NEVER

Description

field of technology

[0001] The invention relates to a pair of pliers with two pliers legs which intersect in a joint pin with a joint pin axis, one of which is to be regarded as movable and the other as fixed, wherein handle sections are formed on one side of the joint pin and jaws which interact as a pliers mouth are formed on the other side of the joint pin, wherein the movable pliers leg further has a longitudinal slot with a toothing and the joint pin located in a receptacle is movable out of a toothing engagement and the movable pliers leg passes through the fixed pliers leg, wherein the longitudinal slot further has an extension which, when the pliers are closed, runs transversely to a handle-side alignment of the pliers legs. State of the art

[0002] Pliers of the type in question are known, for example, from US 5 996 450 A or US 5 752 419 A. The pliers known from US 5 752 419 A have an adjustability with regard to the opening width, particularly in the closed position of the pliers jaws. For this purpose, the hinge pin is first moved out of the toothed engagement by pivoting the pliers legs into a largest possible open position and then the movable pliers leg is displaced, preferably together with the hinge pin, in the longitudinal slot having the toothing. Finally, the toothed engagement between the longitudinal slot and the hinge pin is re-established by pivoting the pliers legs back. This correspondingly shifts the geometric hinge pin axis within the longitudinal slot. With the pliers known from US 5 996 450 A, no fixed setting of an opening width is possible.

[0003] Furthermore, pliers with a latchable, depressible hinge pin for adjusting the jaw width are known (see DE 10 2007 049 032 A (WO 2008 / 049850 A1, US 2010 / 0064861 A1), which discloses the preamble of claim 1). In these pliers, the longitudinal slot runs in the alignment of the movable jaw when the pliers are closed. Such pliers can also have toothed working surfaces in the area of the jaws. Such a pliers is known, for example, from DE 20 2013 101 985 U1. In conventional combination pliers, such a toothed jaw is usually also referred to as a burner hole. In pliers whose jaw width is not adjustable, the hinge pin axis can be defined by a pivot pin's rotational axis.

[0004] US Pat. No. 9,475,177 B1 discloses a width-adjustable pair of pliers with overlapping jaws and a fixed pivot pin. The overlapping area is comparatively short. The same applies to a pair of pliers known from US Pat. No. 2,727,417 A. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the state of the art described above, the task is to design a pair of pliers of the type in question that is advantageous in terms of handling and function.

[0006] To achieve the object, a pair of pliers is specified in which the penetrating pliers leg, preferably the movable pliers leg, has an elongated overlapping area in which the penetrating pliers leg is covered on both sides by the penetrating pliers leg, preferably the fixed pliers leg, wherein the overlapping area further extends substantially at right angles to an adjustment direction of the hinge pin in the longitudinal slot, with a width which corresponds to 0.5 times or more of the maximum adjustment dimension, and with a length which corresponds to 2 times or more of the maximum adjustment dimension.

[0007] The proposed design results in ergonomically favorable handling while ensuring a functionally reliable design of the pliers. To release the toothed engagement, the hinge pin is moved in the direction of the hinge pin axis into a release position in a preferred embodiment. Preferably, such a load to displace the hinge pin is applied purely intentionally, for example, by pressing down with the thumb, particularly with the thumb of the hand gripping the pliers. Pivoting the pliers legs to the largest possible opening position is not necessary to adjust the opening width of the pliers jaws.

[0008] The overlap area can be viewed in a closed position of the pliers, more preferably with the jaw opening width set to the smallest.

[0009] Insofar as the overlapping areas of the penetrated pliers leg do not run congruently in a plan view of the pliers, in which a geometric longitudinal axis of the hinge pin is depicted as a point, the largest overlapping edge contour of the penetrated pliers leg indicates the overlap area, whereby this edge contour can also be composed as an imaginary edge contour over a length of the overlap area from an upper and a lower edge contour, each of which has the largest overlap dimension.

[0010] Also, as preferred, the penetration area of the penetrated pliers leg can be formed of the same material as the pliers head and the grip area of the penetrated pliers leg.

[0011] The hinge pin, which can be actuated by pressing down, can, as preferred, have a counter-toothing system that can be brought into engagement with the toothing of the elongated hole. Two or more, preferably three or more, for example up to five or eight, such as four, six, or seven different locking positions can be achieved along the longitudinal extent of the elongated hole with the toothing, with a corresponding number of adjustable jaw opening widths of the pliers.

[0012] This actuation of the hinge pin to release or engage the toothed mesh is also ergonomically optimized thanks to the slim design chosen, resulting from the overlapping of the pliers in a transition area between the pliers section that accommodates the hinge pin and the handle sections. The resulting slim design in the overlap area also allows for easy handling of the pliers, for example, in difficult-to-access areas.

[0013] The overlapping area is further preferably formed in a substantially rectilinear pliers leg area, preferably in the longitudinal direction, i.e. perpendicular to the adjustment direction, limited by widenings in both pliers legs, preferably at one end by a widening to form the pliers head with the joint formation, and preferably at the other end by an outwardly directed offset of the pliers legs to form the handle area.

[0014] Preferably, the overlapping area is provided with a width that remains substantially constant over the described length. A deviation (reduction or increase) of a width dimension of up to, for example, 2%, but preferably less than 10%, can occur compared to a width dimension averaged over the length of the overlapping area.

[0015] The width of the overlap area can be 0.5 to, for example, 2 times the adjustment dimension and the length can be 2 times to, for example, 5 or 10 times the adjustment dimension.

[0016] The pliers leg sections, particularly in this transition area between the pliers section accommodating the hinge pin and the handle sections, can preferably run in the same direction, particularly with respect to a respective center line located centrally between the edge edges running essentially perpendicular to the adjustment direction of the hinge pin. Thus, according to a preferred embodiment, these center lines of the pliers leg sections can run essentially parallel to one another. The inclusion of an acute angle of, for example, 1 or 2 degrees up to, for example, 10 or 15 degrees is also to be understood as essentially parallel within the meaning of the present invention.

[0017] With an exemplary maximum adjustment dimension of the pliers legs relative to one another along the longitudinal slot of approximately 10 mm, a length of the pliers leg sections extending essentially in the same direction, viewed transversely thereto, of approximately 20 to approximately 30 mm can be given, for example.

[0018] Both working surfaces can also each have teeth in their course from the free end of the jaws to the axis of rotation, which have the orientation of the tooth tips in the direction of the axis of rotation, followed by further teeth in the same working surface, which have the orientation of the tooth tips towards the free end of the jaws, or vice versa, wherein further oppositely directed groups of teeth are formed opposite each other on the first and second working surfaces, respectively.

[0019] The proposed alignment of the groups of teeth results in advantageous torque transmission to a workpiece gripped between the jaws, for example a round bolt. The workpiece can be gripped in the area of one working surface by one or more teeth aligned towards the free end of the jaws and in the area of the other working surface by one or more teeth aligned towards the axis of rotation. More preferably, improved torque transmission to the workpiece can be achieved by gripping the workpiece in the area of one working surface in a transition area between two groups whose teeth are differently aligned, and in the area of the other working surface, if appropriate, by a tooth tip directed in the selected direction of rotation.

[0020] The angle bisector refers to the angle between two flanks of a tooth when viewing a longitudinal slot through the jaws of the pliers. In this view, the flanks are preferably straight. However, they can also have a convex or concave curvature. In the case of a curved course, a geometrically straight line from a tooth tip to a tooth root is decisive for the angle bisector. If a tooth root is not present as such, the lowest point between two adjacent teeth can also be used as the tooth root. If, starting from the tooth tip, there is initially a straight flank which then transitions into a curve, only the straight section of the tooth flank can be used to limit the angle for the angle bisector.

[0021] It can also be provided that, viewed from a free end of the working surfaces of the pliers jaws towards the axis of rotation, a first group of teeth is initially formed on a first working surface of the pliers jaws, in which the respective angle bisector of the teeth extends from the tooth tip and away from the pliers jaws at an angle to the free end of the jaw, followed by a second group of teeth, in which the respective angle bisector extends at an angle to the joint-side end of the pliers jaws, followed by a third group of teeth, in which the respective angle bisector again extends at an angle to the free end of the jaw.

