Method and system for thermal control of a building

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for temperature control of a building, comprising a storage element (11) and a circuit (33) for at least one heating medium or a coolant, wherein the storage element (11) contains at least a part of the circuit (33) in which the heating medium or coolant is conveyed. The storage element (11) includes a balancing circuit (34) containing a balancing agent that circulates in the balancing circuit (34). The invention also relates to a system for temperature control of a building, comprising a storage element (11) and a circuit (33) configured for conveying at least one heating medium or a coolant. The storage element (11) includes a balancing circuit (34) configured for circulating a balancing agent, wherein the circuit (33) and the balancing circuit (34) are at least partially arranged in the storage element.

Description

background

[0001] The invention relates to a method and a system for temperature control of a building.

[0002] The present invention also relates to a ventilation system for a building. In particular, the invention relates to a ventilation system for an enclosed space or a plurality of spaces, for example, an office, a training room, a production hall, a room in an apartment or in a residential building.

[0003] The invention also relates to the combination of a method and a system for temperature control of a building with a ventilation system. State of the art

[0004] From EP 1 470 372 B1, a thermoactive wall and ceiling element is known which can be installed in new or existing buildings to heat or cool rooms, thereby contributing in particular to the efficient use of renewable energy sources by temporarily storing heat. Furthermore, the indoor climate can be adapted more efficiently and cost-effectively to individual needs. The wall and ceiling element according to EP 1 470 372 B1 contains a closed box for the temporary storage of heat as a latent heat storage medium. The box contains a phase change material based on normal paraffin or a salt hydrate, with the addition of heat-conducting fins or graphite to increase the thermal conductivity of the phase change material.The box can switch between heat storage and heat transfer operating modes by using a drive element, for example an electrochemical actuator, to change its position relative to a heat transfer element, for example a finned structure with a heating and cooling tube, so that in storage mode there is an air gap between the box and the heat transfer element and in heat transfer mode the box rests on the heat transfer element.

[0005] One disadvantage of this solution is that the unit requires additional space. Therefore, solutions are also used in which pipe registers are integrated into building components containing water for heating or cooling; these are known as thermoactive building component systems. These thermoactive building component systems are characterized by the fact that surface temperature control is achieved by the water-filled pipe registers over a large surface area, such as a wall, ceiling, or floor. Surface temperature control is achieved by utilizing small temperature differences between the room temperature and the water temperature. In particular, the heat storage capacity of concrete can be used for room temperature control. For this purpose, the pipe registers are integrated into a concrete slab serving as a ceiling element, wall element, or floor element.Such a pipe register typically consists of plastic pipes embedded in concrete slabs or capillary tube mats through which water flows as a heating or cooling medium, with the water temperature usually ranging from 18 to 28 degrees Celsius inclusive. The achievable room temperature can range from 21 to 24 degrees Celsius inclusive in winter and from 23 to 26 degrees Celsius inclusive in summer.

[0006] However, the use of thermally activated building systems reaches its limits when cooling requirements increase due to rising temperatures caused by climate change, or when the building's use changes. These factors must therefore be considered during the building planning phase. For example, solar energy can be integrated into the heating concept, as described in document KR102241214B1. However, a latent heat storage system is also required for this heating concept to store the solar-generated heat energy for later use.

[0007] To better regulate the indoor climate, it has also been proposed to use thermoactive wall elements, as shown, for example, in WO2009006343 A1. According to this solution, the wall element consists of two concrete slabs with an insulating layer between them. One of the concrete slabs contains a coiled pipe for a heat transfer fluid. The coiled pipe is connected to a hot water source for hot water and to a cold water source for cold water. The coiled pipe can run through several concrete slabs, i.e., several wall elements arranged side by side.

[0008] However, this thermoactive wall element cannot compensate for temperature differences between individual wall elements. Such

[0009] Temperature differences can arise from different heating or cooling of different rooms or from different exposure of the wall elements to solar radiation.

[0010] Furthermore, it has proven disadvantageous in previously known solutions that the humidity of the room air generally decreases during the heating season. The heated air is extracted from the system and, according to KR102241214B1, released into the environment. Since the warm air can hold more moisture than the cold air supplied to the solar heating system during the heating season, this results in a gradual reduction in the humidity of the room air.

[0011] Document DE 10 2007 063 141 A1 discloses a heating device comprising a heat pump driven by a liquid-cooled internal combustion engine and at least one thermal storage unit for absorbing heat energy, the heat storage unit housing of which at least partially encloses or confines the internal combustion engine. According to one embodiment, an externally mounted thermal storage unit is provided, which stores the heat energy of the heat pump at a slightly lower temperature level. A balancing circuit exists between the two thermal storage units, with one of the units being used for domestic hot water preparation. This is therefore not a thermally active building component system, as the building itself is not used for temperature equalization.

[0012] Therefore, there is a need for a system and method for temperature control in a building, by means of which temperature differences, which arise, for example, from different heating or cooling requirements in individual building rooms or from different exposure of the rooms to solar radiation, can be compensated.

[0013] Additionally, a ventilation system may be required to distribute heat energy for heating or cooling the building as needed. A ventilation system can also advantageously prevent or at least delay a reduction in humidity. Object of the invention

[0014] It is an object of the invention to provide a method and a system for temperature control of a building, by means of which the energy demand is reduced compared to conventional methods.

[0015] Heating or cooling processes can be significantly reduced, while avoiding temperature differences in different rooms of the building. A further object of the invention is to develop a ventilation system that can be used for the ventilation, heating, and cooling of a building and can be operated largely without additional heating, cooling, or humidifying devices. Description of the invention

[0016] The problem of the invention is solved by a method according to claim 1. Advantageous method variants are the subject of dependent claims 2 to 4. Advantageous embodiments of a system for temperature control of a building are the subject of claims 5 to 15.

