Screwing tool having a directionally reversible freewheel lock

Abstract

The invention relates to a screwing tool, comprising a driving portion (1), an output portion (2), and a switching ring (4) of a freewheel lock (3), said switching ring being disposed axially between the driving portion and the output portion (2), and the freewheel lock being able to be brought, by rotation of the switching ring (4) in an azimuthal switching direction (S1, S2), into a freewheel position, in which the output portion (2) can be rotated relative to the driving portion (1) in a freewheel direction (F1, F2). In order to enable a "quick screwing function" by means of the screwing tool, the switching ring (4) can be rotated in the freewheel direction in question without limitation, which is achieved by virtue of the fact that the switching direction (S1, S2) corresponds to the freewheel direction (F1, F2).

Description

Description Screw tool with reversible freewheel lock field of technology

[0001] The invention relates to a screwdriving tool with a drive section and an output section and an axially arranged switching ring of a freewheel lock, wherein the switching ring can be switched in an azimuthal switching direction against a freewheel direction of the output section relative to the drive section. State of the art

[0002] Screwdrivers with a direction-reversible freewheel mechanism, so-called ratchets, are known in the prior art. Screwdrivers with such a ratchet function are described, for example, in DE 102007004987 Al or DE 102008 055558.

[0003] Furthermore, state-of-the-art screwdrivers feature a drive section in the form of an elongated handle that can be gripped by the user. An axial extension of the handle is a shaft, which has a screw profile or opening at its free end into which a screw bit can be inserted. The shaft and handle are functionally connected by a switchable freewheel mechanism. A switching ring is provided to change the freewheel direction of the drive section relative to the driven section. This switching ring can be rotated azimuthally with respect to the tool's axis between several switching positions. The switching ring's rotation relative to the handle is limited, namely between stop positions or detent positions that fix the switching ring in its switching positions.

[0004] With such a screwdriver, a screw can be progressively screwed into or out of a thread by twisting the handle back and forth. When using such slim screwdrivers with axially arranged drive and driven sections, rapid rotation is achieved by twisting a portion of the handle using only the tips of the thumb and one or more fingers. This method of using a screwdriver is commonly referred to as "twisting."

[0005] The invention further relates to a freewheel locking mechanism, which is particularly suitable for use in the handle of a screwdriver in which replaceable blades are inserted and in particular blades provided with an insulated sheath.

[0006] A screwdriver with a handle and a recess in which an electrically insulated blade is inserted and held in place by a locking device is disclosed in DE 102005 012 729 B4. A similar screwdriver is described in DE 10 2019102667 Al.

[0007] From US patents 2013 / 0042723 Al, US patents 2006 / 0075621 Al, US patent 2015 / 0000472 Al and EP 2 623266 Bl, screwdrivers are known in which a switching ring is rotatable relative to a handle for adjusting the switching positions, with either a stop limit or a detent limit. The switching direction is opposite to the freewheeling direction.

[0008] US 2007 / 0240544 Al also describes a screw tool in which the shift ring is only adjustable to change the shift position relative to the handle. Here, the freewheel direction corresponds to the shift direction. Summary of the invention

[0009] The invention is based on the objective of further developing a generic screw tool in such a way that it can be used to improve "twisting".

[0010] The problem is solved by the invention specified in the claims, wherein the dependent claims not only represent advantageous further developments of the invention specified in the dependent claims, but are also independent solutions to the problem.

[0011] First and foremost, a screwdriving tool is proposed that has a drive section and an output section. A freewheel lock with a switching ring is functionally arranged between the drive and output sections. By rotating the switching ring, the freewheel lock can be moved from a locked position to a freewheel position. In particular, it is possible to switch between two freewheel positions, in which the output section is rotatable in one freewheel direction relative to the drive section, but not in the opposite direction. According to the invention, the switching ring is rotatable without limitation in the freewheel direction, and especially in the respective freewheel direction. According to the invention, the switching ring has a dual function. It can be used to switch the freewheel lock. Simultaneously, the switching ring can also be used to perform a twisting action.The switching ring is supported by a bearing section, for example, a bearing body. The switching ring can be switched in the azimuthal switching direction relative to this bearing body. The bearing section is preferably fixedly connected to the output section and can thus be rotated relative to the input section and rotated indefinitely in the freewheeling direction. Furthermore, it is proposed that, unlike the prior art, the switching direction of the new position to be achieved during switching is determined by the specific direction of the switch. The freewheel direction of the output section corresponds to the direction of rotation of the input section. For example, if a switching position of the freewheel lock is to be changed from a position allowing clockwise rotation of a screw, where the freewheel direction of the freewheel lock is the clockwise direction of rotation of the output section relative to the input section, to a switching position allowing counterclockwise rotation of a screw, the switching ring must be rotated in the new freewheel direction, which is a counterclockwise direction of rotation of the output section. Similarly, when changing the freewheel lock from a switching position where the freewheel direction is counterclockwise to a switching position where the freewheel direction is clockwise, it must be rotated in a clockwise direction.If the freewheel mechanism has a neutral position in which the drive and driven sections are rotationally fixed to each other, a freewheel position is achieved by rotating the shift ring either counterclockwise or clockwise. The freewheel direction of the driven section achieved by rotating the shift ring is then the same direction in which the shift ring was rotated. For "twisting," the shift ring is rotated in the desired "twisting direction," which corresponds to a freewheel direction. For example, if a screw with a right-hand thread is to be screwed into a corresponding thread, the shift ring is rotated clockwise. According to the invention, the shift ring can be used for "twisting."