[0022] The first group described above does not necessarily have to be the absolute first group of the forceps jaws. In any case, this defined first group is followed by a second and a third group according to the previously described design.

[0023] Starting from the free end of the working surfaces of the forceps jaws or the free ends of the jaws facing away from the axis of rotation, there are preferably at least three groups of teeth lying one behind the other on the first working surface in its longitudinal extension, with adjacent groups having different orientations of the teeth with regard to the extension and inclination of the angle bisector.

[0024] Further preferably, corresponding groups of teeth are also formed on the opposite second working surface, preferably also in groups, each opposite the groups of teeth of the first working surface. An opposite position is particularly present when, in the case of a round or polygonal part gripped by the pliers, corresponding teeth or groups of teeth act on the part simultaneously. Relative to the total length of a penetration plane penetrating the pliers jaws (see also the explanations below), this can be the case, for example, for a part with a diameter, possibly the largest, that corresponds to a quarter or a half of the stated total length.

[0025] Also, in relation to a plane, for example a longitudinal center plane of the pliers, but in any case a penetration plane of the pliers jaws, acute angles can arise in the area of the pliers jaws between the angle bisector and a perpendicular to the plane. Also, in relation to the penetration plane, acute angles can arise in the area of the pliers jaws between the angle bisector and a perpendicular to the penetration plane. The penetration plane can be aligned perpendicular to a longitudinal center line of a longitudinal slot in which a hinge pin can be displaced to adjust the jaw width, as is known, for example, in pliers of the previously described design, or it can run in such a way that the axis of rotation extends within this plane.Furthermore, the orientation of such a penetration plane can be selected such that, when the jaws of the forceps are closed, a first contact of the areas of the working surfaces formed in the region of the free end occurs in this penetration plane.

[0026] The enforcement plane may coincide with the longitudinal median plane already mentioned, but it may also be different from it.

[0027] The aforementioned geometric longitudinal centerline is defined in the longitudinal slot in the adjustment direction of the hinge pin. The perpendicular to this line, along which the penetration plane runs, can intersect the longitudinal centerline within the extent of the longitudinal slot, but also in the area of an imaginary extension of the longitudinal centerline extending beyond the boundary of the longitudinal slot.

[0028] The longitudinal slot in which the pivot pin is adjustable can also be curved. In such a case, the longitudinal centerline is also curved, typically as a circular segment of a circle with a comparatively large diameter. In this case, the intersection point results in a perpendicularity to a tangent to the longitudinal centerline.

[0029] The free end is the area of the jaws, which preferably lies beyond the center of the pliers jaws, which is defined by the longitudinal extension of the jaws, away from the rotation axis. This free end can also be defined by additional working areas of the jaws that adjoin the toothed jaws in the direction of the jaw ends when the pliers are in the closed position. These additional working areas can also be toothed, but alternatively, they can also be designed with a smooth surface.

[0030] The first contact of the working surfaces at the free end of the jaws can occur, for example, through direct contact of the tooth tips of both jaws. In this case, this first contact can also simultaneously result in the pliers' closed position. This first contact can also occur merely through a simultaneous first contact between one or more teeth of both working surfaces, spaced in the direction of the penetration plane.

[0031] When a pair of pliers closes its jaws, one working surface can, assuming that the penetration plane is already in contact with it, shift the penetration plane until the required contact also occurs with the other working surface, at the same time as the first contact. This position of the penetration plane is then, as it were, frozen in our minds during the following discussion. Accordingly, reference to the penetration plane is always to be understood in relation to the frozen state.

[0032] The aforementioned first contacts refer to teeth of the forceps jaws located in a front area of the forceps jaws corresponding to the free end of the jaws. Accordingly, relative to the total length of the penetration plane penetrating the forceps jaws, this preferably refers to the front half of the total length corresponding to the free end.

[0033] There may also be initial contact of the penetration plane between the enveloping surfaces of the toothings, which enveloping surfaces are represented in the view described above as straight lines connecting the tooth tips. This can occur in particular with toothed working surfaces in the area of the free end, which toothings mesh with each other in the closed position of the pliers jaws. In this case, the initial contact of the penetration plane between the working surfaces in the area of the free end occurs before the closed position is reached, whereby the contact of the relevant working surfaces in the penetration plane can generally be point-like or surface-like.

[0034] Initially without taking the penetration plane into account, it is preferred, viewed from the free end of the working surfaces of the pliers jaws towards the rotation axis, that in the first working surface of the pliers jaws, a first group of teeth is initially formed, in which the acute angle is given between the vertical and the rotation axis, followed by a second group of teeth, in which the acute angle is given between the vertical and the free end of the working surfaces of the pliers jaws, followed by a third group of teeth, whose acute angles are again given between the vertical and the rotation axis.

[0035] Advantageously, at least two changes in tooth alignment are obtained with respect to the longitudinal extent of the working surface, whereby the teeth of the first group tend to point in the direction of the rotation axis due to the described alignment of the angle bisector - viewed in the direction of the pliers jaws -, the teeth of the second group tend to point in the direction of the free end of the working surface and the third group again tend to point in the direction of the rotation axis.

[0036] The acute angles may have amounts between about 0.5 and about 60 degrees or more, preferably about 1 to about 50 degrees, wherein preferably within one group there may be angle ranges between, for example, about 5 and about 25 degrees or between about 30 and about 45 degrees, whereas within another group there may be angle ranges between, for example, about 3 and about 20 degrees or between about 25 and about 50 degrees.

[0037] The opposite working surface also features two groups of teeth, alternating in tooth direction as described. A group on the second, opposite working surface can also comprise so many teeth that it faces several groups, for example, two groups on the first working surface.

[0038] The selected alignment of the groups of teeth on both working surfaces can result in different areas of influence in the jaws of the pliers. For example, in one area, using one or two adjacent groups of correspondingly aligned teeth, a favorable left-handed influence on a workpiece, such as a screw, can be achieved, while another area offset from this area provides a favorable right-handed influence. The proposed reciprocal alignment of the groups of teeth allows for a higher torque to be transmitted than with known designs. A certain degree of engagement between the teeth and the workpiece can be achieved in a handling-friendly manner. During rotation, higher forces can be transmitted via the teeth of the working surfaces before the force-locking action on the workpiece is interrupted, compared to known solutions, with the same force being applied.

[0039] With regard to the transmission of torque and the screwing direction, it is essential that opposing teeth of both working surfaces act on the workpiece.

[0040] Furthermore, it can be provided that, with regard to the lines described, each line has at least two adjoining subsections which, pointing towards the jaws of the forceps, enclose an angle of 170 degrees or less up to, for example, 100 degrees to one another, and that these subsections are opposite subsections of the other line, which, likewise pointing towards the jaws of the forceps, enclose an angle of 170 degrees or more up to, for example, 190 degrees to one another, and that each line contains two subsections which, viewed in the same direction, enclose an angle of 190 degrees or more to one another.

[0041] The proposed arrangement and alignment of the tapered teeth results in a jaw design that is convenient for handling. Thus, the contours of both working surfaces can preferably be elongated in a sinusoidal shape, correspondingly featuring a trough and a crest of the wave when viewed from the side toward the jaws, as well as a turning point between the trough and the crest. Preferably, with respect to the penetration plane, the crest of the wave of the other working surface is opposite the trough of the wave of the line of one working surface.

[0042] As previously described in connection with the angular alignment of the teeth, this can advantageously result in an area within one of the pliers jaws which is designed for a left-turning action, for example on a screw or bolt or the like, and for this purpose, viewed in the longitudinal extension of the pliers, a further area is offset for a right-turning action, for example on a screw or bolt.

[0043] The line described above is preferably obtained in a side view or in a cross-section through the area of the forceps jaws, in which cross-section the geometric pivot axis of the forceps legs is represented as a point, by a straight line connection of the tooth tips to one another.

[0044] The described characterizations with regard to the angle bisectors and with regard to the lines can also be realized at the same time on the jaws of the forceps.

