Use of an hh fuse for a drop-out fuse system

Abstract

The invention relates to the use of a high-voltage fuse (1), in particular a full-range high-voltage fuse, for a drop-out fuse system (2) with a drop-out tripping mechanism (3), wherein the high-voltage fuse (1) has an outer fuse housing (4), wherein at least one fusible link (6) wound around at least one, in particular electrically insulating, coiled body (5), preferably spirally, is provided in the fuse housing (4), wherein the fuse housing (4) is at least partially open at two end faces (7), wherein at least one contact cap (8, 9), preferably designed for electrical contact, is arranged on each end face of the fuse housing (4), wherein the upper contact cap (8) can be detachably connected to the drop-out tripping mechanism (3) in a contacting position.wherein the lower contact cap (9) is pivotably mounted on the drop-out release mechanism (3) and wherein the drop-out release mechanism (3) is designed such that the tripping of the HH fuse (1) leads to the tripping of the drop-out release mechanism (3), thereby separating the upper contact cap (8) from the drop-out release mechanism (3) and pivoting the HH fuse (1) from the contacting position into a pivoting position.

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to the use of a safety device for a drop-out safety system with a drop-out trigger mechanism.

[0002] Such safety systems are known in the state of the art for high voltage situations.

[0003] Particularly in electrical power distribution, especially in the high-voltage range, a fuse or disconnection protection system is a combination of a fuse and a switch. The combination of the fuse and switch can be used in overhead lines and corresponding overhead line taps to ultimately protect the entire system from power surges and overloads. An overcurrent caused by a fault in the transformer or circuit leads to tripping, particularly by melting the fuse, and ultimately to the disconnection of the corresponding line protected by the fuse from the grid.

[0004] In the prior art, a drop-out safety system known from practice provides for the safety to be mounted on the lines to be protected via the drop-out trigger mechanism. When the safety is triggered, an explosion caused by black powder is used to swing or swing out the safety, making the triggering of the safety visible by the "hanging" of the safety.

[0005] To remove the fuse, a corresponding gripping or pulling ring can be provided on the drop-out release mechanism, which can also be located on the fuse. This ring can ultimately be located, in particular, on the free end of the fuse in the tripped state. In the event of a trip, a power company can then remove and replace the fuse by grasping the pull ring.

[0006] It is also known in practice to mount the fuses at an angle to the cables, so that the center of gravity of the fuse and the fuse holder (the drop-out trigger mechanism) is shifted and the fuse holder rotates in the event of a trigger and falls down under its own weight when the fuse blows.

[0007] Such a drop-out safety system is known from document US5566423A. A disadvantage of this prior art system is that when the safety device is triggered, sparks are generated by the explosion that occurs when the device is triggered. Therefore, the safety device used in such systems is also called a rocket safety device. However, these sparks can lead to the outbreak of a large-scale fire, especially in very dry areas or forested areas, which can result in natural disasters with high consequential costs.

[0008] The object of the present invention is therefore to avoid or at least substantially reduce the flying sparks when the fuse of the drop-out safety system is triggered.

[0009] The aforementioned object is achieved by the use of an HV fuse, in particular an HV full-range fuse, for a drop-out fuse system with a drop-out triggering mechanism according to claim 1. The term "HV fuse" denotes a high-voltage, high-performance fuse, which can ultimately serve to protect the electrical current not only in a partial range, but in an entire range.

[0010] According to the invention, the HV fuse has an outer fuse housing. At least one fusible element wound, preferably spirally, around at least one, in particular electrically insulating, winding body is provided in the fuse housing. The fuse housing is at least partially open on two end faces, with at least one contact cap, preferably designed for electrical contact, being arranged on each end face of the fuse housing.

[0011] The upper contact cap can be releasably connected to the drop-out release mechanism in a contacting position, while the lower contact cap is pivotally mounted on the drop-out release mechanism. The contacting position of the HV HRC fuse is intended for so-called "normal operation." In the contacting position, or normal operation, both contact caps are ultimately connected to the drop-out release mechanism.

[0012] The drop-out tripping mechanism is designed such that the tripping of the HV HRC fuse triggers the drop-out tripping mechanism, separating the upper contact cap from the drop-out tripping mechanism and causing the HV HRC fuse to pivot from the contacting position into a pivoted-out position. In particular, the HV HRC fuse pivots around its center of gravity. Thus, even in the outward pivoting position, the HV HRC fuse is connected to the drop-out tripping mechanism via a contact cap (namely the lower one) and is pivotably mounted in this area.

[0013] According to the invention, the advantages achieved are in particular that, through the use of an HV fuse, on the one hand, the high voltages and currents in the distribution of high voltage can be secured, while on the other hand, spark-free switching of the HV fuse is ensured at the same time.

[0014] Ultimately, the HV fuse can be ensured to swing out, particularly without sparking. For this purpose, the HV fuse can be provided with a mechanism or be designed in such a way that, in the event of a trip, a sparkless swing out of the HV fuse can be ensured through interaction with the drop-out tripping mechanism. Thus, preferably, a sparkless switching / tripping of the HV fuse can trigger the drop-out tripping mechanism.

[0015] Furthermore, according to the invention, a rotationally and tensile-resistant structure of the HH fuse is used for the first time in a drop-out fuse system.

[0016] It is noteworthy that the prior art did not disclose the use of the HV HRC fuse, which meets high safety requirements, for a drop-out protection system. This was only discovered through the invention. It is understood that the HV HRC fuse used in the invention preferably has energy-specific designs to realize the very special advantages of the drop-out protection system.

[0017] A drop-out fuse system, as previously described, uses a pivoting action of the fuse when triggered. Such a pivoting action can be achieved, in particular, without an explosion caused by black powder, thanks to the use of the HV fuse according to the invention.

