Opening device for a motor vehicle door

Abstract

The present invention relates to the opening of vehicle doors. To provide an opening device which is also suitable for unfavourable weather conditions and at the same time provides maximum user comfort, an opening device (10) for a motor vehicle door is proposed which has a motorised drive (12), a force transmission device (14) and a tappet (16). The motorised drive is designed to generate a drive force. The force transmission device couples the motorised drive to the tappet and transmits the drive force as an opening force to the tappet. The tappet is held with a guide movably between a retracted position and an extended position in an extension movement in an extension direction and in a retraction movement in a retraction direction. The force transmission device loads the tappet with a varying opening force when there is a uniform drive force from the motorised drive in the extension direction. The opening force is designed to decrease over at least one region of the extension movement.

Description

AREA OF INVENTION

[0001] The present invention relates to the installation of vehicle doors and in particular to an installation device for a motor vehicle door, a motor vehicle door module, a frame module and a method for installing a motor vehicle door. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0002] To improve user comfort, proposals exist for opening vehicle doors using a drive mechanism, such as a motorized, e.g., electric, drive. For example, so-called push-out units, i.e., door stays, are being considered. These open the vehicle doors sufficiently for a user to reach behind the door and open it further manually, thus eliminating the need for a separate handle on the outside. For instance, WO 2017 / 160787 A1 describes opening the vehicle door to a slightly ajar position. However, it has been observed that icing can occur around vehicle doors in winter, creating a need to ensure that the vehicle door can be opened even under such conditions.

[0003] US 2020 / 131836 A1, according to the translation of the summary available at Espacenet, describes a powered actuating mechanism for operating a locking flap device connected to a locking flap of a vehicle, wherein the locking flap is actuated between a closed position and a partially open position, the mechanism comprising: a motor functionally connected to a control element; a lever body attached at a pivot end to a body of the vehicle by a first pivot connection and connected at an output end to a locking flap device by a second pivot connection, wherein the lever body serves to actuate the locking flap device;wherein the control element has a control connection that connects the control element to the lever body, wherein the control connection between the first pivot connection and the second pivot connection is movable such that the lever body has an opening to provide a releasable engagement of the control connection between the lever body and the control element. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0004] One object of the present invention is therefore to provide a mounting device that is also suitable for adverse weather conditions and that simultaneously provides the highest possible user comfort.

[0005] This problem is solved by the subject matter of the independent claims. Further examples are given in the dependent claims. The aspects described below apply to the opening device for a motor vehicle door, as well as to the motor vehicle door module, the frame module, and the method for opening a motor vehicle door.

[0006] According to the invention, an opening device for a motor vehicle door is provided. The opening device comprises a motor drive, a power transmission device, and a plunger. The motor drive is designed to generate a driving force. The power transmission device couples the motor drive to the plunger and transmits the driving force to the plunger as an opening force. The plunger is guided to allow movement between a retracted position and an extended position in both an extension and retraction directions. With a constant driving force from the motor drive in the extension direction, the power transmission device applies a varying opening force to the plunger, which decreases over at least a portion of the extension movement.

[0007] This has the effect of providing more force at the beginning of the opening process, for example, to open icy doors. The subsequent acceleration of the movement improves user comfort. The changing gear ratio also allows for the design of a very simple motor, as it runs at a constant speed during opening, while the transmitted force varies.

[0008] The term "opening device" refers to a device for opening the vehicle door at least a crack, allowing the user to open the door manually. The opening device can also be called a tilting device, tilting or opening unit, or push-out unit.

[0009] The term "vehicle door" refers to a movable component of a motor vehicle that provides access to the vehicle's interior. For example, the term "vehicle door" refers to hinged doors or sliding doors. Vehicle doors can include side doors for the driver, front passenger, or other occupants, as well as rear doors. Optionally, the term "vehicle door" can also refer to hoods, lids, and flaps, such as engine hoods or rear trunk lids. "trunk" ), front trunk lids (also called frunks, from the English "front frunk" ) or tailgates.

[0010] The term "motor drive" refers to a drive motor that generates the force to move the vehicle door. The motor drive is, for example, an electric motor. In one variation, the motor drive can be a hydraulically or pneumatically operated motor.

[0011] The term "power transmission device" refers to a type of gearbox that transmits the force generated by the motor drive to the plunger.

[0012] The term "ram" refers to the extending and retracting component which, when the opening mechanism is located in the vehicle door, rests against the vehicle body during extension and is supported by the bodywork to push the vehicle door open relative to the body. The ram is designed to apply the opening force between the vehicle door and a fixed area of ​​the bodywork in order to move the vehicle door relative to that fixed area. When the opening mechanism is located in the bodywork, the ram rests against the vehicle door during extension and is supported by the vehicle door to push the vehicle door open.

