HIGHLY HEAT-INSULATING PROFILE SEAL

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a highly heat-insulating profile seal made of an elastomer composition, a process for its production and the use of the profile seal for thermal insulation.

[0002] Profile seals for the thermal insulation of windows and doors are already well known. To date, elastomer materials such as thermoplastic elastomers (TPE), silicone rubber, ethylene propylene diene rubber (EPDM), chloroprene rubber (CR), and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) have been used.

[0003] The thermal transmittance (Uw value) is crucial for the quality of thermal insulation. The thermal transmittance Uw is the amount of heat that passes through 1 m2 of a building component (e.g., a wall, concrete, or roof) per unit of time (usually 1 second) at a temperature difference of 1 Kelvin (K). The Uw value is therefore a unit of measurement for heat loss. The lower the Uw value, the lower the heat loss and the better the thermal insulation properties of a building component. For good thermal insulation and good insulating properties, the lowest possible Uw value is therefore desirable.

[0004] When calculating the Uw value for a window or door, it must be taken into account that the window or door consists of several components, in particular glazing and a frame.

[0005] The Uw value of the window or door is determined from the respective Uw values ​​of the individual components, taking into account the respective surface areas they occupy.

[0006] According to the EnEV 2009, the Uw value for standard glazing must not exceed 1.3 watts per square meter and Kelvin (W / (m 2 < ·K)). Windows with a Uw value of 0.9 W / (m 2 < ·K) are considered to have efficient thermal insulation. Windows with a Uw value of 0.8 W / (m 2 < ·K) or lower are considered suitable for passive houses.

[0007] In order to achieve good thermal insulation of a window or door using a highly thermally insulating profile seal, the profile seal should be made of a material with a low thermal conductivity λ. The thermal conductivity λ corresponds to the heat flow that passes through an object with a surface area of ​​1 m² and a thickness of 1 m at a temperature difference of 1 K per second. Currently, according to DIN EN 10077, a thermal conductivity of λ = 0.05 watts per meter and Kelvin (W / (m·K)) is assumed for Uw value calculations for profile seals. However, this thermal conductivity of 0.05 W / (m·K) has so far only been achieved by materials with a density of 0.06-0.08 g / cm³. However, these materials have a low compression hardness of usually less than 300 kPa at 50% compression (i.e. upsetting), which limits their use in the construction sector. Commercially available building materials for profile seals have a higher density and higher thermal conductivity.For example, the thermal conductivity of PVC is 0.14-0.17 W / (m·K) at a density of about 1.20-1.40 g / cm 3< and of silicones is about 0.2-0.3 W / (m·K) at a density of about 0.76-1.07 g / cm 3< or 0.05 W / (m·K) at a density of 0.2 g / cm 3< .

[0008] The use of hollow microspheres to reduce the density of sealing materials is known from the prior art. JP H08 12797 A, in particular, describes a profile seal made of an elastomer composition comprising: 100 phr of elastomer (A) and 0.1-20 phr of expanded microspheres (B), wherein the average diameter of the expanded microspheres is 10-200 µm and the elastomer composition (I) has a density of 0.10-0.30 g / cm3.

[0009] From US 2013 / 0072584 A1, sealing strips for motor vehicles are known, comprising a main body element made of a high-density material and a sponge body made of a compressible material, wherein the sponge body contains rubber and expandable microspheres as a physical blowing agent.

[0010] However, to date, no profile seal made of a material is known that achieves the thermal conductivity λ = 0.05 W / (m·K) assumed in DIN EN 10077 and at the same time has elastic behavior and high rigidity with low density.

[0011] Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a profile seal with improved thermal insulation properties, in particular with a thermal conductivity λ < 0.060 W / (m·K), which is suitable for permanent function and has high elasticity, good resilience and high rigidity at low density.

[0012] This object is achieved by a profile seal according to claim 1.

[0013] A profile seal according to the invention, in particular for windows and doors, comprises an elastomer composition containing 100 phr elastomer and 25-40 phr expanded microspheres, wherein the mean diameter of the expanded microspheres is 10-200 µm and the elastomer composition has a density of 0.10-0.30 g / cm 3<.

[0014] The high proportion of 25-40 phr expanded microspheres with an average diameter of 10-200 µm ensures a low density and low thermal conductivity of the elastomer composition and, surprisingly, simultaneously high stiffness of the material as well as high elasticity and good resilience. This was previously unattainable, especially not with chemical blowing agents.

[0015] The object is further achieved by a method for producing a profile seal according to claim 14.

[0016] A method for producing a profile seal comprises the steps of heating a material mixture comprising 100 phr of elastomer and 25-40 phr of expandable microspheres to a temperature of 75-300°C and forming a profile seal. Upon heating, the expandable microspheres expand to form expanded microspheres. The "material mixture" refers to the starting material that is heated and contains expandable microspheres, and the "elastomer composition" refers to the material obtained after heating, which contains expanded microspheres.

[0017] The profile seal for windows and doors can in particular be a profile seal for building windows, building doors and building gates, i.e. be designed as a building (window / door / gate) profile seal.

[0018] Further advantages and features arise from the respective subclaims, as well as from the description and the figures.

[0019] According to the invention, the profile seal comprises an elastomer to achieve high elasticity, as well as expanded microspheres, which enable high rigidity and low density, as well as low thermal conductivity.

[0020] A seal can be an element or structure designed to prevent or limit unwanted transfer of material or heat from one place to another.

[0021] The profile seal can be a seal in the form of a profile body that extends in a longitudinal or profile direction and whose cross-section has a certain geometric shape. Preferably, the geometric shape of the cross-section does not change across the longitudinal or profile direction, so that the cross-sectional areas of the profile body are congruent at every position in the longitudinal direction.

[0022] The profile seal can be designed as a central seal, side seal and / or as an insulating strip.

[0023] The profile seal can be produced by extrusion, calendering, or pressing. Extrusion is a process in which a plastically deformable, viscous material is continuously pressed out of a forming opening under pressure. The forming opening can be a die, a nozzle, or a mouthpiece. The formed mass can harden through cooling after exiting the forming opening. The advantage of extrusion is that it can be used to produce profile bodies with complex cross-sectional shapes and in almost any length. Calendering is a process in which a material is passed through a system of several rollers arranged one above the other. Pressing is a process in which a material is placed between two solid bodies, preferably plates, and the two solid bodies are moved towards each other, so that a force is exerted on the material between the two solid bodies.

[0024] According to a further aspect of the invention, the elastomer composition from which the profile seal is formed has a density of 0.10-0.30 g / cm 3 , preferably 0.12-0.28 g / cm 3 , and most preferably 0.17-0.26 g / cm 3 . These densities allow particularly low thermal conductivities of the material to be achieved.

[0025] The elastomer composition according to the invention comprises 25-40 phr, preferably 25-38 phr, of expanded microspheres. Surprisingly, these proportions of expanded microspheres allow for a particularly low thermal conductivity of the elastomer composition while simultaneously maintaining high rigidity, high elasticity, and good resilience.

[0026] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the elastomer composition additionally comprises 10-150 phr plasticizer 20-400 phr filler 0-100 phr chemical blowing agent 1-50 phr excipient and 0-30 phr drying agent and optionally 1-30 phr, preferably 3-12 phr, particularly preferably 5-10 phr crosslinker.

[0027] According to the invention, the material mixture for producing the profile seal according to the invention from an elastomer composition comprises: 100 phr elastomer 0-300 phr, preferably 10-150 phr, particularly preferably 20-100 phr, plasticizer 0-600 phr, preferably 20-400 phr, particularly preferably 50-180 phr, filler 0-30 phr, preferably 1-30 phr, further preferably 3-12 phr, particularly preferably 5-10 phr, crosslinker 25-40 phr, preferably 25-38 phr expandable microspheres 0-100 phr, preferably 1-15 phr, particularly preferably 5-10 phr, chemical blowing agent 0-100 phr, preferably 1-50 phr, particularly preferably 1-10 phr, excipient 0-30 phr, preferably 1-20 phr, particularly preferably 2-10 phr, drying agent.

[0028] The profile seal according to the invention is produced from an elastomer composition by heating the material mixture to a temperature of 75-300 °C, preferably 200-280 °C, more preferably 210-270 °C, and forming a profile seal, for example by extrusion, calendering, or pressing. During heating, the expandable microspheres expand into expanded microspheres. If a crosslinker is included in the material mixture, crosslinking of the elastomer can also occur.

[0029] The profile seal, in particular for windows and doors, is made according to the invention from an elastomer composition comprising: 100 phr elastomer 0-300 phr, preferably 10-150 phr, particularly preferably 20-100 phr, plasticizer 0-600 phr, preferably 20-400 phr, particularly preferably 50-180 phr, filler 25-40 phr, preferably 25-38 phr expanded microspheres 0-100 phr, preferably 1-15 phr, particularly preferably 5-10 phr, chemical blowing agent 0-100 phr, preferably 1-50 phr, particularly preferably 1-10 phr, excipient 0-30 phr, preferably 1-20 phr, particularly preferably 2-10 phr, drying agent.

[0030] The elastomer composition preferably contains 1-30 phr, more preferably 3-12 phr, most preferably 5-10 phr, of crosslinker.