[0012] According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, it is further proposed that the switching ring, in its switching positions corresponding to a freewheel position of the freewheel lock, is latched relative to a bearing body carrying one or more locking elements by means of detent elements or is rotationally locked by means of stops. The switching ring is rotatable without limitation relative to the drive section in the respective freewheel direction. By grasping the switching ring with the tip of the thumb and fingertips, the The switching ring is rotated relative to the drive section to enable "twisting." In this way, the locking element, which otherwise locks the freewheel in the opposite direction, can slide with its locking section over the teeth of the circumferential gearing. According to a preferred embodiment, the screw tool has an elongated shape. An elongated handle forming the drive section is coaxially aligned with a shaft forming the output section, wherein a screw tool profile is arranged at the end of the shaft, or the shaft forms an insertion opening for a screw insert. The handle can be made of plastic and have a diameter in the range of 1 to 5 cm. The switching ring can function as an anti-roll device by having a non-circular circumferential surface. The circumferential surface can be polygonal. The switching ring is preferably located directly where the shaft adjoins the handle.The handle can form an annular groove in its axial region adjacent to the shift ring, the groove having a diameter smaller than the outer diameter of the shift ring. The shift ring can be part of an assembly that can be inserted into a cavity open towards the end face of a handle body. In a preferred embodiment, the freewheel lock has circumferential teeth. The circumferential teeth are preferably formed by a toothed carrier that is rotationally fixed to the drive section. The output section can have a bearing section / bearing body that supports two locking elements. The bearing body is rotationally fixed to the output section. The locking elements can be acted upon by a spring element in one direction away from each other, so that locking sections of the locking elements, which can be formed by one or more teeth, can engage in the teeth, which are in particular internal teeth.The switching ring has control flanks which, depending on the switching position, hold the locking section of one of the locking elements out of the toothing. The locking element preferably has the shape of a lever. It can be a single-armed lever. One end of the locking element is The locking element is pivotably mounted on the bearing body. For this purpose, the locking element forms a bearing extension with a bearing surface that extends partially onto the outer surface of a circular cylinder and is mounted in a bearing recess in the bearing body, forming a pivot bearing. The free end of the locking element forms the locking section with one or more teeth, which, depending on the switching position, can engage with the teeth or be held out of them. The spring element that presses the two locking elements against each other can be a compression spring formed in a bearing recess in the bearing body. In a preferred embodiment, the freewheel lock can assume three switching states.From a neutral position, in which the freewheel is locked in both directions of rotation and in which torque can be transmitted from the drive section to the driven section in both directions, the shift ring can be rotated both counterclockwise and clockwise to create a freewheel direction for the freewheel in the respective direction of rotation of the shift ring. The gear carrier can have restraint elements for its rotationally fixed connection to the drive section, which give the drive section a non-circular cross-section. Preferably, the restraint elements are wings that can engage in radial recesses of the handle cavity. In a further development of the invention, it is proposed that the toothing be internal. It can be formed by a circumferential wall of a cup-shaped recess in the gear carrier.The cup-shaped recess of the gear carrier can have a bottom. In the assembled position, the bottom forms a cover surface that rests against an end face of the bearing body. This contact closes the bearing recess in which the spring element is located. The cover also provides axial closure of the swivel bearing, in which the bearing extensions of the locking elements are located. The spring element can also be a torsion element, as described below.

[0013] The invention further aims to provide a freewheel locking mechanism in which the spring elements that actuate the locking elements into the locked position occupy as little installation space as possible in the plane of the locking elements. In particular, the invention further aims to provide a screwdriver with replaceable blades, and especially blades with an insulating coating, with a freewheel locking mechanism that can be switched by means of a switching ring.

[0014] This problem is solved primarily and essentially by using a torsion spring as the spring element. It is considered advantageous if the locking element is pivotably attached to a bearing body in the manner of a pawl about an axis, with the torsion spring extending along this axis. The locking elements can pivot about the axis in a plane of extension, for example, when a toothed locking section of a locking element is displaced from a toothed section or when a locking element is moved into a release position. The torsion spring can extend transversely to this plane of extension. The torsion spring has at least one restraint section by which it is rotationally fixed to the bearing body. The torsion spring has a further restraint section by which it is rotationally fixed to the locking element.The torsion spring is arranged in such a way that it presses the locking section of its associated locking element into the teeth of a gear carrier. When the locking element is moved into a release position by rotating a switching ring, the torsion spring is further tensioned. With such an arrangement, it is possible to increase the diameter of the central opening of the bearing body so that an interchangeable blade can be inserted into this opening, which in particular has a polygonal internal profile, as described in the aforementioned prior art. DE 102005012729 B4 is therefore fully included in the disclosure content of this patent application.

