of these antenna module components. With the exception of a roof capacitance 18 assigned to the antenna unit 5, all other antennas are arranged under this protective cover 17. Furthermore, this antenna module 1 can be mounted on the roof 3 of the motor vehicle 2 via a screw connection 20. In this example, no tuner or transceiver is integrated into the antenna module 1, but the required amplifiers and matching networks with connected coaxial cables are integrated. Further examples with integrated receivers and tuners will be explained in more detail later.

[0041] The invention and its embodiments advantageously enable the provision of an extremely compact antenna module 1, in which, for example, the tallest antenna, which in this case is provided by the antenna unit 5, is less than 10 centimeters in the first direction, which corresponds to the z-direction shown here, and in particular measures only approximately 7 centimeters in the first direction. With respect to the intended installation position of this antenna module 1 with respect to the motor vehicle 2, the z-direction corresponds to the vertical direction of the vehicle, the x-direction shown here corresponds to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, with the x-direction pointing in particular towards the front of the vehicle, and the y-direction corresponds to the transverse direction of the vehicle. The z-direction is also referred to, among other things, as the first direction, the y-direction as the third direction, and the x-direction as the second direction.The difficulty in providing such a compact antenna module 1 lies primarily in not only being able to make the individual antennas themselves as small and compact as possible, but above all in sufficiently decoupling them from one another to avoid mutual interference or influence. This primarily concerns the arrangement of the antenna unit 5 in relation to the first telephone LTE 5G antenna 8. In order to provide the highest possible data rate, for example, according to the 4G standard or 5G standard, particularly via the mobile network, it is advantageous if the antenna module has as many four telephone LTE 5G antennas 8, 9, 10, 11 as possible. Two such antennas 8, 9, 10, 11 can provide communication according to the 4G standard if four such antennas 8, 9, 10, 11 are provided for communication according to the 5G standard.The designation telephone LTE 5G antenna 8, 9, 10, 11 should therefore be understood in this case to mean that these telephone LTE 5G antennas 8, 9, 10, 11 can be used for communication in accordance with the 5G standard, but not that a single such antenna 8, 9, 10, 11 would be sufficient for this purpose.

[0042] However, mobile communications with lower data transmission rates than those required by the 5G standard can already be provided with a single such telephone LTE 5G antenna 8, 9, 10, 11. Both the first and the second telephone LTE 5G antenna 8, 9 can transmit or receive data in a frequency range of less than 1 gigahertz as well as greater than 1 gigahertz. To ensure the best possible decoupling of these two telephone LTE 5G antennas 8, 9, it is advantageous to arrange them as far apart from each other as possible, as is also the case, for example, in Fig. 1 This was achieved by having these two antennas 8, 9 represent the antennas of the antenna module 1 that are furthest apart in the x-direction. However, due to the size of the antenna unit 5, it is necessary to arrange it very close to the first telephone LTE 5G antenna 8. The challenge here, in turn, is to ensure sufficient decoupling between this first telephone LTE 5G antenna 8 and the antenna unit 5, as well as, on the other hand, to ensure sufficient decoupling of the antennas integrated in the antenna unit 5, namely the DAB antenna 6 and the AM-FM antenna 7. How this can be achieved will now be explained in more detail below.

[0043] Additionally, this AM-FM-DAB antenna 5 is positioned in the highest area of ​​the roof module 1, and the AM-FM-DAB antenna is constructed in two parts. A first part 5a is located below the protective cap 17, and the second part 5b represents the aforementioned roof capacitance 18. The roof capacitance 18 of the AM-FM-DAB antenna 5 can be arranged on the protective cap 17, as shown, or integrated into the outer cover 4, i.e., the shark fin. The roof capacitance contacts the first part 5a of the AM-FM-DAB antenna 5 by means of a contact element 21, which is preferably a spring or an electrically conductive foam material. The contact, i.e., the contact element 21, of the first part 5a of the AM-FM-DAB antenna 5 can also be implemented differently, for example, by clamping. Furthermore, this roof capacity 18 can be realized as an assembled, for example punched or deep-drawn, metal sheet or glued foil.It can also be printed on the protective cap 14. If the top capacitance 18 is a foil, it can have a conductor track structure or be designed as a resonant conductor track structure.