[0031] As usual, phr (parts per hundred rubber) refers to the mass fraction of the individual components of an elastomer composition, with the figures being based on 100 parts by mass of the elastomer.

[0032] The phr value can also be converted into weight percent, as is known to those skilled in the art. To do this, the masses of the individual components are divided by the total mass of the composition. For example, a composition with 100 phr of elastomer, 10 phr of plasticizer, and 10 phr of expandable microspheres would correspond to a composition with 83.3 wt% elastomer, 8.3 wt% plasticizer, and 8.3 wt% expandable microspheres.

[0033] The elastomer can be an elastomer or an elastomer blend (elastomer mixture). The elastomer in this material mixture or elastomer composition is preferably EPM (ethylene-propylene copolymer), EPDM (ethylene-propylene-diene rubber), or blends (mixtures) of EPDM and BR (butadiene rubber, i.e., polybutadiene). The elastomer ensures the profile seal's high elasticity and high weather resistance.

[0034] In a preferred embodiment, the material mixture for producing the profile seal comprises, in addition to the elastomer, a crosslinker, for example, 1-30 phr of crosslinker. The crosslinker reacts with the elastomer upon heating / vulcanization, thus forming a more highly crosslinked elastomer. The crosslinker is incorporated into the elastomer and thus becomes part of the elastomer of the elastomer composition that forms the profile seal. Therefore, the crosslinker is not listed as a separate component in the elastomer composition according to the invention.

[0035] If the elastomer and the crosslinker are considered as separate components, even in reacted form, the profile seal according to the invention would be composed as follows: Profile seal, in particular for windows and doors, preferably made of an elastomer composition comprising: 100 phr of elastomer, 25-40 phr of expanded microspheres, and 1-30 phr, preferably 3-12 phr, particularly preferably 5-10 phr, of a crosslinker, wherein the average diameter of the expanded microspheres is 10-200 µm and the elastomer composition has a density of 0.10-0.30 g / cm 3<.

[0036] The plasticizer can comprise an oil, particularly a mineral oil, a vegetable oil, and / or a polymer. The polymer can comprise polyisobutylene. The plasticizer allows for optimization of the viscosity of the elastomer composition and adjustment of the hardness of the profile seal. Several different plasticizers can be used in one elastomer composition.

[0037] The filler can be a substance that can be added to the elastomer composition to optimize its properties. Examples of fillers that can be used include carbon black, kaolin, chalk, or silica. Polymeric fillers can also be used. Polymeric fillers can include polypropylene and / or polyethylene. Aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, and / or antimony trioxide can be used as flame-retardant fillers. Lightweight fillers comprising porous materials such as perlite can also be used. For example, Aeropor 180 (hollow spheres based on aluminum silicate), Sil-cel (expanded perlite), and / or Cenospheres (hollow spheres based on aluminum silicate) and / or lightweight spheres ("light bubbles," e.g., borosilicate glass spheres) can be used. Multiple fillers can be used in a material mixture or elastomer composition.Fillers have the advantage of increasing the extrudability of the material mixture or elastomer composition. Furthermore, fillers can improve the mechanical properties of the profile seal. In particular, fillers can increase the stiffness of the profile seal and maintain or reduce its thermal conductivity.

[0038] The crosslinker can be a substance or a mixture of substances that causes complete or partial crosslinking of the polymer chains of the elastomer or elastomer blend. The crosslinker can in particular be a crosslinker system comprising sulfur and / or peroxide, accelerators and / or activators, and / or a resin system. A peroxide can preferably be an organic peroxide compound or a mixture of organic peroxide compounds. Peroxides have the advantage of increasing the degree of crosslinking of the polymer chains and the rigidity of the profile seal. The activator can be a substance that activates the polymer chains to be crosslinked and / or the crosslinker. The activator can be stearic acid or zinc oxide. The activator has the advantage of enabling efficient crosslinking of polymer chains. The accelerator can be one or a mixture of several substances that increase the crosslinking rate (speed of crosslinking).The accelerator can be 2-mercaptobenzothiazole (MBT) and / or tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD). The accelerator has the advantage of increasing the degree of crosslinking of the polymer chains and increasing the stiffness of the profile seal. Several different crosslinkers, crosslinking systems, activators, and / or accelerators can be used in a material mixture. Crosslinkers, crosslinking systems, activators, and / or accelerators have the advantage of increasing the stiffness of the profile seal. By selecting an optimal ratio of crosslinker, crosslinking system, activators, and / or accelerators, an optimal degree of crosslinking of the polymer chains, high stiffness and high elasticity of the profile seal, and optimal blowing behavior of the chemical and physical blowing agents can be achieved.

[0039] For the purposes of the invention, expandable microspheres are understood to mean microscopic spheres, ie essentially spherical bodies with an average diameter in the micrometer range, in particular with an average diameter of 1-100 µm, preferably 5-50 µm, particularly preferably 6-40 µm, which have a shell made of thermoplastic material and have within the shell a volatile organic compound which can act as a blowing agent.

[0040] The volatile organic compound is preferably an organic compound, preferably a hydrocarbon, with a boiling point of <120°C, more preferably <100°C, even more preferably <60°C, and most preferably <40°C. The boiling point is preferably below the so-called blowing temperature. The blowing temperature is a temperature high enough to soften the thermoplastic shell and increase the vapor pressure of the blowing agent, causing the microspheres to expand. The expansion results in a volume increase of at least twofold, preferably twenty to eighty-fold.

[0041] After expansion, the expandable microspheres are referred to as expanded microspheres. The material mixture therefore contains expandable microspheres, and the elastomer composition produced therefrom contains expanded microspheres. Expanded microspheres, for the purposes of the invention, are therefore preferably understood to mean microspheres with a shell, preferably a closed shell, made of thermoplastic material, with an organic compound located inside the shell. The organic compound preferably has a boiling point of <120°C, more preferably <100°C, even more preferably <60°C, and most preferably <40°C. The organic compound is preferably a hydrocarbon, for example, isopentane.

[0042] The thermoplastic material, in particular a thermoplastic polymer, is preferably a polymer based on polyacrylonitrile, polystyrene, and / or PVC. The expandable microspheres preferably have a blowing temperature of 25°C to 300°C, preferably 100°C to 290°C, and most preferably 200°C to 280°C. Expandable microspheres with a blowing temperature of 25 to 300°C enable the microspheres to expand when the material mixture is heated. The volatile hydrocarbon compounds act as blowing agents and cause particularly effective expansion of the hollow microspheres.

[0043] The thermoplastic shell can soften under the influence of heat. When the boiling point of the hydrocarbon compound is reached, evaporation occurs, increasing the volume occupied by the hydrocarbon compound and causing the microspheres to expand. The average diameter of the expandable microspheres is 1-100 µm, preferably 5-50 µm, particularly preferably 6-40 µm. After exposure to heat and expansion of the expandable microsphere, an expanded microsphere or hollow microsphere is formed. The expanded microspheres or hollow microspheres have an average diameter of 10-200 µm, preferably 30-170 µm, more preferably 40-150 µm, most preferably 50-130 µm.

[0044] The mean diameter of the expanded microspheres is determined by measuring the diameter of at least 20 expanded microspheres in a section through the elastomer composition under a microscope (e.g. a light microscope) and then determining the arithmetic mean. In the case of microspheres that are not completely spherical, a diameter is selected at random. When measuring the diameters of the expanded microspheres in a section through the elastomer composition, the actual diameters are not determined, but rather the diameters in a (random) section, and these diameters are smaller than the actual diameters because a random section mostly does not go through the center of the spheres. However, the mean diameters determined in a section using the measuring method described above result in the specified ranges of the mean diameters of the expanded microspheres.

[0045] The mean diameter of the expandable microspheres, i.e., the microspheres before the expansion step, is usually specified for commercially available products. It can be determined by measuring the diameter of at least 20 expandable microspheres, for example, under a microscope, and determining the arithmetic mean.

[0046] The average thickness of the shell of the expandable microspheres is preferably 1-3 µm, more preferably 1.5-2.5 µm. The average thickness of the shell of the expanded microspheres is preferably 0.02-0.5 µm, more preferably 0.05-0.3 µm, most preferably 0.08-0.2 µm.

[0047] The expanded microspheres or hollow microspheres have the advantage that in the elastomer composition according to the invention which forms the profile seal, a low density of the elastomer composition or of the material of the profile seal can be achieved and at the same time a high rigidity of the material is still present.

[0048] Expancel ®< microspheres, such as Expancel 930 DU 120, can be used as expandable microspheres. The expandable microspheres can have a polymer shell comprising PAN (polyacrylonitrile). For example, the polymer shell can consist of polystyrene and PAN (as a copolymer). The expansion temperature depends on the softening temperature of the polymer shell. For Expancel ®< microspheres, isopentane (boiling point 28 °C) can be used as the organic solvent. In the expanded state, the Expancel ®< microspheres typically have a diameter of approximately 120 µm. The expandable microspheres serve as a physical blowing agent, which is used to create pores and reduce density.The size of the resulting pores corresponds approximately to the size of the expanded microspheres, which is why the pore diameter is ≤200 µm, preferably <150 µm and more preferably <130 µm, in particular the average diameter of the pores is 10-200 µm, preferably 30-170 µm, more preferably 40-150 µm, most preferably 50-130 µm.

