Heat exchanger panel for controlling the temperature of a space

Abstract

The invention relates to a heat exchanger panel comprising a heat exchanger. The heat exchanger has a medium line for conducting a heat exchanger medium from a medium inlet to a medium outlet and a thermally conductive heat exchanger wall which is connected to the medium line, and the heat exchanger wall forms a boundary surface facing a space, which boundary surface can be brought to a temperature that is lower than a heat load. Between the boundary surface and the space, at least one flat element is arranged, which is at least partially permeable for thermal radiation and is nearly impermeable for air, so that a nearly air-tight intermediate space is formed between the boundary surface and the flat element. The heat exchanger is characterised in that, in the region adjacent to the medium inlet, a condensation cavity is formed adjacent to the medium line and on the side facing away from the heat exchanger wall with respect to the flat element, and the heat exchanger wall has at least one opening, so that the intermediate space is connected in a communicating fashion to the condensation cavity. In the condensation cavity, a capillary substance is arranged or at least one capillary-active element is provided, which is conducted to an outer surface of the heat exchanger panel, so that liquid condensing in the condensation cavity is transported to the outside as a result of the capillary effect of the capillary substance or the capillary-active element, and can dry out again there.

Description

[0001] Heat exchanger panel for tempering a room

[0002] The invention relates to a heat exchanger panel for controlling the temperature of a room and a method for controlling the temperature of a room with such a heat exchanger panel.

[0003] It is known for the temperature control of buildings, i.e., for heating and cooling, to heat or cool a building component, e.g., using a heated or cooled pipe register. This allows the component to release heat to the room air and surrounding surfaces through radiation exchange, or to absorb heat from the room air and surrounding surfaces and heat loads within the room, thereby influencing the indoor climate. Ceiling panels, wall panels, or underfloor heating systems are often equipped with a water-based pipe register or electrically operated heating wire. This can be installed directly during construction or retrofitted to an existing building.

[0004] DE 10 2015 211 473 A1 and WO 2016 / 207141 A2 describe a device for air conditioning a room. The device comprises a heat sink having a surface facing the room. The surface is brought to a temperature lower than that of the room by means of the heat sink. The heat sink is implemented, for example, by cooling pipes. Water, a water / glycol mixture, or refrigerant can flow through the cooling pipes. Instead of the cooling pipes, electrically cooled components, e.g., via Peltier elements, can also be provided. Furthermore, the device comprises a surface element between the surface and the room. The surface element is designed to be almost airtight or impermeable to room air and water vapor, but transparent to thermal radiation. Furthermore, it is disclosed to arrange a dehumidification device in the area between the surface and the room to remove any small amount of moisture that may accumulate.The dehumidification device may be, among other things, a sorbent and / or a heating device and / or a fleece.

[0005] In this known heat exchanger device, the fleece is applied to the entire surface of the heat sink and extends over the sides of the heat exchanger device into a rear area for drying. The problem here is that if the fleece is arranged over the entire surface, large amounts of water accumulate, leading to an uncontrolled condition. As a result, the moisture is not always discharged to the rear area of ​​the heat exchanger device as intended, but can partially remain in the device. This impairs the performance of the heat exchanger device and can lead to damage to the device over time. Since such a heat exchanger device should be designed for continuous operation over a long period of time, this is a serious problem.

[0006] US Pat. No. 3,905,203 A discloses an air cooling and water condensate removal device comprising a thin plate. The plate has a fine, wettable, serrated, or porous surface on one side. The opposite side of the plate is thermally insulated. A cooling plate, for example, with a circulating liquid coolant, is arranged inside the plate. The coolant cools the wettable surface, causing moisture to condense from the air. The resulting condensate is drained away via capillary systems.

[0007] JP H06-323577 A describes a cooling device for homes and offices that absorbs heat radiation to cool the room. The cooling device comprises a panel that is thermally insulated on the wall side. A thin polymer layer is provided on the room side of the panel, which allows heat radiation to pass through and protects the panel from direct air contact. The panel is cooled by circulating water.

[0008] CN 111 912 066 A describes a radiant air conditioning unit. The radiant air conditioning unit comprises an energy transfer layer facing away from the room, a damping layer, and a radiant panel facing the room. The energy transfer layer is in thermal contact with the radiant panel via the damping layer, and the temperature of the radiant panel can be adjusted with it. An adjustment device is provided with which the thickness of the damping layer can be adjusted. This allows the temperature of the radiant panel to be precisely adjusted.

[0009] Based on this prior art, the present invention is based on the object of providing a heat exchanger panel for tempering a room, which tempers the room in an energy-efficient manner and allows controlled condensate formation between a heat sink and a surface element that is arranged at some distance from the heat sink.

[0010] This problem is solved by the subject matter having the features of the independent patent claim. Advantageous embodiments are specified in the dependent claims.

