Processing device, and processing element and wall cladding element for such a processing device

Abstract

Processing device (10) for processing material to be processed, comprising a stationary housing (20) with a feed opening (22) for feeding material to be processed and comprising a rotor (26) which is arranged in the stationary housing (20) so as to be rotatable about a substantially vertically extending rotor axis, wherein, adjacent to the outer circumference of a base element of the rotor (26), a plurality of bearing pins are fastened to the base element, with a processing element being mounted on each of said bearing pins, and wherein the radially outer ends of the processing elements form a processing gap with an inner circumferential wall of the stationary housing (20), characterized in that the free ends of the bearing pins are connected to one another via a connecting disc.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a processing device for processing material to be processed, comprising a stationary housing with a feed opening for supplying material to be processed and a rotor rotatably arranged in the stationary housing about a substantially vertical rotor axis, wherein a plurality of bearing journals are attached to the base element adjacent to the outer circumference of a base element of the rotor, on each of which a processing element is mounted, and wherein the radially outer ends of the processing elements form a processing gap with an inner circumferential wall of the stationary housing.

[0002] Such processing devices are marketed, for example, by the applicant under the names "Rotor Impact Mill RPM" and "Rotor Impact Mill RPMV". While the Rotor Impact Mill RPM is suitable for the comminution of slightly to moderately abrasive materials, especially minerals, and is used in particular for the production of sands for any purpose, for example for the concrete, asphalt and dry mortar industries, as well as for grinding fertilizers, the Rotor Impact Mill RPMV is used, for example, in the recycling industry, as it can be used to crush and separate composite materials, separating material mats and granulating and cleaning metals.

[0003] From US 982516 A, which is considered the closest prior art, a processing device for processing material is known, comprising a stationary housing with a feed opening for supplying material to be processed and a rotor rotatably arranged in the stationary housing about a substantially vertical rotor axis, wherein a plurality of bearing journals are attached to the base element adjacent to the outer circumference of a base element of the rotor, each journal supporting a processing element, and wherein the radially outer ends of the processing elements form a processing gap with an inner circumferential wall of the stationary housing. Furthermore, the free ends of the bearing journals are connected to each other via a connecting disk.

[0004] For further information on the state of the art, reference is made to DE 3013662 A1, US 2008 / 135660 A1 and DE 3017437 A1.

[0005] The processing device according to the invention is also intended for these types of material processing.

[0006] Both the RPM rotor impact mill and the RPMV rotor impact mill have proven themselves exceptionally well in practice. Nevertheless, there is a desire for further improvement of these processing devices, particularly with the aim of achieving more refined material processing.

[0007] It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a processing device of the type mentioned at the outset with which an improved processing result can be achieved.

[0008] This problem is solved according to the invention by a processing device according to claim 1.

[0009] In such a processing device, the free ends of the bearing journals are connected to each other via a connecting disc. The inner circumferential wall of the stationary housing is at least partially, preferably at least at the level of the processing elements, protected by wall cladding elements, which together with the radially outer ends of the processing elements form the processing gap.

[0010] In order to protect the inner circumferential wall from excessive wear even above the rotor, i.e., where the material to be processed impinges upon the inner circumferential wall, at least one wall cladding element has a first section designed and intended to extend substantially over the upper edge of the processing elements during operation of the processing device, and a second section designed and intended to extend a predetermined height beyond the rotor during operation of the processing device. Preferably, all wall cladding elements are designed in this manner.

[0011] The connecting disc provided according to the invention allows the forces occurring during material processing to be distributed more effectively across the entire rotor, i.e., the base element, the bearing journals attached to it, and the processing elements mounted on them. This allows the rotor to be operated at a higher speed, which in turn results in improved processing performance.

[0012] To avoid excessively increasing the rotor's weight, it is proposed that the connecting disc be designed as an annular disc. This design has proven entirely sufficient in tests. The forces occurring during material preparation are primarily transferred by the processing elements into the bearing journals in the circumferential direction of the rotor, so that mutual support of the bearing journals in the circumferential direction of the rotor is sufficient to achieve the desired effect.