[0013] The term "exit direction" refers to the direction of movement of the plunger when it is moved to push open the vehicle door.

[0014] The term "direction of entry" refers to the direction of movement of the plunger when it is no longer needed and the plunger returns to its starting position.

[0015] The term "driving force" refers to the force generated by the motor drive to move the vehicle door.

[0016] The term "opening force" refers to the force actually applied to the plunger to push open the vehicle door.

[0017] The term "extension range" refers to a part of the extension movement. For example, it can refer to one or more sections of the total extension movement.

[0018] In one example, the opening force increases briefly at the beginning of the extension movement, before decreasing again. This increasing force could be intended, for instance, to free a frozen vehicle door.

[0019] In another example, the opening force increases briefly at the end of the extension movement.

[0020] In another example, the opening force decreases from the beginning of the extension movement.

[0021] Due to the power transmission device, the force / displacement ratio between the driving force and the opening force can vary.

[0022] The driving force generated by the actuator can also be referred to as the primary driving force or primary opening force. The opening force delivered by the power transmission device can also be referred to as the secondary driving force or secondary opening force.

[0023] The power transmission device mechanically couples the motor drive to the plunger, or is mechanically connected to the plunger, i.e., coupled.

[0024] For example, a split-fold opening is provided.

[0025] According to the invention, the power transmission device transmits the driving force to the plunger with a lever ratio that changes during extension. The lever ratio decreases during extension in at least one region, so that a greater setting force is available at the beginning of this region. This region extends over more than half of the extension movement.

[0026] In one example, the leverage ratio initially increases briefly, then decreases again along at least one part of the extension movement. This results in an initial increase in the opening force; that is, more force is initially available, only to decrease again later.

[0027] At least one part of the extension movement extends over more than half of the extension movement, for example, over at least two-thirds of the distance, or at least 75%. In another example, at least one part of the extension movement, i.e., the part with decreasing opening force, extends over 80% or more, for example, over 90% or 95%.

[0028] The term "erecting force" refers, for example, to the erecting force of the plunger.

[0029] In one option, the force is progressively decreasing over the entire distance.

[0030] The force transmission ratio is designed to change, so that more force is available at the beginning, for example to break open an iced-up door. This feature or function is also known as the icebreaker function.

[0031] Due to the changing force transmission ratio, i.e., lever ratio, the force decreases and at the same time the speed of movement increases with a constant driving force, in the case of a uniformly running motor drive.

[0032] The setting force can also be referred to as the pushing force.

[0033] According to one example, the force transmission device has a transmission element that rotates about a pivot point and can be rotated by the motor drive to act on the plunger, preferably for a linear movement of the plunger. The rotation of the transmission element changes the lever ratio when transmitting the opening force during the setup process.

[0034] According to one example, the power transmission device includes a pulley. The power transmission device has a traction element that is connected to the motor drive and attached to the pulley to drive the rotating transmission element.

[0035] According to one example, the power transmission device includes a gear disc. The power transmission device has a gearbox that is connected to the motor drive on its input side and that is operatively connected to the gear disc on its output side to drive the rotating transmission element.

[0036] With the pulley in the first option, a linear pulling motion of the motor drive is converted into a rotational motion. The rotational motion is then in turn converted into a linear motion of the plunger.

[0037] With the gear disc in the second option, a rotary movement of the motor drive is converted into a further rotational movement, which is then in turn converted into a linear movement of the plunger.

[0038] In one example, the plunger is elongated and has a free end at one end for contact with the vehicle door or bodywork area, and a coupled end at the opposite end that is connected to the power transmission device. At the coupled end, the plunger has a pin for primary guidance of the plunger, which is guided in a guide track. The plunger is guided by a secondary guide between the free end and the pin at the coupled end. Optionally, the guide track has a first curved section and a second straight section in the extension direction. As a further option, the power transmission device acts on the pin to move the plunger.

[0039] The movement of the plunger in this example is therefore based on a pin in a guide track.

[0040] In one example, the second area runs straight, i.e., linearly, in the exit direction.

[0041] According to one example, for the second guide of the plunger, in a first option i), a slot is provided in an area between the free end and the coupled end, into which a fixed bolt projects. In a second option ii), lateral bearings are provided in the area where the plunger exits. In one variant, both options are combined.

[0042] In one option, the second section of the guide path is aligned with the second guide.

[0043] For example, during the extension of the plunger, the elongated hole and the guide track are aligned with the bolt.