[0018] In addition, the mechanical pivoting movement when triggering the HV fuse in the event of a fuse failure is preferably enabled - preferably without interference - in particular for both the drop-out triggering mechanism and the HV fuse as such.

[0019] Thus, according to the invention, the risk of fire or a fire can also be avoided when the fuse is triggered. Furthermore, the safety system according to the invention can also be used in particular in forested areas or similar areas where high environmental protection requirements exist. In particular, the invention allows for safe switching and protection of the electrical current.

[0020] It is particularly preferred that the drop-out protection system be designed in accordance with ANSI IEEE C37.41 (as of June 2022). This standard specifies, in particular, which characteristics and standard specifications a drop-out protection system must comply with. The drop-out protection system according to the invention is preferably based on and / or complies with the currently applicable regulations. Furthermore, these regulations describe the actual breaking or tripping behavior of the fuse and the fuse holder (drop-out tripping mechanism).

[0021] In particular, the range of the current to be transmitted is specified depending on the rated switching capacity and the smallest inrush current of the HV fuse.

[0022] The rated voltage or rated voltage range of the HV HRC fuse is understood to mean, in particular, the voltage or voltage range at which the fuse is used and / or for which the fuse is tested. A fundamental distinction must be made between an upper rated voltage and a lower rated voltage. The lower rated voltage indicates the voltage at which the HV HRC fuse still trips, and the upper rated voltage represents the upper limit for the voltage to be transmitted. Consequently, the rated voltage or rated voltage range indicates the permissible voltage range of the HV HRC fuse. In particular, the rated voltage range corresponds to the voltage range that can be protected by the HV HRC fuse.

[0023] The maximum breaking current is the maximum current that the fuse can still switch. Consequently, the rated breaking capacity of the HV HRC fuse is greater than the maximum short-circuit current at the point of application of the HV HRC fuse. The rated breaking capacity of the HV HRC fuse is understood to be the rated value of the maximum breaking current.

[0024] The smallest breaking current is understood to be the rated value of the minimum breaking current. Starting at this current, the HV HRC fuse is capable of breaking the overcurrent. Accordingly, the electrical components (consumer, power source, etc.) on the HV HRC fuse must be arranged and / or designed in such a way that no overcurrent can occur at the fuse inlet point that falls below the smallest breaking current. The smallest breaking current may depend on the selected design of the HV HRC fuse. Accordingly, the invention makes it possible, in particular, to break comparatively low currents at a high DC voltage.

[0025] Furthermore, in a further preferred embodiment, the HV fuse is designed such that a rated current of greater than 30 A, preferably greater than 40 A, more preferably greater than 50 A, is ensured, preferably at a rated voltage of greater than 5 kV, more preferably at a rated voltage of greater than 10 kV, and in particular at a rated voltage of greater than or equal to 15 kV. Accordingly, in particular, the rated current range can be greater than 10 A, preferably greater than 15 A, and / or between 15 A and 75 kA, preferably between 10 A and 50 kA.

[0026] Furthermore, in a further preferred embodiment of the inventive concept, it can be provided that the rated switching capacity (i.e. the rated value of the largest breaking current) is greater than 1 kA, preferably greater than 10 kA, more preferably greater than 20 kA, and / or lies between 1 kA and 100 kA, preferably between 10 kA and 80 kA, more preferably between 20 kA and 50 kA.

[0027] In addition, the rated voltage of the HV fuse can be greater than 5 kV, preferably greater than 10 kV, more preferably greater than 15 kV, and / or less than 150 kV, preferably less than 100 kV, more preferably less than 75 kV, more preferably less than 52 kV, and / or between 4 kV and 100 kV, preferably between 4 kV and 80 kV, more preferably between 10 kV and 52 kV.

[0028] According to the invention, the HV fuse has a spring-loaded striker pin that is movably mounted in the fuse housing and held on the fuse housing. The trigger mechanism for the striker pin is particularly preferably arranged inside the winding body to reduce the overall size and achieve optimal insulation of the fuse element system.

[0029] Furthermore, it is provided that, after release, the striker pin exits the fuse housing with a specified exit energy and / or release force and preferably reaches the minimum travel distance required to trigger the drop-out triggering mechanism within a striker pin's inherent time. In particular, after release, the striker pin exits the lower contact cap, which is pivotally mounted on the drop-out triggering mechanism.

[0030] In addition, it is provided that the firing pin triggers the drop-out triggering mechanism or its actuation. Triggering of the triggering mechanism in turn transfers the fuse from the contacting position to the pivoting position. For this purpose, the triggering mechanism is designed in such a way that the connection to the upper contact cap is interrupted and released, so that the HV fuse swings out downwards with its upper contact cap. This mechanical movement can ultimately be caused by the firing pin and its emergence. Particularly preferably, the firing pin emerges with a specific emergence force which is ultimately sufficient to actuate the triggering mechanism. In particular, when released, the firing pin exerts a force of at least 90 N, in particular between 100 and 150 N, more preferably 120 N + / - 20%, on a triggering means of the drop-out triggering mechanism to trigger orto actuate the release mechanism. The release mechanism can, in particular, be spring-loaded and ultimately interact with the connection of the upper contact cap of the HV fuse, thus at least indirectly leading to the separation of the upper contact cap.

[0031] Preferably, the striker pin is connected to a secondary fuse element, in particular a trigger lead wire. A fault current can lead to the interruption of the secondary fuse element, in particular the trigger lead wire, whereby the striker pin is released by interrupting the secondary fuse element, in particular the trigger lead wire.

[0032] Preferably, a safety device can be associated with the striker pin, which is designed such that after the striker pin has been triggered, it can no longer be pushed and / or moved into the fuse housing. If the striker pin is triggered, the safety device prevents the striker pin from returning to the position it held prior to release. Thus, the drop-out trigger mechanism arranged on the striker pin can be permanently actuated by the striker pin in the event of a short circuit.