[0015] Preferably, two locking elements are provided, which can be selectively moved into a release position. However, the locking elements can also simultaneously assume a locked position in which a locking section of the locking element engages in the toothing such that the blade is rigidly coupled to the handle. If, on the other hand, only one of the two locking elements engages in the toothing, the blade can rotate freely in either one direction or the other; in the opposite direction, the blade is fixedly coupled to the handle. The freewheeling mechanism is designed such that, with the handle held, the blade can be rotated indefinitely by turning the switching ring in one direction. If the handle is turned in the same direction, the freewheeling mechanism locks, and the blade is rotated by the handle. The locking element can have a cylindrical extension.This component is mounted in a bearing extension of the bearing body such that the outer surface of the bearing extension rests against the inner surface of a swivel bearing. The swivel bearing can encompass the cylindrical bearing extension by more than 180 degrees but less than 360 degrees, allowing the bearing body to rotate about an axis within a limited swivel angle. It is considered advantageous if the spring element, in particular the torsion spring, extends along the axis. It is considered particularly advantageous if two bearing elements, for example, two bearing elements in an axial arrangement, are provided. Each of the two bearing bodies can then form a swivel bearing for each of the two locking elements, whereby the swivel bearing can extend only over an axial portion of the bearing extension, so that the bearing extension is located within two swivel bearings, each formed by one of the two bearing bodies.The two swivel bearings, or a single swivel bearing, can form mutually pointing bottom surfaces. End faces of the bearing can be attached to these bottom surfaces. The bearing extension rests against the bearing surface. The bottom surfaces can have openings, and in particular slot-shaped openings. Each end of a torsion spring is inserted into these openings. The torsion spring is fixed against rotation in these openings. For this purpose, the openings can have a non-circular cross-sectional profile. An end section of the torsion spring can then be inserted precisely into the openings. Preferably, the torsion spring is formed from a strip-shaped steel body. However, the torsion spring can also be formed from a polygonal body. The torsion spring can have a central section with which it is fixed against rotation to the locking element. For this purpose, the locking element forms an opening adapted to the cross-sectional profile of the torsion spring. This opening can also be slot-shaped. It can also be provided that the end faces of a bearing extension each have clearances.The sections of the torsion spring that twist when the locking element is rotated extend through these clearances. The locking elements are pre-tensioned by the torsion spring, particularly in the direction of their engagement with the teeth of the gear carrier. By rotating the switching ring, the locking elements can be selectively pivoted from a locked position to a released position by further tensioning the torsion spring. The switching ring has suitable means, particularly those described above, by which the locking elements are held in the released position. Brief description of the drawings

[0016] Exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings. These show: Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of a screw tool designed as a screwdriver. Fig. 2 shows a view of the screw tool, Fig. 3 shows the section along line III-III in a perspective view, Fig. 3a enlarges a section of the section shown in Figure 3, Fig. 4 shows the section along line IV-IV in Figure 2 in a middle neutral position of a freewheel lock 3, Fig. 5 shows the section along line VV in Figure 2 in the middle neutral position, Fig. 6 shows a representation according to Figure 4, except that a switching ring 4 in a switching direction S1 has been rotated in a clockwise direction relative to a bearing body 10, Fig. 7 shows a representation according to Figure 5 in the switching position according to Figure 6, wherein together with the switching ring 4 the output section 2 can be rotated in a freewheel direction Fl in a clockwise direction relative to the input section 1, Fig. 8 shows a representation according to Figure 4, but the switching ring 4 has been rotated in a switching direction S2 in a counterclockwise direction relative to the bearing body 10, Fig. 9 shows a representation according to Figure 5 in the switching position according to Figure 6, wherein, however, the output section 2 together with the switching ring 4 can be rotated in a freewheel direction F2 in a counterclockwise direction relative to the input section 1, Fig. 10 shows the switching ring 4 in a top view, Fig. 11 shows the bearing body 10 in a top view, Fig. 12 shows a first exploded view of the essential elements of the Exemplary embodiment, Fig. 13 a second exploded view of the essential elements of the exemplary embodiment, Fig. 14 shows an assembly formed from the output section 2, the bearing body 10, the gear carrier 6 and the switching ring 4; Fig. 15 shows the assembly according to Figure 14 in a side view and Fig. 16 shows the assembly in a front view, Fig. 17 shows a second embodiment of the invention in a perspective view, Fig. 18 shows the second embodiment in a view, Fig. 19 shows the section along line XIX-XIX in Figure 18, Fig. 20 enlarges the section along line XX-XX in Figure 19, Fig. 21 shows section XXI in Figure 20, Fig. 22 is a representation according to Figure 4, Fig. 23 is a representation according to Figure 5, Fig. 24 is a representation according to Figure 6, Fig. 25 is a representation according to Figure 7, Fig. 26 is an exploded view of the second embodiment, Fig. 27 two bearing bodies 10, 10' of the second embodiment in the assembled state, Fig. 28 is a top view of the bearing body 10' shown in Figure 27, Fig. 29 is the section along line XXIX-XXIX in Figure 28 and Fig. 30 is an exploded view of the device shown in Figure 27. Bearing body 10, 10'. Description of the embodiments

[0017] The embodiments shown in the figures are screwdrivers with a handle 1, made, for example, of wood or plastic, which has an elongated shape and forms a drive section. An axial cavity 34 extends in a front end face of the handle 1, with radially extending recesses 33. A ridge adjoins the end face. An annular groove 27 extends from the ridge towards a rearward crest of the handle 1.