[0017] When the term "for example" is used in the following description, it refers to exemplary embodiments and / or configurations, which is not necessarily to be understood as a preferred application of the teaching of the invention. Similarly, the terms "preferably" and "preferred" are to be understood as referring to one example from a set of exemplary embodiments and / or configurations, which is not necessarily to be understood as a preferred application of the teaching of the invention. Accordingly, the terms "for example," "preferably," or "preferred" may refer to a plurality of exemplary embodiments and / or configurations.

[0018] The following detailed description contains various embodiments of the inventive method, the building temperature control system, and the optionally combinable ventilation system. The description of a particular method or building temperature control system, as well as a particular optional ventilation system, is to be considered exemplary only. In the description and the claims, the terms "include," "comprise," and "feature" are interpreted as "include, but not be limited to."

[0019] A method for temperature control of a building by means of a system comprising a storage element, a circuit designed for conveying at least one heating medium or a cooling medium, wherein the storage element contains at least a part of the circuit, wherein the heating medium or cooling medium is conveyed in the circuit, and wherein the storage element includes a balancing circuit containing a balancing medium that circulates in the balancing circuit. The storage element forms at least one boundary of a room in the building. The balancing circuit is designed for temperature equalization.The compensating circuit contains a compensating medium which circulates in the compensating circuit, so that the heating medium transfers heat energy to the compensating medium via the storage element, so that heat energy is supplied to the storage element to heat the space containing the storage element, or the coolant extracts heat energy from the compensating medium so that the storage element is cooled, whereby heat energy is extracted from the space for cooling.

[0020] In other words, a thermoactive heating or cooling system is used in at least one room, preferably in all rooms. The room can be designed as a living space. Specifically, a thermoactive component system can be installed in the ceiling of the room. The ceiling can be a concrete slab. According to one embodiment, a thermoactive component system can be installed in the floor of the room, for example, in the flooring, particularly in a screed. Specifically, the ceiling can be a radiant heating or cooling ceiling with thermal coupling to the building, especially the building mass. According to one embodiment, all rooms are interconnected by means of a balancing circuit.

[0021] According to one embodiment, a thermoactive component system can be arranged in at least one space located in a zero-energy zone. In particular, the thermoactive component system can be designed to circulate the compensating agent. The compensating agent can, in particular, contain water. A zero-energy zone refers to a temperature range of the space in which neither heating nor cooling takes place. The temperature range of the zero-energy zone can, in particular, be from 18°C ​​to 25°C inclusive, preferably from 21°C to 24°C inclusive.

[0022] In particular, if all rooms are connected via a balancing circuit, the thermal energy of the rooms can equalize to an average value. Thus, individual rooms that generate a surplus of thermal energy, and would therefore overheat, can transfer thermal energy to rooms that have a thermal energy deficit, and would therefore cool down.

[0023] According to one embodiment, the storage element in a cool room absorbs heat via the equalization circuit. According to another embodiment, the storage element in a warm room releases heat via the equalization circuit. A passive house concept can be implemented using each of these embodiments.

[0024] According to one embodiment, the storage element comprises a first circuit in which the heating medium is circulated when a temperature increase is required, and a second circuit in which the coolant is circulated when a temperature reduction is required. The first circuit is thus designed to circulate a heating medium. The second circuit is designed to circulate a coolant. The equalization circuit contains the equalization agent. According to a preferred method variant, the equalization circuit includes a conveying means by which the equalization agent can be circulated within the equalization circuit. This variant allows for a further improvement in heat exchange or accelerated temperature equalization via the storage element(s).

[0025] In particular, the circuit to the storage element can contain at least one shut-off device, allowing a supply of heating medium or coolant to the storage element when a temperature control requirement is detected for the affected storage element that cannot be met by the compensating medium. The shut-off device can, for example, be designed as a diverter valve. Using this embodiment, a passive house concept can be implemented, which is extended with a system featuring active heating and cooling. For this purpose, a two-pipe changeover system can be used, for example, which allows heating or cooling depending on the outside temperature. Alternatively, a four-pipe system can also be used, which allows for both heating and cooling.

[0026] According to a preferred method variant, the circuit contains at least one shut-off device, so that a supply of at least one of the heating medium or coolant to the storage element(s) only occurs when a temperature control requirement is detected for the storage element in question, which cannot be achieved by means of the compensating medium. This method variant ensures that only a minimal energy input to or output from the system is required. Thus, this variant leads to a surprisingly higher energy efficiency. A system for temperature control in a building comprises a storage element and a circuit designed to circulate a heating medium or coolant within the storage element. The storage element forms at least one boundary of a room in the building.The storage element contains a compensating circuit, which is designed for temperature equalization. The compensating circuit is designed for the circulation of a compensating fluid, and the circuit and the compensating circuit are at least partially located within the storage element. Thermal energy can be transferred from the heating medium to the compensating fluid via the storage element, so that thermal energy can be supplied to the storage element to heat the space containing the storage element, or thermal energy can be extracted from the compensating fluid by the coolant, so that the storage element can be cooled, and thermal energy can be extracted from the space for cooling.

[0027] According to one embodiment, the system for temperature control of a building comprises a storage element, a first circuit designed to convey a heating medium, a second circuit designed to convey a coolant, and the equalization circuit containing an equalization medium, wherein the first and second circuits and the equalization circuit are at least partially arranged in the storage element.

[0028] According to one embodiment, the heating medium comprises a heating fluid which can be guided through the storage element in a fluid line, allowing it to flow through the fluid line arranged in the storage element. In particular, the fluid line can be designed as a heating line.