[0013] To further improve the reprocessing result, it is proposed that the wall cladding elements be rigidly connected to the inner perimeter wall of the stationary housing, for example, by screws. This would reduce, if not completely eliminate, changes in the width of the reprocessing gap caused by movement of the wall cladding elements relative to the inner perimeter wall of the stationary housing. This also contributes to a more uniform and thus improved reprocessing result.

[0014] As with the rotor impact mills RPM and RPMV, it is also advantageous in the processing device according to the invention if at least one wall cladding element has a plurality of ribs extending substantially vertically over at least part of the height of the processing elements, preferably over their entire height. These ribs increase the stress on the material being processed and thus improve the processing result.

[0015] Furthermore, as with the rotor impact mills RPM and RPMV, it is also advantageous in the processing device according to the invention if the processing elements are U-shaped, wherein the free ends of the U-shape form the radially outer ends of the respective processing element, and the processing elements with the central section of the U-shape are held on the associated bearing journal only by the centrifugal forces occurring during operation from the radial inside, so that they can freely move radially inwards to avoid process forces acting on them from the processing gap if necessary.

[0016] In order to further improve the processing result, it is proposed that a wedge-shaped projection be provided on the inside of the U-shape of the processing element, which engages in a wedge-shaped recess of the bearing journal or an adapter element mounted on the bearing journal, which is designed to correspond to the wedge-shaped projection.

[0017] The interaction of the wedge surfaces of the wedge-shaped projection with the wedge surfaces of the correspondingly shaped wedge-shaped recess makes it difficult for the processing element to tilt about a substantially vertical axis. Such tilting would cause one radially outer end of the processing element to approach the inner circumferential wall of the stationary housing and the other radially outer end to move away from the inner circumferential wall, thus changing the width of the processing gap. This stabilization of the processing element's mounting also contributes to a more uniform and therefore improved processing result.

[0018] The opening angle of the wedge shape can be between approximately 120° and 140°, preferably approximately 130°.

[0019] In a further development of the design of the processing elements, it is proposed that two sections of the processing element adjacent to, and preferably directly adjoining, the radially outer ends of the processing element run essentially parallel to each other. In this way, the distance between the two radially outer ends does not change even if the processing element wears down.

[0020] The aforementioned tilting of the processing element about a substantially vertical axis can be further made more difficult by the fact that the inner surfaces of the substantially parallel sections bear against the substantially parallel side surfaces of the bearing journal. This allows the processing element to be guided in a substantially radial direction over a length of at least 35 mm, preferably at least 50 mm.

[0021] Furthermore, by making it more difficult for the processing element to tilt about an essentially vertical axis, the risk of the processing element detaching from its bearing journal during operation and damaging the processing device can be reduced.

[0022] Furthermore, it may be provided that a plurality of adapter elements are supplied, which differ from one another in terms of the distance between the wedge tips of the wedge shape of the wedge-shaped recess facing the conditioning element and the wedge-shaped projection facing the bearing journal. From this set of adapter elements, the appropriate adapter element for the specific application can be selected. This also compensates for wear-related changes in the length of the conditioning element. In conjunction with the essentially parallel course of the sections of the conditioning element adjacent to its radially outer ends, the conditioning conditions in the conditioning gap can also be kept at least approximately constant even when the conditioning element is worn.The aforementioned distance can vary, for example, in increments of a few millimeters, such as 4 mm increments.

[0023] Regarding the processing elements, it should also be added that, due to the symmetry of their U-shape, it is possible to ensure uniform wear of the radially outer ends of the processing elements by reversing the direction of rotation of the rotor.

[0024] Furthermore, at least one processing element may be designed symmetrically with respect to a horizontal plane. This additional symmetry makes it possible to reverse the processing elements vertically during maintenance of the processing device, thus ensuring more uniform wear. Preferably, all processing elements exhibit this symmetry.