[0044] In one option, the plunger is held movable by the guide in such a way that the changing position of the force transmission point, in the form of the pin, alters the lever ratio in the force transmission chain. The changing position of the pin relative to the force transmission direction results in a changing lever ratio. This, alone or in conjunction with another changing lever ratio, causes the force transmission device to apply a decreasing opening force to the plunger in the extension direction when a constant drive force from the motor is applied.

[0045] In another option, the plunger is held movable by a linear guide. The pin, or another stop or similar component for force transmission, does not change its position with respect to the direction of force transmission. The linear guide, therefore, does not provide a changing lever ratio. Instead, the force transmission device is designed with a changing lever ratio, so that with a constant drive force from the motor, the force transmission device applies a decreasing opening force to the plunger in the extension direction.

[0046] According to one example, the plunger has a stop offset laterally to the longitudinal direction in such a way that, at the beginning of the extension, a pivoting movement of the plunger around the second guide can be carried out by guiding the pin in the first area of ​​the guide track.

[0047] According to one example, the power transmission device has a rotatably mounted disc segment that has a radial stop to abut the pin. The motor drive drives the disc segment.

[0048] The movement of the plunger in this example is therefore based on a disc segment with a stop that acts on the pin.

[0049] According to one example, the power transmission device has a rotatably mounted drive lever which has a recess into which the pin engages, so that the plunger can be moved by a pivoting movement of the drive lever.

[0050] As an option, the recess can be designed as an elongated hole.

[0051] For example, the lever is connected to a gear or gear disc, and the motor drives the gear or gear disc. For example, a gearbox is provided between the motor drive and the lever.

[0052] In one variant, the side boundaries run parallel, i.e., with a constant clear width. For example, the slot runs linearly with parallel side boundaries.

[0053] In another variant, the lateral boundaries do not run parallel, but with varying distances, i.e., with a clear width that changes along the course.

[0054] In another option, the recess has a contour in the form of a cranked elongated slot. For example, the elongated slot has a longitudinal offset, e.g., with parallel lateral boundaries. For example, the elongated slot is curved, e.g., with parallel lateral boundaries.

[0055] The movement of the plunger in this example is therefore based on a drive lever with a slotted hole.

[0056] According to one example, the power transmission device has a transmission gear that is movable via the motor drive. The plunger has a tooth profile. The transmission gear meshes with the tooth profile. The plunger is movable along a guide by the transmission gear.

[0057] The movement of the plunger in this example is based on the toothing.

[0058] According to one example, the power transmission device has a cable pull that acts on the pin to move the plunger.

[0059] The movement of the plunger in this example is based on the pull of the rope.

[0060] For example, the cable is connected to the motor drive at one end. At the other, i.e., second, end, the cable is held at a fixed point. The cable runs around the pivot between the first and second ends. In one example, one or more additional deflection points for the cable may be provided.

[0061] According to one example, the power transmission device includes a coupling element. The coupling element is held at one end by a moving support point and connected at the other end to the plunger. The support point is movably mounted about a pivot point. The support point moves with the drive. The coupling element forms a toggle lever.

[0062] The movement of the plunger in this example is therefore based on the knee lever.

[0063] As an option, the holding point is connected to a disc segment that is rotatably mounted at the pivot point. The drive applies a driving force to the disc segment to pivot it around the pivot point.

[0064] The coupling element, acting as a connecting rod, converts the rotational movement of the driving support point into a linear movement of the plunger. The coupling element, or connecting rod, can also be called a push rod.

[0065] Since the distance between the holding point (lever) and the linear movement of the plunger changes during a rotational movement, force transmission occurs with a profile that changes over the movement. A large distance means a longer lever arm and therefore more force (with a shorter stroke) at the beginning, followed by a smaller distance, i.e., a shorter lever arm and therefore less force (with a longer stroke).

[0066] For example, the pivot point is formed directly on the disc segment.

[0067] For example, the pivot point is formed on a lever arm which is rotatably mounted at the pivot point and which is connected to the disc segment.

[0068] In one example, the drive acts on the disc segment at a first distance from the pivot point, thus forming a first lever arm. The holding point is at a second distance from the pivot point, thus forming a second lever arm. The second distance, i.e., the second lever arm, is, for example, greater than the first distance, i.e., the first lever arm.

[0069] For example, the disc segment is designed as a pulley; the power transmission device has a traction element that is attached to the pulley to drive the pulley in a rotating manner and thus to the linear movement of the plunger.

[0070] In one example, the disc segment is designed as a rope pulley segment.

[0071] For example, the motorized drive is a motorized closing unit connected to a Bowden cable, which is attached to the pulley, for instance, hooked onto the pulley. Transmitting the opening force to a Bowden cable allows for the separate placement of the motorized drive, which in turn provides greater design freedom.