[0049] The additional advantage of expanded microspheres or physical blowing agents is that smaller pore diameters and thus a finer pore structure can be achieved than with chemical blowing agents. Furthermore, the pore size can be easily and precisely adjusted through the use of expandable microspheres. The surprising advantage of expandable microspheres is that, at the same density, a higher stiffness of the profile seal could be achieved than with chemical blowing agents, and a thermal conductivity of the elastomer composition of the profile seal of λ < 0.060 W / (m K) could be achieved.

[0050] In addition to the microspheres, a chemical blowing agent can be used. A chemical blowing agent can be a substance that decomposes at a certain temperature, releasing a gas, for example carbon dioxide. Examples of chemical blowing agents that can be used are isocyanate, water, azodicarbonamide, hydrazine, in particular p-toluenesulfonylhydrazide (TSH), and / or 4,4'-oxydi(benzenesulfonohydrazide) (OBSH) and / or sodium bicarbonate. The material mixture according to the invention can contain no chemical blowing agent, a chemical blowing agent, or a mixture of different chemical blowing agents. The advantage of the chemical blowing agent(s) is the reduction in the density of the profile seal through pore formation.

[0051] The additive can be an anti-aging agent, a vulcanization retarder, a resin, and / or a processing aid. The additive can be added to the material mixture to optimize the processing properties and surface finish of the profile seal. The processing aid can be petroleum jelly, factice (=artificial rubber, oleaginous rubber), paraffin wax, zinc salt, a fatty acid, a fatty alcohol, a fatty acid ester, fatty acid amide, polyolefin wax, and / or stearic acid. Several different processing aids can be used in a material mixture. The advantage of the processing aid is the simple, cost-effective processing of the material mixture and the prevention of defects such as unwanted gas inclusions in the profile seal, which can reduce the rigidity and / or elasticity of the profile seal.

[0052] The desiccant can be a substance capable of absorbing moisture. Examples of desiccants include calcium chloride (CaCl2), anhydrous magnesium sulfate (MgSO4), anhydrous calcium sulfate (CaSO4), silica gel, zeolites, and preferably calcium oxide (CaO). Several different desiccants can be used in the material mixture. The desiccant has the advantage of reducing unwanted moisture in the material mixture and increasing the service life of the profile seal.

[0053] According to one embodiment, the material mixture is heated to a temperature of 75–300°C, preferably 200–280°C, more preferably 210–270°C. At a temperature of 75–300°C, vulcanization of the material mixture and expansion of the microspheres can occur. The advantage of the temperature range of 75–300°C is the simple implementation of the process without strict temperature control. The advantage of the temperature range of 200–280°C is the controlled expansion of the microspheres and the improved rigidity of the profile seal. The temperature range of 210–270°C enables uniform and controlled expansion of the microspheres and optimal rigidity of the profile seal and low thermal conductivity of the profile seal.

[0054] According to a further embodiment, the material mixture is extrudable, calenderable, and / or pressable. The material mixture can be formed by extrusion, calendering, or compression. Particularly preferably, the material mixture is formed by extrusion. The advantage of the extrudable, calenderable, and / or pressable material mixture is that processing, in particular shaping, of the material mixture is possible despite the high rigidity of the profile seal. Shaping of the material mixture is possible on a large scale using industrial methods.

[0055] According to one embodiment, the extrusion, calendering or pressing of the material mixture takes place during heating, preferably during vulcanization.

[0056] According to one aspect of the invention, the elastomer composition from which the profile seal is formed has a thermal conductivity λ < 0.060 W / (m·K), more preferably λ < 0.057 W / (m·K), even more preferably < 0.050 W / (m·K) and most preferably < 0.045 W / (m·K).

[0057] The profile seal comprises the elastomer composition according to the invention. The profile seal can be manufactured entirely or partially from the elastomer composition. The elastomer composition can be produced by processing the material mixture according to the invention. The elastomer composition according to the invention can be produced in particular by vulcanizing the material mixture. Furthermore, the elastomer composition according to the invention can be produced by extrusion and / or calendering of the material mixture.

[0058] The profile seal can consist entirely (100%) or partially (e.g. 10%, 50% or 80%) of the elastomer composition according to the invention.

[0059] According to a further embodiment, the elastomer composition according to the invention, from which the profile seal is at least partially made, has a high compressive strength. The compressive strength of the elastomer composition according to the invention can be measured when a test specimen is compressed (i.e., upsetting). The compressive strength can, for example, be measured at a compression of 25%. This means that the height of a test specimen during the application of force is 25% lower than before the application of force. The force or pressure can be specified in kilopascals (kPa). The test specimen can be a square test specimen. The test specimen can consist of or comprise the material mixture according to the invention. The compressive strength can be determined according to ISO 3386 by compressing the test specimen between two plates by a certain percentage and measuring the force required to do so.The elastomer composition according to the invention preferably has a compression hardness of at least 100 kPa, preferably at least 300 kPa, more preferably at least 500 kPa, at a compression of 25%, of at least 200 kPa, preferably at least 500 kPa, more preferably at least 800 kPa, at a compression of 40% and / or of at least 300 kPa, more preferably at least 800 kPa and most preferably at least 1000 kPa, at a compression of 50%.

[0060] According to a further embodiment, the elastomer composition according to the invention, from which the profile seal is made entirely or partially, has an optimal compression set. According to this embodiment, the elastomer composition according to the invention has a compression set of less than or equal to 70%, more preferably less than or equal to 60%, most preferably less than or equal to 55% at a compression of 25% for 24 hours at 70°C and / or a compression set of less than or equal to 50%, more preferably less than or equal to 40%, most preferably less than or equal to 30% at a compression of 25% for 24 hours at 23°C and / or a compression set of less than or equal to 80%, preferably less than or equal to 70%, most preferably less than or equal to 60% at a compression of 25% for 24 hours at -10°C.Compression set (DVR) is a measure of how an elastomer behaves under prolonged, constant compression deformation and subsequent relaxation. According to DIN 53 517 or . DIN According to ISO 815 or ASTM D395, the compression set is measured at constant deformation. To determine compression set, a test specimen is compressed by 25% and stored at a specific temperature for a specific period (e.g., 24 hours). A certain time after the load is removed, e.g., 30 minutes after the load is removed, the height of the test specimen is measured at room temperature, and the permanent deformation is determined from the difference between the height of the test specimen before and after the application of the force.

[0061] According to a further embodiment, the material mixture according to the invention and the elastomer composition according to the invention contain 20-100 phr of plasticizer. The advantage of the elastomer composition with 20-100 phr of plasticizer is the improved processability of the elastomer composition and the high elasticity of the profile seal.

[0062] According to another embodiment, the elastomer composition according to the invention contains 50-180 phr of filler. The advantage of the elastomer composition with 50-180 phr of filler is optimal stiffness of the profile seal and low thermal conductivity.

[0063] According to a further embodiment, the elastomer composition according to the invention contains 5-10 phr of crosslinker. The advantage of the elastomer composition with 5-10 phr of crosslinker is an optimal degree of crosslinking, which simultaneously enables high elasticity and high rigidity of the profile seal, as well as a long service life of the profile seal.

[0064] According to a further embodiment, the material mixture according to the invention contains 25-40 phr, preferably 25-38 phr, of expandable microspheres. The elastomer composition obtainable from the material therefore comprises 25-40 phr, preferably 25-38 phr, of expanded microspheres.

[0065] The advantage of the elastomer composition with the mentioned amounts of expanded microspheres is the reduced thermal conductivity of the profile seal compared to profile seals with a lower proportion of hollow microspheres and the increased rigidity of the profile seal.

[0066] According to a further embodiment, the material mixture according to the invention contains 1-15 phr, preferably 5-10 phr, of chemical blowing agent. The advantage of the material mixture containing 1-15 phr of the chemical blowing agent is the low density of the profile seal. The advantage of the material mixture containing 5-10 phr of the chemical blowing agent is the low density of the profile seal and the improved thermal insulation properties.

[0067] The chemical blowing agent and a physical blowing agent, in particular the expandable microspheres, can be used in the material mixture according to the invention. The combination of the chemical blowing agent and the expandable microspheres has the advantage that the processing behavior of the material mixture and the elastomer composition obtainable therefrom can be improved, particularly during extrusion. Furthermore, the use of the chemical blowing agent in combination with the expandable microspheres has the advantage that a smaller amount of expandable microspheres in the material mixture is sufficient to achieve a low density of the profile seal. Furthermore, the combination of the chemical blowing agent and the expandable hollow microspheres has the advantage that the elastomer composition obtainable therefrom has a high compression strength.

[0068] According to a further embodiment, the material mixture according to the invention and the elastomer composition obtainable therefrom contain 1-10 phr of auxiliary material or processing aid. The advantage of the material mixture and the elastomer composition obtainable therefrom containing 1-10 phr of auxiliary material or processing aid is the optimized processability of the material mixture and the elastomer composition obtainable therefrom, as well as the high rigidity combined with high elasticity of the profile seal.

