Formwork-stripping device for a formwork element

Abstract

The invention relates to a formwork-stripping device (1) for a formwork element, comprising a base element (2), a traction / push rod (3) and at least one formwork setting / formwork stripping element, in order to extend or retract the at least one formwork setting / formwork stripping element (4a, 4b), which is coupled laterally to the base element, by a linear movement of the traction / push rod (3) substantially parallel to the rod axis (3a) thereof relative to the base element (2) into a setting or stripping position (EP, AP). The invention also relates to a method for stripping and setting the formwork element.

Description

[0001] Stripping device for a formwork element

[0002] The invention relates to a stripping device for a formwork element comprising a base element and a tension / compression rod for extending or retracting at least one further formwork element laterally coupled to the base element into a shuttering or stripping position by a linear movement of the tension / compression rod substantially parallel to its rod axis relative to the base element. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for stripping the formwork element and a method for shuttering the corner formwork element.

[0003] At each of the corners of a shaft formwork, a corner formwork element can be arranged, which comprises a corner base element and a tension rod in order to retract further formwork elements coupled to the corner base element on both sides into a stripping position by a linear upward movement of the tension rod along its essentially vertical tension rod axis relative to the corner base element. At least one formwork element can also be arranged on walls or ceilings of a wall or ceiling formwork, which comprises a base element and a tension rod in order to retract a shuttering / stripping element coupled to the base element at least on one side into a stripping position by a linear upward movement of the tension rod essentially parallel to its essentially vertical rod axis relative to the base element.With these formworks, there are several ways to detach the formwork from the hardened concrete once the concrete poured into the formwork has finished hardening. For example, a manually operated lever tool can be placed on a corner of the shaft formwork to raise the tension rod relative to the corner base element. In addition, the movement of the tension rod for striking can be assisted by a crane. It is also known to pull the tension rod using a hydraulic hollow piston cylinder placed on the shaft formwork corner, although the manually operated lever tool must first be removed. The use of a hollow piston cylinder placed on the shaft / wall or slab formwork is cost-intensive and, in the case of shaft formwork, requires a lot of installation space above the shaft formwork level, which is particularly disadvantageous with suspended shaft formwork.While it is possible to use a reinforced special shaft corner in combination with one or more hydraulic units as an alternative to a mounted hollow piston cylinder, this results in increased planning and / or storage costs compared to a standard commercial formwork portfolio in use. Furthermore, the application spectrum is limited with regard to the type of formwork used or any mobile hydraulic system already present on the construction site. Furthermore, planned manual emergency operation of the shaft corners in the event of a hydraulic failure is usually not available, and safety precautions are often not in place to prevent uncontrolled formwork movements in the event of incorrectly connected and / or damaged hydraulic lines.The risk of uncontrolled formwork movements is always accompanied by a risk to the safety of the worker entrusted with the formwork removal, who must be given the highest priority on the construction site.

[0004] The object of the present invention is therefore to provide a stripping device that can be mounted on a formwork element from a standard formwork portfolio and that enables the stripping forces required for stripping to be introduced into the formwork element without damaging the formwork element. In particular, the stripping device should have a compact design and be easily mounted on the formwork element without requiring significant manual effort, without requiring the formwork element to be converted into a special formwork element. The stripping device according to the invention is therefore intended to avoid or at least reduce the disadvantages of the prior art when stripping formwork, which reduces the effort required for stripping and increases occupational safety.

[0005] This object is achieved by a formwork removal device having the features of patent claim 1, a method for removing the formwork from a formwork element having the features of patent claim 15, and a method for encasing the formwork element having the features of patent claim 17. The subclaims specify expedient further developments.The object of the invention is thus achieved by a stripping device for a formwork element, which comprises a base element, a tension / compression rod and at least one formwork / stripping element, in order to extend or retract the at least one formwork / stripping element laterally coupled to the base element into a formwork or stripping position by a linear movement of the tension / compression rod essentially parallel to its rod axis relative to the base element, wherein the stripping device comprises a first stripping element which comprises a contact element and a cylinder section of a lifting device arranged rigidly with respect to the contact element, wherein the lifting device can be driven by a drive unit, wherein the contact element is designed such that a piston end section of the lifting device can move away from the base element when the cylinder section is supported on the base element via the contact element lying against the base element.The stripping device further comprises a second stripping element comprising a boom that is reversibly attachable to a rod end section of the tension / compression rod and, when attached, projects from the tension / compression rod, and a tilting element coupled to the boom so as to be rotatable about a tilting axis. The tilting element is rotatably coupled to the piston end section of the lifting device so as to be rotatable about a hinge axis and is designed such that it can be supported on the base element when the piston end section moves away from the formwork element. When the boom is attached to the rod end section, a first lever arm extending perpendicular to the rod axis and the tilting axis between the rod axis and the tilting axis has a first lever arm length that is smaller than a second lever arm length of a second lever arm extending perpendicular to the rod axis and the hinge axis between the rod axis and the hinge axis.

[0006] In the formwork state, i.e. the shuttering and / or striking state, of the formwork element, the rod axis can be arranged essentially vertically, wherein a linear movement of the tension rod relative to the base element upwards results in the at least one shuttering / stripping element being retracted into the striking position. A linear movement of the tension rod relative to the base element downwards can result in the at least one shuttering / stripping element being extended into the formwork position. The state of the shuttering / stripping element extended into the shuttering position is referred to below as the shuttering state of the formwork element, and the state of the shuttering / stripping element retracted into the striking position is referred to below as the striking state of the formwork element.The drive unit can be arranged externally of the formwork stripping device and / or the formwork element and can be designed, for example, as a hydraulic unit, a pneumatic unit or, if the lifting device comprises a spindle lifting gear, as an electric motor.

[0007] By coupling the tilting element to the boom in such a way that, when the boom is attached to the rod end section, the first lever arm, which runs between the rod axis and the tilting axis, has the first lever arm length smaller than the second lever arm length of the second lever arm, which runs between the rod axis and the joint axis, when the piston end section of the lifting device moves away from the base element, a lever arm adjustment takes place from the technically possible second lever arm to the first lever arm acting on the boom, with which the force provided by the lifting device is introduced into the pull / push rod during the stripping process.The highest pressure in the lifting device and thus the highest stripping force during the stripping process will build up at the beginning of the stripping process when the formwork and formwork element break away from the concrete wall / ceiling / shaft corner, and will decrease again once the release process is complete. The force required for breakaway is not introduced into the tension / compression rod via the boom of the second stripping element, which can be attached to the piston end section of the lifting device, but rather via the tilting element, which can be supported on the base element of the formwork element, in particular directly on a tension / compression rod holder of the formwork element. Thus, during the initial lifting movement, a bending moment of the first lever arm acts on the tension / compression rod that is reduced compared to the technically possible second lever arm.Consequently, increased forces can be introduced into the stripping mechanism of the formwork element / corner formwork element in order to break free the formwork / shaft formwork without damaging the formwork element / corner formwork element or the stripping device, e.g. through permanent deformation of the same. After a completed tilting movement of the tilting element, the stripping device allows, if the boom is attached to the piston end section of the lifting device and a continued lifting movement in the same direction that led to the tilting movement of the tilting element, with a lever arm caused by the boom without the tilting element that is larger than the first lever arm caused by the tilting element on the boom, that the boom without the tilting element, with the larger lever arm, takes over the force introduction into the pull / push rod from the boom with the tilting element.The tilting movement of the tilting element can be stopped, for example, by a stop on the tilting element, which rests against the boom at a predetermined tilt angle. Due to the lower resistance to moving the formwork / stripping element after the formwork / stripping element has broken free from the concrete wall. This is because the formwork / stripping element adhering to the concrete is already detached from the concrete wall and only its own weight needs to be moved. This results in a lower lifting force for moving the formwork / stripping element into the striking position than would be the case if the element had broken free. This prevents overloading of the lifting device of the first striking element and the boom and tilting element of the second striking element, i.e. the striking device as a whole.The force for moving the tension / compression rod can be introduced into the base element efficiently and gently for the base element and the stripping device via the lever arm, which is extended compared to the first lever arm for breaking the formwork element loose from the concrete, and the lifting device and the outer section of the base element of the formwork element that rests on the contact element of the first stripping element, so that no permanent deformations occur on the base element and the stripping device due to the formwork element being placed in and / or stripped.

[0008] The introduction of the lifting force of the lifting device of the first stripping element via the first lever arm of the second stripping element, which is shortened compared to the second lever arm, into the pull / push rod for moving the pull / push rod into the stripping position of the formwork / stripping element, together with the design of the tilting element such that it can be supported directly or indirectly on the base element when the cylinder section of the lifting device moves away from the base element, allows a force introduction into the pull / push rod that protects the lifting device and the base element, so that the stripping forces required for stripping can be introduced without damaging the formwork element / corner formwork element. The lifting device of the first stripping element can be driven by a drive unit integrated into the lifting device or arranged externally of the first stripping element.The drive unit can be in the form of a hydraulic unit available on a construction site. The gentle and efficient introduction of the lifting force into the tension-compression rod with the first lever arm being shortened compared to the second lever arm allows the use of an external drive unit available on the construction site. The contact element of the first stripping element is designed such that the piston end section of the lifting device can move away from the base element when the cylinder section of the lifting device is supported on the base element via the contact element resting on the formwork element. In this way, the contact element ensures that the first stripping element rests gently on the base element and is sufficient for the introduction of the lifting force into the tension-compression rod.Since the boom can also be attached to the rod end section of the tension / compression rod, the stripping device can be retrofitted and coupled to the formwork element / corner formwork element.

