FIRE WALL IN THE VEHICLE INTERIOR

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a fire-resistant partition for the interior of a vehicle.

[0002] For safety reasons, it is necessary to fireproof the walls of a vehicle, in particular the partitions delimiting compartments receiving electronic equipment. Publication WO2014 / 095620A1 discloses a fireproof partition according to the preamble of claim 1.

[0003] In the case of railway vehicles, for example, fire protection standards associated with fire barriers, such as European standard EN 45545-3 (version of August 2013), require that the partition between the driver's cab and the technical compartment of the engine located at the rear of the driver's cab be fire-resistant for at least 15 minutes.

[0004] To meet these requirements, it is known to install fireproof partitions made of thick plates. Thick plates are usually metal sheets, but can also be plates made of fireproof wood, cork, or a material containing silica.

[0005] For example, a 5 mm thick aluminum sheet can meet the 15-minute fire resistance requirement.

[0006] However, a sheet with such thickness has the disadvantage of being very heavy and expensive.

[0007] One of the aims of the invention is to provide a high-performance, lightweight and economical fire-resistant partition.

[0008] For this purpose, the invention relates to a fire-resistant partition according to claim 1.

[0009] Partially covering the first face of the plate with intumescent material provides satisfactory fire resistance while limiting the cost and weight of the fire partition, in particular by providing a thinner plate.

[0010] In particular embodiments, the fire partition comprises one or more of the following optional features and according to claims 2 to 8, taken individually or in any technically possible combination: the intumescent material has a degree of intumescence greater than 10 for a temperature exceeding 150°C; the intumescent material has a density greater than 1 g / cm 3< and / or less than 1.5 g / cm 3<, and more particularly substantially equal to 1.2 g / cm 3<; the second face of the plate is devoid of intumescent material covering this second face, or is covered with intumescent material, completely or only partially; the intumescent material located on the second face of the plate is arranged in strips of intumescent material; the strips located on the second face extend parallel to each other; the strips of intumescent material are distributed regularly on the second face; the second face of the plate has an alternation of grooves and bumps; the intumescent material is arranged in the grooves formed on the second face without covering the bumps;and the intumescent material is arranged on the second face with a thickness greater than 0.5 mm, in particular greater than 1 mm and / or less than 4 mm, in particular less than 3 mm.;

[0011] The invention also relates to a vehicle according to claim 9.

[0012] The invention will be better understood by reading the following description, given solely by way of example, and made with reference to the appended drawings, in which: there figure 1 is a front view of a fire partition comprising a plate partially covered with intumescent material; the figure 2 is a side view of the partition of the figure 1 before expansion of the intumescent material; the figure 3 is a side view of the partition of the figure 1 after expansion of the intumescent material; the figure 4 is a side view of another fire partition before expansion of the intumescent material; and the figure 5 is a side view of the partition of the figure 4 after expansion of the intumescent material.

[0013] There figure 1 illustrates a fire-resistant partition 10 for the interior of a vehicle. The vehicle is, for example, a railway vehicle or a road vehicle, such as a bus.

[0014] The fire-resistant partition 10 is, for example, intended to be fixed inside the body of the railway vehicle, to separate a driver's cab and a technical compartment containing electrical equipment.

[0015] The fire partition 10 comprises a plate 12 and intumescent material 14.

[0016] As illustrated in the figure 2 , the plate 12 has a first face 16 and a second face 18 opposite each other.

[0017] In the example of the fire partition 10 extending between the driver's cab and the technical room of the engine, the first face 16 extends for example on the side of the driver's cab and the second face 18 extends on the side of the technical room.

[0018] The plate 12 is for example a metal plate, in particular a flat sheet, as shown in the figures 2 And 3 .

[0019] Advantageously, the metal plate 12 is made of a light metal, in particular aluminum.

[0020] Alternatively, the plate 12 is made of a non-metallic material, for example fireproof wood, cork or a material comprising silica.

[0021] Preferably, the plate 12 has a thickness greater than 1 mm, in particular greater than 2 mm and / or a thickness less than 5 mm, in particular less than 4 mm.

[0022] As illustrated in the figure 2 , the intumescent material 14 is arranged on the first face 16 of the plate 12 and only partially covers the first face 16 of the plate 12.

[0023] The first face 16 of the plate 12 has at least one covered area 24, each covered area 24 being covered with intumescent material 14, and at least one uncovered area 26, each uncovered area 26 being free of intumescent material 14.

[0024] Advantageously, the first face 16 of the plate 12 has a plurality of covered zones 24 separated from each other by uncovered zones 26.

