Light-emitting glazing for a vehicle, and vehicle comprising such light-emitting glazing

Abstract

The invention relates to light-emitting laminated glazing (100) for a vehicle, comprising, between the two sheets of glass (1, 2), an intermediate layer (3) forming a light guide surrounded by layers (31, 32) which have a lower refractive index and at least one of which is adhesive and is made of a cross-linked polymer.

Description

[0001] DESCRIPTION

[0002] TITLE: VEHICLE LUMINOUS GLAZING, AND ITS MANUFACTURE, VEHICLE WITH SUCH LUMINOUS GLAZING

[0003] The present invention relates to luminous glazing for a vehicle, in particular road vehicle glazing with light-emitting diodes.

[0004] Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) have been used for several years to illuminate signaling devices (traffic lights, etc.), turn signals and position lights in motor vehicles. The advantages of LEDs are their long lifespan, luminous efficiency, robustness, low energy consumption and compactness, making the devices using them more durable and requiring less maintenance. More recently, LEDs have been used for automobile roofs, particularly panoramic laminated roofs with LED lighting. The light emitted by the diodes is introduced through the edge into the interior glazing forming a guide, the light being extracted from the glazing by a diffusing layer on the glazing.

[0005] Document W02005054915 proposes, in its second example, a luminous car glazing which comprises two sheets of glass and between the second and third internal faces a central interlayer polymer, made of poly(vinyl butyral) called PVB or copolymer of ethylene and vinyl acetate called EVA, which is between two layers of lower refractive index than the central layer which are in particular MgF2 or Teflon. Diffusion centers for light extraction are on the central interlayer.

[0006] The present invention sought to develop an alternative vehicle light glazing which is particularly robust and optically efficient.

[0007] To this end, the present invention relates to a luminous glazing for a vehicle, in particular a road vehicle (car, truck, public transport: bus, coach, etc.) or a rail vehicle (train, metro, tram), preferably curved, in particular a windshield, or even a rear window, or even a side glazing, preferably a roof, comprising laminated (curved) glazing - transparent at least in the clear part of the window - comprising:

[0008] - a first sheet (curved, domed, transparent), made of mineral or organic glass, possibly tinted and even over-tinted, in particular gray or green, with a first main face and a second main face - bare or coated with a functional coating (transparent) in particular of at most 200nm -, (in particular first face oriented towards the outside of the vehicle and even being the external face, often called face F1 and the second face being face F2) or even first sheet intended to be the internal sheet, first sheet for example with a refractive index (nv) of at least 1.5 in the visible

[0009] - a second sheet (curved, domed, transparent), made of mineral or organic glass, preferably clear or extra-clear (colorless), with a third main face bare or coated with a functional coating (transparent) of at most 200nm and a fourth main face (bare or coated with a functional coating (transparent) of at most 200nm,) second sheet in particular intended to be the inner sheet, (in particular third face facing the inside often called face F3 of the vehicle and fourth face towards the passenger compartment called face F4), or second sheet intended to be the outer sheet, for example second sheet with a refractive index (n'v) of at least 1.5 in the visible,

[0010] - a polymer lamination interlayer (transparent), in particular multi-layer adhesive (for example 2, 3, 4, 5 layers and even films), comprising an upper part (mono or multi-layer for example 1 or 2 or 3 adhesive layers in particular the same adhesive films) and a lower part (mono or multi-layer for example 1 or 2 or 3 adhesive layers and in particular adhesive films), in adhesive contact with the third face (bare or already coated),

[0011] - a first upper layer with a refractive index n1 in the visible, preferably forming part of the lamination interlayer (of the upper part)

[0012] - a first lower layer with a refractive index n'1 in the visible, preferably forming part of the lamination interlayer (of the lower part)

[0013] - between the first lower and upper layers, and in contact with, an intermediate layer with a refractive index nO in the visible, with n0-n1 which is at least 0.04 in the visible or even at least 0.1 or at least 0.15 or 0.2 or 0.25, and n0-n'1 which is at least 0.04 in the visible or even at least 0.1 or at least 0.15 or 0.2 or 0.25, the first upper layer being between the second face and the intermediate layer the first lower layer being between the intermediate layer and the third face at least one (preferably both) of the first lower or upper layers is adhesive is made of crosslinked polymer material, forming part of the lamination interlayer

[0014] - a light source (in the visible) in optical coupling with the intermediate layer forming a light guide (preferably a single-layer light guide and even a film), in particular a clear or even extra-clear intermediate layer

[0015] - means of light extraction, light guided in the intermediate layer.

[0016] According to the invention, the intermediate layer has a thickness E0 of at most 2 mm (and even at most 1 mm) and at least 200 pm or even 400 pm. The intermediate layer is (preferably) a thermoplastic film (not adhesive to glass, for example polyester, polycarbonate) or glass (in particular ultrathin glass or UTG or ultrathin glass in English) or is even a thermoplastic adhesive film, forming part of the lamination interlayer (intermediate part).

[0017] The invention lies in the choice of at least one first adhesive layer made of crosslinked polymer material to promote guidance. It is no longer necessary for the guide to be the thermoplastic interlayer as in the prior art. Preferably, it is a glass film or a non-adhesive thermoplastic film, of which nO can be chosen as a function of n1 and n'1 or vice versa.

[0018] The first upper layer can optically effectively isolate the intermediate layer from the first sheet, in particular (over)tinted - and / or from a possibly tinted part of the lamination interlayer and / or from any element (tinted or absorbent or which would be disturbed by light or would disturb the guidance of light).

[0019] The first lower layer can effectively optically isolate the intermediate layer from the second sheet and / or any element that would be disturbed by light or would disrupt the guidance of light.

[0020] To promote guidance:

[0021] -preferably the first upper layer (in particular adhesive, and even crosslinked polymer) has a thickness of at least 500nm, better still at least 800nm; advantageously the first upper layer is even at least 1 pm (in particular if the coating is in particular crosslinked polymer) or 30 pm (in particular if the film is in particular crosslinked polymer), and is preferably submillimetric.

[0022] -and / or preferably the first lower layer (in particular adhesive, and even crosslinked polymer) has a thickness of at least 500nm, better still at least 800nm; advantageously the first lower layer is even at least 1 pm (in particular if the coating is in particular crosslinked polymer) or 30 pm (in particular if the film is in particular crosslinked polymer) and is preferably submillimetric.

[0023] The thickness of the first upper and / or lower layer can be adapted (increased) for mechanical contribution.

[0024] The first top and / or bottom layer is an optical adhesive (OCA for optically clear adhesive in English, LOCA if by liquid then forming a coating) of index n1 or n'1 ad hoc. The advantage of optical adhesive is its transparency, its low haze and to be able to choose its thickness and its refractive index n1 or n'1 as low as possible.

[0025] In particular for the first upper layer, n1 is lower than the refractive index of the adjacent layer (transparent, tinted or clear, colorless) in contact with it opposite the intermediate layer, adjacent layer chosen from: crosslinked polymer adhesive (upper) layer (thermoplastic adhesive film (PVB etc.), thermoplastic film, or the first sheet of glass, preferably mineral (often with a refractive index of approximately 1.51 to 1.53) or organic (polycarbonate PC or poly(methyl methacrylate) PMMA).

[0026] Preferably at least one of the first and second sheets of glass intended to be the exterior glazing is made of mineral glass, in particular the first sheet (in particular tinted) for a roof or the second sheet (in particular clear) for a rear window, the first or second sheet for a windshield, side glazing (front or rear, including quarter panel).

[0027] The thickness of the layer(s) between the second face and the third face is preferably at most 1.1 mm or 0.9 mm and in particular the thickness of the lamination interlayer (of one or more thermoplastic and / or crosslinked polymer adhesive layers) being at most 1.1 mm or 0.9 mm, preferably the glass and / or any other layer is colorless on the side of the extracted light observer (inside the passenger compartment, or outside the vehicle). The thickness between the first face and the fourth face is preferably at most 9 mm or 7 mm, in particular for a road vehicle.

[0028] The intermediate layer does not significantly absorb light from the source. In particular, the intermediate layer is preferably clear, extra-clear.

[0029] Preferably, the second glass sheet and / or any lower layer that is between the light extraction means and the extracted light observer is clear, colorless (inside in the passenger compartment, or outside outside the vehicle) rather than tinted (and even over-tinted). It is preferable to avoid any layer that significantly absorbs the extracted light (mono or polychromatic).

[0030] Conversely, the first sheet and / or one or more upper layers may be tinted (particularly overtinted).

[0031] For simplicity, the first upper and lower layers are of the same material (and even the same color) and / or the same thickness. One and / or the other of the upper and lower layers can be aligned or protrude beyond the edges of the intermediate layer (over all or part of the perimeter).

[0032] In the present invention, the expression crosslinked polymer relates to the family of thermosetting polymers (in other words thermosets) in the broad sense (any type of crosslinking).

[0033] In particular for the first lower layer, n'1 is lower than the refractive index of a lower layer (transparent, preferably clear, colorless to (over)tinted) in contact with it opposite the intermediate layer chosen from: crosslinked polymer (lower) adhesive layer, thermoplastic adhesive film (PVB or EVA or thermoplastic polyurethane (called TPU) especially if second sheet in organic glass such as PC or PMMA), thermoplastic film or the second sheet of mineral glass (with a refractive index of approximately 1.51 to 1.53) or organic glass (PC or PMMA).

[0034] Typically, PVB has a refractive index of 1.48, PC has a refractive index of about 1.56 to 1.59, or PMMA has a refractive index of about 1.47 to 1.49.

[0035] The light source (peripheral, preferably offset from the window clear) can be removable, added, sold separately or as a kit. Naturally, the intermediate layer is an operational light guide once the light source is mounted.

[0036] The intermediate layer has a sufficient EO thickness to promote light injection and guidance and is limited to avoid excess thickness complicating assembly. A self-supporting film is preferred to a liquid coating on a support.

[0037] The intermediate layer is preferably single-layer, and even a film for simplicity.

[0038] The intermediate layer is, if necessary, multi-layered, comprising guide layers all with refractive index(es) greater than n1 and n'1. The upper guide layer in contact with the first upper layer has a refractive index nOa with n0a-n1 which is at least 0.04 in the visible, and n0a-n'1 which is at least 0.04 in the visible. The lower guide layer in contact with the first lower layer has a refractive index nOb with n0b-n1 which is at least 0.04 in the visible, and n0b-n'1 which is at least 0.04 in the visible.

[0039] It is preferred that the difference between the refractive indices between the guide layers forming the multilayer intermediate layer is less than 0.1 and even 0.04. For example, a middle guide layer between the upper and lower guide layers has a refractive index nOc greater than nOa and / or nOb. For example, the middle layer is a thermoplastic film (PET etc.) or glass (PSA etc.) and the upper and lower guide layers a coating on said film.

[0040] The thickness E0 corresponds to the total multi-layer thickness. The film can be thicker than a coating. It is also possible to have an adhesive film (one of the lower or upper layers) with two adhesive guide coatings (middle and the other of the upper or lower guide layers).

[0041] One or more alternative guide layers, in particular thermoplastic adhesive, can be inserted into the intermediate layer forming a multilayer guide, all with refractive index(es) greater than n1 and n'1.

[0042] The thickness of the alternative guide layer(s) is less than E0, especially even EO / 2. It is preferred that the difference between the refractive indices between the guide layers forming the multi-layer intermediate layer is less than 0.1 and even 0.04 or even zero.

[0043] Preferably the refractive index of any layer according to the invention is defined for a reference value in a range going from 550 and 600nm.

[0044] Preferably any crosslinked polymer adhesive film according to the invention is at least 30 pm and preferably submillimetric.

[0045] Preferably any thermoplastic adhesive layer according to the invention is a film.

[0046] Preferably, any thermoplastic adhesive film according to the invention has a thickness of at most 1 mm and even at most 0.5 mm.

[0047] Preferably, any ultra-thin glass (UTG) film according to the invention has a thickness of at most 0.6 mm and in particular at least 0.1 μm.

[0048] Preferably, any non-adhesive thermoplastic film according to the invention has a thickness of at most 1 mm and even at most 0.5 mm or at most 0.3 mm.

[0049] Preferably, any film according to the invention is flexible and therefore curved following the curvature of the glazing.

[0050] Preferably, a so-called non-adhesive layer according to the invention is non-adhesive to mineral glass, therefore not forming part of the foliage interlayer (binding the first and second glass sheets, at least one being mineral), has a peel strength of less than 1 N / cm and even 2 N / cm and even zero. An upper layer (first upper layer or preferably additional upper layer) may be a PVB film (clear, tinted) anti-UV and / or acoustic and / or even in corners, or wedge in English, (for a windshield in particular with a head-up display function).

[0051] A lower layer (first lower layer or preferably additional lower layer) can be a PVB film (clear) anti-UV and / or acoustic and / or even in corners (for a windshield in particular with a head-up display function).

[0052] The intermediate layer can be a PVB film (clear) anti-UV and / or acoustic and / or even in corners (for a windshield in particular with a head-up display function).

[0053] Preferably any PVB-based adhesive layer (intermediate, lower and / or upper, sheet, presence of additional lower and / or upper layer) comprises 70% to 75% PVB, 20% or 25 to 30% plasticizer and less than 1% additives. There are also PVB sheets with little or no plasticizer (less than 10% or 5% or even 1% in particular) such as the “MOWITAL LP BF” film from the KURARAY company.

[0054] In this text, tinted means the colored appearance in transmission, characterized in particular by the colorimetric coordinates L*a*b*, calculated from the transmission spectrum between 380 and 780 nm taking into consideration the illuminant D65 as well as the CIE 1964 observer (10°).

[0055] Any thermoplastic (functional) film according to the invention (intermediate layer, optical film: extractor, redirector, barrier film), in particular non-adhesive to glass, is for example: polyester, in particular polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polybutylene terephthalate PBT, polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), polyimide (PI), polyetherimide (PEI), polyurethane (PU) or cellulose triacetate (TAC), acrylic, polyolefin in particular polypropylene (PP) polycarbonate (PC) or polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), (coextruded) film in PET-PMMA, polyvinyl chloride PVC, polyetheretherketone (PEEK).

[0056] With a thermoplastic film (intermediate layer, optical film: extractor, redirector, barrier film) made of PC or PMMA, thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) or EVA is preferred (for greater chemical compatibility) as a possible lower or upper thermoplastic adhesive layer. A thermoplastic or thermoset EVA can be chosen. Regarding optical properties, the intermediate layer can have a light transmission of at least 85% or 90% and / or a haze of less than 6%, 5%, 4%, 3%, 2%, 1%, or 0.5%.