[0009] The support element and the lifting device can be separate from each other or integrated. The boom, e.g., made of steel or aluminum, can be designed as a solid body and constructed from one or more components; a hollow body design is also possible. Without the drive unit, the stripping device can be compact and easily mounted on the formwork element / corner formwork element without significant manual effort. The first and second stripping elements can be integrated or can be coupled separately from each other.In the following, the base element in formwork is also used as a synonym for a corner base element of a corner formwork element and vice versa, whereby formwork / stripping elements coupled to the corner base element on both sides can be extended or retracted into a formwork or stripping position relative to the corner base element by a linear movement of the tension / compression rod, the rod axis of which is arranged essentially vertically in the formwork state of the corner formwork element.

[0010] The boom can have a stem element that can be reversibly attached to the rod end section, the stem axis of which extends substantially coaxially or parallel to the rod axis, and a boom arm element that projects from the stem element and is rigidly connected to the stem element, to which the tilting element is rotatably coupled about the tilting axis. The stem length of the stem element can be selected such that, when the boom is attached to the rod end section, the boom arm element and the tilting element are arranged outside the base element. If the rod end section is arranged within the base element, the stem element allows the push / pull rod to be "extended" outside the base element in order to rigidly connect the boom arm element that projects from the stem element to the stem element. The stem length can be selected such that the boom arm element is connected perpendicularly to the stem element.The stem element can be designed as a cylindrical hollow body, e.g., made of steel or aluminum. The cantilever arm element can be designed as a solid body and constructed from one or more components, e.g., made of steel or aluminum. A hollow body, e.g., made of steel or aluminum, is also possible. The rigid connection between the stem element and the cantilever arm element can be detachable, e.g., by means of a screw connection, or fixed, e.g., by means of a weld.

[0011] In an advantageous embodiment of the stripping device, when the tilting element is coupled to the piston end portion of the lifting device so as to be rotatable about the joint axis, a lifting axis of the lifting device can run substantially parallel to the stem axis, and the lifting device can be spaced from the stem element by substantially the second lever arm length, so that the first stripping element and the second stripping element form a U-shape. This embodiment allows for a particularly compact form of the stripping device, in which the contact element can rest on an outer surface of the base element outside the base element, and the stem element and the lifting device are arranged below the outer surface of the base element.When the stripping device is attached to the rod end section, the structural height projecting beyond the outer surface of the base element can in this case result from the height of the tilting element and / or the boom outside the base element. The structural height projecting beyond the base element can be approximately 144 mm when the lifting device is fully retracted and approximately 250 mm when the lifting device is fully extended. The first stripping element can be designed such that, when the second stripping element is attached to the rod end section, a contact element end section of the contact element arranged below the outer surface of the base element is supported on a rigid sheet metal element of the base element between frame legs, via which the at least one formwork / stripping element is coupled to the tension / compression rod, in order to introduce a support moment into the rigid sheet metal element.In this way, a stable attachment of the first stripping element to the base element is ensured (cantilever effect), especially when the rigid sheet metal element is welded to an external wall and / or the frame legs of the base element.

[0012] A compact design is achieved by having a lifting axis of the lifting device running substantially parallel to the post axis, and by having the lifting device spaced from the post element by substantially the second lever arm length, so that the first and second stripping elements form a U-shape. In this case, if the post element is attached to the rod end section, the structural height of the stripping device outside the base element can be determined substantially by the height of the tilting element.

[0013] An advantageous embodiment is provided when, in a state in which the boom is attached to the rod end section, the tilting element has a support section for supporting the base element in a first section of the tilting element, which, with respect to a surface with the rod axis and a normal vector perpendicular to the tilting axis, lies opposite a second section of the tilting element, in which second section the tilting element is coupled to the boom so as to be rotatable about the tilting axis. The support section can thus provide support for the first lever arm during a lifting movement for stripping the formwork element, without impairing the effect of the first lever arm when introducing the lifting force into the pull / push rod. A horizontal fixation of the tilting element can be achieved, which leads to a stable movement of the tilting element and thus of the pull / push rod.

[0014] An edge of the support section of the tilting element facing the stem element can at least partially adjoin an outer side of the stem element facing the edge at a contact distance, without contact, wherein the contact distance is selected such that the outer side of the stem element can be moved just without friction on the edge of the support section. In this way, the first lever arm can be used to introduce the lifting force into the pull / push rod without extension due to an avoidable distance of the support section from the stem axis. By introducing the vertical force directly at a weld-in sleeve of the drawbar guide of the frame profile of the base element for guiding the pull / push rod, a central tubular profile stiffener can be used to prevent permanent deformation of the base element. In addition, a horizontal force can be introduced into pressed-in crimp sleeves of a frame profile of the base element.The pressed-in flanged sleeves represent a local doubling of material and are therefore better suited for the introduction of horizontal forces without permanent deformation than areas of the basic element with a single wall thickness.

[0015] A particularly advantageous embodiment is provided when the first stripping element comprises a wear layer element, which can in particular be designed as a horseshoe-shaped plate, which is arranged at least between the contact element and the first section of the tilting element in the region of the support section when the tilting element is rotatably coupled to the piston end section of the lifting device about the joint axis. The supporting force of the support section of the tilting element can thus be introduced into the wear layer element of the first stripping element instead of into an outer surface of the base element, which avoids permanent deformation of the base element or at least reduces it compared to an embodiment of the stripping element without a wear layer element.

[0016] If the boom is fastened to the rod end section, the boom can advantageously be coupled to the piston end section of the lifting device in a region protruding from the pull / push rod, in particular in a region protruding from the pull / push rod on a boom end section, in such a way that, on the one hand, a third lever arm running perpendicular to the rod axis between the rod axis and the piston end section of the lifting device has a third lever arm length which is greater than the first lever arm length of the first lever arm, and, on the other hand, during a continued lifting movement of the lifting device in one direction, a force is introduced into the pull / push rod substantially parallel to the rod axis for stripping, first from the tilting element into the boom using only the first lever arm and subsequently from the boom using only the third lever arm.In this way, a tensile or compressive force of the lifting device for the base element, which is reduced compared to the first lever arm, can be gently and effectively introduced into the tension / compression rod via the third lever arm, which is longer than the first lever arm, the lifting device and the outer surface of the base element, and permanent deformation of the base element and / or the stripping element can be avoided. A simple design for the third lever arm results if the boom has an elongated hole oriented in the direction of the lifting movement in the area protruding from the tension / compression rod and a pin element, in particular in the form of a bolt, is passed through the elongated hole and is coupled to the piston end section of the lifting device and is coupled to the tilting element so as to be rotatable about the joint axis of the tilting element such that the third lever arm corresponds to the second lever arm.

[0017] The tilting element can advantageously have the shape of a clamp with two legs, which are connected to each other at both ends, in which the cantilever is arranged. The tilting axis is formed by a rod element, in particular in the shape of a bolt, which passes through the two legs and the cantilever. This results in a flat design with a low overall height and low material requirements, while maintaining sufficient rigidity to transmit the forces required for stripping the formwork element.

[0018] An advantageous embodiment exists when the lifting device is designed to be driven by the drive unit in the form of a hydraulic unit, pneumatic unit, a spindle lifting gear with a rotary motor, in particular an electric motor, or manually by means of a crank or ratchet, or by a combination thereof. Hydraulic units are often already present on a construction site for use, for example, in climbing systems. If the drive unit is arranged externally with respect to the lifting device, the stripping device can be designed to be compact and lightweight so that it can be manually mounted to the base element. This simplifies assembly of the stripping device and increases work safety compared to a design with a drive unit enclosed by the lifting device.

[0019] To ensure a high level of occupational safety, the formwork stripping device can have a valve device connected between the hydraulic unit and the lifting device. This valve device comprises either cylinder- and piston-side load-holding valves and a piston- or cylinder-side pressure-relief valve, or cylinder- and piston-side check valves and a piston- or cylinder-side pressure-relief valve. Cylinder- and piston-side load-holding valves ensure that the hydraulic cylinder of the lifting device remains in its respective lifting position, regardless of external events, such as a hydraulic unit stop, pressure loss in a hydraulic line, or external load, during both the stripping movement to release the formwork element from the concrete wall and the shuttering movement to precisely position the formwork according to the design specifications. This provides a safety function that prevents uncontrolled movement of the formwork.A piston-side pressure relief valve provides an overload protection function such that, if the applied oil pressure exceeds the permissible operating level, e.g., 190 bar, the excess pressure is automatically diverted from a supply line to a return line without damaging connected components or the lifting device and / or hydraulic unit itself.

