Temperature-control arrangement, method for the installation thereof and method for controlling the temperature of a room

Abstract

The invention relates to an arrangement for controlling the temperature, in particular cooling, of a room (1) in a building, comprising: a wall or ceiling forming a supporting element (2); at least one calcium silicate panel (3) arranged on the supporting element (2), which has a rear side (R) facing the supporting element (2) and a front side (V) facing away from the supporting element (2) and facing the room (1); and at least one piping system (4), in the form of a capillary tube mat, through which a temperature-control medium, e.g. water, can flow. According to the invention, the capillary tube mat is arranged on the rear side of the calcium silicate panel (3) between the supporting element (2) and the calcium silicate panel (3), so that it is the calcium silicate panel (3), and not the capillary tube mat (4), that faces the room (1).

Description

[0001] TEMPERATURE CONTROL ARRANGEMENT, METHOD FOR INSTALLING THE SAME AND METHOD FOR CONTROLLING THE TEMPERATURE OF A ROOM

[0002] Description:

[0003] The invention relates to an arrangement (ie a device) for controlling the temperature of a room in a building, in particular for cooling a room in a building, with

[0004] - a wall (or building wall) or ceiling (or building ceiling) forming a load-bearing element,

[0005] - at least one calcium silicate plate arranged (at a distance) on the supporting element (e.g. on the wall or ceiling), which plate has a rear side facing the supporting element and a front side facing away from the supporting element and consequently facing the room, and

[0006] - at least one pipe system through which a (liquid) temperature control medium, e.g. water, can flow and through which it flows during operation.

[0007] Such a (temperature control) arrangement or (temperature control) device is used for cooling and, alternatively, for heating a room in a building and thus as a wall or ceiling heating and / or cooling system. The pipes through which the temperature control medium (e.g., water) flows are integrated, as it were, concealed in the wall or ceiling structure. Mat-shaped pipe assemblies, in particular (commercially available) capillary tube mats, are preferably used as pipe assemblies. In these, for example, the capillary tubes are arranged at a distance from one another in the register and are provided with either oppositely arranged main pipes or main pipes arranged on one side of the capillary tubes as inlets and outlets for the temperature control medium. Capillary tube mats are preferably made of plastic.

[0008] In practice, such temperature control systems have so far been used primarily for heating rooms, with a heating medium, e.g. hot water, flowing through the pipe network and the heat being released into the room via the wall or ceiling structure.

[0009] Alternatively, such pipe networks or capillary tube mats are already being used to cool rooms by having a cooling medium, e.g. cold water, flow through the capillary tubes. In practice, the main problems are the cooling of a room below the dew point and the associated condensation, which leads to moisture in the wall or ceiling structure. This can lead to mildew, mold growth and even serious damage to the building structure. This is particularly problematic in regions with high temperatures and high humidity, where there is generally a particularly high demand for cooling rooms in order to create a tolerable or pleasant climate, for example in living spaces, hospitals, social facilities or work spaces. The temperature control systems based on capillary tube mats currently in use, for example, work withwith plasterboard or capillary tube mats are incorporated into traditional concrete ceilings. To avoid the problems caused by condensation at high temperatures and high humidity, dew point sensors are used in practice to monitor the dew point, so that the cooling can be switched off when the dew point is reached in order to avoid endangering the building structure. Against this background, a system has already been proposed and implemented in which the capillary tube mats are arranged on a heat-insulating base plate made of hygroscopic material, e.g. calcium silicate. The surface of the base plate containing the capillary tubes is covered with a layer designed as a clay plaster layer (cf. EP 3 146 271 B1).Due to its moisture-regulating properties and relatively good thermal conductivity, clay plaster is particularly suitable for the layer covering the surface of the base plate with the capillary tubes. The clay plaster forms a diffusion-open and therefore vapor-permeable coating and supports the base plate in absorbing and releasing moisture. The calcium silicate base plate, with its hygroscopic properties, is also important in this system. For example, EP 3 146 271 B1 already describes the possibility of lowering the cooling temperature below the dew point, so that the resulting condensate is absorbed by the base plate (made of calcium silicate) and the covering layer (clay plaster layer) and released again when the cooling is switched off. This system has proven successful in practice, but there is room for improvement.The invention therefore particularly relates to the further development and improvement of the applicant’s system described in EP 3 146 271 B1.

[0010] DE 41 06 200 describes a temperature control element designed as a heating module, which has a heat-insulating base plate made of rigid foam board, wood board, or wood fiber board. A capillary tube mat is attached to the surface facing the room, for example, by stapling. The surface of the base plate and the capillary tube mat are covered by a filler layer made of a thermally conductive material with adhesive properties. A cover plate, which is significantly thinner than the supporting plate, is glued to the filler layer. This cover plate can be a cement-, lime-, or gypsum-bonded particle board or fiberboard, or a plasterboard.

[0011] Other systems are known, for example, from DE 197 20 863 A1 and DE 10 2004 050 207 A1. Their primary use is generally for heating.

