brazier

Abstract

A brazier (1), composed of a container (2) provided with an upper opening (3) and with a series of openings (4) on the lateral faces (5) and on the lower face (6). At the region (7) that surrounds externally the upper opening (3) there are one or more ports (12) adapted to distribute a blade (13) of combustion air above the upper opening (3).

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a brazier, usable for example in a pellet-fueled stove.

[0002] Heating apparatuses, such as in particular stoves or boilers, are currently known which can be supplied with solid fuel, for example wood or pellets, and are used extensively to heat air and / or water of dwelling spaces.

[0003] These apparatuses of the known type usually comprise a containment structure which accommodates respectively a combustion chamber, an electric lighter, a storage tank for the solid fuel, means for moving the fuel in the combustion chamber, a first pumping means or fan, for moving the combustion air by propulsion or suction, an air-to-air heat exchanger and a second pumping means or fan for the forced exchange of heat and the conveyance of warm air into the domestic environment.

[0004] The combustion chamber usually accommodates a brazier inside which the fuel is deposited by means of adapted devices usually of the screw feeder type. Examples of the prior art are disclosed in WO 2020 / 176883 A1, EP 3614047 A1, WO2021 / 077147 A1,

[0005] DE 20 2019003485 U1, GB 2 501 875 A and DE 20 2006 007860 U1.

[0006] The combustion air is drawn externally with respect to the containment structure by virtue of the action of first pumping means, such as for example a first bladed fan which can be driven by an electrically powered motor, and is conveyed through an intake duct at the brazier; here, by virtue of appropriate lighting means, combustion is triggered and generates burnt gases at high temperature.

[0007] The gases then transit into a heat exchanger, which is usually arranged downstream of the combustion chamber, in order to exchange heat with the containment structure of the apparatus, which in turn dissipates it, by radiation and / or by natural convection, into the domestic environment of installation.

[0008] Optionally, second pumping means, such as a second fan which can be driven by an electric motor, can be provided in order to distribute heat in the outside environment in a forced convective manner, improving the thermal performance of the apparatus and allowing to heat even spaces other than the installation space.

[0009] The combustion gases are expelled from the apparatus through an adapted discharge duct, by virtue of the action of said first pumping means.

[0010] Actuation and control means, such as an appropriately programmed electronic board, are generally provided to manage and coordinate the various electrical user devices provided in the apparatus in order to allow their correct operation.

[0011] WO 01 / 23808 is known, for example, which describes a solution related to a pellet-fueled brazier which comprises a brazier to the side of which a pressurized container is arranged which is provided with two outputs, one arranged above the brazier and one arranged below the brazier, for the combustion air.

[0012] The drawbacks of the background art substantially consist in that the means adapted to supply additional air to the brazier, in addition to the classic distribution of air through adapted lower and lateral holes of the brazier, are localized and aimed only at increasing the excess air quantity, without modifying the state of the fluid-dynamics combustion motions, for example by means of a confinement or uniform stirring.

[0013] In the solution according to the cited prior art document, in fact, the entry of the air on a single side of the brazier is unable to provide confinement or expansion of the flame but instead only supplies air to the burning pellet embers.

[0014] In the background art, finally, pollutants are generated which are typically a secondary product of the combustion of the biomass.

[0015] The aim of the present invention is therefore to solve the described technical problems, eliminating the drawbacks of the cited background art and thus providing an invention that allows to achieve an alteration of the fluid-dynamics motions of the flame inside the brazier.

[0016] Within this aim, an object of the invention is to provide a brazier in which the flame remains more confined and hotter.

[0017] Another object is to provide a brazier in which the mentioned alteration of the fluid-dynamics motions of the flame inside the brazier allows to obtain a flame that is expanded and rendered more turbulent, in addition to being cooled by dilution.

[0018] Another object is to provide a brazier in which the formation of pollutants is altered substantially, reducing the formation of particulate.

[0019] Another object is to obtain a brazier the shape of which allows to achieve the correct containment-turbulence ratio.

[0020] Another object is to obtain a brazier that is structurally simple, has low manufacturing costs, and can be provided with usual known systems.

[0021] The above aim and objects, as well as others which will become better apparent hereinafter, are achieved by a brazier according to the appended claim 1, namely composed of a container provided with an upper opening and with a series of openings on the lateral faces and on the lower face, wherein at the region that surrounds externally said upper opening there are one or more ports adapted to distribute a blade of combustion air above said upper opening.

[0022] Further characteristics and advantages of the invention will become better apparent from the detailed description of a particular but not exclusive embodiment, illustrated by way of non-limiting example in the accompanying drawings, wherein: Figure 1 is a plan view of the brazier according to the present invention; Figure 2 is a sectional view of the brazier, taken along the plane II-II of Figure 1; Figure 3 is a sectional view of the brazier, taken along the plane III-III of Figure 1; Figure 4 is a first partially sectional lateral perspective view of the brazier; Figure 5 is a second partially sectional lateral perspective view of the brazier.

[0023] With reference to the figures, the reference numeral 1 designates a brazier, which is constituted by container 2, usually made of cast iron or refractory material adapted to withstand the temperatures, having a cylindrical, cubic or more generically parallelepiped shape, with an upper opening 3 such as to allow the pellet to deposit inside it, and a series of openings 4 on the lateral faces 5 and on the lower face 6 in order to allow the passage of air toward the inside.

[0024] These openings 4 are distributed on the brazier 1, passing completely through the thickness of its faces 5, 6, identify air intake ducts, and are appropriately shaped so that the input of air is differentiated in the various regions of the internal volume of the brazier so as to obtain the best combustion performance.