[0020] A simple way to use the stripping device together with other stripping devices is to connect the valve device to the hydraulic unit via a first pair of couplings for supply lines and a second pair of couplings for return lines, particularly with T-pieces integrated into the valve device and / or the supply and return lines. Four visible connections can be provided, with two connections forming a pair of supply couplings and the other two connections forming a pair of return couplings. Instead of specially designed hydraulic ring lines with branches, the stripping devices can be connected and disconnected using simple standard hoses, e.g., via quick-release fasteners, which promotes work efficiency on the construction site.In addition, if several valve devices are connected via supply and return lines, a load-optimized, uncontrolled oil supply can be implemented in the form of a ring supply line, where the principle of least constraint applies. The oil volume determines which cylinder will build up pressure first. According to the "principle of least constraint," the formwork elements with lower holding resistance are initially released until, finally, the maximum oil pressure (with the highest efficiency) is available for the more strongly adhering formwork elements. This ensures a load-optimized, uncontrolled oil supply to all valve devices and lifting devices.

[0021] In a further advantageous embodiment, the tilting element can have a crane eyelet. Particularly advantageously, when the boom is attached to the rod end section, the crane eyelet can be located in a first section of the tilting element, which, with respect to a surface with the rod axis and a normal vector perpendicular to the tilting axis, lies opposite a second section of the tilting element, in which the tilting element is coupled to the boom so as to be rotatable about the tilting axis. During a pulling movement of a crane or other lifting device on several crane eyes with stripping devices resting on several base elements, a formwork with several formwork elements / corner formwork elements can be lifted after stripping and removed from the area of ​​the concrete that has hardened by means of the formwork.If the lifting device of the stripping device or the drive unit is defective, stripping can be carried out using the second stripping element by a lifting movement of a crane whose crane hook is coupled to the crane eye, particularly if the first stripping element is uncoupled from the second stripping element. For simple and safe manual assembly or disassembly of the second stripping element and / or the base element, the first stripping element can comprise at least one handle, for example designed as an elongated hole, oriented perpendicular to the rod axis and / or at least one further handle, for example designed as an elongated hole, oriented parallel to the rod axis.

[0022] The invention also encompasses a formwork arrangement which comprises the formwork removal device according to the invention, the base element and the formwork element.

[0023] The invention also encompasses a method for stripping a formwork element, in particular a corner formwork element for the formwork and stripping of internal corners, in particular shafts, wherein the formwork element comprises a base element, a tension / compression rod, and at least one formwork / stripping element, in order to extend or retract the at least one formwork / stripping element laterally coupled to the base element into a formwork or stripping position by a linear movement of the tension / compression rod, essentially parallel to its rod axis, relative to the base element. The method comprises the following steps: a) providing a formwork element and a stripping device according to the invention, b) reversibly fastening the boom of the second stripping element of the stripping device to the rod end section of the tension / compression rod,c) coupling the tilting element of the second stripping element of the stripping device to the piston end section of the lifting device of the first stripping element of the stripping device in such a way that the tilting element is rotatable about the joint axis relative to the boom, d) connecting a drive unit, in particular in the form of a hydraulic unit, pneumatic unit or, if the lifting device comprises a spindle lifting gear, an electric motor, to the lifting device of the stripping device, if the drive unit is not included in the lifting device, and e) activating the drive unit in such a way that by a lifting movement of the piston end section of the lifting device in a direction away from the base element, in particular an upward direction substantially parallel to the rod axis,a force is introduced into the tension / compression rod substantially parallel to the rod axis for striking the formwork element from the tilting element using the first lever arm, and f) carrying out the linear movement of the tension / compression rod relative to the base element in order to retract the at least one formwork element laterally coupled to the base element into the striking position.

[0024] An efficient introduction of forces into the tension / compression rod which is gentle on the base element and / or the stripping device is achieved if, in step a) of the method for stripping a formwork element described above, the following additional steps are carried out: a1) providing the boom with an elongated hole oriented in the direction of the lifting movement in an area projecting from the tension / compression rod, a2) passing a pin element, in particular in the form of a bolt, which is coupled to the piston end section of the lifting device through the elongated hole, a3) coupling the pin element to the tilting element in such a way that the pin element is coupled to the tilting element so as to be rotatable about the joint axis of the tilting element, and in which step f) additionally comprises the steps: f1) carrying out a continued lifting movement of the lifting device in one direction,f2) introducing a force into the tension / compression rod substantially parallel to the rod axis for stripping first from the tilting element using the first lever arm, and f3) introducing a further force into the tension / compression rod substantially parallel to the rod axis for stripping subsequently from the boom using the second lever arm extending between the rod axis and the pin element perpendicular to the rod axis.

[0025] A further method of the invention is used for the shuttering of a formwork element, in particular a corner formwork element for the shuttering and stripping of internal corners, in particular of shafts, wherein the formwork element comprises a base element, a tension / compression rod and at least one shuttering / stripping element in order to extend or retract the at least one shuttering / stripping element laterally coupled to the base element into a shuttering or stripping position by a linear movement of the tension / compression rod substantially parallel to its rod axis relative to the base element.The method comprises the steps: a) carrying out steps a) to d) according to the previously described method for striking a formwork element, e) activating the drive unit in such a way that a force is introduced into the tension / compression rod of the base element by means of a lifting movement of the lifting device in a direction towards the base element, in particular in a direction directed downwards substantially parallel to the rod axis, from the tilting element using the second lever arm into the tension / compression rod for shuttering the formwork element, and f) carrying out the linear movement of the tension / compression rod relative to the base element in order to extend the at least one shuttering / stripping element laterally coupled to the base element into the shuttering position.

[0026] The above-described methods according to the invention have advantages and effects corresponding to the above-described stripping devices according to the invention.

[0027] Further features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of an exemplary embodiment of the invention, from the patent claims, and from the figures, which illustrate details essential to the invention. The features shown in the figures are presented in such a way that the special features of the invention can be clearly seen. The various features can be implemented individually or in combinations in variants of the invention. In the figures, identical reference numerals designate identical or corresponding elements.

[0028] They show:

[0029] Fig. 1 ac a spatial external view (a) of the stripping device according to the invention mounted on a corner base element of a corner formwork element with shuttering / stripping elements in a shuttering position, a side view (b) of this stripping device combined with a cross-sectional view of a tension / compression rod of the corner formwork element and a stem element of a cantilever of the stripping device and a spatial side and rear view (c) of this stripping device combined with a cross-sectional view of the corner base element,

[0030] Fig. 2a, b spatial external views of a first stripping element (a) and a second stripping element (b) of the stripping device according to the invention,

[0031] Fig. 3 is a side view of the stripping device according to the invention combined with a cross-sectional view of a tilting element of the second stripping element of a cantilever of the stripping device for a side view of a section of a cantilever of the second stripping element with a slotted hole,

[0032] Fig. 4a, b a spatial external view (a) of a lifting device, a valve device and a connection unit of the formwork device according to the invention (a) and a valve circuit diagram (b) of the valve device for connecting the lifting device to a hydraulic unit,

[0033] Fig. 5a-d spatial external views of assembly steps for mounting the stripping device shown in Fig. 1 into the corner formwork element with the shuttering / stripping elements in the shuttering position for stripping the corner formwork element,

[0034] Fig. 6 is a connection diagram for connecting a hydraulic unit to four valve devices, each shown in Fig. 4a,

[0035] Fig. 7a-h side views of the stripping device according to the invention mounted on the corner formwork element with the tilting element shown in dashed lines for the side view of the boom of the second stripping element during a movement sequence of the lifting device for stripping the corner formwork element,

[0036] Fig. 7a'-h' front views of the stripping device according to the invention mounted on the corner formwork element corresponding to the side views shown in Fig. 7a-h during the movement sequence of the lifting device for stripping the corner formwork element with external views of articulated levers coupled to the tension / compression rod in different positions relative to the tension / compression rod,

[0037] Fig. 8a-c side views of the stripping device according to the invention mounted on the corner formwork element with the tilting element shown in dashed lines for the side view of the boom of the second stripping element during a movement sequence of the lifting device for shuttering the corner formwork element,

[0038] Fig. 8a'-c' front views of the stripping device according to the invention mounted on the corner formwork element corresponding to the side views shown in Fig. 8a-c during the movement sequence of the lifting device for shuttering the corner formwork element with external views of the articulated levers in different positions relative to the tension / compression rod, and

[0039] Fig. 9a, b spatial external views of the first stripping element (a) and the second stripping element (b) of the stripping device according to the invention as a prototype.