[0045] When adjusting the penetrating and penetrating pliers limbs from a smaller to a larger jaw opening width with respect to the handle-side pliers limb sections, the area of overlap between the pliers limb sections can initially be larger. The overall slimmed-down area of the pliers limb sections preferably always offers good support between the limb sections in every jaw opening position. This results in improved handling of the pliers. The slimming effect of this area is preferably even more pronounced with larger jaw opening widths. According to a preferred embodiment, the extent of overlap - viewed in a direction transverse to the center lines of the pliers limb sections - can increase with an increase in the opening width. Accordingly, with a large opening width, the area of support between the pliers limbs is larger.The adjustment to a larger opening width of the forceps jaws can be conveniently achieved by applying finger pressure to both forceps arms in the area where the forceps arms overlap and thereby supporting the movement towards each other.

[0046] If a jaw opening width is exceeded that does not correspond to the adjustable smallest jaw opening width, a further displacement of the pliers limbs to achieve a larger jaw opening width may, in turn, result in a reduction in the surface area of the overlapping pliers limb sections. Thus, by displacing the pliers limbs after releasing the locking mechanism in the elongated hole, a jaw opening range can be traversed, in which the largest possible surface area of the pliers limb sections is achieved.

[0047] In a preferred embodiment, the pliers leg sections are at least partially superimposed in each jaw opening position of the pliers.

[0048] Also, as preferred, the width of the pliers in the overlapping area can initially decrease from a closed position when adjusted to a larger jaw opening width, particularly when adjusting the pliers from a minimum jaw opening width toward a larger jaw opening width. The smallest width of the pliers in the area of the previously described pliers leg sections is achieved with the largest possible overlapping.

[0049] The width in the region of the thus slimmed-down section is further preferably significantly smaller in any jaw opening width—particularly in relation to a jaw closing position—than the width viewed in the same direction in the region of the jaws and, more preferably, in the region of the forceps limbs. Thus, the greatest width in the region of the previously described forceps limb sections can, for example, correspond to approximately 0.3 to 0.8 times, and optionally also to 0.4 to 0.6 times, the width in the region of the jaws or the forceps limbs. This results in the described waist in the region of the forceps limb sections.

[0050] In a further embodiment, the fixed pliers leg can have a groove designed for pressure actuation of the hinge pin, with a hinge pin axis preferably arranged eccentrically to a geometric center axis of the groove. The groove provides a convenient finger rest, particularly a thumb rest, for further convenient actuation of the hinge pin. The hinge pin is preferably displaced linearly toward the bottom of the groove to thereby release the toothed engagement.

[0051] The pivot pin axis can be offset from the pit center axis in the adjustment direction of the pliers jaws. This can result in an offset from the previously described longitudinal center plane. The offset arrangement of the pivot pin axis advantageously contributes to a slim design of the pliers overall.

[0052] The jaws may also have working areas with serrations. This may be of the type described above.

[0053] The working areas can be recessed towards the tip of the pliers, with respect to the longitudinal extension of the pliers jaws, so that an opening remains when viewed from the front when the pliers or the jaws are closed. This creates a front-facing gripping opening in the area of the pliers jaws, which preferably has a toothed contour. This makes it easier to grip and, for example, rotate an object from the front with the proposed pliers.

[0054] With regard to a specific design of the pliers jaws, in particular with regard to advantageous torque transmission, with regard to the design and arrangement of the teeth of the first working surface, according to a further development it can be provided that the third group of teeth is followed by a fourth group of teeth, in which the respective angle bisector of the teeth extends inclined towards the joint-side end of the pliers jaws.

[0055] Thus, acute angles of the fourth group can occur between the angle bisector and the perpendicular to the plane - viewed in the direction of the jaws of the pliers - between the perpendicular and the free end of the working surfaces of the jaws of the pliers.

[0056] This results in a further change in the tooth alignment of this fourth group compared to the third group of teeth, so that, viewed along the length of the first working surface, four groups of teeth are preferably provided. The tooth tips of the teeth of the first and third groups preferably point toward the rotational axis—viewed in the direction of the forceps jaws—while the tooth tips of the teeth of the second and fourth groups preferably point toward the free end of the first working surface.

[0057] Two groups of teeth with essentially the same direction are spaced apart in the longitudinal direction of the working area by a group of teeth which tend to be oppositely directed.

[0058] The acute angles of the teeth of the groups with generally similar orientations, for example, the first and third groups or the second and fourth groups, can be substantially identical or can range within a substantially identical value range. In this respect, two groups with substantially similarly oriented teeth can also have different value ranges for the acute angles, for example, one group with an acute angle range of approximately 5 to approximately 25 degrees and another group with a value range of, for example, approximately 30 to approximately 45 degrees.

[0059] There may also be some overlap between the value ranges. For example, one value range may be between approximately 5 and approximately 35 degrees, while the value range of the other group of similarly aligned teeth may be between approximately 30 and approximately 45 degrees.

[0060] Preferably, groups of teeth are located opposite one another with a specific orientation of the angle bisector or angular orientation with respect to the plane. With reference to a perpendicular projection of these groups onto the described plane, this can result in complete or partial overlap, for example, by one-third or more, up to, for example, two-thirds or more, of these opposing groups. A group of teeth on the first working surface, whose tooth tips tend to be directed toward the axis of rotation, can correspondingly be at least partially opposite a group of teeth on the second working surface, whose tooth tips also tend to point toward the axis of rotation.

[0061] The tooth tips can be offset from one another with respect to the opposing position, relative to the perpendicular, through the plane. This can result in a "gap" arrangement of the teeth of both working surfaces, in which arrangement the tooth tip of a tooth of the first working surface, viewed perpendicular to the plane, points essentially toward a tooth base between two teeth of the second working surface.

[0062] In a further embodiment, the second working surface of the forceps jaws can be provided with a first group of teeth, in which the respective angle bisector of the teeth extends from the tooth tip and away from the forceps jaws at an angle to the free end of the jaw, followed by a second group of teeth in which the respective angle bisector extends at an angle to the joint-side end of the forceps jaws.

[0063] The acute angle of the first group of the second working surface resulting from the inclination can be given - viewed within the jaws of the pliers - between the vertical and the axis of rotation and, in the case of the second group of the same working surface, between the vertical and the free end of the working surfaces of the jaws of the pliers.

[0064] More preferably, the second group of teeth may comprise two subgroups of teeth, a first subgroup with a small inclination or small acute angles and a second subgroup with a large inclination or larger acute angles.

[0065] The second group of teeth is preferably assigned to an end region of the second working surface facing the rotational axis. A further subdivision of the second group into two subgroups results in a preferred arrangement in which the subgroup with a smaller inclination or smaller acute angles can be provided facing the transition region of the second group into the first group of the second working area, which essentially faces the free end.

[0066] A subgroup may contain one, two or more teeth.

[0067] The values of the larger acute angles of the second subgroup may, as also preferred, correspond to approximately 1.5 to 100 times, further for example approximately 3 to 50 times the values of the smaller acute angles of the first subgroup.

[0068] Thus, the first subgroup of the second group in the region of the second working surface can have acute angles in a value range of, for example, approximately 0.5 degrees up to 10 degrees, further, for example, approximately 1 to approximately 5 degrees, and the subsequent second subgroup can have acute angles in a value range of, for example, approximately 10 to approximately 45 degrees, further, for example, approximately 15 to approximately 40 degrees.

[0069] Also, an angle bisector, particularly in the case of a tooth, can essentially coincide with the vertical in a transition area between two successive groups, so that there are no angles or a zero-degree angle between them.

[0070] According to a preferred development, it can be provided that a round bolt can be gripped both in a front area facing the free end of the jaws and in a rear area of the pliers jaws facing the axis of rotation by one or more oppositely directed teeth of the first or second working surface, wherein in the front and rear areas, teeth of different groups of teeth are in engagement with the round bolt, wherein the round bolt can further be gripped in the rear area by two teeth each assigned to one of the opposite working surfaces, the tooth tips of which run in opposite directions, and in the front area by two teeth each assigned to one of the opposite working surfaces, the tooth tips of which run in opposite directions.

[0071] For a possible diameter of such a round bolt, please refer to the explanations above.