[0011] According to the invention, a heat exchanger panel is provided which comprises a heat exchanger. The heat exchanger has a medium line for conducting a heat exchange medium from a medium inlet to a medium outlet and a heat-conducting heat exchanger wall which is connected to the medium line. The heat exchanger wall forms an interface facing a space, which can be brought to a temperature lower than a heat load. Between the interface and the space, at least one surface element is arranged, which is at least partially permeable to thermal radiation and almost impermeable to air, so that a nearly airtight space is formed between the interface and the surface element.

[0012] The heat exchanger panel is characterized in that a condensation cavity is formed in the area adjacent to the medium inlet, adjacent to the medium line and on the side facing away from the heat exchanger wall with respect to the surface element, and the heat exchanger wall has at least one opening, so that the intermediate space is communicatively connected to the condensation cavity. A capillary material or at least one capillary-active element is provided in the condensation cavity, which is guided to an outer surface of the heat exchanger panel, so that liquid condensing in the condensation cavity is transported to the outside due to the capillary action of the capillary material or the capillary-active element, where it dries. The condensation cavity is a cavity in the sense that it is free of other bodies, allowing air to enter it and the moisture contained therein to condense.

[0013] The heat exchanger panel described comprises the heat exchanger and the space formed between the interface of the heat exchanger wall and the surface element. In a theoretical and idealized design of the heat exchanger panel, this space is completely sealed, so that there is no air exchange and no water vapor ingress due to a vapor pressure gradient with the environment. This is very difficult to achieve in practice, which is why air exchange, water vapor ingress, and thus moisture ingress almost always occur.

[0014] Since the heat exchanger panel is subjected to a temperature difference between the cold interface and the warm room air during operation, humidity accumulates in the space over time, condensing on the cold interface. It is also important to consider that such a heat exchanger panel is used continuously for long periods of time. The main transport mechanism for the introduction of moisture is water vapor diffusion due to the partial pressure gradient of the different climates. The partial water vapor pressure in the room is higher than that in the space.

[0015] Due to the design principle, a lower water vapor saturation pressure will prevail in the condensation cavity than in the remaining, nearly airtight space. The resulting diffusion pressure gradient results in a constant flow of material from any water entry point to the condensation cavity. Due to the low amount of water vapor, the natural vapor pressure equalization is sufficient to transport liquid from the condensation cavity to an outer surface of the heat exchanger panel via the capillary action of the capillary material, where it then evaporates. This enables continuous drying of the space.

[0016] WO 2016 / 207141 A2 does show a heat exchanger panel in which a nonwoven fabric is arranged along an interface of the heat sink and extends outward, capable of transporting moisture to the outside. However, this known heat exchanger panel does not have a condensation cavity, allowing air to accumulate and cool therein, causing the moisture contained in the air to condense.

[0017] The capillary material can be a nonwoven, a woven fabric, or a sorbent material. The capillary material can be, for example, a polymer film, in particular a polyamide film or a polyester film.

[0018] The term capillary material refers to materials that are fundamentally capable of absorbing liquids, in this case water. These materials are also characterized by the fact that they have pores, whereby a structure is formed through the pores, whereby the liquids move within the material primarily due to capillary forces. Capillary tension is a special form of surface tension. The pores can be macroscopic pores or microscopic pores at the molecular level, such as hollow fibers in a polyamide or polyester film. To the human observer, a polyamide film appears to be a smooth, pore-free film. However, it has very small pores which are suitable for absorbing water and cause the water to spread within the film. With pores this small, molecular interactions can also influence the spread of water within the film.

[0019] For example, capillary channels can be incorporated into the heat exchanger wall, eliminating the need for a fleece or fabric. In this case, the heat exchanger wall also forms the capillary material and leads to an outer region of the heat exchanger panel. The capillary channels can be laser-cut into the surface of the heat exchanger wall, for example. The capillary channels are preferably incorporated into the surface of the heat exchanger wall facing the condensation cavity and extend only up to the condensation cavity.

[0020] The aim is to cool the interface of the heat exchanger wall. The heat exchanger wall is a wall with good thermal conductivity, whereby the interface of the heat exchanger wall represents the surface of the heat exchanger towards the intermediate space. The heat exchanger wall creates thermal contact between individual elements of the medium line, thus increasing the cooling surface of the heat exchanger. The interface is cooled by a cold medium that is passed through the medium line. This cools the medium line first, and due to heat conduction, the surface of the medium line, and then the heat exchanger wall and the interface become cold. The coldest point in the medium line is close to the medium inlet. The further the medium line extends towards the medium outlet, the warmer it becomes.