[0040] Fig. 1 a shows a spatial external view of the stripping device 1 according to the invention mounted on a corner base element 2 with formwork / stripping elements 4a, 4b in a formwork position EP of the formwork / stripping elements 4a, 4b relative to the corner base element 2. The stripping device 1 comprises a first stripping element 1 a and a second stripping element 1 b, wherein the first stripping element 1 a comprises a support element 5 and a lifting device 6 and the second stripping element 1 b comprises a boom 10 and a tilting element 1 1 rotatably coupled to the boom 10. A cylinder section 6b of the lifting device 6 is arranged rigidly relative to the support element 5, wherein the cylinder section 6b can encompass the support element 5. In Fig. 1 a, the cylinder section 6b is designed as an element separate from the support element 5.A wear layer element 8 is arranged between a support section of the tilting element 11 and a surface of the contact element 5 in order to prevent, during a movement of a piston end section in the Y direction at the beginning of a stripping process of the stripping device 1, the support section of the tilting element 11 in the negative Y direction from directly contacting a surface of the corner base element 2 with a normal vector in the Y direction, thereby avoiding permanent deformation of the surface of the corner base element 2. The boom 10 comprises a cylindrical stem element which is reversibly connected to a rod end section 3b of a pull / push rod 3, wherein a stem axis of the stem element of the boom 10 is parallel to a rod axis 3a of the pull / push rod 3.The corner formwork element comprises the tension / compression rod 3, which is coupled to the formwork / stripping elements 4a, 4b via articulated levers, such that upon movement of the tension / compression rod 3 in the Y direction relative to the corner base element 2, the formwork / stripping elements 4a, 4b are retracted from the formwork-setting position EP into a stripping position AP relative to the corner base element 2. It is possible for the tension / compression rod 3 to be pushed in the Y direction for stripping from below the corner formwork element by means of the stripping device 1, instead of being pulled in the Y direction from above the corner formwork element by means of the stripping device 1, as in the present embodiment.It is also possible for the tension / compression rod 3 to be pulled in the negative Y-direction for shuttering from below the corner formwork element by means of the stripping device 1, instead of being pushed in the negative Y-direction from above the corner formwork element by means of the stripping device 1, as in the present embodiment.

[0041] The tilting element 11 comprises a crane eye KOE, which is arranged as a recess in the negative X direction at one end section of the tilting element 11. The first stripping element 1a has a handle H1 in the form of an elongated hole oriented in the Z direction for manually coupling the first stripping element 1a to the second stripping element 1b. A valve device VV is connected to the lifting device 6 of the first stripping element 1a, via which the lifting device 6 can be connected to a hydraulic unit.

[0042] In Fig. 1 b, the stripping device 1 shown in Fig. 1 a is shown in a side view combined with a cross-sectional view of the tension / compression rod 3 of the corner formwork element and the stem element 10a of the boom 10. When the stem element 10a is fastened to the rod end section 3b, the stem axis 10a1 is parallel to the rod axis 3a of the tension / compression rod 3. The contact element 5 rests on an outer surface of the corner base element 2 and is designed such that a piston end section 6a of the lifting device 6 can move away from the corner base element 2 when the cylinder section 6b is supported on the corner base element 2 via the contact element 5 resting on the corner base element 2. A boom arm element 10b projects substantially vertically in the X direction from the cylindrical stem element 10a, wherein the tilting element 11 is rotatably coupled to the boom 10 about a tilting axis A1 by means of a rod element SA.The tilting axis A1 formed by the rod element SA lies in the Z direction like a joint axis A2 formed by a pin element S1, via which the tilting element 11 is coupled to a piston end section 6a of the lifting device 6. In a state in which the boom 10 is fastened to the rod end section 3b via the stem element 10a, a first lever arm running perpendicular to the rod axis 3a, which is oriented in the Y direction, and the tilting axis A1, which is oriented in the Z direction, between the rod axis 3a and the tilting axis A1 has a lever arm length that is smaller than a further lever arm length of another lever arm between the rod axis 3a and the joint axis A2, which runs perpendicular to the rod axis 3a and the joint axis A2. The first stripping element 1a has a further handle H2a with an elongated hole oriented in the Y direction.A connection unit 7 is connected to the valve device VV in such a way that supply / return lines can be connected to the connection unit 7 in order to supply the lifting device 6 with oil or oil pressure by means of the valve device VV.

[0043] Fig. 1 c shows a three-dimensional side and rear view of the stripping device 1 combined with a cross-sectional view of the corner base element 2 of the corner formwork element with the corner base element 2, the tension / compression rod 3 and the formwork / stripping elements 4a, 4b. In addition to the handle H2a shown in Fig. 1 b, there is a second handle H2b designed as a slot in the Y direction (not shown), which is offset parallel to the handle H2a in the Z direction and is arranged symmetrically to an x / y plane to the handle H2a. The tilting axis A1, via which the tilting element 1 1 is rotatably coupled to the boom 10, is parallel to the joint axis A2, via which the tilting element 1 1 is rotatably connected to the piston end section 6a. In the fully retracted state of the lifting device 6, the stripping device 1 has a construction height above the corner base element 2 in the Y direction, which is determined by the construction height of the post element 10a.In other embodiments, the overall height of the stripping device 1 can be substantially determined by the overall height of the tilting element 11. A lifting axis of the lifting device 6 is substantially parallel to the post axis 10a1 and is spaced apart in the X direction from the post axis 10a1 of the post element 10a by a distance determined by a length of the cantilever arm element 10b. When the stripping device 1 is mounted on the corner formwork element in the shuttering state, the stripping device 1 has a compact design, which ensures a low installation space requirement on the construction site and reduces the risk of a tripping hazard for a worker on the construction site.When the stripping device 1 is mounted on the corner formwork element with the corner base element 2, crimped sleeves are arranged below the wear layer element 8 in a frame profile of the corner base element 2. These crimped sleeves increase the stability of the corner base element 2 in the area that is subjected to high mechanical stress during a lifting movement in the Y direction due to the support section of the tilting element 11 being placed over the wear layer element 8 on the corner base element 2. The valve device VV and the connection unit 7 are connected in the form of a "valve backpack" with an orientation in the Y direction to the lifting device 6, which is also oriented in the Y direction.By aligning the design of the valve device VV and the connection unit 7 in the Y direction, in which the lifting device 6 is oriented, a compact design of the first connection element 1a is achieved, which means that the first stripping element 1a can be easily mounted to the already mounted second stripping element 1b. Figures 2a and 2b show spatial external views of the first stripping element 1a and the second stripping element 1b of the stripping device 1. In Fig. 2a, in the first stripping element 1a, the handle H1, which is oriented in the Z direction, is arranged perpendicular to the further handle H2a, which is oriented in the Y direction.The support element 5 has the horseshoe-shaped wear layer element 8, which is arranged on an upper support element section 5a1 of the support element 5, wherein a lower support element section 5a2 of the support element 5 is arranged parallel to and offset in the Y direction from the wear layer element 8 and the upper support element section 5a1. Like the wear layer element 8 and the upper support element section 5a1, the lower support element section 5a2 has a horseshoe shape with an opening in the negative X direction, so that the first stripping element 1a can be mounted on the corner base element 2 in such a way that a vertical force introduction in the negative Y direction can occur directly at a weld-in sleeve of a tension / compression pipe guide of the frame profile of the corner base element 2.The first stripping element 1a is assembled using two screw connections, which can be carried out using bolts B1, B2 that can be inserted in the negative Y-direction and secured using locking rings / Z-pins. A tubular profile stiffener that is central relative to the tension / compression rod 3 can thus be used to stably attach the first stripping element 1a to the corner base element 2. In addition to the upper and lower contact element sections 5a1, 5a2, the contact element 5 also has a contact element end section 5b that allows the support moment to be introduced into welded-in rigid sheet metal elements between frame legs that are arranged on the corner base element 2 in order to couple the formwork / stripping elements 4a, 4b to the corner base element 2.By abutting the contact element end section 5b against the rigid sheet metal element between the frame legs of the corner formwork element, support in the negative X-direction can occur by means of a cantilever effect (see also the arrangement of the first stripping element 1a on the corner formwork element as shown in Figures 1b and 1c). Due to the alignment of the contact element 5 in the X-direction with a contact surface in the x / z plane and an alignment of the lifting device 6 with the valve device VV and the connecting element 7 perpendicular to the contact element 5 in the negative Y-direction, a design for the first stripping element 1a is obtained which allows installation on an upper frame profile of the corner base element 2 essentially parallel to the tension / compression tube 3.This results in a low overall height of the stripping device 1 above the corner base element 2, which is essentially determined by the overall height of the tilting element 11 and can be 144 mm when the lifting device 6 is fully retracted and 250 mm when the lifting device 6 is fully extended. In addition, the corner formwork element is easily accessible for the assembly of the first stripping element 1a for a possible retrofitting of the stripping device 1 to an existing corner formwork element.