[0069] According to a further embodiment, the material mixture according to the invention and the elastomer composition obtainable therefrom contain 1-20 phr, preferably 2-10 phr, of desiccant. The advantage of the material mixture and the elastomer composition obtainable therefrom containing 1-20 phr of desiccant is the increased service life of the profile seal. The advantage of the material mixture and the elastomer composition obtainable therefrom containing 2-10 phr of desiccant is the improved processability of the material mixture and the elastomer composition obtainable therefrom, the improved thermal insulation properties, the avoidance of uncontrolled porosity due to moisture in the material mixture, and the increased service life of the profile seal.

[0070] The advantages of the profile seal according to the invention are its high rigidity, low density, low thermal conductivity, good thermal insulation properties, and long service life. The elasticity and recovery behavior of the profile seal according to the invention are improved compared to conventional foam rubber or conventional foam rubber mixtures. The profile seal according to the invention can be used as a pure insulation material, as a center seal, as a side seal, and / or as an insulating strip, particularly for windows and doors.

[0071] For the purposes of this invention, foam rubber or conventional foam rubber refers to a predominantly closed-cell, elastic foam that does not contain expanded microspheres. Foam rubber in this sense is usually produced using chemical blowing agents.

[0072] The invention also relates to a method for producing a profile seal according to the invention, comprising the following steps: Step S1: Provide the following components: - 100 phr elastomer - 0-300 phr, preferably 10-150 phr, particularly preferably 20-100 phr, plasticizer - 0-600 phr, preferably 20-400 phr, particularly preferably 50-180 phr, filler - 0-30 phr, preferably 1-30 phr, more preferably 3-12 phr, particularly preferably 5-10 phr, crosslinker - 25-40 phr, preferably 25-38 phr expandable microspheres - 0-100 phr, preferably 1-15, particularly preferably 5-10 phr, chemical blowing agent - 0-100 phr, preferably 1-50 phr, particularly preferably 1-10 phr, excipient - 0-30 phr, preferably 1-20 phr, particularly preferably 2-10 phr, drying agent; Step S2: Mixing the components, in particular in a mixer or blender, to obtain a material mixture according to the invention; Step S3: Forming the material mixture according to the invention into a profile seal, in particular by extrusion, calendering or pressing. Step S4: Heating the material mixture according to the invention to a temperature, preferably a vulcanization temperature, of 75-300 °C, preferably 200-280 °C, particularly preferably 210-270 °C, in order to form a profile seal according to the invention from an elastomer composition.

[0073] According to one embodiment, the extrusion, calendering, or compression molding takes place during heating, preferably during vulcanization, of the material mixture according to the invention. Steps S3 and S4 can thus be performed simultaneously or sequentially. Shaping the material mixture by extrusion, calendering, or compression molding during heating, preferably during vulcanization, has the advantage of a cost-effective and energy-efficient process.

[0074] According to one embodiment, the heating, preferably the vulcanization, takes place continuously directly after shaping by extrusion. The heating, preferably the vulcanization, can be carried out by UHF (ultra-high frequency) and / or hot air, by heat transfer using steam, or a liquid vulcanization medium, such as potassium nitrite and / or potassium nitrate salt.

[0075] All advantages and features of the profile seal according to the invention can be applied analogously to the process, and vice versa. Individual features and embodiments mentioned above can be combined with one another, and the advantages associated with the individual features also apply to a combination of these features. Mixing the components, heating the material mixture, and shaping the material mixture can be carried out using state-of-the-art equipment and methods.

[0076] The invention also relates to a profile seal obtainable by the process according to the invention, comprising the steps of heating a material mixture comprising 100 phr elastomer and 25-40 phr expandable microspheres to a temperature of 75-300 °C and forming a profile seal.

[0077] The material mixture for producing the profile seal according to the invention, obtainable by the process according to the invention, preferably comprises: 100 phr elastomer 0-300 phr, preferably 10-150 phr, particularly preferably 20-100 phr, plasticizer 0-600 phr, preferably 20-400 phr, particularly preferably 50-180 phr, filler 0-30 phr, preferably 1-30 phr, further preferably 3-12 phr, particularly preferably 5-10 phr, crosslinker 25-40 phr, preferably 25-38 phr expandable microspheres 0-100 phr, preferably 1-15 phr, particularly preferably 5-10 phr, chemical blowing agent 0-100 phr, preferably 1-50 phr, particularly preferably 1-10 phr, excipient 0-30 phr, preferably 1-20 phr, particularly preferably 2-10 phr, drying agent.

[0078] The profile seal obtainable by the process according to the invention is produced by heating the material mixture to a temperature of 75-300 °C, preferably 200-280 °C, more preferably 210-270 °C, and then forming the profile seal, for example by extrusion, calendering, or pressing. During heating, the expandable microspheres expand into expanded microspheres. If a crosslinker is included in the material mixture, crosslinking of the elastomer can also occur.

[0079] The invention also relates to a geometry for a profile seal made from the elastomer composition according to the invention. The geometry can be the three-dimensional shape of the profile seal or a two-dimensional cross-section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. The geometry according to the invention is described below using the two-dimensional cross-section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the profile seal.

[0080] The profile seal according to the invention comprises a head region and a foot region. The head region can be the upper half of the profile seal. The foot region can be the lower half of the profile seal. The upper or lower half can be the upper or lower 50 ± 10% of the height of the profile seal.

[0081] The upper half of the profile seal can be the half designed to face the pane. The lower half of the profile seal can be the half designed to face the frame of a door or window. The frame can be the part of a window or door designed to secure a pane and be inserted into a masonry structure. The frame can be made of plastic or wood.

[0082] The profile seal has a height and a width. The height can be the distance between the highest and lowest position of the profile seal. The highest position can be in the head area, preferably in a contact shoulder. The lowest position can be in the foot area, preferably in a holding area. The holding area can be an area of ​​the profile seal which is designed to fix the profile seal in a frame. A holding area can be designed as a holding bead or as a bracket. The advantage of the holding area is the simple, stable fixing of the profile seal in the frame and the improved insulating properties of the window or door. The width of a profile seal can be the distance from one outer edge to the other outer edge of the profile seal. When determining the distance, the profile seal is preferably oriented so that the head area is at the top and the foot area is at the bottom.

[0083] The head region can have a central web. The central web is preferably designed to face a pane of glass, in particular the lower edge of a pane. The central web can be flat. The advantage of the flat central web is simple production of the profile seal. However, the central web can also have one or more openings and / or elevations. Openings can in particular be holes or slots which extend along the longitudinal direction of the profile seal. The elevations can be designed such that a part of the central web does not lie flat in a plane with the rest of the central web, but protrudes from it. The elevations can be made from the elastomer composition according to the invention, from a foam rubber mixture, an elastomer, a silicone or a soft rubber mixture.The advantage of the elevations made from the elastomer composition according to the invention is their ease of production by extrusion, calendering, or compression, and their low thermal conductivity. The advantage of elevations made from a foam rubber mixture, an elastomer, a silicone, or a soft rubber mixture is the individual adaptation of the elevations and individual optimization of the insulating properties at the contact point between the pane and the central web. The openings and / or elevations can have any shape that can extend in a longitudinal direction. The openings and / or elevations can, in particular, have a round, elliptical, or polygonal shape. The openings and / or elevations can also have the form of a series of different geometric shapes, in particular a wave shape.The advantage of the junctions and / or elevations is that the profile seal can be compressed more easily in the area of ​​the central rib, thus facilitating the insertion of the pane. Furthermore, the junctions and / or elevations have the advantage that the contact area between the pane and the central rib has increased insulating properties, improving the thermal insulation of the window or door. The central rib can be made from the elastomer composition according to the invention. The advantage of the central rib made from the elastomer composition according to the invention is its low thermal conductivity and good insulating properties. The central rib can also be made from conventional foam rubber or a foam rubber mixture, an elastomer, a silicone, or a soft rubber mixture.The advantage of this central bar is that the elasticity in the area of ​​the central bar can be individually adjusted to the weight of the pane, so that optimal thermal insulation can be achieved.

[0084] The head region can have a contact shoulder. The contact shoulder can be a raised area located laterally next to the central web. A first side of the contact shoulder can be designed to face a pane, in particular a side edge of a pane. A second side of the contact shoulder can be designed to face away from a pane and towards a frame of a window or door. A contact shoulder can have various geometric shapes such as a circular, semicircular, elliptical or polygonal shape, in particular a polygonal shape with rounded corners, but can also be flat so that the contact shoulder lies in the same plane as the central web. The advantage of the flat contact shoulder is the simple, cost-effective production of the profile seal.The advantage of the contact shoulder, which is designed as a raised area, is that the pane can be optimally fixed and the thermal insulation is increased.

[0085] Preferably, the contact shoulder can have a shape that essentially corresponds to the shape of a trapezoid. The shape, which essentially corresponds to the shape of a trapezoid, can be any shape that is similar to a trapezoid, in particular the shape can be a trapezoid with rounded edges. Furthermore, the shape can be designed such that the upper side of the trapezoid-like shape runs diagonally, i.e. has an angle between 1° and 45°, preferably between 2° and 30° to the horizontal. The advantage of the angle between 1° and 45° is the simplified fixing of the profile seal in the frame. The advantage of the angle between 2° and 30° to the horizontal is a simplified and improved fixing of the profile seal in the frame. The contact shoulder can comprise elevations and / or mouths or recesses. Mouths or recesses can have any geometric shape, in particular a circular, semicircular or polygonal shape.Advantage of the junctions or

[0086] Recesses provide a more stable fixation of the profile seal in the frame. The contact shoulder can be made from the elastomer composition according to the invention, a foam rubber mixture, an elastomer, a silicone, or a soft rubber mixture. The advantage of the contact shoulder made from the elastomer composition according to the invention is its low thermal conductivity. The contact shoulder can consist of one material or a material mixture, or of several different materials, in particular two different materials. The advantage of the contact shoulder made from a foam rubber mixture, an elastomer, a silicone, a soft rubber mixture, or from one or more material mixtures is the ability to individually adapt the contact shoulder to the shape of different frames, thus enabling good thermal insulation for different frame shapes.