[0072] The above-described teeth of a work surface for dual gripping of the workpiece, for example, a round bolt, in the front and rear areas are further preferably inclined in opposite directions. Thus, the tooth of the first work surface associated with the rear area can be inclined in the same direction as the tooth of the second work surface associated with the front area.

[0073] Furthermore, it can be provided that the double grip of the round bolt is possible in any case if the round bolt has a diameter which requires a pliers jaw opening of approximately 10 degrees for the aforementioned gripping of the round bolt in the front area or in the rear area.

[0074] Such gripping can also be achieved at other opening angles of the pliers jaws, for example with a pliers jaw opening of up to 30 or 45 degrees, and preferably also in an open position of less than 10 degrees, and so on, depending on the overall design of the pliers jaws, for example up to a completely closed position. The respective pliers jaw opening depends on the diameter of the workpiece, e.g. a round bolt, as well as on the gripping position in the pliers jaws, and so on, depending on whether the workpiece is gripped in the front area of the pliers jaws, away from the joint, or in the rear area, close to the joint. The arrangement of a round bolt in the front area of the pliers jaws can require a smaller pliers jaw opening than the arrangement of a round bolt with the same diameter in the rear area.

[0075] Advantageously, the alignment of the tooth tips can be predetermined by a different length of tooth flanks of the respective tooth, wherein, in the case of an alignment in the direction of the axis of rotation, the longer tooth flank is formed on the side of the tooth tip facing away from the axis of rotation and, in the case of an alignment of the tooth tip towards the free end of the jaws, the longer tooth flank is formed on the side of the tooth tip facing away from the free end of the jaws.

[0076] The tooth flanks are shown in a view in which the axis of rotation is shown as a point, on both sides of the tooth tip, starting from the tooth tip to a tooth base, in which there is a transition to the next tooth and its tooth flank.

[0077] The tooth flanks can be straight in the view described or, if necessary, curved in sections. In the case of a curved flank profile, the length of the tooth flank can be defined by a straight line connecting the ends of the tooth flank. For further information, please refer to the explanations above.

[0078] The ranges, value ranges, or multiple ranges specified above and below also include all intermediate values with regard to the disclosure, in particular in 1 / 10 steps of the respective dimension, and may therefore also be dimensionless. For example, the specification 0.5 to 3 times also includes the disclosure of 0.6 to 3 times, 0.5 to 2.9 times, 0.6 to 2.9 times, etc.; the disclosure of 170 degrees or less also includes the disclosure of 169.9 degrees or less, etc.; the disclosure of 5 to 25 degrees also includes the disclosure of 5.1 to 25 degrees, 5 to 24.9 degrees, 5.1 to 24.9 degrees, etc. This disclosure can serve, on the one hand, to delimit a stated range limit from below and / or above, but alternatively or additionally, to disclose one or more singular values from a respectively specified range. Short description of the drawing

[0079] The invention is explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which, however, only represent exemplary embodiments. A part that is explained only with reference to one of the exemplary embodiments and is not replaced by another part in another embodiment due to the special feature highlighted therein is thus also described for this further embodiment as a possible part present at any rate. The drawing shows: Fig. 1 a pair of pliers of the type in question in perspective view, relating to a first embodiment; Fig. 2 the pliers in view; Fig. 3 the side view of the pliers according to arrow III in Figure 2 ; Fig. 4 the rear view of the forceps; Fig. 5 the enlargement of area V in Figure 2 ; Fig. 6the front view against the pliers according to arrow VI in Figure 5 ; Fig. 7 the enlargement of area VII in Figure 6 ; Fig. 8 the greatly enlarged view of area VIII in Figure 2; Fig. 9one of the Figure 8 corresponding magnification of a forceps jaw; Fig. 10 the magnification of the area X in Figure 9 , with only a dash-dotted representation of one of the jaws; Fig. 11 one of the Figure 10 corresponding representation, but with only dash-dotted representation of the other jaw; Fig. 12 the enlargement of area XII in Figure 9 , with only a dash-dotted representation of one of the jaws; Fig. 13 one of the Figure 12 corresponding representation, but with only a dash-dotted representation of the other jaw; Fig. 14 the enlarged section along the line XIV-XIV in Figure 4 ; Fig. 15one of the Figure 14 essentially corresponding representation, concerning a hinge pin position for releasing a locking; Fig. 16 the section along the line XVI-XVI in Figure 3 , concerning a smallest jaw opening width of the pliers; Fig. 17 a sectional view according to Figure 16, concerning a mean jaw opening width of the forceps; Fig. 18 another of the Figure 16 corresponding sectional view, concerning a largest jaw opening width of the forceps; Fig. 19one of the Figure 5 corresponding illustration, when gripping a workpiece in a front jaw area; Fig. 20 one of the Figure 19 corresponding illustration, when gripping a workpiece in a rear jaw area; Fig. 21 a pair of pliers in a second embodiment (not subject of the invention); Fig. 22 the enlargement of area XXII in Figure 21 ; Fig. 23 to Fig. 26 schematic representations of alternative pincer jaw floor plans. Description of the embodiments

[0080] Shown and described is, firstly, with reference to the Figures 1 to 4 , a pair of pliers 1 in the form of assembly and / or gripping pliers.

[0081] In the Figures 21 and 22 Such pliers 1 are shown in the form of a conventional combination pliers.

[0082] The pliers 1 have two pliers legs 3 and 4 that intersect in a hinge pin 2 with a hinge pin axis x. According to the illustrated embodiments, the pliers leg 3 is to be regarded as a fixed pliers leg and the pliers leg 4 as a movable pliers leg that can be pivoted about the hinge pin axis x to open and close a pliers jaw 7 that results between jaws 5 and 6 of the pliers legs 3 and 4 relative to the fixed pliers leg 3.

[0083] The jaws 5 and 6 are formed on the pliers legs 3 and 4 on one side of the hinge pin 2, while the sections of the pliers legs 3 and 4 facing away from the jaws 5 and 6 form handle sections 8 and 9.

[0084] The fixed pliers leg 3 can be adjusted according to the Figures 1 to 13illustrated first embodiment can be designed in a fork-shaped manner in the intersection area with the movable pliers leg 4, in order to encompass on both sides the movable pliers leg 4 passing through the fixed pliers leg 3 in the area of a slotted opening 10 resulting therefor.

[0085] The hinge pin 2 is received in a bore-like receptacle 12 in a fork section 11 of the fixed pliers leg 3, passing through a longitudinal slot 13 in the intersection area of the movable pliers leg 4 and a bore-like opening 14 in the further fork section 15 of the fixed pliers leg 3, which opening is further formed in axial extension to the bore-like receptacle 12.

[0086] The longitudinal slot 13 has an extension S along a longitudinal center line 50, which when the pliers 1 are closed, for example as shown in Figure 2, preferably runs transversely to the handle-side alignment of the pliers legs 3 and 4 and thus further preferably runs transversely to a longitudinal extension L of the pliers 1 as a whole.

[0087] The longitudinal slot 13 can, as is also preferred, be formed along at least one longitudinal edge, more preferably along both longitudinal edges, with a toothing 16 for cooperation with a counter-toothing 17 formed on the outside of the wall of the hinge pin 2.

[0088] This counter toothing 17 extends from a hinge pin base 19 located in the receptacle 12 of the fork section 11 over approximately half the extent of the hinge pin 2 in the direction of the hinge pin axis x, so that in a basic orientation of the hinge pin 2, for example according to the illustrations in the Figures 14 and 16 , a toothed engagement between the hinge pin 2 and the longitudinal slot 13 is provided.

[0089] In this basic orientation, the hinge pin 2 is preferably loaded by a spring, for example, a leaf spring 18. The leaf spring 18 can, as is also preferred, be anchored in the area of the fork section 11 of the fixed pliers leg 3 and act with its free end on the hinge pin base 19, such that the hinge pin 2 is loaded to a limited extent in the direction of the tooth engagement.

[0090] Furthermore, in this basic orientation, the hinge pin 2 projects beyond the axially outwardly facing opening edge of the further opening 14 formed in the fork section 15, forming a plate-like actuating projection 20.