[0018] In one embodiment not shown, the handle 1 has a different material. For example, it can be made of metal. In other embodiments not shown, the handle does not extend in one direction of rotation, but can project transversely to the direction of rotation or even be moved by means of a joint from a position lying in the direction of rotation to a position projecting transversely to the direction of rotation.

[0019] A first embodiment of the invention is shown in Figures 1 to 16 and is described below:

[0020] The handle 1 is connected to a shaft 2, which forms a driven section, by means of a freewheel mechanism 3. The shaft 2 has a polygonal insertion opening 26 at its end opposite the tip of the handle 1 for inserting a screwdriver bit. In an embodiment not shown, the free end of the shaft 2 has a screwdriver profile, for example, a Torx profile, Phillips head profile, slotted profile, or the like. The driven profile can also be an internal or external polygon. The shaft 2 forms a core 5, which, in the assembled state, is inserted into the cavity 34. The core 5 forms a polygonal section 21, which, in the assembled state, is inserted into a polygonal cavity 23 of a bearing body 10. The bearing body 10, in turn, is inserted, in the assembled state, into a cup-shaped recess of a toothed carrier 6, which is itself inserted into the cavity 34 by a rear extension.From the rear extension of the gear carrier 6, restraint elements 32, designed in a wing-like manner, project in a radial direction and can engage in the recesses 33.

[0021] The gear carrier 6 forms an internal toothing 7 with the inner wall of the cup-shaped depression. The bottom 9 of the depression has a- A bore 8 extends into which the core 5. A base-like projection of the bearing body 10 also engages in the recess. Furthermore, a switching ring 4 is mounted on an outer wall of the gear carrier 6. The free end of the core 5 has a circumferential groove 25 into which a clamping ring 24 engages, axially clamping the assembly, consisting of shaft 2, bearing body 10, and gear carrier 6, together.

[0022] The bearing body 10 can be locked in three different rotational positions relative to the switching ring 4. For this purpose, in the switching position shown in Figures 4 and 5, a detent ball 15 engages in a detent recess 20 and holds the bearing body 10 in a neutral position relative to the switching ring 4.

[0023] In the switching position shown in Figures 6 and 7, the detent ball 15 engages in a detent recess 20'. This switching position is reached from the switching position shown in Figures 4 and 5 by rotating the switching ring 4 in the direction of arrow S1 in Figure 6. In this switching position, the shaft 2 can be rotated freely in a direction of rotation designated Fl in Figure 7. The directions of rotation S1 and Fl are identical and correspond to a clockwise direction of rotation.

[0024] In the switching position shown in Figures 8 and 9, the detent ball 15 engages in a detent recess 20". This switching position is reached from the switching position shown in Figures 4 and 5 by rotating the switching ring 4 in the direction of arrow S2 in Figure 8. In this switching position, the shaft 2 can be rotated freely in one of the directions of rotation designated F2 in Figure 9. The directions of rotation S2 and F2 are identical and correspond to a counterclockwise rotation.

[0025] The detent ball 15 is acted upon in a radial outward direction by a spring element 16, wherein the spring element 16 is a compression spring that is supported on a polygonal surface 21' of the polygonal section 21. The spring element 16 can also be supported on a differently shaped base of a recess.

[0026] The following describes the freewheel mechanism 3 shown in the drawings, which is a preferred freewheel lock 3. However, the drive section 1 can also interact with the output section using a differently designed freewheel mechanism.

[0027] The freewheel lock 3 has two locking devices arranged in a mirror-symmetrical manner, each comprising a locking element 11, 11'. The two locking elements 11, 11' are designed as levers and are pivotably associated with the bearing body 10 about a pivot axis formed by a bearing extension 18. The bearing body 10 forms a recess 12 in which the locking elements 11, 11' pivotably rest, with the bearing extensions 18 each resting in pivot bearings 17 of the bearing body 10.

[0028] The bearing body 10 forms an end face 31 which, in the assembled state, rests against the base 9 of the gear carrier 6. The base 9 closes a bearing recess 14 in which the spring element 13 extends.

[0029] The edge of the cavity of the switching ring 4, in which the bearing body 10 and the gear carrier 6 are located, also has rotation stops 36 which interact with stops 37 of the rear projection of the bearing body 10. The stops 37 are formed by edges of a recess 37' which is arranged axially offset from the recess 12.

[0030] The locking elements 11, 11' form a locking section 19 at their free ends with several teeth. In a locked position, the locking element 11, 11' engages the teeth 7 in such a way that the gear carrier 7 can only rotate in one direction relative to the bearing body 10. In this direction of rotation, the teeth of the locking section 19 slide over the teeth of the gear 7.

[0031] The edge of the cavity of the switching ring 4 forms control flanks 38 which, on the way to reaching the operating position of Figures 6 and 7 or 8 and 9, slide along a control shoulder 39 of one of the two locking bodies 11, 11' in order to move the locking section 19 of the respective locking body 11, 11' out of its tooth engagement position into the toothing 7 (see Figures 7 or 9).

