DEVICE FOR COLLECTING PARTICLES AND VEHICLE EQUIPPED WITH SUCH A DEVICE

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a device for collecting airborne particles intended for use in a vehicle. The present invention also relates to a vehicle incorporating such a collection device.

[0002] The operation of many types of vehicles involves the emission or release of particles of varying sizes into the atmosphere. For example, the exhaust gases of some engines contain solid particles resulting from fuel combustion. Furthermore, the braking systems used in these vehicles frequently rely on the friction of two parts against each other to dissipate the vehicle's kinetic energy. Friction, therefore, also causes the release of particles into the atmosphere.

[0003] The presence of such particles in the atmosphere can cause a wide range of health problems in people who inhale them. This effect is even more pronounced at higher particle concentrations. Consequently, enclosed transport systems, particularly subways, are especially susceptible to these effects, since the air is less frequently renewed in tunnels than at ground level.

[0004] It is also worth noting that the size of particles generated by either fuel combustion or braking can vary, and in particular can be very small. These very fine particles can penetrate deep into the lungs and cause numerous health problems.

[0005] In particular, very fine particles such as PM10 or PM2.5, that is, those with a diameter of 10 micrometers (µm) or 2.5 µm or less, respectively, are difficult to trap with filters, since filters capable of retaining such small particles tend to clog easily. Regular filter maintenance is therefore necessary to maintain its effectiveness over time, which is challenging when the filter is part of a vehicle's integrated system.

[0006] Furthermore, the passage of air through filters with very small mesh sizes induces significant pressure losses, thus limiting the suction efficiency. This is even more pronounced when the filter is partially clogged, which happens very quickly due to the small mesh size. However, even a new and clean filter presents a considerable obstacle to airflow. A very small particle collection system using a filter is therefore energy-intensive. When the particle collection device is installed in a vehicle, this is problematic since the amount of available energy is limited. FR 3 070 872 A1 mentions a device for recovering particles emitted by a motor vehicle braking system, comprising an inlet duct (8) for receiving a particle-laden airflow, and a container (2) containing a particle recovery fluid (6).

[0007] There is therefore a need for an atmospheric particle collection system, intended to be installed in a vehicle, that is capable of collecting very small particles while requiring little maintenance and being energy-efficient.

[0008] For this purpose, a transport vehicle is proposed, according to claim 1.

[0009] In specific embodiments, the vehicle has one or more of the following characteristics, taken individually or in all technically possible combinations: The tank further comprises a condensate return opening, the return opening being separate from the outlet. The protective device includes a return conduit configured to carry the condensate back to the tank via the return opening. The return conduit includes a check valve configured to prevent fluid from flowing from the tank to the condenser in the return conduit. The protective device further comprises a filter configured to retain particles present in the airflow. The filter is interposed between the condenser and the suction device when the protective device is connected to the suction device. The barrier includes a grid, the grid delimiting, in particular, openings having an area between 0.5 square millimeters and 2 square millimeters.The barrier divides a chamber of the tank into a first compartment and a second compartment. The first compartment is configured to hold the liquid, with the outlet opening into the second compartment. The barrier delimits a passage connecting the first compartment to the second compartment, configured to allow airflow. The protective device includes a suction duct for connecting it to the suction system. This suction duct has a valve configured to prevent airflow from passing through the valve from the suction system to the protective device. The liquid is an aqueous solution containing, among other things, a surfactant.The reservoir comprises at least two chambers connected in series, each chamber containing liquid. The collection device is configured to inject the collection airflow into the liquid contained in one of the chambers, with the outlet opening into another chamber. The vehicle comprises a pneumatic circuit and a brake. The pneumatic circuit is configured to control vehicle braking by the brake, and the suction device is configured to be actuated by the pneumatic circuit.

[0010] Features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description, given solely by way of non-limiting example, and made with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: [ Fig 1 ] there figure 1 is a schematic representation of a vehicle comprising a particle collection device according to the invention, [ Fig 2 ] there figure 2 is a schematic representation of an early example of a particle collection device from the figure 1 , And [ Fig. 3 ] there figure 3 is a schematic representation of a second example of a particle collection device from the figure 1 .

[0011] A vehicle 10 is schematically represented on the figure 1 .

[0012] Vehicle 10 is, for example, a public transport vehicle, in particular a rail vehicle such as a train, tram, metro, or a carriage forming part of such a train, tram, or metro. Alternatively, vehicle 10 is a land vehicle such as a bus or trolleybus, or even a private vehicle.