[0029] According to one embodiment, the coolant comprises a cooling fluid which can be guided through the storage element in a fluid line, allowing it to flow through the fluid line arranged in the storage element. In particular, the fluid line can be designed as a cooling line.

[0030] According to one embodiment, the fluid line is alternatively supplied with a heating fluid or a cooling fluid. According to one embodiment, a heating line is provided for the heating fluid and a cooling line for the cooling fluid. In particular, the heating line is designed only for the heating fluid and the cooling line only for the cooling fluid. According to one embodiment, the equalization circuit is designed as a closed circuit. According to one embodiment, the equalization circuit contains a conveying medium for the equalization medium. According to one embodiment, the equalization medium comprises a temperature control fluid, which can be guided through the storage element in an equalization line; in other words, the temperature control fluid can flow through the storage element in an equalization line.If the compensating medium is designed as a temperature control fluid, it can flow in the compensating line of the compensating circuit. A conveying device, such as a pump, can be connected to the compensating line for this purpose. This embodiment has the advantage that the temperature control fluid can always circulate through the storage element(s), allowing a temperature average to be established. According to one embodiment, at least the circuit or the compensating circuit extends over a plurality of storage elements. In particular, the first circuit, the second circuit, and the compensating circuit extend over a plurality of storage elements.

[0031] When multiple storage elements are connected via the equalization circuit, a uniform temperature average is established for all of them. Therefore, if several storage elements are installed in a building, the equalization circuit can compensate for site-specific influences caused by the building's orientation. For example, the temperature is equalized between the south-facing and north-facing storage elements connected to the equalization circuit, resulting in a homogeneous core temperature for the thermal mass storage.

[0032] In particular, a shut-off device can be assigned to the storage element or each of the storage elements, such that a compensating agent can only be supplied to the storage element or each of the storage elements when the corresponding shut-off device is open. In particular, the shut-off device can be designed as a valve if the compensating agent is designed as a temperature control fluid. In particular, the shut-off device is only opened when a need for temperature control is detected for the storage element in question.

[0033] In particular, the circuit or the first and second circuits may contain at least a shut-off device to prevent the supply of at least one of the heating media or coolants to the storage element or storage elements.

[0034] The ventilation system according to the invention for ventilating a building comprises a storage element, a ventilation chamber, an air conveying element arranged in the ventilation chamber, an air transport duct, an air exchange duct, a connecting element, and a connection element for supplying or expelling ambient air. The air conveying element is in fluid-conducting communication with the connection element and the air transport duct and can either convey air from the connection element into the air transport duct or convey air from the air transport duct into the connection element. The ventilation chamber is in fluid-conducting communication with the connecting element. The connecting element is in fluid-conducting communication with the air transport duct via the air exchange duct.The ventilation space contains a common surface with the storage element, so that heat energy can be transferred from the storage element to the ventilation space or heat energy can be transferred from the ventilation space to the storage element.

[0035] When air is conveyed from the connection element into the ventilation space, this process is referred to below as the first operating mode. When air is conveyed from the ventilation space into the connection element, this process is referred to below as the second operating mode. Each of the first and second operating modes constitutes a cycle.

[0036] In particular, the air conveying element is switchable, which means that the direction of airflow into the air transport duct, the air exchange duct, and the connecting element can be reversed. The air conveying element operates by alternately supplying and extracting air from the ventilation space. Specifically, the air conveying element can be switched periodically.

[0037] The operating principle is modeled on the human breathing process. The ventilation chamber corresponds to the lungs, except that instead of oxygen transfer, heat is transferred from the storage element to the air flowing in the ventilation chamber, or heat is released from the air flowing in the ventilation chamber to the storage element. The airways correspond to the air transport duct, the air exchange duct, and the connecting element. The diaphragm, responsible for air transport, corresponds to the air delivery element. The nose, for fresh air intake and stale air expulsion, corresponds to the connection element. The connection element establishes the link to the environment; this is typically a facade opening. The connection element can therefore be in fluid-conducting contact with the building's surroundings.

[0038] According to one embodiment, the connecting element is designed either as a ventilation element or as a venting element.

[0039] According to one embodiment, the connecting element is designed either as an air inlet element or as an air outlet element.

[0040] According to one embodiment, the air conveying element includes a fan. In particular, the fan can be used to generate the required volume of air for an enclosed space if the ventilation space does not contain or is not connected to other airflow sources.

[0041] According to one embodiment, the air exchange duct is designed as a slot between two wooden support elements. A slot is only one embodiment of an exchange duct. The air exchange duct can, for example, be tubular. In particular, the air exchange duct can contain several sub-ducts. According to another embodiment, the air exchange duct contains diverting or deflecting elements to increase the available heat exchange surface.

[0042] According to one embodiment, the storage element comprises a concrete slab. However, the heat storage function of a concrete slab, such as one embedded in a floor slab, is not strictly necessary. According to another embodiment, the storage element can include a thermal floor. This embodiment is particularly suitable for applications requiring only a smaller storage mass. For example, the thermal floor can contain multiple pipe elements for a heat transfer fluid.

[0043] Furthermore, the ventilation system according to the invention can be combined with other heating or cooling systems. Examples of heating systems include radiant ceilings, underfloor heating, or wall heating panels. Examples of cooling systems include chilled ceilings or wall cooling panels.

[0044] According to one embodiment, the storage element includes at least one pipe element for circulating a heat transfer fluid. In particular, water can be used as the heat transfer fluid. A plate element through which water flows, for example a wall, a floor element, or a floor slab, is not strictly necessary.

[0045] According to one embodiment, the air conveying element is switchable to reverse the direction of airflow.

[0046] According to one embodiment, the connection element is designed as a facade opening. In particular, the facade opening can be equipped with weather protection to prevent moisture from penetrating the building.

