HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLE AND CONTROL METHOD

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present invention relates to a hybrid electric vehicle and a method of controlling the same, and more particularly, to a hybrid electric vehicle which may maximize a driving distance in an engine clutch failure situation and a method of controlling the same.BACKGROUND

[0002] In general, a hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) is a vehicle which uses two types of power sources, and the two types of power sources are mainly an engine and an electric motor. Such a hybrid electric vehicle has excellent fuel efficiency and power performance and is advantageous in reduction in exhaust gas, as compared to a vehicle provided with an internal combustion engine alone, and thus has been vigorously developed.

[0003] A hybrid electric vehicle may be operated in two driving modes according to types of powertrains which are driven. One is an electric vehicle (EV) mode in which the hybrid electric vehicle is driven using only the electric motor, and the other is a hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) mode in which the hybrid electric vehicle is driven by operating both the electric motor and the engine. In a hybrid electric vehicle employing a parallel type hybrid system in which an electric motor and an engine clutch (EC) are installed between an engine and a transmission, the engine clutch is in an open state in the EV mode and is in a closed state in the HEV mode. The closed state may be divided into a slip state in which slip between clutch plates is allowed and thus RPMs (revolutions per minute) of an input terminal and an output terminal may be different, and a lockup state in which RPMs of the input terminal and the output terminal are the same through direct connection of the clutch plates. US 2017 / 0113679 A1 discloses a control system for hybrid vehicle for extending a possible travelling distance of the vehicle in the event of clutch failure. The control system is configured to select a drive mode of the vehicle depending on an estimated torque transmitting capacity and to reduce an engine torque if a specific drive mode is selected. Moreover, US 2015 / 0321663 A1 teaches a fail safe method of an actuator including determination of the vehicle mode in case of failure of the engine clutch, determination of the possibility to return the actuator to a home position in this specific vehicle mode, connecting the engine clutch when it is determined that the returning operation of the actuator is possible, and driving the vehicle in a different vehicle mode.

[0004] WO 2009 / 139305 A1 discloses a clutch failure control method in a series-parallel hybrid vehicle, said method distinguishing between a "Clutch ON" failure and a "Clutch OFF" failure.

[0005] However, fixture of the engine clutch to an arbitrary state (hereinafter, referred to as "stuck" for convenience of description) due to mechanical failure or an error in control may occur. Particularly, stuck becomes worse if,when the state of a dry engine clutch is changed for improvement of fuel efficiency, a self-locking structure for maintaining the corresponding state without separate control is employed.

[0006] If such stuck or failure in which the state of the engine clutch cannot be determined occurs, the general hybrid electric vehicle is controlled so as to be driven using only the electric motor in all cases. However, such control forces the hybrid electric vehicle to be driven using only the electric motor regardless of the state of the engine clutch or a driving load and, thus, in some cases, may cause rapid battery consumption and difficulty in securing a sufficient moving distance of the hybrid electric vehicle to a safe zone in the event of failure and increasing the risk of accident.SUMMARY

[0007] Accordingly, the present invention is directed to a hybrid electric vehicle and a method of controlling the same that substantially obviate one or more problems due to limitations and disadvantages of the related art.

[0008] An object of the present invention is to provide a hybrid electric vehicle which may maximize a driving distance in an engine clutch failure situation and a method of controlling the same.

[0009] Another object of the present invention is to provide a hybrid electric vehicle which may maximize a driving distance in consideration of a driving state of the vehicle in an engine clutch stuck situation and a method of controlling the same.

[0010] These objects are achieved by providing a control method according to claim 1 and a hybrid vehicle according to claim 7. Preferred embodiments are set forth in the dependent claims.

[0011] It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description of the present invention are exemplary and explanatory and are intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principle of the invention. In the drawings: FIG. 1 is a schematic view exemplarily illustrating a powertrain structure of a parallel type hybrid electric vehicle; FIG. 2 is a block diagram exemplarily illustrating a control system of a hybrid electric vehicle to which embodiments of the present invention are applicable; FIG. 3 is a view illustrating an operating principle of a dry engine clutch; FIG. 4 is a view illustrating problems in driving control using only an electric motor in failure of an engine clutch; FIG. 5 is a flowchart exemplarily illustrating a method of controlling a powertrain in failure of an engine clutch in a hybrid electric vehicle in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention; and FIGs. 6 to 8 are views illustrating concepts of controlling a powertrain in respective situations in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0013] In Reference will now be made in detail to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, the same or similar elements are denoted by the same reference numerals even though they are depicted in different drawings. The suffixes "module" and "unit" used in the description below are given or used together only in consideration of ease in preparation of the specification and do not have distinctive meanings or functions.