[0025] According to a first alternative embodiment of the processing device according to the invention, it can be provided that a distribution element, preferably conically shaped, is arranged on the base element of the rotor, which deflects material to be processed that is fed in a substantially vertical direction with respect to the substantially vertical rotor axis.

[0026] Upon impact with the rotor, the material to be processed is accelerated outwards by centrifugal forces, gripped by the processing elements, and hurled against the inner circumferential wall of the stationary housing. Here, it is crushed by impact and shear action. The material rebounding from the inner circumferential wall of the stationary housing is again gripped by the processing elements, crushed by another impact, and hurled back against the inner circumferential wall of the stationary housing. This process is repeated several times, resulting in intensive, repeated stress on the material being processed. The processed material exits the rotor through an outlet gap between the rotor and the inner circumferential wall of the stationary housing, located below the processing gap.

[0027] However, according to a second alternative embodiment of the processing device according to the invention, it can also be provided that the material to be processed, which is fed in essentially vertically, is fed to the upper surface of the connecting disc or an element connected to it.

[0028] Upon impact with the upper surface of the connecting disc or the element connected to it, the material to be processed is evenly distributed across this surface by centrifugal forces and accelerated radially outwards. There, it enters the processing gap between the processing elements and the inner circumferential wall of the stationary housing via an entry gap between the inner circumferential wall and the connecting disc or the element connected to it. As it passes through the processing gap, the material to be processed is subjected to impact, tensile, compressive, and shear stresses, which break down composites, comminute brittle components, and deform ductile components, particularly by spherizing them. A particular advantage of this second alternative embodiment is that the entire height of the processing gap can be utilized for processing the material.

[0029] Furthermore, it should be noted that wall cladding elements developed in this way can also be used in the first alternative embodiment. Thus, it is possible to convert the processing device according to the invention between the first and second alternative embodiments.

[0030] In In a further development of the wall cladding element, it is proposed that at least one substantially vertical rib provided in the first section extends into the second section, and preferably over the entire height of the second section. The at least one rib extending into the second section serves as a barrier designed to slow down material to be processed, which, upon radial acceleration, also acquires a circumferential velocity component, in order to facilitate its entry into the processing gap.

[0031] Furthermore, it is proposed that at least one substantially vertical rib provided in the first section terminates at a position which, during operation of the processing device, is located at least at the level of the upper edge of the processing elements, but at most at the level of the upper surface of the rotor. This further development provides the inlet gap adjacent to the upper surface of the rotor with a section of greater width, which facilitates the entry of material to be processed into the processing gap.

[0032] Furthermore, the upper edge of at least one rib may be designed with a finishing surface that slopes away from the wall cladding element and from the second section to the first section. This finishing surface serves as a guide slope for the material being processed, facilitating its transfer from the wider section to the narrower section.

[0033] For example, the wall cladding element can have four substantially vertical ribs, of which the two outer ribs extend only over the height of the first section, while the two inner ribs extend into the second section and preferably over the entire height of the wall cladding element. Furthermore, in the second section, an opening for an upper fastening screw can be provided between the two inner ribs, and in the first section, an opening for a lower fastening screw can be provided between each of the two pairs of ribs formed by an outer and an inner rib, for fastening the wall cladding element to the inner perimeter wall of the stationary housing. Adjacent to the openings, an enlarged recess can also be provided, which serves to receive the head of the respective fastening screw.In this way, the fastening screws can each be protected from damage by the material being processed by a pair of ribs.

[0034] To achieve complete protection of the inner perimeter wall of the stationary enclosure by the wall cladding elements, it is further proposed that the wall cladding elements be designed with overlapping projections along their side edges. For example, at least one wall cladding element can have a shoulder extending substantially over the entire height of the wall cladding element along both of its side edges, the thickness of which is substantially equal to half the thickness of a base plate of the wall cladding element. One shoulder is located adjacent to the surface of the wall cladding element that rests against the inner perimeter wall of the stationary enclosure when the wall cladding element is installed, while the other shoulder is located away from this surface.