[0033] Particularly preferably, the winding body is star-shaped and, in particular, has a plurality of adjacent support webs for the selective support of the fusible element. Such a support is particularly advantageous with regard to the melting and fuse behavior of the fusible element, since it ensures, on the one hand, the arrangement of the fusible element on the winding body and, on the other hand, the arrangement of the fusible element(s) as "free" or predominantly contactless as possible.

[0034] In particular, the winding body is designed as a hollow body. An inner, preferably electrically insulating and / or star-shaped, inner winding body can be arranged inside the winding body. At least one inner fusible element can preferably be wound spirally around the inner winding body. The inner winding body can also be at least substantially star-shaped and preferably have a plurality of support webs for the point-like support of the inner fusible element(s). In particular, the inner winding body is spaced from the inner wall of the outer winding body. The design or formation of two winding bodies arranged one inside the other makes it possible, in particular, to achieve a high rated current in a relatively small installation space. The two winding bodies enable, in particular, rated currents in the order of 60 A + / - 30% for a full-range fuse.Ultimately, the inner winding body ensures that, in addition to the winding bodies arranged on the fusible element, further inner fusible elements can be provided, which can also serve to protect the current.

[0035] Preferably, the inner winding body can also be designed as a hollow body. The secondary fuse element, in particular the trigger feed wire, for the firing pin can then preferably be arranged inside the inner winding body and spaced from the inner wall of the inner winding body.

[0036] Particularly preferably, the secondary fuse element, in particular the trigger lead wire, extends over the entire length of the fuse housing and / or runs axially through the center of the winding body. Accordingly, the secondary fuse element, in particular the trigger lead wire, does not need to be wound around the winding body or the inner winding body. However, the secondary fuse element, in particular the trigger lead wire, can be formed at least partially as a spiral.

[0037] In addition, the secondary fuse element, in particular the trigger supply wire, can be connected or switched in parallel with the fuse element and / or the inner fuse element, in particular so that when a fuse element melts, the secondary fuse element, in particular the trigger supply wire, is traversed by the current which leads to the activation of the firing pin.

[0038] To implement the full-range fuse or the HV fuse, which is preferably designed to protect the entire high-voltage / high-power range, at least one fusible element or inner fusible element wound around the winding body and / or the inner winding body is preferably arranged at least partially in at least one blow-out hose. The blow-out hose is preferably arranged in at least one end region of the winding body or inner winding body facing the respective cap.

[0039] Most preferably, a first blow-out hose is assigned to the winding body and a second blow-out hose is assigned to the inner winding body. The blow-out hoses can be arranged such that they are spaced apart from one another and arranged opposite one another, so that one blow-out hose is assigned to each end region of the fuse and is arranged either on the inner winding body or on the winding body.

[0040] Accordingly, two blow-out hoses can be provided at the respective end region of the winding body or the inner winding body for receiving a respective section of the fusible element or the inner fusible element. The first blow-out hose can also be arranged on the winding body at an end region facing a contact cap, and a second blow-out hose can be arranged on the inner winding body at an end region facing the other contact cap.

[0041] Furthermore, the blow-out hose can preferably completely enclose the fusible element and / or the inner fusible element. In this context, it is understood that the blow-out hose can extend only over a portion of the length of the winding body or the inner winding body, and thus also only over a portion of the length of the fusible element or the inner fusible element.

[0042] In a further preferred embodiment, a connecting means is provided on the upper contact cap, preferably for the detachable arrangement of the HV fuse on the drop-out release mechanism. In particular, the connecting means can be designed as a nut and / or have an internal thread.

[0043] The internal thread can be designed to accommodate a filling device. In this design, the connecting means preferably has a through-opening, which is preferably provided centrally on the connecting means. The internal thread can then also be arranged at this through-opening. The through-opening can therefore preferably serve to fill the fuse housing with extinguishing agent.

[0044] Accordingly, the nut can be designed and provided either for connection to the triggering mechanism and / or for filling the fuse with the extinguishing agent.

[0045] Preferably, a collar protruding opposite or from the fuse housing is arranged on the lower, pivotably mounted contact cap or is formed as part of the contact cap. The collar can in particular be formed circumferentially around the fuse housing. Preferably, the collar has at least one opening, in particular wherein the opening can be designed to accommodate a screw or other connecting means for interacting with the drop-out triggering mechanism. The collar can thus serve to simplify the arrangement and storage of the entire HV HRC fuse. The collar can therefore ensure that the HV HRC fuse does not detach from the drop-out triggering mechanism, even in the pivoted-out position.

[0046] In particular, at least one, preferably both, front ends of the fuse housing are assigned an inner auxiliary cap for holding the winding body and / or the inner winding body and / or a firing pin bearing designed to support the firing pin. In particular, the secondary fuse element, in particular the trigger lead wire, is connected to and / or attached to the upper inner auxiliary cap covered by the upper contact cap.

[0047] The inner auxiliary cap can thus be arranged under both the upper and lower contact caps and ultimately preferably be designed to hold the internal components of the fuse housing. The winding body can preferably be attached to at least one, in particular both, inner auxiliary caps.

[0048] In particular, the inner auxiliary cap is at least substantially covered on the outside by the respective contact cap. Alternatively or additionally, it can be provided that the inner auxiliary cap is mounted on the fuse housing at least substantially frictionally and / or positively.

[0049] The inner auxiliary cap can be used in particular for optimal centering of the components and for achieving low electrical resistances, preferably through the optimal press fit between the respective contact cap and the fuse housing.

[0050] Preferably, at least one contact cap and / or the inner auxiliary cap covers at least a partial area of ​​the fuse housing, in particular a partial area of ​​the lateral surface in the front area. The partial coverage in the front area of ​​the fuse housing ensures a secure arrangement of the contact cap and / or the inner auxiliary cap on the fuse housing.