[0072] In one version, the pulley is housed within the casing of the mounting device. This provides better protection for the pulley against external influences such as moisture and dirt.

[0073] In another version, the pulley is located on the outside of the housing of the mounting device. This makes the pulley accessible from the outside.

[0074] For example, the disc segment is designed as a gear disc. The power transmission device has a gearbox that is connected to the motor drive on its input side and that is operatively connected to the gear disc on its output side to drive the pulley and thus the linear movement of the plunger.

[0075] For example, the motor drive is an electric motor that is integrated directly into the mounting device. The transmission of the opening force to the gearbox enables an integrated design and thus a compact construction.

[0076] The input side can also be called the drive side. The output side can also be called the driven side.

[0077] According to the invention, a motor vehicle door module is also provided. The motor vehicle door module has a support structure for a motor vehicle door. The motor vehicle door module also has a lifting device for a motor vehicle door according to one of the preceding examples. The lifting device is held on the support structure. The plunger is designed to apply the opening force between the motor vehicle door and a stationary body area in order to move the motor vehicle door relative to the stationary body area.

[0078] The supporting structure of a motor vehicle door, for example, is a structure to which the interior trim, exterior trim, and technical components of the motor vehicle door, such as window glass guides and window lifting mechanisms, interior door handles, exterior door handles, vehicle lock, and motorized drives for operating the vehicle lock, are attached. The supporting structure is, for example, a multifunctional bracket, also known as a multifunctional bracket (MFB). In another example, the supporting structure is a door frame structure.

[0079] According to the invention, a frame module is also provided. The frame module comprises a fixed frame structure for a door opening in a body area of ​​a vehicle. The frame module also includes a lifting device for a motor vehicle door according to one of the preceding examples. The lifting device is held on the frame structure. The plunger is designed to apply the opening force between the fixed frame structure of the motor vehicle door and the motor vehicle door in order to move the motor vehicle door relative to the body area.

[0080] The frame structure can also be referred to as a frame segment.

[0081] According to the invention, a method for installing a motor vehicle door is also provided. The method comprises the following steps: Generating a driving force with a motor. Transmitting the driving force as an opening force to a plunger with a power transmission device that couples the motor to the plunger. The plunger is held movable between a retracted and an extended position in both an extension and a retraction direction by a guide. Moving the plunger from the retracted position towards the extended position. With a constant driving force from the motor, the power transmission device applies a decreasing opening force to the plunger in the extension direction.

[0082] According to one aspect of the invention, a plunger is provided which is movably mounted. A drive acts on the plunger to extend and retract it. The transmission of the drive force occurs with a changing lever or gear ratio, so that the plunger initially extends with more force but at a slower speed, and then extends further with less force but at a higher speed.

[0083] According to one aspect of the invention, an opening device is provided in which a plunger is guided in a guide track. During the process, the relative point of force application changes, so that with a constant force applied by a drive, different forces can be transmitted via the plunger to a counterpart in order to achieve an opening movement of the vehicle door relative to the body.

[0084] In one variant, the plunger is designed to perform a slight pivoting movement at the beginning of its extension, acting as a so-called icebreaker. This is achieved by using a favorable leverage effect, with the plunger positioned close to the end being guided and the force for the pivoting movement being applied at the opposite end with a longer lever arm.

[0085] It should be noted that the features of the exemplary embodiments of the devices also apply to embodiments of the method and vice versa. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0086] The following section provides a more detailed explanation of exemplary embodiments of the invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. Fig. 1 shows a functional schematic representation of an example of an installation device. Fig. 2 shows a schematic representation of an example of a motor vehicle door module. Fig. 3 shows a schematic representation of another example of an installation device in which a disc segment acts on a pin of a plunger, the pin being held guided in a guide track. Fig. 4 shows a schematic representation of yet another example of a mounting device in which an electric motor drives the disc segment. Fig. 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d und 5e show a movement sequence of the example from Fig. 3 during the extension of the plunger. Fig. 6 shows another example of a setup device with a toggle lever attached to a disc for linear movement of the plunger, with an electric motor driving the disc. Fig. 7 Another example of a mounting device is shown, in which the disc is designed as a pulley and a rope pulley attaches to the pulley to drive it. Fig. 8a, 8b, 8c und 8d show a movement sequence of the example from Fig. 7 during the extension of the plunger. Fig. 9 shows another example of an installation device in which a pin of a plunger, guided in a guide track, is moved by a lever that is fixed to a rotating disk. Fig. 10a, 10b, 10c und 10d show a movement sequence of the example from Fig. 9 during the extension of the plunger. Fig. 11 shows another example of an erection device in which a cable pull is provided that acts on the pin of the plunger, which is guided in a guide track. Fig. 12a, 12b, 12c und 12d show a movement sequence of the example from Fig. 11 during the extension of the plunger. Fig. 13 This shows another example of an installation device in which a gear acts on the plunger which is designed with a tooth profile. Fig. 14 shows steps of an example procedure for installing a motor vehicle door. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EXECUTION FORMS