[0014] First, with reference to FIG. 1, a hybrid electric vehicle structure to which embodiments of the present invention are applicable will be described.

[0015] FIG. 1 is a schematic view exemplarily illustrating a powertrain structure of a parallel type hybrid electric vehicle to which the embodiments of the present invention are applicable.

[0016] FIG. 1 illustrates a powertrain of a hybrid electric vehicle employing a parallel type hybrid system in which an electric motor 140 (or a driving motor) and an engine clutch 130 are installed between an internal combustion engine (ICE) 110 and a transmission 150.

[0017] In such a vehicle, if a driver presses an accelerator after starting, the electric motor 140 is first driven using power of a main battery in an open state of the engine clutch 130 and then power of the electric motor 140 moves wheels via the transmission 150 and a final drive (FD) 160 (i.e., in the EV mode). If the vehicle is gradually accelerated and thus requires greater driving power, a starter generator motor 120 is operated and may thus drive the ICE 110.

[0018] Thereby, when RPMs of the ICE 110 and the electric motor 140 become equal, the engine clutch 130 is closed and the vehicle is driven by both the ICE 110 and the electric motor 140 (i.e., transition from the EV mode to the HEV mode). If predetermined engine off conditions are satisfied, i.e., the vehicle is decelerated, the engine clutch 130 is open and the ICE 110 is stopped (i.e., transition from the HEV mode to the EV mode). Here, the electric motor 140 charges the main battery using driving power of the wheels and this is referred to as brake energy regeneration or regenerative braking. Therefore, the starter generator motor 120 serves as a starter motor when the ICE 110 is started and serves as a generator when rotational energy of the engine is recovered after starting or when the ICE 110 is off, and may thus be referred to as a hybrid starter generator (HSG).

[0019] Mutual relations among control units in a vehicle to which the above-described powertrain is applied are illustrated in FIG. 2.

[0020] FIG. 2 is a block diagram exemplarily illustrating a control system of a hybrid electric vehicle to which embodiments of the present invention are applicable.

[0021] With reference to FIG. 2, in the hybrid electric vehicle to which embodiments of the present invention are applicable, an internal combustion engine 110 may be controlled by an engine control unit 210, torques of a starter generator motor 120 and an electric motor 140 may be controlled by a motor control unit (MCU) 220, and an engine clutch 130 may be controlled by a clutch control unit 230. Here, the engine control unit 210 may be referred to as an engine management system (EMS). Further, a transmission 150 is controlled by a transmission control unit 250. According to embodiments, the starter generator motor 120 and the electric motor 140 may be controlled by separate motor control units.

[0022] The respective control units are connected to an upper-level control unit, i.e., a control unit which performs overall control of the powertrain of the hybrid electric vehicle (hereinafter, a "hybrid control unit" or an "HCU") 240, and may thus provide information necessary to control the engine clutch 130 in driving mode conversion and gear shifting and / or information necessary to control stoppage of the internal combustion engine 110 to the hybrid control unit 240 or perform operation according to a control signal under the control of the hybrid control unit 240.

[0023] In more detail, the hybrid control unit 240 determines whether or not mode conversion is performed according to a driving state of the vehicle. For example, the hybrid control unit 24 determines a point of time when the engine clutch 130 is open, and performs hydraulic pressure control (if the engine clutch 130 is a wet engine clutch) or torque capacity control (if the engine clutch 130 is a dry engine clutch) when the engine clutch 130 is open. Further, the hybrid control unit 240 may determine a state (lock-up, slip, opening or stuck) of the engine clutch 130 through the clutch control unit 230, control a point of time when fuel injection of the internal combustion engine 110 is stopped, and determine whether or not engine stall occurs using information regarding the operating state of the internal combustion engine 110. Further, the hybrid control unit 240 may determine the operating states of the motors 120 and 140 through the motor control unit 220 and transmit torque commands of the respective motors 120 and 140 to the motor control unit 220.