[0057] Any crosslinked polymer adhesive layer (lower and / or upper adhesive layer, in particular first lower and / or upper layer) or the stack of layers between second and third face may have a light transmission of at least 85% or 90% (or lower if tinted) and / or a haze of less than 6%, 5%, 4%, 3%, 2%, 1%, or 0.5%. The glazing may have a transparency suitable for its use and / or a haze of less than 6%, 5%, 4%, 3%, 2%, 1%, or 0.5%.

[0058] A film is understood to mean a self-supporting layer while a coating is obtained by deposition (liquid route especially for polymer layers and / or physical or chemical vapor deposition). According to the invention, an upper layer is understood to mean a layer between the second face (bare or with functional coating) and the intermediate layer. This can be the first upper layer or one or more overlying layers called additional upper layers.

[0059] According to the invention, the term "lower layer" means a layer between the intermediate layer and the third face (bare or with functional coating). This may be the first lower layer or one or more underlying layers called additional lower layers.

[0060] The lamination interlayer may have a thickness (in microns) of at least 250, 300, 350, 400, 450, 500, 550, 600, 650, 700, 750, 800, 850, 900, 950, 1000, and at most 1100.

[0061] For example, the index nO is greater than or equal to 1.41, 1.42, 1.43, 1.44, 1.45, 1.46, 1.47, 1.48, 1.49, 1.5, 1.51, 1.52, 1.53, 1.54, 1.55, 1.56, 1.57, 1.59, 1.6, 1.61, 1.61, 1.62, 1.63, 1.64, 1.65.

[0062] In particular with nO of at least 1.55 in the visible, the refractive index n1 (and / or n'1) in the visible in particular at 550nm and preferably from 500nm to 750nm and even from 380nm to 750nm may also be less than or equal to 1.51, 1.50, to 1.49, to 1.48, to 1.47, to 1.46, to 1.45, to 1.44, to 1.43, to 1.42, to 1.41, to 1.40, to 1.39, to 1.38, to 1.37, to 1.36, to 1.35, to 1.34, to 1.33, to 1.32, to 1.31, to 1.30, to 1.29, to 1.28, to 1.27, to 1.26, to 1.25.

[0063] The first sheet of glass (preferably mineral) can have a refractive index nv of at most 1.55 and even 1.53, in particular from 1.51 to 1.53. It may then be preferable to have the first upper layer (in particular adhesive) with a refractive index n1 lower than nv.

[0064] The second sheet of glass (in particular mineral) may have a refractive index n'v less than 1.55 and even at most 1.53 (in particular from 1.51 to 1.53 for a mineral glass) and it may then be preferable to have the first lower layer (in particular adhesive) with a refractive index n1 less than n'v.

[0065] It is preferable and even generally essential that the glazing includes at least one transparent area, called "glass clear" or daylight, not covered by an opaque (internal), peripheral masking layer. The glass clear is therefore a central area.

[0066] This clear glass may generally represent at least 20%, preferably at least 50% and in particular at least 70% or 80% or 90% or 95% of the total surface area of ​​the glazing, including areas covered by encapsulation or seals. In other words, the opaque layer covers an area which generally represents at most 80%, preferably at most 50% and in particular at most 30% or 20 or 10% or 5% of the total surface area of ​​the glazing. The optical density of the opaque (internal) layer is preferably at least 2 and even up to 5.

[0067] The intermediate layer can occupy at least 70%, 80%, 90%, 95% of the surface of the glazing. The first layer (preferably adhesive and even crosslinked polymer) upper and / or the first layer (preferably adhesive and even crosslinked polymer) lower can occupy at least 70%, 80%, 90%, 95% of the surface of the glazing.

[0068] The first upper adhesive layer (preferably adhesive and even crosslinked polymer) and the first lower adhesive layer (preferably adhesive and even crosslinked polymer) can occupy at least 90% or 95% and better 100% of the surface of the intermediate layer.

[0069] In a preferred embodiment, n1 is at most 1.48 (n1 is at most or less than the refractive index of PVB) and even at most 1.45 or 1.4. The first, preferably adhesive, upper layer (in particular crosslinked polymer material), is a film or a coating. And n'1 is at most 1.48 (n'1 is at most or less than the refractive index of PVB) and even at most 1.45 or 1.4. The first, preferably adhesive, lower layer (in particular crosslinked polymer material), is a film or a coating.

[0070] Preferably, the absolute value difference between n'1 and n1 is at most 0.04 and even at most 0.02 and even n'1 is equal to n1.

[0071] When the intermediate layer is an adhesive thermoplastic film (PVB, TPU, EVA etc.), the other of the first lower or upper layers may be non-adhesive, for example a layer of silica, particularly porous, or MgF2.

[0072] Advantageously, the other of the first lower or upper layers is adhesive, preferably made of crosslinked polymer or thermoplastic (PVB, EVA, TPU etc.), forming part of the lamination interlayer.

[0073] Again, if we choose the two upper and lower adhesive layers of the OCA type, we have more choice on the refractive index n1 or n'1 and the addition of interlayers is not mandatory for laminating to glasses. We can expand the choice of the intermediate layer.

[0074] A solution with three films may be preferred: OCA film / guide film / OCA film. For simplicity, the upper and lower layers can be made of the same material and thickness. The upper film can be tinted with a coloring agent.

[0075] In one embodiment, the first upper and lower layers are crosslinked polymer adhesive layers, with n1 and / or n'1 of at most 1.46 or 1.4 or 1.35 or 1.3 with the difference in absolute value between n'1 and n1 being at most 0.04 and even at most 0.02 or zero. The intermediate layer (preferably single layer) is preferably a thermoplastic film (polyester, in particular PET or polycarbonate) or glass, with nO of at least 1.5 and even at least 1.52 or 1.54.The crosslinked polymer material of the first lower and / or upper layer (or even any other additional lower and / or upper adhesive layer) may preferably be chosen from a polymer based on (or essentially consisting of) polyacrylate (for example to have a refractive index n1 or n'1 of at most 1.46 or 1.4), in particular fluorourethane acrylate (to have the lowest possible refractive index n1 or n'1) or urethane acrylate or fluorosilicone acrylate, polysiloxanes or silicone (for example with a refractive index n1 or n'1 of at most 1.4 or 1.3) in particular polydimethylsiloxane, polyurethane, polyvinyl acetate, polyester or even epoxy polymer, polyepoxides.

[0076] In particular, the crosslinked polymer material of the first upper and / or lower adhesive layer is chosen from an acrylate-based polymer, in particular urethane acrylate or silicone acrylate or silicone-based, and the polymer further having a fluorinated function. A crosslinked polymer adhesive layer according to the invention (any lower and / or upper adhesive layer, etc.) may contain at least 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 95% by weight of polymer(s) and even at most 20%, 10%, 5%, 2%, 1% of additives.

[0077] A crosslinked polymer adhesive layer according to the invention (any lower and / or upper adhesive layer) may contain a main polymer (or base polymer) at least 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 95% by weight of polymer(s).

[0078] A crosslinked polymer adhesive layer according to the invention (any lower and / or upper adhesive layer) may comprise other additives (preferably less than 10% or 5% or 1% by weight of layer) such as at least one of the following:

[0079] - crosslinking agent e.g. photoinitiators (residual),

[0080] - plasticizers (for more flexibility)

[0081] - membership promoters

[0082] - additives for durability.

[0083] The polymerization or even crosslinking rate of a crosslinked polymer adhesive layer according to the invention is not necessarily 100%, the material may therefore contain residual prepolymers, monomers, oligomers. The e-layer can be analyzed by NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance) after crosslinking in order to determine the polymerization rate. A mixture of polymers may be present.

[0084] Preferably, the crosslinked polymer adhesive layer(s) (film and / or coating, (any lower and / or upper adhesive layer)) according to the invention may have a thickness (in microns) of at least 250, 300, 350, 400, 450, 500, 550, 600, 650, 700, 750, 800, 850, 900, 950, 1000, and at most 1100.

[0085] It is preferred that the total thickness of the thermoplastic adhesive layer(s) according to the invention may have a thickness (in microns) of at most 800, 750, 700, 650, 600, 550, 500, 450, 400, 350. The intermediate layer in the form of a film preferably or a coating may have a thickness (in microns) of at least 200, 250, 300, 350, 400, 450, 500, 550, 600, 650, 700, 750, 800, 850, 900, 950, 1000, and at most 1100.

[0086] The first upper (and / or lower) layer, in particular adhesive and crosslinked polymer, in the form of a coating on the first curved glass sheet (on the second curved glass sheet) may have a thickness (in microns) of at least 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350, 400, 450, 500, 550, 600, 650, 700, 750, 800, 850, 900, 950, 1000pm and no later than 1100pm.

[0087] A crosslinked polymer layer according to the invention (film or coating, in particular first upper or lower adhesive layer) may be polyacrylate which designates any polymer containing repeating units derived from acrylate. The repeating unit may be substituted or unsubstituted within the permitted valence range. The acrylate polymer may be homopolymer and / or copolymer. The polyacrylate may comprise one or more polymethyl acrylates, polyethylene acrylate, polypropyl methacrylate, polymethyl methacrylate, polyethylene methacrylate, polyethylene methacrylate, polyethyl methacrylate, polypropyl methacrylate.

[0088] A crosslinked polymer layer according to the invention (film or coating, in particular first upper or lower adhesive layer) may be epoxy polymer, for example, the polymer obtained after polymerization of substances containing epoxy bonds. The epoxy polymer may comprise one or more bisphenol A epoxy, bisphenol A epoxy, halogenated phenolic epoxy, phenolic epoxy, cycloaliphatic epoxy, bisphenol S epoxy resin.

[0089] Advantageously, the first lower and / or upper layer is a self-supporting crosslinked polymer film - which is in adhesive contact with the third face (or with a first lower layer, in particular thermoplastic adhesive or crosslinked polymer material) - in particular chosen from:

[0090] - pressure-sensitive film, preferably chosen from polymers preferably with acrylate, in particular based on polyacrylate or silicone acrylate or urethane acrylate, the polymer preferably also having a fluorinated function

[0091] -or a so-called post-adhesive film of partially (photo)crosslinked polymer before assembly and preferably totally (photo)crosslinked after assembly, and preferably photocrosslinked post-adhesive film and preferably with acrylate, in particular based on polyacrylate or silicone acrylate or urethane acrylate, the polymer also preferably having a fluorinated function. This film (PSA or post-adhesive) can be textured locally for light extraction (extractor film).

[0092] In the same way, any crosslinked polymer adhesive layer according to the invention can be a PSA film or post-adhesive preferably, with a secondary acrylate or polyacrylate function. The adhesive contact results from the continuation of photocrosslinking. Before the continuation of crosslinking, the assembled glazing is placed under vacuum for degassing, then placed in an autoclave under pressure - positive pressure 2-4 bars - for example and possibly at a temperature above ambient.

[0093] In particular, pressure-sensitive adhesive (PSA) film adheres by contact after applying mechanical pressure.

[0094] The first lower and / or upper layer may be a crosslinked polymer adhesive coating on the intermediate layer, in particular an intermediate layer which is a thermoplastic or glass film, or on a support in particular which is a (non-adhesive) thermoplastic or glass film. Said support preferably has another crosslinked polymer adhesive layer on an opposite main face and / or being in adhesive contact with a thermoplastic or crosslinked polymer adhesive layer of the lamination interlayer.

[0095] This support of the first upper layer is for example tinted.

[0096] This support of the first lower layer is preferably clear (colorless) for more extracted light visible on the fourth side (F1 or F4 depending on the usage configurations).

[0097] The crosslinked polymer material of a crosslinked polymer adhesive layer according to the invention (lower or upper adhesive layer, in particular first lower and / or upper layer, additional layer, framing layer, etc.) is based on crosslinked polymer (one or more crosslinked polymers), in particular essentially consisting of crosslinked polymer. A crosslinked polymer material without Carcinogenic, Mutagenic and Reprotoxic agent known as CMR agent is preferred.

[0098] Any lower or upper adhesive layer, especially the first lower and / or upper layer, can have good adhesion to glass (mineral or even organic). The intermediate layer or any other lower or upper adhesive layer, for example, achieves a peel strength for mineral glass (or organic glass) greater than 2N / cm, 3N / cm, 4N / cm, 5N / cm, 6N / cm, 7N / cm, 8N / cm, 9N / cm, 10N / cm.

[0099] The crosslinked polymer adhesive layer according to the invention (liquid deposition on first and / or second sheet or on support) can be crosslinked completely or partially before, during or after the lamination process between the first and second sheets (in particular mineral glass sheets).

[0100] The intermediate layer (film) may be crosslinked completely or partially before, during or after the lamination process between the first and second glass sheets.

[0101] Lamination in the absence of thermoplastic material is carried out by at least one pressurized vacuum.

[0102] For the manufacture of a crosslinked polymer adhesive layer according to the invention (lower or upper adhesive layer, in particular first lower and / or upper layer; or additional layer, framing layer), crosslinkable adhesives can be used which harden when their components react (photocrosslinkable, in particular under ultraviolet light, heat-crosslinkable, etc.) or when a solvent evaporates. In all cases, there is a chemical reaction in order to create chemical bonds for crosslinking, crosslinked polymer then defined by the formation of a 3D network of polymer chains linked by chemical bonds.

[0103] Thus the way in which the crosslinkable adhesive cures depends on its nature, some (photo)crosslinking in particular by the input of energy such as ultraviolet (UVA) or visible (400-405nm) others crosslinking at room temperature with the addition of a hardener by chemical reaction. Other crosslinkable adhesives are crosslinked by chemical reaction initiated and promoted by the input of thermal energy.

[0104] Liquid deposition of the crosslinkable adhesive (lower or upper adhesive layer, in particular the first lower and / or upper layer; additional layer, framing layer) can be carried out by spray coating, curtain coating, flow coating, roller coating, slot die, dip coating, blade coating, screen printing, inkjet printing, drop casting, or cavity filling.

[0105] Preferably, the crosslinked polymer adhesive layer according to the invention (lower or upper adhesive layer; in particular first lower or upper layer, additional layer, framing layer, etc.) can preferably be photo-crosslinked by ultraviolet, for example comprises a polymer matrix photo-crosslinked by ultraviolet.

[0106] The crosslinked polymer material according to the invention (lower and / or upper adhesive layer, in particular first lower and / or upper layer, additional layer, etc.) may preferably be based on (or essentially consisting of) a polymer associated with one or more other functions such as:

[0107] - the acrylate function (main or secondary) for photo-crosslinking (crosslinked polymer material based on urethane acrylate or based on silicone acrylate)

[0108] - and / or the main fluorinated (chemical) function to lower the refractive index (crosslinked polymer material based on fluorourethane acrylate or fluorosilicone acrylate) or the main fluorene (chemical) function to increase the refractive index.