[0091] The leaf spring 18 is preferably arranged starting from a support area provided at one end on the associated end of the hinge pin, the hinge pin base 19, directed towards the overlap area and is fastened in the overlap area to the fixed pliers leg.

[0092] Surrounding the above-described opening 14 in the fork section 15, a dome-shaped recess 39 can be formed in the fork section 15. This recess 39 preferably serves as a thumb groove when actuating the hinge pin 2.

[0093] A pit central axis y running parallel to the pivot pin axis x is preferably arranged eccentrically to the pivot pin axis x, wherein a corresponding offset in the adjustment direction r of the pliers jaw 7 determined by the orientation of the longitudinal slot 13 is further preferably provided. This can result in a corresponding offset dimension a which can correspond to approximately 0.3 to 0.8 times, furthermore approximately 0.5 times the pin diameter (cf. Figure 2 ).

[0094] To change the jaw opening width w between the jaws 5 and 6, the hinge pin 2 must first be displaced in the axial direction, possibly counter to the restoring force of the leaf spring 18, such that the toothed engagement with the longitudinal slot 13 is canceled. For this purpose, as is also preferred, the hinge pin 2 can be subjected to a pressure load in the area of the actuating projection 20, for example by thumb actuation. In the axially displaced position of the hinge pin 2 as shown in Figure 15 the toothing engagement is canceled and a linear displacement of the movable pliers leg 4 relative to the fixed pliers leg 3 in the adjustment direction r is possible.

[0095] In this displaced position of the hinge pin 2, its base 19 can be moved in the direction of the hinge pin axis x into a position spaced from the associated surface of the fork section 11. The hinge pin 2 protrudes from the receptacle 12 with the end facing away from the actuating projection 20 (see Figure 15 ).

[0096] The Figures 16 to 18 show the pliers 1 of the first embodiment with differently adjusted jaw opening widths w, where in Figure 16 For example, the smallest possible mouth opening width w and in Figure 18 The largest possible mouth opening width w is shown as an example, while Figure 17 shows an intermediate position.

[0097] In a further embodiment of the described first embodiment, viewed in the longitudinal extension L of the pliers 1, between the intersecting fork sections 11 and 15 and their handle sections 8 and 9, pliers leg sections 21 and 22 are formed, in particular in the pliers closed position, for example, according to Figure 16 in a substantially parallel direction. These pliers leg sections 21 and 22 preferably run substantially parallel to one another in the closed position of the pliers, more preferably in a parallel alignment to a longitudinal center plane E passing centrally through the pliers jaws 7. This longitudinal center plane E equally passes through both pliers legs 3, 4, particularly in the region of the pliers leg sections 21 and 22.

[0098] The pliers leg sections 21 and 22 are, viewed in the longitudinal extension of the pliers 1, essentially limited by widenings resulting from these sections, so on the handle side by a respective offset area 40 and 41 and opposite by the widening forming the pliers head 42 with the longitudinal slot 13 or with the fork sections 11 and 15 (compare in particular Figure 16 ).

[0099] In the described closed position of the pliers jaws, the edge edges 43 and 44 delimiting the pliers leg section 21 extend in a preferably perpendicular orientation to the longitudinal slot 13 or to the adjustment direction r, further preferably parallel to one another and furthermore preferably parallel to the further edge edges 45 and 46 of the pliers leg section 22.

[0100] The penetrating, movable pliers leg 4 is in an overlap area U (see for better illustration in the Figures 16 to 18 The areas shown in hatched form are covered on both sides by the fixed pliers leg 3. The coverage is essentially in the area of the pliers leg sections 21 and 22.

[0101] A total length d of the overlap area U, considered in the direction of the longitudinal extension L of the pliers 1, can correspond to approximately 2 to 4 times the possible adjustment dimension f of the hinge pin 2 in the longitudinal slot 13, resulting transversely to the longitudinal alignment of the pliers leg sections 21 and 22. The width g in the overlap area U between the edge 45 of the movable pliers leg 4 and the edge 44 of the fixed pliers leg 3 (cf. Figure 16 ) or - depending on the jaw width setting - between the edge 43 of the fixed pliers leg 3 and the edge 46 of the movable pliers leg 4 (compare Figures 17 and 18) can correspond approximately to 0.5 to 2 times the possible adjustment dimension f of the hinge pin 2 in the longitudinal slot 13, resulting transversely to the longitudinal alignment of the pliers leg sections 21 and 22. In addition, the width g of the overlap area can correspond approximately to 1.5 to 4 times the corresponding length d.

[0102] The width g of the overlapping area U can initially increase from a smaller mouth opening width w to a larger mouth opening width w, for example starting from the smallest mouth opening width w according to Figure 16 into an intermediate position of the adjustable jaw opening according to Figure 17, in which possible intermediate position an at least approximately complete overlap of the pliers leg sections 21 and 22 can be achieved. The length d, however, can be at least approximately the same in all jaw opening positions of the pliers 1 - relative to the respective jaw closing position.

[0103] With increasing overlap width g, there is a corresponding reduction in the width h of the pliers 1 in the area of the pliers leg sections 21 and 22. In this regard, a smallest width dimension h in the closed position of the pliers jaws is preferred, which can correspond to approximately 0.4 to 0.6 times, furthermore approximately 0.5 times, the length d. A possible maximum width h with only partial overlap of the pliers leg sections 21 and 22 can, for example, correspond to approximately 0.6 to 0.9 times, furthermore approximately 0.75 times the previously described length d of the pliers leg sections 21 and 22.

[0104] Overall, the pliers 1 have a slim design, particularly in the area of the pliers leg sections 21 and 22. The pliers leg sections 21 and 22 preferably recede behind the design of the jaws 5 and 6 in every pliers jaw width setting. The width dimension k of the pliers 1 in the area of jaws 5 and 6 viewed perpendicular to the longitudinal center plane E - related to the pliers jaw closed position - corresponds in every jaw opening width position to at least 1.3 times up to approximately 2 times the width h viewed in the same direction in the area of the pliers leg sections 21 and 22 in the overlap area U.

[0105] The jaws 5 and 6 have working surfaces 23 and 24, which are arranged in the Figures 1 to 18 illustrated first embodiment are formed solely by a toothing 25 and 26 respectively. Between these toothings 25 and 26, even in a pliers closed position, for example according to Figure 2a jaw opening 27 of the forceps jaw 7.

[0106] Each toothing 25 and 26 is formed by teeth 28 which taper towards the jaws 7 of the pliers, the tooth tips 29 of which or the tooth valleys 30 resulting between the teeth 28 extend essentially in the direction of the pivot pin axis x forming a rotation axis.

[0107] The jaws 7 preferably remain in the smallest closed position according to Figure 2 a jaw opening 27 extending transversely and longitudinally to the longitudinal center plane E, into which teeth 28 of the toothing 25, 26 protrude. In this case, the pliers jaw 7, in a view in which the rotation axis x is represented as a point and the longitudinal center plane E as a line, is initially limited on both sides of the longitudinal center plane E by the working surfaces 23, 24 of the jaws 5, 6. The pliers jaw further has an enforcement plane D, compare magnified view in Figure 5, which may, but need not, coincide with the longitudinal center plane E. If the jaws of the forceps are closed further after the defined creation of the penetration plane D, the embodiment will coincide with the longitudinal center plane E.

[0108] In the illustrated embodiment, with a forceps jaw 7 in the position according to the magnifying glass, the Figure 5, the penetration plane D extends approximately centrally with respect to the working surfaces 23, 24 at the free end of the jaws 5, 6. Ultimately, however, the extension only depends on the rules explained above and again below. In this case, the penetration plane D can be obtained by running at right angles to the longitudinal center line 50 of the longitudinal slot 13 when the jaws 7 are in the most closed position, resulting in an intersection point P of the penetration plane D and the longitudinal center line 50 (cf. Figure 5 ).

[0109] In an embodiment according to the Figures 21 and 22 the rotation axis x preferably runs in the enforcement plane D, compare magnified view to Figure 21 , and in the embodiment also coincident with the longitudinal center plane E.