[0013] The vehicle 10 includes at least one axle 15, a braking system 20 and a collection device 25.

[0014] In a manner known per se, each axle 15 comprises at least two wheels 30 connected by a shaft 35, at least one disc 40, also called a brake disc, for example two discs 40, being mounted(s) on the shaft 35.

[0015] Each disc 40 is fixed to the corresponding shaft 35.

[0016] The braking system 20 includes a pneumatic circuit 45 and at least one brake 50, in particular one brake 50 for each of the discs 40.

[0017] The pneumatic circuit 45 is configured to control braking of the vehicle 10 by the brake(s) 50. In particular, the pneumatic circuit 45 is configured to supply each brake 50 with a pressure specific to actuate the brake 50 in such a way as to cause braking of the vehicle 10 by the brake 50.

[0018] It should be noted that variants in which the brakes 50 are operated electrically or hydraulically are also conceivable.

[0019] The pneumatic circuit 45 includes, in particular, a brake control device 55. This control device 55 is configured to generate a pressurized airflow and to transmit the airflow, via a set of conduits, to each brake 50.

[0020] Each brake 50 is configured to exert a force on the corresponding disc 40 tending to prevent the disc 40 from rotating. In particular, each brake 50 includes at least one pad 60 configured to rub against the disc 40 so as to prevent or slow down its rotation.

[0021] In particular, the brake 50 is configured to move each pad 60, under the effect of the pressure transmitted by the pneumatic circuit 45, between a position in which the pad 60 is not in contact with the corresponding disc 40 and a position in which the pad 60 is in contact with the disc 40.

[0022] The collection device 25 is configured to collect particles suspended in the atmosphere, particularly in the atmosphere surrounding the vehicle 10.

[0023] The collection device 25 is configured here to collect suspended particles emitted during braking of the vehicle 10, the particles resulting from the wear of a disc 40 and / or a pad 60 when the pad 60 rubs against the disc 40.

[0024] It should be noted that the collection device 25 is also likely to be used to collect other types of particles, for example by changing the positioning of all or part of the collection device 25 in the vehicle 10.

[0025] Each particle has a maximum dimension less than or equal to 100 µm, for example less than or equal to 50 µm, in particular less than or equal to 10 µm, in particular less than or equal to 2.5 µm.

[0026] A first example of a collection device 25 is shown on the figure 2 .

[0027] The collection device 25 includes a suction device 65, a collection element 70, a reservoir 75 and a protection element 80.

[0028] The suction device 65 is configured to generate a collection airflow. In particular, the suction device 65 is configured to draw in a collection airflow.

[0029] The suction device 65, the collection element 70, the reservoir 75 and the protection element 80 are configured to conduct the collection airflow from outside the collection device 25, in particular from outside the vehicle 10, to the suction device 65.

[0030] In particular, the suction device 65, the collection element 70, the reservoir 75, and the protective element 80 are configured so that the collection airflow passes, in that order, through the collection element 70, the reservoir 75, and the protective element 80, to reach the suction device 65. This is indicated by arrows on the figure 2 .

[0031] Thus, the suction device 65 is connected to the protective element 80, for example by a suction conduit 85.

[0032] Optionally, the suction duct 85 includes a valve configured to allow the collection airflow to flow through the valve from the protective device 80 to the suction device 65, and to prevent airflow from flowing from the suction device 65 to the protective device 80. The valve can be placed on the suction duct 85 between the protective device 80 and the suction device 65 but also, optionally, between the suction device 65 and the pneumatic circuit 45.

[0033] The suction device 65, for example, is configured to be operated by the pneumatic circuit 45. In this case, the suction device 65 is connected to the pneumatic circuit 45 by a conduit 152.

[0034] According to one embodiment, the suction device 65 includes a turbine suitable for generating the collection airflow when the turbine is driven by the pressurized airflow circulating in the pneumatic circuit.

[0035] Alternatively, the suction device 65 is configured to generate the collection airflow by the Venturi effect. For example, the suction device 65 is connected via the conduit 152 to a section of the pneumatic circuit 45 where a local reduction in the diameter of the circuit 45 results in a local decrease in pressure. The collection airflow is then drawn in and injected into the pressurized airflow.