[0032] Figure 3a shows that the bearing body 10 forms an annular shoulder 29, behind which is an annular step 28 of the switching ring 4, so that the switching ring 4 is axially restrained. A step 30 in the transition area of ​​the polygonal section 21 to the section of the core 5 having a round cross-section is engaged by an annular step of the bearing body 10, so that the bearing body 10 is axially restrained to the output section 2 or the core 5. The free end of the core forms a circumferential groove 25 in which a clamping ring 24 engages to axially restrain the gear carrier 6 to the output section 2.

[0033] In the exemplary embodiment, the toothing 7 is an internal toothing. In an exemplary embodiment not shown, the toothing 7, with which the locking elements 11, 11' interact, is an external toothing, so that the locking elements 11, 11' are not arranged radially inside the toothing 7 as shown in the figures, but radially outside the toothing. In this embodiment as well, it can be provided that the toothing or the toothing carrier is connected to the handle in a rotationally fixed manner.

[0034] The screwdriver works as follows: In an operating position shown in Figures 4 and 5, in which the switching ring 4 assumes a central neutral position, the locking sections 19 of both locking bodies 11, 11' engage in the toothing 7, so that the output section 2 is rotationally fixed to the input section in both directions of rotation.

[0035] Starting from the operating position shown in Figures 4 and 5, if the switching ring 4 is rotated in a clockwise direction S1, the operating position shown in Figures 6 and 7 is reached. In this position, the output section 2, together with the switching ring 4, can rotate indefinitely in a freewheeling direction Fl, which is the clockwise direction. In this position, a screw can be turned in a first direction of rotation simply by rotating the switching ring 4 while holding the handle 1. To continue turning the screw with a higher torque in this first direction, the drive torque must be applied to the handle 1 instead of the switching ring. In other words, the handle must be gripped by hand and rotated in the freewheeling direction, which, relative to the handle, is then the locking direction of the freewheel lock 3 in this switching position. Therefore, switching the switching ring 4 is not necessary.

[0036] If, starting from the operating position shown in Figures 4 and 5, the shift ring 4 is rotated in a counterclockwise direction S2, the operating position shown in Figures 8 and 9 is reached, in which the output section together with the shift ring 4 is in a different freewheel direction- The lever F2, which is a counterclockwise direction, can be turned without resistance. In this position, a screw can only be turned in the second direction by rotating the shift ring 4 while holding the handle. To continue turning the screw with a higher torque in this second direction, the operating zone of the handle simply needs to be changed. Instead of rotating the shift ring 4, the handle 1 must be turned counterclockwise. Switching the freewheel lock is not necessary.

[0037] A second embodiment of the invention is shown in Figures 17 to 30 and is described below:

[0038] The handle 1 has an end section with a domed tip and a section forming an annular groove 27. A roll-off guard is attached to the section forming the annular groove 27. The roll-off guard is designed as a switching ring 4. The switching ring can also have the annular groove 27.

[0039] The handle 1 has a cavity in which a toothed carrier 6 is inserted. The toothed carrier 6 is rotationally fixed to the end section of the handle 1. The toothed carrier 6 has a cup-shaped opening with internal teeth 7. Restraint elements 32 project from the outer surface of the toothed carrier 6, with which the toothed carrier 6 is rotationally fixed to the handle 1. The handle 1 or the toothed carrier 6 forms a drive section 1.

[0040] The gear carrier 6 has an opening 8 which has a larger diameter than that of the gear carrier 6 shown in Figures 1 to 16, so that a bearing body 10' can be received in the opening 8, which has a relatively large outer diameter and which can be re- around an opening 26 into which a blade 4 can be inserted, which can be exchanged for another blade 4.

[0041] A further bearing body 10 is provided, which is adjacent to bearing body 10' in an axial direction with respect to the direction of rotation of the screw tool. This bearing body 10 also has an opening into which the blade 4 can be inserted. The two bearing bodies 10, 10' form opposing functional sides, each of which forms pivot bearings 17. The pivot bearings 17 form bearing shells in which cylindrical bearing extensions 18 of locking elements 11, 11' are located. The bearing extensions 18 are rotatably located in the pivot bearings 17 but cannot be removed from the pivot bearings 17 in the radial direction. The locking elements 11, 11' thus form pawls that pivot about a pivot axis and form a locking section 19 with teeth that can engage with the teeth 7.

[0042] In an assembled state, as shown in Figure 27, the two end faces of the bearing bodies 10, 10' touch. In this state, the bearing extensions 18 are also axially restrained in the pivot bearings 17, 17'.

[0043] The pivot bearings 17, 17' form bottom surfaces against which end faces of the bearing extensions 18 can abut. Openings 43 are located in the bottom surfaces. In the exemplary embodiment, the openings 43 have a rectangular cross-section and are specifically designed as slots. In each of the two opposing openings 43, one end 40 of a spring element 13, designed as a steel strip, is inserted, forming a torsion spring. The torsion spring 13 is thus rotationally fixed at both ends 40 in each of the two bearing bodies 10, 10'. In the assembled assembly, The assembly formed from the two bearing bodies 10, 10' and shown in figure 27 forms two windows 42 through which the locking sections 19 of the two locking bodies 11, 11' protrude in order to engage in the toothing 7.