[0047] According to one embodiment, the ventilation system comprises a control unit and / or a regulation unit. In particular, the duration of a cycle can be set using the control unit and / or regulation unit. The cycle can comprise a first operating mode or a second operating mode. The cycle duration can be the same for both the first and second operating modes. In the first operating mode, the air conveying element can be configured such that air can flow from the connection element into the ventilation space. In the second operating mode, the air conveying element can be configured such that air can flow from the ventilation space to the connection element.

[0048] The cycle duration can be shorter for the first operating mode than for the second if the flow velocity in the connection element is higher when entering the ventilation system than when exiting it. For example, if wind hits the connection element, the wind speed adds to the flow velocity that can be generated by the air conveying element, such as when the connection element is located on the upwind side.

[0049] The cycle duration can be longer for the first operating mode than for the second if the flow velocity in the connection element is lower when entering the ventilation system than when exiting it. If the connection element is located on the leeward side of the building, the air handling unit must also compensate for the resulting negative pressure. Therefore, any difference in air volume can be compensated for by extending the cycle duration of the first operating mode and correspondingly reducing the cycle duration of the second operating mode.

[0050] If no wind forces are to be considered, the cycle in the first operating mode can, for example, have a duration of 30 seconds, and the cycle in the second operating mode can also have a duration of 30 seconds. If the connection element is located on the upwind side, the cycle in the first operating mode can, for example, have a duration of 20 seconds, and the cycle in the second operating mode can also have a duration of 40 seconds. If the connection element is located on the downwind side, the cycle in the first operating mode can, for example, have a duration of 35 seconds, and the cycle in the second operating mode can have a duration of 25 seconds. The values ​​for the cycle durations are to be understood as examples only.

[0051] A cycle can last from 30 seconds to a maximum of 20 minutes. The upper limit for the duration depends on the heat and moisture exchange behavior of the wooden support elements. Furthermore, the duration of the cycle is limited by the formation of unsteady flow.

[0052] In particular, the thermal efficiency of a storage element 100 mm thick can be equivalent to that of a storage element approximately 300 mm thick. Energy transfer is made possible by the storage element. Thermal energy can be transferred from the air to the storage element and stored there until it can be released back into the cooler air (for example, overnight).

[0053] The air transport duct can be designed as an air distribution duct or an air collection duct.

[0054] In the ventilation room, a non-steady-state airflow can be created by alternating ventilation and exhaust. It has been shown that a non-steady-state airflow results in outstanding comfort. In particular, heat recovery can exceed 90%. Humidity recovery can exceed 80%. The use of the ventilation system according to the invention does not require central ventilation units. The use of the ventilation system according to the invention does not require air distribution ducts for the horizontal or vertical distribution of air from central ventilation units to the rooms.

[0055] In particular, the inventive method and system eliminate the need for building heating only when heating the entire building is required. Similarly, building cooling is only necessary when cooling the entire building is required. Surprisingly, this significantly reduces the duration of both the heating and cooling seasons. It is even possible that some buildings will require no additional heating or cooling devices.

[0056] Thus, the building mass can be used as a buffer storage system for heat storage; a thermoactive building component system with heat exchanger pipes embedded directly in the concrete can also be used to create an integrated system. In addition, suspended chilled ceilings or heated ceilings with heat coupling to the building mass can be used, forming a surface-mounted system. Furthermore, the building mass can be cooled at night to regenerate a buffer storage system, and latent heat storage materials can be used in some cases to increase the heat capacity of the building components.

[0057] The amount of heat stored through these measures is sufficient to reduce cooling requirements by 10% to a maximum of 30%. For optimal effectiveness, the buffer storage tank should ideally be regenerated daily. Rooms can also be heated by supplied heat energy and cooled by released heat energy, with the buffer storage tank primarily used for cooling. Brief description of the drawings

[0058] The inventive method, building temperature control system, and optional ventilation system are described below using several exemplary embodiments. Fig. 1 an arrangement of a ventilation system according to the invention in a building, Fig. 2 a schematic representation of the ventilation system in a room of the building, Fig. 3 a view from below of the ventilation system during an inhalation period, Fig. 4a view from below of the ventilation system during an exhalation period, Fig. 5a a section through an air exchange duct according to a first embodiment, Fig. 5b a section through an air exchange duct according to a second embodiment, Fig. 5c a section through an air exchange duct according to a third embodiment, Fig. 5d a section through an air exchange duct according to a fourth embodiment, Fig. 5e a section through an air exchange duct according to a fifth embodiment, Fig. 6a shows a view of an air conveying element according to an exemplary embodiment, Fig. 6b a view of the air conveying element according to Fig. 6a in an alternative operating state, Fig. 7a a view of a storage element according to an exemplary embodiment, Fig. 7b a section through the storage element according to Fig. 7a according to a first version, Fig. 7ca section through the storage element according to Fig. 7a according to a second variant, Fig. 8 a schematic representation of a first embodiment of a system for temperature control of a building, Fig. 9 A schematic representation of a second embodiment of a system for temperature control in a building. Detailed description of the drawings

[0059] Fig. 1 Figure 1 shows an arrangement of a ventilation system 1 according to the invention in a building 10. The building 10 comprises a plurality of rooms, the ceiling area of ​​which contains a plurality of ventilation systems 1.

[0060] Fig. 2 shows a schematic representation of one of the rooms of building 10 according to Fig. 1 ,in which four ventilation systems 1 are shown as examples, whereby the lower room boundary has been omitted for the sake of simplicity. Only one of the ventilation systems 1 is labeled; the other three ventilation systems have the same structure. Therefore, for the description of the three other ventilation systems, reference is made to the following description of the ventilation system 1 on the right side of the drawing.