[0025] At the region 7 that surrounds externally the upper opening 3 of the brazier 1 there is a plenum 8 which conveys air 9, which arrives from a duct 10, at an outlet 11, which is arranged perimetrically to said region 7 and is inclined in the direction of the upper opening 3.

[0026] The inclination of the outlet 11 forms an angle α (alpha) with respect to the vertical to the brazier.

[0027] The outlet 11 is further provided with one or more ports 12 for the emission of a blade 13 of combustion air, above the upper opening 3, toward the center of the flow of burning gases that exits from the brazier 1.

[0028] The one or more ports 12 can have the shape of holes, slots or slits.

[0029] The walls of the plenum 8 are shaped so as to extend from the volume of said plenum 8 toward the outside and create a duct or outlet 11 which surrounds the ports 12, so as to direct their flow in a very precise direction.

[0030] The flow of the air blade 13 in output from the plenum 8 through the ports 12 is conveyed in a precise direction not only by the outlet 11 but also, as an alternative, by additional components applied to the sides of the plenum 8, such as metal plates, or even solid walls made of metal or other refractory material that is resistant to high temperatures.

[0031] Advantageously, the direction of the flow of the air blade 13 is oriented with respect to the direction identified by the axis of the brazier with an angle α comprised between 20° and 160°.

[0032] Substantially, the angle α is comprised between 45° and 135°, with a tolerance of + / - 5°.

[0033] The plenum 8 can be fed by an adapted fan which supplies the duct 10 and is separate from an additional fan for the standard pumping of the air.

[0034] In this manner, the air of the air blade 13 is fully independent of the air that flows in the brazier through the series of openings 4.

[0035] In the embodiment shown there are spaces between the outlets 11 and the walls 5 of the brazier; said spaces can be eliminated.

[0036] It has thus been found that the invention has achieved the intended aim and objects, obtaining a brazier in which the supply of additional combustible air, constituted by the blade 13, independently of the air that passes through the openings 4 on the lateral face 5 and lower face 6 of the brazier 1, alters the emission of pollutants that are the result of the combustion, reducing their quantity.

[0037] A further advantage is provided by the fact that the flame that exits from the brazier is influenced in its orientation and length, with an effect on its aesthetic shape.

[0038] The air blade 13 that surrounds the entire brazier causes the formation of a sort of virtual air chamber with a more or less partial containment of the actual combustion that occurs on the pellet pieces that lie in the brazier.

[0039] In this manner, in addition to altering the local air access, there is an alteration of the fluid-dynamics motions of the flame inside the brazier, in which the flame remains more confined and hotter, and of the motions outside the brazier, in which the flame is expanded and rendered more turbulent as well as cooled by dilution.

[0040] This double combination alters the pollutant forming process in a substantial manner, reducing the formation of particulate.

[0041] The fact of being able to alter and design an appropriate angle α of emission of the air blade 13 from the plenum 8 added around the brazier 1 allows to optimize for each brazier shape the correct containment-turbulence ratio and obtain an advantage from the invention.

[0042] The materials used, as well as the dimensions that constitute the individual components of the invention, may of course be more pertinent according to the specific requirements.

[0043] The characteristics indicated as advantageous, convenient or the like may also be omitted or be replaced with equivalents.

[0044] Where technical features mentioned in any claim are followed by reference signs, those reference signs have been included for the sole purpose of increasing the intelligibility of the claims and accordingly such reference signs do not have any limiting effect on the interpretation of each element identified by way of example by such reference signs.

Claims

1. A brazier (1), composed of a container (2) provided with an upper opening (3) and with a series of openings (4) on lateral faces (5) and on a lower face (6), wherein at the region (7) that surrounds externally said upper opening (3) there are one or more ports (12) adapted to distribute a blade (13) of combustion air above said upper opening (3); wherein at the region (7) that surrounds externally said upper opening (3) there is a plenum (8) adapted to convey said blade (13) of combustion air above said upper opening (3) through said one or more ports (12); wherein said plenum (8) conveys air (9), which arrives from a duct (10), at an outlet (11) provided with the one or more ports (12), which is arranged perimetrically to said region (7), characterized in that said outlet (11) is inclined in the direction of said upper opening (3), the inclination of said outlet (11) forming an angle α (alpha) with respect to the vertical to said brazier (1).

2. The brazier (1) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that said outlet (11) is provided with the one or more ports (12) for the emission of a blade (13; of combustion air above said upper opening (3) toward the center of the flow of ignited gases in output from said brazier (1).

3. The brazier (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that said one or more ports (12) have the shape of holes or slots or slits.

4. The brazier (1) according to one or more of the claims 2-3, characterized in that the walls of said plenum (8) are shaped so as to extend from the volume of said plenum (8) outward and create a duct or outlet (11) that surrounds said one or more ports (12) so as to direct its flow in a very precise direction, said plenum (8) being able to be fed by an adapted fan which feeds said duct (10) and is separate from the one that can be used for standard pumping of the air.

5. The brazier (1) according to one or more of the claims 2-3, characterized in that the flow of said blade (13) of air in output from said plenum (8) through said one or more ports (12) is conveyed in a chosen direction by additional components arranged at the sides of said plenum (8), such as metal plates, or even solid walls made of metal or refractory material that is resistant to high temperatures.

6. The brazier (1) according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the direction of said flow of said blade (13) of air is oriented with respect to the direction identified by an axis of said brazier (1) with an angle α comprised between 20° and 160°.

7. The brazier (1) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that said angle α is comprised between 45° and 135°, with a tolerance of + / -5°.

8. The brazier (1) according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that said blade (13) of combustion air completely surrounds said brazier (1) and in that spaces are present between said outlets (11) and said walls (5) of said brazier (1).

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