[0044] Fig. 2b shows a spatial external view of the second stripping element 1b, with the rod element SA acting as the tilting axis A1 and the pin element S1 acting as the joint axis A2. The tilting element 11 is rotatably coupled to the cantilever arm element 10b of the cantilever 10 via the tilting axis A1, and the tilting element 11 can be coupled to the piston end section 6a of the lifting device 6 of the first stripping element 1a via the joint axis A2. The stem element 10a of the cantilever 10 is hollow-cylindrical in shape with the stem axis 10a1. The tilting element 1 1 has a support section 1 1 a for supporting the corner base element 2, which is shown in Figures 1 a to 1 c, in a first section of the tilting element 1 1, which, with respect to a surface with the stem axis 10a1 and a normal vector perpendicular to the tilting axis A1, is opposite a second section of the tilting element 1 1, in that the tilting element 1 1 is coupled to the cantilever arm element 10b so as to be rotatable about the tilting axis A1.The crane eye KOE is arranged in the first section of the tilting element 11, in which the support section 11a is arranged. The tilting element 11 has two legs that are oriented in the X direction and spaced from each other in the Z direction such that the cantilever arm element 10b can be arranged between the legs of the tilting element 11. In this way, a design with low material expenditure for the tilting element 11 can be achieved with high stability of the tilting element 11 and a low design of the tilting element 11. In this way, it is also possible for the joint axis A2 not only to be used to couple the tilting element 11 to the piston end section 6a, but also to couple a section, in particular an end section, of the cantilever arm element 10b to the piston end section 6a via the same joint axis A2. In Fig.3 shows a side view of the formwork stripping device 1 combined with a cross-sectional view of the tilting element 11 to show a side view of a portion of the boom 10 with a slot LL oriented in the Y direction. The piston end portion 6a is fully retracted into the cylinder portion 6b of the lifting device 6 such that the pin element S1 forming the joint axis A2 rests against a lower edge in the negative Y direction of the slot LL. A first lever arm HA1 extending perpendicular to the rod axis 3a and the tilting axis A1 between the rod axis 3a and the tilting axis A1 has a first lever arm length HL1 that is smaller than a second lever arm length HL2 of a second lever arm HA2 extending perpendicular to the rod axis 3a and the joint axis A2. When the piston end portion 6a is fully retracted into the cylinder portion 6b, as shown in Fig.3, the support section 11a rests against the wear layer element 8 in such a way that an outer surface of the support section 11a facing the wear layer element 8 is parallel to an outer surface of the wear layer element 8 facing the support section 11a. When the piston end section 6a moves away from the cylinder section 6b in the Y direction, the tilting element 11 is first rotated counterclockwise relative to the cantilever arm element 10b, wherein the cantilever arm element 10b and thus the cantilever 10 are at rest due to the path not traversed by the pin element S1 in the elongated hole LL. Only when the piston end section 6a rests against an upper edge of the elongated hole LL in the Y direction is the cantilever arm element 10b and thus the cantilever 10 carried along and moved by the pin element S1 in the Y direction due to the lifting movement of the piston end section 6a in the Y direction. A force introduction into the tension / compression tube 3 therefore takes place in the case shown in Fig.3 such that firstly during a stripping process the force is applied by means of a tilting movement of the tilting element 11 relative to the boom 10 with the first lever arm HA1 with the first lever arm length HL1 and then, when the pin element S1 has passed through the elongated hole LL, the force is no longer applied via the tilting element 11 but via the boom 10 into the tension / compression rod 3, wherein then a second lever arm HA2 extended to the first lever arm HA1 with a lever arm length HL2 which is greater than the first lever arm length HL1 is used.With a substantially constant lifting force throughout the lifting movement of the piston end section 6a in the Y direction, a small first lever arm HA1 is initially provided with a large force introduction into the tension / compression rod 3 to break the corner formwork element free from the concrete adjacent to it during striking, and after the corner formwork element has broken free from the concrete, an extended second lever arm HA2 is automatically provided with a smaller force introduction into the tension / compression rod 3 than the first lever arm HA1 due to the mechanical arrangement of the tilting element 11 to the boom 10. In this way, the lifting device 6 can be used for load-optimized, automatically controlled lever arm adjustment during the striking process.The effect of a small lever arm initially present during a striking process and a large lever arm subsequently present when the lifting movement for striking is continued can also be achieved according to the invention if the boom 10 is not connected to the tilting element 11 by means of an elongated hole LL oriented in the direction of the lifting movement. As soon as the tilting element 11 no longer rests against the corner base element 2 via its support section 11a in order to introduce the force of the lifting device 6 into the tension / compression rod 3 via the lever arm HA1, but rather the tilting element 11 is lifted off the corner base element 2 as the lifting movement in the Y direction is continued for striking, the further force is automatically no longer introduced via the first lever arm HA1, but via the second lever arm HA2. In this respect, an embodiment in which the boom 10 has an elongated hole LL oriented in the direction of the lifting movement for striking is not essential to the invention.Instead, the tilting element 11 can be coupled to the boom 10 only via the tilting axis A1 and to the piston end section 6a via the joint axis A2. Instead of using an elongated hole LL in the boom 10, the tilting element 11 can be designed such that after undergoing a tilting movement through a predetermined angle, a section of the tilting element 11 rests against the boom 10 in such a way that further tilting movement is prevented. During further lifting movement in the Y direction for stripping, the tilting element 11 is then no longer tilted relative to the boom 10, but the force is then introduced via the larger lever arm HA2 and the boom 10, since the smaller lever arm HA1 is no longer able to introduce force into the pull / push rod 3.By using the longer second lever arm HA2 after the corner formwork element has been broken away from the concrete by using the smaller first lever arm HA1, a smaller force is introduced into the tension-Z-compression rod 3 compared to the first lever arm HA1 in such a way that the stripping process can take place without permanent deformation of the corner base element 2 and / or cantilever 10.Already during the breaking away of the corner base element 2 of the corner formwork element from the concrete using the first lever arm HA1, a permanent deformation of the corner base element 2 can be avoided or at least reduced compared to the prior art in that an edge of the support section 11a of the tilting element 11 facing the stem element 10a adjoins at least partially without contact an outer side of the stem element 10a facing the edge with a contact distance at which the outer side of the stem element 10a can be moved just without friction on the edge of the support section 11a.

[0045] Fig. 4a shows a spatial external view of the lifting device 6, the valve device VV, and the connection unit 7 of the formwork removal device 1. A first inlet connection Z1 extends out of the valve device VV in the Z direction, and a first return connection R1 extends out of the valve device VV in the negative Z direction. A second inlet connection Z2 and a second return connection R2 also extend out of the valve device VV in the X direction, with the second inlet and return connections spaced apart from each other in the Z direction.The connections Z1, Z2, R1, R2 are guided in the negative Y direction along the valve device VV in such a way that, when the first stripping element 1a is assembled to the second stripping element 1b and / or to a formwork element or the corner formwork element, the connection of supply and return lines can be made along the tension / compression rod 3, i.e. in the Y direction, which results in a small installation space for the supply and return lines. The valve device VV and the connection unit 7 with the supply connections Z1 and Z2 and the return connections R1, R2 have the shape of a backpack that can be placed on the lifting device 6 in the negative X direction. The valve device VV and the connection unit 7 are arranged in the negative Y direction below the cylinder section 6b on the lifting device 6 such that the valve device VV can lie flush against the lifting device 6 with a surface facing the lifting device 6.

[0046] Fig. 4b shows a valve circuit diagram of the valve device VV for connecting the lifting device 6 to a hydraulic unit. The valve device VV is connected between the (not shown) hydraulic unit and the lifting device 6 in such a way that cylinder- and piston-side load-holding valves LHV1, LHV2 and a piston-side pressure-limiting valve DBV are connected between the lifting device 6 with a piston K and a piston rod KS and the hydraulic unit. The load-holding valves LHV1, LHV2 are connected in such a way that during both a formwork removal movement and a formwork closure movement, a hydraulic cylinder of the lifting device 6 remains in its respective lifting position regardless of external events, e.g. a stop of the hydraulic unit, a pressure loss in a hydraulic line, or an external load effect.This prevents uncontrolled movements of the formwork element or the corner formwork element, which saves energy and, in particular, increases occupational safety. The pressure relief valve DBV is connected in such a way that if the applied oil pressure exceeds a permissible operating level, for example 190 bar, the resulting oil excess pressure is automatically diverted from the supply line ZL1 or ZL2 to the return line with the return connections R1, R2, whereby connected components, for example the lifting device 6 itself, are not damaged. The pressure relief valve DBV therefore assumes an overload protection function for the lifting device 6. The valve device VV is connected to the hydraulic unit by means of a first pair of couplings with the supply connections Z1, Z2 and a second pair of couplings with the return connections R1, R2.T-pieces TS1 for the first coupling pair and TS2 for the second coupling pair are integrated into the valve device VV in such a way that, instead of specially prepared hydraulic ring lines with branches, when using several formwork devices 1, simple standard hoses can be connected to each other, for example by quick loss.