[0044] Figure 21 shows that the bearing extension 18 has two recesses pointing away from each other. The two recesses are formed by clearances 45 that adjoin the two end faces of the bearing extension 18. A central section 41 of the torsion spring 12 engages positively through an opening 44 of the bearing extension 18. The openings 43, 44 are oriented angularly relative to each other such that the torsion spring 12 is relaxed or slightly pre-tensioned when the locking elements 11, 11' protrude from the window 42. The locking teeth of the locking elements 11, 11' are thus subjected to the force of the pre-tensioned torsion spring 12 in the toothing 7.

[0045] As a result of this design, the insertion opening 26, which in the exemplary embodiment has a polygonal profile, can have a maximum diameter or a maximum cross-sectional area, so that a blade 5, which has a steel core 46 surrounded by insulation 48 (see Figures 23 and 25), can also be inserted into this insertion opening 26. The pivot bearings 17 have only a small radial distance to a polygonal surface of the polygonal insertion opening 26. The pivot bearings 17 are located essentially diametrically opposite each other.

[0046] The switching ring 4 has three detent recesses 20, 20', 20". By rotating the switching ring 4, control flanks 38 of the switching ring 4 shift such that in a central neutral position, in which a detent ball 15 in the locking recess 20, both locking bodies 11, 11' assume their locking position, so that the blade 5 is connected to the handle 1.

[0047] If the switching ring is rotated from this central position in a direction corresponding to the freewheeling direction of the freewheel lock, either in one direction or the other, the detent ball 15 engages in either the detent recess 20' or 20". This results in the control flank 38 acting upon a control shoulder 39 of the locking element 11, 11', so that the locking element 11 is moved into a release position against the restoring force of the torsion spring 13, allowing the blade 5 to be freely rotated by turning the switching ring 4 in one direction.

[0048] The bearing body 10 forms locking hooks 50, which can engage a locking step 51 of the blade 5. By means of an actuating element 49, which is to be moved axially towards the handle 1, the locking hooks 50 can be released from the engaged position so that the blade 5 can be pulled out of the opening 26. A rear end of the blade 5 can rest against a stop element 53 of the bearing body 10'.

[0049] The entire steel core 46, except for the output profile 54, is surrounded by an insulating plastic sheath 47, 48.

[0050] In the illustrated embodiment, the gear carrier 7 is non-rotatably connected to the handle 1. The locking elements 11, 11' are non-rotatably connected to the bearing body 10, 10' and the blade 5, respectively.

[0051] In an embodiment not shown, the gear carrier 7 can be non-rotatably connected to the blade 5 and the locking elements 11, 11' can be non-rotatably connected to the handle 1.

[0052] The screwdriver according to the invention has a drive section 1, which can, for example, be a handle. The screwdriver also has an output section 2, which can be a blade or a chuck for receiving a blade. A freewheel lock is functionally arranged between the drive section 1 and the output section 2. The freewheel lock has a switching ring 4, which can be rotated relative to the output section 2 to adjust the freewheel direction Fl, F2. The switching ring 4 is rotationally fixed to the output section 2 such that the output section 2 can be rotated arbitrarily relative to the drive section 1 by rotating the switching ring 4. A bearing body 10, 10' supporting the switching ring 4 and the locking elements 11, 11' is rotationally fixed to the output section 2. A toothed section 7, into which the locking elements 11, 11' can engage, is located on the drive section 1.

[0053] The foregoing statements serve to explain the inventions covered by the application as a whole, which each independently further develop the prior art at least through the following combinations of features, whereby two, several or all of these combinations of features may also be combined, namely:

[0054] A screw tool characterized in that the bearing body 10, 10' is assigned to the output body 2 and the switching ring 4 is rotatable without limitation relative to the output section 1 in the respective free-running direction Fl, F2.

[0055] A screw-driving tool characterized in that the switching ring 4, in its switching positions corresponding to a freewheel position of the freewheel lock 3, is locked or engaged relative to one, one or more locking elements 11, 11' by means of detent elements 20', 20" relative to a bearing body 10 carrying one or more locking elements 11, 11'. The drive section 1 is locked at stops 36, 37 and is rotatable without limitation in the respective freewheel direction Fl, F2 relative to the drive section 1.

[0056] A screwdriving tool characterized in that the drive section 1 is a handle with a surrounding grip zone and the switching ring 4 is arranged in an area of ​​the handle directly adjacent to the output section 2 formed by a shaft.

[0057] A screw tool characterized in that the handle 1 forms an annular groove 27 adjacent to the switching ring 4 and the switching ring 4 has a non-circular circumferential surface acting as a roll-protection measure.

[0058] A screw-driving tool characterized in that the freewheel lock 3 has a circumferential toothing 7 which is rotationally fixed to the drive section 1, and two locking elements 11, 11' which are rotationally fixed to the output section 2, wherein, depending on a freewheel direction Fl, F2 set with the switching ring 4, either one or the other locking element 11, 11' engages with a locking section 19 in the circumferential toothing 7.