[0051] Preferably, the fuse element, the secondary fuse element, in particular the trigger supply wire, and / or the inner fuse element have overload constrictions and / or short-circuit constrictions. It can be provided that the respective fuse elements always have either the same shape or different shapes of constrictions and / or cutouts. The cross-sectional constrictions can be designed as a cross-sectional constriction of the respective fuse element.

[0052] In particular, two overload constrictions designed as cross-sectional constrictions are provided. Alternatively or additionally, a layer comprising and / or consisting of solder can be provided between the two immediately consecutive overload constrictions in at least one first section, at least partially, preferably completely, surrounding the outer surface of the fusible element and / or the inner fusible element.

[0053] Furthermore, the use of solder can reduce the melting temperature of the fusible element or the inner fusible element. The solder can comprise and / or consist of a metal alloy as its material. In particular, the metal alloy comprises cadmium, lead, tin, zinc, silver, and / or copper. A metal alloy comprising tin and / or silver is particularly preferred. The solder can also preferably serve to weaken the physicochemical processes in the event of an overload, thus enabling shutdown—this is also known as the M-effect.

[0054] In the case of overload currents, the greatest heat development ultimately occurs in the area of ​​the solder layer. When the melting temperature is exceeded, the tin and / or silver molten and forms an alloy with the material of the fuse wire (fusible element and / or inner fusible element). This alloy has lower electrical and thermal conductivity and, in particular, a lower melting point than the material of the fuse wire and / or inner fusible element. As a result of the increasing heat development, the fuse wire and / or inner fusible element or the fuse wire becomes molten at the corresponding point below the actual melting point and breaks the current path. This phenomenon was discovered by Metcalf in 1939, which is why it is known and referred to as the M-effect.By applying the solder layer to the fusible element, an HV fuse can use the previously described M-effect to trigger the fuse.

[0055] In a further preferred embodiment, it can be provided that the fusible element, the secondary fusible element, in particular the trigger supply wire, and / or the inner fusible element has at least one short-circuit constriction formed as a cross-sectional constriction between two immediately adjacent, consecutive overload constrictions. In particular, the minimum width and / or the shape of the cross-sectional constriction of the overload point can differ from the minimum width and / or the shape of the cross-sectional constriction of the short-circuit constriction. The short-circuit constriction can thus enable safe shutdown in the event of a short circuit, just as the overload constrictions enable safe shutdown in the event of an overload.

[0056] Precisely matching the cross-sections of the constricted sections allows the HV fuse to trip in the event of an overload or a short circuit. Alternatively, the cross-sectional constrictions of the fuse element, the secondary fuse element, in particular the trigger lead wire, and / or the inner fuse element can also be provided with at least essentially the same cross-section.

[0057] In a further preferred embodiment, the fuse housing is at least substantially hermetically encapsulated. Hermetic encapsulation or sealing is understood to mean an airtight and / or gas-tight seal of the system, in particular one that is protected against water and / or liquids.

[0058] The material for the fuse element, the secondary fuse element, in particular the trigger lead wire, and / or the inner fuse element is preferably silver, preferably fine silver, and / or electrolytic copper. In particular, the fuse element can be made of the aforementioned materials. The fuse element is preferably designed as a fine silver track and / or in a track-like configuration.

[0059] In a further embodiment of the invention, it is preferably provided that the fuse housing comprises and / or consists of a ceramic material. Ceramic material is understood to mean, in particular, a variety of inorganic, non-metallic materials, which can preferably be divided into earthenware, stoneware, stoneware, porcelain, and / or special materials. Electroceramics and / or high-temperature special materials are preferably provided as special ceramic materials.

[0060] Preferably, the fuse housing of the HV HRC fuse is hollow-cylindrical and / or tubular. The upper and lower end faces of the fuse housing are, in particular, open at least in some areas, as previously described.

[0061] According to a further preferred embodiment, the HV fuse has at least two fusible elements, preferably between two and ten fusible elements, more preferably between three and five fusible elements, arranged in the fuse housing. Alternatively or additionally, the HV fuse can also have at least two inner fusible elements, preferably between three and five inner fusible elements. In particular, the fusible elements or the inner fusible elements are electrically connected to one another and / or to the contact cap and / or the contact caps.

[0062] The fusible element and / or the inner fusible element can be at least substantially directly connected to or in contact with the respective inner auxiliary cap and / or the respective outer contact cap in order to achieve low contact resistances.

[0063] An extinguishing agent, in particular a sand filling, preferably quartz sand, and / or air, can be provided in the fuse housing. When the HV HRC fuse is switched, particularly in the event of a short circuit, the extinguishing agent serves to extinguish an arc and / or to cool any melted fuse element and / or the inner fuse element or the fuse element residue.

[0064] The fuse housing preferably has a maximum diameter of at least 40 mm, preferably between 40 mm and 100 mm, more preferably between 50 mm and 80 mm, and in particular of 70 mm + / - 10%. A diameter of the aforementioned type is particularly advantageous for connection to the drop-out trigger mechanism known in practice. In this context, it can preferably be provided that the fuse housing has a maximum length of at least 100 mm, preferably between 150 and 500 mm, more preferably between 200 and 300 mm, and in particular of 280 mm + / - 10%. The aforementioned length is also particularly advantageous for arranging the HV fuse on a drop-out trigger mechanism.

[0065] Furthermore, it is understood that the aforementioned intervals and range limits include any intermediate intervals and individual values ​​and are to be regarded as disclosed as essential to the invention, even if these intermediate intervals and individual values ​​are not specifically stated.

[0066] Further features, advantages and possible applications of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawings and the drawings themselves. All described and / or illustrated features, individually or in any combination, form the subject matter of the present invention, regardless of their summary in the claims or their reference back to them.