[0044] The first part 5a is realized as a vertical PCB (Printed Circuit Board) antenna. The first part 5a of this AM-FM-DAB antenna 5 is shown in detail in Fig. 2 und Fig. 3 Various other variants of this arrangement, ie, of the antenna module 1 shown, may exist, for example, in which the V-to-X antennas are not present. However, a major advantage of the invention is the provision and presence of the AM-FM-DAB antenna unit, particularly in its described implementation.

[0045] Fig. 2 shows a schematic representation of a plan view of a first side 22 of the first part 5a and Fig. 3 a schematic plan view of the second side 23 opposite the first side 22. Both the DAB antenna 6 and the AM-FM antenna 7 comprise a part 6a, 7a which is designed as a planar helical antenna. These parts 6a, 7a are therefore designed in the form of planar helical windings 6a, 7a which are arranged on a circuit board, in the present example a common first circuit board 24. The thickness of this circuit board in the y-direction can be between 0.5 millimeters and 2 millimeters and is 1 millimeter in the present example. The individual helical antenna windings 6a, 7a can be applied as conductor tracks on this circuit board 24, wherein the individual front and rear conductor track sections are connected to one another by corresponding vias 25, of which, for reasons of clarity, Fig. 2 und Fig. 3 only one is provided with a reference symbol. These planar helix antennas 6a, 7a are thus provided in the form of a flattened coil with several turns arranged one above the other in the z-direction. Furthermore, the helix antenna turns 7a of the AM-FM antenna 7 are galvanically connected to the first roof capacitance 18 via the coupling element 21, this galvanic connection being designated 26 in the present case. The DAB antenna 6 has its own roof capacitance 27, which is also arranged on the circuit board 24, in particular on an edge of the circuit board, preferably an upper edge of the circuit board 24. The DAB antenna 6 therefore preferably has no galvanic contact with the first roof capacitance 18, but can be capacitively coupled to the first roof capacitance 18 via its own capacitive load, which is embodied as a second roof capacitance 27 on the circuit board edge.This enables better decoupling between the DAB antenna 6 and the AM-FM antenna 7. To further enhance this decoupling, a slot 28 parallel to the z-direction is also provided between the DAB antenna 6 and the AM-FM antenna 7 or their respective helical antenna windings 6a, 7a.

[0046] The AM antenna and the FM antenna, which are provided here as a combined AM-FM antenna 7, accordingly have a common antenna base point 29. The DAB antenna 6 has its own base point 30. These base points 29, 30 are electrically connected to the main circuit board 15.