[0087] Fig. 1 Figure 1 shows a functional schematic representation of an example of a door opening device 10 for a motor vehicle door. The opening device 10 comprises a motor drive 12, a power transmission device 14, and a plunger 16. The motor drive 12 is designed to generate a driving force. The power transmission device 14 couples the motor drive 12 to the plunger 16 and transmits the driving force to the plunger 16 as an opening force. The plunger 16 is guided to allow movement between a retracted position and an extended position in both directions during an extension movement and a retraction movement. With a constant driving force from the motor drive 12 in the extension direction, the power transmission device 14 applies a varying opening force to the plunger 16. The opening force decreases over at least a portion of the extension movement.

[0088] A connecting line 18 shows a connection between the motor drive 12 and the power transmission device 14. A double arrow 20 indicates the extension and retraction movement of the plunger 16, i.e., the extension direction and the retraction direction of the plunger 16. The extension and retraction directions run, for example, transversely to the plane of the vehicle door, or approximately orthogonally to it. A frame 22 optionally shows a housing for the lifting device 10.

[0089] One option provides that the drive is arranged separately from the power transmission device 14 and the plunger 16. For this purpose, in Fig. 1 A separate motor drive 12' is shown as a dashed line, which is forcefully connected to the power transmission device 14. This coupling is shown with a connecting line 18', also shown as a dashed line.

[0090] In one example, the separate motorized drive 12' is a drive already present in the door for other purposes. For instance, the separate motorized drive 12' is also used as a closing aid. In another example, the separate motorized drive 12' is a drive specifically designed for this purpose. A drive otherwise used for other purposes could also be suitable for this.

[0091] The power transmission device 14 transmits the driving force to the plunger 16 with a lever ratio that changes during extension in at least one region. The lever ratio decreases during extension in at least one region, so that a greater setting force is available at the beginning of at least one region of the extension movement. At least one region of the extension movement extends over more than half of the extension movement.

[0092] Fig. 2 Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of an example of a motor vehicle door module 50. The motor vehicle door module 50 has a support structure 52 for a motor vehicle door 54 and an example of the opening device 10 for a motor vehicle door according to one of the examples mentioned above and below. The opening device 10 is held on the support structure. The plunger 16 is designed to apply the opening force between the motor vehicle door 54 and a stationary body section 56 in order to move the motor vehicle door 54 relative to the stationary body section 56.

[0093] A first line 58 indicates a stop surface on the fixed body area 56 when the vehicle door 54 is in a closed state.

[0094] A second line 60 shows an initial opening of the vehicle door 54 in relation to the body area 56 by a small opening dimension, in which, for example, icing of the vehicle door 54 has already been resolved.

[0095] A third line 62 indicates the position of the body area 56 in relation to the vehicle door 54. For example, the third line 62 shows a pivoting movement over an opening angle 64, in which the user can reach behind an edge area of ​​the vehicle door 54 and open it manually.

[0096] As an alternative option (not shown in detail), a frame module is provided. The frame module has a fixed frame structure of a door opening in a body area of ​​a vehicle and an example of the support device 10 for a motor vehicle door according to one of the examples mentioned above and below.

[0097] In one example, the power transmission device 14 has a transmission element that rotates about a pivot point (see also Fig. 3 ff.), which is rotatably movable by the motor drive 12 in order to act on the plunger 16 to move the plunger 16. For example, the plunger 16 is moved predominantly linearly. In one example, an initial pivoting of the plunger 16 is provided as an option. By rotating the transmission element 14, the lever ratio changes when transmitting the opening force during the setup process.

[0098] In one example, a disc segment acts on a pin of the plunger 16, the pin being held guided in a guide track (see also Fig. 3 and Fig. 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d und 5e ).

[0099] Fig. 3 Figure 1 shows an example of the lifting device 10, in which the plunger 16 is elongated and has a free end 66 at one end for bearing against the vehicle door 54 or a body area 56, and a coupled end 68 at the opposite end, which is connected to the power transmission device 14. At the coupled end 68, the plunger 16 has a pin 70 for a first guidance of the plunger 16, which is guided in a guide track 72 (indicated by a center line). The plunger 16 is guided by a second guide between the free end 66 and the pin 70 at the coupled end 68. The guide track 72 has a first section 74, which is curved, and a second section 76, which is straight in the extension direction. The power transmission device 14 acts on the pin 70 to move the plunger 16.A first frame 78 indicates a closing surface of the vehicle door, from which the plunger 16 extends and presses against a stop surface 80. The plunger 16 is guided, for example, by a second point 82.