[0067] It shows: Fig. 1a schematic perspective view of an HH fuse; Fig. 2a schematic side view of the Fig. 1 illustrated HH fuse; Fig. 3A a schematic cross-sectional view along section III-III of Fig. 2 ; Fig. 3B a schematic cross-sectional view of the Fig. 3A illustrated HH fuse in the triggered state; Fig. 4 a schematic cross-sectional view of another embodiment of an HH fuse according to the invention; Fig. 5 a schematic cross-sectional view along section VV from Fig. 2 ; Fig. 6 a schematic representation of an inventive use of an HH fuse for a drop-out protection system in a first state; Fig. 7 a schematic representation of the protection system on Fig. 6 in a second state; Fig. 8 shows a schematic perspective view of a partial section of an HV HRC fuse according to the invention; Fig. 9 shows a further schematic view of a further partial section of a further embodiment of an HV HRC fuse according to the invention; Fig. 10 shows a schematic exploded view of components of an HV HRC fuse according to the invention; and Fig. 11 shows a schematic perspective view of an inner auxiliary cap with a secondary fuse element arranged thereon, in particular a trigger feed wire.

[0068] Fig. 1 shows a perspective schematic representation of an HH fuse 1, as used according to the invention for a drop-out fuse system 2, which schematically shows the Figuren 6 and 7 can be seen. The Fig. 2 shows a side view of the Fig. 1 shown HH fuse 1. The Fig. 6 shows that the drop-out safety system 2 has a drop-out trigger mechanism 3. The HH fuse 1 is connected to the drop-out trigger mechanism 3.

[0069] Fig. 1 shows that the HV fuse 1 has an outer fuse housing 4. In the fuse housing 4, at least one fusible element 6 wound around at least one winding body 5 is provided. Fig. 4 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a HV HRC fuse 1, from which the winding body 5 is schematically shown. This illustration only partially shows the fuse element 6. However, the fuse element 6 is shown in more detail in the exploded view of the components of the HV HRC fuse 1 in the Fig. 10 shown. The Fig. 10 clarifies that the fuse element 6 is wound spirally. The winding body 5 ultimately serves to arrange the fuse element 6.

[0070] The Fig. 3A shows section III-III from Fig. 2 . Furthermore, the Fig. 3A that the fuse housing 4 is at least partially open on two end faces 7, which is also shown in the exploded view according to the Fig. 10 is shown.

[0071] The Fig. 2 shows that at least one contact cap 8, 9, preferably designed for electrical contact, is arranged on the front side of the fuse housing 4. A distinction is made between an upper contact cap 8 and a lower contact cap 9. The upper contact cap 8 faces away from the ground (floor) in use, while the lower contact cap 9 faces the ground in use.

[0072] The Figuren 6 and 7 ultimately show two different states of the HH fuse 1, which is connected to the drop-out tripping mechanism 3. Thus, the Fig. 6 that the upper contact cap 8 is detachably connectable in a contacting position with the drop-out trigger mechanism 3. The Fig. 6 shows the contact position of the HH fuse 1 - i.e. the HH fuse 1 in the non-tripped state, as it is also the case in the Fig. 3A Ultimately, the Fig. 6 The state shown can also be referred to as the "operating state". The lower contact cap 9 is pivotally mounted on the drop-out trigger mechanism 3 in the contacting position (and also otherwise). Such a pivoting mounting can also be Fig. 7 The Fig. 7 shows that the drop-out tripping mechanism 3 is designed such that the tripping of the HV fuse 1 leads to a tripping of the drop-out tripping mechanism 3, whereby the upper contact cap 8 is separated from the tripping mechanism 3 and the pivotally mounted lower contact cap 9 pivots out, whereby the HV fuse 1 pivots from the contacting position into the pivoted-out position. The relevant pivoted-out position of the HV fuse 1 is shown in the Fig. 7 The Fig. 7 The state shown can also be referred to as a "tripped state." The swinging out of the HV HRC fuse 1 is ultimately ensured by the interaction between the triggered HV HRC fuse 1 and the drop-out triggering mechanism 3. For this purpose, the HV HRC fuse 1 can ultimately have a special mechanism, which will be discussed below. In particular, the HV HRC fuse 1 in the drop-out fuse system 2 can be transferred from the contacting position to the swing-out position without a spark. Thus, the HV HRC fuse 1 can switch, in particular, without sparking, and trigger the drop-out triggering mechanism 3 through a sparkless switching. The mechanical rotational movement from the contacting position to the swing-out position is withstood by the HV HRC fuse 1, in particular, without damage.

[0073] The Drop-Out Safety System 2, as used in Fig. 6 can be designed according to ANSI / IEEE C37.41 (as of June 2022).

[0074] The Fig. 1 The HV HRC fuse 1 shown can be designed to ensure a rated current of greater than 30 A, preferably at a rated voltage greater than 5 kV. The rated breaking capacity can also be greater than 1 kA, in particular greater than 20 kA, or between 20 kA and 50 kA. Furthermore, the rated voltage of the HV HRC fuse 1 can be greater than 5 kV and / or between 4 kV and 80 kV.

[0075] The Figuren 3A und 3B illustrate that the HV fuse 1 has a spring-loaded striker pin 10 which is movably mounted and held in the fuse housing 4. The striker pin 10 is also shown in more detail in the Fig. 10 which also illustrates the corresponding spring load. Figuren 3A und 3B show different positions of the HH fuse 1. The Fig. 3A illustrates the "normal state" of the HH fuse 1 - ie the non-tripped state. The Fig. 3B serves only to illustrate schematically that the firing pin 10 is released when the HH fuse 1 is triggered. In this context, it should be noted that in the Fig. 3B It has not been taken into account that, in the event of the HV fuse 1 being triggered, for example, the fusible element 6 melts through or that a corresponding extinguishing sand filling has been used to extinguish the arc. However, the Fig. 3B schematically the exit of the firing pin 10 from the lower contact cap 9.