[0059] A screw-driving tool characterized in that the locking elements 11, 11' are each formed by a lever which is pivotably mounted in a pivot bearing 17 of the bearing body 10 with a bearing extension 18 and has at its free end a locking section 19 having one or more teeth, which teeth engage in the toothing 7 or do not engage depending on the position of the freewheel lock 3, wherein a spring element 13 mounted in a bearing recess 14 of the bearing body 10 acts on the two locking elements 11, 11' away from each other.

[0060] A screw tool characterized in that the switching ring 4, which engages with the bearing body 10 in different freewheel positions of the freewheel lock 3 by means of detent elements 20, 20', 20", has control flanks 38, 38' which cooperate with a control shoulder 39 of one of the locking bodies 11, 11' to keep the locking section 19 of the locking body 11, 11' out of the toothing 7.

[0061] A screw tool characterized in that a tooth carrier 6 carrying the toothing 7 is fixedly inserted in an axial cavity 34 of the drive section 1, wherein radially projecting restraint elements 32 of the tooth carrier 6 engage in radial recesses 33 of the drive section 1.

[0062] A screw tool characterized in that the toothing 7 is an internal toothing formed by a circumferential wall of a cup-shaped recess of the tooth carrier 6, the bottom 9 of which rests against an end face 31 of the bearing body 10 and secures the spring element 13 against emerging from the bearing recess 14 and the bearing extensions 18 against emerging from the pivot bearings 17.

[0063] A freewheel lock characterized by the fact that the spring element 13 is a torsion spring.

[0064] A freewheel lock characterized in that the locking body 11 is designed as a pawl pivotable about an axis and the torsion spring 13 is arranged in the axis.

[0065] A freewheel lock characterized in that the locking body 11, 11' has a roller-shaped bearing extension 18 and is located between two bearing elements 10, 10' are supported, wherein one of the cylindrical bearing extensions 18 is encompassed by a swivel bearing 17 by more than 180 degrees but less than 360 degrees, which pivots the bearing body 10, 10' about an axis, wherein two mutually projecting bases of the swivel bearings 17, between which the bearing extension 18 extends, form openings 43 in which one end 40 of the spring element 13 is inserted in each opening in a rotationally fixed manner, wherein a central region 41 arranged between the two ends 40 of the spring element 13 is connected to the spring element 13 in such a rotationally fixed manner that a locking section 19 of the locking body 11, 11' is acted upon in the toothing 7.

[0066] A freewheel lock characterized in that the end faces of the bearing extensions 18 have clearances 45 through which a section of the spring element 13 extends between the end 40 and the middle area 41.

[0067] A freewheel lock characterized in that the torsion spring 13 is a flat, straight-running steel body which has a non-circular cross-section at least in the area of ​​its two ends 40 and its middle area 41 or that the torsion spring 13 is designed as a flat steel strip.

[0068] A screw tool characterized by a freewheel lock arranged in the handle 1 according to one of claims 10 to 14, wherein the bearing body 10, 10' has a polygonal insertion opening through which a section of the blade 5 extends.

[0069] A screw tool characterized in that the blade 5 forms a steel core 46 forming the working profile 54, which has a sheathing 47, 48 made of an insulating material.

[0070] All disclosed features are essential to the invention (individually, but also in combination with one another). The disclosure of this application hereby incorporates in full the disclosure content of the associated / attached priority documents (copy of the earlier application), also for the purpose of including features of these documents in the claims of the present application. The dependent claims, even without the features of a referenced claim, characterize independent inventive developments of the prior art, in particular for the purpose of filing divisional applications based on these claims. The invention specified in each claim may additionally include one or more of the features described above, in particular those identified by reference numerals and / or listed in the reference numeral list.The invention also relates to design forms in which individual features mentioned in the preceding description are not realized, in particular insofar as they are recognizably unnecessary for the respective purpose or can be replaced by other technically equivalent means. List of reference symbols 1 drive section, handle 23 multi-sided opening 2 Output section, shaft 24 Clamping ring 3 freewheel lock 25 circumferential groove 4 Switch ring 26 Multi-sided insertion opening 5 core 27 ring throat 6 gear carriers 28 ring stage 7 Interlocking 29 Shoulder 8 bore 30 stage 9 Bottom 31 Front surface 10 bearing bodies, 32 restraint elements 10' Bearing body 33 recess 11 barrier bodies 34 cavity 11' Locking body 35 Front surface 12 niche 36 rotary stop 13 Spring element 37 Stop 14 Storage recess 37' niche 15 Detent ball 38 Control flank 16 spring element 38' steering flank 17 Swivel bearings 39 Control shoulder 17' Swivel bearing 40 end 18 Bearing extension 41 Middle area 19 restricted section 42 windows 20 Recess 43 Opening 20' Raster recess 44 opening 20" recess 45 mm clearance 21 Polygonal section 46 Steel core 21' Polygonal surface 47 insulating casing 22 bore 48 insulating sheathing 9 Actuating element 0 Detent hook 1 Detent step 2 Beveled flank 3 Stop element 4 Working profile Fl Freewheel direction F2 Freewheel direction 51 Switching direction 52 Switching direction

Claims

Claims 1. Screwdriver with a drive section (1), an output section (2) and an axially or functionally arranged freewheel lock (3) with a bearing section (10, 10') carrying a switching ring (4), relative to which the switching ring (4) is adjustable in an azimuthal switching direction (SI, S2) between switching positions, wherein the output section (2) is rotatable in a freewheel direction (Fl, F2) relative to the drive section (1), characterized in that the bearing section (10, 10') is assigned to the output section (2) such that the switching ring (4) is rotatable without limitation relative to the drive section (1) in the respective freewheel direction (Fl, F2).