[0100] The power transmission device 14 has a rotatably mounted disc segment 84, which has a radial stop 86 for bearing against the pin 70. The motor drive 12 drives the disc segment 84. The disc segment 84 is mounted at a pivot point 88 (see also double arrow 89).

[0101] In one option, the power transmission device 14 includes a pulley. The power transmission device 14 has a traction element that is connected to the motor drive 12 and attached to the pulley for rotating the transmission element.

[0102] In one option, the power transmission device 14 has a gear disc, see for example Fig. 4 The power transmission device 14 has a gearbox which is connected on its input side to the motor drive 12 and which is in operative connection on its output side with the gear disc for rotating the transmission element.

[0103] As a further option, it is provided that the plunger 16 has a stop offset laterally to the longitudinal direction in such a way that at the beginning of the extension, a pivoting movement of the plunger 12 about a second guide, for example the second point 82, can be carried out by guiding the pin 70 in the first area 74 of the guide track.

[0104] The extension distance of the plunger is, for example, 70 mm or more.

[0105] One option provides for a multi-part plunger design. For example, the plunger could also be designed to hold the vehicle door open, release it, or close it again by pulling it shut.

[0106] In Fig. 3 An initial pivoting movement of the plunger 16 at the coupled end 68 is indicated by a first pivoting double arrow 87. The resulting pivoting movement of the free end 66 of the plunger 16 is indicated by a second pivoting double arrow 85. The sequence of movements is illustrated by the Fig. 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d und 5e explained.

[0107] Fig. 4 Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of yet another example of the mounting device, in which an electric motor 90 drives the disc segment 84, which is designed with the radial stop 86 to abut the pin 70. The electric motor 90 is connected, for example, via an output 92 to a gearbox 94, which acts on the disc segment 84 and drives it.

[0108] Fig. 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d und 5e show a movement sequence of the example from Fig. 3 during the extension of the plunger 16. During the initial pivoting movement of the plunger 16, a plunger force of 800 N can be available with a constant torque of the drive element, for example the motor ( Fig. 5a ), then there are 500 N ( Fig. 5b ), then 600 N ( Fig. 5c ), then 400 N ( Fig. 5d ) and finally 340 N are available (Fig. 53).

[0109] In Fig. 5a The initial state or position P1 is shown; in Fig. 5e The extended state or the extended position P2 is shown.

[0110] The changing plunger force during setup is related to the changing lever ratio in the force transmission. In this example, this is caused by the interaction of the guide track 72 and the radial stop 84. Firstly, the free end of the plunger 16 undergoes the aforementioned rotational pivoting movement, followed by a translational extension of the free end of the plunger 16. During this extension, the distance between the radial stop 84 and the pin 72 changes.

[0111] Fig. 6 Figure 14 shows another example of the mounting device 10 with a toggle lever 98 attached to a disk 96 for linearly moving the plunger 16, wherein an electric motor 100 drives the disk 96, for example with a gearbox 102. The power transmission device 14 has a coupling element 104, wherein the coupling element 104 is held at a first end 106 on a moving support point 108 and is connected at a second end 110 to the plunger 16. The support point 108 is arranged to be movable about a pivot point 112, and the support point 108 is movable with the drive 12. For example, the support point 108 is held by a lever 112.

[0112] The coupling element 104 is held, for example, on the plunger 16 via a pivot point 114. The plunger is designed, for example, with a widened stop 116. In Fig. 6 A case 118 is also indicated.

[0113] As an option, the holding point 108 is connected to a disc segment that is rotatably mounted at the pivot point. The drive applies the drive force to the disc segment to pivot it around the pivot point.

[0114] Fig. 7 shows yet another example of a mounting device in which the disc is designed as a pulley 120 and a rope pull 122 attaches to the pulley 120 to drive the pulley 120.

[0115] The option of a 120 pulley is also available as a further variant for the example from Fig. 3 intended, so to speak, as a replacement for the one in Fig. 4 electric motor shown.

[0116] Fig. 8a, 8b, 8c und 8d show a movement sequence of the example from Fig. 7 during the extension of the plunger 16. The stopping point 108 assumes different leverage ratios with respect to the extension direction.

[0117] The changing ram force during setup is related to the changing lever ratio in the force transmission. In this example, this is caused by the changing position of the pivot point, i.e., the holding point 108.

[0118] Fig. 9 shows another example of an installation device in which a pin 70 of a plunger, guided in the guide track 72, is moved by a rotatably mounted drive lever 124, which is fixed to a rotating disk 126.