[0021] The heat load in the room can be caused, for example, by solar radiation or by the heat emitted by people. The infrared thermal radiation emanating from the heat load is absorbed by the interface and removed from the room by the cold medium. In the area adjacent to the medium inlet, the condensation cavity is provided adjacent to the medium line. The condensation cavity is a small air cavity formed on the side facing away from the heat exchanger wall with respect to the surface element. In this area, the heat exchanger wall has at least one opening so that the intermediate space is connected to the condensation cavity. The air humidity accumulating in the intermediate space thus passes through the opening from the intermediate space into the condensation cavity and condenses there on the cold medium line.The capillary material arranged in the condensation cavity, which is vapor- and airtight and connected to an outer surface of the heat exchanger panel, transports the condensing liquid to the outside due to its capillary action, where it can dry in the air. The pores of the capillary material are so fine that only minimal moisture diffusion occurs into the capillary material, both inside and outside the heat exchanger panel. This means that almost no water vapor can penetrate from the outside, and almost no gas flow occurs from the outside toward the condensation cavity. If the pores are filled with water during condensation, they are impermeable to vapor diffusion. Since the condensed water is distilled water, there is no risk of the pores becoming clogged.In addition, no liquid flows through the capillary material from the outside to the condensation cavity, since the water vapor pressure and material moisture of the capillary material inside the condensation cavity is greater than on the outer surface.

[0022] Due to the described uneven distribution of cold air in the medium line, the humidity accumulating in the gap is not evenly distributed throughout the gap, but rather condenses primarily at the coldest point of the medium line. Since the moisture is thus removed from the air at this point, additional air with higher humidity moves in this direction, and the moisture condenses again.

[0023] With the described arrangement, it is not necessary to arrange the capillary material along the entire heat exchanger. It takes advantage of the fact that moisture condenses primarily in the area of ​​the medium inlet on the medium line. For this reason, the condensation cavity, where the moisture accumulates, is provided in this area of ​​the medium line. Thus, it is sufficient to install the capillary material only there to ensure effective and controlled moisture removal.

[0024] By providing the condensation cavity on the side facing away from the heat exchanger wall with respect to the surface element, and with at least one opening communicating between the intermediate space and the condensation cavity, the thermal radiation transmitted through the surface element does not directly impinge on the medium line. The medium line is thus shielded from a large portion of the thermal radiation by the heat exchanger wall and remains cool. The medium line can be formed from one or more straight line sections or a meandering line.

[0025] In one embodiment of the heat exchanger panel, the heat exchanger has a meandering medium line.

[0026] The medium line is preferably designed such that it has a supply line and a discharge line with a large cross-section, which are arranged approximately parallel to each other, with connecting lines with a smaller cross-section arranged between them. The connecting lines run approximately parallel to each other and connect the supply line and the discharge line. These connecting lines can be capillary tubes, and such a line system with capillary tubes is also referred to as a capillary tube mat, especially when the lines are made of plastic.

[0027] The heat exchanger panel can comprise a ceiling or wall panel into which the medium line is embedded. The medium line is preferably integrated into the ceiling or wall panel in such a way that the material of the ceiling or wall panel fills the spaces between the individual elements of the medium line. The space between the interface and the surface element can be enclosed laterally by edge elements.

[0028] The ceiling or wall panel and the edge elements can be made of a substantially diffusion-tight material. This design minimizes heat input into the medium line and moisture input into the space between the interface and the surface element.

[0029] The interface of the heat exchanger wall is particularly relevant for the temperature control of the room. This interface can be smooth or rough in order to influence its absorption or reflection behavior. The heat exchanger wall can, for example, be a layer of metal or contain or consist of a metallic alloy. The performance of the heat exchanger panel according to the invention can be increased by a high thermal conductivity and / or high heat capacity of the interface and high absorption in the radiation range of thermal radiation from 2 to 20 pm wavelength. On the other hand, the response behavior of the heat exchanger panel can be specifically influenced by a low or high heat capacity of the interface, or by additionally introducing or attaching latent heat storage materials (PCM).

[0030] The region in which the condensing cavity is formed adjacent to the medium inlet can comprise at least 10% or at least 20% or at least 30% of a length of the medium line.

[0031] This design ensures that the condensation cavity covers the area where the medium line is coldest and where the majority of the condensate accumulates. This limited area, where the capillary material is also located, prevents large amounts of water from accumulating, allowing the condensate to be drained away in a controlled manner.

[0032] In a preferred embodiment, which uses a capillary mat with a collecting line, the condensation cavity is formed along a large portion of the collecting line through which the cooling medium is supplied to the capillary mat. Preferably, the condensation cavity extends over an area of ​​at least 60%, in particular at least 70%, and particularly preferably at least 90% of this collecting line.

[0033] Since the condensing cavity, unlike the surface of the heat exchanger wall, does not receive any heat radiation, it is generally cooler than the heat exchanger wall.

[0034] It is also possible to cover only parts of the area with the capillary material, although these areas would be even cooler due to the removal of the capillary material.

