Method for processing a workpiece

Abstract

A method for machining a workpiece is described, comprising the steps of: providing a workpiece, machining the workpiece with a tool which has a diameter decreasing in the direction of a tool shank, wherein during machining a relative movement between the workpiece and the tool is carried out in a first translational direction and a second translational direction.

Description

Technical field

[0001] The invention relates to a method for machining a workpiece, in particular a workpiece made of wood, a wood-based material or a composite material. Furthermore, the invention relates to the use of a tool for carrying out a machining operation. State of the art

[0002] In the woodworking industry, there is often a need to drill holes in the narrow edges of flat workpieces. Depending on the requirements, these holes can be drilled perpendicular to the narrow edge or at an angle. When a hole is to be drilled at an angle to the narrow edge on a horizontally operating, multi-axis CNC machine, the drilling unit and the drill bit are adjusted to the desired drilling angle. The drilling process then follows.

[0003] This procedure requires aligning the drilling unit or its tool axis with the required drilling angle. If drilling angles are to be created with continuously variable orientation, the tool axis must also be continuously adjustable. This demands high precision and therefore significant effort in work preparation.

[0004] AT 508 166 B1 describes a computer-controlled drilling machine for producing a series of boreholes in a plate-shaped workpiece, arranged in a side surface of the plate-shaped workpiece and running along a side edge of the workpiece at a distance from the side edge, and a method for producing a series of boreholes in a plate-shaped workpiece by means of such a computer-controlled drilling machine.

[0005] DE 29 604 464 U1 describes a dowel drill for solid wood, wood and panel materials such as chipboard and the like, with a clamping shank and a drill head which is provided with a centering tip, main cutting edges, pre-cutters, clearance surfaces and helical chip surfaces for chip removal.

[0006] DE 3 207 873 A1 describes a device for drilling or milling preferably plate-shaped workpieces made of wood, wood-based materials or plastic, comprising a frame that can be placed on the floor and has a receiving surface for the workpiece, and a drilling or milling unit that acts perpendicular to the receiving surface and that can be moved and positioned relative to the receiving surface and actuated from a central control unit in two mutually perpendicular directions parallel to the receiving surface. Description of the invention

[0007] The invention is based on the objective of providing a method with which a simplified and / or more flexible processing of a workpiece can be carried out.

[0008] The invention provides a corresponding method with the features according to claim 1. Further preferred embodiments are listed in the dependent claims and / or described below.

[0009] In particular, the method comprises the following steps: providing a workpiece, machining the workpiece with a tool which has a diameter decreasing in the direction of a tool shank, wherein during machining a relative movement between the workpiece and the tool is carried out in a first translational direction and a second translational direction, wherein the machining is carried out by a superposition of two translational feed movements.

[0010] The method according to the invention has the advantage that machining can be carried out by superimposing two translational feed movements, and no adjustment or change of the alignment of the tool axis is required.

[0011] Furthermore, it is possible to create a hole perpendicular to the corresponding surface of a workpiece whose surface to be machined has an angular deviation from the target orientation, without having to align the tool axis.

[0012] The aforementioned advantages are particularly evident in workpieces where the surface to be machined exhibits an angular deviation, preventing machining, especially drilling, from being performed perpendicular to this surface. With the method according to the invention, it is possible, for example, to detect the angular deviation in a through-feed drilling machine using a side guide and then to perform machining, especially drilling, perpendicular to the corresponding surface.

[0013] It is also possible to deliberately introduce specific angular deviations in a bore, for example, to insert a dowel or other connecting element in such a way that it exhibits a certain preload when fastened to a complementary component. Since such preloads also depend on the properties of the workpiece material, it is a great advantage that these deliberately introduced angular deviations are infinitely programmable and possible without adjusting the tool axis. This can be achieved by the method according to the invention.

[0014] Furthermore, the method offers advantages in machining operations, particularly drilling operations, where angular deviations can occur due to synchronization of the machining axes with the workpiece axis. In such applications, where minimal angular errors can cause out-of-round and rough holes, machining quality defects can be avoided.