[0087] The base region of the profile seal can comprise a holding region which is designed to mechanically fix the profile seal in a frame of a window or door. In addition to one or more holding regions in the base region, one or more holding regions can be provided in the head region. The holding region can preferably have a shape which enables mechanical fastening of the profile seal in a frame of a window or door. The holding region can in particular have holding beads, thickened portions, elevations, hooks and openings. The advantage of the holding region is the stable fixation of the profile seal in the frame and the increase in thermal insulation of the window or door. The base region of the profile seal can have one or more holding regions. A holding region can extend over a partial region or over the entire width of the base region.Multiple holding areas can have different shapes or the same shape and can be made of the same or different materials. A holding area can be made of the elastomer composition according to the invention, a foam rubber mixture, an elastomer, a silicone, or a soft rubber mixture.

[0088] The profile seal can have one or more air channels. An air channel can be a hollow shape located within the profile seal and extending longitudinally. The profile seal can have no, one, or more air channels. The profile seal can have 1-10, preferably 1-7, and most preferably 2-7 air channels. The air channels can have any geometric shape that can extend longitudinally. The air channels can be circular, semicircular, elliptical, or polygonal, in particular polygons with rounded corners. The advantage of air channels in the profile seal is the saving of material, the low weight of the profile seal, the improved thermal insulation properties, and the increased elasticity.

[0089] The profile seal according to the invention can consist of 100% of the elastomer composition according to the invention. Partial regions of the profile seal according to the invention can consist of one or more other materials. Other materials can be prior art materials. Other materials can preferably be foam rubber, foam rubber mixtures, soft rubber, or soft rubber mixtures. The partial region can, in particular, be a partial region of a cross-section of the profile seal. The partial region can be the head region, a partial region of the head region, the contact shoulder, a partial region of the contact shoulder, the central web, a partial region of the central web, the retaining region, or a partial region of the retaining region. The partial region can be any part or percentage of the profile seal that is smaller than the entire profile seal, whereby the entire profile seal corresponds to 100%.< 100% of the profile seal, preferably < 90% of the profile seal, more preferably < 75% of the profile seal, particularly preferably < 50% of the profile seal can consist of one or more other materials. The advantage of a profile seal which consists of < 100% of a state-of-the-art material is the thermal conductivity, which is reduced compared to profile seals which consist entirely of state-of-the-art materials. The advantage of a profile seal which consists of less than < 90% of a state-of-the-art material is the low thermal conductivity. The advantage of a profile seal which consists of less than < 75% of a state-of-the-art material is the low thermal conductivity and the increased rigidity of the profile seal. The advantage of a profile seal which consists of less than < 50% of a state-of-the-art material is the optimal rigidity of the profile seal and the low thermal conductivity.

[0090] The advantages and further features of the invention will become apparent from the following description of preferred embodiments of the subject matter of the invention with reference to the accompanying figures. The following description serves only to clarify the invention and should not be construed as limiting the appended claims to any one of the embodiments. Fig. 1 - Fig. 6 a side view of a cross section of a center seal according to an embodiment of the invention, consisting of an elastomer composition according to the invention Fig. 7 - Fig. 11 a side view of a cross section of a center seal according to an embodiment of the invention, consisting of an elastomer composition according to the invention and a foam rubber mixture of the prior art Fig. 12 - Fig. 15a side view of a cross section of a center seal according to an embodiment of the invention, consisting of an elastomer composition according to the invention and a soft rubber mixture of the prior art Fig. 16 - Fig. 22 a side view of a cross section of a side seal according to an embodiment of the invention, consisting of an elastomer composition according to the invention and a foam rubber mixture of the prior art. Fig. 23 - Fig. 31 a side view of a cross section of an insulating strip according to an embodiment of the invention, consisting of an elastomer composition according to the invention.

[0091] Figure 1shows a side view of a cross-section of a center seal according to one embodiment of the invention. The area hatched with oblique lines corresponds to the part of the center seal which consists of the elastomer composition 1 according to the invention. According to the embodiment shown, the profile seal consists entirely of the elastomer composition 1 according to the invention. The profile seal has a flat center web 7. The profile seal also has a contact shoulder 6, which is located next to the center web 7 and has a trapezoidal shape with a sloping top. On the side designed to face a disc, the contact shoulder has a narrow opening near the center web 7, the shape of which is similar to a rectangle with rounded corners. The outer edges of the profile seal are arranged at an angle, so that the profile seal becomes wider towards the base region 5.The foot region 5 has a holding region 8 in the area below the contact shoulder 6, consisting of an opening with a holding knob 8. The holding knob 8 has the shape of a rectangle with a trapezoid on the underside. The foot region 5 further has another holding region 8 on the opposite side, which comprises a rectangular and a trapezoid-like elevation.

[0092] Figure 2shows a side view of a cross-section of a center seal according to a further embodiment of the invention. The profile seal consists entirely of the elastomer composition 1 according to the invention, as shown by the hatched area. The profile seal has a flat center web 7 and a flat contact shoulder 6. The outer edges of the profile seal are arranged at an angle, with one side of the profile seal becoming narrower towards the base region 5 and the other side becoming wider. Approximately in the middle of the base region 5 there is a retaining knob 8. On the side of the profile seal that becomes wider towards the base region 5 there is a further retaining region 8 which has approximately the shape of an upside-down trapezoid, with the upper, outer corner of the trapezoid having an opening.

[0093] Figure 3shows a side view of a cross-section of a center seal according to another embodiment of the invention. This embodiment is similar to that shown in Figure 1 In contrast to the embodiment shown in Figure 1In contrast to the embodiment shown, this embodiment has four air ducts 9. A first air duct 9 is triangular in shape with rounded corners and is located within the contact shoulder 6 and extends into the foot area 5 below the contact shoulder 6. Next to this air duct 9 and below the central web 7 there are three further air ducts 9, which also extend from the head area 4 of the profile seal into the foot area 5. The second air duct 9, which is located next to the first air duct 9, is approximately rectangle-shaped with rounded corners, with the lower half of the left side edge being offset inwards, creating a geometric shape with six corners that does not, however, correspond to a regular hexagon. Next to the second air duct 9 there is a third air duct 9, which is rectangle-shaped with rounded corners.Next to the third air duct 9 there is a fourth air duct 9, which has the shape of a trapezoid with rounded corners.

[0094] Figure 4 shows a side view of a cross-section of a center seal according to another embodiment of the invention. This embodiment is similar to that shown in Figure 3 In contrast to the embodiment shown in Figure 3 In the embodiment shown, this embodiment has four air channels 9 in the area below the profile seal, the two middle air channels 9 having the shape of rectangles with rounded corners.

[0095] Figure 5 shows a side view of a cross-section of a center seal according to another embodiment of the invention. This embodiment is similar to that shown in Figure 4 In contrast to the embodiment shown in Figure 4In contrast to the embodiment shown, this embodiment has an air duct 9 within the contact shoulder 6, which is located exclusively in the head region 4 of the profile seal, as well as two further air ducts 9 in the region below the contact shoulder 6, which extend from the lower end of the head region 4 to the foot region 5 of the profile seal. The air duct 9 in the contact shoulder 6 has the shape of a trapezoid with rounded corners and a sloping top. The first air duct 9, which is located below the contact shoulder 6 and closest to the outer edge of the profile seal, has the shape of a trapezoid with rounded corners. The second air duct 9, which is located next to the first air duct 9 and below the contact shoulder 6, has the shape of a rectangle with rounded corners.

[0096] Figure 6shows a side view of a cross-section of a central seal according to a further embodiment of the invention. The profile seal has a contact shoulder 6 without an air duct 9. Below the contact shoulder 6 there are two air ducts 9, which are arranged one below the other. The upper air duct 9 has the shape of a trapezoid with rounded corners. The air duct 9 below has a shape which resembles a rectangle with rounded corners, in which the lower, left corner has been cut off, resulting in a pentagonal shape which is not a regular pentagon. Below the central web 7 there are four air ducts 9, with two air ducts 9 arranged one above the other. The two air ducts 9, which are located below a central web 7 and arranged centrally in the profile seal, have the shape of rectangles with rounded corners.The two additional air ducts 9 are located below the central web 7 on the side of the profile seal opposite the contact shoulder 6. The upper air duct 9 has the shape of a trapezoid with rounded corners. The lower air duct 9 has a shape that resembles a rectangle with rounded corners, in which the lower, right corner has been cut off, resulting in a pentagonal shape that is not a regular pentagon. In the foot area 5 there is a retaining knob 8, the shape of which resembles a trapezoid with rounded corners and which extends almost across the entire width of the foot area 5 or the profile seal. The retaining knob 8 partially encloses the three lower air ducts 9 in its interior, with the three lower air ducts 9 also extending into the area above the retaining knob 8.