[0035] A plurality of openings can be formed in the heat exchanger wall, wherein the openings have a minimum clear width of at least 0.2 mm, at least 0.3 mm, or at least 0.4 mm and / or a maximum clear width of 1.5 mm, or a maximum of 1.4 mm, or a maximum of 1.3 mm. The openings can also be formed as longitudinal or elongated slots or combinations of slots and round openings. The heat exchanger wall can also be formed from a diffusion-open material in the region of the condensation cavity.

[0036] In a preferred embodiment of the heat exchanger panel, the heat exchanger wall has openings in the form of perforations. The size of the perforations is chosen so that water vapor can flow through, but not liquid water. This prevents water from dripping from the condensation cavity toward the surface element and accumulating there. This would lead to long-term damage to the heat exchanger panel.

[0037] The surface element can exhibit a transmission of more than about 50% or more than about 70% or more than about 90% at a wavelength between about 3 pm and about 30 pm or between about 6 pm and about 20 pm, at least in a partial region.

[0038] The surface element decouples heat exchange at the interface of the heat exchanger wall by means of thermal radiation and thermal conduction. Consequently, the interface can be cooled to a temperature below the dew point of the humidity in the room air. This allows heat to be effectively removed from the room by thermal radiation. The surface element can, for example, contain or consist of a polymer.

[0039] The aforementioned wavelength range contains a large portion of the thermal radiation energy of a blackbody radiator at approximately 300 K. If the heat exchanger panel according to the invention is intended for use in a warmer climate, this wavelength range can be shifted. Shorter wavelengths can also occur if the room contains special heat sources, such as electrical or electronic devices. A transmission of approximately 50% to approximately 90% in at least a partial range of the aforementioned wavelength range ensures that a sufficient portion of the thermal radiation reaches the interface of the heat exchanger wall and can thus be transported out of the room.At the same time, the transparency and the associated low absorption and emission levels of the surface element in the specified wavelength range of the material ensure that the surface element releases little heat energy to the interface and therefore does not cool down and thus does not fall below the dew point of the humidity in the room air.

[0040] At the same time, the surface element can be designed to be at least partially reflective and / or absorbent in the visible spectral range, thus enabling a visually appealing design.

[0041] A tray can be provided that completely or almost completely encloses the ceiling or wall panel on the side facing the ceiling or wall, and / or that completely or almost completely encloses the medium line and the condensation cavity on the side facing the ceiling or wall. The tray can be made of a diffusion-tight material, preferably a metal such as aluminum.

[0042] The tray thus insulates the ceiling or wall panel and, consequently, the condensation cavity from the surrounding ceiling or wall, which is normally formed by an insulation material that is not completely impermeable to diffusion. If the tray only encloses the medium line and the condensation cavity, the medium line and the condensation cavity are insulated from the surroundings.

[0043] A heat-insulating and / or sound-absorbing layer and / or a layer that is diffusion-tight against water vapor can be provided on a side of the heat exchanger panel facing away from the room.

[0044] The thermal insulation layer can, for example, reduce energy loss from a room to the outside or into volumes and areas that are not to be heated. The sound-absorbing layer reduces the sound level in the room by absorbing sound waves and converting them into thermal energy. This improves speech intelligibility in rooms, among other things. The sound-absorbing layer is, for example, an acoustic foam and is preferably made of the same material as the diffusion-tight thermal insulation material. The acoustic foam has a more open-pored surface than the thermal insulation material. The water vapor-tight layer prevents moisture from penetrating the ceiling and / or walls of the room or the surface of the heat exchanger.

[0045] Electronic components such as sensors, semiconductors, LEDs and / or other active or passive components or thermal or hygroscopic storage materials can be arranged between the heat exchanger wall and the surface element and / or on the side of the surface element facing the room.

[0046] The components can also be electrothermal components, such as Peltier elements. In certain versions, a PCM material can also be incorporated for thermal buffering.

[0047] Electronic components such as LEDs can be used for decorative and technical purposes. For example, a heat exchanger panel according to the invention can not only serve to regulate the temperature of a room, but also, with lighting elements, contribute to the visual design and workplace lighting of the room. In warehouses or laboratories, where a constant temperature and / or constant humidity are very important, sensors can be provided to continuously monitor these values.

[0048] Furthermore, a method according to the invention for cooling a room with a heat exchanger panel as explained above is provided, comprising the following steps, conducting a cool heat exchange medium in a medium line,

[0049] Condensation of moisture in a condensation cavity adjacent to the medium line, absorption of the moisture by a section of a capillary material arranged in the condensation cavity, and

[0050] Removal of moisture by means of the capillary action of the capillary material to an outer surface of the heat exchanger panel.

[0051] The advantages described above with reference to the intake system apply analogously to the method according to the invention.