[0036] It should be noted that many types of suction devices 65 are likely to be used. In particular, many types of suction devices 65 are actuated by a pneumatic circuit 45 and cause the injection of the collection air stream into the pneumatic circuit 45. For example, the suction device is a pneumatic, hydraulic, or electric vacuum pump.

[0037] Optionally, a cooler is configured to cool the airflow flowing through the duct 152 from the suction device 65, before the airflow flows through the pneumatic circuit 45.

[0038] In other conceivable embodiments, the suction device 65 is capable of being disconnected from the pneumatic circuit 45, for example if the suction device 65 is operated electrically or by a non-pneumatic means.

[0039] The collection airflow contains a set of particles that the collection device 25 is configured to collect.

[0040] The collection organ 70 is configured to collect the collection airflow outside the collection device 25, in particular outside the vehicle 10, and to conduct the collection airflow into the tank 75.

[0041] In particular, the collection unit 70 is configured to collect particles emitted during braking of the vehicle 10, in particular so that the collection airflow is in contact with a pad 60 and / or with a disc 40 before entering the collection unit 70.

[0042] The collection unit 70 includes, for example, an end cap 90, a collection conduit 95, and a valve 158.

[0043] The 90 nozzle is configured to collect the collection airflow and to transmit the collection airflow to the collection duct 95.

[0044] The 90 tip is, for example, flared at one of its ends, this end being open and positioned near the disc 40 and / or at least one corresponding pad 60.

[0045] The collection duct 95 is configured to receive the collection airflow from the nozzle 90 and to conduct the collection airflow from the nozzle 90 into the inside of the reservoir 75. In particular, the collection duct 95 is configured to inject the collection airflow into the liquid L,

[0046] The valve 158 is configured to allow the collection airflow to circulate through the valve 158 from the nozzle 90 to the reservoir 75 and to prevent the airflow from circulating, through the collection conduit 95, from the reservoir 75 to the nozzle 90. The valve 158 thus prevents any evaporation during periods when the device 25 is not in use.

[0047] The 75 tank is configured to hold one L of liquid.

[0048] In particular, the reservoir 75 is configured to contain a volume of liquid L, this volume of liquid L being a function of the dimensions of the brake and the maintenance intervals on the collection device 25.

[0049] The reservoir 75, the collection device 70 and the protection device 80 are configured so that the collection airflow passes through the liquid L when the collection airflow passes through the reservoir 75.

[0050] The term "through liquid L" means that the collection airflow passes through at least a portion of liquid L and is in contact with liquid L during this flow.

[0051] For example, the collection member 70 is configured to inject the collection airflow into the liquid L. For this purpose, the collection member 70 is specifically configured so that a first end of the collection conduit 95 is immersed in the liquid L, a second end of the collection conduit 95 being provided to receive the collection airflow from the nozzle 90, the collection airflow circulating in the collection conduit from the second end to the first end.

[0052] Tank 75 includes, in particular, a housing 100 and a barrier 105.

[0053] The 100 housing delimits a chamber intended to contain the liquid L.

[0054] The housing 100 separates the exterior of the tank 75 from the interior of the tank 75. The housing 100 is made, for example, of a metallic material such as stainless steel, or of a plastic material, depending on the environment of the vehicle 10. The material of the housing 100 must therefore be adapted to the environment, in particular, if the vehicle 10 operates in regions with extreme climates or if other equipment located near the collection device 25 could interfere with its operation.

[0055] The housing 100 has at least one side face 107 and at least one top face 108. The side face(s) 107 define(s) the reservoir 75 in a horizontal plane when the vehicle 10 is in operation. The top face 108 defines the reservoir 75 in a vertical direction when the vehicle 10 is in operation.

[0056] The housing 100 delimits at least one outlet 110 of the reservoir 75 and a return opening 112.

[0057] In addition, an unshown filling and / or draining port for tank 75 is also provided in housing 100.

[0058] Outlet 110 is configured to allow the collection airflow to flow from the reservoir 75 to the protective device 80 through outlet 110.

[0059] Outlet 110 is located above the liquid level L in the reservoir 75. In other words, outlet 110 is not immersed in the liquid L. For example, outlet 110 is provided in the upper face 108 of the housing 100.

[0060] The return opening 112 is separate from the outlet 110. For example, the return opening 112 is provided in a side face 107.

[0061] The barrier 105 is configured to prevent splashes of liquid L from reaching the outlet 110.