[0024] Of course, connection relations between the above- described control units and functions / classifications of the respective control units are exemplary and thus it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the names of the control units are not limited. For example, other control units except for the hybrid control unit 240 may be implemented as having the functions of the hybrid control unit 240, or the functions of the hybrid control unit 240 may be distributed to two or more other control units except for the hybrid control unit 240.

[0025] If a travel sensor to sense the position of an actuator moving clutch plates of the engine clutch 130 malfunctions or voltage lower than a normal value (i.e., a predetermined value) is supplied to the clutch control unit 230 controlling the engine clutch 130, a state of the engine clutch 130 based on the position of the actuator may not be determined (i.e., an unknown state). This will be described with reference to FIG. 3.

[0026] FIG. 3 is a view illustrating an operating principle of a dry engine clutch.

[0027] With reference to FIG. 3, in order to drive the engine clutch 130, a hydrostatic clutch actuator (HCA) 310, a central slave cylinder (CSC) 330, a pipe 320 providing a hydraulic pressure transmission path between the HCA 310 and the CSC 330 and a hybrid control unit (HCU) 240 are provided.

[0028] In more detail, the HCU 240 transmits a control command to the HCA 330, the HCA 330 moves a piston by driving an E-motor according to the control command, and hydraulic pressure is transmitted to the CSC 330 through the pipe 320 according to the position of the piston. The CSC 330 applies hydraulic pressure to the engine clutch 130 so that a distance between clutch plates may be changed.

[0029] If stuck of the engine clutch 130 occurs or failure of the engine clutch 130 in which the state of the engine clutch 130 may not be determined occurs, a general hybrid electric vehicle is controlled so as to be driven using only an electric motor in all cases. However, as described above, such control forces the hybrid electric vehicle to be driven using only the electric motor regardless of the state of the engine clutch or a driving load and, thus, in some cases, may cause rapid battery consumption and difficulty in securing a sufficient moving distance of the hybrid electric vehicle to a safe zone in the event of failure and increasing the risk of accident. This will be described in more detail with reference to FIG. 4.

[0030] FIG. 4 is a view illustrating problems in driving control using only an electric motor in failure of an engine clutch. In FIG. 4, a horizontal axis represents time in seconds, and a vertical axis represents change of various operating states.

[0031] With reference to FIG. 4, while a hybrid electric vehicle is driven uphill at a high speed in the HEV mode, unknown failure in which a state of the engine clutch may not be determined occurs around a point of about 1,270 seconds. When the engine clutch is stuck in the HEV mode, the engine clutch is maintained in the lock-up state and, thus, both the engine and the motor are rotated and the speeds thereof are continuously equal.

[0032] As such failure occurs, EV only control is performed (EV drive on) . When EV only control is performed, the engine is off and, at this point of time, the speeds of the engine and the motor are temporarily decreased. Even if the engine is off, an accelerator pedal sensor (APS) value is maintained to be high and thus the electric motor is operated at a high load so as to satisfy required output, and thereby the speeds of the engine and the motor are immediately recovered. Further, after occurrence of failure, a warning of "do not drive" may be output, as shown in a lower graph of FIG. 4.

[0033] However, since it is difficult to cope with uphill driving at a high load using only output of the motor, a vehicle speed and the speeds of the engine and the motor are continuously lowered, and all the SOC (state of charge) of the battery is consumed within about 25 seconds from starting of EV only control (i.e., prior to 1,300 seconds on the horizontal axis) due to high-load operating of the motor. Thereby, the hybrid electric vehicle enters an "HEV ready off" state corresponding to an ignition-off state of a general combustion engine vehicle and driving of the hybrid electric vehicle is not enabled any more.

[0034] Consequently, when EV only control is performed in a high driving load situation, the engine clutch is locked up, the electric motor handling an engine load rapidly lowers the SOC of the battery and, thereby, a driver may not secure a time / distance to move the vehicle to a safe zone.

[0035] Therefore, in the embodiments of the present invention, a control method, in which exhaustion of the SOC of the battery is delayed through HSG charging control HSG according to the state of the engine clutch or torque of the engine is used in driving of wheels with reference to a state of the engine clutch just prior to failure, is proposed.