[0052] Further objects, features, and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the description and the exemplary embodiment illustrated in the accompanying drawings. These show:

[0053] Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of a heat exchanger panel according to the invention, integrated into a ceiling or wall panel, in a first embodiment; in a side view, in Figure 2 shows a schematic representation of a heat exchanger panel according to the invention, integrated into a ceiling or wall panel, in a first embodiment with a tray in a first embodiment; in a side view, in

[0054] Figure 3 is a schematic representation of a heat exchanger panel according to the invention, integrated into a ceiling or wall panel, in a first embodiment with a tray in a second embodiment; in a side view, in

[0055] Figure 4 is a schematic representation of a heat exchanger panel according to the invention, integrated into a ceiling or wall panel, in a second embodiment; in a side view, in

[0056] Figure 5 is a schematic representation of the heat exchanger panel according to the invention, integrated into a ceiling or wall panel, in a third embodiment; in a side view, in

[0057] Figure 6 is a schematic representation of the heat exchanger panel according to the invention, integrated into a ceiling or wall panel, in a fourth embodiment; in a side view, in

[0058] Figure 7 is a schematic representation of the heat exchanger panel according to the invention, integrated into a ceiling or wall panel and connected to a heat exchanger, in a first embodiment; in a schematic view, in

[0059] Figure 8 is a schematic representation of the heat exchanger panel according to the invention, integrated into a ceiling or wall panel and connected to a heat exchanger, in a second embodiment, and in

[0060] Figure 9 is a schematic representation of the heat exchanger panel according to the invention, integrated into a ceiling or wall panel and connected to a heat exchanger, in a third embodiment.

[0061] In the following, a heat exchanger panel 1 according to the invention for controlling the temperature of a room 2 is described in more detail using a first exemplary embodiment (Figs. 1 to 3). Room 2 has a heat load.

[0062] The heat exchanger panel 1 comprises a heat exchanger s. The heat exchanger s is integrated into a ceiling or wall panel 4. The heat exchanger 3 has a medium line 5. The medium line 5 comprises a supply line 23 and a discharge line 24 with a large cross-section. The supply line 23 and the discharge line 24 are arranged approximately parallel to one another. Connecting lines 6 with a smaller cross-section are arranged between them. The connecting lines 6 run approximately parallel to one another and connect the supply line 23 and the discharge line 24. The connecting lines 6 are preferably capillary tubes. The supply line 23, the discharge line 24, and the connecting lines 6 are preferably made of plastic, so that together they form a capillary tube mat (Fig. 7). The medium line 5 and / or the connecting lines 6 can also be made of metal.

[0063] The heat exchanger 3 can also have several medium lines 5 with a large cross-section in sections, which are connected to one another by connecting lines 6 (Fig. 8). Here, the several medium lines 5 are arranged parallel to one another and are each connected to one another by several connecting lines 6 arranged perpendicularly thereto and running parallel to one another. The connecting lines 6 are preferably capillary tubes. The heat exchanger 3 can also have a meandering medium line 5 (Fig. 9).

[0064] The medium is a refrigerant in the form of a fluid that serves to absorb heat. The refrigerant can be chilled water, for example. A refrigerant, such as R32 or R290, can also flow directly through the heat exchanger.

[0065] The medium line 5 of the heat exchanger 3 has a medium inlet 7 and a medium outlet 8. The heat exchange medium typically flows through the medium line 5 from the medium inlet 7 toward the medium outlet 8.

[0066] A heat pump 9 is provided to supply the cooled heat exchange medium to the heat exchanger 3 via a pipeline 10 (Figs. 7 to 9). The heat exchange medium is fed from the pipeline 10 directly into the medium inlet 7 of the medium line 5 of the heat exchanger 3. After the heat exchange medium has passed through the medium line 5, it leaves the medium line 5 through the medium outlet 8 and returns to the heat pump 9. The heat pump 9 and the heat exchanger 3 form a circuit. For example, a single heat pump 9 can be provided in a building, which is connected to a plurality of heat exchanger panels 1 on different floors via several pipelines 10 and supplies the cooled heat exchange medium to the heat exchangers 3. Alternatively, any heat sink can be integrated into the circuit. Thus, systems with solar cooling, geothermal probes, or groundwater cooling, and consequently regenerative cooling sources, are also possible.

[0067] The medium line 5 of the heat exchanger 3 is inserted into the ceiling or wall panel 4 in such a way that a material of the ceiling or wall panel 4 fills the spaces between the individual elements of the medium line 5. The material is preferably a diffusion-tight thermal insulation material. The heat exchanger 3 has a heat-conducting heat exchanger wall 11 that is thermally connected to the medium line 5 and the connecting lines 6, so that the heat exchanger wall 11 is tempered by the medium line 5. On a side facing the room 2, the heat exchanger wall 11 forms an interface 12. The interface 12 represents the surface of the heat exchanger 3 facing the room 2. The temperature exchange between the room 2 and the heat exchange medium flowing through the medium line 5 of the heat exchanger 3 essentially takes place at the interface 12.The heat exchanger wall 11 is a layer of metal or other material with good thermal conductivity. The heat exchanger wall 11 establishes thermal contact between the individual elements of the medium line 5, thus increasing the cooling surface of the heat exchanger 3.