[0062] In addition, the barrier 105 is configured to allow the collection airflow to pass through the reservoir 75 from the collection organ 70 to the outlet 110.

[0063] The barrier 105 comprises, for example, a plate made of a metallic or plastic material. Alternatively, the barrier 105 comprises a grid delimiting a plurality of openings. Each of the openings has an area of, for example, between 0.5 square millimeters (mm²) and 2 mm², for example equal, to within 10%, to 1 mm².

[0064] For example, barrier 105 divides tank 75 into a first compartment 115 and a second compartment 120 and delimits a passage 125 linking the first compartment 115 to the second compartment 120.

[0065] Passage 125 is delimited by barrier 105 and by a lateral face 107. Passage 125 is designed to be traversed by the collection airflow.

[0066] The barrier 105 extends, for example, between a first end fixed to a side wall 107 or to the top wall 108 and a second end delimiting the passage 125.

[0067] The first end is positioned at a height greater than a height of the second end, each height being measured along a vertical direction from a single horizontal plane.

[0068] For example, the first end is positioned above the liquid level L and the second end is positioned below the liquid level L. In other words, the first end is above water and the second end is submerged. Thus, passage 125 is immersed in the liquid L.

[0069] Optionally, barrier 105 can be supplemented by another barrier 106.

[0070] Barrier 106, for example, comprises two plates delimiting a passage 127. Barrier 105 extends across passage 125. Thus, one of the two plates of barrier 106 is located in one of the compartments 115, 120, the other of the two plates being located in the other compartment 115, 120.

[0071] The barrier 106 is interposed between the liquid L and the outlet 110.

[0072] The two plates of the barrier 106 extend, for example, each from one lateral face 107 to another lateral face 107, these two lateral faces 107 being opposite each other.

[0073] In particular, the barrier 106 is placed above the return opening 112 and is emerged from the liquid L.

[0074] The barrier plates 106 are, for example, horizontal when the vehicle 10 is operating on a horizontal surface. Alternatively, the barrier plates 106 are each inclined from one end of the plate in contact with a lateral face 107 to another end delimiting the passage 127. This allows, in particular, the liquid L, which might be projected during the operation of the vehicle, to return to the bottom of the tank 75.

[0075] Barrier 106 is made, for example, of a metallic or plastic material.

[0076] Each plate of the barrier 106 is, for example, a solid plate, in particular unperforated. Alternatively, at least one of the plates of the barrier 106 is perforated and delimits a plurality of openings. In other words, the plate in question is a grid. The openings each have an area of, for example, between 0.5 square millimeters (mm²) and 2 mm².

[0077] The first compartment 115 is configured to accommodate at least partially the liquid L.

[0078] The collection organ 90 is configured to inject the collection airflow into the first compartment 115, specifically into the liquid L contained in the first compartment 115.

[0079] The second compartment 120 is at least partially filled with air. In particular, the second compartment 120 is not completely filled with liquid L.

[0080] Exit 110 leads into the second compartment, 120.

[0081] Thus, the reservoir 75 is configured so that the collection airflow circulates successively in the first compartment 115 (in particular in the liquid L contained in the first compartment 115), in the passage 125, and in the second compartment 120 to reach the outlet 110.

[0082] Liquid L is, for example, an aqueous solution. In particular, liquid L contains a surfactant. For example, liquid L is a mixture of water and a surfactant.

[0083] It should be noted that many types of L-liquids are likely to be used.

[0084] The term "surfactant" refers to a compound capable of modifying the surface tension of an interface between air and water, or between air and an aqueous solution. The term "surfactant" is sometimes replaced by the synonyms "surfactant" or "surface-active agent".

[0085] In particular, "aqueous solution" means a liquid L containing water, in particular a liquid L containing, by mass, at least 80 percent (%) of water, for example at least 95% water.

[0086] The protective element 80 is connected to the suction device 65 and is configured to conduct the collection airflow from the outlet 110 to the suction device 65.

[0087] The protective device 80 is configured to condense a vapor of the liquid L present in the collection airflow and to conduct the generated condensate to the reservoir 75.

[0088] The protection unit 80 includes a condenser 130 and a return duct 135. Optionally, the protection unit 80 also includes a filter 140. In particular, the filter 140 is interposed between the condenser 130 and the suction device 65, the condenser 130 being interposed between the filter 140 and the outlet 110 of the tank 75.

[0089] Condenser 130 is configured to be traversed by the collection airflow and to condense the vapor present in the collection airflow.