[0076] The firing pin 10 can be used in particular to interact with the drop-out triggering mechanism 3 and ultimately at least indirectly transfer the HH fuse 1 from the contacting position to the swing-out position in the event of a triggering.

[0077] The firing pin 10, together with its bearing, can preferably be arranged in the interior of the ceramic winding body 5, whereby the size can be reduced and optimal insulation from the fusible element system 2 can be ensured.

[0078] The striker pin 10 can be provided for the previously discussed interaction with the drop-out triggering mechanism 3. For this purpose, the striker pin 10 can, after release, emerge from the fuse housing 4, in particular the lower contact cap 9, with a defined exit energy or triggering force and preferably reach a minimum travel length required to trigger the drop-out triggering mechanism 3 within a striker pin's own time. Fig. 3A shows the firing pin 10 in the fully extended state. As previously explained, the firing pin 10 can emerge from the lower contact cap 9 after release and lead to the actuation of the drop-out trigger mechanism 3, in particular by striking a spring-loaded section of the drop-out trigger mechanism 3. At least indirectly, this can lead to the HV fuse 1 swinging out, which requires separation of the upper contact cap 8 from the drop-out trigger mechanism 3.

[0079] The HV fuse 1 can be used with the corresponding fuse system 2 for protection on overhead lines or high-voltage lines. For this purpose, it is known that the HV fuse 1 is arranged diagonally to the overhead lines in the contacting position, although this is not shown in detail. The Fig. 6 and 7a fuse insulator 11, which can be made, for example, of porcelain and / or a polymer with electrically insulating properties. The drop-out trigger mechanism 3 can be connected to the fuse insulator 11. The entire assembly—i.e., the entire drop-out fuse system 2—can then be arranged on the corresponding line or the like to be protected.

[0080] Upon release, the striker pin 10 can exert a force of at least 90 N, and in particular 120 N + / - 20%, on a triggering means 12 of the drop-out triggering mechanism 3. This triggering means 12 can, in particular, be spring-loaded and at least indirectly lead to the separation of the upper contact cap 8 from the drop-out triggering mechanism 3.

[0081] The Fig. 8 und 9 show the two different end areas of the HV fuse 1, where the respective contact caps 8 and 9 are arranged. A section of the HV fuse 1 has been removed to show the "inner workings", as shown schematically in the Fig. 8 und 9 clarify.

[0082] The Fig. 8 shows that the striker pin 10 is connected to a secondary fuse element 13, in particular a trigger supply wire. The secondary fuse element 13, in particular the trigger supply wire, is designed such that a fault current leads to the interruption of the secondary fuse element 13, in particular the trigger supply wire, wherein the striker pin 10 is released by the interruption of the mist fuse element 13. The secondary fuse element 13, in particular the trigger supply wire, can be arranged inside the winding body 5 and preferably extend at least substantially over the length of the fuse housing 4, as shown schematically in the Fig. 3A which illustrates the corresponding windings of the secondary fuse element 13, in particular the trigger supply wire, at least schematically in the cross-sectional view. However, the length of the mist fuse element 13 can also be seen in the exploded view of the Fig. 10 and the perspective representation of the Fig. 11 The secondary fuse element 13, in particular the trigger supply wire, can be connected at least indirectly to the firing pin 10, in particular to the firing pin bearing or holder.

[0083] The Fig. 5 shows a cross section along section VV from Fig. 2 . From the Fig. 5 It is schematically evident that the winding body 5 is star-shaped and has a plurality of support webs 14 for the point-by-point support of the fusible element 6, which are spaced apart from each other. The spacing is shown in the Fig. 5 The embodiment shown is also uniform.

[0084] Furthermore, the Fig. 5 that the winding body 5 is designed as a hollow body, wherein an inner and electrically insulating inner winding body 15 is arranged inside the winding body 5. The Fig. 5 It further illustrates that the inner winding body 15 is also star-shaped and has regularly spaced inner support webs 16. Not shown is that the inner support webs 16 can also be spaced at different distances from one another. The inner support webs 16 serve to arrange or support an inner fusible element 17. The inner fusible element 17 can preferably be wound spirally around the inner winding body 15.

[0085] In the Fig. 4 It is shown that blow-out hoses 18 are provided. The blow-out hoses 18, 19 can be used to ensure the full-range protection by the HH fuse 1. In the Fig. 4 In the illustrated embodiment, two blow-out hoses 18, 19 are provided, with a first blow-out hose 18 arranged on the winding body 5 and a second blow-out hose 19 arranged on the inner winding body 15. The first blow-out hose 18 serves to accommodate a section of the fusible element 6, while the second blow-out hose 19 can in turn serve to accommodate a section of the inner fusible element 17. The blow-out hoses 18, 19 are arranged at the respective end regions of the winding bodies 5, 15 and also accommodate the respective end sections of the fusible elements 6, 17.

[0086] In Fig. 4 It is shown that the blow-out hoses 18, 19 surround the fusible element 6 or the inner fusible element 17 at least substantially completely in the corresponding section and also run or are wound at least partially spirally around the winding body 5 or the inner winding body 15.

[0087] The first blow-out hose 18 faces the lower contact cap 9 and the second blow-out hose 19 faces the upper contact cap 8.

[0088] It is not shown that only one blow-out hose 18, 19 can be provided, which is arranged either on the winding body 5 or the inner winding body 15.

[0089] The Fig. 5 shows that the inner winding body 15 is also designed as a hollow body. The secondary fuse element 13, in particular the trigger supply wire, can be arranged in particular inside the inner winding body 15 and preferably spaced from the inner side 20 of the inner winding body 15.

[0090] Furthermore, the Fig. 5 nor that the inner winding body 15 can also be spaced from the inner side 21 of the winding body 5.