[0109] Depending on the desired properties, the acrylate function can be used for photo-crosslinking (for a urethane acrylate or a silicone acrylate etc.). The acrylate function allows the photo-crosslinking of the polymer, the backbone of which can be made up of other functions such as urethane or fluorene. In particular, any crosslinked polymer adhesive layer according to the invention has an acrylate function or is a polyacrylate.

[0110] In a first example of a lower or upper adhesive layer (first lower layer or additional adhesive layer) in the form of a coating, a crosslinkable UV resin is deposited on the second sheet or the first sheet (of mineral or organic glass). One or both layers can be deposited on a polymer or ultra-thin glass support.

[0111] It can be as crosslinkable LIV resin, acrylate-based resin, urethane acrylate-based resin, silicone-based resin, fluoro urethane acrylate-based resin.

[0112] The following resins can be mentioned as low refractive index crosslinkable liquid adhesives (preferably for the first lower and / or upper layer):

[0113] - based on urethane acrylate, for example from the company Norland, in particular the product called LOCA Norland NOA 1315 (refractive index 1.315) which is an aliphatic urethane acrylate,

[0114] - based on fluorourethane acrylate, for example from the company Shin-A, in particular the product called SFA 335 (refractive index 1.335-1.339) or SFA 387 (refractive index 1.385-1.389),

[0115] - based on acrylate, for example the product called LIZ181A (refractive index 1.47) from the company AKChemTeck, or the product called UVEKOL S15 (refractive index 1.44) from the company Allnex.

[0116] Examples include LOCA based on fluorourethane acrylate, for example from the company Shin-A, in particular the product called LOCA Shin-A 335 (refractive index 1.335-1.339) or 387 (refractive index 1.385-1.389).

[0117] A pressure-sensitive adhesive, abbreviated PSA and commonly referred to as a pressure-sensitive adhesive, is an adhesive that forms a mechanical bond when pressure is applied to it, thereby securing the adhesive to the surface to be bonded. No solvent, water, or heat is required to activate the adhesive.

[0118] As the name "pressure sensitive" suggests, the degree of bonding between a given surface and the self-adhesive binder is influenced by the amount of pressure used to apply the adhesive to the target surface and the nature and density of the physical bonds formed between the adhesive and the substrate (mineral or organic glass sheet).

[0119] PSAs are generally designed to form a bond and maintain that bond at room temperature.

[0120] PSAs can be made of rubber, polyurethane, acrylic ester polymer, polysiloxane.

[0121] PSAs are typically elastomer based coupled with a suitable additional adhesive or "tackifying" agent (e.g., an ester resin).

[0122] The elastomers can preferably be based on:

[0123] - acrylates, which may be sticky enough not to require an additional tackifying agent.

[0124] - silicone, requiring special tackifying agents such as “MQ” type silicate resins, composed of monofunctional trimethyl silane (“M”) which has reacted with quadrifunctional silicon tetrachloride (“Q”), silicone-based PSAs are for example polydimethylsiloxane gums and resins dispersed in xylene or a mixture of xylene and toluene or possibly:

[0125] - styrene-based block copolymers such as styrene butadiene-styrene (SBS), styrene-ethylene / butylene-styrene (SEBS), styrene-ethylene / propylene (SEP), styrene-isoprene-styrene (SIS) block copolymers,

[0126] - vinyl ethers.

[0127] - nitriles.

[0128] PSA adhesives are marketed as double-sided adhesive rolls with a liner on each side to protect the PSA film.

[0129] Examples of silicone-based PSAs (for the first lower or upper layer) include Dow Corning® adhesives such as 2013 Adhesive, 7657 Adhesive, Q2-7735 Adhesive, Q2-7406 Adhesive, Q2-7566 Adhesive, 7355 Adhesive, 7358 Adhesive, 280A Adhesive, 282 Adhesive, 7651 Adhesive, 7652 Adhesive, 7356 Adhesive or Taica adhesives such as OPT alpha GEL® such as K120E, K90E or MRK adhesives such as MR3050, MR3080.

[0130] Examples of acrylate-based PSAs include Nitto adhesives such as CS98210U, CS98210UK or Tesa® adhesives such as OCA 69206, OCA 69208, OCA 69405.

[0131] A PSA film based on acrylate includes the product called CS986 (refractive index 1.47) from Nitto.

[0132] As a silicone-based PSA film (preferably for the first lower and / or upper layer), we can cite the product called Opt Alpha Gel from the company Taica (refractive index 1.41).

[0133] Regarding silicone, we prefer polydimethylsiloxane, PDMS or dimethicone, which is an organomineral polymer from the siloxane family.

[0134] In an example of a crosslinked polymer adhesive layer (first lower or upper layer, any other additional upper or lower adhesive layer, framing, etc.), in the form of an acrylate-based PSA film, we can cite the product called CS986 from Nitto with a refractive index of 1.49.

[0135] In an example of a crosslinked polymer adhesive layer (first lower or upper layer, or any other additional upper or lower adhesive layer, framing, etc.) in the form of a coating, a crosslinkable UV resin based on mercapto ester is deposited, the product called NOA 65 from the Norland company with a refractive index equal to 1.524.

[0136] In an example of a high index crosslinked polymer adhesive layer (first lower or upper layer, additional upper or lower adhesive layer, framing layer, etc.) in the form of a coating, a single-component crosslinkable UV resin based on acrylate-functional polyfluorene is deposited, the product called Shin-A SBPF-022 with a refractive index equal to 1.60.

[0137] The glazing according to the invention may comprise between the second face and the first upper layer (preferably adhesive, crosslinked polymer or even thermoplastic adhesive film) an additional upper layer which is a thermoplastic adhesive film, in particular tinted and in contact with the second face bare or coated with a functional coating, preferably electrically conductive, in particular heating or athermal.

[0138] And / or the glazing according to the invention comprises between the third face and the first lower layer (preferably adhesive, crosslinked polymer or even thermoplastic adhesive film) an additional lower layer which is a thermoplastic adhesive film and in contact with the third face preferably bare or coated with a functional coating.

[0139] The glazing can include the following stacking between the second and third sides (the layers in parentheses are optional):

[0140] - (first PVB or EVA sheet) / first upper adhesive crosslinked polymer layer / intermediate layer which is thermoplastic film (non-adhesive in particular PET or PC) or glass / first lower adhesive crosslinked polymer layer / (second PVB or EVA or TPU sheet), in particular first and second sheets based on the same polymer and even of the same thickness

[0141] - (first PVB or EVA sheet) / first crosslinked polymer adhesive top layer / intermediate layer which is thermoplastic film (non-adhesive in particular PET or PC) or glass / first adhesive bottom layer / (second PVB or EVA or TPU sheet)

[0142] - (first PVB or EVA sheet) / first crosslinked polymer adhesive top layer / intermediate layer which is thermoplastic film in particular PET or PC or glass / first lower layer / (PVB or EVA or TPU) in particular PVB)

[0143] - first upper cross-linked polymer adhesive layer / intermediate layer which is a glass film / first lower silica layer, notably porous / (second PVB or EVA or TPU sheet),

[0144] - (first PVB or EVA sheet) / first upper adhesive layer / intermediate layer which is thermoplastic film in particular PET or PC or glass / first lower adhesive crosslinked polymer layer / (second PVB or EVA or TPU sheet),

[0145] - (first PVB or EVA sheet) / first upper layer / intermediate layer which is thermoplastic film in particular PET or PC or glass / first lower adhesive crosslinked polymer layer / (PVB or EVA or TPU), in particular first upper silica layer in particular porous / intermediate layer which is a glass film / first lower adhesive crosslinked polymer layer / (second PVB or EVA or TPU sheet), and preferably the first upper and / or lower layer is an adhesive film in particular PSA. The silica in particular (nano)porous can be a sol-gel layer and in particular with n1 and / or n'1 of at most 1.4 or 1.3 and even with a thickness of at least 800nm.

[0146] The layers of the stack above the intermediate layer can be tinted and / or the first sheet of glass (preferably mineral). In particular, the first sheet of glass is the outer glazing. The second face is then the F2 face.

[0147] As already stated, the second face (for example of clear or extra-clear glass) may be in direct contact with the stack or be coated with a functional coating, in particular electrically conductive (non-adhesive). The third face may be in direct contact with the stack or be coated with a functional coating, in particular electrically conductive (non-adhesive).

[0148] The sequence can be strict or one or more layers can be inserted.

[0149] In particular for the preceding stacks, between the intermediate layer and the third face, the glazing may be free of thermoplastic adhesive layer and / or between the second face and the intermediate layer and the glazing may be free of thermoplastic adhesive layer.

[0150] In one configuration, the first upper layer may be adhesive made of crosslinked polymer material and the first lower (non-adhesive) layer is a thermoplastic polymer film of submillimeter thickness or a coating, in particular of porous silica, the first lower layer is in contact with the intermediate layer which is said thermoplastic adhesive film (PVB etc) and with an additional lower adhesive layer, crosslinked polymer or thermoplastic, on the third face or the first lower layer is adhesive made of crosslinked polymer material and the first upper layer is a thermoplastic polymer film of submillimeter thickness or a coating, in particular of porous silica, the first upper layer is in contact with the intermediate layer which is said thermoplastic adhesive film (PVB etc) and with an additional upper adhesive layer, crosslinked polymer or thermoplastic, on the second face.

[0151] In this latter configuration, the first upper layer may be a thermoplastic film (in particular non-adhesive) possibly fluoropolymer, with a thickness of at least 30 pm and submillimeter, bonded to the second face by at least one additional upper adhesive layer (bonding) made of crosslinked polymer or thermoplastic material (PVB for example) or two additional upper adhesive layers (bonding), a first additional layer (bonding) made of crosslinked polymer material and a second additional layer (bonding) made of thermoplastic polymer material (PVB for example) bonded to the second face.

[0152] Preferably the thermoplastic film is chosen from:

[0153] - locally diffusing film, in particular textured on the intermediate layer side - functional film: athermal or heating, comprising an electroconductive coating, low emissivity, heating, electroconductive coating on the second side

[0154] - fluoropolymer film, with n1 of at most 1.5 or at most 1.45, 1.4 or 1.3

[0155] - tinted film (in mass etc.).

[0156] As a low index film (particularly with an index of at most 1.45 in the visible range), a fluoropolymer (thermoplastic) film can therefore be chosen. The fluoropolymer film can be based on or even made from one of the following materials:

[0157] - perfluoroalkoxy PFA, in particular with a refractive index of approximately 1.3

[0158] - poly(vinylidene fluoride) PVDF, in particular with a refractive index of approximately 1.4

[0159] - ethylene Chlorotrifluoroethylene ECTFE

[0160] - ethylene tetrafluoroethylene ETFE, more precisely poly(ethylene-co-tetrafluoroethylene, in particular with a refractive index of approximately 1.4

[0161] - the perfluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer FEP or (Fluorinated Ethylene Propylene in English) in particular with a refractive index of approximately 1.3

[0162] - polytetrafluoroethylene PTFE, in particular with n2 of approximately 1.3, but which is the most difficult to laminate

[0163] - polyvinyl fluoride (PVF).

[0164] It is preferred that it has a haze of at most 2%. A fluoropolymer film is readily available from 30 or 50 pm. For better assembly, the fluoropolymer film can have one or two main surfaces treated with an adhesion-promoting surface treatment, preferably a corona treatment.

[0165] In one configuration, the first sheet (preferably mineral glass) is tinted and / or the first upper layer, in particular upper crosslinked polymer adhesive layer is tinted and / or an additional upper adhesive layer preferably made of thermoplastic material or crosslinked polymer is tinted. And the second sheet of glass (organic or mineral) may be clear (colorless) and / or the first lower layer clear (colorless).

[0166] Furthermore, the first sheet may be tinted and / or one or any layer (athermal film, polymer support, barrier film, upper adhesive layer in particular) above the intermediate layer may be tinted.

[0167] To do this, any tinted polymer layer according to the invention may comprise (in a polymer matrix) a coloring agent (organic or inorganic), in particular a molecular dye or inorganic pigment.

[0168] A tinted film (athermal film, polymer support, barrier film, top adhesive layer) can have a light transmission of at most 50% or 40% or 30% or 20% and at least 5%.

[0169] The first top layer, in particular adhesive and even crosslinked polymer, tinted may have a light transmission of at most 50% or 40% or 30% or 20% and at least 5%. The first sheet may then be tinted or colorless and / or any other tinted or colorless top adhesive layer.

[0170] For example, for a car roof, a first top layer (especially an additional layer on the first top adhesive layer or first top adhesive layer) is chosen, which is tinted with a light transmission of less than 100% to 2%, or better still, 28% to 8%. For example, it is a thermoplastic film, for example, tinted PVB, or the adhesive layer, or even tinted crosslinked polymer.

[0171] The outer edge or slice of the intermediate layer and even of the lamination interlayer etc., is offset from the clear glass, in particular the intermediate layer extending under an internal peripheral masking layer between the second face and the intermediate layer.

[0172] The glazing may incorporate one or more functional (non-adhesive) elements which do not contribute (notably) to the “cohesion” of the glazing.

[0173] One or more functional elements may be between the second face and the intermediate layer or within the first upper layer or an additional upper layer (in particular within a thermoplastic adhesive layer or crosslinked material). For example, the glazing (mono or multilayer) may incorporate one or more functional elements (preferably functional films) in particular of subcentimetric thickness and even at most 0.6 mm or 0.5 mm or 0.3 or 0.2 mm, and preferably at least 30 or 40 or 50 μm, preferably chosen from at least one of the following functional films:

[0174] - functional film (transparent, flexible, colorless or tinted), in particular polymer, chosen from:

[0175] - athermal film, reflecting infrared, and / or heating for example polymer substrate with an electroconductive coating (transparent), in particular with a thickness of at most 0.4 mm, in particular local or extending over almost the entire glazing, possibly separate from the first lower adhesive layer or being the first lower adhesive layer, with the electroconductive coating on the side opposite the intermediate layer,

[0176] - electronic device (more or less extensive) chosen from at least one of the following devices: sensors; electrically controllable device with variable tint and / or diffusion, additional diodes (emitting towards the first or second sheet), in particular local or extending over almost the entire glazing, in particular opposite or offset from the propagation zone, light extraction means, device between the second face and the first upper layer.