[0110] A maximum length of the penetration plane D referred to in the application refers to a dimension A from the joint-side end of the jaw opening 27 to the first contact of a tooth, compare also the magnifying glass illustration of the Figure 5 .

[0111] Furthermore, the orientation of the penetration plane D starting from point P is selected such that at this penetration plane D, during the closing of the forceps jaws 7, a simultaneous first contact of both working surfaces in the free end 48 of both jaws 5 and 6 occurs, for example by the tooth tips in an end region of the jaws - viewed from the rotation axis x - adjoining the forceps jaws 7. This first contact can, as preferred, be achieved before the forceps jaws reach a closed position. The enlarged view in Figure 5 shows - contrary to the closed position in the otherwise shown Figure 5- this contact position. This results in a linear contact of the penetration plane D by at least one tooth of each jaw 5 and 6.

[0112] The tooth tips 29 are with respect to a side view against the pliers 1, for example according to Figure 9 , flanked on both sides by tooth flanks 47 and 47', which run away from the tooth tips 29 into the tooth valleys 30. The tooth flanks 47 and 47', which are straight in the view, form an angle to each other. In the greatly enlarged representations of the Figures 10 to 13, in which, for the sake of clarity, a jaw is shown only in dash-dotted lines, angle bisectors Q are drawn centrally to the tooth flanks 47 and 47' of a tooth 28, which each enclose an acute angle δ or ε with a perpendicular N intersecting the tooth tip 29 at the same point as the angle bisector Q and oriented transversely to the penetration plane D in the area in which the angle bisector Q extends within the pliers jaw 7.

[0113] As can be seen in particular from the Figures 9 , 11 and 13As can be seen, two groups G5 and G6 of teeth 28 with different orientations of the respective acute angles δ or ε are formed on the jaw 5. Viewed from a free end 48 of the jaw 5 facing away from the rotation axis or hinge pin axis x, or the corresponding working surface 23, towards the hinge pin axis x, a first group G5 of teeth 28 is formed on this second working surface 23, the acute angles δ of which arise between the vertical N and the hinge pin axis x.

[0114] Starting from the tooth tip 29, the angle bisectors Q of the teeth 28 of this group G5 extend away from the forceps jaw 7 in the direction of the free end 48 of the jaw 5 at an increasing angle.

[0115] The acute angle δ of a tooth 28 in group G5 can be, for example, about 20 to about 50 degrees, further, for example, about 25 to about 40 degrees.

[0116] The tooth tips 29 of this first group G5 of the jaw 5, which point into the jaws 7, are directed within the jaws 7 in the direction of the pivot pin axis / rotation axis x, as viewed from the side. This results in a corresponding sweep of the teeth 28 in the direction of the pivot pin axis / rotation axis x.

[0117] Starting from the free end 48, the vertical distance b of the tooth tip 29 to the penetration plane D increases gradually within the group G5. Thus, according to the illustrated embodiment, starting from the free end 48, the distance b can approximately double from tooth to tooth.

[0118] This group G5 is followed by the second group G6, with teeth 28, the acute angles ε of which are formed between the vertical N and the free end 48, or with angle bisectors Q, which, starting from the tooth tips 29, run inclined downwards towards the jaws 7 of the pliers in the direction of the pivot pin axis x.

[0119] This second group G6 can, in turn, be subdivided, as is also preferred, into two subgroups G6-1 and G6-2. The acute angles ε of the subgroup G6-1 adjoining the first group G5 are chosen to be significantly smaller than the acute angles ε of the subgroup G6-2 adjoining this subgroup G6-1 in the direction of the rotation axis x. Accordingly, the slope in the area of subgroup G6-1 is smaller than in subgroup G6-2.

[0120] Thus, with respect to the first subgroup G6-1, the second group G6 can, for example, have acute angles between about 0.5 (or less, possibly up to approximately 0 degrees) and about 10 degrees, furthermore, for example, about 1 to about 5 degrees, and with respect to the second subgroup G6-2, for example, acute angles ε between about 10 and about 45 degrees, furthermore, for example, about 15 to about 40 degrees. The angles ε of the second subgroup G6-2 can accordingly correspond to about 1.5 to about 100 times, furthermore, for example, about 3 to about 50 times the acute angle ε of the first subgroup G6-1.

[0121] Starting from the tooth 28 of the second group G6 or the first subgroup G6-1 directly adjoining the first group G5, the vertical distance b of the teeth 28 to the penetration plane D can decrease gradually in the direction toward the rotation axis x. The distance b of the tooth 28 of the second group G6 directly adjoining the first group G5 can, for example, be selected to be 1.2 to 1.7 times greater than the distance b of the tooth 28 of the first group G5 directly adjoining the second group G6 in the direction toward the free end 48.

[0122] In the direction of the last tooth 28 of the second group G6 facing the axis of rotation x, a reduction of the respective distance b from tooth to tooth to approximately 0.5 to approximately 0.8 times the distance b of the immediately adjacent tooth 28 of the same group G6 in the direction of the free end 48 can result.

[0123] With regard to the working surface 23 of the jaw 5, starting from the free end 48 towards the rotation axis x, there may initially be an almost continuous increase in the distance b in the area of the group G5, followed by the transition into the second group G6 from a preferably almost continuous decrease in the distance b.

[0124] The tooth tips 29 of the second group G6 of the jaw 5 are directed in the direction of the free end 48 with respect to the side view, resulting in a corresponding arrowing of the teeth 28 in the direction of the pliers tip 34.

[0125] In the working surface 24 of the jaw 6, according to the illustrated embodiment, there are preferably four groups G1 to G4 of teeth, which are arranged one behind the other in the longitudinal extension L of the working surface 24, starting from the free end 48 in the direction of the pivot pin axis / rotation axis x, with the group G1 beginning via the groups G2 and G3 up to the group G4, wherein each group change is accompanied by a change in the orientation of the acute angles δ and ε or the inclination in the direction of the free end or the rotation axis x (compare in particular Figures 9 , 10 and 12 ).

[0126] The acute angles δ of groups G1 and G3 can each be set between the vertical N and the rotation axis x, while in groups G2 and G4 these acute angles ε arise between the vertical N and the free end 48. Accordingly, in groups G1 and G3 the angle bisector Q is inclined away from the jaws 7 of the forceps towards the free end and in groups G2 and G4 towards the rotation axis x.

[0127] The acute angle δ of a tooth 28 in group G1 can be, for example, approximately 5 to approximately 30 degrees, further, for example, approximately 10 to approximately 20 degrees. Compared to this group G1, the acute angles in group G3 can be selected to be at least partially larger. In this regard, in group G3, an acute angle δ can be selected, for example, between approximately 20 and approximately 60 degrees, further, for example, between approximately 30 and approximately 45 degrees.

[0128] The acute angle ε of a tooth 28 in group G2 can vary in value approximately within the same range as described for the acute angle δ of the first group G1, but this acute angle ε results on the side of the perpendicular N opposite the angle δ. Compared to this group G2, the acute angles in group G4 can be selected to be at least partially larger. Preferably, a value range of the acute angle ε of group 4 can result, as described for the acute angle δ of group G3.

[0129] Furthermore, as shown, two regions C1 and C2 can result, each composed of a group with acute angles δ and an adjacent group with acute angles ε, the acute angles δ and ε of these two groups having the same or approximately the same value ranges. Thus, in the described embodiment, a first region C1 is composed of the groups G1 and G2, and a second region C2 is composed of the groups G3 and G4.

[0130] As can be seen further, the distances b in the area C2, i.e. in the area of the groups G3 and G4, are essentially larger than in the first area C1.

[0131] While, with respect to the working surface 23 of the other jaw 5, the distances b between the tooth tips 29 and the penetration plane D result in the free space of the pliers jaw 7, negative distances b can result in the area of the opposite working surface 24, in particular in the area of the first group G1, due to an extension of the respective tooth 28 beyond the penetration plane D. Accordingly, a distance b results, measured along the perpendicular N within the tooth 28, starting from the tooth tip 28 in the direction of the tooth valley 30.