[0015] In this context, it is possible that a movement in the first translational direction and a movement in the second translational direction are carried out by the tool or the workpiece.

[0016] According to another embodiment, movement in the first translational direction is performed by the tool and movement in the second translational direction by the workpiece, or vice versa. Thus, a separate translational drive can be provided for the tool and the workpiece.

[0017] According to another embodiment, translational movements of the tool and the workpiece can be superimposed.

[0018] According to a preferred embodiment, the tool is a rotary-driven tool, in particular a drill or a milling cutter. Although the method according to the invention is preferably used for drilling operations oriented orthogonally to the surface of the workpiece, the method can also be used for non-orthogonal machining and also for milling operations.

[0019] According to a further embodiment, the first translational direction and / or the second translational direction is a horizontal direction. This allows workpieces held horizontally to be machined on a narrow surface.

[0020] It is preferred that the workpiece is a plate-shaped workpiece and that the tool performs the machining operation on a narrow face of the workpiece. Such a plate-shaped workpiece can, in particular, comprise wood, a wood-based material, or a composite material.

[0021] Furthermore, it is preferred that the workpiece is moved with the tool during machining, particularly in the second translational direction. The workpiece is moved, in particular, by means of a conveying device, such as a conveyor belt or conveyor system. The tool's movement is first synchronized with the workpiece's movement. The workpiece is then machined with the tool.

[0022] According to a preferred embodiment, the angle of a surface of the workpiece to be machined is detected relative to the second translational direction or to the first translational direction. This can be done, for example, using an alignment ruler.

[0023] Furthermore, it can be provided that the tool movement in the first translational direction and the second translational direction during machining is based on the angle. This makes it possible to create a hole oriented orthogonally to the workpiece surface without changing the tool angle. It is also possible to deliberately introduce specific angular deviations into a hole.

[0024] The diameter, which decreases towards the tool shank, is designed as a conical relief, allowing the tool to penetrate a surface to be machined and enabling error-free machining despite a possible angular deviation of the surface, or enabling the creation of a non-orthogonal orientation of the bore.

[0025] According to a further embodiment, the relative movement between the tool and the workpiece during machining is carried out exclusively in a first translational direction and a second translational direction. The movement in the first translational direction and the second translational direction can be achieved by a superimposed movement.

[0026] In this context, it is possible that a movement in the first translational direction and a movement in the second translational direction are carried out by the tool or the workpiece.

[0027] According to another embodiment, movement in the first translational direction can be performed by the tool and movement in the second translational direction by the workpiece, or vice versa. Thus, a separate translational drive can be provided for the tool and the workpiece.

[0028] Furthermore, the invention relates to the use of a tool for carrying out a machining operation, wherein the tool has a diameter that decreases in the direction of a tool shank and, during machining, a relative movement is made between the workpiece and the tool in a first translational direction and a second translational direction, wherein the machining is carried out by a superposition of two translational feed movements.

[0029] The tool in question can be a rotary-driven tool, in particular a drill or a milling cutter. The tool has a conical relief, so that the diameter of the tool decreases towards the tool shank.

[0030] It is preferred that the tool is driven by a tool assembly, in particular a drilling assembly, of a machine tool. In particular, this is a woodworking machine.

[0031] When using the tool, one of the embodiments described above for the method, or a combination thereof, may be used. Brief description of the drawings

[0032] Fig. 1 a schematic top view of a drilling unit with which a method according to the invention is carried out. Description of embodiments

[0033] Based on Fig. 1An illustrative embodiment of a method according to the present invention will be explained. In this method, a plate-shaped workpiece W is machined with a tool 20 of a drilling unit 10, wherein the drilling unit 10 can be moved in an X-direction and a Y-direction and accommodates a tool 20.

[0034] In the exemplary embodiment, the tool 20 is a drill bit, in particular a dowel hole drill bit. However, it could also be a milling cutter or another tool, especially one that cuts material. The tool 20 has a conical relief, so that the diameter of the tool 20 decreases towards the tool shank 21.