[0061] The ventilation system 1 for ventilating a building 10 comprises a storage element 11, a ventilation chamber 2, an air conveying element 3 arranged in the ventilation chamber 2, an air transport duct 4, an air exchange duct 5, a connecting element 6 and a connection element 7 not visible in this illustration (see Fig. 3) for supplying ambient air or for expelling ambient air. The air conveying element 3 is in fluid-conducting communication with the connection element 7 and the air transport channel 4, so that either air can be conveyed from the connection element 7 into the air transport channel 4 or air can be conveyed from the air transport channel 4 into the connection element 7.

[0062] Two of the in Fig. 2 The ventilation systems shown depict a first operating mode, according to which air can be conveyed from the connection element 7 into the air transport duct 4 by means of the air conveying element 3, from there into the air exchange duct 5, flows through the air exchange duct 5 and then enters the ventilation room 2 via the connecting element 6. The air flows through the ventilation room 2 in a non-steady flow and can leave it via the openings 8 located on its side to enter room 9 in order to temper room 9 as required.

[0063] Two of the in Fig. 2 The ventilation systems shown depict a second operating mode in which air is drawn from ventilation chamber 2 into the connecting element 6, then enters the air exchange duct 5, flows through the air exchange duct 5, from there enters the air transport duct 4, and is then conveyed beyond the system boundaries via the connection element 7 to the surrounding area of ​​the building by means of the air conveying element 3. The air flows in an unsteady flow from chamber 9 through the openings 8 into ventilation chamber 2 and can leave this chamber via the connecting element(s) 6 to be discharged from the ventilation system.

[0064] Ventilation system 1 can periodically switch between the first and second operating modes. Each of the first or second operating modes can also be referred to as a cycle.

[0065] Moisture can be absorbed in air exchange duct 5 when air flows from connection element 7 into ventilation space 2 during the first operating mode. Moisture can be released from air exchange duct 5 when air is extracted from ventilation space 2 during the second operating mode. If the walls of air exchange duct 5 contain or are made of wood, the wood can absorb at least some of the moisture from the air in ventilation space 2. Warm air can be cooled in air exchange duct 5. When the warm air from ventilation space 2 is cooled, it can hold less moisture, which is then absorbed by the wood.

[0066] When the ventilation system switches from the second to the first operating mode, cool ambient air, which is blown into the building through the connection element 7, can absorb heat and moisture as it flows through the air exchange duct 5, so that the air enters ventilation room 2 already pre-warmed and with increased humidity. If the air in ventilation room 2 is to be heated further, heat is transferred from the storage element 11 to the air flowing along the wall of the storage element 11. The pre-warmed and humidified air is then supplied to room 9 via the openings 8.

[0067] When the ventilation system switches from the first to the second operating mode, warm air from room 9 can enter ventilation room 2 through the openings 8. Ventilation room 2 shares a common surface with the storage element 11, allowing heat energy to be transferred from the air in ventilation room 2 to the storage element 11. The excess heat energy from the warm air can thus be absorbed by the storage element 11 and retained until the next cycle begins. Further heat energy and moisture are extracted from the air in the air exchange duct 5, making it available again for the next cycle.

[0068] The first operating mode corresponds to inhalation and is subsequently referred to as the inhalation period. The second operating mode corresponds to exhalation and is subsequently referred to as the exhalation period.

[0069] Fig. 3Figure 1 shows a bottom view of the ventilation system during the intake period. The ventilation system 1 for ventilating a building 10 comprises a storage element 11, a ventilation chamber 2, an air conveying element 3 arranged in the ventilation chamber 2, an air transport duct 4, an air exchange duct 5, a connecting element 6, and a connection element 7 for supplying or expelling ambient air. The air conveying element 3 is in fluid-conducting communication with the connection element 7 and the air transport duct 4, so that air can either be conveyed from the connection element 7 into the air transport duct 4 or air can be conveyed from the air transport duct 4 into the connection element 7. The ventilation chamber 2 is in fluid-conducting communication with the connecting element 6, which in turn is in fluid-conducting communication with the air transport duct 4 via the air exchange duct 5.The ventilation chamber 2 shares a common surface with the storage element 11, allowing heat energy to be transferred from the storage element 11 to the air in the ventilation chamber 2, or vice versa. The air conveying element 3 may include a fan.

[0070] The connecting element 6 is according to Fig. 3 The connection element 7 is designed as a ventilation element. The connection element 7 is designed as an air inlet element.

[0071] According to this embodiment, the air exchange channel 5 is designed as a slot between two wooden support elements.

[0072] The storage element 11 can comprise a concrete slab. The storage element 11 contains at least one pipe element 12 for the circulation of a heat transfer fluid, which is schematically shown in Fig. 2This is indicated. In particular, a plurality of pipe elements 12 can be provided. An example of an arrangement of pipe elements 12 in a storage element is shown in Fig. 6 shown in EP 1 470 372 B1. These pipe elements are designed as capillary tubes embedded in a pipe mat. This solution improves controllability.

[0073] Fig. 4 shows a view from below of ventilation system 1 during the exhalation period. This representation differs from Fig. 3 in that the connecting element 6 is designed as a venting element. The connecting element 7 is designed as an air outlet element.

[0074] The ventilation system 1 according to Fig. 3 or Fig. 4The system comprises a control unit and / or a regulation unit 13. The control unit and / or regulation unit 13 can be used, for example, to define the duration of a cycle. The cycle can include a first operating mode or a second operating mode. In the first operating mode, the air conveying element 3 can be configured so that air can flow from the connection element 7 into the ventilation space 2. In the second operating mode, the air conveying element 3 can be configured so that air can flow from the ventilation space 2 to the connection element 7. The cycle can, in particular, have a duration of 10 seconds up to a maximum of one minute.