[0090] Condenser 130 is, for example, a separate-fluid condenser. Separate-fluid condensers are condensers comprising a refrigerant circuit, in which the collection airflow is separated from the refrigerant.

[0091] Condenser 130 is, for example, connected to outlet 110 by conduit 145. Conduit 145 is separate from return conduit 135.

[0092] The condenser 130 is also configured to inject or guide the condensate to the return line 135.

[0093] The return line 135 connects the condenser 130 to the return opening 112. In particular, the return line 135 is configured to conduct the condensate from the condenser 130 to the tank 75 via the return opening 112.

[0094] The return line 135 includes, for example, a valve 150 configured to be traversed by the condensate when the condensate flows from the condenser 130 to the tank 75 and configured to prevent a fluid, including liquid L and / or the collection airflow, from flowing in the return line 135 from the tank 75 to the condenser 130.

[0095] Optionally, a liquid level control system in the 75 tank and a liquid top-up tank can be added to maintain a constant liquid level.

[0096] The 140 filter is configured to retain particles present in the collection airflow. For example, the 140 filter includes at least one grid designed to be traversed by the collection airflow, with the grid mesh size being less than or equal to the maximum particle size.

[0097] The 140 filter is specifically configured to retain particles with a size greater than or equal to 15 µm, for example greater than or equal to 40 µm.

[0098] The operation of collection device 25 will now be described.

[0099] The suction device 65 generates a vacuum which causes the collection airflow to appear.

[0100] The collection airflow passes successively through the nozzle 90, the collection duct 95, the reservoir 75, the duct 145, the condenser 130, the filter 140 if present, and the suction duct 85 to reach the suction device 65.

[0101] The collection airflow, since it is collected near a brake pad 60, carries with it particles emitted during braking. Furthermore, the collection airflow naturally carries with it any other type of airborne particles in the area near the nozzle 90.

[0102] The collection airflow is conducted by the collection device 70 to the reservoir 75. In the reservoir 75, the collection airflow passes at least partially through the liquid L.

[0103] The particles present in the collection airflow are mostly trapped in the liquid L during the passage of the collection airflow through it.

[0104] Due to the presence of the barrier 105, the liquid L in the reservoir does not reach the outlet 110 even in the event of turbulence caused by the movement of the vehicle 10 or the suction of the device 65. This therefore prevents the liquid L from being drawn to the condenser 130 and / or to the suction device 65 and thus reduces the risk of damage to the suction device 65 and / or the pneumatic circuit 45 by the liquid L and advantageously to the filter 140.

[0105] The collection airflow then joins the condenser 130 via outlet 110.

[0106] It should be noted that the collection airflow, at the outlet of the reservoir 75, has a non-zero mass fraction of liquid L vapor, since the collection airflow has become laden with vapor during its passage through the liquid L. Furthermore, it also frequently happens that the collection airflow contains a non-zero mass fraction of vapor when it is collected by the collection device 70. Similarly, in the case of high heat, the collection airflow contains a non-zero mass fraction of vapor when it is contained within the reservoir 75.

[0107] The term "mass fraction" refers to a ratio between, in the denominator, a mass of a volume of the collecting airflow and, in the numerator, the mass of the vapor contained in the volume considered.

[0108] The vapor contained in the collection air stream is at least partially condensed in the condenser 130. The condensed vapor forms a condensate in liquid form.

[0109] In particular, the specific humidity of the air exiting condenser 130 must be less than 5 grams of water per kilogram of dry air to prevent condensation in the pneumatic system. This corresponds to a dew point temperature of 4°C.

[0110] At the outlet of condenser 130, the condensate is conveyed to reservoir 75 via return line 135.

[0111] At the outlet of the condenser 130, the collection airflow reaches the suction device 65, which injects the collection airflow into the pneumatic circuit 45.

[0112] Thanks to the invention, particles are collected without excessive pressure drop. Indeed, the liquid L effectively traps the particles contained in the collection airflow without causing a significant pressure drop. Furthermore, the liquid L can be easily changed when it becomes saturated with particles, but this saturation is very slow to occur, especially if the volume of liquid L is large.

[0113] Furthermore, the presence of the condenser 130 prevents the liquid level L in the reservoir 75 from decreasing too rapidly due to evaporation caused by the collection airflow. Therefore, maintenance of the collection device 25 remains minimal.