[0119] The drive lever 124 has a recess 128 into which the pin 70 engages, so that the plunger 16 can be moved by a pivoting movement of the drive lever 124. Optionally, the recess is designed as an elongated slot 128a.

[0120] For example, a motor 130 with gearbox 132 is indicated to drive the disc 126.

[0121] In an area between the free end and the coupled end, an elongated hole 134 is provided, into which a fixed bolt 136 projects.

[0122] In another option, lateral bearings are provided in the area where the plunger exits (not shown).

[0123] As an option, the second section of guideway 72 is aligned with the second guide.

[0124] Fig. 10a, 10b, 10c und 10d show a movement sequence of the example from Fig. 9 during the extension of the plunger. Fig. 10a shows the starting position or initial state P1; Fig. 10d shows the extended position or position P2.

[0125] The changing plunger force during setup is related to the changing lever ratio in the force transmission. In this example, this is caused by the drive lever 124 and the changing position of the contact point of the drive lever 124 on the pin 70 when the drive lever 124 is pivoted.

[0126] Fig. 11 Figure 1 shows another example of an erection device in which a cable pull 140 is provided, which acts on the pin 70 of the plunger 16, which is guided in a guide track. The cable pull 140 has, for example, a pulling element 142, which is fixed at one end to a holding point 144. From there, the cable runs around the pin 70 to a deflection point 146.

[0127] Fig. 12a, 12b, 12c und 12d show a movement sequence of the example from Fig. 11 during the extension of the plunger 16.

[0128] The changing plunger force during setup is related to the changing lever ratio in the force transmission. In this example, this is caused by the tension element 142 of the cable pull 140 acting on the pin 70 and its force vectors changing with respect to the extension direction 20.

[0129] Fig. 13 Figure 14 shows another example of an installation device in which a gear engages the plunger 16, which has a toothed profile. The power transmission device 14 has a transmission gear 150 that is movable via the motor drive. The plunger 16 has a tooth contour 152. The transmission gear meshes with the tooth contour 152. The plunger 16 is movable along a guide by the transmission gear 150.

[0130] Fig. 14 This shows the steps of an example procedure 200 for installing a motor vehicle door. Procedure 200 comprises the following steps: In a first step 202, a driving force is generated by a motor drive. In a second step 204, the driving force is transmitted as an opening force to a plunger with a force transmission device that couples the motor drive to the plunger. The plunger is guided to allow movement between a retracted position and an extended position in an extension movement in one direction and in a retraction movement in one direction. In a third step 206, the plunger is moved from the retracted position towards the extended position. With a constant driving force from the motor drive in the extension direction, the force transmission device applies a varying opening force to the plunger. The opening force decreases over at least a portion of the extension movement.

[0131] The three steps occur more or less simultaneously.

[0132] The embodiments described above can be combined in various ways. In particular, aspects of the devices can also be used for the embodiments of the method and vice versa.

[0133] It should also be noted that "comprehensive" does not exclude any other elements or steps, and "a" or "an" does not exclude a plurality. Reference numerals in the claims are not to be considered as limitations.

Claims

1. A pushout device (10) for a motor vehicle door, comprising: - a motorised drive (12) for generating a driving force; - a power transmission device (14); and - a plunger (16); wherein the power transmission device (14) couples the motorised drive (12) to the plunger (16) and transfers the driving force to the plunger (16) as an opening force; wherein the plunger (16) is held movably by a guide between a retracted position and an extended position in an extension movement in an extension direction and in a retraction movement in a retraction direction; wherein the power transmission device (14) applies a varying opening force to the plunger (16) in the extension direction when the motorised drive (12) exerts a constant driving force, the opening force being configured to decrease over at least one region of the extension movement; wherein the power transmission device transfers the driving force to the plunger (16) with a lever ratio that varies during the extension; wherein the lever ratio decreases during extension in the at least one region, so that a greater opening force is available at the start of the at least one region of the extension movement; characterised in that the at least one region of the extension movement extends over more than half of the extension movement; and wherein more force is available at the start of the opening movement; and the plunger (16) initially extends with greater force but at a slower speed, and then continues to extend with less force but at a higher speed.

2. Pushout device according to claim 1, wherein the power transmission device (14) comprises a transmission element that is rotating about a rotation point, which transmission element is rotatably movable by the motorised drive (12) to act upon the plunger for the preferably linear movement of the plunger (16); and wherein the rotation of the transmission element causes the lever ratio to change during the transfer of the opening force throughout the deployment process.