[0075] Fig. 5a Figure 1 shows a section through a beam element 14 containing an air exchange channel 5 according to a first embodiment. The air exchange channel 5 contains a cavity 15, which is designed as a slot.

[0076] Fig. 5bFigure 1 shows a section through an air exchange duct 5 according to a second embodiment. The air exchange duct is formed as a first recess 17 in a first beam element 14 and a second recess 18 in a second beam element 16. When the first beam element 14 and the second beam element 16 are joined together, a cavity 15 is formed by the first recess 17 and the second recess 18.

[0077] Fig. 5c Figure 1 shows a section through an air exchange duct 5 according to a third embodiment. The air exchange duct 5 comprises a plurality of cavities 15. According to this embodiment, the cavities 15 are designed as channels with a square cross-section.

[0078] Fig. 5dFigure 5 shows a section through an air exchange duct according to a fourth embodiment. The air exchange duct 5 comprises a plurality of cavities 15. According to this embodiment, the cavities 15 are designed as ducts with a rectangular cross-section.

[0079] Fig. 5e Figure 5 shows a cross-section through an air exchange duct according to a fifth embodiment. The air exchange duct 5 comprises a plurality of cavities 15. According to this embodiment, the cavities 15 are designed as channels with a circular cross-section. An exemplary deflecting element 19 is also arranged in one of the cavities, which disrupts the airflow and thereby serves to improve heat exchange and / or the deposition or absorption of moisture.

[0080] Figs. 5a to 5eThese are just a few examples of how to design an air exchange duct. These variations can be combined in any way to improve at least one of the effects: heat exchange or the absorption or release of moisture.

[0081] Fig. 6aFigure 1 shows a view of an air conveying element 3 according to an exemplary embodiment. The air conveying element 3 conveys air from the ventilation chamber 2 (not shown here) via the air transport duct 4 into the connection element 7. According to the present exemplary embodiment, the air conveying element 3 comprises a first section, a second section, and a third section. In the first section, the air transport duct 4 divides into a first sub-duct 24 and a second sub-duct 25. A first flap 26 is arranged in the first sub-duct 24. A second flap 27 is arranged in the second sub-duct 25. A fan 30 is arranged in the second section, which connects to the first section. A third section connects to the second section and comprises a third sub-duct 28 and a fourth sub-duct 29. A third flap 31 is arranged in the third sub-duct 28. A fourth flap 32 is arranged in the fourth sub-duct 29.

[0082] If air from the ventilation chamber 3 is to pass into the connection element 7 and from there to the outside, air flows from the ventilation chamber into the air transport duct 4, as described, for example, in the previous embodiments. In the first section, the first flap 26 is closed and the second flap 27 is open, so that the air can only flow through the second sub-duct 25. In the second section, the air is conveyed into the third section by means of the fan 30. In the third section, the third flap 31, which can close the third sub-duct 28, is open, and the fourth flap 32 is closed, thus closing the fourth sub-duct 29. This operating mode corresponds to the exhalation process. The air therefore only enters the connection element 7 through the third sub-duct 28.

[0083] In Fig. 6b The air conveying element 3 according to Fig. 6aThe diagram shows the system in the state where air flows into the ventilation space. The air flows from the connection element 7 through the air conveying element 3 into the air transport duct 4 and from there into the ventilation space, for example, as described in the preceding embodiments. This process thus corresponds to the process of inhalation. In the third section, the third flap 31 is closed and the fourth flap 32 is open, so that the air can only flow through the fourth sub-duct 29. In the second section, the air is conveyed into the first section by means of the fan 30. In the first section, the first flap 27, which can close the first sub-duct 24, is open, and the second flap 27 is closed, thus closing the second sub-duct 25. This operating mode corresponds to the inhalation process. The air thus enters the ventilation space only through the fourth sub-duct 29 from the connection element 7 via the first sub-duct 24.

[0084] One advantage of this arrangement is that the fan 30 can remain stationary and the airflow direction does not need to be reversed by the fan. Another advantage of this arrangement is that, if necessary, the connection between the connection element 7 and the ventilation chamber 2 can be interrupted by either keeping the first flap 26 and the second flap 27 in the closed position, or keeping the third flap 31 and the fourth flap 32 closed. This operating state can also be referred to as the flow-free state or neutral operation.

[0085] Fig. 7aFigure 1 shows a view of a storage element 11, which can be used for a ventilation system 1 according to one of the preceding embodiments. The storage element 11 contains a storage plate element 20, which rests on a supporting structure. The supporting structure can comprise a plurality of load-bearing beams 21, which serve as supports for the storage element 11. The load-bearing beams 21 can in turn be supported on crossbeams 22, which rest on wall elements 23. Between the load-bearing beams 21 and the crossbeams 22 (only a single crossbeam 22 is shown in the illustration according to Figure 1) Fig. 7a(As shown by way of example) an intermediate space 24 is formed in which various pipe elements 12 can be laid, for example for supplying the building with hot water, cold water, electricity or for transporting heat transfer media for heating or cooling the building. One of these pipe elements can contain water for temperature control of the storage plate element 20, i.e. either hot water for heating the storage plate element 20 or cold water for cooling the storage plate element 20.

[0086] Fig. 7b shows a cross-section through a storage disk element 20 according to Fig. 7aAccording to a first variant along the section plane AA, the storage plate element 20 contains a conduit element 40, which is designed to hold a heat transfer fluid. For example, the conduit element 40 can be designed to hold hot or cold water. The conduit element 40 can be designed, in particular, such that the heat transfer fluid can be distributed as evenly as possible over the surface of the storage plate element 20. For example, the conduit element 40 can be designed as a coiled pipe.