[0177] In particular, an upper adhesive layer according to the invention may comprise two thermoplastic adhesive films - or sheets - for example based on PVB (or thermocrosslinked adhesive for example pressure-sensitive) and larger than the functional element (in particular electronic device or athermal film) and the functional element is between these two sheets. In particular for a functional element (polymer film, electronic device etc.) with a thickness of at least 0.4 mm, a peripheral intermediate sheet of the same type of material as the two sheets, in particular based on PVB (or thermocrosslinked adhesive for example pressure-sensitive), surrounds and touches the edge of the functional element and is between these two sheets protruding and in contact with them. This peripheral intermediate sheet is part of the lamination interlayer.For a functional element with a thickness less than or equal to 0.4mm and even 0.3mm or 0.2mm, the thermoplastic material can flow sufficiently.

[0178] Preferably for any functional element (film in particular polymer) according to the invention, a thickness of at least 30 or 40 pm or 50 pm is preferred for easy handling during assembly and preferably at most 500 pm or 400 pm or 300 pm.

[0179] In particular, a functional element (film, particularly polymer, electronic device) with a thickness of at most 0.4 mm or 0.3 mm or 0.2 mm does not require a peripheral intermediate layer.

[0180] For the athermal film, for example, a clear coated PET film, for example XIR from Eastman, or a coextruded PET-PMMA film, for example of the 3M® SRF type, can be used. Naturally, a functional polymer film can be multifunctional (support, barrier, optical, etc.).

[0181] The extraction film can have a custom scope. It can be local or cover at least 50% of the window clear. The extraction film can have one or more local extraction zones (textured etc.)

[0182] In one embodiment, at least one optical film is between the intermediate layer and one of the first upper or lower layers, in particular crosslinked polymer adhesives, and even in contact with the intermediate layer, and in that the optical film, in particular polymer (thermoplastic, non-adhesive), is chosen from:

[0183] - so-called extractor film, forming a means of extracting guided light (in the intermediate layer)

[0184] - and / or local redirecting film, in particular a prismatic film (polymer, in particular polyester, in particular PET, or PC), in particular reflector between the intermediate layer and the first upper layer (in particular crosslinked polymer adhesive) or transparent prismatic film between the intermediate layer and the first lower layer (in particular crosslinked polymer adhesive), forming means for redirecting light in the intermediate layer coming from a light source on the fourth face or even offset from the glazing.

[0185] There may be several separate extractor films (distributed in the glass clear and / or offset from the glass clear etc.) on the third side and / or on the second side. The extractor film may be a thermoplastic polymer or crosslinked polymer (thermoset) film.

[0186] It is preferred that the optical film (extractor or redirector) according to the invention is local, in particular to increase the contact surface of the first lower and upper layers with the intermediate layer, in particular adhesive contact if the first lower and upper layers are adhesive, preferably both crosslinked polymer. Preferably, the local redirector optical film (prismatic film, preferably reflective and between the first upper layer and the intermediate layer, or transparent prismatic film between the first lower layer and the intermediate layer) is at most 10 cm wide or at most 5 cm or even at most 2 cm wide and in particular of a length similar to that of the linear light source (custom-made). It may be a rectangular strip, for example with rounded corners. The extent of the (each) (local) extractor film may be significantly less than that of the intermediate layer.It advantageously represents less than 30%, preferably at most 25%, in particular between 1 and 10% of the extent of the intermediate layer.

[0187] The extractor film can be of any shape. Several extractor films can have different shapes.

[0188] The optical film (local, extractor or redirector) can be in adhesive contact with the first lower or upper adhesive layer, preferably crosslinked polymer.

[0189] It is also possible to use a thermoplastic polymer for the extractor film and to heat this polymer, before bringing it into contact with the intermediate layer, at least locally to its softening point in order to position it on the first lower or upper layer, which is chosen to be a thermoplastic adhesive.

[0190] Yet another possibility is to form the extractor film by RIM (reaction injection molding) of a mixture of monomers resulting in the formation of a thermoset polymer in situ.

[0191] In one embodiment, the light extraction means (preferably local, in the clear glass or not (under an internal masking layer) depending on the needs) comprise: - a texturing of a so-called textured element chosen from the intermediate layer, or at least one of the first upper and lower layers which is preferably an adhesive layer, in particular a crosslinked polymer,

[0192] - or an extractor film inserted between one of the first upper and lower layers, which is preferably an adhesive layer, in particular a crosslinked polymer, and the intermediate layer

[0193] - or a diffusing layer comprising a binder and diffusing particles and / or pores, inserted between one of the first upper and lower layers and the intermediate layer.

[0194] - a local diffusing zone of the intermediate layer comprising diffusing particles and / or pores, in particular laser engraving of a glass film.

[0195] The light extraction means (guided in the intermediate layer) may comprise an extractor film which is an optical film with reflective reliefs.

[0196] It is possible to use a film with reflective reliefs, in particular a plastic film with a refractive index greater than or equal to nO with reflective reliefs (prisms) forming light extraction such as that described in patent WO2013 / 167832.

[0197] The reflective relief preferably has a low roughness so that the reflection is essentially of the specular type. The relief and roughness of the reflective interface are chosen so that the total widths at half-height of the angular distribution of the light intensity emitted by the system are preferably between 30° and 60°.

[0198] Regardless of the roughness of the reflective interface, a height or depth of the relief can be defined which is equal to the distance between the highest and lowest point of said relief. The height of the reflective relief is for example between 5 pm and 1 mm, preferably between 10 pm and 500 pm, in particular between 20 and 100 pm.

[0199] Such relief-textured polymer films are available on the market, including, for example, the Vikuiti® Image Directing Film II marketed by 3M.

[0200] The optical extractor film may comprise a plurality of individual prisms, each consisting of an oblique surface and a surface substantially perpendicular to the general plane of the second sheet.

[0201] Examples of regular relief include a Fresnel lens type relief or a Fresnel prism type relief.

[0202] The relief may be reflective by a layer having a refractive index lower by at least 0.04, preferably at least 0.1 than the index no (such as n1) or the refractive index of the optical film with reliefs. The relief may thus be reflective by the first upper or lower layer, in particular crosslinked polymer adhesive. The hollows of the reliefs may be filled by the first upper or lower layer, in particular crosslinked polymer adhesive. Alternatively or cumulatively, the guided light extraction means may comprise a diffusing layer. This diffusing layer comprises diffusing elements in a binder or a matrix (transparent and even diffusing), in particular defining at least a first diffusing zone, for example with a width of at least 0.5 mm, in particular a first diffusing zone that is solid and / or comprising a set of discontinuous patterns.

[0203] The means for extracting the guided light can also be a frosted textured area of ​​the glass film forming an intermediate layer or a diffusing coating.

[0204] The scattering particles can be of the order of micrometers in size, notably at least 600nm, in an organic or mineral binder. The particles can be made of metal or metal oxide.

[0205] The extraction means on the second face can be completely opaque or transparent, on the third face, the extraction means have a non-zero light transmission.

[0206] The light source preferably comprises a set of light-emitting diodes on a diode support, for example flexible, in particular a printed circuit (such as a PCB for "printed circuit board" in English), in particular an elongated, linear support, a straight or curved strip. Several strips can be provided, connected to each other, etc., along an edge, etc.

[0207] The light source may be between the second and third faces. The diode support may be wholly or partly between the second and third faces, curved (flexible) to fit the curvature of the glazing, and even the diode support (especially if side-emitting diodes and / or support along the second or third face) may protrude from the edge of the glazing.

[0208] The diode support and the diodes can be in an L or II profile which is wholly or partly between the second and third faces (in a groove, within a framing layer) in particular a curved profile (flexible) to adapt to the curvature of the glazing.

[0209] The light source may comprise an extractor optical fiber coupled with a primary light source (light-emitting diode(s) etc.).

[0210] Preferably the diodes are surface-mounted components on the front face of a diode holder which is a printed circuit board called a PCB board (with conductive tracks).

[0211] Diodes, for example, have Lambertian or quasi-Lambertian emission. The width (or length) of a diode with a single semiconductor chip, usually a square-shaped diode, is preferably at most 5 mm.

[0212] The width of the diode support (PCB board), especially the strip, is preferably at most 5cm, better still at most 2cm, and even at most 1cm.

[0213] There may be one or more light sources (peripheral, preferably offset from the window clear), several sets of diodes. The source(s) are elongated, linear over at least 10cm and / or more local, particularly in a hole or several holes separate from the intermediate layer or a peripheral layer (framing layer).

[0214] One or more light sources (identical or not) may be used, for example electrical and / or made up of electroluminescent device(s) (LED, etc.). The light source(s) may be monochromatic (emitting in blue, green, red, etc.) or polychromatic, or may be adapted or combined to produce, for example, white light, etc.; they may be continuous or discontinuous, etc.

[0215] The light source can be extended linearly (rectangular strip like a bar of diodes) along one side of the glazing (longitudinal edges) or split (with similar or distinct light, e.g. different color intensity, controlled independently or simultaneously) along both sides (longitudinal edges).

[0216] The light source, preferably a set of light-emitting diodes (on a diode support), can be under the second face:

[0217] - bonded to the second side (by an upper adhesive layer or not, if the upper adhesive layer is further back)

[0218] -and even between the second face and the third face, in particular linked to the second face or to the third face and / or linked to the intermediate layer.

[0219] The light source can be coupled to the edge of the intermediate layer and all or part of it can be external to the edge of the glazing. The light source (the diodes and even the diode support) can be housed in a polymer encapsulation such as that described in application WO2010049638, in particular in figure 15 or in figure 16 and even having a recess for removal, replacement of the source.

[0220] The injection of light, from the light source which preferably comprises a set of light-emitting diodes on a diode support, into the intermediate layer (in particular non-adhesive thermoplastic or glass film) is preferably:

[0221] 1) by a slice of the intermediate layer (in particular thermoplastic or glass film, non-adhesive) or wall delimiting a closed hole (blind or through) of the intermediate layer, light source in contact or distant from said slice or wall (space or material in particular adhesive), the light source preferably being under the second face and even between the second face and the third face.

[0222] Optionally, the light source is in a notch in the edge of the intermediate layer (in particular thermoplastic or glass film, non-adhesive) or is bonded or embedded or in a wall delimiting a closed hole (or in the vicinity) of a transparent framing layer (for optical coupling through the edge) possibly adhesive on the periphery of the edge of the intermediate layer.

[0223] Or the injection is:

[0224] 2) by a light redirection element, local such as an optical redirection film, preferably on the second main face (or third main face), in particular a prismatic film in contact with the intermediate layer and between the intermediate layer and one of the first upper or lower layers, the light source then being opposite or offset from the fourth main face, in particular the light source and the light redirection element offset by a window clear.

[0225] The beam of the light source can be normal or inclined.

[0226] In particular, the optical coupling is direct or via an optic, in particular a light source and a light redirection element offset by a window clear and facing an internal masking layer.

[0227] The power supply to the light source (diodes) can be provided by a current supply integrated into the laminated glazing, for example an electric wire incorporated into the lamination interlayer, or this electric wire can be applied to the fourth main face of the second sheet (inner sheet, passenger compartment side), and possibly be protected by a cover.

[0228] The light source may be on the fourth face, under (facing) the inner masking layer, and is coupled to the intermediate layer via an optical redirecting film as already described.

[0229] The light source on the fourth face may be associated with collimating optics. The light source with a possible collimator may be fixed on the fourth face, by direct gluing or by being spaced and on a peripheral support fixed on the fourth face. The possible inner peripheral masking layer (on face F4) may include a spacing so as not to block the optical coupling, in particular to allow the rays from the light source to pass towards the light redirection element.

[0230] This redirecting film (transparent) is for example longitudinal in shape along the glazing or rounded in the corners, for example the length of the window clear. This redirecting film can be of a thickness of at most 0.5 mm or 0.4 mm and in particular at least 0.1 mm.

[0231] The redirecting film and / or the light source is, for example, at most 100mm from the clear glass and / or preferably at least 10 or 20mm.

[0232] By this redirecting film between the second face and the third face, the light passing through the second sheet, all or part of the intermediate layer is redirected into the intermediate layer of glass by reflection, or even diffusion.

[0233] The optical redirector film can be a textured and even prismatic film (between the F2 and F3 faces). The prismatic film has a smooth main surface (non-textured, non-functional) and an opposite textured, functional surface. The prismatic film is flexible and therefore curved to adapt to the curvature of the glazing. The prismatic film can comprise a partially structured transparent plastic film forming (micro)prisms or a transparent (planar) plastic film (for example polyester, in particular PET or PC) with on a main surface a transparent layer (organic for example, resin) with an arrangement of (micro)prisms. The (micro)prisms are oriented towards the third face or towards the second face.

[0234] The prismatic film on the second face (between face F2 and F3), between the intermediate layer and the first upper layer, can be reflective, with a reflective layer (metallic etc.) on the (micro)prisms and the reflective (micro)prisms are oriented towards the second face or the third face.

[0235] Preferably, the prismatic film (preferably) reflective is between the intermediate layer and the first upper layer, and even glued or in contact with the intermediate layer (prisms oriented towards the second face or the third face), In particular the prismatic film (preferably) reflective is of thickness of 100 to 300 pm preferably at most 150 pm. The prismatic film on the third face side (between face F2 and F3, between the intermediate layer and the first upper layer) can be with the (micro)prisms oriented towards the second face or the third face.

[0236] Preferably, the prismatic, transparent film is between the intermediate layer and the first lower layer, and even in contact with the intermediate layer (prisms oriented towards the second face or the third face), In particular the prismatic (transparent) film is 100 to 300 pm thick, preferably at most 150 pm.

[0237] The intermediate layer can be protected if necessary from humidity, dust, the external environment for better durability. In one embodiment, a so-called framing layer surrounds the periphery of the intermediate layer, preferably a thermoplastic or crosslinked polymer adhesive layer and in contact with the intermediate layer and even possibly in adhesive contact with the third face (bare or coated) or with the first lower and / or upper layer and / or in contact with the second face (bare or coated) or with the first upper layer, in particular a framing layer offset by a window clear.

[0238] The peripheral framing (adhesive) layer can be on the perimeter of the intermediate layer and even on the perimeter of one or more other layers under or on the intermediate layer.

[0239] The framing layer may surround the edge of the edge of the intermediate layer and even one or more of the first lower and upper layers (preferably crosslinked polymer adhesives and even all the layers between the second and third faces), preferably a thermoplastic adhesive layer (in particular PVB) or crosslinked polymer.

[0240] The framing layer is preferably of a thickness at least equal to the thickness of the intermediate layer. The framing layer is for example of a width of at least 1 mm and at most 5 cm or 1 cm (and offset by a clear window, under an internal masking layer).