[0025] The intumescent material 14 is arranged on the first face 16 with a thickness E greater than 0.5 mm, in particular greater than 1 mm and / or less than 4 mm, in particular less than 3 mm.

[0026] According to the invention, the intumescent material 14 located on the first face 16 of the plate 12 is arranged in strips 28 of intumescent material.

[0027] Each strip 28 extends along an extension line of the strip 28 and has a width L taken perpendicular to this extension line.

[0028] Each strip 28 is advantageously of constant width L, the strips 28 preferably being of the same width L.

[0029] The strips 28 have, for example, a width L of between 10 mm and 100 mm.

[0030] The strips 28 advantageously extend parallel to each other.

[0031] In a particular embodiment, and as illustrated in the Figure 1 , the bands 28 are rectilinear and then extend in an extension direction.

[0032] As illustrated in the figure 1 , in an exemplary embodiment, the parallel strips 28 are distributed regularly on the first face 16 of the plate 12, with a constant spacing pitch P.

[0033] The spacing pitch P between two adjacent strips 28 is for example between 10 mm and 100 mm.

[0034] The uncovered areas 26 thus also define uncovered strips of the plate of width equal to the spacing pitch P between two adjacent strips 28.

[0035] The intumescent material 14 is a material that undergoes volume expansion upon exposure to high temperature. The intumescent material 14 undergoes volume expansion, for example by forming a microporous foam commonly referred to as a “meringue” with a volume greater than the volume before expansion and / or by forming filaments.

[0036] The degree of intumescence of an intumescent material 14 is defined as the ratio between the volume after expansion and the volume before expansion.

[0037] Advantageously, the intumescent material 14 has a degree of intumescence greater than 10, and advantageously greater than 20, in the event of exposure to a temperature greater than 150°C.

[0038] The intumescent material 14 preferably has a density greater than 1 g / cm 3< and / or less than 1.5 g / cm 3<, and more particularly substantially equal to 1.2 g / cm 3<.

[0039] The intumescent material 14 is, for example, a non-fibrous graphite-based material with an intumescence degree greater than 25.

[0040] In the event of a fire breaking out near the fire partition 10, the temperature exceeding 150°C, the strips 28 undergo a volume expansion.

[0041] Preferably, the intumescent material 14 covers the first face 16 of the plate 12 in such a way that the entirety of the first face 16 of the plate 12 is covered by the intumescent material 14 after exposure to a temperature substantially greater than 150°C and for a duration of at least a few minutes, as illustrated in the figure 3 .

[0042] The uncovered areas 26, which are initially not covered by the unexpanded intumescent material 14, are then covered by the intumescent material 14, after expansion thereof.

[0043] Such a fire partition 10 has good fire resistance performance.

[0044] For example, such a fire-resistant partition 10 comprising a 3 mm thick aluminium plate 12, the first face 16 of which is 50% covered with 2 mm thick strips28 of intumescent material, can resist fire for 15 minutes according to the conditions defined by the European standard EN 45545-3 (August 2013 version).

[0045] In addition, such a fire-resistant partition 10 has the advantage of being lightweight.

[0046] Indeed, for example, such a fire-resistant partition 10 comprising a 3 mm thick aluminum plate 12, the first face 16 of which is 50% covered with strips 28 of 2 mm thick intumescent materials, is approximately 30% lighter than a partition comprising only a 5 mm thick aluminum plate, for the same fire resistance.

[0047] The fireproof partition of the figures 4 And 5 differs from that of the figures 2 And 3in that the plate 12 is corrugated or crenellated so as to define on each of the first face 16 and second face 18 an alternation of grooves 20 and parallel bosses 22.

[0048] In the example illustrated on the figures 4 And 5 , the plate 12 is crenellated. It has a crenellated cross-section. Alternatively, it is corrugated and has a wave-shaped cross-section.

[0049] A groove 20 on the first face 16 corresponds to a boss 22 on the second face 18.

[0050] The intumescent material 14 is arranged on the first face 16 in the form of parallel strips 28, each strip 28 being housed in a groove 20 of the first face 16. The intumescent material 14 does not cover the bumps 22 defined between the grooves 20.

[0051] As illustrated in the figure 4 , the covered areas 24 are defined in the grooves 20 of the first face 16, while the uncovered areas 26 are defined in the bosses 22 of the first face 16.

[0052] Advantageously, the thickness E of the strips 28 glued in the grooves 20 of the first face 16 is less than the height H of the grooves 20. The intumescent material 14 is thus protected in the grooves 20 and does not come into contact with external elements, such as cables or other connectors, which could damage the strips 28.