[0047] In principle, it is also conceivable for the DAB antenna 6 and the AM-FM antenna 7 to be provided on separate circuit boards; however, the arrangement on a common circuit board 24 offers enormous component advantages. Furthermore, it would also be conceivable to provide the DAB antenna 6 and the AM-FM antenna 7 as a combined antenna, still with two base points 29, 30, but with shared windings 6a, 7a, by arranging these respective antenna parts 6a, 7a not next to each other in the x-direction, as shown here, but rather, for example, one above the other in the z-direction. For example, the antenna windings 6a of the DAB antenna 6 can also be arranged above the antenna windings 7a of the AM-FM antenna 7 in the z-direction and can also be galvanically connected to them. The individual windings 6a, 7a can then extend over almost the entire width in the x-direction of the circuit board 24, which increases its efficiency.The base point 30 associated with the DAB antenna 6 can be implemented via a tap. Such a tap can be implemented by a conductor track running in the z-direction. However, in order to minimize coupling to the very closely arranged first telephone LTE 5G antenna 8, it is preferable to connect the first part 5a of the antenna unit 5, as shown in FIG. Fig. 2 und Fig. 3 shown, namely by providing the DAB antenna 6 and the AM-FM antenna 7, each with separate antenna windings 6a, 7a, next to one another in the x-direction. The reason for this is that the electrically conductive components of the antenna unit 5 running in the z-direction can be reduced to a minimum. This advantageously provides maximum decoupling from the adjacently arranged telephone LTE 5G antenna 8, which, as will be explained in more detail later, is arranged on a circuit board whose height extends in the z-direction and its width in the y-direction and is thus oriented perpendicular to the first circuit board 24 of the first part 5a of the antenna unit 5. Due to the design of the antenna parts 6a, 7a as planar helical windings 6a, 7a, these windings 6a, 7a also have hardly any extension in the y-direction.Accordingly, maximum decoupling from the telephone LTE 5G antenna 8 can also be provided in this direction. The individual windings 6a, 7a are preferably aligned as horizontally as possible, i.e., parallel to the xy plane. In the present example, this is achieved by arranging the windings 6a, 7a on the first side 22 of the circuit board 24 as horizontal, and on the second side 23 with the smallest possible incline relative to the horizontal, which is preferably no greater than 5 degrees, particularly preferably less than 3 degrees, for example, 2.2 degrees.

[0048] In order to ensure the best possible decoupling between the DAB antenna 6 and the AM-FM antenna 7, these have different efficiencies in different frequency ranges, which can also be referred to as antenna gain, as shown in Fig. 4 This is illustrated in Fig. 4 By way of example, three curves 7b of the efficiency E for the FM antenna 7 are shown, and by way of example two possible curves 6b of the efficiency E for the DAB antenna 6 are shown, each as a function of the frequency f. As can be seen, the FM antenna 7 preferably has a significantly higher efficiency E in a first frequency range F1 than, on the one hand, the DAB antenna 6 and, on the other hand, than the FM antenna 7 in a second frequency range F2, in which its efficiency E is preferably significantly lower than that of the DAB antenna 6. The first frequency range F1 corresponds to the FM frequency range and is limited, for example, by the lower limit frequency f1 and the upper limit frequency f2. f1 can be, for example, 87.5 megahertz and f2, for example, 108 megahertz. The second frequency range F2 represents the DAB frequency range and extends from a third frequency f3 to a fourth frequency f4.The third frequency f3 can be 174 megahertz, for example, and the fourth frequency f4, for example, 240 megahertz. To achieve this, the corresponding antennas 6, 7 can be suitably designed in terms of their geometry. The geometric properties of an antenna can, in particular, influence the series and parallel resonance of the corresponding antenna. The DAB antenna 6 is preferably designed such that it has a series and parallel resonance within the DAB frequency band F2. The parallel resonance of the AM-FM antenna 7 is preferably placed close to the beginning of the DAB band F2. This can provide natural decoupling. The fact that the DAB antenna 6 has a lower efficiency in the FM band F1 is provided by geometric properties such as its length, on the one hand, and additionally by the provision of slots, such as the one already mentioned. Fig. 2 und Fig. 3 described slot 28.

[0049] In order to provide a good decoupling to the first telephone LTE 5G antenna 8, further decoupling measures can also be realized by this first telephone LTE 5G antenna 8 itself, as will now be explained in more detail below. Fig. 5 und Fig. 6 described.