[0047] Figures 5a to 5d each show spatial external views of assembly steps for installing the stripping device 1 shown in Fig. 1 into the corner formwork element with the formwork / stripping elements 4a, 4b in the formwork position EP for stripping the corner formwork element. In Fig. 5a, the corner formwork element with the corner base element 2 and the formwork / stripping elements 4a, 4b is in the formwork position EP such that the articulated levers 4a1, 4b1 are aligned perpendicular to the tension / compression rod 3 with the rod axis 3a. The second stripping element 1b with the post element 10a, the cantilever arm element 10b, the tilting element 11 with legs 11c, 11b, each aligned in the X direction, is arranged above an outer surface of the corner base element 2. The rod axis 3a is parallel to the stem axis 10a1 of the stem element 10a and coaxial therewith. In Fig.5b, the second stripping element 1b is inserted into the corner base element 2 such that the stem element 10a is inserted into the rod end section 3b of the tension / compression rod 3 and is fastened thereto in order to be able to introduce a force in the Y direction into the tension / compression rod 3. The first stripping element 1a with piston end section 6a and cylinder section 6b is arranged relative to the second stripping element 1b such that, upon movement in the negative X direction, the wearing layer element 8 can bear directly or with an air gap against the support section 11a of the tilting element 11. In addition, the upper contact element section 5a1, the lower contact element section 5a2, and the contact element end section 5b can engage in the corner formwork element such that an end section of the cantilever arm element 10b can be connected to the piston end section 6a. In Fig.5c shows two bolts B1, B2 oriented in the Y direction, which are inserted through recesses in the wearing layer element 8, the upper contact element section 5a1 and the lower contact element section 5a2 (concealed by the corner base element 2) and then secured, for example by a respective locking ring or pin, in order to fasten the first stripping element 1a to the corner formwork element. The support section 11a of the tilting element 11 can now be supported on the wearing layer element 8 when the piston end section 6a moves in the Y direction to strip the corner formwork element. In Fig. 5d, the first stripping element 1a is mounted on the outer surface of the corner base element 2 with a normal vector in the Y direction, with the second stripping element 1b coupled to it, wherein the corner formwork element is in the shuttering position EP.The support element 5 is attached to the corner base element 2 by means of bolts B1, B2 oriented in the Y direction. Inlet connections Z1, Z2 and return connections R1, R2 are oriented at their ends in the negative Y direction, so that corresponding inlet and return lines can be pushed onto the inlet connections Z1, Z2 and return connections R1, R2 in the Y direction and connected to them. Since the formwork removal process has not yet begun, the articulated levers 4a1, 4b1 are still oriented perpendicular to the tension / compression rod 3, so that the formwork / stripping elements 4a, 4b are fully extended relative to the corner base element 2.

[0048] Fig. 6 shows a connection diagram for connecting a hydraulic unit 12 to four valve devices VV, each as shown in Fig. 4a. At the beginning of the assembly of the inlet and return lines to the corresponding inlet and return connections, no lines are connected. The four valve devices VV shown in Fig. 6 are referred to below from left to right as valve device 1, 2, 3 and 4. First, the hydraulic unit 12 is connected via the inlet line ZL1 to the inlet connection Z2 of the first valve device. Then, the inlet connection Z1 of the first valve device is connected to the inlet connection Z2 via the inlet line ZL2. Then, the inlet connection Z1 of the second valve device is connected via the inlet line ZL3 to the inlet connection Z2 of the third valve device.The inlet port Z1 of the third valve device is then connected to the inlet port Z2 of the fourth valve device via the inlet line ZL4. The hydraulic unit is then connected to the return port R2 of the first valve device via the return line RL1. The first return port R1 of the first valve device is connected to the second return port of the second valve device via the return line RL2, and then the first return port of the second valve device is connected to the second return port of the third valve device via the return line RL3. Finally, the first return port R1 of the third valve device is connected to the second return port of the fourth valve device via the return line RL4. The hydraulic unit shown in Fig.The circuit shown in Fig. 6, comprising four valve devices, each with its lifting devices 6 connected to it, represents an uncontrolled, annular supply line for the individual lifting devices. The oil volume provided by the hydraulic unit 12 therefore determines which lifting device will first experience pressure buildup. According to the "principle of least force," the formwork elements / corner formwork elements with low holding resistance are initially released until the maximum oil pressure available from the hydraulic unit 12 is finally provided for more strongly adhering formwork elements / corner formwork elements. Therefore, the annular supply line shown in Fig. 6 provides a load-optimized, uncontrolled oil supply for striking multiple formwork elements / corner formwork elements.

[0049] Figures 7a to 7h show side views of the stripping devices 1 mounted on the corner formwork element, with the tilting element 11 shown in dashed lines, for a side view of the boom 10 during a movement sequence of the lifting device 6 for stripping the corner formwork element. Figures 7a' to 7h' are shown below each of Figures 7a to 7h, showing front views of the stripping devices 1 mounted on the corner formwork element, corresponding to the side views shown in Figures 7a to 7h during the movement sequence of the lifting device 6 for stripping the corner formwork element, with external views of articulated levers 4a1, 4b1 coupled to the pull / push rod 3 in different positions relative to the pull / push rod 3.At the start of the striking process, the corner formwork element is in the shuttering state, so that the shuttering / stripping elements 4a, 4b are extended into the shuttering position EP relative to the corner base element 2. Therefore, the articulated levers 4a1, 4b1 are oriented in a vertical position relative to the rod axis 3a of the tension / compression rod 3. The initial distance between the joint axis A2 and an upper edge of the cylinder section 6b dO is defined by the piston end section 6a forming the joint axis A2 being fully retracted into the cylinder section 6b. The pin element S1 forming the joint axis A2 rests in the negative Y direction against a lower edge of the elongated hole LL of the cantilever arm element 10b of the cantilever 10, which is oriented in the Y direction. In Figures 7b, a distance d1 between the hinge axis A2 and the upper edge of the cylinder portion 6b is greater than the distance dO shown in Fig. 7a.The support section 11a rests against the wear layer element 8 in such a way that a lifting force due to the movement of the piston end section 6a away from the cylinder section 6b can be introduced into the pull / push rod 3 by means of the first lever arm HA1, as shown in Fig. 3. Due to the movement of the pull / push rod 3 in the Y direction, the articulated levers 4a1, 4b1 have an angle that is larger than a right angle compared to a section of the pull / push rod 3 that is arranged between the articulated levers 4a1, 4b1 and the tilting element 11. In Figures 7c, 7c', the formwork removal device 1 is shown in a state in which the piston end section 6a has moved away by a distance d2 between the joint axis A2 and the upper edge of the cylinder section 6b, wherein the distance d2 is greater than the distance dl shown in Figures 7b, 7b'. The lifting movement is controlled by the control device shown in Fig.3 is introduced into the pull / push rod 3, wherein the tilting element 11 is supported via its support section 11a on the wear layer element 8 and thus on the corner base element 2. An introduction of the lifting force via the cantilever arm element 10b by means of the second lever arm HA2 does not take place, since the pin element S1 is located centrally within the elongated hole LL and thus a transmission of force from the piston end section 6a to the cantilever arm element 10b does not take place. In comparison to Fig. 7b', the articulated levers 4a1, 4b1 in Fig. 7c' form a larger angle to the section of the pull / push rod 3 which is arranged between the articulated levers 4a1, 4b1 and the tilting element 11. A comparison of Figures 7d, 7d' with Figures 7c, 7c' shows that a distance between the joint axis A2 and the upper edge of the cylinder section d3 is greater by a difference d23 than the distance d2 between the joint axis A2 and the upper edge of the cylinder section.Since the pin element S1 is not yet in contact with the upper edge of the elongated hole LL in the Y direction, the first lever arm HA1 continues to be used to introduce the lifting force into the tension / compression rod 3. Even in the state of the stripping device 1, as shown during stripping in Figures 7e, 7e', a distance d4 between the joint axis A2 and the upper edge of the cylinder section 6b is greater than the distance d3 shown in Figure 7d between the joint axis A2 and the upper edge of the cylinder section, but the force is still introduced via the first lever arm HA1 through the lifting movement directed in the y direction. The support section 11a of the tilting element 11 still rests against the wearing layer element 8 in such a way that a force can be introduced into the tension / compression rod 3 via the first lever arm HA1. This is different in the state of the formwork removal device 1 as shown in Figures 7f, 7f'.A distance between the support section 11a and the wear layer element 8d51 indicates that the tilting element 11 can no longer be supported on the corner base element 2 via the support section 11a in order to introduce lifting force into the pull / push rod 3 via the first lever arm HA1. Instead, the pin element S1 now rests on an upper edge of the elongated hole LL of the cantilever arm element 10b in such a way that the lifting force, which is introduced via the pin element S1 from the piston end section 6a into the cantilever arm element 10b, is introduced into the push / pull rod 3 via the second lever arm HA2. Breaking away of the corner formwork element with the corner base element 2 from a concrete layer adjacent to it is completed, and instead of the first lever arm HA1 with a higher force, the second lever arm HA2, which is larger than the first lever arm HA1, is now used in order to provide a force for stripping the corner formwork element that is smaller than the first lever arm HA1.At the transition of the distance of the joint axis A2 from the upper edge of the cylinder section d4 to the distance d5, a transition of the force introduction of the lifting device 6 into the pull / push rod 3 takes place from the first lever arm HA1 to the second lever arm HA2, which is longer than the first lever arm HA1. A distance d6 between the joint axis A2 and the upper edge of the cylinder section of the lifting device 6 is greater than the distance d5 shown in Fig. 7f between the joint axis A2 and the upper edge of the cylinder section, wherein the increase in the distance d5 to d6 is expressed in a corresponding increase in the distance d61 between the support section 11a and the wear layer element 8. In Figures 7h, 7h', a distance d7 between the joint axis A2 and the upper edge of the cylinder section of the lifting device 6 is shown, which is greater by the difference d67 than the distance d6 between the joint axis A2 and the upper edge of the cylinder section.The state of the stripping device 1 shown in Fig. 7h and Fig. 7h' is such that the piston end portion 6a is fully extended from the cylinder portion 6b and the corner formwork element is in the stripping state in which the formwork forming / stripping elements 4a, 4b are fully retracted relative to the pull / push rod 3. An angle between the articulated levers 4a1, 4b1 and the portion of the pull / push rod 3 between the articulated levers 4a1, 4b1 and the tilting element 11 is approximately 135°, so that the formwork forming / stripping elements 4a, 4b are fully retracted toward the pull / push rod 3.