[0097] Figure 7shows a side view of a cross section of a center seal according to another embodiment of the invention, which is similar to the one shown in Figure 1 In contrast to the embodiment shown in Figure 1 In the embodiment shown, the contact shoulder 6 of this embodiment is made of a foam rubber 2 or a foam rubber mixture 2. The area hatched with a honeycomb pattern corresponds to the part of the central seal that consists of the foam rubber 2 or a foam rubber mixture 2. Furthermore, the contact shoulder 6 has an air channel 9. The air channel 9 is located within the contact shoulder 6 in the head region 4 of the profile seal and has the shape of a trapezoid with rounded corners and a sloping top. The rest of the profile seal is made of the elastomer composition 1 according to the invention.

[0098] Figure 8shows a side view of a cross section of a center seal according to another embodiment of the invention. The embodiment shown is similar to that shown in Figure 7 In contrast to the embodiment shown in Figure 7 In the embodiment shown, this embodiment has two air ducts 9 in the area below the contact shoulder 6 and four air ducts 9 in the area below the central web 7. The shape and position of the air ducts 9 in this embodiment corresponds to the shape and position of the air ducts 9 in Figure 5 In contrast to the embodiment shown in Figure 5 In the embodiment shown, the contact shoulder 6 of this embodiment is made of a foam rubber 2 or a foam rubber mixture 2. The area hatched with a honeycomb pattern corresponds to the part of the center seal which is made of a foam rubber 2 or a foam rubber mixture 2.

[0099] Figure 9shows a side view of a cross section of a center seal according to another embodiment of the invention. The profile seal is similar to the seals shown in Figure 1 or Figure 7 In contrast to the embodiment shown in Figure 1 In the embodiment shown, the contact shoulder 6 of this embodiment is made of a foam rubber 2 or a foam rubber mixture 2. In contrast to the embodiment shown in Figure 7 In the embodiment shown, the contact shoulder 6 of this embodiment does not have an air channel 9. The profile seal does not have any air channels 9.

[0100] Figure 10 shows a side view of a cross-section of a center seal according to another embodiment of the invention. This embodiment is similar to that shown in Figure 9 In contrast to the embodiment shown in Figure 9In this embodiment, however, not only is the contact shoulder 6 made of foam rubber 2 or a foam rubber mixture 2, but also the area of ​​the profile seal which is located below the contact shoulder 6 and extends into the foot area 5. The profile seal has exactly one air duct 9. One air duct 9 has an elliptical shape, with the ellipse arranged such that it extends in the vertical direction. One air duct 9 is located in the foot area 5 in a retaining nub 8, which is arranged in the area of ​​the foot area 5 which is located below the contact shoulder 6.

[0101] Figure 11 shows a side view of a cross-section of a center seal according to another embodiment of the invention. This embodiment is similar to that shown in Figure 10 In contrast to the embodiment shown in Figure 10In the embodiment shown, this embodiment has, in addition to the one air channel 9 in the retaining knob 8, further additional air channels 9 in the contact shoulder 6, in the area below the contact shoulder 6 and in the area below the central web 7, wherein the shape and position of the additional air channels 9 correspond to the shape and position of the air channels 9 in Figure 5 and Figure 8 correspond to the embodiments shown.

[0102] Figure 12shows a side view of a cross-section of a center seal according to a further embodiment of the invention. The profile seal has a contact shoulder 6 which does not have an air duct 9. The profile seal has a center web 7 which has an almost semicircular elevation. In the area below the center web 7 there are two air ducts 9 which are arranged next to one another. The air duct 9 which is closer to the contact shoulder 6 has the shape of a rectangle with rounded corners, whereas the other air duct 9 has the shape of a trapezoid with rounded corners. In the foot area 5, in the area below the contact shoulder 6, there is a retaining nub 8 which is made of a soft rubber 3 or a soft rubber mixture 3. The black-filled area of ​​the figure corresponds to the part of the center seal which consists of the foam rubber 2 or a foam rubber mixture 2.The retaining stud 8 has an air channel 9 whose shape corresponds to a rectangle with rounded corners, whereby the upper corners are more rounded than the lower ones. In the base region 5 of the profile seal there is a further retaining stud 8 without an air channel 9, which retaining stud 8 consists of the elastomer composition 1 according to the invention and has the shape of a rectangle with rounded corners. In the base region 5, on the side opposite the retaining stud 8 made of soft rubber 3 or soft rubber mixture 3, there is a further retaining area 8 without an air channel 9. This retaining area 8 has a rectangular and a trapezoid-like elevation.

[0103] Figure 13shows a side view of a cross-section of a central seal according to a further embodiment of the invention. The profile seal has a contact shoulder 6 and a central web 7. In the area below the contact shoulder 6, on the side which is designed to face away from the pane and towards a frame, the profile seal has an opening in the shape of a triangle. The contact shoulder 6 has an opening on the side which is designed to face a pane. This opening extends into the area below the central web 7. The opening extends from the head region 4 to approximately the middle of the foot region 5 and is located centrally in the profile seal. At the lower end, the opening has a semicircular shape. The central web 7 also has two elongated elevations with a semicircular top.Below the two raised portions of the central web 7 is an air duct 9, which has the shape of a trapezoid with rounded corners. In the base area 5 is a retaining area 8, which is made of a soft rubber 3 or a soft rubber compound 3 and has three approximately equally sized air ducts 9, which have the shape of rectangles with rounded corners. The retaining area 8 extends almost across the entire width of the base area 5 or the profile seal.

[0104] Figure 14shows a side view of a cross-section of a central seal according to a further embodiment of the invention. The profile seal has a contact shoulder 6 in the shape of a rectangle with rounded corners and a central web 7. The central web 7 has two elevations which have the shape of trapezoids with rounded corners. One elevation is arranged centrally on the central web 7. The other elevation is located at the edge of the central web 7, on the side opposite the contact shoulder 6. In the foot area 5 there is a holding area 8 with a flat underside. The holding area 8 is made of soft rubber 3 or a soft rubber mixture 3 and extends over the entire width of the foot area 5 or the profile seal. Below the central web 7 there are two air channels 9 which have the shape of trapezoids with rounded corners and a sloping top.The two air ducts 9 extend into the foot area 5 and into the holding area 8.

[0105] Figure 15shows a side view of a cross-section of a central seal according to a further embodiment of the invention. The profile seal has a central web 7. The central web 7 has two semicircular elevations. A first semicircular elevation is located centrally on the central web 7. The second semicircular elevation is located between the first elevation and the outer edge of the profile seal, which is opposite the contact shoulder 6. The profile seal has a contact shoulder 6, which has a curve and merges flatly, at an angle of 180°, into the central web 7. The contact shoulder 6 projects laterally beyond the rest of the profile seal. In the area below the central web 7, there are two air channels 9.The first air duct 9, which is located closer to the side of the contact shoulder 6, has the shape of a rectangle with rounded corners, wherein the side edge facing the outer edge of the profile seal has a concave curvature. A second air duct 9 is located next to the first air duct 9. The second air duct 9 has the shape of a trapezoid with rounded corners. The contact shoulder 6 is made of soft rubber 3 or a soft rubber mixture 3. An outer edge of the outer edge of the profile seal, which extends from the contact shoulder 6 into the foot area 5 and across the entire width of the foot area 5, is made of soft rubber 3 or a soft rubber mixture 3. The foot area 5 has a holding area 8, which is made of soft rubber 3 or a soft rubber mixture 3 and extends across the entire width of the foot area 5.The holding area 8 has a semicircular elevation on the outer edge, which is on the same side as the contact shoulder 6. Next to this elevation, on the underside of the profile seal, there is another elevation in the shape of a rectangle with rounded corners. In the foot area 5 below the second elevation of the central web 7 there is an elevation in the shape of a trapezoid. Directly next to this elevation, on the side facing away from the contact shoulder 6, there is an opening. Next to this opening is a holding stud 8, which is made of soft rubber 3 or a soft rubber mixture 3. The holding stud 8 has an air channel 9, which has the shape of a rectangle with rounded corners, wherein the side edge of the rectangle, which faces the outer edge of the profile seal, has a curve.

[0106] Figure 16shows a side view of a cross-section of a side seal according to another embodiment of the invention. The profile seal has a contact shoulder 6, which is made of foam rubber 2 or a foam rubber mixture 2, whereby the area of ​​the profile seal below the contact shoulder 6 also consists of foam rubber 2 or a foam rubber mixture 2. The profile seal has a central web 7, which has an opening. The central web 7 also has a raised portion. The raised portion is shaped like a hook or an upside-down letter "L". A retaining stud 8 is located in the center of the base area 5 of the profile seal. The side seal does not have any air channels 9.

[0107] Figure 17shows a side view of a cross-section of a side seal according to a further embodiment of the invention. The profile seal has a contact shoulder 6 and an area below the contact shoulder, which consist of foam rubber 2 or a foam rubber mixture 2. The side seal has a central web 7. The central web 7 has four elevations in the shape of triangles. In the foot area 5, centrally below the central web 7, there is a holding area 8, which has the shape of a hook with a wavy surface, wherein the hook is oriented such that it points away from the contact shoulder 6.