[0035] InFurther development of the invention proposes that at least one wear protection element is arranged on the upper surface of the base element of the rotor or / and the lower surface of the connecting disc or / and the upper surface of the connecting disc or / and the outer circumferential surface of the connecting disc or / and the inner circumferential surface of the connecting disc or / and the radially outer surface of the bearing journal.

[0036] The following refers to a processing element and a wall cladding element for the processing device according to the invention. Regarding the structure and function of this processing element and wall cladding element, reference is made to the preceding discussion of the processing device according to the invention.

[0037] The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawing, using two exemplary embodiments. It illustrates: Figure 1 shows a perspective view of an embodiment of the processing device according to the invention; Figure 2 shows a perspective cross-sectional view of a tower unit of the processing device. Figure 1 Figure 3 shows a perspective view of a rotor of the processing device according to the invention without any processing and wear protection elements attached to it; Figure 4 shows a perspective view of the rotor made of Figure 3 with attached processing and wear protection elements; Figure 5 a perspective cross-sectional view of the rotor made of Figure 4 Figure 6 shows a perspective cross-sectional view of a detail of the rotor. Figure 4 , where the rotor is shown in horizontal section; Figure 7 a top view of a section of the rotor detail made of Figure 6Figure 8 shows a perspective view of an embodiment of the wall cladding element according to the invention; Figure 9 shows a perspective rear view of the wall cladding element made of Figure 8 Figure 10: A perspective view of an embodiment of a bearing journal wear protection element; Figure 11: An embodiment of a wear protection element for the outer circumferential surface of the connecting washer; Figure 12: A perspective cross-sectional view similar to the above. Figure 2 the tower unit of a second embodiment having an upper wear protection plate.

[0038] Figure 1 Figure 1 shows the processing device 10 according to the invention, which comprises a tower unit 12 and a drive unit 14 arranged on a vibration isolation unit 16. The vibration isolation unit 16 is in turn supported by a base 18, which can be connected, for example, to the foundation of a factory building or to other components of a processing plant.

[0039] The turret unit 12 comprises a stationary housing 20, which is located in the Figure 1 In the illustrated embodiment, the device is essentially cylindrical and has a feed opening 22 at its upper end to allow the material to be processed to be introduced into the processing device 10. The material processed by the processing device 10 according to the invention can then leave the processing device 10, for example, through the base 18, which is located in the Figure 1 The illustrated embodiment of the processing device 10 according to the invention thus also serves as a material discharge 24.

[0040] Figure 2 shows a side cross-sectional view of tower unit 12 from Figure 1 , wherein the sectioning plane passes through a central axis formed by the cylindrical shape of the stationary housing 20. It is made of Figure 2It can be seen that the stationary housing 20 defines an inner cavity into which the supply opening 22 opens. In A rotor 26 is accommodated in the cavity of the stationary housing 20, which is connected at its underside to an upper end of a drive shaft 30 by means of reinforcing elements 28, the drive shaft being supported by a bearing 32 in which Figure 2 In the illustrated embodiment, the drive shaft 30 is rotatably mounted by means of an oil-lubricated bearing. A pulley 34 is provided at a lower end of the drive shaft 30, which is non-rotatably connected to the drive shaft 30 and is connected to a corresponding output shaft of the drive unit 14 via a belt, for example a V-belt. The unit driving the output shaft of the drive unit 14 is designed as an electric motor in the embodiment shown here.

[0041] The stationary housing 20 of the tower unit 12 is divided into a lid unit 36 ​​and a pot unit 38, wherein the lid unit 36 ​​can be lifted from the pot unit 38 by a pivoting device 40 and pivoted away from the pot unit 38 or pivoted towards the pot unit 38 and lowered onto it.

[0042] In the Figures 3 to 5 The rotor 26 is shown without the other components of the processing device 10. As in Figure 3As can be seen, the rotor 26 comprises a base element 44 on which bearing journals 46 are arranged, extending upwards from a substantially horizontal upper surface of the base element 44 in a substantially vertical orientation. The bearing journals 46 are connected to each other at their upper surface by means of an annular connecting disk 48. Through the connection of the bearing journals 46 via both the connecting disk 48 and the base element 44, forces acting on a single bearing journal 46 are also distributed to the other bearing journals 46.