[0241] The framing layer may be a thermosetting sealant (two-component photo-crosslinked, thermo-crosslinked), forming a sealing joint, and even spaced or attached to the first lower and upper layers (itself set back from the edges of the sheets). The framing layer may be in adhesive contact with the second face and the third face. The framing layer may be, for example, polyurethane, epoxy, butyl, etc.

[0242] The framing layer may be of the same material as the first upper and / or lower adhesive layer.

[0243] The framing layer may frame the guided light propagation zone and / or it is preferably outside the clear zone of the glass.

[0244] In the case where the first upper and / or lower adhesive layer (in film) extends beyond the edges of the intermediate layer, the framing layer can be used to compensate for the thickness of the intermediate layer. It can fill the groove between the first upper and / or lower adhesive layers that protrude.

[0245] The first upper and / or lower adhesive layer, in particular thermoplastic and even PVB, may protrude from the intermediate layer and even without a discernible interface with a framing layer, in particular thermoplastic and even PVB, around the perimeter of the intermediate layer.

[0246] The crosslinked polymer material of an additional crosslinked polymer adhesive layer (under or on the first upper or lower layer) or of a frame layer may comprise (essentially) a polymer chosen from polyacrylate-based polymers, in particular based on urethane acrylate, or even epoxy polymer (resin etc.) or polyepoxides, polyester, polyurethane, polyvinyl acetate.

[0247] Regarding the extent of the elements, several configurations are possible, in particular the edge of the intermediate layer, of the first (adhesive) lower and / or upper layer or even adhesive framing layer) is not necessarily aligned with the edge of the first and / or second sheets. The edges of the layers between the second and third face are not necessarily aligned with each other.

[0248] The middle layer may be recessed from the edge of the first sheet. The width of the recess may depend on the light injection

[0249] -for example the withdrawal is at least 10mm to place the light source (diodes) under the second distant face or in contact with the edge of the intermediate layer, edge with notch etc) and even between the second face and the third face

[0250] - custom shrinkage of at most 10mm or even at most 2mm, especially if the source is in a closed hole in the intermediate layer.

[0251] The first upper and / or lower layer (preferably both crosslinked polymer adhesive) may be set back from the edge of the first sheet by no more than 10 mm or even no more than 2 mm. The edge of the first upper and / or lower layer (preferably both crosslinked polymer adhesive) may be aligned with the edge of the intermediate layer or protrude from the intermediate layer.

[0252] In one embodiment, the glazing comprises an internal, peripheral, opaque masking layer between the third face and the second face, and even covering the periphery of the intermediate layer, in particular in contact with the second main face, in particular defining a window clear. And it optionally comprises, in particular when the second sheet is an internal glazing, an internal, peripheral, opaque masking layer on the fourth main face, in particular congruent or of a width less than the width of the internal masking layer.

[0253] The glazing may therefore comprise between the second face (in particular F2) and the third face (in particular F3), an opaque, internal peripheral masking layer, in particular an enamel (black etc.) on the second face. This may be an opaque coating on a thermoplastic adhesive layer (in particular an additional upper adhesive layer) in particular PVB, for example an opaque coating based on PVB and with a coloring agent on a main face of a PVB layer (in particular an additional upper adhesive layer) facing the second or third face.

[0254] The internal masking layer can be 2mm or 3mm (less than 5mm) from the edge of the glazing or even up to the edge. The masking layer can be a strip framing the glazing (windshield, roof, etc.) in particular black. The entire periphery is opaque to hide bodywork elements or joints or to protect an adhesive for mounting on the vehicle. This internal masking layer delimits the clear glass. It can be advantageous for the external edge of the intermediate layer (and even the first lower or upper layer, or additional or framing layer) to be masked by the internal masking layer, not to be in the clear glass.

[0255] The width of the internal masking layer along the sides of a motor vehicle roof is usually less than that at the front or even the rear.

[0256] In the case where the first sheet is the exterior glazing, another masking layer, called the interior, can be on the fourth face called F4 on the passenger compartment side, in particular facing the internal masking layer (and even of an identical nature, for example an enamel, in particular black, on the second sheet of mineral glass). It can be adjacent to a possible transparent functional coating, in particular athermal, which is at least in the clear of the window.

[0257] Especially for a car roof (first sheet is the exterior glazing):

[0258] - the width of the internal (and even interior) masking layer along the longitudinal edges can be at most 30cm, in particular 10 to 20cm,

[0259] - the width of the internal (and even interior) masking layer along the rear side edge may be at most 30cm, in particular at least 1 or 5cm, and along the front side edge at most 60cm, in particular at least 1 or 5cm.

[0260] The width of the inner masking layer is preferably larger than that of the inner masking layer.

[0261] The internal and / or inner masking layer may be an organic or mineral binder (fused glass frit) with an organic or inorganic coloring agent, in particular a molecular dye or inorganic pigment.

[0262] The internal and / or inner masking layer is preferably a continuous layer (solid with a solid edge or alternatively a gradient edge (set of patterns).

[0263] The thickness of the layer(s) between the second face and the third face is preferably at most 1.1 mm or 0.9 mm and in particular the thickness of the lamination interlayer (of one or more thermoplastic and / or crosslinked polymer adhesive layers) being at most 1.1 mm or 0.9 mm, at least in the guide zone.

[0264] The thickness between the first face and the fourth face is preferably at most 9mm or 7mm, particularly for a road vehicle,

[0265] The first sheet is preferably made of mineral glass, possibly tempered, especially if intended to be the outer sheet and if the second sheet is made of organic glass. In particular for road glazing, the first (outer) sheet is preferably at most 2.5 mm thick, even at most 2.2 mm - especially 1.9 mm, 1.8 mm, 1.6 mm and 1.4 mm - and even at least 0.7 mm thick.

[0266] In particular, the first sheet is the outer sheet and even made of mineral glass and the glazing is chosen from a roof, a windshield, a side window. The first sheet can alternatively be the inner sheet and in particular, the glazing is chosen from a windshield, a side window, a rear window, a rear door glazing, and in particular the outer sheet is made of mineral glass in particular tempered.

[0267] The second sheet may be the second sheet intended to be the inner sheet, in particular with a thickness of at least 0.7 mm, possibly less than that of the first outer glass sheet, even at most 2.2 mm - in particular 1.9 mm, 1.8 mm, 1.6 mm and 1.4 mm - or even at most 1.3 mm or at most 1 mm /

[0268] The total thickness of the first and second glass sheets is preferably strictly less than 5 or 4 mm, even 3.7 mm.

[0269] The first and second sheets of glass may be of substantially identical size, for example generally rectangular in shape. The first sheet (if external) may be larger than the second sheet (if internal), thus exceeding this second sheet over at least part of its circumference, possibly a smaller second sheet (passenger compartment side) with a recessed edge of at most 10 or 5 cm from the edge of the first sheet of glass, on one edge or several edges (longitudinal and / or lateral) in particular or over the entire circumference.

[0270] The first sheet may be clear glass with a thermally aerodynamic functional coating on the second side and the first top layer (adhesive, thermoplastic or crosslinked polymer) is tinted or clear.

[0271] The first mineral glass sheet may be based on silica, soda-lime, preferably silicosodo-lime, or even aluminosilicate, or even borosilicate. It may have a weight content of total iron oxide (expressed in the form Fe2Os) of at least 0.4% and preferably at most 1.5%.

[0272] The second mineral glass sheet may be based in particular on silica, soda-lime, silico-soda-lime, or aluminosilicate, or borosilicate. To limit absorption, it has a weight content of total iron oxide (expressed in the form Fe2Os) of at most 0.05% (500 ppm), preferably at most 0.03% (300 ppm) and at most 0.015% (150 ppm) and in particular greater than or equal to 0.005%. The redox of the second glass sheet is preferably greater than or equal to 0.15.

[0273] In this text, the light transmission is calculated from the transmission spectrum between 380 and 780 nm taking into account illuminant A and the CIE 1964 reference observer (10°).

[0274] The light transmission and tint of each glass sheet are adjusted by the chemical composition of the glass and the thickness of the glass sheet. The chemical composition of the glass includes a colorless base, preferably soda-lime-silica (but other glasses may be used, including borosilicate or aluminosilicate glasses), as well as a coloring part. The coloring part includes in particular one or more colorants chosen from transition metal oxides - including iron oxides (ferrous and ferric), cobalt oxide, chromium oxide, nickel oxide, rare earth oxides, including erbium oxide, and selenium.

[0275] A clear glass sheet is a sheet having, for example, a light transmission of at least 85%, or even at least 90%. It generally does not include any coloring part except for unavoidable impurities, in particular iron oxides, in a total content of between 0.005 and 0.200% by weight, in particular between 0.010 and 0.150% by weight, or even between 0.030 and 0.120% by weight.

[0276] A tinted glass sheet is a glass sheet having, for example, a light transmission of between 50 and 80%, in particular between 60 and 75%. It comprises a coloring part, for example, consisting of iron oxides, in a total content of between 0.4 and 1.2% by weight, in particular between 0.6 and 1.1% by weight. The glasses obtained are then green, possibly yellowish or blueish-green depending on the proportion of ferrous iron. According to other examples, cobalt oxide, selenium and / or erbium oxide are added in order to impart a tint, for example blue or gray.

[0277] A sheet of over-tinted glass is a sheet of glass having, for example, a light transmission of between 5 and 50%, in particular between 8 and 40%. It comprises a coloring part, for example, consisting of iron oxides, in a total content of between 1.0 and 2.3% by weight, in particular between 1.1 and 2.0% by weight, as well as cobalt and chromium oxides and / or selenium. The coloring part comprises, for example, the following colorants, in the weight contents defined below: Fe2Os (total iron) of 1.2 to 2.3%, in particular of 1.5 to 2.2%, CoO of 50 to 400 ppm, in particular of 200 to 350 ppm, Se of 0 to 35 ppm, in particular of 10 to 30 ppm. The redox is preferably between 0.1 and 0.4, in particular between 0.2 and 0.3. Redox is understood to mean the weight ratio between the ferrous iron content (expressed as FeO) and the total iron content (expressed as Fe2Os). The glasses obtained are in particular green or gray.

[0278] The second sheet may be made of organic glass, in particular based on polyurethane (PU) typically with n'v of approximately 1.47, polycarbonate (PC) typically with n'v of approximately 1.59, poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) typically with n'v of approximately 1.47, poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) with n'v of approximately 1.54.

[0279] The second organic glass sheet may be flexible to follow the curvature of the first curved sheet or the second organic glass sheet may be preformed.

[0280] With organic glass such as PC or PMMA, thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) or a cross-linked polymer material is preferred over PVB as the lower thermoplastic adhesive layer (for greater chemical compatibility). Thermoplastic or thermoset EVA can also be used.

[0281] The first glass sheet may preferably be tempered glass if the second sheet is organic glass. In the present invention, the expression tempered glass means thermally tempered glass in the absence of any precision, and preferably glass tempered during a glass bending operation.

[0282] The second face (in particular with a first colorless glass sheet and a top tinted adhesive layer, first additional layer or other layer) may have a functional coating (stack of thin layers etc.) athermal or heating, comprising an electrically conductive coating, (low emissivity, heating). The electrically conductive coating may be a stack of thin layers, with one or more metallic layers (silver etc.) between layers, for example of metal oxide or nitride or oxynitride. The electrically conductive coating is less than 200nm thick and even 160nm thick. The electrically conductive coating may be in contact with a possibly tinted layer which is:

[0283] - the first top layer preferably adhesive (thermoplastic or crosslinked polymer) -- an additional adhesive layer, thermoplastic (PVB etc) or crosslinked polymer, non-adhesive thermoplastic film (PET etc).

[0284] In particular the first sheet is made of clear or extra-clear mineral glass and the electrically conductive coating is in contact with a tinted layer which is cross-linked polymer adhesive (first upper adhesive layer) or thermoplastic adhesive (PVB, EVA etc) for example additional upper adhesive layer on the first upper cross-linked polymer adhesive layer.

[0285] A coating is low emissivity, in particular with the normal emissivity is preferably less than 0.50, in particular 0.30 and even 0.20 or even 0.10. It is preferably a stack of thin layers comprising at least one (in particular two, three or four) layer of silver (preferably on the second face or on a film between the second face and the first upper additional layer) or a layer of a transparent conductive oxide (preferably on the F4 face), in particular chosen from tin and indium oxides, zinc oxides doped with aluminum or gallium or tin oxides doped with fluorine or antimony. These functional layers are generally interposed between dielectric layers based on oxides, nitrides and / or oxide nitrides. The thermal comfort of the occupants is further improved by the presence of such a stack, particularly for a roof, stack on the F4 face based on ITO.

[0286] The invention also relates to a vehicle, in particular a road or automobile vehicle, incorporating the luminous glazing defined above.

[0287] In the mounted position in the motor vehicle, in the case of a laminated roof the fourth face is preferably the inner face of the motor vehicle, conventionally referred to as face F4. The roof may be opening or fixed. The first sheet may be the outer sheet in particular, the glazing is chosen from a roof, a windshield, a side window, or the first sheet is the inner sheet in particular, the glazing is chosen from a windshield, a side window, a rear window, a rear door glazing.

[0288] Laminated glass is generally curved, particularly in one or two directions, in order to integrate perfectly with the vehicle body.

[0289] The invention also relates to a method. The manufacture of the luminous glazing according to the invention may comprise:

[0290] - an assembly of the first glass sheet (preferably mineral), the first lower layer, the intermediate layer (preferably non-adhesive thermoplastic film or glass), the first upper layer and the second glass sheet, the first lower and / or upper layer is a PSA film or a so-called post-adhesive film made of partially photocrosslinked polymer material before assembly or a coating on a polymer support (thermoplastic, non-adhesive) or glass (ultra-thin) in particular a support forming the first upper or lower layer or even said intermediate layer.

[0291] The manufacture of luminous (laminated) glazing according to the invention may comprise:

[0292] - an assembly of the first glass sheet (preferably mineral), the first lower layer, the intermediate layer (preferably non-adhesive thermoplastic film or glass), the first upper layer and the second glass sheet (mineral or organic), the method comprises, before assembly, the liquid deposition of a crosslinkable adhesive, in particular photocrosslinkable, of the first adhesive layer, lower and / or upper (on the second and / or first glass sheet or the intermediate layer and preferably the method comprises photocrosslinking of the first lower and / or upper layer, in particular by UV(A).

[0293] Assembly refers to the stacking of different elements.

[0294] The lamination of the luminous glazing according to the invention may comprise an operation which allows the adhesive contacting of crosslinked polymer adhesive layer(s) according to the invention of the lamination interlayer (first lower and / or upper adhesive layer, additional lower and / or upper adhesive layer) with the second and third faces, for example. If the crosslinked polymer adhesive layer(s) is of the PSA type, the adhesive contacting is carried out by simple contacting (with one or the second and third faces or with one or the first lower and / or upper layers).