[0050] Fig. 5 shows a schematic representation of the first telephone LTE 5G antenna 8 in a plan view of a first side 31 and Fig. 6 a schematic representation of this antenna 8 in a plan view of a second side 32 opposite the first side 31. This antenna 8 is also implemented as a PCB antenna 8. Accordingly, the antenna components are arranged on a corresponding second circuit board 33. Fig. 7 also shows a schematic illustration of this first telephone LTE 5G antenna 8 in a side view or sectional view in a section perpendicular to the y-axis. This telephone LTE 5G antenna 8 has two antenna arms 34, 35 arranged on different sides 31, 32 of the circuit board 33. The first antenna arm 34 is for high frequencies, in particular greater than 1 gigahertz, and the second arm 35 is for low frequencies, in particular less than 1 gigahertz. These two antenna arms 34, 35 are advantageously not galvanically connected to one another, but merely capacitively coupled to one another. This provides capacitive excitation for the first telephone LTE 5G antenna 8 in that the first arm 34 for the higher frequencies capacitively excites the second arm 35 or its extension 36 for the lower frequencies.This extension 36 can in turn be arranged on the second side 32 of the circuit board 33, on which the first arm 34 is also located, wherein this extension 36 is galvanically connected to the second arm 35 via a via 37 through the circuit board 33. Thus, a capacitance exists between the arm 34 for the higher frequencies and the arm 35 for the lower frequencies. The capacitive coupling area determines the efficiency and impedance of the antenna 8. Furthermore, the arm 35 for the lower frequencies has its own capacitive load 36, the aforementioned extension 36, on the antenna circuit board 33. This design advantageously provides particularly good decoupling from the AM antenna 7. Furthermore, the first telephone LTE 5G antenna 8 has a high-impedance connection in the form of a coil 38 to ground 39 or to the ground contact terminal 39 provided on the circuit board 33 for detection purposes.The base of antenna 8 is designated 40. This high-impedance coil 39 advantageously guides high frequencies into antenna 8. A voltage tap on this coil 38 can be used to detect if antenna 8 fails, for example, due to a defect or accident involving vehicle 2. Then, for example, the backup antenna, which will be explained in more detail later, can be used to transmit an e-call. Furthermore, arm 35 also has an inductive extension 41 for the low frequencies.

[0051] This design of the first telephone LTE 5G antenna 8 also advantageously makes it possible to arrange it extremely close to the antenna unit 5, as is also the case, for example, in Fig. 1 or also in Fig. 8 and Fig. 9 is illustrated.

[0052] Fig. 8 shows an antenna module 1 according to a further embodiment of the invention. Furthermore, this antenna module 1 can be designed as described above, except for the differences explained below. In particular, this antenna module 1 can also Fig. 1 explained antennas, although the third and fourth telephone LTE 5G antennas 10, 11 are not shown here as examples. Neither are the two V-to-X antennas 13, 14 shown here, although they may nevertheless be part of this antenna module 1. Fig. 1 The antennas already mentioned are arranged on a first side 15a of the main circuit board 15, wherein components explained in more detail later can also be arranged on the opposite side 15b of this main circuit board 15. In this example, the antenna module 1 is designed according to a one-piece assembly concept, according to which this assembled antenna module 1 can be pushed through as a whole from below through a hole or through-opening 42 in the vehicle roof 3 and mounted. In other words, in this example, the roof antenna module 1 can only be mounted from the interior of the vehicle. Only the external part of the module 1 is pushed through the recess 42, i.e. those components that are located on the first side 15a of the main circuit board 15 and are above the chassis.The individual antennas and components of the antenna module 1 on the first side 15a of the main circuit board 15 can be mounted again via a separate support element 16a, a chassis that is firmly connected to the inner part of the antenna module 1. This support element 16a has a corresponding opening 43 for each antenna, through which the base point(s) 29, 30, 39, 40 and those of the remaining antennas pass, ensuring electrical contact between each antenna and the main circuit board 15. Reference numeral 44 denotes the base point of the GNSS antenna 12, and reference numeral 45 denotes the base point of the second telephone LTE 5G antenna 9. This antenna module 1 can be connected to the roof 3 of the vehicle 2 via a metallized foam 46. This foam can simultaneously provide tolerance compensation in the z-direction.At least the antennas located on the first side 15a of the main circuit board 15, in particular the GNSS antennas 12 in this example, are all aligned perpendicular to the main circuit board 15 and are designed as respective PCB antennas. It is also particularly advantageous that the first circuit board 24 of the antenna unit 5 is designed perpendicular to the second circuit board 33 of the first telephone LTE 5G antenna.