[0114] The barrier 105 also limits the losses of liquid L, and prevents the presence of liquid L downstream of the reservoir 75 from causing excessive pressure losses, which would limit the energy efficiency of the collection device 25. In addition, liquid L could limit the efficiency of the condenser 130 if it is present in too large a quantity.

[0115] The use of a return opening 112 separate from the outlet 110, and therefore a return duct 135 separate from the duct 145, means that the condensate does not flow in the same duct 145 as the collection airflow. This reduces the pressure losses experienced by the collection airflow and thus increases the energy efficiency of the collection device 25.

[0116] The valve 150 also prevents liquid L from reaching the suction device 65.

[0117] The filter 140, although optional, prevents particles that would not have been trapped by the liquid L from reaching the suction device 65 and / or the pneumatic circuit 45 and damaging either one.

[0118] A barrier 105, dividing the tank into two compartments and defining a passage connecting these two compartments, effectively blocks projections from one of the compartments and is easy to manufacture and install. In particular, the barrier 105 can then take the form of a simple plate or a grid with openings having an area between 0.5 mm² and 2 mm².

[0119] The presence of a valve on the suction line 85 or upstream of the suction device 65 prevents, for example in the event of a malfunction of the suction device 65, a flow of air or any other gas from flowing from the suction device 65 to the collection unit 70. Such a flow would, in particular, cause some of the liquid L to be ejected from the reservoir 75, or even from the collection device 25, and could therefore render this device 25 ineffective. Furthermore, the presence of a valve 158 on the collection line 95 also prevents the ejection of the liquid L or the loss of liquid L vapor in the event of high temperatures caused by the presence of equipment near the reservoir 75 or by weather conditions.

[0120] Using an aqueous solution as liquid L simplifies the replacement of liquid L and avoids the complexity inherent in using another type of liquid L that would be more difficult to produce, harder to obtain, or polluting. The manufacture and maintenance of the collection device 25 are therefore simplified.

[0121] A surfactant helps to trap particles in the liquid L more effectively by causing them to clump together. A surfactant can, in particular, be a flocculant.

[0122] The use of the pneumatic circuit 45 to operate the suction device 65 allows for greater simplicity of the vehicle 10, since such a pneumatic circuit is frequently already present in the vehicle 10. This also avoids adding any additional equipment which would increase the weight or bulk of the vehicle 10.

[0123] It should be noted that other embodiments in which the reservoir 75, the collection element 70 and the protection element 80 are configured so that the collection airflow passes through the liquid L are conceivable.

[0124] For example, barrier 105 includes a grid interposed between the liquid L and the outlet 110, the grid delimiting openings between 0.5 mm² and 2 mm². It is therefore unnecessary for barrier 105 to delimit a passage 125 since the grid can be traversed by the collection airflow while blocking the passage of droplets or splashes caused by turbulence in the reservoir 75. Furthermore, the presence of a barrier 106 in addition to barrier 105 improves the containment of the liquid L so that it does not reach the outlet 110.

[0125] In this case, the barrier 105 is horizontal when the vehicle 10 is in operation. Alternatively, the grille partially blocks the exit 110, for example by being fixed to the upper face 108.

[0126] A second example of vehicle 10 will now be described. The elements identical to the first example are not described again. Only the differences are highlighted.

[0127] The collection device 25 of the second example is shown on the figure 3 .

[0128] The tank 75 comprises a plurality of distinct chambers, for example two chambers 155 and 160. Each chamber is, for example, delimited by a respective casing 100.

[0129] Alternatively, at least two chambers 155, 160 are delimited by the same housing 100, as is the case on the figure 3 . In this case, the housing 100 includes, for example, a wall 162, in particular vertical, separating the two chambers from each other.

[0130] Each chamber 155, 160 contains liquid L, similarly to the first example of the figure 2 .

[0131] Each chamber 155, 160 is, for example, separated into two compartments 115, 120 by a barrier 105, and optionally contains a barrier 106.

[0132] The collection unit 70 is configured to inject the collection airflow into the first compartment 115 chamber 155.

[0133] Outlet 110 connects the second compartment 120 of chamber 160 to the condenser 130.

[0134] The return opening 112 connects the return duct 135 to chamber 160.

[0135] The second compartment 120 of chamber 155 is connected by a connecting conduit 165 to the first compartment 115 of chamber 160.