[0295] Preferably, the lamination of the luminous glazing according to the invention comprises at least degassing of the assembled elements (already in adhesive contact or in non-adhesive contact) to avoid bubbling and pressure is applied to the assembled elements.

[0296] After assembly, the lamination of the luminous glazing according to the invention may thus involve, for example, degassing (oven, etc.) and autoclaving (positive pressure). The lamination may involve a step of (photo)crosslinking of crosslinked polymer adhesive layer(s) (first lower and / or upper adhesive layer, additional lower and / or upper adhesive layer), possibly already partially photocrosslinked before assembly, for example using a UVA source.

[0297] The autoclave cycle may be at room temperature, at a temperature in a range of 30-50°C at a pressure in a range of 2 to 5 bars and for a duration of at most 1 hour, in particular at least 15 minutes.

[0298] When the luminous glazing according to the invention comprises a thermoplastic adhesive layer, such as PVB, the lamination of the glazing according to the invention comprises a vacuum, and a pressurization with heating, the lamination step leading to the thermoplastic adhesive layer being brought into adhesive contact with the adjoining layer, for example the second face (and on the other side in contact with the intermediate layer or first upper layer). A crosslinked polymer adhesive layer according to the invention (first lower and / or upper adhesive layer, additional lower and / or upper adhesive layer) can be obtained from a crosslinkable adhesive (by UV or two-component crosslinkable by chemical reaction) which is deposited on a surface. A pre-crosslinking step (UV or advancement of the chemical reaction) is advantageous in order to gel the crosslinkable adhesive.Then a vacuum is created to evacuate the trapped air and complete the crosslinking to obtain good adhesion.

[0299] In short:

[0300] - in the case of a lamination interlayer comprising one or more OCA films and free of thermoplastic adhesive film, the manufacturing process for the luminous glazing according to the invention may comprise lamination by calendering or using a vacuum press, followed by autoclave treatment (to eliminate residual air bubbles and optimize adhesion).

[0301] - in the case of an interlayer comprising at least one thermoplastic adhesive film (in addition to an OCA film or even an OCA coating), the method for manufacturing the luminous glazing according to the invention may comprise lamination by autoclave treatment, for example at temperatures of 110 to 160°C and under a pressure ranging from 10 to 15 bars; and even, prior to the autoclave treatment, the air trapped between the glass sheets and the lamination interlayer is eliminated by calendering or by vacuum.

[0302] Other details and advantageous characteristics of the invention will appear on reading the examples according to the invention illustrated by the following figures.

[0303] [Fig. 1] represents a schematic sectional view of a luminous laminated glazing unit for a motor vehicle according to the invention in a first embodiment.

[0304] [Fig. 1'] represents a schematic front view of the glazing of Figure 1.

[0305] [Fig. 2] represents a schematic sectional view of a luminous laminated glazing unit for a motor vehicle in a second embodiment. [Fig. 2'] represents a schematic sectional view of the luminous laminated glazing unit for a motor vehicle which is a roof mounted in a vehicle.

[0306] [Fig. 3] represents a schematic sectional view of a luminous laminated glazing unit for a motor vehicle in a third embodiment.

[0307] [Fig. 3'] represents a schematic front view of the glazing of Figure 3.

[0308] [Fig. 4] represents a schematic sectional view of a luminous laminated glazing unit for a motor vehicle in a fourth embodiment.

[0309] [Fig. 5] represents a schematic sectional view of a luminous laminated glazing unit for a motor vehicle in a fifth embodiment.

[0310] [Fig. 5'] represents a schematic front view of the glazing of Figure 5.

[0311] [Fig. 6] represents a schematic sectional view of a luminous laminated glazing unit for a motor vehicle in a sixth embodiment.

[0312] [Fig. 7] represents a schematic sectional view of a luminous laminated glazing unit for a motor vehicle in a seventh embodiment. [Fig. 7'] represents a schematic front view of the glazing unit of Figure 7.

[0313] [Fig. 8] represents a schematic sectional view of a luminous laminated glazing unit for a motor vehicle in an eighth embodiment. [Fig. 8'] represents a schematic front view of the glazing unit of Figure 8.

[0314] [Fig. 9] represents a schematic sectional view of a luminous laminated glazing unit for a motor vehicle in a ninth embodiment.

[0315] [Fig. 10] represents a schematic sectional view of a luminous laminated glazing of a motor vehicle in a tenth embodiment.

[0316] [Fig. 11] represents a schematic sectional view of a luminous laminated glazing of a motor vehicle in an eleventh embodiment.

[0317] [Fig. 12] represents a schematic sectional view of a luminous laminated glazing of a motor vehicle in a twelfth embodiment by injection of peripheral light.

[0318] [Fig. 13] represents a schematic sectional view of a luminous laminated glazing unit for a motor vehicle in a thirteenth embodiment.

[0319] Please note that for the sake of clarity, the various elements of the objects represented are not necessarily reproduced to scale.

[0320] Figure 1 represents a schematic sectional view of a luminous laminated glazing unit for a motor vehicle 100 according to the invention in a first embodiment (by injection of peripheral light). Figure 1' represents a schematic front view of the glazing unit 100 of Figure 1. This is a laminated glazing unit 100 which is here, for example, a rectangular and curved car roof, which comprises:

[0321] - a first sheet of glass 1, forming here an external sheet, for example rectangular (of dimensions 300X300 mm for example), with a composition for a tinted solar control function (VENUS VG10 or TSA 4+ glass marketed by the company Saint-Gobain Glass) for example of thickness equal to 2.1 mm, or is a clear glass, with a first main face 11 corresponding here to the face F1 a second main face 12 on the inner side corresponding here to F2, coated with an athermal coating (if clear glass)16' or even heating etc, and an edge (longitudinal slices 10 and 10'), with a refractive index nv for example of at least 1.5 in the visible

[0322] - a 3-layer lamination interlayer (multi-layer), polymer (transparent), in particular adhesive multi-layers (for example here 2 layers),

[0323] - a second sheet of glass 2, here of the same dimensions as the glass 1, forming internal glazing, on the passenger compartment side, made of mineral glass here, having a third main face 11 corresponding to the face F3 and a fourth main face 12 which is here the face F4, and an edge (longitudinal slices 21 and 22) - of thickness equal for example to 2.1 mm or even thinner, of refractive index n'v for example of at least 1.5 in the visible

[0324] The second face 12 comprises an internal masking layer 7 forming a masking frame, for example a black enamel (deposited on the second face 12), delimiting a window clear 16 (daylight) here rectangular (see figure 1'). It may be desirable to have a peripheral, opaque internal masking layer 7' on the fourth main face 14, in particular congruent or of a width less than the width of the internal masking layer 7 and adjacent to the possible athermal layer 15.

[0325] The second glass sheet 2 is preferably silico-calcium, in particular colorless, even clear or extra-clear like Diamant glass marketed by the company Saint-Gobain Glass, n'v being of the order of 1.52 to 550nm or Optiwhite glass of 1.95mm.

[0326] The second glass sheet 2 possibly comprises an athermal stack with ITO 15 on the fourth face 14 here F4.

[0327] The lamination interlayer comprises an upper part, here single-layer (or multi-layer, for example 1 or 2 or 3 adhesive layers and even adhesive films) and a lower part (here single-layer (or multi-layer, for example 1 or 2 or 3 adhesive layers and even adhesive films), in adhesive contact with the third face (bare or already coated).

[0328] So it includes:

[0329] - a first upper layer 31 which is a polymer, thermoplastic (PVB, EVA, TPU) or crosslinked polymer (OCA type) adhesive layer, in particular a film or coating deposited on the second coated face, first upper layer 31 (possibly tinted) with a refractive index n1 in the visible, - a first lower layer 32 which is a polymer, thermoplastic (PVB, EVA, TPU) or crosslinked polymer (OCA type) adhesive layer, in particular a film or coating deposited on the third face, first lower layer 32 (preferably clear) with a refractive index n'1 in the visible.

[0330] The first upper layer 31 is at least 1 pm (in particular if OCA coating) or 30 pm (in particular if OCA film), in particular the first upper layer is preferably submillimeter.

[0331] The first lower layer 32 is at least 1 pm (in particular if OCA coating) or 30 pm (in particular if OCA film), in particular the first lower layer is preferably submillimeter.

[0332] The thickness of the first upper and / or lower layer can be adapted for a mechanical contribution. For simplicity, these are layers 31, 32 of the same polymer and even of the same thickness. Layer 31 can be tinted with an additional coloring agent.

[0333] The first upper layer 31 and / or upper layer 32 has edges which extend for example to the edges 10 to 22 of the glasses 1, 2. For example the lamination interlayer and even the laminated glazing has a haze of at most 1%.

[0334] Between (and in contact with) the first upper layer 31 and / or upper layer 32, there is an intermediate layer 3, with first and second slices 30, 30' here longitudinal possibly offset from the longitudinal slices 10, 10' towards the center of the glass (therefore set back). The intermediate layer 3 has a thickness E0 of at most 2mm or even 1mm and at least 200pm with a refractive index nO in the visible, with n0-n1 which is at least 0.04 in the visible or even at least 0.1 or at least 0.15 or 0.2 or 0.25 and in particular n1 <nv, et n0-n’1- qui est d’au moins 0,04 voire d’au moins 0,1 ou d’au moins 0,15 ou 0,2 ou 0,25 et en particulier n’1 <n’v.

[0335] This layer 3 is a thermoplastic film (polyester, PET, PC etc) or glass (UTG etc) or a thermoplastic adhesive film (PVB etc), forming part (central) of the lamination interlayer. We choose n1, n'1 as a function of nO or vice versa. For example, if n1 is at most 1.43, we choose nO of at least 1.47, if n1 is at most 1.4, we choose nO of at least 1.44.

[0336] To form the first lower and / or upper layer in the form of OCA coating 31, 32, the following resins may be mentioned as low refractive index (photo)crosslinkable liquid adhesive:

[0337] - based on urethane acrylate, for example from the company Norland, in particular the product called LOCA Norland NOA 1315 (refractive index 1.315) which is an aliphatic urethane acrylate,

[0338] - based on fluorourethane acrylate, for example from the company Shin-A, in particular the product called SFA 335 (refractive index 1.335-1.339) or SFA 387 (refractive index 1.385-1.389), - based on acrylate, for example in particular the product called UZ181A (refractive index 1.47) from the company AKChemTeck, or the product called UVEKOL S15 (refractive index 1.44) from the company Allnex.

[0339] A PSA film based on acrylate includes the product called CS986 (refractive index 1.47) from Nitto.

[0340] As a silicone-based PSA film, we can mention the product called Opt Alpha Gel from the Taica company (refractive index 1.41).

[0341] We can have as configurations two OCA layers on either side of layer 3 (film 3 in particular non-adhesive (polyester, PET, PC) in particular all based on acrylate preferably to avoid chemical pollution:

[0342] -coating 31 / film 3 including non-adhesive / coating 32

[0343] - OCA 31 film / film 3 including non-adhesive / OCA 32 coating

[0344] - OCA 31 coating / film 3 including non-adhesive / OCA 32 film

[0345] - OCA 31 film / film 3 including non-adhesive / OCA 32 film

[0346] -OCA 31 film / film 3 including non-adhesive / OCA 32 film.

[0347] We can have as alternative configurations:

[0348] - OCA coating 31 / film 3 including non-adhesive / PVB or EVA 32

[0349] - PVB film 31 / film 3 including non-adhesive / OCA coating 32

[0350] - PVB film 31 / film 3 including non-adhesive / PVB film 32

[0351] - PVB or EVA film 31 / film 3 including non-adhesive / EVA film 32.

[0352] EVA has a lower refractive index than TPU and can be preferred for lamination to a glass sheet, particularly organic glass.

[0353] As an OCA film, it can be a self-supporting crosslinked polymer film chosen in particular from:

[0354] - pressure-sensitive film, preferably with acrylate,

[0355] - or a so-called post-adhesive film of partially photocrosslinked polymer before assembly and photocrosslinked, and preferably with acrylate,

[0356] With a so-called post-adhesive film, the adhesive contact results from the continuation of photocrosslinking. Before continuing crosslinking, the assembled glazing is placed under vacuum for degassing, then placed in an autoclave under pressure - positive pressure 2-4 bars - for example and possibly at a temperature above ambient.

[0357] In particular, pressure-sensitive adhesive (PSA) film adheres by contact after applying mechanical pressure.

[0358] This OCA film (PSA or post adhesive) 31 and / or 32 can be locally textured for extraction (extractor film) as described later.

[0359] Furthermore, if necessary, a so-called PVB framing layer (not shown) can surround the periphery of the edge of the intermediate layer. One or both of the first lower and upper layers 31 and 32 can be PVB layers extending beyond the edges 30', 30 of the layer 3 and even without a discernible interface with the framing layer between these extending edges of the layers 31 and 32.

[0360] The glazing is of simple design, particularly if OCA layers 31, 32 and by the choice of a single lower interlayer 32 and upper 31 there is less risk of chemical incompatibility between different interlayer or non-adhesive polymer materials.

[0361] A light source 4 is optically coupled with the intermediate layer forming a light guide. The light ray (after refraction on the coupling edge 30) propagates by total internal reflection in the intermediate light guide layer due to the choices of nO, n1 and n'1.

[0362] Light-emitting diodes 4 extend along the longitudinal coupling edge 30 of the intermediate layer 3. The light injection is peripheral and via the edge of the intermediate layer 3. These are front-emitting diodes. Thus, these diodes 4 are aligned on a PCB support 5, for example a parallelepiped strip. The PCB support 5 is spaced apart or in contact with the edge 30 of the intermediate layer 3 and / or fixed, for example, by glue (or double-sided adhesive) to the glazing via the edge 10 or 21 or to the edge 21 and / or even to the face F4.

[0363] The injection of light from the light source into the intermediate layer 3 is here via a slice of the intermediate layer 3 or alternatively via a wall of a closed hole in the intermediate layer 3. The slice 30 may have a notch.

[0364] The edges 310 and 320 of the layers 31 and 32 may be aligned or not (in particular protruding) from the coupling edge 30.

[0365] Alternatively, the light source may be one or more primary sources (diodes, etc.) coupled directly to a guide, along the coupling edge 30, for example an extractor optical fiber with a light exit zone (texturing of the optical fiber, etc.).

[0366] The luminous glazing 100 may have a plurality of extraction zones 6 for the guided light, in particular of given geometry (rectangular, square, round, etc.).