[0050] Figures 8a to 8c each show side views of the stripping device 1 mounted on the corner formwork element with the tilting element 11 shown in dashed lines for the side view of the boom 10 during a movement sequence of the lifting device 6 for shuttering the corner formwork element. Figures 8a' to 8c' are each arranged below Figures 8a to 8c and show front views of the stripping device 1 mounted on the corner formwork element corresponding to the side views shown in Figures 8a to 8c during the movement sequence of the lifting device 6 for shuttering the corner formwork element with external views of the articulated levers 4a1, 4b1 in different positions relative to the tension / compression rod 3. Initially, the corner formwork element with the corner base element 2 is in the stripping state such that the shuttering / stripping elements 4a, 4b are completely retracted relative to the corner base element 2 and the tension / compression rod 3.A distance between the joint axis A2 and the upper edge of the cylinder section d7' is smaller than the distance d7 shown between the joint axis A2 and the upper edge of the cylinder section in Figures 7h, 7h' by the distance of the pin element S1 from the upper edge of the elongated hole LL to the lower edge of the elongated hole LL. Due to the movement of the piston end section 6a in the negative Y direction, the boom 10 is carried by the piston end section 6a by means of the pin element S1 at the lower edge of the elongated hole LL, so that the second lever arm HA2 is used to introduce the lifting force into the pull / push rod 3. This is also the case in the state of the stripping device 1, as shown in Figures 8b, 8b', in which the corner formwork element is between the stripping state and the shuttering state, as shown in Fig. 7g'.Due to the entrainment of the boom 10 at the lower edge of the elongated hole LL, the distance between the joint axis A2 and the upper edge of the cylinder section during formwork setting is not the distance d6, but the distance d6', which is smaller than the distance d6 that the pin element S1 travels from the upper edge of the elongated hole LL to the lower edge of the elongated hole LL. In Figures 8c, 8c', the corner formwork element is finally placed in the formwork setting state, which can be seen from the fact that the articulated levers 4a1, 4b1 are oriented perpendicular to the tension / compression rod 3 and therefore the forming / stripping elements 4a, 4b are fully extended relative to the tension / compression rod 3. The state of the striking device 1 and the corner formwork element therefore corresponds to that shown in Figs. 7a, 7a'.

[0051] Figures 9a and 9b show spatial external views of the first stripping element 1a and the second stripping element 1b of the stripping device 1 as a prototype. In Fig. 9a, the piston end section 6a extends out of the cylinder section 6b in the Y direction and has a cylindrical recess in the X direction for receiving the pin element S1. The lower contact element section 5a2 is arranged parallel to the upper contact element section 5a1 of the contact element 5 in the X direction and spaced therefrom in the Y direction. The valve device VV with the inlet connection Z2 and the return connections R1, R2 is oriented in the Y direction and arranged in the form of a "valve backpack" directly on the lifting device 6 to minimize the installation space of the first stripping element 1a. The handle H1 is in the form of a slot LL, which is oriented in the Z direction, adjacent to the cylinder section 6b and is therefore arranged in a space-saving manner on the first stripping element 1a.Fig. 9b shows the second stripping element 1b as a prototype, wherein the crane eye KOE is arranged in the negative X direction in the form of a recess in the tilting element 11. In the cantilever arm element 10b, the elongated hole LL is present as a recess in the negative Y direction. The stem element 10a is hollow cylindrical with a round recess for receiving a bolt for fastening to the rod end section 3b and is welded to the cantilever arm element 10b arranged perpendicular to the stem element 10a. The tilting element 11 has legs 11b, 11c arranged parallel to one another, which are oriented in the X direction and spaced from one another in the Z direction such that the cantilever arm element 10b and the stem element 10a can be arranged friction-free between the legs 11c and 11b. The tilting element 11 is coupled to the boom arm element 10b by means of a bolt that defines the tilting axis A1.

[0052] The features of the invention described with reference to the illustrated embodiment, such as the use of a first coupling pair for supply lines and a second coupling pair for return lines with T-pieces integrated into the valve device, can also be present in other embodiments of the invention, such as the use of the first and second coupling pairs with T-pieces integrated into the supply and return lines, unless otherwise stated or technically prohibited.

[0053] 1 formwork removal device

[0054] 1 a first stripping element

[0055] I b second stripping element

[0056] 2 basic element, corner basic element

[0057] 3 Pull / push rod

[0058] 3a Rod axis

[0059] 3b Rod end section

[0060] 4a, 4b Formwork element

[0061] 4a1 , 4b1 articulated lever

[0062] 5 Investment element

[0063] 5a1 upper system element section

[0064] 5a2 lower system element section

[0065] 5b System element end section

[0066] 6 Lifting device

[0067] 6a Piston end section

[0068] 6b Cylinder section

[0069] 7 Connection unit

[0070] 8 Wear layer element

[0071] 10 booms

[0072] 10a Stem element

[0073] 10a1 Stem axis

[0074] 10b Cantilever arm element

[0075] 1 1 tilting element

[0076] 1 1 a support section

[0077] II b, 1 1 c leg tilting element

[0078] 12 drive unit

[0079] A1 Tilting axis

[0080] A2 joint axis

[0081] AP stripping position

[0082] B1, B2 bolt dO - d6, d6', d7, d7' Distance between joint axis and upper edge of cylinder section d23 Difference between distance d2 and distance d3 d51 Distance between support section and wear layer element at distance d5 d61 Distance between support section and wear layer element at distance d6 d67 Difference between distance d6 and distance d7