[0108] Figure 18shows a side view of a cross-section of a side seal according to a further embodiment of the invention. The profile seal has a central web 7. The central web 7 has wave-shaped elevations. One of the wave-shaped elevations extends such that it forms an upper part of the contact shoulder 6. The central web 7, the area below the central web 7 in the head region 4 of the profile seal, the wave-shaped elevations of the central web 7 and the upper part of the contact shoulder 6, as well as the outer edge of the profile seal, which faces away from the contact shoulder 6, are made of foam rubber 2 or a foam rubber mixture 2. The lower part of the contact shoulder 6 and the foot region 5 are made of the elastomer composition 1 according to the invention. The foot region 5 has a retaining nub 8 in the center.On the outer edge of the profile seal, on the side of which the contact shoulder 6 is also located, there is a narrow elevation at the bottom which extends in a vertical direction.

[0109] Figure 19 shows a side view of a cross section of a side seal according to another embodiment of the invention. The embodiment is similar to that shown in Figure 18 In contrast to the embodiment shown in Figure 18 In the embodiment shown, this embodiment has a raised portion made of foam rubber 2 or a foam rubber mixture 2 on the outer edge facing away from the contact shoulder 6. The raised portion has an elongated shape with a semicircular tip and extends horizontally, so that the raised portion projects laterally beyond the profile seal.

[0110] Figure 20shows a side view of a cross-section of a side seal according to a further embodiment of the invention. The profile seal has a central web 7. The central web 7 has a triangular mouth which extends across the entire width of the central web 7. The mouth extends into the lower head region 4 and almost into the foot region 5 of the profile seal. The contact shoulder 6, the central web 7 and the outer edge of the mouth of the central web 7 are made of foam rubber 2 or a foam rubber mixture 2. The region below the regions made of foam rubber 2 or foam rubber mixture 2 is made of the elastomer composition 1 according to the invention. The foot region 5 has a holding region 8.In the foot area 5 below the contact shoulder 6 there is a retaining knob 8 in the shape of a trapezoid with rounded corners, whereas on the opposite side there is a retaining knob 8 in the shape of a rounded triangle.

[0111] Figure 21 shows a side view of a cross section of a side seal according to another embodiment of the invention. The embodiment shown is similar to that shown in Figure 20 In contrast to the embodiment shown in Figure 20 In the embodiment shown, a holder 10 made of foam rubber 2 or a foam rubber mixture 2 is mounted in the base area 5 of this embodiment. The holder 10 is mounted on the outer edge of the profile seal, which faces away from the contact shoulder 6, and has an elongated shape with a semicircular tip that projects laterally beyond the rest of the profile seal.

[0112] Figure 22shows a side view of a cross section of a side seal according to another embodiment of the invention. The embodiment shown is similar to that shown in Figure 20 In contrast to the embodiment shown in Figure 20 In contrast to the embodiment shown, this embodiment has two additional holders 10, which consist of the elastomer composition 1 according to the invention. Both holders 10 are mounted on the outer edge of the profile seal, which faces away from the contact shoulder 6, with one holder 10 being mounted in the head region 4 and the other in the foot region 5. Both holders 10 have an elongated shape with a semicircular tip that protrudes laterally beyond the rest of the profile seal.

[0113] Figure 23shows a side view of a cross-section of an insulation strip according to one embodiment of the invention. The profile seal has a predominantly flat central web 7 with two semicircular elevations. The profile seal has a contact shoulder 6, which is located next to the central web 7 and has a semicircular shape. The outer edges of the profile seal are arranged at an angle so that the profile seal becomes wider towards the base area 5. The base area 5 has a holding area 8 in the area below the central web 7. The holding area 8 is designed as a holding knob, which has the shape of a rectangle with a trapezoid on the underside. The profile seal has nine air channels 9. A first air channel 9 is located below the contact shoulder 6 and has the shape of a trapezoid with rounded corners.Next to the first air duct 9 and below the central web 7 is a second air duct 9, which has the shape of a rectangle with rounded corners. Next to the second air duct 9 and below the central web 7 are a third, fourth, and fifth air duct 9. The third, fourth, and fifth air duct 9 are in the shape of a rectangle with a sloping top or sloping top edge and rounded corners. Next to the fifth air duct 9 and below the central web 7 is a sixth air duct 9, which has the shape of a trapezoid with rounded corners. In the base area 5 of the profile seal are a seventh, an eighth, and a ninth air duct 9, which extend into the holding area 8. The seventh air duct 9 is located below the fourth air duct 9, the eighth air duct 9 is located below the fifth air duct 9, and the ninth air duct 9 is located below the sixth air duct 9.The seventh and ninth air ducts 9 have a shape resembling a rectangle with rounded corners, with the lower, left, and right corners cut off, respectively, resulting in a pentagonal shape that is not a regular pentagon. The eighth air duct 9, located between the seventh and ninth air ducts 9, has the shape of a rectangle with rounded corners.

[0114] Figure 24shows a side view of a cross-section of an insulation strip according to a further embodiment of the invention. The profile seal has a contact shoulder 6 in the shape of a rectangle. The central web 7 has two elevations which extend perpendicular to the central web 7. Below the central web 7 there is a rectangular air duct 9. Below the contact shoulder 6 there is an opening which has the shape of a half ellipse. On the opposite side of the profile opening there is an elevation in the shape of a half ellipse which is congruent with the shape of the opening. In the foot area 5 of the profile seal there is a holding area 8 in the shape of a rectangle below the contact shoulder 6, the shape of the holding area 8 being congruent with the shape of the contact shoulder 6.In the base area 5 below the elevations of the central web 7, there are two retaining areas 8, which extend vertically from the base area 5 and whose shape is congruent with the shape of the elevations of the central web 7. The shape of the cross-section of the profile seal is mirror-symmetrical to a horizontal mirror axis.

[0115] Figure 25 shows a side view of a cross-section of an insulation strip according to an embodiment of the invention. The embodiment shown is similar to that shown in Figure 24 In contrast to the embodiment shown in Figure 24 In the embodiment shown, this embodiment has three elevations in the region of the central web 7 in the head region 4 and three holding regions 8 in the foot region 5, which extend vertically and whose shape is congruent with the shape of the elevations of the central web 7. The profile seal has two rectangular air channels 9.

[0116] Figure 26shows a side view of a cross-section of an insulation strip according to a further embodiment of the invention. The profile seal has a flat central web 7. The contact shoulder 6 has the shape of a triangle with rounded corners. The outer edge of the profile seal opposite the contact shoulder 6 is arranged at an angle, so that the profile seal becomes narrower towards the foot area 5. The outer edge of the profile seal opposite the contact shoulder 6 has a raised area in the shape of a trapezoid with rounded corners. In the foot area 5, the profile seal has a holding area 8 which extends almost across the entire width of the foot area 5 or the profile seal. The profile seal has three air channels 9 below the central web 7, which are arranged next to one another.The first air duct 9, located near the contact shoulder, and the second air duct, which forms the central air duct, are rectangular in shape with a sloping top and rounded corners. The third air duct 9 is located on the side of the profile seal opposite the contact shoulder. The third air duct is rectangular in shape with rounded corners, with the two corners located near the outer edge of the profile seal each having a quarter-circle opening.

[0117] Figure 27shows a side view of a cross-section of an insulation strip according to one embodiment of the invention. The profile seal has a predominantly flat central web 7 with two elevations in the shape of rectangles with rounded corners. The central web 7 has an opening in the shape of a triangle or a half-trapezoid with rounded corners. The profile seal has a narrow contact shoulder 6 with a rounded upper side, which extends almost vertically or slightly diagonally from the central web 7. The outer edge of the profile seal facing away from the contact shoulder has an elevation which extends diagonally from the outer edge of the profile seal. A first, a second, a third and a fourth air duct 9 are arranged below the central web 7, wherein the air ducts 9 extend from the head region 4 of the profile seal to the foot region of the profile seal.The first air duct 9, which is located below the contact shoulder, and the second air duct 9, which is arranged next to the first air duct 9, have the shape of a rectangle with rounded corners. The third air duct 9, which is located next to the second air duct 9, has the shape of a rectangle with a sloping top and rounded corners. The fourth air duct 9, which is located next to the third air duct 9, has the shape of a trapezoid with rounded corners. The foot region 5 of the profile seal has a holding region 8 designed as a holding knob, which has the shape of a rectangle with a trapezoid on the underside. Within this holding knob, two air ducts 9 are arranged next to one another, which have the shape of rectangles with rounded corners. The foot region 5 further has a further holding region 8 on the opposite side, which comprises a rectangular elevation.Between the already mentioned holding areas 8, a further holding area 8 is arranged, which has the shape of a rounded rectangle.

[0118] Figure 28 shows a side view of a cross-section of an insulation strip according to an embodiment of the invention. The profile seal has a semicircular contact shoulder 6. The profile seal has a central web 7 with two semicircular elevations. The holding area 8 in the base area 5 of the profile seal is flat. The profile seal has no air channels 9.

