The invention relates to harmless treatment and resource recovery method and harmless treatment and resource recovery equipment for waste circuit boards with components. The equipment comprises a first-level conveyor belt, a compound crusher, a two-level conveyor belt, a permanent magnet deironing separator, an eddy current separator, a three-level conveyor belt, a two-level hammer crusher, a four-level conveyor belt, a three-level hammer flake type crusher, a material conveying fan, a vibrating separator, a cyclone separator, a bag type dust collector, a draught fan and activated carbon adsorption tower. The method comprises the steps that: crushing the waste circuit boards with components into fragments in the compound crusher, separating out irons through the permanent magnet deironing separator, and separating out copper, aluminum and other nonferrous metals on a belt of the eddy-current separator; entering the two-level hammer crusher for further dissociation and crushing, and separating out irons; and driving the balance of materials to enter the three-level hammer flake type crusher, and fully crushing the materials into powder with 60-100 meshes to the vibrating separator. The method and equipment have the advantages that the investment is few, the energy consumption is low, the running cost is low, and the process and the operation are simple, and the production efficiency can be greatly improved and no secondary pollution is caused.