[0053] As illustrated in the figure 5 , the strips 28 are arranged in the grooves 20 in such a way that when they expand, the intumescent material 14 first fills the grooves 20 and then covers the bumps 22 preferably entirely, in order to protect the entirety of the first face 16 of the plate.

[0054] The invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments described above, other exemplary embodiments being conceivable.

[0055] In the examples of realization of the figures 1 à 5 , only the first face 16 of the plate 12 is covered with intumescent material 14, the intumescent material 14 only partially covering the first face 16.

[0056] Optionally, as shown in dotted lines on the figures 2 à 5 the second face 18 of the plate 12 is also covered with intumescent material 14.

[0057] In this case, before expansion, the intumescent material 14 completely covers the second face 18 of the plate 12 or only partially covers the second face 18 of the plate 12.

[0058] Preferably, before expansion, the intumescent material 14 located on the second face 18 only partially covers the second face 18.

[0059] In an exemplary embodiment, the intumescent material 14 located on the second face 18 is arranged in an arrangement similar to that of the intumescent material 14 on the first face 16 of the plate 12.

[0060] The considerations indicated above relating to the arrangement of the intumescent material 14 on the first face 16 apply to the arrangement of the intumescent material 14 on the second face 18.

[0061] In a particular embodiment, as illustrated in the figures 2 And 3 , before expansion, the intumescent material 14 arranged on the second face 18 only partially covers the second face 18, being arranged in strips 28 of rectilinear, parallel intumescent material of the same width, with a constant spacing between the strips.

[0062] In another particular embodiment, as shown in the figures 4 And 5, before expansion, the intumescent material 14 arranged on the second face 18 only partially covers the second face 18, being arranged in the grooves 20 defined on the second face 18 without covering the bumps 22.

[0063] The intumescent material 14 has the same behavior on the second face 18 as that described previously for the first face 16.

[0064] Preferably, the intumescent material 14 is arranged such that after expansion, the intumescent material 14 completely covers the second face 16.

[0065] The covering of the first and second faces 16, 18 of the plate 12 offers the advantage of increasing the fire resistance of the fire partition 10, for example if the fire partition 10 separates two compartments containing electrical equipment.

[0066] Furthermore, according to the invention and as in the exemplary embodiments of the Figures 1 à 5, the intumescent material 14 only partially covering the first face 16, and, optionally only partially the second face 18, is arranged in strips 28 parallel to each other.

[0067] The arrangement in 28 parallel strips facilitates the deposition of the intumescent material 14.

[0068] This being the case, other arrangements of the intumescent material 14 on the first face 16 and / or on the second face 18 are conceivable for only partial covering defining covered areas 24 and uncovered areas 26.

[0069] In a particular embodiment, intumescent material 14 disposed on the first face 16 is arranged in the form of a matrix of dots or in a checkerboard pattern.

[0070] In any case, preferably, the intumescent material 14 is arranged so that each of the first face 16 and the second face 18 which is only partially covered by the intumescent material 14 before expansion, is entirely covered by the intumescent material 14 after expansion.

Claims

1. Vehicle interior fire partition (10), the fire partition (10) comprising: - a plate (12) having a first face (16) and a second face (18) opposite each other; and - intumescent material (14) only partially covering the first face (16) of the plate (12), characterised in that the intumescent material (14) is disposed on the first face (16) in strips (28).

2. Fire partition according to claim 1, wherein the plate (12) is metallic, in particular made of aluminium.

3. Fire partition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the plate (12) has a thickness greater than 1 mm, in particular greater than 2 mm and / or a thickness less than 5 mm, in particular less than 4 mm.

4. Fire partition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the strips (28) extend parallel to each other.

5. Fire partition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the strips (28) of intumescent material are evenly distributed on the first face (16).

6. Fire partition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the plate (12) is corrugated or crenellated so as to define, on each of the first face (16) and second face (18), an alternation of parallel grooves (20) and protrusions (22), the intumescent material (14) being disposed in the grooves (20) formed on the first face (16), without covering the protrusions (22).

7. Fire partition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the intumescent material (14) is disposed on the first face (16) with an inclusive thickness of more than 0.5 mm, in particular more than 1 mm and / or less than 4 mm, in particular less than 3 mm.

8. Fire partition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein intumescent material (14) at least partially covers the second face (18) of the plate (12).

9. Vehicle, in particular a railway vehicle, comprising at least one compartment receiving electronic equipment, said compartment being at least partially delimited by a fire partition (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 8.