[0367] Examples of light extraction methods include:

[0368] - a texturing of a so-called textured element chosen from the intermediate layer, or at least one of the first upper and lower layers 31, 32, or even an extractor film inserted between one of the first upper and lower layers 31, 32, and the intermediate layer 3

[0369] - or a diffusing layer comprising a binder and diffusing particles and / or pores, inserted between one of the first upper or lower layers 31, 32 and the intermediate layer.

[0370] For example, for the light extraction means, this is a diffusing layer 6 (screen-printed, for example, an enamel on glass 3 or an ink on PET 3) on the second and / or third sides. Layer 6 is here in the clear glass 16. Alternatively, it can be a local extractor film placed or glued locally on layer 3 (in relief or with a diffusing or mass-diffusing layer).

[0371] The extraction means are in the clear view 16 but could be peripheral, under the internal masking layer 7 and visible from the passenger compartment with a saving of a possible internal masking layer 7' on the fourth face.

[0372] For example, the distance between the extraction 6 and the diodes 4 is at least 10 or 40 mm. For example, the extraction 6 occupies from 10 to 100% of the window clear 16. As shown in Figure 1, it is possible to have a set of disjoint diffusing patterns 6, for example rectangular in shape. Several series of diodes 4 (one edge, two edges, three edges, over the entire periphery) can be provided, controlled independently and even of different colors. Diodes emitting white or colored light can be chosen for ambient lighting, reading lighting, etc. Red light can be chosen for signaling, possibly alternating with green light. The diode support 5 can be glued to the edge 30.

[0373] Furthermore, if necessary for protection purposes, a so-called framing layer (not shown) can surround the edge of the intermediate layer 3, preferably a thermoplastic or crosslinked polymer adhesive layer and in contact with the intermediate layer 3 and in adhesive contact with the third face and with the second face, in particular a framing layer offset from the glass clear. If this is the case, it may be preferred to limit losses that the injection is directly through the coupling edge without refraction in the framing layer. To do this, the framing layer 3 may be locally absent (hollowed out) in the coupling zone. Preferably, the emitting face of the diodes and the coupling edge 30 is at most 5 cm or even 5 mm or even in adhesive contact or not.

[0374] Alternatively, the light source may be an assembly comprising a primary diode and a guide or an optical fiber with extraction zone(s) facing the coupling edge 30.

[0375] Preferably the second sheet 2 and / or any other layer being colorless on the side of the extracted light observer (interior in the passenger compartment here, or exterior outside the vehicle).

[0376] The thickness between the first face and the fourth face is preferably at most 9mm or 7mm, particularly for this road vehicle.

[0377] The front and rear side edges 3', 3” of the intermediate layer 3 may be set back from the front 20 and rear 20' side edges of the first or second glass sheet.

[0378] The longitudinal edges 30, 30' of the intermediate layer 3 may be set back from the longitudinal edges 10, 21, 10', 22 of the first or second glass sheets.

[0379] Preferably the intermediate layer 3 occupies at least 90% of the main surface of the glazing.

[0380] Alternatively to glass for the second sheet, an organic glass, for example a PC, can be used, and preferably the first sheet of glass is then tempered. The roof 100 can form, for example, a fixed luminous panoramic roof of a motor vehicle such as a car, mounted from the outside on a body.

[0381] This laminated luminous glazing 100 can alternatively form a windshield with internal light signaling (pictogram etc.) in particular for driving assistance. The diffusing layer 6 (or any other extraction means) forms for example an anti-collision signal in particular along the lower longitudinal edge. For example, the light comes on (red) when a vehicle in front is too close.

[0382] This laminated luminous glazing 100 can alternately form a front or rear quarter light or even a front windshield with luminous decoration or external luminous signaling. The diffusing layer 6 forms, for example, a turn signal repeater or a LOGO. In these latter cases, the second colorless glass sheet (preferably mineral) is the exterior glazing (fourth face is face F1, third face is face F2) and the first glass sheet is the interior glazing (tinted or colorless) with the first face being face F4, and the second face being face F3.

[0383] Figure 2 represents a schematic sectional view of a luminous laminated glazing unit for a motor vehicle 200 in a second embodiment (by injecting peripheral light here via a slice). Figure 2' represents a schematic sectional view of the luminous laminated glazing unit 200 for a motor vehicle which is a roof mounted in a vehicle.

[0384] This 200 glazing differs from 100 glazing in that:

[0385] - the diodes 4 are side-emitting under a peripheral part 121 of the second face 12 and masked from the outside by the internal masking layer 7, and even glued to the part 121 by a glue 60 (double-sided tape etc.)

[0386] - the second sheet of glass 2 is possibly smaller than the first sheet (edge ​​21 set back from edge 10

[0387] -it is encapsulated by a polymeric encapsulation 8 in particular flush with the first sheet 1 which can be pierced (hole towards the passenger compartment etc.) to dismantle the light source 4.

[0388] The roof can form, for example, a fixed luminous panoramic roof 200 of a motor vehicle such as a car, mounted from the outside on the bodywork 8' via an adhesive 61' as shown in figure 2'.

[0389] Figure 3 represents a schematic sectional view of a luminous laminated glazing unit of a motor vehicle 300 in a third embodiment (by injection of peripheral light). Figure 3' represents a schematic front view of the glazing unit of Figure 3.

[0390] This glazing 300 (in particular a roof) differs from the glazing 100 in that the light source (side-emitting diodes 4 here and PCB support 5) has been inserted between the second face 12 and the third face 13, for example, in a cavity of the intermediate layer 3. The rear face of the support 5 may be glued, in adhesive contact with the first upper adhesive layer 31. It is possible to have, alternatively (or cumulatively) to a linear light source of the diode strip type 4, more local light sources in peripheral holes 17 of the intermediate layer 3, for example along the rear lateral edge 20' (or front) of the glazing. The diode support 5 may protrude from the glass edge 10 and / or 21, keeping the diodes in contact with the guide 3.

[0391] Alternatively, the coupling edge 30 is set back sufficiently to place all or part of the light source (diodes and diode support).

[0392] We can also have extraction means between layer 3 and the second face, light extraction for the interior or exterior (depending on the glazing).

[0393] The extraction means 6 or 6' are in the clear view but could be peripheral, under the internal masking layer in an area without an internal masking layer 7'.

[0394] Figure 4 represents a schematic sectional view of a luminous laminated glazing unit of a motor vehicle 400 in a fourth embodiment (by injection of peripheral light). This glazing unit 400 (for example a roof) differs from the glazing unit 100 in that:

[0395] - the diodes 4 are side-emitting under a peripheral part 121 of the second face 12 and masked from the outside by the internal masking layer 7, and even glued to the part 121 by a glue 60 (double-sided tape etc.)

[0396] For example, the second sheet of glass 2 is possibly smaller than the first sheet 1 (edge ​​21 set back from edge 10).

[0397] Figure 5 represents a schematic sectional view of a luminous laminated glazing unit of a motor vehicle 500 in a fifth embodiment (by injection of peripheral light). Figure 5' represents a schematic front view of the glazing unit of Figure 5.

[0398] This glazing 500 (for example a roof) differs from the glazing 100 in that the coupling edge 30 is set back sufficiently to place all or part of the light source (diodes 4 and diode support 5) between the second and third faces 12, 13.

[0399] Furthermore, for protection and / or support purposes, a so-called framing layer 9 surrounds the periphery of the edge of the layer 3 forming a guide and is in adhesive contact with the layer 3 and in adhesive contact with the first lower and upper layers 31, 32 extending beyond the edge 30 or, alternatively, with the third face and with the second face.

[0400] The framing layer 90 is for example made of PVB.

[0401] The inner edge of the framing layer 90 is offset from the glass clear, under the inner masking layer 7. In addition, the light source (diodes 4 and diode support 5 are housed in a II-section (or L-section) profile, with a base 80 and returns 81, 82 plated or glued to the first lower and upper layers 31, 32 projecting from the edge 30 or alternatively with the third face and with the second face. Here the profiled module and light source 4 is connected to the framing layer 90 so that between the coupling edge 30 and the diodes there is an area with the framing layer 90.

[0402] To limit losses, it may be preferred that the light injection be directly through the coupling edge without refraction in the framing layer 90. To do this, the framing layer 90 may be locally hollowed out in the coupling zone.

[0403] Figure 6 represents a schematic sectional view of a luminous laminated glazing of a motor vehicle 600 in a sixth embodiment (by injection of peripheral light via the coupling edge 30).

[0404] This glazing (for example a roof) 600 differs from glazing 100 mainly in that:

[0405] - the coupling edge 30 is set back, providing a groove 41 between the layers 31 and 32, the diodes 4 and the support 5 housed in a profile with a base 80, and a return 81 in the groove 41

[0406] - in the upper part of the interlayer, a (first and here only) additional upper adhesive layer 33 is added between the second face and the first upper adhesive layer 31 (preferably OCA) for example for mechanical reinforcement, in particular layer 33 which is a thermoplastic film of PVB for example of 0.38 or 0.76mm or TPU or even an EVA (thermoplastic or thermoset).

[0407] Cumulatively or alternatively, a lower (first) additional adhesive layer can be added between the first lower polymer layer 32 (adhesive, OCA or thermoplastic) and the third face 13, for example, for mechanical reinforcement. In particular, the lower (first) additional adhesive layer is a thermoplastic film of PVB, for example 0.38 or 0.76 mm or TPU or even an EVA (thermoplastic or thermoset). In particular, EVA is chosen if the second sheet is an organic glass.

[0408] Figure 7 represents a schematic sectional view of a luminous laminated glazing unit for a motor vehicle 700 in a seventh embodiment. Figure 7' represents a schematic front view of the glazing unit 700.

[0409] This glazing (for example a roof) 700 differs mainly from the previous glazing 600 in that the diodes are embedded in the intermediate layer 3 or in a cavity of the coupling edge 30. Another light source 4' has been added on another PCB support 5' (here in two separate or possibly connected pieces), on an edge along the longitudinal edge 22 opposite the first edge 21. For example, the colors or the on / off triggers can be varied. In the case where the internal masking layer 7 is not sufficiently opaque to mask the diodes 4, an opaque element can be added between the diodes and the internal masking layer 7.

[0410] The diode support 5 (or 5') can protrude from the glass edge 10 and / or 21, keeping the diodes in contact with the guide 3.

[0411] Alternatively (or cumulatively) to a linear light source of the diode bar type 4, it is possible to have more local light sources in peripheral holes 17 of the intermediate layer 3, for example along the front lateral edge 20 of the glazing.

[0412] Figure 8 represents a schematic sectional view of a luminous laminated glazing unit of a motor vehicle 800 in an eighth embodiment. Figure 8' represents a schematic front view of the glazing unit 800.

[0413] This glazing (for example a roof) 800 differs mainly from the glazing 100 in that the coupling edge 30 is set back, forming a groove 41, the side-emitting diodes 4 and the support 5 are in the groove 41. The edge 320 of the first lower layer 32 is set back here, for example has a notch, for inserting the diode support.

[0414] Figure 9 represents a schematic sectional view of a luminous laminated glazing unit of a motor vehicle 900 in a ninth embodiment.

[0415] This glazing (for example a roof) 900 thus differs from glazing 100 by the injection of light and the location of the light source 4.

[0416] Diodes 4 (here front-emitting) on ​​a diode support 5 are opposite (or offset) the fourth main face 14 and the optical coupling with the intermediate layer 3 (preferably thermoplastic film, for example polyester, PET, PC or ultra-thin glass) is done via a light redirection element for guidance, local such as an optical redirector film 9, facing the internal masking layer 7 between the guide layer 3 and the first upper layer 31 preferably adhesive and even OCA.

[0417] For example, it is a polymer prismatic film 9 (polyester, in particular PET, PC) with preferably reflective prisms 91 and a part (surface opposite the textured surface) flat 92, for example film with a thickness of 100 to 300 pm, preferably at most 150 pm. The prismatic film 9 forms a longitudinal strip like the linear diode light source 4 along a longitudinal edge 21 of the roof for example.

[0418] This prismatic film 9 comprises, for example, prisms formed by texturing the polymer or, alternatively, by texturing a layer (resin, etc.) - on a flat polymer film -, prisms coated with a reflective conformal layer (metallic, etc.). The prismatic film 9 is placed or glued onto the layer 3 forming a guide, prisms oriented towards the second face 12 and, for example, prisms filled with OCA 31 glue (LOCA or film). It is a flexible film, therefore curved, adapting to the curvature of the glazing.

[0419] This prismatic film 9 and / or the light source 4 is for example at most 100 mm from the glass clear and / or preferably at least 10 or 20 mm.

[0420] Alternatively, the prisms 91 are oriented towards the third face 13 instead of the second face 12.

[0421] Alternatively, the first upper layer 31 is recessed (does not cover the prismatic film 9) and even the prisms are spaced or against or stuck to the masking layer 7.

[0422] Alternatively, the prismatic film 9 is transparent, between the first lower layer 32 and the intermediate layer 3, prisms oriented towards the face F3 (planar face in contact with the intermediate layer 3) or prisms oriented towards the face F2 in contact with the intermediate layer 3 (planar face in contact with the first lower layer 32).

[0423] Figure 10 represents a schematic sectional view of a luminous laminated glazing of a motor vehicle 1000 in a tenth embodiment.

[0424] This glazing (for example a roof) 1000 thus differs from the glazing 900 mainly in that in the case where the internal masking layer 7 is not sufficiently opaque to mask the diodes 4, an opaque element 83 is added between the prismatic film 9 and the internal masking layer 7.

[0425] If present, the ITO 15-based layer has, for example, a 15' spacing in line with the light source 4.

[0426] Alternatively, the prismatic film 9 is transparent, between the first lower layer 32 and the intermediate layer 3, prisms oriented towards the face F3 (planar face in contact with the intermediate layer 3) or prisms oriented towards the face F2 in contact with the intermediate layer 3 (planar face in contact with the first lower layer 32).

[0427] Figure 11 represents a schematic sectional view of a luminous laminated glazing of a motor vehicle in an eleventh embodiment.

[0428] This glazing (for example a roof) 1100 thus differs from the previous glazing 1000 in that in the upper part of the interlayer, a (first and here only) additional upper adhesive layer 33 is added between the second face 12 and the first upper adhesive layer 31 (preferably OCA) for example for mechanical reinforcement, in particular additional upper adhesive layer 33 which is a thermoplastic adhesive film of PVB for example of 0.38 or 0.76 mm or TPU or even an EVA (thermoplastic or thermoset).

[0429] Cumulatively or alternatively, a lower (first) additional adhesive layer can be added between the first lower polymer layer 32 (adhesive, OCA or thermoplastic) and the third face 13, for example, for mechanical reinforcement. In particular, the lower (first) additional adhesive layer is a thermoplastic adhesive film of PVB, for example 0.38 or 0.76 mm or TPU or even an EVA (thermoplastic or thermoset). In particular, EVA is chosen if the second sheet 2 is an organic glass.