[0012] A cooling element is described, for example, in DE 40 36 520 A1, which is equipped with a heat-insulating base plate having capillary tubes through which a cooling medium is passed, the base plate being made of a hygroscopic material.

[0013] DE 10 2012 005 655 A1 describes the production of a surface heating or cooling system on an on-site substrate with a heat-insulating base plate and with capillary tubes through which a cooling medium can be conducted, whereby the base plate is made of calcium silicate and the base plate is provided with a layer of clay plaster.

[0014] DE 202006 000 201 U1 discloses a room element for ceiling or wall mounting. This element is designed as a laminated body and comprises a supporting shell and a functional layer. The supporting shell comprises a construction board, which may be made of calcium silicate.

[0015] Furthermore, DE 198 44 617 A1 discloses an arrangement for air conditioning rooms. This arrangement consists of prefabricated climate panels and can be configured in a grid-like manner in drywall construction under a ceiling, in front of a wall, or above a floor. Each climate panel has a body made of mineral materials in the form of a hydrate mixture of various hydrate levels as well as mineralogical and / or metallic additives with a dense structure, into which a fluid channel made of copper or a copper alloy is integrated.

[0016] Based on the prior art, the invention seeks to create an arrangement that enables particularly energy-efficient room temperature control and, in particular, enables economical cooling in environments with high temperatures and / or high relative humidity. Furthermore, the arrangement should be simple and economical to construct and install.

[0017] To achieve this object, the invention teaches, in a generic arrangement of the type described above, that the piping assembly is designed as a capillary tube mat and is arranged on the back of the calcium silicate plate between the support element and the calcium silicate plate. The calcium silicate plate thus faces the space to be cooled or heated, relative to the capillary tube mat.

[0018] The essential component of the invention is therefore the calcium silicate board, which is a prefabricated, dimensionally stable, and pressure-resistant building board made from silicon dioxide and calcium oxide. According to the invention, commercially available calcium silicate boards can be used. However, they are not used as a base plate or carrier plate on the side of the capillary tube mat facing the wall or ceiling, but rather as a cold transfer element or, alternatively, as a heat transfer element on the side of the capillary tube mat facing the room. During cooling with the system, the cold supplied via the capillary tube mats is transferred to the calcium silicate board. This board absorbs the cold, stores it within the board, and then releases it into the room to be cooled (by extracting heat from the room).Of particular importance is that when the temperature falls below the dew point, the calcium silicate board absorbs the condensate forming on the capillary tube mats and the board and stores it in the calcium silicate board, allowing the board to release the stored cold into the room to be cooled not only as "radiant cooling" but also as evaporative cooling. The high storage capacity of calcium silicate is particularly advantageous, enabling a long-lasting and thus delayed release of the cold, including the resulting radiant cooling. These effects ensure that the cooling effect is maintained even when the active cooling of the capillary tube mats is switched off. The system therefore does not require permanent or continuous active cooling of the medium conveyed in the capillary tube mats. Cooling is effective not only when the cooling source (e.g., heat pump) is switched on, but also during phases when the cooling source is switched off.This allows the system to be implemented with significantly lower energy consumption and thus be particularly energy-efficient while still providing excellent cooling. A particularly advantageous feature is the absorption of the accumulating condensate by the calcium silicate plate. When the cooling system is switched off, e.g., at night, the absorbed condensate and the cooling energy contained in the temperature control element are released into the room, particularly as evaporative cooling. This, in turn, leads to a balanced and constant humidity level in the passively cooled room. The passive cooling creates a consistently pleasant and healthy indoor climate at night (without the annoying drafts that occur with conventional air conditioning systems).

[0019] A particular advantage is the possibility of constant, continuous cooling, even in weather conditions where the temperature frequently or continuously falls below the dew point, as the resulting condensate is completely absorbed by the calcium silicate board. This not only leads to effective, energy-efficient cooling, but also prevents moisture damage or the colonization or accumulation of germs such as mold. The formation of pathogens is also prevented, as cooling occurs without any draft. The calcium silicate board acts as an active cooling medium, but simultaneously also as a storage medium for passive cooling when the system is switched off. This type of cooling achieves a pleasant and healthy indoor climate without any disturbing draft.

[0020] The system not only protects the climate but also creates a healthy and pleasant indoor climate. This makes it particularly suitable for hospitals, social services, or medical facilities.

[0021] The described advantageous properties of the calcium silicate board are particularly evident according to the invention because the calcium silicate board is not used on the wall or ceiling side as a support plate for the capillary tube mats, but as a plate arranged on the room side, which ensures perfect transfer of the energy from the capillary tube mats to the room. Particularly in the area of ​​the ceiling of a room, this arrangement according to the invention is advantageous in that the condensate, i.e. the liquid, which forms on the capillary tube mats during cooling is absorbed directly and completely by the calcium silicate board arranged underneath due to gravity. But this arrangement is also advantageous in the area of ​​a wall for the reasons described.