[0053] The main circuit board 15 can again be attached to the carrier element 16a using corresponding screw connections 20.

[0054] The second telephone LTE 5G antenna 9 is preferably again aligned perpendicular to the first telephone LTE 5G antenna 8 in order to provide maximum decoupling for it. If additional telephone LTE 5G antennas 10, 11 are provided, as for example in Fig. 1 shown, these are preferably aligned parallel to the first telephone LTE 5G antenna 8.

[0055] In this example, the GNSS antenna 12 is designed as a patch antenna. Thus, it is very flat with respect to the z-direction and has a circular radiation pattern that is largely directed vertically upwards, i.e., in the z-direction. To reduce potential shielding by the roof capacitance 18, it may also be provided to instead design this GNSS antenna 12 as a PCB antenna, i.e., with a circuit board that is preferably oriented perpendicular to the main circuit board 15. On such a circuit board, the GNSS antenna 12 can be designed as a dipole-like antenna on a circuit board perpendicular to the second 5G LTE GSM antenna and parallel to the first 5G LTE GSM antenna, for example, in the form of a downwardly opening arc or a downwardly opening parabola, with a capacitive feed.The maximum height available in the z-direction below the protective cap 17 can be utilized to implement this GNSS antenna 12. Such a dipole-type antenna solution can advantageously also provide a main radiation direction in the z-direction, or a corresponding reception characteristic. In contrast to the patch antenna 12 shown here, such a dipole-type antenna solution is designed only to transmit linearly polarized signals. Such a dipole-type antenna solution with capacitive feed on a circuit board perpendicular to the second 5G LTE GSM antenna and parallel to the first 5G LTE GSM antenna can achieve decoupling of this antenna in the GNSS band and AM functionality.

[0056] In this example, the antenna module 1 additionally has a receiver or transceiver 47 and a tuner 48. Furthermore, the antenna module can also comprise a control unit 49 and a power supply 50. These components can be arranged directly on the main circuit board 15, in particular on its second side 15b, but also partially on the first side 15a. Furthermore, further antennas are provided on the second side 15b of the main circuit board 15, such as a WLAN antenna 51 and a backup e-call antenna 52. Although only one receiver 47 is shown here as an example, several of these can be arranged on the main circuit board 15. The following components are particularly advantageous: a telephone LTE 5G transceiver, a radio tuner, a GNSS receiver, a WLAN transceiver and a V-to-X receiver, especially per V-to-X antenna 13, 14, if present.All of these receivers and transceivers are preferably integrated into the lower box 53 on the main circuit board 15. All antennas also have at least one electrical contact with the main circuit board 15 to ensure a connection to the receivers and transceivers. The antenna module can also have at least one or more digital interfaces or at least one connector 54, via which the antenna module 1 can be coupled to a vehicle bus, for example, a CAN bus, Ethernet, a Flexbus, and so on.

[0057] Furthermore, the antenna module 1 can also be designed according to a two-part concept, as shown by way of example in Fig. 9 is illustrated.

[0058] Fig. 9 shows a schematic representation of the antenna module 1 according to a further embodiment of the invention. Here, too, the antenna module 1 can be designed as described above and also the corresponding components and antennas as Fig. 1 and / or Fig. 8 described or depicted. The difference here is Fig. 9merely in the manner in which the antenna module 1 is mounted on the roof 3 of the motor vehicle 2. The antenna module 1 is designed according to a two-part concept and, in this example, has two main circuit boards 15, 55. A first main circuit board 15 is assigned to the antennas arranged above the roof 3, and a second circuit board 55 is assigned to the antenna components arranged below the roof 3. The two main circuit boards 15, 55 can be electrically connected to one another through the roof 3 of the motor vehicle by a corresponding connector 56. With such a two-part antenna module 1, its external part can be mounted from the outside and the internal part from the inside.