[0043] The bearing pins 46 are connected to both the base element 44 and the connecting disc 48 via fastening screws 50 (of which in Figure 3(only two have been provided with reference numerals) are connected. In order to prevent the fastening screws 50 from being subjected to forces acting transversely to a screw longitudinal direction of the fastening screws 50, in addition to the holding force they exert between the connecting disc 48 and the bearing journals 46 or between the bearing journals 46 and the base element 44, the bearing journals 46 are further connected to the base element 44 or to the connecting disc 48 via fastening bolts 52, wherein the fits between the fastening bolts 52 and the corresponding recesses are always selected such that forces acting on a bearing journal 46, apart from the holding forces mentioned above, are transmitted via the bolts 52, and not via the fastening screws 50, to the connecting disc 48 or to the base element 44.the base element 44 and thus distributed to the remaining bearing journals 46.

[0044] The bearing journals 46 have a V-shaped recess 54 on their radially inner side with respect to the base element 44. On their side opposite the V-shaped recess 54, the bearing journals 46 have receptacles 42 for bearing journal wear protection elements 56, as shown in the Figures 3 to 5 depicted. From Figure 4 It can further be seen that the base element 44 is provided on its upper surface with a wear-resistant plate 58 and on its outer circumference with first wear-resistant elements 60. The essentially circular base element 44 is connected on its upper surface in the region of its center to an annular wear-resistant plate 62, as e.g. in Figure 5The rotor 46 can be identified as having a central opening that accommodates a wear protection element with a conical mandrel 64. In the illustrated embodiment, the conical mandrel of the corresponding wear protection element 64 has a central through-opening through which at least the wear protection element with conical mandrel 64 can be connected to the drive shaft 30 via a fastening screw 66. This allows the rotor 46 to be attached to the drive shaft 30 at least in one axial direction.

[0045] In the Figures 4 and 5 It can further be seen that the connecting disc 48 has a plurality of second wear protection elements 68 connected to it on its underside and a plurality of third wear protection elements 70 connected to it on its outer circumference. On its upper side, the connecting disc 48 has an upper wear protection plate 72, wherein in the Figures 2 to 5A first embodiment of this upper wear protection plate 72 is shown. Analogous to the connection of the connecting disc 48 or the base element 44 with the bearing journals 46, at least the upper wear protection plate 72, and optionally also the other wear protection elements, is connected to the connecting disc 48 via bolts 74 and fastening screws 76, the bolts 74 being designed to absorb the horizontal components of the forces acting on the upper wear protection plate 72. The Figures 2 to 5 The illustrated embodiment of the upper wear protection plate 72 has a central through-opening 78 with essentially the same diameter as the central opening of the annular connecting disc 48.

[0046] Furthermore, in the Figures 4 and 5 To identify processing elements 80, which, as in the Figure 6 and 7The components shown are essentially U-shaped. A central section of the U-shape, connecting the two free legs of the U-shape, is spaced from the associated bearing journal 46 in a radial direction to the base element 44, optionally using adapter elements 82. The adapter elements 82 have a V-shaped recess on their radially inner side relative to the base element 44, which corresponds to a V-shaped projection on a side of the central section of the U-shape of the processing elements 80 that points towards the free legs of the U-shape, so that in the assembled state the V-shaped projection of a processing element 80 engages in the V-shaped recess of an associated adapter element 82. On their radially outer side, the adapter elements 82 have V-shaped projections that can engage with the V-shaped recesses 54 on the bearing journal 46.

[0047] In Figure 7It can also be seen that the inner surfaces of the free legs of the U-shape of the processing elements 80 run essentially parallel to each other, and in the embodiment shown here they are slidably mounted on two side surfaces of an associated bearing pin wear protection element 56.

[0048] The processing elements 80 are designed to be manufactured using a casting process.