[0022] The (prefabricated) calcium silicate board has a thickness of, for example, 1 cm to 4 cm. The thickness is preferably 1 cm to 3 cm. It is particularly preferred to have a thickness of 2 cm to 3 cm. Commercially available calcium silicate boards can be used, as they are easy to handle and install. It is a mineral building material made of silicon dioxide, calcium oxide, water glass, and cellulose, which is cured in a steam process, thus acquiring the special properties required for the invention. The calcium silicate board does not swell when absorbing or releasing moisture, but it also does not shrink. The pH value is well above 8.0, so that even with prolonged soaking in water, there is no risk of settlement or accumulation of germs, such as mold and pathogens. Furthermore, calcium silicate is extremely heat-resistant and, according to the European Technical Assessment, is fire-resistant.It is environmentally friendly and can be easily disposed of.

[0023] The system is cooled via a (liquid) cooling medium that is supplied through the capillary tube mat. The piping system therefore consists of capillary tubes or capillary tube mats. These capillary tube mats can be used with existing or commercially available systems. The capillary tube mat consists of a large number of capillary tubes arranged parallel to one another, which are either manufactured with opposing main pipes for the inlet or outlet, or with the main pipes for the inlet and outlet running side by side on one side of the mat. The individual capillary tube mats (made of plastic) are welded together as required, allowing large areas, e.g., areas of up to 13 m 2are feasible, especially for the cooling process. The capillary tube mats are made of plastic, e.g., polyolefin, e.g., polypropylene, or polypropylene-based materials. Polypropylene copolymers, such as polypropylene random copolymer (PP-R), can be used. Capillary tube mats exhibit good heat and cold transfer properties and are highly durable. They can be manufactured from recycled materials in an environmentally friendly manner.

[0024] According to the invention, the capillary tubes or capillary tube mats are always arranged between the supporting element (wall or ceiling) on ​​the one hand and the calcium silicate panel on the other. The calcium silicate panel is attached directly or indirectly, with the capillary tube mat interposed, to the supporting element (wall / ceiling) or to a substructure attached to the supporting element. The invention can therefore also be implemented in suspended ceilings in which a metal substructure, for example, is attached to the ceiling. The calcium silicate panels are then mounted, for example, to this (metal) substructure. It is always advantageous to place an insulating material, such as an insulating layer or insulating panel, between the capillary tube mat and the supporting element (e.g., wall or ceiling). This prevents direct contact of the capillary tube mat with other (organic) building materials and, at the same time, avoids cold or heat losses.This achieves optimal and efficient energy transfer from the capillary tube mat to the calcium silicate board arranged on the opposite side of the insulation material.

[0025] The system according to the invention is also characterized by simple and economical assembly and installation. Thus, it is particularly preferred to attach the calcium silicate board, with the capillary tube mats interposed, directly or indirectly to the supporting element, for example, to the ceiling or to a supporting structure of a suspended ceiling, e.g., by screwing. For this purpose, the calcium silicate boards can also be attached to the wall or ceiling or a corresponding substructure with the capillary tube mats loosely placed on the board. According to the invention, therefore, there is no need to fix the capillary tube mats to the calcium silicate boards. Preferably, a (permanent) attachment of the capillary tube mats to the wall or ceiling is also dispensed with.For installation purposes only, the capillary tube mats can be simply pre-fixed to the ceiling or supporting structure, for example, by first pre-tensioning the capillary tube mats to the ceiling and, if necessary, testing the tightness of the capillary tubes. The calcium silicate panels can then be installed so that, after installation (during operation), the capillary tube mats rest on the calcium silicate panels and are supported by them, without the need for stable (load-bearing) fixation of the mats to the ceiling or ceiling structure. Consequently, the capillary tube mats rest (fully) on the calcium silicate panels primarily due to their gravity, ensuring smooth heat or cold transfer from the mats to the panels (and vice versa).What's particularly interesting is that the calcium silicate panels do not need to be specially designed or processed for combination with the capillary tube mats. In particular, the preferred embodiment eliminates the need for the grooves or slots frequently used in the prior art for the capillary tubes in the calcium silicate panels. This leads to simple and cost-effective production and assembly.

[0026] As a rule, it is advisable to first equip the entire ceiling or a large section of a wall with capillary tube mats, then functionally connect the individual mats and, if necessary, test them for leaks. The entire surface is then successively covered with calcium silicate panels. It is advantageous to bond the individual calcium silicate panels together with a special calcium silicate adhesive to cover joints and thus prevent cold loss or condensate leakage. Furthermore, the calcium silicate adhesive can also be used to fill joints and to connect them to other inorganic building elements, such as concrete. A particular advantage is that the entire wall or ceiling can be perfectly covered and clad, as the calcium silicate panels can be easily and precisely cut to size and thus adapted to the geometry of the room.