[0068] The coldest point of the medium line 5 is in the area of ​​the medium inlet 7. The further the medium line 5 extends toward the medium outlet 8, the warmer it becomes. For this reason, a condensation cavity 13 is formed in this area adjacent to the medium inlet 7, adjacent to the medium line 5 and on the side facing away from the heat exchanger wall 11 with respect to the interface 12. The condensation cavity 13 is a small air cavity.

[0069] The ceiling or wall panel 4 has a trough 26 on the ceiling or wall side, which completely or almost completely encloses the ceiling or wall panel 4 on the side facing the ceiling or wall (Fig. 2). In addition, the trough 26 projects into a lateral area of ​​the ceiling or wall panel 4, so that the outer surface 19 is also enclosed. The trough 26 is connected to the ceiling or wall panel 4 in a diffusion-tight manner in the area of ​​the edge element 15, preferably glued or welded. The trough 26 is made of a diffusion-tight material, such as a metal such as aluminum. However, it can also be made of plastic or be realized by a coating within the ceiling or wall panel 4. In this way, the trough 26 insulates the ceiling or wall panel 4 and consequently also the condensation cavity 13 from the ceiling or wall panel 4.wall-side environment, which is normally formed by an insulating material that is not completely diffusion-tight.

[0070] It can also be provided that the tray 26 only encloses the medium line 5 and the condensing cavity 13, so that in particular the medium line 5 and the condensing cavity 13 are insulated from the environment (Fig. 3).

[0071] In one possible embodiment (Fig. 1), the medium line 5 is arranged at a slight distance from the heat exchanger wall 11 in the ceiling or wall panel 4. The space created by the spacing of the medium line 5 from the heat exchanger wall 11 forms the condensation cavity 13. To ensure a good thermal connection between the medium and the heat exchanger wall 11, the connecting lines 6 are connected to the heat exchanger wall 6 and are thus in direct thermal contact with the heat exchanger wall 6 (not shown). If, instead of the capillary tube system, a hose system is used to represent the medium line 5, then walls 25 made of a metal, such as aluminum, are provided, for example, which connect the medium line 5 and the heat exchanger wall 11 to one another in order to establish a good thermal connection between the medium line 5 and the heat exchanger wall 11.

[0072] In another possible embodiment (Fig. 4), the medium line 5 is arranged directly adjacent to the heat exchanger wall 11 in order to be directly thermally connected to it. The condensation cavity 13 is provided laterally adjacent to the medium line 5 and slightly spaced from the heat exchanger wall 11. Preferably, the condensation cavity 13 is provided on the side of the medium line 5 that is closer to an edge of the heat exchanger 3. However, condensation cavities 13 can also be provided on both sides of the medium line 5. This has the advantage that an installation error due to incorrect orientation of the flow and return lines cannot occur.

[0073] A surface element 14 is arranged at a distance from the interface 12 on the side of the heat exchanger wall 11 facing the chamber 2. The surface element 14 is at least partially permeable to thermal radiation and virtually impermeable to air and water vapor diffusion from the chamber 2. The surface element 14 can, for example, contain or consist of a polymer.

[0074] In a lateral area of ​​the heat exchanger panel 1, edge elements 15 are provided between the heat exchanger wall 11 and the surface element 14. The edge elements 15, together with the surface element 14, ensure that a virtually airtight gap 16 is formed between the heat exchanger wall 11 and the surface element 14.

[0075] The heat exchanger wall 11 has several openings 17 in the area of ​​the condensation cavity 13. The openings 17 communicate between the intermediate space 16 and the condensation cavity 13. The openings 17 are formed, for example, by perforations in the heat exchanger wall 11. The size of the perforations is selected so that water vapor can flow through, but not liquid water. The openings 17 can be designed as longitudinal or elongated slots or combinations of slots and round openings.

[0076] The heat exchanger wall 11 can also be made of a diffusion-open material in the area of ​​the condensation cavity 13. It is also possible for the condensation cavity 13 to be completely exposed.

[0077] A capillary material 18 is provided in the condensation cavity 13. The capillary material 18 can be a nonwoven, a woven fabric, or a sorbent material. The capillary material 18 can be, for example, a polyamide film or a polyester film. The condensation cavity 13 can be completely filled with the capillary material 18.