[0036] FIG. 5 is a flowchart exemplarily illustrating a method of controlling a powertrain in failure of an engine clutch in a hybrid electric vehicle in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] With reference to FIG. 5, whether or not failure in monitoring the state of an engine clutch occurs may be determined (S510) . For example, if a value of a travel sensor of an HCA 310 cannot be acquired, a clutch control unit 230 may inform a hybrid control unit 240 of such fact by outputting a failure code, etc. Further, the hybrid control unit 240 may determine that failure of the engine clutch 130 occurs if the hybrid control unit 240 receives failure code information from the clutch control unit 230 or is unable to normally communicate with the clutch control unit 230.

[0038] Upon determining that failure of the engine clutch 130 occurs, the hybrid control unit 240 may identify a state of the engine clutch 130 which is finally obtained just prior to the failure (S520). Here, a state just prior to the failure may refer to the last state (i.e., the most recent state) that is identified by the hybrid control unit 240 before the failure of the engine clutch 130 is detected or determined by the hybrid control unit 240.

[0039] As a result of reference, if the engine clutch 130 is not in the open state, the hybrid control unit 240 may determine whether or not the engine is capable of starting (S530). Whether or not the engine is capable of starting may be determined based on that a lower value of an engine speed and a motor speed is the minimum starting speed of the engine or higher. Here, the minimum starting speed of the engine may mean the minimum RPM of the engine at which the engine is not stopped and starting of the engine may be maintained.

[0040] As a result of reference of the state of the engine clutch 130, if the engine clutch 130 is in the open state (yes in S520) or if the engine is incapable of starting (no in S530), EV only control in which the vehicle is driven using only driving power of the electric motor 140 may be performed (S550A).

[0041] Differently, if the engine is capable of starting (yes in S530), the hybridcontrol unit 240 may determine a way of using the power of the engine accordingto the state of the engine clutch 130 finally obtained just prior to the failure (S540).

[0042] In more detail, if the state of the engine clutch 130 obtained finally just prior to the failure is a lock-up state (yes in S540), the hybrid control unit 240 may perform control in which wheels are driven using power of the engine, i.e., HEV driving control (S550B) . Here, engine torque may be defined as a value acquired by subtracting a designated margin from an engine clutch torque capacity just prior to the failure, and motor torque may be defined as a value acquired by subtracting the engine torque from demanded torque. If HEV control is performed, the hybrid electric vehicle may be continuously driven even in an engine clutch failure situation.

[0043] Differently, if the state of the engine clutch 130 determined finally just prior to the failure is a slip state (no in S540), the hybrid control unit 240 may perform control in which the HSG 120 is operated in a generator mode using the power of the engine 110 and thus charges the battery, i.e., HSG charging control (S550C). Here, engine torque is controlled to be equal to charging torque of the HSG 120 and, thus, torque transmitted to an input shaft of the engine clutch 130 may become substantially zero. This serves to minimize occurrence of slip of the engine clutch 130 and thus to prevent additional failure. Since engine torque is not transmitted to a drive shaft through the engine clutch 130, motor torque may be controlled to be equal to demanded torque. IF HSG charging control is performed, the battery is charged with power generated by the HSG 120 and a driving distance of the hybrid electric vehicle using the electric motor is increased.

[0044] Of source, if failure of the engine clutch 130 does not occur, normal driving control is performed (S550D).

[0045] Table 1 below summarizes the above-described process shown in FIG. 5, and powertrain operations in respective controls will be described with reference to Table 1 and FIGs. 6 to 8. FIGs. 6 to 8 are views illustrating concepts of controlling a powertrain in respective situations in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. Table 1 numbers in Table 1 are merely an example)Engine clutch state just prior to failure (transfer torque)Driving conditionOperating methodOpen state (<50 Nm)alwaysEV only controlSlip state (50-250 Nm)Satisfaction of speed enabling engine driving (engine & motor >= minimum engine speed)HSG charging control (engine torque-HSG=0, Feedforward control)Lock-up state (>250 Nm)Dissatisfaction of speed enabling engine drivingEngine off and EV only controlSatisfaction of speed enabling engine driving (engine & motor >= minimum engine speed)HEV mode driving (only, prevention of slip by restricting output using transfer torque just prior to failure-margin torque)Dissatisfaction of speed enabling engine drivingEngine off and EV only control

[0046] In Table 1, transfer torque may have a predetermined numerical value according to vehicles having respective characteristics and engine clutches having respective characteristics. Such information may be information which the hybrid control unit 240 acquires in advance, information which the clutch control unit 230 transmits to the hybrid control unit 240, or information predicted through state information of the engine clutch 130 which the hybrid control unit 240 finally receives.