[0027] According to the invention, it is particularly important that the calcium silicate board - with regard to the capillary tube mat and the entire structure - faces the room. However, this does not preclude the surface of the calcium silicate board facing the room from being provided with an additional layer. Thus, it is advantageous to provide the calcium silicate boards with a (diffusion-open) plaster or to plaster them with a (diffusion-open) plaster layer, e.g., with a calcium silicate plaster, on the room side after installation on the wall or ceiling. The thickness of the plaster layer can be, for example, 1 mm to 3 mm. Alternatively or additionally, the calcium silicate board or the plaster layer can be painted. It is particularly advantageous to paint the previously applied plaster layer with a (diffusion-open) paint, e.g., a diffusion-open interior paint, after it has hardened.

[0028] Overall, the arrangement according to the invention enables particularly energy-efficient, environmentally friendly, climate-protecting, and healthy temperature control and, in particular, cooling of a room. This is especially true when the temperature of the medium (e.g., water) is controlled using a heat pump. The system is particularly suitable for cooling rooms in regions with prolonged high temperatures and high humidity. In addition, the indoor climate is particularly positively influenced. The system ensures flawless and particularly economical room air conditioning in homes and workplaces, as well as in public buildings, hospitals, and social facilities. The environmentally harmful and energy-intensive air conditioning units previously used in the form of traditional cooling air fans or split air conditioning units can be replaced. In addition, the health-damaging effects of conventional systems on the indoor air, e.g.Dust particles, viruses, and pathogens are avoided. The unpleasant drafts associated with conventional air conditioning units are also avoided. When using heat pumps, it is possible to switch on the heat pump, such as an air-to-water heat pump, only at short intervals or during specific phases, e.g., at a ratio of 1:4. This generates significantly less waste heat and thus contributes significantly less to heating the outside air. The waste heat constantly generated by heat pumps and the associated heat buildup, which can be particularly problematic in urban areas, can be avoided or reduced.

[0029] According to a further proposal of the invention, the arrangement for temperature control of a room can optionally comprise a humidification device for (actively) humidifying the calcium silicate plate(s), wherein the calcium silicate plate(s) can be or are subjected to a humidification medium, e.g., water, by means of the humidification device and can thus be actively and additionally humidified with water. For this purpose, the humidification device can comprise one or more dispensing devices arranged, e.g., above the calcium silicate plate(s) (and, e.g., above the capillary tube mat), e.g., nozzles, spray devices, or drip devices, so that the calcium silicate plate(s) can be subjected to water, e.g., from above. The humidification medium reaches the calcium silicate plate, e.g., through the capillary tube mat or between the capillary tubes.Optionally, the humidification device can have one or more measuring devices for determining the moisture content of the calcium silicate plate or plates, e.g. one or more moisture sensors, wherein the measuring devices are arranged in or on the calcium silicate plate. With the help of the measuring devices, the moisture content of the calcium silicate plates can be monitored and reacted to, e.g. by humidifying using the humidification device depending on the measured moisture content. The humidification device therefore preferably has a controller for a metered release of the humidification medium to the calcium silicate plates, wherein the controller is preferably connected to the release device(s) and / or to the measuring device(s). With the help of the controller, the release of the humidification medium to the calcium silicate plates can be time-controlled or quantity-controlled, e.g.certain amounts of the humidification medium are released at certain time intervals. However, the control is preferably carried out as a function of the measured values ​​which are recorded, for example, using the measuring devices, so that a controlled or regulated release is particularly preferred in such a way that a predetermined moisture content is achieved. For example, it is possible to operate the arrangement in such a way that a predetermined moisture content is set, e.g. a predetermined degree of saturation of the calcium silicate plates of at least 10%, preferably at least 20%, e.g. at least 30%. It is within the scope of the invention that the degree of saturation of the calcium silicate plate is 10% to 50%, e.g. 25% to 35%, for example approximately 30%. The degree of saturation is the degree of saturation of the calcium silicate plate with the humidification medium, e.g. B. with water, based on a maximum saturation of the calcium silicate panels of 100%.At maximum saturation of 100%, the calcium silicate board can absorb approximately 3.5 times its own weight in water. The active addition of water to humidify the calcium silicate boards can be advantageous, for example, during the previously described cooling of a room, as the cooling effect described above can be enhanced by the addition of water and thus the increased humidity of the calcium silicate boards. The additionally metered water is cooled and stored in the cooled calcium silicate board, and thus released into the room to be cooled in the form of cold radiation and evaporative cooling, even after the active cooling is switched off. This will be discussed further below.

[0030] The addition of a humidification medium and the resulting active humidification of the calcium silicate panels is also advantageous, or particularly advantageous, when the temperature control system is used and therefore operated to heat a room. The additionally metered water is heated in the heated calcium silicate panel and, thanks to its special hygroscopic properties, stored therein and released into the room to be heated in the form of thermal radiation and evaporative heat. This is particularly useful because heating is dry, meaning that no condensate is produced - unlike cooling. Therefore, the addition of water is particularly interesting in order to be able to utilize the hygroscopic properties of the calcium silicate even when heating.