[0132] The distance dimension corresponds to an overhang dimension of the tooth 28 beyond the penetration plane D, whereby such a free overhang beyond the penetration plane D may only be possible in the Figure 9 shown smallest jaw opening width can be achieved in the pliers closed position.

[0133] Such an overhang (distance b) is preferably in the low 1 / 10 mm range, for example in a range up to 0.5 mm.

[0134] In particular, starting from the transition of the first group G1 into the second group G2, there is a gradual increase in the distance b of the teeth 28 of the groups G2 and G3 and, if applicable, of the tooth 28 of the fourth group G4 immediately following the third group G3 in the direction of the rotation axis x, viewed up to the transition of the group G3 into the group G4. The increase from tooth to tooth within the second group G2 can be greater in value than the increase from tooth to tooth within the third group G3.

[0135] Thus, in the region of the second group G2, the respective distance b can increase from tooth to tooth by approximately 1.5 to approximately 2 times the distance b of the tooth 28 of the same group G2 that is immediately adjacent in the direction of the free end 48. The distance b from tooth to tooth in the third group G3 can be increased by approximately 1.2 to approximately 1.5 times the distance b of the tooth 28 of the same group G3 that is immediately adjacent in the direction of the free end 48.

[0136] A gradual reduction in the distance b preferably occurs essentially only in the region of the fourth group G4. From tooth to tooth—viewed starting from the transition of the third group G3 into the fourth group G4 in the direction of the rotation axis x—there can be a reduction in the respective distance b by approximately 1.5 to approximately 2.5 times the distance b of the immediately adjacent tooth 28 of the same group G4 in the direction of the free end 48.

[0137] The tooth tips 29 of the first and third groups G1 and G3 of the jaw 6 are directed toward the hinge pin axis x with respect to the side view, resulting in a corresponding sweep of the teeth 28 toward the handle sections 3 and 4. The tooth tips 29 of the second and fourth groups G2 and G4, however, are directed toward the free end 48 with respect to the side view. This results in a corresponding sweep of the teeth 28 toward the pliers tip 34.

[0138] Groups of teeth 28 of both working surfaces 23 and 24 or both jaws 5 and 6 with a specific angular orientation (angle δ or ε) are arranged at least partially opposite one another with respect to the longitudinal center plane E or penetration plane D. With respect to a vertical projection of the groups along a perpendicular N to the longitudinal center plane E or penetration plane D, a partial overlap preferably results with respect to the group G1 of the first working surface 24 and the group G5 of the second working surface 23, while the group G6 of the second working surface 23 lies in overlap with the similarly aligned teeth 28 of the groups G2 and G4 of the first working surface 24 as well as with the third group G3 having oppositely aligned tooth tips 29. Further preferred is an offset arrangement of the tooth tips 29 of both working surfaces 23 and 24 along the penetration plane D, in particular in the example shown in Figure 9shown in the closed position of the pliers jaws. Thus, in a preferred vertical projection to the longitudinal center plane E, a tooth tip 29 of one working surface is essentially opposite a tooth valley 30 of the other working surface.

[0139] With reference to a side view against the pliers 1 according to Figure 8 or a cross-section, for example according to Figure 16 , in which side view or in which cross section the pivot pin axis x is represented as a point, a line Z and Z' connecting the tooth tips 29 of each toothing 25 and 26 can result in rectilinear partial sections T between two tooth tips 29 which essentially follow one another in the longitudinal extent L.

[0140] In this case, a wave-like line sequence Z or Z' can result in each case, with - viewed from the mouth opening 27 outwards - a wave crest 31 and a wave trough 32, wherein, approximately mirrored to the longitudinal center plane E or penetration plane D, a wave crest 31 of one line sequence Z, Z' is preferably substantially opposite a wave trough 32 of the other line sequence Z', Z.

[0141] In the transition from a wave crest 31 to a wave trough 32 of a line Z or Z', a transition 33 results.

[0142] Thus, in the area of a wave crest 31, there are at least two adjoining partial sections T of the line Z or Z', which enclose an angle α of 170 degrees or less with respect to each other and with respect to the jaws 7 of the forceps, for example an angle α of approximately 150 degrees or even 165 degrees with respect to the line Z, and further, for example, an angle α of approximately 130 degrees or 170 degrees with respect to the line Z'.

[0143] In the area of the wave troughs 32, there can be angles β of 170 degrees or more enclosed between two subsections T adjoining one another in the direction of the line Z or Z', for example, according to the illustrated embodiment, approximately 180 degrees with respect to the line Z and approximately 185 degrees with respect to the line Z'.

[0144] In the region of the transition 33, as is also preferred, two successive subsections T can result in each line Z or Z', which preferably enclose an angle γ of more than 190 degrees with respect to one another in the direction of the forceps jaw 7, more preferably, for example, with respect to the line Z, an angle γ of approximately 195 degrees, and more preferably, for example, with respect to the line Z', an angle γ of approximately 200 degrees.

[0145] Limited by the lines Z and Z', the total length can be, for example, in the smallest jaw opening width w, in the forceps jaw closed position, for example as shown in Figure 8 , resulting in a diamond-shaped mouth opening area M.

[0146] The tooth flanks 47 and 47' of the teeth 28 are further preferably aligned angularly to one another such that, with respect to the wave crests 31 of both working surfaces 23 and 24, there is a backward sweep in the direction of the pivot pin axis x and, in the wave troughs 32, there is a tendency for the wave crests 31 to sweep towards the pliers tip 34. In the area of the transitions 33, a substantially neutral alignment of the teeth 28 is provided.

[0147] The alignment of the tooth tips 29 can be further determined by differently formed lengths of the tooth flanks 47 and 47' of a tooth 28. For example, as can be seen from the Figures 10 to 13As can be seen, with a tendency towards the free end 48 of a tooth tip 29, the longer tooth flank 47 is formed on the side of the tooth 28 facing the rotation axis x and thus on the side facing away from the free end 48. With a tendency towards the rotation axis x of the tooth tip 29, however, it is the shorter tooth flank 47' that is formed on the side facing away from the free end 48.

[0148] This advantageously results in a possible subdivision of the pliers jaws 7, in particular when using the pliers 1 to grasp a body to be rotated by means of the pliers jaws 7. Thus, the front teeth 28 facing the pliers tip 34 in a front area 51 in the area of the wave crest 31 of the working surface 23 and the wave trough 32 of the working surface 24 serve to preferably exert a left-hand rotation on a body, for example to loosen a screw connection (cf. Figure 19), and the teeth 28 of the wave trough 32 of the working surface 23 and the wave crest 31 of the working surface 24 facing the rotation axis or the joint pin axis x in a rear area 52 for performing a clockwise rotation, for example for tightening a screw connection (cf. Figure 20 ).

[0149] A workpiece, for example in the form of a Figures 19 and 20The round bolt 49 shown can be gripped in a front region 51 or a rear region 52 of the pliers jaws 7 by the teeth 28 of the working surfaces 23 and 24, wherein at least a double grip of the round bolt 49 is provided in each case, by at least one tooth 28' and 28" of each working surface 23 and 24. This double grip is obtained at least with a diameter e shown of the round bolt 49, which diameter e requires an opening angle η of the pliers jaws of preferably approximately 10 degrees. The diameter e of the round bolt 48 can be selected to be smaller when gripped in the front region 51 than when gripped in the rear region 52, while maintaining the opening angle η of, for example, approximately 10 degrees.

[0150] Preferably, the round bolt 49 is gripped in the front region 51 by a tooth 28" of the first group G1 of the first working surface 24, which tooth is inclined in the direction of the free end 48, and optionally two teeth 28, but in any case one tooth 28' of the second group G6 of the second working surface 23, wherein in the case of a possible engagement with two teeth 28 of the second working surface 23, these different groups G5 and G6 belong to one another in the longitudinal extension of the pliers jaw 7. Accordingly, in this region, gripping preferably occurs in the region of a wave trough 32 of the line Z.

[0151] When the round bolt 49 is detected in the rear area 52 according to Figure 20In the region of the second working surface 23, detection occurs by a tooth 28" of the second group G6 directed towards the free end 48 and at least one tooth 28' of the second group G2 of the first working surface 24 directed towards the rotation axis x. If necessary, further detection can be provided by a tooth 28' in the region of the group G3 of the first working surface 24.