2. Screw tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the switching ring (4) is locked in the switching positions relative to the bearing section (10, 10') by means of detent elements (20', 20") or is rotationally locked by means of stops (36, 37).

3. Screwing tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that locking elements (11, 11') carried by the bearing body (10, 10') enter a toothing (7) associated with the drive section (1).

4. Screwdriver according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the drive section (1) is a handle with a surrounding grip zone and the switching ring (4) is arranged in an area of ​​the handle directly adjacent to the output section (2) formed by a shaft.

5. Screwdriver according to claim 4, characterized in that the handle (1) forms an annular groove (27) adjacent to the switching ring (4) and the switching ring (4) has a non-circular circumferential surface acting as a roll-away protection.

6. Screwing tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the freewheel lock (3) has a circumferential toothing (7) which is rotationally fixed to the drive section (1), and two locking elements (11, 11') which are rotationally fixed to the output section (2), wherein, depending on a freewheel direction (Fl, F2) set with the switching ring (4), either one or the other locking element (11, 11') engages with a locking section (19) in the circumferential toothing (7).

7. Screw tool according to claim 6, characterized in that the locking elements (11, 11') are each formed by a lever which is pivotably mounted with a bearing extension (18) in a pivot bearing (17) of the bearing section (10) and has at its free end a locking section (19) having one or more teeth, which teeth engage in the toothing (7) or do not engage depending on the position of the freewheel lock (3), wherein a spring element (13) mounted in a bearing recess (14) of the bearing section (10) acts on the two locking elements (11, 11') away from each other.

8. Screwing tool according to one of claims 6 or 7, characterized in that the switching ring (4) which engages with the bearing section (10) in different freewheel positions of the freewheel lock (3) by means of detent elements (20, 20', 20") has control flanks (38, 38') which are connected to a control shoulder (39) of one of the locking elements (11, 11') to cooperate in order to keep the locking section (19) of the locking body (11, 11') out of the toothing (7). Screwing tool according to one of claims 3 to 8, characterized in that a toothing carrier (6) carrying the toothing (7) is rotatably inserted in an axial cavity (34) of the drive section (1), wherein radially projecting restraint elements (32) of the toothing carrier (6) engage in radial recesses (33) of the drive section (1). Screwing tool according to one of claims 3 to 9, characterized in that the toothing (7) is an internal toothing formed by a circumferential wall of a cup-shaped recess of the toothing carrier (6), the bottom (9) of which rests against an end face (31) of the bearing section (10) and secures the spring element (13) against emerging from the bearing recess (14) and the bearing extensions (18) against emerging from the pivot bearings (17).A freewheel lock for transmitting a rotary motion from a drive section (1) to an output section (2), in which at least one locking element (11) is acted upon by a spring element (13) and engages in a toothed section (7), characterized in that the spring element (13) is a torsion spring. A freewheel lock according to claim 11, characterized in that the locking element (11) is designed as a pawl pivotable about an axis and the torsion spring (13) is arranged in the axis. Freewheel lock according to one of claims 11 or 12, characterized in that the locking body (11, 11') has a cylindrical bearing extension (18) and is mounted between two bearing elements (10, 10'), wherein the cylindrical surface of the cylindrical bearing extension (18) is encompassed by more than 180 degrees but less than 360 degrees by a pivot bearing (17), which pivotably mounts the bearing body (10, 10') about an axis, wherein two mutually projecting bases of the pivot bearings (17), between which the bearing extension (18) extends, form openings (43) in which one end (40) of the spring element (13) is inserted in each opening in a rotationally fixed manner, wherein a central region (41) arranged between the two ends (40) of the spring element (13) is rotationally fixed to the spring element (13) such that a locking section (19) of the The locking body (11, 11') is acted upon in the toothing (7).Freewheel lock according to one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that the end faces of the bearing extensions (18) have clearances (45) through which a section of the spring element (13) extending between the end (40) and the middle region (41) extends. Freewheel lock according to one of claims 11 to 14, characterized in that the torsion spring (13) is a flat, straight steel body which has a non-circular cross-section at least in the region of its two ends (40) and its middle region (41), or that the torsion spring (13) is designed as a flat steel strip. Screwdriver with a handle (1) and a blade (5) replaceably arranged in the handle (1), which has a working profile (54) projecting from the handle (1), characterized by a freewheel lock according to one of claims 11 to 15 arranged in the handle (1), wherein the bearing... The body (10, 10') has a polygonal insertion opening through which a section of the blade (5) extends. A screwdriving tool according to claim 16, characterized in that the blade (5) forms a steel core (46) forming the working profile (54), which has a sheath (47, 48) made of an insulating material. A screwdriving tool or freewheel lock, characterized by one or more of the characterizing features of one of the preceding claims.

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