[0430] Alternatively, the prismatic film 9 is transparent, between the first lower layer 32 and the intermediate layer 3, prisms oriented towards the face F3 (planar face in contact with the intermediate layer 3) or prisms oriented towards the face F2 in contact with the intermediate layer 3 (planar face in contact with the first lower layer 32).

[0431] Figure 12 represents a schematic sectional view of a luminous laminated glazing of a motor vehicle 1200 in a twelfth embodiment.

[0432] This glazing 1200 differs mainly from the previous glazings in that a first (and only) additional lower adhesive layer 34, polymer, is added between the lower polymer layer 32 and the third face 13. For example, the additional lower adhesive layer 34 provides mechanical reinforcement, in particular it is a PVB film, for example 0.38 or 0.76 mm or EVA or TPU.

[0433] The lower layer 32 can then be OCA adhesive or thermoplastic.

[0434] For example, we have the following stacking between faces 12 and 13:

[0435] - PVB 33 ​​ / thermoplastic film (athermal etc.) or OCA film (PSA film etc.) 31 / film 3 / thermoplastic film 3 or OCA film 32 / PVB 34

[0436] - PVB or EVA or TPU 33 / thermoplastic film or OCA film (PSA film etc) 31 / LOCA film or coating 3 / thermoplastic film or OCA film 32 / EVA or TPU 34 (if organic sheet 2).

[0437] Figure 13 represents a schematic sectional view of a luminous laminated glazing of a motor vehicle in a thirteenth embodiment.

[0438] This glazing 1300 differs from the previous glazing in that the following are added between the upper layer 31 and the second face 12 in this order:

[0439] - a first additional upper layer 33, polymer which is adhesive, OCA (in particular film) or thermoplastic, or a thermoplastic film (non-adhesive) such as PET or glass (non-adhesive film supporting LOCA or athermal, tinted, barrier film between OCA and adhesive thermoplastic etc.), in particular tinted,

[0440] - a second additional upper adhesive layer 35 polymer, OCA or thermoplastic (PVB etc) in particular tinted.

[0441] For example, we have the following sequence of layers: PVB 35 / thermoplastic film (barrier or athermal or LOCA support etc.) such as PET 33 / OCA film or coating (possibly tinted) 31.

[0442] And are added between the lower layer 32 and the third face in this order: - a first additional lower layer 34, polymer (adhesive, OCA or thermoplastic, or a thermoplastic film (non-adhesive))

[0443] - a second additional lower adhesive layer 36 polymer.

[0444] For example, we have the following sequence: OCA coating or film (possibly tinted) 32 / thermoplastic film (barrier or LOCA support etc.) such as PET 34 / PVB 36.

[0445] We could have an asymmetrical structure with three layers 31, 33, 35 and two layers 32, 34 or the reverse: three layers 32, 34, 36 and two layers 31, 33.

[0446] In all embodiments illustrated:

[0447] - at least one of the layers 31, 33, 35 can be tinted

[0448] - and / or the first sheet 1 be tinted and / or colorless with an athermal coating (silver stacking etc.).

[0449] When the diode support (the diode strip) 5 is between the second and third faces, it can be force-mounted and / or wedged by means of spacers, spacers between the second face 12 and the support 5 or a profile housing the support and / or between the third face 13 and the support 5 or a profile housing the support.

[0450] The second glass sheet (inner) can be made of organic glass, for example PC, PMMA.

Claims

CLAIMS 1. Luminous glazing for vehicles, particularly road vehicles (100 to 1300) comprising laminated glazing, preferably curved, comprising: - a first sheet (1), made of mineral or organic glass, with a first main face (11) and a second main face (12) - a second sheet (2), made of mineral or organic glass, with a third main face (13) and a fourth main face (14), - a polymer lamination interlayer (31 to 36), - a first upper layer (31) with a refractive index n1 in the visible, - a first lower layer (32) with a refractive index n'1 in the visible, - between the first lower and upper layers, and in contact with, an intermediate layer (3) with a refractive index nO in the visible, with n0-n1 which is at least 0.04 in the visible, and n0-n'1 which is at least 0.04 in the visible, the first upper layer being between the second face and the intermediate layer the first lower layer being between the intermediate layer and the third face - a light source (4) optically coupled with the intermediate layer forming a light guide, - light extraction means (6, 6'), light guided in the intermediate layer, the intermediate layer is a thermoplastic or glass film or a thermoplastic adhesive film, forming part of the lamination interlayer, the intermediate layer has a thickness E0 of at most 2mm and at least 200pm, characterized in that at least one of the first lower and upper layers (31, 32) is adhesive and made of crosslinked polymer material, forming part of the lamination interlayer.

2. Luminous vehicle glazing according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the intermediate layer (3) is a thermoplastic or glass film.

3. Luminous vehicle glazing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the other of the first lower or upper layers (31, 32) is adhesive, preferably made of crosslinked polymer or thermoplastic, forming part of the lamination interlayer, in particular first lower or upper layers based on the same polymer.

4. Luminous vehicle glazing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first lower and upper adhesive layers (31, 32) are crosslinked polymer layers, in particular based on the same polymer, n1 and n'1 is at most 1.48 and even at most 1.4 and preferably the difference in absolute value between n'1 and n1 is at most 0.04, the intermediate layer is preferably a thermoplastic film or glass with nO of at least 1.5 and even at least 1.

52.

5. Luminous vehicle glazing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first upper and / or lower layer (31, 32) is adhesive made of crosslinked polymer material, the crosslinked polymer material is chosen from polymers based on polyacrylate, in particular urethane acrylate or fluorourethane acrylate or fluoro-silicone acrylate, polysiloxanes, silicone, in particular polydimethylsiloxane, epoxy polymer or polyepoxides, polyurethane, polyvinyl acetate, polyester and in particular the crosslinked polymer material of the first upper and / or lower layer is chosen from a polymer based on acrylate, in particular urethane acrylate or silicone acrylate or based on silicone, and the polymer furthermore having a fluorinated function.

6. Luminous vehicle glazing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first lower and / or upper adhesive layer (31, 32) is a self-supporting crosslinked polymer film chosen in particular from: - pressure-sensitive film, preferably with acrylate, in particular based on polyacrylate or silicone acrylate or urethane acrylate, the crosslinked polymer material further having a polymer with preferably a fluorinated function - or a so-called post-adhesive film of partially photocrosslinked polymer before assembly, and photocrosslinked, and preferably with acrylate, in particular based on polyacrylate or silicone acrylate or urethane acrylate, the crosslinked polymer material also having a polymer with preferably a fluorinated function.

7. Luminous glazing for a vehicle, in particular a road vehicle, according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first lower adhesive layer and / or the first upper adhesive layer is a crosslinked polymer adhesive coating which is on the intermediate layer, in particular which is a thermoplastic or glass film, or on a support, in particular a thermoplastic film.

8. Luminous vehicle glazing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises between the second face and the first upper layer, preferably adhesive, an additional upper adhesive layer which is a thermoplastic adhesive film, in particular tinted and in contact with the second face, bare or coated with a functional coating, preferably electrically conductive, in particular heating or athermal.

9. Luminous glazing for a vehicle, in particular a road vehicle, according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises between the second face and the third face the following stack of your choice: - (first PVB or EVA sheet) / first crosslinked polymer adhesive top layer / intermediate layer which is thermoplastic or glass film / first crosslinked polymer adhesive bottom layer / (PVB or EVA or TPU) - (first PVB or EVA sheet) / first crosslinked polymer adhesive top layer / intermediate layer which is thermoplastic or glass film / first adhesive bottom layer / (PVB or EVA or TPU) - (first PVB or EVA sheet) / first upper adhesive crosslinked polymer layer / intermediate layer which is thermoplastic or glass film / first lower layer / (PVB or EVA or TPU) in particular PVB) / first upper adhesive crosslinked polymer layer / intermediate layer which is glass film / first lower silica layer in particular porous / (second PVB or EVA or TPU sheet), - (first PVB or EVA sheet) / first adhesive top layer / intermediate layer which is thermoplastic or glass film / first crosslinked polymer adhesive bottom layer / (second PVB or EVA or TPU sheet), - (first PVB or EVA sheet) / first upper layer / intermediate layer which is thermoplastic or glass film / first lower adhesive crosslinked polymer layer / (second PVB or EVA or TPU sheet), in particular (first PVB / EVA sheet) / first upper silica layer in particular porous / intermediate layer which is glass film / first lower adhesive crosslinked polymer layer / (second PVB or EVA or TPU sheet), and preferably the first upper layer and / or the first lower layer is an adhesive film in particular PSA.

10. Luminous glazing for a vehicle, in particular a road vehicle, according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that between the intermediate layer and the third face, the glazing is free of a thermoplastic adhesive layer and / or between the intermediate layer and the second face the glazing is free of a thermoplastic adhesive layer.

11. Luminous glazing for a vehicle, in particular a road vehicle, according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first sheet is tinted and / or the first upper layer is tinted and / or an additional upper adhesive layer is tinted, and in that preferably the second sheet of glass is colorless and / or the first lower layer is colorless.

12. Luminous vehicle glazing according to claim 1 characterized in that the first upper layer is adhesive made of crosslinked polymer material and the first lower layer is a thermoplastic polymer film of submillimetric thickness or a coating, in particular of possibly porous silica, the first lower layer is in contact with the intermediate layer which is said thermoplastic adhesive film and with an additional lower adhesive layer, crosslinked polymer or thermoplastic, on the third face or in that the first lower layer is adhesive made of crosslinked polymer material and the first upper layer is a thermoplastic polymer film of submillimetric thickness or a coating, in particular of possibly porous silica, the first upper layer is in contact with the intermediate layer which is said adhesive film thermoplastic and with an additional adhesive top layer, crosslinked polymer or thermoplastic, on the second side.

13. Luminous vehicle glazing according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the first upper layer is a thermoplastic film, optionally fluoropolymer, with a thickness of at least 30 μm and submillimetric, bonded to the second face by at least one additional upper adhesive layer made of crosslinked polymer or thermoplastic material or two upper adhesive layers, a first made of crosslinked polymer material and a second made of thermoplastic polymer material bonded to the second face, preferably a thermoplastic film chosen from: - locally diffusing film, particularly textured on the intermediate layer side - functional film: athermal or heating, comprising an electroconductive coating, low emissivity, heating, electroconductive coating on the second side - tinted film.

14. Luminous vehicle glazing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one optical film is between the intermediate layer and one of the first upper or lower layers, in particular crosslinked polymer adhesive layer, and the same optical film in contact with the intermediate layer, and in that the optical film, in particular polymer, is chosen from: - so-called extractor film, forming a means of extracting guided light - and / or local redirecting film, in particular a reflective prismatic film, in particular between the intermediate layer and the first upper layer or transparent prismatic film, preferably between the first lower layer and the intermediate layer, forming means for redirecting light in the intermediate layer coming from a light source (4) on the fourth face or even offset from the glazing.

15. Luminous glazing for a vehicle, in particular a road vehicle, according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the light extraction means (6, 6') comprise: - a texturing of a so-called textured element chosen from the intermediate layer, or at least one of the first upper or lower layers, preferably an adhesive layer, in particular a crosslinked polymer, or an extractor film inserted between at least one of the first upper and lower layers, preferably an adhesive layer, in particular a crosslinked polymer, and the intermediate layer - or a diffusing layer comprising a binder and diffusing particles and / or pores, inserted between at least one of the first upper and lower layers and the intermediate layer - a local diffusing zone of the intermediate layer comprising diffusing particles and / or pores, in particular laser engraving of a glass film.

16. Luminous vehicle glazing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an injection of light from the light source into the intermediate layer, in particular thermoplastic or glass film, preferably a light source comprising a set of light-emitting diodes (4) on a diode support (5), is: 1) by a slice of the intermediate layer or a wall delimiting a closed hole of the intermediate layer, the light source preferably being under the second face and even between the second face and the third face, 2) or by a light redirection element (9), local such as an optical redirection film, in particular a reflective prismatic film, in particular between the adhesive intermediate layer and the first upper layer or transparent prismatic film, preferably between the first lower layer and the intermediate layer, the light source then being opposite or offset from the fourth main face, in particular the light source and light redirection element offset by a window clear.

17. Luminous vehicle glazing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the light source comprises a set of diodes (4) on a diode support (5), in particular a diode support entirely or partially between the second and third faces, a diode support preferably curved and / or protruding from the edge of the glazing.

18. Luminous vehicle glazing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a so-called framing layer surrounds the periphery of the intermediate layer edge and / or of the first lower and upper layers, preferably crosslinked polymer adhesive, preferably a framing layer which is thermoplastic or crosslinked polymer adhesive and in contact with the intermediate layer and / or with the first lower and upper layer(s) and even possibly is in adhesive contact with the third face and even with the second face, in particular a framing layer offset by a window clear.

19. Luminous glazing for a motor vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises an internal, peripheral, opaque masking layer between the third face and the second face, and even covering the periphery of the intermediate layer, in particular in contact with the second main face, in particular defining a window clear and in that it optionally comprises, in particular when the second sheet is an interior glazing, an internal, peripheral, opaque masking layer on the fourth main face, in particular congruent or of a width less than the width of the internal masking layer.

20. Luminous glazing for a vehicle, in particular a road vehicle, according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first sheet is the external sheet, in particular, the glazing is chosen from a roof, a windshield, a side window, or in that the first sheet is the internal sheet, in particular, the glazing is chosen from a windshield, a side window, a rear window, a rear door glazing, in particular the external sheet is made of mineral glass.

21. Vehicle, in particular a road vehicle, incorporating at least one luminous glazing unit according to one of the preceding claims.

22. Method for manufacturing luminous glazing for a vehicle, in particular a road vehicle, according to one of claims 1 to 20, comprising an assembly of the first glass sheet, the first lower layer, the intermediate layer, the first upper layer and the second glass sheet, and the first lower and / or upper layer is a PSA film or a so-called post-adhesive film made of a polymer material that is partially (photo)crosslinked before assembly or is a coating on a polymer or glass support, in particular forming said intermediate layer.

23. Method for manufacturing luminous glazing for a vehicle, in particular a road vehicle, according to one of claims 1 to 20, comprising an assembly of the first glass sheet, the first lower layer, the intermediate layer, the first upper layer and the second glass sheet, the method comprising, before assembly, the liquid deposition of a crosslinkable adhesive, in particular photocrosslinkable, of the first adhesive layer, lower and / or upper.

Images