3. Pushout device according to claim 2, wherein the power transmission device (14) comprises a pulley wheel; wherein the power transmission device (14) comprises a tension element connected to the motorised drive (12) and secured to the pulley wheel for performing rotating driving of the rotating transmission element.

4. Pushout device according to claim 2, wherein the power transmission device (14) comprises a gear disc; wherein the power transmission device (14) comprises a gearbox which is connected on its input side to the motorised drive (12) and which has a driving connection on its output side to the gear disc for rotating driving of the rotating transmission element.

5. Pushout device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the plunger (16) is longitudinal and is formed at one end with a free end for abutting the vehicle door or a bodywork area, and at the opposite end with a coupled end connected to the power transmission device; wherein the plunger (16) comprises, at the coupled end, a stud (70) for a first guide of the plunger, which stud is guided in a guideway (72); wherein the plunger (16) is guided by a second guide between the free end and the stud (70) at the coupled end; wherein the guideway comprises a first section (74) which is curved and a second section (76) which is straight in the extension direction; wherein the power transmission device (14) acts on the stud (70) to move the plunger (16); and wherein, for the second guide of the plunger (16): i) an elongated hole (134) is provided in a region between the free end and the coupled end, into which hole a fixed pin (136) projects; or ii) side bearings are provided in the region of the exit of the plunger (16); wherein the second section of the guideway runs aligned with the second guide.

6. Pushout device according to claim 5, wherein the plunger (16) comprises a side-shifted stop that is laterally offset from the longitudinal direction such that, at the start of extension, the plunger (16) can perform a pivoting movement about the second guide by guiding the stud in the first section of the guideway.

7. Pushout device according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the power transmission device (14) comprises a rotatably mounted disc segment (84) having a radial stop (86) for abutting against the stud; and wherein the motorised drive (12) drives the disc segment.

8. Pushout device according to claim 5 or 7, wherein the power transmission device (14) comprises a rotatably mounted drive lever (124) which has a recess (128) into which the stud engages, such that the plunger (16) is movable by a pivoting movement of the drive lever; and wherein the recess (128) is formed as an elongated hole (128a).

9. Pushout device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the power transmission device (14) comprises a transmission gear wheel (150) which is movable by the motorised drive (12); wherein the plunger (16) comprises a tooth profile (152); and wherein the transmission gear wheel (150) meshes with the tooth profile; and wherein the plunger (16) is movable by the transmission gear wheel along a guide.

10. Pushout device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the power transmission device (14) comprises a cable pull (140) which acts on the stud to move the plunger (16).

11. Pushout device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the power transmission device (14) comprises a coupling element (104), wherein the coupling element is movably held at a first end (106) by a pivot point (108) and is connected to the plunger (16) at a second end (110); wherein the support point (108) is arranged to be movable about a pivot point (112), and wherein the support point (108) is movable with the drive; wherein the support point (108) is connected to a rotatably mounted disc segment at the pivot point; and wherein the drive acts upon the disc segment with the driving force to perform pivoting about the pivot point.

12. A motor vehicle door module (50), comprising: - a support structure (52) of a motor vehicle door (54); and - a pushout device (10) for a motor vehicle door according to any one of claims 1 to 11; wherein the pushout device (10) is mounted on the support structure (52); and wherein the plunger (16) is configured to apply the opening force between the motor vehicle door (54) and a fixed body section in order to move the motor vehicle door (54) relative to the fixed body section.

13. A frame module comprising: - a fixed frame structure of a door opening in a bodywork area of a vehicle; and - a pushout device for a motor vehicle door according to any one of claims 1 to 11; wherein the pushout device is mounted on the frame structure; and wherein the plunger is configured to apply the opening force between the fixed frame structure of the motor vehicle door and a motor vehicle door in order to move the motor vehicle door relative to the bodywork area.

14. A method (200) for installing a motor vehicle door, comprising the following steps: - Generating (202) a driving force using a motorised drive; - Transferring (204) the driving force as an opening force to a plunger via a power transmission device which couples the motorised drive to the plunger; wherein the plunger is held movably by a guide between a retracted position and an extended position in an extension movement in the extension direction and in a retraction movement in the retraction direction; wherein the power transmission device transfers the driving force to the plunger with a lever ratio that varies during extension; wherein the lever ratio decreases during extension in the at least one region of the extension movement; wherein the at least one region of the extension movement extends over more than half of the extension movement; and - Moving (206) the plunger from the retracted position towards the extended position; wherein the plunger is acted upon by the power transmission device with a varying opening force in the extension direction at a constant driving force of the motorised drive; the opening force is configured to decrease over at least one region of the extension movement; wherein more force is available at the start of the opening; and the plunger is initially extended with more force but at a slower speed, and is then extended further with less force but at a higher speed.

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