[0031] The capillary tube mat, through which warm water flows, and the heat it generates, is transferred to the water contained in the calcium silicate panels, thus continuously heating the water. This heat is stored in the calcium silicate panel and is largely transferred to the heated room via thermal radiation and evaporative heat. The preferentially constant supply of heat in the water via the capillary tube mat and into the water contained in the calcium silicate panel results in heat storage and, due to the water's excellent thermal conductivity, high thermal radiation with additional evaporative heat.

[0032] It is interesting to note that during heating (or cooling) with, for example, a heat pump, the humidified calcium silicate panels heat or cool the room through radiant heat and evaporative heat, or radiant cooling and evaporative cooling. When the heating / cooling system is switched off, e.g., when the heat pump is switched off, the room continues to be heated or cooled, primarily through evaporative heat or evaporative cooling, which is also active when the heat pump is switched off. The described effects are enhanced by active humidification. In contrast to prior art systems, any water that may form in the calcium silicate panels does not have a negative effect; rather, the system reacts explicitly positively to water, as the heating and / or cooling effects are enhanced. The water absorbed by the calcium silicate panel or actively added thereto therefore supports the function of the system according to the invention.

[0033] In order to maintain a balance between heat generation and evaporative heat, or between cold radiation and evaporative cooling, in relation to the thermal conductivity and water absorption capacity of the calcium silicate board, as well as the air humidity in the heated room, a predetermined saturation level is preferably set in the calcium silicate board. A saturation level of, for example, 20% to 40%, e.g., 25% to 35%, e.g., approximately 30% water has proven particularly advantageous. As already mentioned, it is particularly interesting that the evaporative heat or evaporative cooling, in particular, continues to have an effect for a long period after the temperature control and, consequently, after the heat or energy supply have been switched off. This allows for significant energy savings compared to conventional heating or cooling processes.This is due to the high heat storage capacity of the water in the calcium silicate board, which, when the heating (or cooling) is switched off, ensures that the room continues to be passively heated (or cooled). At the same time, this results in enormous energy savings compared to conventional systems and processes. A further advantage is the achievement of a pleasant indoor climate thanks to the constantly adjustable humidity.

[0034] As already mentioned, the tempering medium, e.g. cooling medium or heating medium, in particular water above the calcium silicate board, flows in a circuit from a heat generator (particularly in the form of an air-water heat pump) via a heat exchanger in the capillary tube mats, thereby tempering the calcium silicate board. In principle, the heat storage capacity of the calcium silicate board in its dry, normal state is similarly low to that of, for example, plasterboard. It is interesting to note, however, that the heat storage capacity of water is significantly higher than that of, for example, plasterboard. Although the calcium silicate board also has a relatively low thermal conductivity when dry, the thermal conductivity of water is significantly higher than that of, for example, plasterboard, the moisture in the calcium silicate board significantly increases its thermal conductivity, particularly when additional water is introduced into the calcium silicate board.For these reasons, the combination of the calcium silicate board with the described capillary tube mats is particularly advantageous, especially for heating (but also for cooling). Furthermore, an important finding of the invention is that the radiant heat (or radiant cooling) in combination with the evaporative heat (or evaporative cooling) continues to have an effect even many hours after active temperature control (heating or cooling) has been switched off. This allows for significant energy savings compared to conventional heating (or cooling) processes. This is due to the high heat storage capacity of the water in the calcium silicate board, which, when the heating (or cooling) is switched off, ensures that the room continues to be passively heated / cooled. At the same time, this results in enormous energy savings. As already mentioned, a further advantage of the invention is the creation of a pleasant indoor climate. For example,When heating, in addition to the radiant heat from the heated water stored in the calcium silicate board, the warm water stored in the calcium silicate board evaporates into the room to be heated, which in turn increases the air humidity and thus prevents the heated room from drying out. Through constant evaporation and air exchange in the room to be heated, the air humidity in the room remains relatively constant and leads to the aforementioned pleasant indoor climate. The energy removed from the environment during evaporation remains in the water vapor as latent, i.e. hidden energy. If the warm air in the room rises, it cools down, causing some of the water vapor to condense. During this process, the latent, i.e. hidden energy is released again and thus warms the environment in the form of evaporation heat. This form of heating is continuous and not time-limited.The calcium silicate board serves as a heat reservoir for the water medium and also as a moisture reservoir. The same applies to the cooling system described above. Due to the highly hygroscopic properties of calcium silicate, the calcium silicate board can absorb 3.5 times its own mass of water.

[0035] The invention relates not only to the device described, but also to a method for installing or manufacturing the temperature control arrangement according to the invention.

[0036] Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for controlling the temperature of a room, e.g., for cooling a room with the temperature control arrangement according to the invention.

[0037] The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to drawings which merely represent an exemplary embodiment.

[0038] Fig. 1 shows a tempering arrangement according to the invention in a simplified, perspective view and

[0039] Fig. 2 shows a cross section through the tempering arrangement according to Fig. 1.