[0087] Fig. 7c shows a cross-section through a storage disk element 20 according to Fig. 7aAccording to a second variant along the section plane AA, the storage plate element 20 contains a conduit element 40, which is designed to hold a heat transfer fluid. For example, the conduit element 40 can be designed to hold hot or cold water. The conduit element 40 can be designed, in particular, such that the heat transfer fluid can be distributed as evenly as possible over the surface of the storage plate element 20. For example, the conduit element 40 can be designed as a tube bundle.

[0088] A storage element 11 can also be designed as a suspended ceiling or be a component of a suspended ceiling. A suspended ceiling can be optionally provided to improve room acoustics or may be advantageous for architectural reasons. The suspended ceiling can contain a heating or cooling device. Alternatively or additionally, a composite concrete element according to EP 3 128 244 B1 can be provided.

[0089] Fig. 8 Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of a first embodiment of a system for temperature control of a building, which includes a heat exchange in a storage element 11.

[0090] The system for temperature control of a building comprises a storage element 11, a circuit 33 designed for conveying a heating medium or a coolant and a balancing circuit 34 containing a balancing medium, wherein the circuit 33 and the balancing circuit 34 are at least partially arranged in the storage element 11.

[0091] According to one embodiment, the heating medium comprises a heating fluid that can flow through the storage element 11 in fluid lines. In particular, the fluid lines can be designed as heating lines. According to one embodiment, the coolant comprises a cooling fluid that can flow through the storage element in fluid lines. In particular, the fluid lines can be designed as cooling lines.

[0092] According to the in Fig. 8 In the illustrated embodiment, the fluid lines are alternatively supplied with a heating fluid or a cooling fluid.

[0093] According to this embodiment, the compensating medium comprises a temperature control fluid that can flow in compensating lines. According to this embodiment, the compensating circuit 34 is designed as a closed circuit. If the compensating medium is designed as a temperature control fluid, the temperature control fluid can flow in the compensating lines of the compensating circuit. A conveying medium 38, for example a pump, can be connected to the compensating lines for this purpose. This embodiment has the advantage that the temperature control fluid can always circulate through the storage element(s), so that an average temperature can be set. According to this embodiment, the circuit 33 and the compensating circuit 34 extend over a plurality of storage elements 11.

[0094] When several storage elements 11 are connected to each other via the equalization circuit 34, an average temperature is established for all storage elements 11. Therefore, if several storage elements 11 are provided in a building, site-specific influences caused by the building's orientation in different directions can be compensated for by the equalization circuit 34. For example, temperature equalization occurs between the south-facing and north-facing storage elements 11 connected to the equalization circuit 34, thus ensuring a homogeneous core temperature for the mass storage.

[0095] In particular, each of the storage elements 11 can be assigned a shut-off device 39, such that a compensating agent is supplied to each of the storage elements 11 only when the corresponding shut-off device 39 is open. In particular, the shut-off device 39 can be designed as a valve if the compensating agent is designed as a temperature control fluid. In particular, the shut-off device 39 is only opened when a need for temperature control is detected for the storage element 11 in question.

[0096] In particular, the circuit 33 can contain at least one shut-off device 36, 37 to prevent the supply of at least one of the heating media or coolants to the storage element 11 or to the storage elements 11.

[0097] Fig. 9 Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of a second embodiment of a system for temperature control in a building. According to the in Fig. 9In the illustrated embodiment, the system for temperature control of a building comprises a storage element 11, a first circuit 41 configured for conveying a heating medium, a second circuit 42 configured for conveying a coolant, and a balancing circuit 44 containing a balancing medium, wherein the first circuit 41, the second circuit 42, and the balancing circuit 44 are at least partially arranged within the storage element 11. In particular, the first circuit 41, the second circuit 42, and the balancing circuit 44 can extend over a plurality of storage elements 11.

[0098] The system according to Fig. 9 It therefore contains three circuits, the first circuit 41 being designed for conveying a heating medium, the second circuit 42 for conveying a

[0099] The system is designed as a coolant and the compensating circuit 44 contains a compensating agent. If the heating medium is designed as a heating fluid, the heating fluid can flow in heating lines. If the coolant is designed as a cooling fluid, the cooling fluid can flow in cooling lines. In particular, the heating lines are designed only to receive the heating fluid and the cooling lines only to receive the cooling fluid. If the compensating agent is designed as a temperature control fluid, the temperature control fluid can flow in compensating lines. The heating lines, cooling lines, and compensating lines run at least partially within the storage element 11 or in the storage elements 11.

[0100] The first circuit 41 is in Fig. 9 The second circuit, 42, is shown with a dashed line. Fig. 9 The regression loop 44 is represented by a dashed line. Fig. 9The balancing circuit 44 is represented by a solid line. It is designed as a closed circuit. If the balancing medium in the balancing circuit 44 is a balancing fluid, the balancing fluid can circulate through the balancing lines via a conveying medium 48, for example, a pump.

[0101] According to one embodiment, at least one of the heating fluids, cooling fluids or compensating fluids contains water.

[0102] The system according to Fig. 9 It can also be used for multiple storage elements. Fig. 9 A system for three storage elements is shown, analogous to the one in Fig. 7a or Fig. 7b In the illustrated embodiments, the heating lines, cooling lines and compensating lines running in the storage element can contain pipe coils.

[0103] In particular, at least one of the first and second circuits 41, 42 can contain a shut-off device 46, 47 to prevent the supply of at least one of the heating media or coolants to the storage element 11 or to the storage elements 11. The supply of heating fluid to the system can be interrupted by means of a shut-off device 46 when no heating fluid is required. The supply of cooling fluid to the system can be interrupted by means of a shut-off device 47 when no cooling fluid is required. The circulation of compensating fluid in a storage element 11 can be interrupted by means of a shut-off device 49 when no compensating fluid is required for the storage element 11.