[0047] First, FIG. 6 illustrates operation of the powertrain in EV only control. In EV only control, only the electric motor 140 is driven by power of the battery 170 regardless of the state of the engine clutch 130 but the internal combustion engine 110 is not started.

[0048] Further, in an HSG charging control situation, as exemplarily shown in FIG. 7, the engine clutch 130 is in a slip state, torque of the internal combustion engine 110 is controlled (feedforward control) to correspond to charging torque of the HSG 120 and, thus, slip of the engine clutch 130 is minimized. Power generated by the HSG 120 charges the battery 170, and the electric motor 140 is driven by power of the battery 170.

[0049] In an HEV mode driving situation, as exemplarily shown in FIG. 8, the engine clutch 130 is in a lock-up state, and driving power of the internal combustion engine 110 is transmitted to a drive shaft through the engine clutch 130 in the lock-up state and thus moves the vehicle together with driving power of the motor 140 driven by power of the battery 170. Here, output of the internal combustion engine 110 is restricted to a value acquired by subtracting designated margin torque from a torque capacity of the engine clutch 130 just prior to the failure. The reason for this is to prevent slip of the engine clutch 130 which may be generated if the torque of the internal combustion engine 110 is greater than a torque capacity of the engine clutch 130.

[0050] The above-described control according to the state of the engine clutch 130 has advantages as below.

[0051] If the state of the engine clutch 130 just prior to the failure is the open stage, there is a high possibility that the vehicle is driven at a low load, and an amount of energy necessary for evacuation to a safe zone is relatively small and thus there is a high possibility that the vehicle is moved to the safe zone.

[0052] If the state of the engine clutch 130 just prior to the failure is the slip state, energy necessary to drive the motor when the engine is capable of starting may be supplied through HSG charging and, thus, a driving distance may be increased, as compared to EV only control. Here, since engine torque is controlled to compensate for charging torque of the HSG 120, slip may be minimized and additional failure prevention effects may be expected.

[0053] Further, if the state of the engine clutch 130 just prior to the failure is the lock-up state, HEV mode driving is enabled and thus the vehicle may be continuously driven. Of course, even in this case, engine torque is maintained to be equal to or lower than transfer torque of the engine clutch 130 just prior to the failure and, thus, slip of the engine clutch 130 may be prevented.

[0054] The above-described method in accordance with the embodiment may be implemented as computer readable code in a computer readable recording medium in which a program is recorded. Computer readable recording media include all kinds of recording devices in which data readable by computer systems is stored. The computer readable recording media include a Hard Disk Drive (HDD), a Solid State Drive (SSD), a Silicon Disk Drive (SDD), a ROM, a RAM, a CD-ROM, a magnetic tape, a floppy disk, an optical data storage system, etc. Further, the computer readable recording media may be realized as a carrier wave (for example, transmission over the Internet).

[0055] The various embodiments disclosed herein, including embodiments of the hybrid control unit, the engine control unit, the motor control unit, the clutch control unit, and transmission control unit, or any other controller or control unit can be implemented using one or more processors coupled to a memory (or the above computer readable recording medium) storing computer-executable instructions for causing the processors to perform the functions described above including the functions described in relation to the hybrid control unit, the engine control unit, the motor control unit, the clutch control unit, and transmission control unit, or any other controller or control unit.

[0056] As is apparent from the above description, a hybrid electric vehicle in accordance with at least one embodiment of the present invention may secure a maximum driving distance in an engine clutch failure situation.

[0057] Particularly, power of an engine is actively used in consideration of transfer torque in an engine clutch state just prior to failure and, thus, a distance to empty (DTE) of the hybrid electric vehicle may be maximized.