[0040] The figures show an arrangement or a device which is used for temperature control, in particular for cooling, of a room 1 in a building. The room usually has several walls and a ceiling, whereby this ceiling 2 is also referred to below as the supporting element 2, since the temperature control arrangement in the illustrated embodiment is mounted in the region of the ceiling of the room. The invention is therefore illustrated by way of example as ceiling cooling, but it can equally be implemented as wall cooling. One or more calcium silicate panels 3 are fastened (directly or indirectly) to the supporting element 2, i.e. to the ceiling 2, whereby these calcium silicate panels 3 each have a rear side R facing the supporting element 2 and a front side V facing away from the supporting element 2 and consequently facing the room 1. In addition, for temperature control, e.g. cooling, a pipe assembly 4 is provided which is supplied with a temperature control medium, e.g.Water flows through this pipe assembly. This pipe assembly is a capillary tube mat 4. The capillary tube mat 4 essentially consists of a plurality of capillary tubes 5, which are arranged at a distance from one another in the register and are provided with main pipes 6 for the supply and discharge of the water. According to the invention, this pipe assembly and consequently the capillary tube mat 4 are arranged on the back of the calcium silicate plates 3 and thus between the support element 2 and the calcium silicate plate 3.

[0041] Furthermore, the calcium silicate board 3 can be provided on its front side V with a (diffusion-open) plaster layer 7 (only indicated in the drawings) and / or a (diffusion-open) layer of paint or a coat of paint. In addition, an insulating material or an insulating layer can be arranged between the capillary tube mat 4 and the supporting element 2 (i.e. the ceiling), which is also not shown. In principle, it is possible to fasten the calcium silicate boards 3 directly to the supporting element (i.e. the ceiling) with the capillary tube mat 4 and optionally the insulating material interposed, e.g. by means of screws or the like. In the exemplary embodiment according to Fig. 1, however, a substructure 8, e.g. a metallic substructure for the realization of a suspended ceiling, is arranged on the ceiling 2. The calcium silicate boards 3 are therefore not fastened directly to the ceiling 2, but to the substructure 8, e.g.B. by means of screw connections. It is particularly important that the calcium silicate panels 3 are not used as carrier panels or sub-base panels on the side of the capillary tube mat 4 facing the ceiling 2, but are arranged as a cold transfer element (or alternatively as a heat transfer element) on the side of the capillary tube mat 4 facing the room 1. The system is preferably used for cooling the room, whereby the cold supplied via the capillary tubes is transferred to the calcium silicate panel during the cooling process. This panel absorbs the cold, stores it within the panel, and then releases it to the room 1 to be cooled.A particular advantage is that when the temperature falls below the dew point, the calcium silicate panel 3 absorbs the condensate forming on the capillary tube mats 4 and the panel 3 and stores it in the calcium silicate panel 3, so that the panel 3 subsequently releases the stored cold to the room 1 not only as "radiant cooling" but also as evaporative cooling. A particular advantage is the high storage capacity of the calcium silicate, which enables a long-lasting and therefore delayed release of the cold. In particular, in the arrangement shown in the drawings in the area of ​​a ceiling 2 of a room, it is advantageous that the condensate forming on the capillary tube mats 4 is immediately and completely absorbed by the calcium silicate panel 3 arranged underneath due to gravity.

[0042] The calcium silicate board can be a standard building board, which can have a thickness D of 2 cm to 3 cm, for example.

[0043] It is also interesting to note that no permanent connection of the capillary tube mats 4 to the calcium silicate panels 3 is required, and that the calcium silicate panels 3 do not require any special preparation for the installation of the capillary tube mats 4. Rather, it is possible to attach the calcium silicate panels 3 to the ceiling 2 or the substructure by interposing the mats 4 loosely placed on the panel. During installation, however, it may be advisable to pre-fix the capillary tube mats 4 to the ceiling 2 or the substructure before installing the calcium silicate panels.

[0044] To install the system according to the invention, it is generally expedient to first "roughly" pre-fix the capillary tube mats 4 to the ceiling 2 or to the substructure (not shown) and to test the installed capillary tube mats for their function and tightness. This is because, as a rule, several prefabricated capillary tube mats are installed in the area of ​​a ceiling and connected to one another, e.g., welded together. The calcium silicate panels 3 can then be mounted so that the previously suspended mats 4 rest essentially loosely on the panels 3, i.e., the weight of the mats 4 can be absorbed by the attached calcium silicate panels 3 even during operation. This also has the advantage that the cold (or heat) is transferred particularly well from the capillary tube mats 4 to the calcium silicate panels 3 arranged underneath.After the calcium silicate panels 3 have been installed, their front side V facing the room can be plastered, for example, with a vapour-permeable plaster 7 and the surface can then be coated with a paint that is also vapour-permeable.