[0083] DBV pressure relief valve

[0084] EP shuttering position

[0085] H1, H2a, H2b handle

[0086] HA1 first lever arm

[0087] HA2 second lever arm

[0088] HL1 first lever arm length

[0089] HL2 second lever arm length

[0090] K Piston

[0091] KS piston rod

[0092] KOE crane eye

[0093] LHV1 , LHV2 load holding valve

[0094] LL long hole

[0095] R1, R2 return connection

[0096] RL1 - RL4 return line

[0097] SA rod element

[0098] Sl pin element

[0099] TS1 , TS2 T-piece

[0100] VV valve device

[0101] Z1, Z2 inlet connection

[0102] ZL1 - ZL4 inlet line

Claims

Claims: Stripping device (1) for a formwork element comprising a base element (2), a pull / compression rod (3) and at least one stripping element for extending or retracting the at least one stripping element (4a, 4b) laterally coupled to the base element into a stripping or stripping position (SP, SP) by means of a linear movement of the pull / compression rod (3) substantially parallel to its rod axis (3a) relative to the base element (2), wherein the stripping device (1) comprises: a) a first stripping element (1a) comprising a contact element (5) and a cylinder section (6b) of a lifting device (6) rigidly arranged to the contact element, wherein the lifting device can be driven by a drive unit (12), wherein the contact element (5) is configured such that a piston end section (6a) of the lifting device can move away from the base element (2),if the cylinder section (6b) is supported on the base element (2) via the support element (5) abutting the base element, and b) a second formwork element (1b) comprising a cantilever (10) reversibly attachable to a rod end section (3b) of the pull / compression rod (3) and projecting from the pull / compression rod in the attached state, and a tilting element (11) rotatably coupled to the cantilever about a tilting axis (A1), wherein the tilting element is rotatably coupled to the piston end section (6a) of the lifting device (6) about a pivot axis (A2) and is designed such that it can be supported on the base element (2) when the piston end section (6a) moves away from the formwork element, wherein, when the cantilever (10) is attached to the rod end section (3b), a first lever arm extending perpendicular to the rod axis (3a) and the tilting axis (A1) (HA1) has a first lever arm length (HL1) between the rod axis (3a) and the tilting axis (A1),which is smaller than a second lever arm length (HL2) of a second lever arm (HA2) between the rod axis (3a) and the joint axis (A2), which runs perpendicular to the rod axis (3a) and the joint axis (A2). The formwork removal device (1) according to claim 1, wherein the boom (10) comprises a stem element (10a) reversibly attachable to the rod end section (3b), the stem axis (10a1) of which is substantially coaxial or parallel to the rod axis (3a), and a boom arm element (10b) projecting from the stem element (10a) and rigidly connected to the stem element, to which the tilting element (11) is rotatably coupled about the tilting axis (AI), wherein a stem length of the stem element (10a) is selected such that, when the boom (10) is attached to the rod end section (3b), the boom arm element (10b) and the tilting element (11) are arranged outside the base element (2).Stripping device (1 ) according to claim 2, in which a lifting axis of the lifting device (6) runs substantially parallel to the stem axis (10a1 ) and the lifting device (6) is spaced from the stem element (10a) by substantially the second lever arm length (HL2), so that the first stripping element (1 a) and the second stripping element (1 b) form a U-shaped shape. Stripping device (1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, in which, when the boom (10) is attached to the rod end section (3b), the tilting element (1 1) has a support section (1 1 a) for supporting the base element (2) in a first section of the tilting element (1 1), which, with respect to a surface with the rod axis (3a) and a normal vector perpendicular to the tilting axis (A1), is opposite a second section of the tilting element, in which the tilting element (1 1 ) is rotatably coupled to the boom (10) about the tilting axis (A1).Stripping device (1 ) according to claim 4, when referring back to one of claims 2 to 3, in which an edge of the support section (1 1 a) of the tilting element (1 1 ) facing the stem element (10a) borders at least partially without contact with an outer surface of the stem element (10a) facing the edge at a contact distance which is selected such that the outer surface of the stem element (10a) can be moved without friction on the edge of the support section (11 a). Stripping device (1) according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the first stripping element (1a) comprises a wear layer element (8), which is in particular designed as a horseshoe-shaped plate, which is arranged at least between the contact element (5) and the first section of the tilting element (11) in the region of the support section (11a), when the tilting element is rotatably coupled to the piston end section (6a) of the lifting device (6) about the pivot axis (A2). Stripping device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein, when the boom (10) is attached to the rod end section (3b), the boom can be coupled to the piston end section (6a) of the lifting device in a region projecting from the pull / compression rod (3), in particular a region projecting from the pull / compression rod at a boom end section, such thatthat a third lever arm extending perpendicular to the rod axis (3a) between the rod axis (3a) and the piston end section (6a) of the lifting device (6) has a third lever arm length that is greater than the first lever arm length (HL1) of the first lever arm (HA1), and during a continued lifting movement of the lifting device (6) in one direction, a force is introduced into the pull / push rod (3) substantially parallel to the rod axis (3a) for stripping, first from the tilting element (1 1) into the boom (10) using only the first lever arm (HA1 ) and subsequently from the boom (10) using only the third lever arm. Stripping device (1) according to claim 7, wherein the boom (10) has an elongated hole (LL) oriented in the direction of the lifting movement in the area projecting from the pull / push rod (3) and a pin element (Sl) coupled to the piston end section (6a) of the lifting device (6) passes through the elongated hole.in particular in the form of a bolt, which is rotatably coupled to the tilting element (1 1 ) about the pivot axis (A2) of the tilting element such that the third lever arm corresponds to the second lever arm (HA2). . Stripping device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the tilting element (1 1) has the form of a clamp with two legs (1 1 b, 1 1 c), which are connected to each other, in particular at both ends, in which the boom (10) is arranged, wherein the tilting axis (AI) is formed by a rod element (SA), in particular in the form of a bolt, which is guided through the two legs (1 1 b, 1 1 c) and the boom (10).

0. Stripping device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the lifting device (6) is configured to be driven by the drive unit (12) in the form of a hydraulic unit, pneumatic unit, a screw jack with a rotary motor, in particular an electric motor, or manually by means of a crank or ratchet, or by a combination thereof. 1.Shutdown device (1) according to claim 10, wherein a valve device (VV) connected between the hydraulic power unit and the lifting device (6) comprises either cylinder- and piston-side load-holding valves (LHV1, LHV2) and a piston- or cylinder-side pressure relief valve (DBV), or cylinder- and piston-side check valves and a piston- or cylinder-side pressure relief valve (DBV).

2. Shutdown device (1) according to claim 10 or claim 1, wherein the valve device (VV) is connected to the hydraulic power unit by means of a first pair of couplings for supply lines (ZL1 - ZL4) and a second pair of couplings for return lines (RL1 - RL4), in particular with T-pieces (TS1, TS2) integrated into the valve device (VV) and / or supply and return lines. 3.Stripping device (1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the tilting element (1 1 ) has a crane eye (KOE) which, in particular when the boom (10) is attached to the rod end section (3b), lies in a / the first section of the tilting element which, with respect to a surface with the rod axis (3a) and a normal vector perpendicular to the tilting axis (AI ), is a / the. second section of the tilting element (1 1 ) opposite, in which the tilting element (1 1 ) is rotatably coupled to the boom (10) about the tilting axis (A1 ), and / or the first stripping element (1 a) comprises at least one handle (H1 ), for example, designed as an elongated hole with an orientation perpendicular to the rod axis, and / or at least one further handle (H2a, H2b), for example, designed as an elongated hole with an orientation parallel to the rod axis (3a). Formwork arrangement comprising a stripping device (1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, the base element (2) and the formwork element. Method for stripping a formwork element, in particular a corner formwork element for forming and stripping internal corners, in particular shafts, wherein the formwork element comprises a base element (2), a tension / compression rod (3) and at least one stripping element, in order to which at least one stripping element (4a, ) coupled laterally to the base element is attached.4b) extend or retract the formwork element (3) into an inset or stripping position (EP, AS) by a linear movement of the pull / push rod (3) substantially parallel to its rod axis (3a) relative to the base element (2), comprising the following steps: a) providing a formwork element and a stripping device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 14, b) reversibly attaching the boom (10) of the second stripping element (1b) of the stripping device (1) to the rod end section (3b) of the pull / push rod (3), c) coupling the tilting element (11) of the second stripping element (1b) of the stripping device (1) to the piston end section (6a) of the lifting device (6) of the first stripping element (1a) of the stripping device such that the tilting element (11) is rotatable about the pivot axis (A2) relative to the boom (10), d) connecting a drive unit (12), in particular in the form of a hydraulic unit, pneumatic unit or electric motor,to the lifting device (6) of the first stripping element (1 a) of the stripping device (1 ), provided that the drive unit (12) is not encompassed by the lifting device (6), and, e) Activating the drive unit (12) such that a force is introduced into the pull / push rod (3) essentially parallel to the rod axis (3a) in a direction away from the base element (2), in particular a direction substantially parallel to the rod axis (3a) upwards, by means of a lifting movement of the piston end section (6a) of the lifting device (6) in a direction away from the base element (2), in particular a direction substantially parallel to the rod axis (3a) upwards, for stripping the formwork element from the tilting element (1 1) using the first lever arm (HA1 ), and f) performing the linear movement of the pull / push rod (3) relative to the base element (2) in order to move the at least one stripping element (4a, 4b) coupled laterally to the base element into the stripping position (AP). The method of claim 15, wherein step a) additionally comprises the steps: a1) providing the boom (10) in an area projecting from the pull / push rod (3) with an elongated hole (LL) oriented in the direction of the lifting movement,a2) Passing a pin element (Sl), in particular in the form of a bolt, coupled to the piston end section (6a) of the lifting device (8), through the elongated hole (LL), a3) coupling the pin element (Sl) to the tilting element (1 1) such that the pin element (Sl) is rotatably coupled to the tilting element (1 1) about the pivot axis (A2) of the tilting element (11), and in which step f) additionally comprises the steps: f1) performing a continuous lifting movement of the lifting device (6) in one direction, f2) introducing a force into the pull / push rod (3) substantially parallel to the rod axis (3a) for stripping first from the tilting element (1 1) using the first lever arm (HA1), and f3) introducing a further force into the pull / push rod (3) substantially parallel to the rod axis (3a) for stripping subsequently from the boom (10) using the second lever arm (HA2) which is between the, rod axis (3a) and the pin element (Sl) run perpendicular to the rod axis (3a). Method for forming a formwork element, in particular a corner formwork element for forming and removing formwork for internal corners, especially of shafts, wherein the formwork element comprises a base element (2), a tension / compression rod (3) and at least one forming / removing element, in order to extend or retract the at least one forming / removing element (4a, 4b) laterally coupled to the base element into a forming or removing position (SP, SP) by means of a linear movement of the tension / compression rod (3) substantially parallel to its rod axis (3a) relative to the base element (2), comprising the following steps: a) performing steps a) to d) according to claim 15, e) activating the drive unit (12) and the lifting device (6) such that a lifting movement of the lifting device (6) in a direction towards the base element (2)in particular in a downward direction essentially parallel to the rod axis (3a), a force is introduced into the tension / compression rod of the base element (2) essentially parallel to the rod axis (3a) for the purpose of enclosing the formwork element from the tilting element (11) using the second lever arm (HA2), and f) execution of the linear movement of the tension / compression rod (3) relative to the base element (2) in order to extend the at least one enclosing / unenclosing element (4a, 4b) coupled laterally to the base element into the enclosing position (EP).

Images