[0152] The arrangement and design of the teeth 28 along the lines Z and Z' respectively allows the use of the pliers 1 with the proposed pliers jaw 7 over a comparatively large diameter range of the workpiece to be gripped, for example over a range of approximately 1.5 to 4 mm and more, further for example up to 16 or 20 mm or more.

[0153] Such a design of the forceps jaw 7 can be realized according to the illustrations in the Figures 21 and 22This can also be the case with so-called combination pliers, for example, for forming the jaws 7 in the manner of a burner hole. Viewed in the longitudinal extension L of the pliers 1, cutting edges 35 can be provided further upstream of the jaws 7 in the direction of the rotation axis x, just as the working surfaces 23 and 24 can form gripping surfaces 36 further in the direction of the pliers tip 34 adjacent to the jaws 7.

[0154] As an alternative to the overall approximately diamond-shaped arrangement of the lines Z and Z' of both working surfaces 23 and 24, the working surfaces 23 and 24 can have two opposite rows with groups of teeth 28, whose lines Z and Z' or an enveloping surface connecting the tooth tips 29 extend in a straight line over the entire extent of the respective toothing 16 in the view described above (compare Figure 23), if necessary with parallel alignment to the penetration plane D. The straight lines Z, Z' of both working surfaces 23, 24 can also diverge from one another, for example enclosing an acute angle of, for example, 10 degrees or 20 degrees to one another.

[0155] Alternatively, a convex alignment of both lines Z and Z' or the enveloping surfaces can also be given - viewed from the penetration plane D outwards (compare Figure 24 ), further alternatively, again starting from the enforcement plane D outwards, a concave alignment of both lines Z and Z' or the enveloping surfaces (compare Figure 25 ). Also, a line Z or Z' or an enveloping surface can be concave outwards when viewed from the plane of penetration D and the other line Z' or Z or the other enveloping surface can be convexly curved (compare Figure 26 ).

[0156] A tooth 28 of the working surface 23 or 24, in particular its tooth tip 29, can be located, with respect to the penetration plane D, essentially opposite a tooth valley 30 resulting in the extension direction of the associated line Z or Z' between two teeth 28 of the other working surface 24 or 23. The tooth design, in particular the course of the tooth flanks 47 and 47', can be given differently with respect to the working surfaces 23 and 24, adapted according to the course of the line Z and Z', in particular in the case that both line Z and Z' are, for example, equally concave or equally convex (cf. Figures 24 and 25 ).

[0157] Regardless of the course of the lines Z and Z' or enveloping surfaces, each working surface 23 and 24 is provided with a toothing 16, wherein the pointed teeth 28 of a group of the second working surface 23 assigned to the front region 51 are oriented in the direction of the axis of rotation x and the teeth 28 of a further group of the same working surface 23 in the rear region 52 are oriented in the direction of the free end 48. The group of the first working surface 24 in the front region 51 which is remote from the axis preferably has teeth 28 which run at an incline towards the free end 48. A further group of the same working surface 24 assigned to the rear region 52, on the other hand, is preferably provided with teeth 28 which are inclined in the direction of the axis of rotation x.

[0158] In addition, the working surfaces 23 and 24 can have depressions running in the direction of the pliers tip 34, particularly in the case of pliers 1 according to the first exemplary embodiment, but also when the pliers 1 are designed in the manner of combination pliers according to the second exemplary embodiment, so that in a front view of the pliers mouth 7, in particular when the pliers 1 are closed, as shown in Figure 6 An opening 37 remains at the pliers tip. Through recesses that preferably extend linearly along the longitudinal extent L, an opening 37 with circumferential teeth 38 can be created. The pliers 1 designed in this way are accordingly also suitable for gripping a body at the tip, for example, to rotate it.

[0159] The Figures 23 to 26The groups of teeth with different orientations shown can also be supplemented in the respective work surface by one or more additional groups. The additional groups are then added in such a way that they are aligned in the opposite direction to the neighboring group. List of reference symbols

[0160] 1 Tongs 28' Tooth 2 hinge pin 28" Tooth 3 Forceps limbs 29 Tooth tip 4 Forceps limbs 30 Zahntal 5 cheek 31 Wave mountain 6 cheek 32 wave trough 7 pincer jaw 33 transition 8 Handle section 34 pliers tip 9 Handle section 35 Cutting edge 10 Slot opening 36 Gripping surface 11 Fork section 37 opening 12 Recording 38 Gearing 13 Longitudinal slot 39 pit 14 opening 40 Offset area 15 Fork section 41 Offset area 16 Gearing 42 pliers head 17 Counter-toothing 43 edge 18 leaf spring 44 edge 19 Hinge bolt base 45 edge 20 Actuating projection 46 edge 21 Forceps leg section 47 tooth flank 22 Forceps leg section 47' tooth flank 23 Work surface 48 free end 24 Work surface 49 Round bolts 25 Gearing 50 Longitudinal centerline 26 Gearing 51 front area 27 Mouth opening 52 rear area 28 Tooth a Displacement dimension L Longitudinal extension b Distance M Mouth opening area d length N vertical e diameter P Point f Adjustment dimension Q Angle bisector g Width S Extension h Width T Subsection k Width U Coverage area r Adjustment direction Z Line train w Mouth opening width Z' Line train x Pivot pin axis y Pit central axis α angle β angle A dimension γ angle C1 Area δ angle C2 Area ε angle D Enforcement level n angle E Longitudinal center plane G1 group G2 group G3 group G4 group G5 group G6 group G6-1 Subgroup G6-2 Subgroup

Claims

1. Pliers (1) with two pliers legs (3, 4) crossing in a hinge pin (2) with a hinge pin axis (x), of which one (4) is to be regarded as movable and the other (3) as stationary, wherein grip sections (8, 9) are formed on one side of the hinge pin (2) and jaws (5, 6) are formed on the other side of the hinge pin (2), wherein further the movable pliers limb (4) has a longitudinal slot (13) with a toothing (16) and the hinge pin (2) located in a receptacle (12) is movable out of a toothing engagement and the movable pliers limb (4) passes through the stationary pliers limb (3), wherein further the longitudinal slot (13) has an extension (S), which, in the case of closed pliers (1), extends transversely to a handle-side alignment of the pliers legs (3, 4), wherein the toothing (16) can be overrun by pressing down the hinge pin (2) in order to adjust a jaw opening width (w), characterised in that the pliers leg (4) passing through having an elongate overlap region (U), in which the passing through pliers limb (4) is covered on both sides by the passed through pliers limb (3), wherein furthermore the covering region (U) is elongate and extends substantially at right angles to an adjustment direction (r) of the hinge pin (2) in the longitudinal slot (16), with a width (g) which corresponds to 0.5 times or more the maximum adjustment dimension (f), and with a length (d) which corresponds to 2 times or more the maximum adjustment dimension (f).

2. Pliers according to claim 1, characterised in that in the course of the adjustment from a smaller to a larger jaw opening width (w) with respect to the handle-side pliers leg sections (21, 22), at least initially a larger superimposed position in terms of area results.

3. Pliers according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that a width (h) of the pliers (1) in the region of the superimposed position, starting from a closed pliers (1), is initially reduced upon adjustment to a larger jaw opening width (w).

4. Pliers according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the stationary pliers leg (3) has a pit (39) formed for pressure actuation of the hinge pin (2), wherein a hinge pin axis (x) is arranged eccentrically to a geometric pit centre axis (y), wherein, preferably, the hinge pin axis (x) is offset to the pit centre axis (y) in the adjustment direction (r) of the pliers jaw (7).

5. Pliers according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the jaws (5, 6) have working surfaces (23, 24) which are provided with toothing (25, 26).

6. Pliers according to claim 5, characterised in that the working surfaces (23, 24) deepen towards the tip (34) of the pliers with respect to a longitudinal extension (L) of the pliers mouth (7), so that an opening (37) remains in a front view of the pliers mouth (7) when the pliers (1) are closed.