[0104] A method for temperature control of a building comprises the following steps: providing a storage element 11, wherein the storage element 11 contains a circuit 33, 41, 42 in which a heating medium or coolant is conveyed, and wherein the storage element 11 contains a balancing circuit 34, 44 containing a balancing medium which circulates in a closed circuit through the storage element 11.

[0105] According to one embodiment, the storage element includes a first circuit designed to convey a heating medium, a second circuit designed to convey a coolant, and the compensating circuit containing the compensating medium.

[0106] According to one embodiment, the storage element can contain a thermal floor or be designed as a thermal floor. This embodiment is particularly suitable for applications requiring only a smaller storage mass. For example, the thermal floor can contain multiple pipe elements for a heat transfer fluid. The heat transfer fluid is, in particular, water, which can be used as a heating or cooling fluid as needed.

[0107] It is obvious to a person skilled in the art that many further variations are possible in addition to the described embodiments without deviating from the inventive concept. The subject matter of the invention is therefore not limited by the preceding description and is defined by the scope of protection established by the claims. For the interpretation of the claims or the description, the broadest possible reading of the claims is decisive. In particular, the terms "contain" or "include" should be interpreted as referring to elements, components, or steps in a non-exclusive sense, thereby indicating that the elements, components, or steps may be present or used, or that they may be combined with other elements, components, or steps that are not explicitly mentioned.If the claims relate to an element or component from a group which may consist of A, B, C to N elements or components, this wording shall be interpreted as requiring only a single element of this group, and not a combination of A and N, B and N or any other combination of two or more elements or components of this group.

Claims

1. Method for thermal control of a building by means of a system comprising a storage element (11) and a circuit (33, 41, 42) configured to convey at least one heating medium or one cooling medium, wherein the storage element (11) contains at least part of the circuit (33, 41, 42), wherein the storage element forms at least one boundary of a room of the building, wherein the heating medium or cooling medium is conveyed in the circuit (33, 41, 42), wherein the storage element (11) contains a balancing circuit (34, 44) configured for temperature compensation, wherein the balancing circuit (34, 44) contains a balancing medium which circulates in the balancing circuit (34, 44) so that the heating medium transfers heat energy to the balancing medium via the storage element, so that heat energy is supplied to the storage element in order to heat the room containing the storage element, or so that the cooling medium extracts heat energy from the balancing medium, so that the storage element is cooled, whereby heat energy is extracted from the room for cooling.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the circuit comprises a first circuit (41) in which the heating medium is conveyed when a temperature increase is required, and a second circuit (42) in which the cooling medium is conveyed when a temperature reduction is required.

3. The method of one of claims 1 or 2, wherein the balancing circuit (34, 44) contains a conveying means (38, 48) by means of which the balancing medium is conveyed in the balancing circuit (34, 44).

4. The method of one of the preceding claims, wherein the circuit (33, 41, 42) contains at least one shut-off means (36, 37, 46, 47) such that at least one of the heating medium or cooling medium is supplied to the storage element (11) or to the storage elements only if a demand for thermal control is detected for the storage element (11) concerned which cannot be met by means of the balancing medium.

5. System for thermal control of a building comprising a storage element (11), wherein the storage element (11) contains a circuit (33, 41, 42) which is configured to convey at least one heating medium or one cooling medium in the storage element (11), wherein the storage element is configured to form at least one boundary of a room of the building, wherein the storage element (11) contains a balancing circuit (34, 44), wherein the balancing circuit (34, 44) is configured for temperature compensation, wherein the balancing circuit (34, 44) is configured for circulating a balancing medium, wherein the circuit (33, 41, 42) and the balancing circuit (34, 44) are at least partially arranged in the storage element, wherein thermal energy can be transferred from the heating medium via the storage element to the balancing medium so that thermal energy can be supplied to the storage element in order to heat the room containing the storage element, or wherein thermal energy is extractable from the balancing medium by the cooling medium so that the storage element can be coolable, wherein thermal energy is extractable from the room for cooling.

6. The system of claim 5, wherein the circuit comprises a first circuit (41) configured to convey the heating medium and a second circuit (42) configured to convey the cooling medium, wherein the first and second circuits (41, 42) and the balancing circuit (44) are arranged at least partially in the storage element (11).

7. The system of one of claims 5 or 6, wherein the heating medium comprises a heating fluid which can be passed through the storage element (11) in a fluid line and / or wherein the cooling medium comprises a cooling fluid which can be passed through the storage element (11) in a fluid line.

8. The system of claim 7, wherein the fluid line can alternatively be flowed through by the heating fluid or the cooling fluid.

9. The system of claim 7, wherein a separate heating line is provided for the heating fluid and a separate cooling line is provided for the cooling fluid.

10. The system of one of claims 5 to 9, wherein the balancing medium comprises a thermal control fluid which can be passed through the storage element (11) in a balancing line.

11. The system of one of claims 5 to 10, wherein the balancing circuit (34, 44) is configured as a closed circuit.

12. The system of one of claims 5 to 11, wherein the balancing circuit (34, 44) contains a conveying means (38, 48) for the balancing medium.

13. The system of one of claims 5 to 12, wherein at least the circuit (33, 41, 42) or the balancing circuit (34, 44) extends over a plurality of storage elements.

14. The system of one of claims 5 to 13, wherein the storage element (11) or each of the storage elements is assigned a shut-off means (39, 49) so that a balancing medium can only be supplied to the storage element or each of the storage elements when the corresponding shut-off means (39, 49) is open.

15. The system of one of claims 5 to 14, wherein the circuit (33, 41, 42) contains at least one shut-off means (36, 37, 46, 47) to prevent the supply of at least one of the heating medium or cooling medium to the storage element (11) or to the storage elements.

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