[0035] Such a plate-shaped workpiece can, for example, be made of or contain wood, a wood-based material, or a composite material. In particular, such a plate-shaped workpiece W is a furniture front, a kitchen worktop, a cabinet element, or similar item.

[0036] The workpiece W is machined in a continuous process and is moved in a Y-direction during this process. The movement of the workpiece W is achieved in particular by means of a conveying device (not shown), such as a conveyor belt or conveyor system.

[0037] Before machining the workpiece W, it is aligned, and during this alignment process using an alignment ruler, an angular deviation α relative to the conveying direction (Y-direction) can be detected. The detected angular deviation α is transmitted to a control unit to take it into account when controlling the drilling unit 10.

[0038] As soon as the workpiece W enters the area of ​​the drilling unit 10, the drilling unit 10 is synchronized to the movement of the workpiece W. Alternatively, it is possible to temporarily stop the workpiece W so that the drilling unit 10 performs the machining operation described below on a stationary workpiece.

[0039] The drilling unit 10 is now moved towards the workpiece W, so that the tool 20 penetrates a narrow face of the workpiece W, thus creating a hole. The movement of the drilling unit 10 is controlled in the X and Y directions. An angular adjustment of the drilling unit 10 by a dimension perpendicular to the plane of view in Fig. 1 The stationary axis is not used. Instead, machining is achieved by superimposing the translational feed movements (X-direction, Y-direction). In this way, the angular deviation α during the infeed movement is taken into account.

[0040] According to one modification, it is also possible to move the workpiece by superimposing the translational feed movements, or to bring about a movement in the first translational direction by the tool and a movement in the second translational direction by the workpiece, or vice versa.

[0041] Due to the conical relief of the tool 20, the tool 20 can penetrate the narrow surface and thereby create a corresponding bore in the workpiece W. After the tool 20 has been inserted, it can be removed from workpiece W without enlarging the bore.

[0042] The workpiece is now moved further in the Y direction by means of the conveyor system, while the drilling unit is returned to a starting position.

Claims

1. Method for processing a workpiece (W), comprising the steps: providing a workpiece (W), machining the workpiece (W) with a tool (20), which tool (20) has a diameter that decreases in the direction of a tool shaft (21), wherein, during the processing operation, a relative movement between the workpiece (W) and the tool (20) is carried out in a first translational direction (X) and a second translational direction (Y), wherein the processing operation takes place by way of a superposition of two translational feed movements.

2. Method according to claim 1, wherein the tool (20) is a rotationally driven tool, in particular a drill or a milling cutter.

3. Method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein a movement is carried out in the first translational direction by the tool and a movement is carried out in the second translational direction by the workpiece, or vice versa.

4. Method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the first translational direction (X) and / or the second translational direction (Y) is a horizontal direction.

5. Method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the workpiece (W) is a plate-shaped workpiece and the tool (20) carries out the machining operation on a narrow surface of the workpiece (W).

6. Method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the workpiece (W) is moved during the processing operation with the tool (20), in particular in the second translational direction (Y).

7. Method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein an angle (α) of a surface of the workpiece (W) is recorded relative to the second translational direction (Y) or to the first translational direction (X) and a movement of the tool (20) is carried out in the first translational direction (X) and second translational direction (Y) during the processing operation based on the angle (α).

8. Method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the diameter decreasing in the direction of a tool shaft (21) is in the form of a conical free grind.

9. Method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein, during the processing operation, the relative movement between the workpiece and the tool is carried out exclusively in a first translational direction (X) and a second translational direction (Y).

10. Use of a tool (20) for carrying out a machining operation, wherein the tool (20) has a diameter that decreases in the direction of a tool shaft (21) and, during the machining operation, a relative movement between the workpiece (W) and the tool (20) is carried out in a first translational direction (X) and a second translational direction (Y), wherein the processing operation takes place by way of a superposition of two translational feed movements.

11. Use according to claim 10, wherein the tool (20) is a rotationally driven tool, in particular a drill or a milling cutter.

12. Use according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the tool (20) is driven by a tool assembly, in particular a drilling assembly, of a processing machine.

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