[0049] The Figure 6 and 7 show that an inner circumferential wall of the stationary housing 20 of the tower unit 12, in particular the pot unit 38, is provided with wall cladding elements 84. The wall cladding elements 84 are shown in greater detail in the Figure 8 and 9The wall cladding elements 84 are curved in such a way that they can be installed running circumferentially along the inner circumferential surface of the stationary housing 20 and adjacent to one another. In In the embodiment shown here, a wall cladding element 84 has four parallel ribs 86 on each of its radially inner surfaces, wherein the two outer ribs 86 extend only over a first region 88, while the two inner ribs 86 extend over both the first region 88 and partially over a second region 90. The end faces of the two outer ribs 86 facing the second region 90 are inclined such that they run radially inwards in the direction of the first region 88. Between each outer rib 86 and the adjacent middle rib 86, there is a recess 92 in the first region 88 for a fastening screw 94 (as shown in Figure 1). Figure 6 and 7(shown) provided. A further recess 92 for a fastening screw 94 is provided in the second area 90 between the two middle ribs 86. On their side surfaces running perpendicular to the circumferential direction, the wall cladding elements 84 are provided with projections 95 such that, in the installed state of the wall cladding elements 84, two adjacent wall cladding elements 84 overlap each other (see Figures 6 to 9 ).

[0050] Figure 9Figure 1 shows a rear view of the wall cladding element 84, in which the three recesses 92 for the fastening screws 94 are visible. Each recess 92 is surrounded by a projection 96. The projections 96 serve as spacers to the inner circumferential surface of the stationary housing 20. A defined contact area is thus formed between the inner circumferential surface of the stationary housing 20 and the projections 96 of the wall cladding elements 84. If the inner circumferential surface of the stationary housing 20 is provided with recesses corresponding to the projections 96, the projections 96 of the wall cladding elements 84 can also serve to position the wall cladding elements 84 on the inner circumferential surface of the stationary housing 20.

[0051] The following describes the operation of the processing device 10.

[0052] Material to be processed, which is fed into the stationary housing 20 of the tower unit 12 via the feed opening 22, falls onto the base element 44 or onto the wear protection elements and wear protection plates attached to it. Due to the rotation of the rotor 26, which is driven by the drive unit 14, a V-belt (not shown), and the drive shaft 30, the material to be processed impacting the rotor is accelerated radially outwards, so that it either strikes a wall cladding element 84 or a processing element 80 and can be shredded there. Material rebounding from the wall cladding elements 84 is captured by the outer surfaces of the free legs of the U-shape of the processing elements 80 and further shredded.Material present in the area of ​​the wall cladding elements 84 can be captured by the tips of the free ends of the U-shape of the processing elements 80, which form a processing gap 98 (see . Figure 6 and 7 ) define in which the material to be processed is further subjected to shear stress and can thus be further reduced in size. Sufficiently reduced material then falls through an outlet gap 100 between the wall cladding elements 84 and the wear protection elements attached to the base element 44, in particular the lower wear protection plate 58, into an area below the base element 44, from where the processed material can be discharged from the processing device 10 via the material discharge 24.

[0053] All elements serving as wear protection can be replaced if necessary. In particular, if the tips of the U-shaped preparation elements 80 wear down and the preparation gap 98 enlarges as a result, the preparation gap 98 can be adjusted by radially repositioning the preparation elements 80. To achieve radial repositioning of the preparation elements 80, the adapter elements 82 can be replaced with nearly identical adapter elements 82', which differ only in the distance between the V-shaped recess and the V-shaped projection. By selecting an adapter element with a suitable distance between the V-shaped recess and the V-shaped projection, the respective preparation element 80 can be positioned radially to achieve the desired preparation gap 98.

[0054] The Figures 10 and 11Two wear protection elements are shown as examples, whereby Figure 10 a bearing journal wear protection element 56 and Figure 11 A third wear protection element 70, which serves to protect the outer circumferential surface of the connecting disc 48. The wear protection elements 56 and 70 each comprise a carrier 56a or 70a, which is made, for example, of metal, onto which a hard weld coating 56b or 70b is applied, which serves as an impact layer for impacting material.