[0119] Figure 29shows a side view of a cross-section of an insulation strip according to one embodiment of the invention. The profile seal has a central web 7 with adjacently arranged elevations in the shape of triangles with rounded corners. The profile seal has a contact shoulder 6, which does not differ significantly from the elevations of the central web 7. Below the central web 7 are two adjacently arranged air ducts 9. The air ducts have the shape of rectangles with a sloping top and rounded corners, which extend from the head region 4 to the foot region 5 of the profile seal. In the foot region 5, there are two rectangular holding areas 8, each of which is arranged on an outer edge of the profile seal. A central holding area 8 is arranged centrally between these two holding areas 8 arranged on the outer edges.The central holding area 8 is designed as a rectangular retaining knob with a trapezoidal shape on the underside. In the foot area 5, below the two adjacent air ducts 9, there is another air duct 9 centrally located, which has the shape of a rectangle with rounded corners and extends into the central holding area 8.

[0120] Figure 30shows a side view of a cross-section of an insulation strip according to another embodiment of the invention. The profile seal has a central web 7 with adjacently arranged elevations in the shape of triangles with rounded corners. At the outer edges of the profile seal, the central web 7 has a narrower elevation or a narrow contact shoulder 6 compared to the other elevations. The holding area 8 in the base area 5 of the profile seal is flat. The outer edges of the profile seal run perpendicular to the holding area.

[0121] Figure 31shows a side view of a cross-section of an insulation strip according to an embodiment of the invention. The profile seal has a central web 7 with elevations in the shape of trapezoids with rounded corners. The profile seal has a contact shoulder 6, which does not differ significantly from the elevations of the central web 7. In the foot area 5, the outer edges of the profile seal run diagonally, so that the profile seal becomes narrower towards the holding area 8. The holding area 8 is flat.

[0122] The invention also relates to a use of the profile seal according to the invention for thermal insulation, preferably for thermal insulation in the construction sector, in particular as a center seal, side seal, and / or insulating strip, for example in window frames or door frames. The profile seal can be used for thermal insulation of windows and doors, in particular building windows and doors. The profile seals, in particular the insulating strips, can be individually adapted to the respective profiles or profile systems, in particular to aluminum window systems and / or aluminum door systems.

[0123] All advantages and features of the profile seal according to the invention can be transferred analogously to the use of the profile seal, and vice versa.

[0124] The following examples serve to further explain the invention without limiting the invention thereto. Examples Example 1:

[0125] According to a first embodiment, the material mixture has the following composition: 100 phr EPDM 132 phr Carbon Black N772 20 phr Chalk 93.5 phr Plasticizer 7 phr Vaseline 3 phr Aflux 42 5 phr Factise F10 8 phr Calcium Oxide 1 phr Stearic Acid 5 phr Zinc Oxide 0.5 phr MBT 2 phr TMTD 1.5 phr Sulphur 35 phr Expancel 930 DU 120.

[0126] The above-mentioned material mixture is treated in an ultra-high frequency (UHF) system with ultra-high frequency microwaves and hot air at a temperature of 200-270 °C. Vulcanization of the material mixture produces a material comprising an elastomer composition. The profile seal made from the material has a density of 0.178 g / cm3 and a thermal conductivity of λ = 0.044 W / (m K). According to ISO 3386, the material produced according to the invention has a compressive strength of 410 to 490 kPa, in particular 462.0 kPa, at a compression of 25%, 790 kPa to 870 kPa, in particular 836.8 kPa at a compression of 40%, and 1220 kPa to 1320 kPa, in particular 1284.0 kPa, at a compression of 50%.According to ISO 8 15, the material has a compression set of 50% at a compression of 25% at 70 °C for 24 hours, a compression set of 33% at a compression of 25% at 23 °C for 24 hours and a compression set of 60% at a compression of 25% for 24 hours at -10 °C. Example 2:

[0127] According to a second embodiment, 20 phr of Expancel 930 DU 120 is used in the above-mentioned material mixture. The profile seal, consisting of the material from the elastomer composition, has a density of 0.252 g / cm 3 and a thermal conductivity λ = 0.056 W / (m K). The material, which was obtained by vulcanization of the material mixture, has a compression hardness of 850 kPa, in particular 892.0 kPa, at a compression of 25%, 1580 kPa to 1660 kPa, in particular 1623.0 kPa, at a compression of 50% and 2490 kPa to 2560 kPa, in particular 2535.0 kPa, at a compression of 50%, according to ISO 3386. According to ISO 8 15, the material has a compression set of 52% at a compression of 25% for 24 hours at 70 °C, a compression set of 28% at a compression of 25% for 24 hours at 23 °C and a compression set of 55% at a compression of 25% for 24 hours at -10 °C. Examples 3, 4 and 5:

[0128] In Examples 3-5, the composition of Example 1 was chosen, with the proportion of Expancel being varied, and a chemical blowing agent (OBSH) was also used in these examples. The compositions are as follows: 100 phr EPDM 132 phr Carbon Black N772 20 phr Chalk (light filler) 93.5 phr Oil (plasticizer) 7 phr Vaseline (processing aid) 3 phr Aflux 42 (fatty alcohol + fatty acid ester processing aid) 5 phr Faktis F10 (processing aid) 8 phr Calcium Oxide (drying agent) 1 phr Stearic Acid (vulcanization system (activator) and processing aid) 5 phr Zinc Oxide (vulcanization system (activator)) 0.5 phr MBT (vulcanization system (accelerator)) 2 phr TMTD (vulcanization system (accelerator)) 1.5 phr Sulfur (vulcanization system (vulcanizing agent))

[0129] Variable for examples 3 - 5: Example 3: 20 phr Expancel 930 DU 120 (expandable microspheres) + 7 phr OBSH (chemical blowing agent) Example 4: 30 phr Expancel 930 DU 120 (expandable microspheres) + 7 phr OBSH (chemical blowing agent) Example 5: 40 phr Expancel 930 DU 120 (expandable microspheres) + 7 phr OBSH (chemical blowing agent)

[0130] The reactions were carried out as described in Example 1, and vulcanization was carried out with hot air at 200 °C. The following densities of the produced profile seals were obtained: Example 3: 0.24 g / cm3 Example 4: 0.19 g / cm3 Example 5: 0.12 g / cm3 List of reference symbols:

[0131] 1Elastomer composition 2Foam rubber or foam rubber mixture 3Soft rubber or soft rubber mixture 4Head area 5Foot area 6Support shoulder 7Center bar 8Holding area 9Air duct 10Holder

Claims

1. Profile sealing, in particular for windows and doors, of an elastomer composition (1) comprising: 100 phr of elastomer and 25-40 phr of expanded microspheres, the average diameter of the expanded microspheres 10-200 being and the µm elastomer composition (1) having a density of 0.10-0.30 g / cm3.

2. Profile sealing according to claim 1, characterized in that the elastomer composition (1) has a density of 0.12-0.28 g / cm3.

3. Profile sealing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the elastomer composition (1) additionally comprises 10-150 phr Softening agent 20-400 phr Filler 0-100 phr Chemical propellant 1-50 phr Excipient 0-30 phr Desiccant.

4. A profile sealing according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the elastomer composition additionally comprises 1-15 phr of chemical blowing agent.

5. Profile sealing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the average diameter of the expanded microspheres 40-150 is µm.

6. A profile gasket according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the elastomer is an EPDM.

7. Profile sealing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the entire profile sealing consists of the elastomer composition or the profile sealing consists of a first and a second partial area, wherein the first partial area of the composition and the second partial area consists of sponge rubber or a consists sponge rubber mixture (2).

8. Profile sealing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the thermal conductivity of the elastomer composition is λ < 0.057 W / (m K)9. Profile sealing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the elastomer composition (1) has a compression hardness of at least 100 kPa at a compression of 25 %, and / or a compression hardness of at least 200 kPa at a compression of 40 % and / or a compression hardness of at least 300 kPa at a compression of 50 %.

10. The profile sealing according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the elastomer composition (1) has a compressive deformation rest of less than or equal to 70% at a compression of for 24 hours at 70°C and / or a compressive deformation rest of less than or equal to 50% at a compression of 25% for 24 hours at 23°C and / or a compressive deformation rest of less than or equal to at a compression of 25% for 24 hours at -10°C.

11. A profile sealing according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising a head portion (4) and a foot portion (5), the head portion (4) comprises a center web (7) adapted to face a pane, the center web (7) comprising a resting shoulder (6), wherein one side of the resting shoulder (6) is designed to face a pane and the other side of the resting shoulder (6) is designed to face a frame, and wherein the base region (5) comprises at least one holding area (8) which is designed to fix the profile sealing in the frame.

12. Profile sealing according to claim 11, characterized in that the profile sealing comprises at least one air channel (9), preferably characterized in that at least one air channel (9) is in the region below located the central web (7).

13. Profile sealing according to claim 12, characterized in that at least one air channel (9) is located inside the resting shoulder (6) and / or at least one air channel (9) is located below the resting shoulder (6).

14. A method for producing a profile sealing according to one of the claims 1-13, comprising the steps of heating a material mixture comprising 100 phr of elastomer and 25-40 phr of expandable microspheres to a temperature of 75-300°C and molding a profile sealing.

15. Use of a profile sealing according to any one of claims 1-13 for thermal insulation, preferably for thermal insulation in construction.