[0045] The system according to the invention is particularly suitable for cooling the room 1 by flowing a cooling medium, e.g., water, through the capillary tube mats 4, thereby cooling the calcium silicate panels 3. Cooling below the dew point is particularly interesting because the condensate forming on the capillary tube mats 4 in this case is completely absorbed by the calcium silicate panels 3 and stored therein. This enables cooling both during phases when the cooling is switched on, e.g., a heat pump, and during phases when the cooling is switched off, e.g., a heat pump. The calcium silicate panels 3 absorb the resulting condensate when the cooling is switched on (or the refrigeration unit is switched on) and release the absorbed moisture to the room 1 when the cooling is switched off (or the refrigeration unit is switched off). The calcium silicate panels 3 serve, on the one hand, as a cold storage medium for the cooling medium, water, and, on the other hand, as a moisture storage medium for the condensate.Due to the highly hygroscopic properties of calcium silicate, calcium silicate board 3 can absorb several times the mass of water in the form of condensate relative to its own mass. Overall, room 1 is cooled in an energy-efficient manner, creating a pleasant and healthy indoor climate without the risk of mold growth.

[0046] The system according to the invention demonstrates its advantages particularly in the cooling of rooms. Interestingly, however, the system can also be used for heating rooms without structural modifications, thus enabling both cooling and heating to be implemented within a single system. The invention enables complete CO2 neutrality and is thus particularly climate-friendly. A pleasant and healthy indoor climate can be achieved year-round thanks to radiant energy and humidity control, even in environments in a wide variety of climate zones with varying temperatures and air humidity. In particular, the problem of condensation formation when the temperature falls below the dew point, which arises with the state of the art, is excellently managed. These advantages also arise from passive cooling, which takes evaporative cooling into account.The formation of mold is prevented by the overall properties described above, and in particular by the high pH value of calcium silicate. Another advantage is that calcium silicate is non-flammable and extremely heat-resistant. The system is also low-maintenance, can be used in all building types, and leads to a significant reduction in energy costs.

[0047] Tests with the described system have confirmed the advantages and effects presented. In particular, the high storage capacity of the calcium silicate panels for the condensate that occurs when the temperature falls below the dew point and the storage capacity of the cold introduced into the calcium silicate panels even when the cooling system is switched off were demonstrated. The energy savings when the cooling system is switched off but still passive were also demonstrated. Measurements showed that the thermal storage capacity and the storage capacity for condensate in the calcium silicate panel are so high and constant that cooling is continuously guaranteed even passively, i.e. when cooling by evaporation is switched off, and the energy consumption for this type of cooling is significantly lower than with conventional cooling processes. Continuous active cooling using a refrigeration unit is therefore not necessary with the invention.Furthermore, it was shown that the air humidity in a room with the invention remains constant even when the cooling is switched off. Even after the power is switched off at lower outside temperatures and the resulting evaporation of the condensate in the room, passively cooling condensate still remains in the calcium silicate panels without compromising sufficient storage capacity to absorb newly accumulating condensate in the subsequent active cooling phases. The relative constancy of the air humidity leads to the equally important aspect, namely a pleasant and healthy room climate, which is of particular importance in hospitals, medical or social facilities, among others. Optionally, the temperature control arrangement according to the invention can be equipped with a humidification device for humidifying the calcium silicate panels with a humidification medium, e.g. water.This option is not explicitly shown in the figures. It can be implemented, for example, by providing one or more dispensing devices for the (metered) dispensing of a humidifying medium, e.g., water, above the calcium silicate plates shown in the figures (and, for example, above the capillary tube mats). Optionally, the humidifying device can have one or more measuring devices for determining the moisture content of the calcium silicate plate. These can be, for example, moisture sensors arranged in or on the calcium silicate plate. These are also not shown in the figures. As already described, additional humidification using a humidifying device can be advantageous for both heating and cooling.If a humidification device is provided, the optionally mentioned insulation layer can be omitted or the insulation layer can be arranged above the humidification device (or behind the humidification device) so that it does not impair the humidification of the calcium silicate board and is not humidified itself.

[0048] Overall, the measures according to the invention allow for the realization of an arrangement or system that is suitable for both heating and cooling a room (in a combined system), with the advantages described. In particular, by using a heat pump and renewable energies (for the operation of the heat pump), both heating and cooling can be achieved in a CO2-neutral or nearly CO2-neutral manner, thus making an enormous contribution to climate protection.

Claims

Patent claims:

1. Arrangement for temperature control, in particular for cooling or heating, of a room (1) in a building, with - a wall or ceiling forming a load-bearing element (2), - at least one calcium silicate plate (3) arranged on the support element (2), which plate has a rear side (R) facing the support element (2) and a front side (V) facing away from the support element (2) and facing the room (1), and - at least one pipe assembly through which a temperature control medium, e.g. water, can flow, characterized in that the pipe assembly is designed as a capillary tube mat (4) and is arranged on the back of the calcium silicate plate (3) between the support element (2) and the calcium silicate plate (3).

2. Arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the calcium silicate plate (3) has a thickness (D) of 1 cm to 5 cm, e.g. 1 cm to 4 cm, preferably 2 cm to 3 cm.