[0078] In the present embodiment, the capillary material 18 is a fleece. It can also be provided to cover at least one opening 17 of the heat exchanger wall 11 with the fleece 18. The fleece 18 leads to an outer surface 19 of the heat exchanger panel 1. The fleece 18 extends through the ceiling or wall panel 4 and the tray 26 to the outer surface 19. The fleece 18 is bonded to the ceiling or wall panel 4 and the tray 26 in such a way that a vapor-diffusion- and airtight connection is formed between the fleece 18 and the ceiling or wall panel 4 or the tray 26, respectively. The adhesive is viscous enough to reliably bond the surface of the fleece 18 to the ceiling or wall panel 4 or the tray 26, but not so viscous that it can penetrate into the pores of the fleece 18 and clog them.

[0079] If the cold heat exchanger medium flows through the medium line 5, the medium line 5 cools first, and due to heat conduction, the surface of the medium line 5 cools. As a result, the heat exchanger wall 11 connected to the medium line 5 and thus the interface 12 become cold.

[0080] Since the coldest point of the medium line 5 is near the medium inlet 7, the moisture in the gap 16 is not evenly distributed within the gap 16. The moisture condenses primarily at this coldest point of the medium line 5. Since the moisture is thus removed from the air at this point, additional air with higher humidity strives in this direction, and the moisture condenses again. The moisture passes through the openings 17 of the heat exchanger wall 11. The condensed moisture is absorbed by the fleece 18 and transported to the outside due to the capillary action of the fleece 18, where it can dry in the air.

[0081] Instead of the capillary material 18, it is also possible to provide capillary channels (not shown) in the heat exchanger wall 11. Thus, no fleece or fabric is necessary. In this case, the heat exchanger wall 11 additionally forms the capillary material 18 and leads to the outer surface 19 of the ceiling or wall panel 4. The capillary channels can be laser-cut into the surface of the heat exchanger wall 11, for example. The capillary channels have a circular surface of at least 0.1 mm 2 or at least 0.3 mm 2 or at least 0.5 mm 2 and / or a circular surface of maximum 1 mm 2 or a maximum of 0.75 mm 2 or a maximum of 0.5 mm 2 on.

[0082] Thermal radiation emanating from a heat load in room 2 transmits at least partially through the surface element 13. From there, after passing through the intermediate space 16, it reaches the interface 12 of the heat exchanger wall 11, where it is absorbed. The heat is absorbed and dissipated by the heat exchange medium flowing through the medium line 5 via thermal conduction.

[0083] Since the heat exchanger wall 11 also extends over the condensation cavity 13 and only has openings 17 that are permeable only to moisture, the condensation cavity 13 is shielded from a large portion of the thermal radiation. As a result, the condensation cavity 13 and the medium line 5 remain in a cooler state – or form the coolest point in the closed space 16. According to a third embodiment (Fig. 5), a sound-absorbing layer 20 is incorporated into the material of the ceiling or wall panel 4. The sound-absorbing layer 20 is preferably an acoustic foam and preferably made of the same material as the diffusion-tight thermal insulation material of the ceiling or wall panel 4. The acoustic foam has a more open-pored surface than the thermal insulation material. The sound-absorbing layer 20 reduces the sound level and the reverberation time in room 2.

[0084] According to a fourth embodiment (Fig. 6), lighting elements 21 are provided on the side of the surface element 14 facing away from the room 2.

[0085] The lighting elements 21 can be provided both on the side of the surface element 14 facing the room 2 and on the side of the surface element 14 facing away from the room 2. The lighting elements 21 are, for example, LEDs that are mounted on the surface element 14 at a distance from one another. Thus, a ceiling or wall panel 4 can not only serve to regulate the temperature of the room 2, but at the same time, with lighting elements 21, can contribute to the optical and technical design of the room 2. The lighting elements 21 are preferably connected to a control device 22. The control device 22 can be controlled by means of a remote control. For example, the lighting elements 21 can be switched on and off individually, or the brightness of the lighting elements 21 can be individually adjusted.

[0086] In addition to the lighting elements 21 or instead of the lighting elements 21, further electronic components (not shown), such as sensors, semiconductors, LEDs and / or other active or passive components or thermal storage materials, can also be arranged on the surface element 14.

[0087] Both the lighting elements 21 and / or the other electronic components are arranged such that a sufficiently large portion of thermal radiation necessary for the invention can pass through the surface element 14 and reach the interface 12. The lighting elements 21 and / or the other electronic components can also be designed such that, like the surface element 14, they are at least partially permeable to thermal radiation and almost impermeable to air.

[0088] In the following, an inventive method for a heat exchanger panel 1 according to the above-described embodiment of the present invention is explained.

[0089] A cool heat exchange medium is passed through the medium line 5 of the heat exchanger 3 of the heat exchanger panel 1 to cool it. Moisture in the space 16 of the heat exchanger panel 1 condenses in the condensation cavity 13 adjacent to the medium line 5.

[0090] The moisture accumulated in the condensation cavity 13 is absorbed by the section of the capillary material 18 arranged in the condensation cavity 13.

[0091] Due to the capillary action of the capillary material 18, the moisture is conducted within the capillary material 18 and discharged to an outer surface 19 of the heat exchanger panel 1. Here, the moisture is released into the environment.