[0055] In Figure 12 A second embodiment of a processing device according to the invention, or its tower unit with rotor, is shown, which is essentially the same as the processing device 10 according to Figures 1 to 11 corresponds, differing mainly in the embodiment of the upper wear protection plate from the previously described processing device 10. Therefore, in Figure 12analogous parts are marked with the same reference symbols as in Figures 1 to 11 , however increased by 100. The processing device 110 according to Figure 12 will therefore only be described below insofar as it differs from the embodiment according to Figures 1 to 11 distinguishes, whereby otherwise expressly reference is made to the description of the embodiment according to Figures 1 to 11 referred.

[0056] The in Figure 12 The illustrated tower unit 112 comprises a stationary housing 120 in which a rotor 126 is received, these elements being analogous to the embodiment described above. An annular connecting disk 148 is arranged on a plurality of bearing journals 146, and an upper wear protection plate 172 is arranged on this connecting disk.

[0057] In contrast to the annular upper wear protection plate 72 of the processing device 10, the upper wear protection plate 172 of the processing device 110 is essentially disc-shaped. This means that material to be processed, which is introduced into the stationary housing 120 of the tower unit 112 through a feed opening 122, does not fall directly onto a base element 144 or onto wear protection elements attached to it, but first onto the upper wear protection plate 172. From there, the material to be processed, analogous to the material to be processed described above, which impacts and is accelerated on the base element 44 of the processing device 10, is accelerated radially outwards by a rotation of the rotor 126. At an outer circumferential wall of the stationary housing 120, the material to be processed encounters wall cladding elements 184, which are identical to the wall cladding elements 84 described above.The wall cladding elements 184 are arranged in relation to the upper wear protection plate 172 in such a way that a first area 188 (see reference numeral 88 in . Figure 8 ) the wall cladding elements 184 are arranged below the top surface of the upper wear protection plate 172, so that material to be processed is located in a second area 190 (see reference numeral 90 in Figure 8 The material from the wall cladding elements 184 impacts the wall cladding elements 184 and ideally undergoes an initial material crushing process there. The material to be processed can then fall from the second area 190 of the wall cladding elements 184 into the first area 188 of the wall cladding elements 184, which is facilitated by the different design of the second area 190 compared to the first area 188 of the wall cladding elements 184 described above, in order to be processed there accordingly as described above.

[0058] In Figure 12 It can also be seen that a drive device 173 is arranged on the upper wear protection plate 172, which in the embodiment shown here is cross-shaped. The drive device 173 is connected to the upper wear protection plate 172 via projections and / or fastening screws and associated recesses. The drive device 173 prevents the upper wear protection plate 172 from moving under the material being processed without imparting a sufficient radial acceleration component to it.

[0059] Since the material to be processed, which is introduced into the stationary housing 120, cannot fall centrally onto the base element 144, there is no need to provide the radially innermost wear protection element on the base element 144 with a conical mandrel, such as the wear protection element with conical mandrel 64 of the processing device 10, in order to distribute the material to be processed from the center outwards.

[0060] It should also be added that the connecting disc 148, which is located in the Figure 12 The embodiment shown is identical to the connecting disc 48, and when using a circular disc-shaped upper wear protection plate 172, it can also be circular disc-shaped, for example.

Claims

1. Processing device (10, 110) for processing material to be processed, comprising a stationary housing (20, 120) having a feed opening (22, 122) for feeding material to be processed, and a rotor (26, 126) that is arranged in the stationary housing (20, 120) so as to be rotatable about a substantially vertical rotor axis, wherein a plurality of bearing pins (46, 146) is fastened to a base element (44, 144) so as to be adjacent to the outer circumference of the base element (44, 144) of the rotor (26, 126), on each of which bearing pins (46, 146) a processing element (80) is mounted, and wherein the radially outer ends of the processing elements (80), together with an inner circumferential wall of the stationary housing (20, 120), form a processing gap (98), wherein the free ends of the bearing pins (46, 146) are interconnected by means of a connecting plate (48, 148), wherein the inner circumferential wall of the stationary housing (20, 120) is protected at least in part, preferably at least at the height of the processing elements (80), by wall lining elements (84, 184) which, together with the radially outer ends of the processing elements (80), form the processing gap (98), characterized in that at least one wall lining element (84, 184) has a first portion (88, 188) that is designed and intended to extend substantially above the upper edge of the processing elements (80) during operation of the processing device (10, 110), and a second portion (90, 190) that is designed and intended to extend beyond the rotor (26, 126) by a specified height during operation of the processing device (10, 110).

2. Processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the connecting plate (48, 148) is formed as a ring wheel.

3. Processing device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the wall lining elements (84, 184) are immovably connected, for example screwed, to the inner circumferential wall of the stationary housing (20, 120).

4. Processing device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that at least one wall lining element (84, 184) comprises a plurality of substantially vertical ribs (86) at least over a portion of the height extension of the processing elements (80), preferably over the entire height extension thereof.

5. Processing device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the processing elements (80) are U-shaped, the free ends of the U-shape forming the radially outer ends of the relevant processing element (80), and the central portion of the U-shape of the processing elements (80) being held, from the inside in the radial direction, on the associated bearing pin (46, 146) only by means of the centrifugal forces occurring during operation, wherein, preferably, a wedge-shaped projection is provided on the inside of the U-shape of the processing element (80), which projection engages in a wedge-shaped recess (54) of the bearing pin (46, 146) that is formed so as to correspond to the wedge-shaped projection, or on an adapter element (82) mounted on the bearing pin (46, 146).

6. Processing device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that two portions of the processing element (80) that are adjacent to, preferably directly connected to, the radially outer ends of the processing element (80) extend so as to be substantially mutually parallel, wherein, preferably, inner surfaces of the substantially mutually parallel portions are in contact with likewise substantially mutually parallel side faces of the bearing pin (46, 146).

7. Processing device according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that a plurality of adapter elements (82) are provided, which elements differ from one another in terms of the spacing between the wedge tips of the wedge of the wedge-shaped recess facing the processing element (80) and the wedge-shaped projection facing the bearing pin (46, 146).

8. Processing device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that at least one processing element (80) is designed so as to be symmetrical with respect to a horizontal plane.

9. Processing device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that a, preferably conically formed, distribution element (64) is arranged on the base element (44, 144) of the rotor (26, 126), which distribution element diverts material to be processed, which material is fed in substantially vertically, in a substantially radial direction relative to the substantially vertical rotor axis, or that the material to be processed that is fed in substantially vertically is fed to the upper surface of the connecting plate (48, 148) or of an element (72, 172) connected thereto.

10. Processing device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that at least one substantially vertical rib (86) that is provided in the first portion (88, 188) extends into the second portion, and preferably over the entire height of the second portion (90, 190).

11. Processing device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that at least one substantially vertical rib (86) that is provided in the first portion (88, 188) ends at a position which, during operation of the processing device (10, 110), is at least at the height of the upper edge of the processing elements (80) but no higher than the height of the upper surface of the rotor (26, 126), wherein, preferably, the upper edge of the at least one rib (86) is formed having a termination surface that extends obliquely away from the wall lining element (84, 184) and in the direction from the second portion (90, 190) to the first portion (88, 188).

12. Processing device according to any one of claims 1 and 11, characterized in that the lateral edges of the wall lining elements (84, 184) comprise projections that mutually overlap in pairs.

13. Processing device according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that at least one wear-protection element (56, 58, 60, 68, 70, 72, 172) is arranged on the upper surface of the base element (44, 144) of the rotor (26, 126) and / or on the lower surface of the connecting plate (48, 148) and / or on the upper surface of the connecting plate (48, 148) and / or on the outer circumferential surface of the connecting plate (48, 148) and / or on the inner circumferential surface of the connecting plate (48, 148) and / or on the radially outer surface of the bearing pins (46, 146).

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