[0091] The Fig. 2 shows that a connecting means 22 for detachable arrangement of the HV fuse 1 on the drop-out release mechanism 3 is provided on the upper contact cap 8, as shown schematically in the Fig. 6 is shown. In the Fig. 6 For illustrative purposes, the connecting means 22 is not shown in detail, since it is connected to corresponding components of the drop-out trigger mechanism 3.

[0092] In the Fig. 2 In the embodiment shown, the connecting means 22 is designed as a nut and has an internal thread 23 (not shown in detail), as is the case with Fig. 3A , but also the Fig. 9 and 10The internal thread 23 is not shown in detail, but is arranged on the inside of the connecting means 22, designated by the reference number 23.

[0093] The connecting means 22 can have a through-opening. The through-opening can be provided centrally on the connecting means 22 and can serve for filling the fuse housing 4 with extinguishing agent, particularly since the internal thread 23 can be provided for arranging a filling device, wherein the filling device is used to fill the fuse housing 4 with an extinguishing agent.

[0094] The Fig. 10 shows that the lower contact cap 9 has a collar 24 protruding from or opposite the fuse housing 4, wherein the collar 24 is arranged circumferentially around the fuse housing 4. The collar 24 has at least one opening 25, which is preferably provided for enclosing a screw and for cooperating with the drop-out trigger mechanism 3. Due to the design of the drop-out trigger mechanism 3, the Fig. 6 and 7 The collar 24 cannot be removed in more detail, since it is arranged in a corresponding holder of the drop-out trigger mechanism 3.

[0095] The Figuren 8 und 9 show that inner auxiliary caps 26 and 27 are provided. The Fig. 8 shows that an inner auxiliary cap 26 can be associated with the lower contact cap 9, whereas the Fig. 9 shows that a further inner auxiliary cap 27 can be assigned to the upper contact cap 8.

[0096] The inner auxiliary caps 26 and 27 are also shown in more detail in the Fig. 10 shown. Not shown is that only one inner auxiliary cap 26, 27 may be provided.

[0097] In the Fig. 8 und 9 In the embodiments shown, the inner auxiliary caps 26, 27 are each at least substantially completely covered by the respectively associated contact cap 8, 9.

[0098] The inner auxiliary cap 26, 27 can be designed to hold the winding body 5 and / or the inner winding body 15 and / or a firing pin bearing designed to support the firing pin 10.

[0099] The Fig. 11 shows that the inner auxiliary cap 27 is provided for arranging or holding the secondary fuse element 13, in particular the trigger lead wire. For arranging the components of the HV fuse 1, the inner auxiliary cap 26, 27 can have arranging means 28, in particular as a connecting lug, as shown in the Fig. 10 and 11 The arrangement means 28, in particular the connecting tabs, can be provided in particular for engaging behind a portion of the winding body 5 and / or the inner winding body 15. The winding body 5 and / or the inner winding body 15 can have corresponding configurations for this purpose.

[0100] Furthermore, the inner auxiliary cap 26, 27 can be mounted on the fuse housing 4 at least substantially frictionally and / or positively. Ultimately, the inner auxiliary caps 26, 27 serve to optimally center the components and achieve low contact resistances, particularly through respective press fits.

[0101] Not shown in detail is the fact that the fuse element 6, the secondary fuse element 13, in particular the trigger supply wire, and / or the inner fuse element 17 have overload constrictions and / or short-circuit constrictions. Not shown is the fact that two overload constrictions designed as cross-sectional constrictions are provided, wherein a solder section can also be provided between two consecutive overload constrictions. This solder section can circumferentially surround the outer surface of the fuse element 6 and / or the inner fuse element 17, at least in some areas.

[0102] In the Fig. 4 It is schematically shown that an extinguishing agent 29, in particular extinguishing sand, is provided in the fuse housing 4. Preferably, the fuse housing 4 is filled with the extinguishing agent 29, which is not shown in detail for illustrative purposes. Quartz sand, in particular, can be provided as the extinguishing agent 29.

[0103] Also not shown in detail is that the fuse housing 4 has a maximum diameter of at least 40 mm, preferably between 50 mm and 80 mm. Furthermore, it is not shown in detail that the fuse housing 4 has a maximum length of at least 100 mm and in particular between 200 mm and 300 mm. Bezugszeichenliste:

[0104] 1HV fuse 2Drop-out fuse system 3Drop-out tripping mechanism 4Fuse housing 5Winding body 6Fusible element 7End face 8Upper contact cap 9Lower contact cap 10Striker 11Fuse insulator 12Tripping means 13Secondary fusible element 14Support bars 15Inner winding body 16Inner support bars 17Inner fusible element 18First blow-out hose 19Second blow-out hose 20Inner side of 15 21Inner side of 5 22Connecting means 23Internal thread 24Collar 25Opening of 24 26Inner auxiliary cap 27Inner auxiliary cap 28Arrangement means 29Extinguishing means

Claims

1. Use of a HV HRC fuse (1), in particular a HV HRC full-range fuse, for a drop-out fuse system (2) with a drop-out release mechanism (3), wherein the HV HRC fuse (1) has an outer fuse housing (4), wherein at least one melting conductor (6), which is wound, preferably spirally, around at least one, in particular electrically insulating, winding body (5), is provided in the fuse housing (4), wherein the fuse housing (4) is designed to be at least partially open on two end faces (7), wherein at least one contact cap (8, 9), preferably designed for electrical contacting, is arranged in each case on the end faces of the fuse housing (4), wherein the upper contact cap (8) is detachably connectable in a contacting position with the drop-out release mechanism (3), wherein the lower contact cap (9) is pivotally mounted on the drop-out release mechanism (3), wherein the drop-out release mechanism (3) is configured such that tripping of the HV HRC fuse (1) results in tripping of the drop-out release mechanism (3), whereby the upper contact cap (8) is separated from the drop-out release mechanism (3) and the HV HRC fuse (1) swings out from the contacting position to a swing-out position, wherein the HV HRC fuse (1) has a spring-loaded stroke pin (10) movably mounted in the fuse housing (4) and held in the fuse housing (4), wherein the stroke pin (10) emerges from the fuse housing (4) after release with a predetermined force and resulting exit energy and preferably reaches a minimum travel length required to trigger the drop-out release mechanism (3) within a stroke pin own time, wherein the stroke pin (10) is connected to a secondary melting conductor (13), in particular a trigger feed wire and wherein the stroke pin (10) emerges from the lower contact cap (9) after the release and leads to the triggering of the drop-out triggering mechanism (3) and wherein the stroke pin (10) exerts a force of at least 90 N, preferably between 100 to 150 N, more preferably of 120 N + / - 20 %, on a triggering means (12) of the drop-out trigger mechanism (3) for triggering upon the release.