[0136] The connecting conduit 165 is, in particular, configured to inject the collection airflow into the liquid L contained in the first compartment 115 of chamber 160.

[0137] During the circulation of the collection airflow through the reservoir 75, the collection airflow is injected by the collection organ 70 into the liquid L contained in the first compartment 115 of the chamber 155.

[0138] The collection airflow then passes successively through passage 125 and the second compartment 120 of chamber 155 and the connecting conduit 165, is then injected through the connecting conduit 165 into the liquid L contained in the first compartment 115 of chamber 160 and passes through passage 125 and the second compartment 120 of chamber 160 to reach the outlet 110.

[0139] The second example of a collection device 25 allows the majority of the collected particles to be concentrated in the liquid L contained in the chamber 155. It is therefore less often necessary to replace the liquid L in the chamber 160, and the quantities of liquid L consumed during the use of the vehicle 10 are therefore reduced compared to the first example.

[0140] Alternatively or in addition, either of the previous examples of collection device 25 includes several collection components 70, for example each associated with a separate location of the vehicle 10, in particular each associated with a respective disc 40 and / or with one or more separate plate(s).

Claims

1. Public transport vehicle (10) including a suction device and a device (25) for collecting suspended particles, the collection device (25) being configured to collect suspended particles which result from the wear of a disc (40) and / or a pad (60) when the pad (60) rubs against the disc (40) and which are emitted during braking of the vehicle (10), characterised in that the device (25) includes a collection member (70), a tank (75) and a protection member (80), the tank (75) being configured to contain a liquid (L), the collection member (70) being configured to conduct an air flow containing the particles from the outside of the collection device (25) to the inside of the tank (75), the air flow successively passing through the collection member (70), the tank (75) and the protection member (80), the collection member (70), the tank (75) and the protection member (80) being configured for the air flow to pass through the liquid (L), the protection member (80) being connected to an outlet (110) of the tank (75), the outlet (110) being disposed above the level of the liquid (L) in the tank (75), the tank (75) further comprising a barrier (105) configured to prevent projections of the liquid (L) from reaching the outlet (110) of the tank (75), the barrier (105) being configured to allow the air flow to pass through the tank (75) from the collection member (70) to the outlet (110), the protection member (80) being configured to be connected to a suction device (65) suitable for generating the air flow, the protection member (80) being configured to conduct the flow from the outlet (110) of the tank (75) to the suction device (65), the protection member (80) including a condenser (130) configured to condense a vapour of the liquid (L) present in the air flow and to conduct the condensate generated from the condenser (130) to the tank (75).

2. Vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the tank (75) further includes a condensate return opening (112), the return opening (112) being distinct from the outlet (110), the protection member (80) comprising a return duct (135) configured to conduct the condensate to the tank (75) via the return opening (112).

3. Vehicle according to claim 2, wherein the return duct (135) includes a valve (150) configured to prevent a fluid from flowing from the tank (75) to the condenser (130) in the return duct (135).

4. Vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the protection member (80) further comprises a filter (140) configured to retain particles present in the air flow, the filter (140) being interposed between the condenser (130) and the suction device (65) when the protection member is connected to the suction device (65).

5. Vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the barrier (105) includes a grid, the grid delimiting in particular openings having an area between 0.5 square millimetres and 2 square millimetres.

6. Vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the barrier (105) divides a chamber of the tank (75) into a first compartment (115) and a second compartment (120), the first compartment (115) being configured to accommodate the liquid (L), the outlet (110) opening into the second compartment (120), the barrier (105) delimiting a passage (125) connecting the first compartment (115) to the second compartment (120) and is configured to be passed through by the air flow.

7. Vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the protection member (80) includes a suction duct (85) intended to connect the protection member (80) to the suction device (65), the suction duct (85) comprising a valve configured to prevent an air flow from circulating through the valve from the suction device (65) to the protection member (80).

8. Vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the liquid (L) is an aqueous solution, the solution containing in particular a surfactant.

9. Vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the tank (75) comprises at least two chambers (155, 160) connected in series, each chamber (155, 160) containing liquid (L), the collection member (70) being configured to inject the collection air flow into the liquid (L) contained in one of the chambers (155), the outlet (110) opening into another chamber (160).

10. Vehicle (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, including a pneumatic circuit (45) and a brake (50), the pneumatic circuit (45) being configured to control braking of the vehicle (10) by the brake (50), the suction device (65) being configured to be actuated by the pneumatic circuit (45).