3. Arrangement according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the calcium silicate plate (3) is provided on its front side (V) with at least one cladding layer (7), e.g. with a (diffusion-open) plaster layer and / or with a (diffusion-open) paint layer.

4. Arrangement according to claim 3, characterized in that the Calcium silicate plate (3) is plastered with a plaster layer made of a calcium silicate plaster, wherein the plaster layer has a thickness of 0.5 mm to 5 mm, preferably 1 mm to 3 mm.

5. Arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the pipe assembly, e.g. the capillary tube mat (4), is made of plastic, e.g. of polypropylene (PP) or based on polypropylene (PP).

6. Arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that an insulating material or an insulating layer is arranged between the pipe assembly (4) and the supporting element (2).

7. Arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the calcium silicate plate (3) is fastened, e.g. screwed, to the support element (2) or to a substructure with the interposition of the capillary tube mat (4) and optionally an insulating material.

8. Arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the calcium silicate plate (3) is fastened, e.g. screwed, to the support element (2) or to a substructure with the capillary tube mat (4) loosely placed on the plate interposed.

9. Arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the capillary tube mat (4) is pre-fixed to the support element (2) or a substructure.

10. Arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized by a humidifying device for humidifying the calcium silicate plate or calcium silicate plates, with which the calcium silicate plate(s) are moistened with a Humidification medium, e.g. water, can be applied.

11. Arrangement according to claim 10, characterized in that the humidification device comprises one or more dispensing devices, e.g. nozzles, spray devices, squirt devices or drip devices, arranged, for example, above the calcium silicate plate.

12. Arrangement according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the humidification device comprises one or more measuring devices for determining the moisture content of the calcium silicate plate, e.g., moisture sensors arranged in or on the calcium silicate plate.

13. Arrangement according to one of claims 11 to 12, characterized in that the humidification device has a control for a metered delivery of the humidification medium to the calcium silicate plate, wherein the control is preferably connected to the delivery device and / or to the measuring device.

14. A method for installing a temperature control arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that one or more calcium silicate plates (3) are arranged, e.g. fastened, to the support element (2) with at least one capillary tube mat (4) interposed, so that the capillary tube mat (4) is arranged on the back of the calcium silicate plates (3) between the support element (2) and the calcium silicate plates (3) and the calcium silicate plates (3) face the space (1).

15. Method according to claim 14, characterized in that the calcium silicate plates (3) are laid with the interposition of the loosely placed on the plate (3) the capillary tube mat (4) placed on it is fastened, e.g. screwed, to the supporting element or to a substructure (8), and the pipe assembly (6) is thereby fixed.

16. Method according to claim 14 or 15, characterized in that the capillary tube mat (4) is first pre-fixed, e.g. tensioned, to the supporting element (2), e.g., to the ceiling or wall, or to the substructure (8) before the calcium silicate plate (3) is attached to the supporting element (2) or the substructure.

17. Method for tempering a room (1), in particular for cooling or heating a room (1), with a tempering arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 13, which is arranged in the region of at least one wall and / or a ceiling, wherein the capillary tube mat (4) is flowed through by a tempering medium and the calcium silicate plate (3) is tempered thereby.

18. A method according to claim 17 for cooling the room (1), characterized in that the calcium silicate plate (3) is cooled via the capillary tube mat (4) through which a cooling medium flows and releases the cold to the room (1), e.g., inter alia, as evaporative cooling.

19. Method according to claim 17 or 18, for cooling the room (1), wherein the cooling, e.g. a cooling generator, is optionally switched on and off at intervals, wherein the calcium silicate plate (3) is cooled below the dew point when the cooling (e.g. cooling generator switched on) is switched on and the calcium silicate plate (3) absorbs the condensate thus formed, and wherein the calcium silicate plate (3) absorbs the absorbed moisture when the cooling (e.g. cooling generator switched off) is switched off to the room (1 ).

20. Method according to claim 17 or 18, for heating the room (1), wherein the heater (e.g. a heat generator) is switched on and off at time intervals, wherein the calcium silicate plate (3) is heated when the heater is switched on.

21. Method according to one of claims 17 to 20, characterized in that the calcium silicate plate is moistened with a moistening medium, e.g. with water.

22. Method according to claim 21, characterized in that the calcium silicate plate is exposed to the humidification medium depending on the moisture content of the calcium silicate plate.

23. Method according to claim 21 or 22, characterized in that the calcium silicate plate is moistened with the proviso that the degree of saturation of the calcium silicate plate is at least 10%, preferably at least 20%, e.g., about 30%, and / or that the degree of saturation of the calcium silicate plate is 10% to 50%, e.g., 25% to 35%, preferably about 30%.

24. Method according to one of claims 17 to 20, characterized in that the space to be cooled or heated is heated or cooled by the supplied humidification medium when the heating / cooling system (e.g. heat pump switched on) is switched on by radiant heat or radiant cold, and when the heating / cooling system (e.g. heat pump switched off) is switched off by evaporative heat or evaporative cold.

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