2. Use according to claim 1, characterized in that the HV HRC fuse (1) is designed in such a way that a rated current of greater than 30 A, preferably of greater than 40 A, more preferably of greater than 50 A, is ensured, preferably at a rated voltage of greater than 5 kV, preferably of greater than or equal to 10 kV, more preferably of greater than or equal to 15 kV, and / or in that the rated breaking capacity (rated value of maximum breaking current) is greater than 1 kA, preferably greater than 10 kA, more preferably greater than 20 kA, and / or is between 1 kA and 100 kA, preferably between 10 kA and 80 kA, more preferably between 20 kA and 50 kA, and / or in that the rated voltage of the HV HRC fuse (1) is greater than 5 kV, preferably greater than 10 kV, more preferably greater than 15 kV, and / or is less than 150 kV, preferably less than 100 kV, more preferably less than 75 kV, more preferably further less than 52 kV, and / or is between 4 kV to 100 kV, preferably from 4 kV to 80 kV, more preferably from 10 kV to 52 kV.

3. Use according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a fault current leads to the interruption of the secondary melting conductor (13), in particular the trigger feed wire, and / or in particular wherein the stroke pin (10) is released by interruption of the secondary melting conductor (13), in particular the trigger feed wire.

4. Use according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the winding body (5) is star-shaped and has a plurality of adjacent support bars (14) for the punctual support of the melting conductor (6).

5. Use according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the winding body (5) is designed as a hollow body, wherein an inner, preferably electrically insulating and / or star-shaped, winding body (15) is arranged in the interior of the winding body (5), in particular wherein at least one inner melting conductor (17) is wound around the inner winding body (15), preferably in the form of a spiral, wherein, preferably, the inner winding body (15) has a plurality of spaced-apart inner support bars (16) for the punctual support of the inner melting conductor (17).

6. Use according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, in particular for full-range protection, at least one melting conductor (6) and / or inner melting conductor (17) wound around the winding body (5) and / or around the inner winding body (15) is arranged at least in regions, preferably in at least one end region of the winding body (5) and / or of the inner winding body (15) facing the respective contact caps (8, 9), in at least one blow-out tube (18, 19), in particular wherein the blow-out tube (18, 19) preferably completely circumferentially surrounds the melting conductor (6) and / or the inner melting conductor (17) and / or in particular wherein two blow-out tubes (18, 19) arranged at the respective end region of the winding body (5) and / or of the inner winding body (15) are arranged for the respective reception of a section of a melting conductor (6) or of an inner melting conductor (17), respectively and / or in particular wherein a first blow-out tube (18) is arranged on the winding body (5) at an end region facing one contact cap (8, 9) and a second blow-out tube (19) is arranged on the inner winding body at an end region facing the other contact cap (8, 9).

7. Use according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inner winding body (15) is designed as a hollow body, in particular wherein the secondary melting conductor (13), in particular the trigger feed wire, is arranged inside the inner winding body (15).

8. Use according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a fastening means (22) is provided on the upper contact cap (8) for detachable arrangement of the HV HRC fuse (1) on the drop-out release mechanism (3), in particular wherein the fastening means (22) is designed as a nut and / or in particular wherein the fastening means (22) has an internal thread (23).

9. Use according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fastening means (22) has a passage opening, preferably centrally, in particular for extinguishing agent filling of the fuse housing (4), in particular wherein the internal thread (23) is provided for the arrangement of a filling device.

10. Use according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a collar (24) projecting opposite and / or from the fuse housing is arranged on the lower contact cap (9), preferably circumferentially around the fuse housing (4), in particular wherein the collar (24) has at least one opening (25) preferably for enclosing a screw for cooperation with the drop-out release mechanism (3).

11. Use according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one, preferably both, end faces of the fuse housing (4) is assigned an inner auxiliary cap (26, 27) for holding the winding body (5) and / or the inner winding body (15) and / or a stroke pin bearing designed for mounting the stroke pin (10), in particular the inner auxiliary cap (26, 27) being at least substantially completely covered on the outside by the respective contact cap (8, 9) and / or in particular the inner auxiliary cap (26, 27) being mounted at least substantially frictionally and / or positively on the fuse housing (4).

12. Use according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the melting conductor (6), secondary melting conductor (13), in particular the trigger feed wire, and / or inner melting conductor (17) has overload points and / or short-circuit constrictions, in particular wherein two overload points designed as cross-sectional constrictions are provided and / or in particular wherein, preferably between the two directly successive overload points, a layer comprising solder and / or consisting of solder surrounding the outer lateral surface of the melting conductor (6) and / or of the inner melting conductor (17) circumferentially at least in regions, preferably completely, is provided in at least one first section.

13. Use according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fuse housing (4) has a maximum diameter of at least 40 mm, preferably between 40 mm to 100 mm, more preferably from 50 mm to 80 mm and in particular from 70 mm + / -10 %, and / or in that the fuse housing (4) has a maximum length of at least 100 mm, preferably between 150 to 500 mm, more preferably between 200 to 300 mm and in particular of 280 mm + / - 10 %.

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