[0092] List of reference symbols

[0093] 1 heat exchanger panel

[0094] 2 rooms

[0095] 3 heat exchangers

[0096] 4 Ceiling or wall panel

[0097] 5 Medium line

[0098] 6 connecting lines

[0099] 7 Medium inlet

[0100] 8 Medium outlet

[0101] 9 Heat pump

[0102] 10 Pipeline

[0103] 11 Heat exchanger wall

[0104] 12 Interface

[0105] 13 Condensing cavity

[0106] 14 Surface element

[0107] 15 edge element

[0108] 16 space

[0109] 17 Opening

[0110] 18 Capillary substance

[0111] 19 Exterior area

[0112] 20 sound-absorbing layer

[0113] 21 Lighting element

[0114] 22 Control device

[0115] 23 Supply line

[0116] 24 discharge line

[0117] 25 wall

[0118] 26 tub

Claims

Claims Heat exchanger panel (1) comprising a heat exchanger (3) which has a medium line (5) for guiding a heat exchange medium from a medium inlet (7) to a medium outlet (8) and a heat-conducting heat exchanger wall (11) which is connected to the medium line (5), and the heat exchanger wall (11) forming an interface (12) facing a space (2) which can be brought to a temperature lower than that of a heat load, wherein at least one surface element (14) is arranged between the interface (12) and the space (2) which is at least partially permeable to thermal radiation and almost impermeable to air, such that an almost airtight space (16) is formed between the interface (12) and the surface element (14), characterized in thatthat in the area adjacent to the medium inlet (7) a condensing cavity (13) is formed adjacent to the medium line (5) and on the side facing away from the heat exchanger wall (11) with respect to the surface element (14) and the heat exchanger wall (11) has at least one opening (17) so that the space (16) is connected to the condensing cavity (13) in a communicating manner, and a capillary material (18) is arranged in the condensing cavity (13) which is led to an outer surface (19) of the heat exchanger panel (1) so that liquid condensing in the condensing cavity (13) is transported to the outside due to the capillary action of the capillary material (18). Heat exchanger panel (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat exchanger panel (1) comprises a ceiling or wall panel (4) in which the medium line (5) is embedded and that the intermediate space (16) is laterally enclosed by edge elements (15). Heat exchanger panel (1) according to claim 2,characterized by that the ceiling or wall panel (4) and the edge elements (15) are made of a substantially diffusion-tight material. Heat exchanger panel (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the capillary material (18) is a nonwoven fabric, a woven fabric, a sorptive material, or is a polymer. Heat exchanger panel (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the medium line (5) is at least a straight or meandering line. Heat exchanger panel (1) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the area in which the condensation cavity (13) is formed adjacent to the medium inlet (7) comprises at least 10%, at least 20%, or at least 30% of the length of the medium line (5).Heat exchanger panel (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that several openings (17) are formed in the heat exchanger wall (11), wherein the openings (17) have a minimum clear width of at least 0.2 mm, at least 0.3 mm, or at least 0.4 mm, and / or a maximum clear width of 1.5 mm, at most 1.4 mm, or at most 1.3 mm. Heat exchanger panel (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the surface element (14) exhibits a transmission of more than approximately 50%, more than approximately 70%, or more than approximately 90% at a wavelength between approximately 3 pm and approximately 30 pm or between approximately 6 pm and approximately 20 pm, at least in a partial region. Heat exchanger panel (1) according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that a tray (26) is provided which places the ceiling or wall panel (4) on the ceiling or wall.which completely or almost completely encloses the side facing the wall, and / or which completely or almost completely encloses the medium line (5) and the condensing cavity (13) on the side facing the ceiling or the wall. Heat exchanger panel (1) according to claim 9, characterized in that the tray (26) is made of a diffusion-tight material, preferably a metal such as aluminum. Heat exchanger panel (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that a heat-insulating and / or sound-absorbing layer (20) and / or a diffusion-tight layer with respect to water vapor is provided on a side of the heat exchanger panel (1) facing away from the room (2). Heat exchanger panel (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that electronic components, such as sensors, semiconductors, LEDs and / or other active or passive components or thermal storage materials, are arranged between the heat exchanger wall (11) and the surface element (14) and / or on the side of the surface element (14) facing the room (2). Method for cooling a room (2) with a heat exchanger panel (1) according to claim 1, comprising the steps Guiding a cool heat exchange medium in a medium line (5), Condensation of moisture in a condensation cavity (13) adjacent to the medium line (5), Absorption of moisture by a section of a capillary material (18) arranged in the condensation cavity (13), and Moisture is drawn away by means of capillary action of the capillary material (18) to an outer surface (19) of the heat exchanger panel (1). Method according to claim 13, characterized in that a heat exchanger panel according to one of claims 1 to 12 is used.

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