[0059] Overall, the example demonstrates how the invention can provide a multifunctional and multiband intelligent roof antenna module with an integrated, very small electrical AM-FM-DAB antenna. This module enables the integration and installation of numerous antennas, in particular a first telephone LTE-5G antenna, an AM, FM, DAB antenna, a GNSS antenna, and at least one second telephone LTE-5G antenna, externally within a very small installation space. The number of external antennas can be increased to up to 12 by integrating two V-to-X antennas, two additional telephone LTE-5G antennas, and two UWB antennas within the same volume. This volume is the same as that required for current roof antennas, which accommodate significantly fewer antennas. In addition, at least two antennas, in particular an e-call backup antenna and a WLAN antenna, can be mounted inside the vehicle.The number of internal antennas can be increased to six by adding two UWB antennas, another Wi-Fi antenna, and another phone LTE 5G antenna. List of reference symbols

[0060] 1 Antenna module 2 Motor vehicle 3 Vehicle roof 4 Outer hood 5 Antenna unit 5a First part of the antenna unit 5b Second part of the antenna unit 6 DAB antenna 6a Helix antenna windings of the DAB antenna 6b Efficiency curve of the DAB antenna 7 AM-FM antenna 7a Helix antenna windings of the AM-FM antenna 7b Efficiency curve of the AM-FM antenna 8 First telephone LTE-5G antenna 9 Second telephone LTE-5G antenna 10 Third telephone LTE-5G antenna 11 Fourth telephone LTE-5G antenna 12 GNSS antenna 13 V2X antenna 14 V2X antenna 15 Main circuit board 15a First side of the main circuit board 15bSecond side of the main circuit board 16Carrier 16aCarrier element 17Protective cover 18First roof capacitance 20Screw connection 21Contact element 22First board side of the antenna unit 23Second board side of the antenna unit 24First board 25Through-hole connection 26Galvanic connection 27Second roof capacitance 28Slot 29Foot point of the AM-FM antenna 30Foot point of the DAB antenna 31First board side of the first telephone LTE-5G antenna 32SecondCircuit board side of the first phone LTE 5G antenna 33 Second circuit board 34 First antenna arm 35 Second antenna arm 36 Extension 37 Through-hole 38 Coil 39 Ground contact 40 Base point of the first phone LTE 5G antenna 41 Extension 42 Through-hole 43 Opening 44 Base point of the GNSS antenna 45 Base point of the second phone LTE 5G antenna 46 Metallized foam 47 Transceiver 48 Tuner 49 Control unit 50 Power supply 51 WLAN antenna 52 E-call backup antenna 53 Box 54 Connector 55 Second main circuit board 56 Connector Efficiency FFrequency F1first frequency range F2second frequency range f1first frequency f2second frequency f3third frequency f4fourth frequency

Claims

1. Antenna module (1) for a motor vehicle (2), wherein the antenna module (1) comprises at least one AM-FM antenna (7) and a DAB antenna (6), wherein the antenna module (1) has an antenna unit (5) comprising the combined AM-FM antenna (7) and the DAB antenna (6), wherein the antenna unit (5) has at least one first circuit board (24) having a first height in a first direction (z) and a first width in a second direction (x) that is perpendicular to the first direction (z), wherein helical antenna turns (7a, 6a) of the AM-FM antenna (7) and / or DAB antenna (6), at least part of which is in the form of a planar helical antenna, are arranged on the at least one first circuit board (24), wherein the helical antenna turns (7a, 6a), at least for the most part, run in the second direction (x), wherein the antenna module (1) has at least one first LTE 5G telephone antenna (8) arranged on a second circuit board (33) having a second height in the first direction (z) and a second width in a third direction (y) that is different from the first and second directions (x), in particular wherein the third direction (y) is at an angle with respect to the first and second directions (z, x) that is between 80° and 100°, and that is preferably 90°, characterized in that the at least one first LTE 5G telephone antenna (8) has a first antenna arm (34), which is associated with a first frequency range, in particular for frequencies greater than 1 GHz, and a second antenna arm (35), which is associated with a second frequency range, in particular for frequencies less than 1 GHz, wherein the first and the second antenna arm (34, 35) are capacitively coupled to one another and are galvanically isolated from one another.