Claims

1. A method of controlling a hybrid electric vehicle wherein the hybrid vehicle is provided with an engine (110), a first motor (140) for driving wheels of the vehicle, an engine clutch (130) with an open and a close state, with the close state comprising a slip state and a lock-up state, a second motor (120) for serving as a starter motor for the engine (110), and transmission (150) and a battery for supplying electric power to and being electrically charged by the first motor (140) and the second motor (12), wherein the engine clutch (130) is installed between on the one hand the first motor (140) and on the other hand the engine (110) and the second motor (120), and the transmission is installed between the first motor and the wheel of the vehicle; wherein the method comprises: in response to a determination that failure of the engine clutch (130) occurs, determining a state of the engine clutch (130) just prior to the failure; in response to a determination that the state of the engine clutch (130) just prior to the failure is an open state, driving the first motor (140) alone to drive the vehicle; determining whether or not engine starting conditions are satisfied; and in response to a determination that the state of the engine clutch (130) just prior to the failure is not the open state, starting the engine (110) when the engine starting conditions are satisfied, wherein if the state of the engine clutch (130) determined finally just prior to the failure is a slip state, then the starting of the engine (110) includes executing a second motor charging control to charge the battery by operating the second motor (120) connected to the engine (110) in a generator mode using power of the engine (110); and wherein if the state of the engine clutch (130) determined finally just prior to the failure is a lock-up state, then the starting of the engine (110) includes executing a HEV mode driving control.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the engine starting conditions include that a lower value of a speed of the first motor (140) and a speed of the engine (110) is a minimum starting speed of the engine or higher.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the execution of the HEV mode driving control includes controlling torque of the engine (110) to be less than or equal to torque acquired by subtracting designate margin torque from a torque capacity of the engine clutch (130) just prior to the failure.

4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the execution of the HEV mode driving control further includes controlling torque of the first motor (140) to correspond to a value acquired by subtracting the torque of the engine from demanded torque.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the execution of the second motor (120) charging control includes controlling torque of the engine (110) to compensate for charging torque of the second motor (120).

6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the execution of the second motor charging control further includes controlling torque of the first motor (140) to correspond to demanded torque.

7. A hybrid electric vehicle comprising: an engine (110), a first motor (140) for driving wheels, an engine clutch (130) with an open and a close state, with the close state comprising a slip state and a lock-up state, a second motor (120) for serving as a starter motor for the engine (110), a transmission (150), wherein the engine clutch (130) is installed between on the one hand the first motor (140) and on the other hand the engine (110) and the second motor (120), and the transmission is installed between the first motor and the wheel of the vehicle, a battery for supplying electric power to and electrically charged by the first motor (140) and the second motor (12), a first controller (220) configured to control the first motor (140); a second controller (220) configured to control the engine (110); a third controller (230) configured to control the engine clutch (130) disposed between the first motor (140) and the engine (110); and a fourth controller (240) configured to: determine a state of the engine clutch (130) just prior to the failure, if failure of the engine clutch (130) is detected by the third control unit (230), in response to a determination that the state of the engine clutch (130) just prior to the failure is an open state, control the first controller (220) to drive the first motor (140) alone, confirmation whether or not engine starting conditions are satisfied, and in response to a determination that the state of the engine clutch (130) just prior to the failure is not the open state, control the second controller (220) to start the engine (110) when the starting conditions are satisfied, wherein if the state of the engine clutch (130) determined finally just prior to the failure is a slip state, then the second motor (120) is controlled to be operated in a generator mode and thus charges the battery using power of the engine (110), and wherein if the state of the engine clutch (130) determined finally just prior to the failure is a lock-up state, then the engine (110) is controlled to drive the wheels in a HEV mode driving control.

8. The hybrid electric vehicle according to claim 7, wherein the engine starting conditions include that a lower value of a speed of the first motor (140) and a speed of the engine (110) is a minimum starting speed of the engine or higher.

9. The hybrid electric vehicle according to claim 7, wherein the fourth controller (240) controls torque of the engine (110) to be less than or equal to torque acquired by subtracting a designate margin torque from a torque capacity of the engine clutch (130) just prior to the failure.

10. The hybrid electric vehicle according to claim 9, wherein the fourth controller (240) controls torque of the first motor (140) to correspond to a value acquired by subtracting the torque of the engine (110) from demanded torque.