2. Antenna module (1) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the antenna module (1) has at least one second LTE 5G telephone antenna (9), wherein the antenna unit (5) is arranged between the first LTE 5G telephone antenna (8) and the second LTE 5G telephone antenna (9), in particular wherein the second LTE 5G telephone antenna (9) is arranged on a third circuit board that is oriented perpendicularly to the second circuit board (33) of the first LTE 5G telephone antenna (8).

3. Antenna module (1) according to Claim 2, characterized in that the antenna module (1) has a GNSS antenna (12) that is arranged between the antenna unit (5) and the second LTE 5G telephone antenna (9).

4. Antenna module (1) according to Claim 3, characterized in that the GNSS antenna (12) is in the form of a patch antenna.

5. Antenna module (1) according to Claim 3, characterized in that the GNSS antenna (12) is in the form of a curved dipole antenna with capacitive excitation on a circuit board perpendicular to the second 5G LTE GSM antenna (9) and parallel to the first 5G LTE GSM antenna (8).

6. Antenna module (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the helical antenna turns (6a, 7a) of the DAB antenna (6) and of the AM-FM antenna (7) are arranged beside one another in the second direction (x) on the common first circuit board (24), wherein the AM-FM antenna (7) has a first roof capacitance (18) that is arranged above the first circuit board (24) in the first direction (z) and that is galvanically coupled to the helical antenna turns (7a) of the AM-FM antenna (7), in particular wherein the DAB antenna (6) has a second roof capacitance (27) that is arranged on a circuit board edge of the first circuit board (24) above the helical antenna turns (6a) of the DAB antenna (6) in the first direction (z) and is galvanically connected to the helical antenna turns (6a) of the DAB antenna (6).

7. Antenna module (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the AM-FM antenna (7) has a higher efficiency (E) in a first specific frequency range (F1) than in a specific second frequency range (F2) and wherein the DAB antenna (6) has a lower efficiency (E) than the AM-FM antenna (7) in the first frequency range (F1) and a lower efficiency (E) than in the second frequency range (F2), in which the DAB antenna (6) also has a higher efficiency (E) than the AM-FM antenna (7).

8. Antenna module (1) according to one of the preceding Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the antenna module (1) has a main printed circuit board (15, 55), wherein the first LTE 5G telephone antenna (8) and the antenna unit (5) are arranged on a first side (15a) of the main printed circuit board (15, 55), wherein the antenna module (1) has at least one antenna (51, 52), which is arranged on a second side (15b) of the main printed circuit board (15, 55), which is opposite the first side (15a), in particular wherein the at least one antenna (51, 52) is an e-call antenna (52) and / or a UWB antenna and / or a WLAN antenna (51) and / or a further LTE 5G telephone antenna.

9. Antenna module (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the antenna module (1) comprises an integrated tuner and / or transceiver and / or receiver and / or a bus system.

10. Antenna module (1) according to one of Claims 1-8, characterized in that the antenna module (1) does not comprise an integrated tuner or transceiver or receiver or a bus system, wherein the antenna module (1) has a matching network and / or an amplifier for at least one antenna that the antenna module (1) comprises, wherein a coaxial cable is connected to the matching network and / or an amplifier for coupling to a module-external tuner or transceiver or receiver.