Modular construction kit system for producing and sealing a cable or pipe feedthrough

Abstract

The invention relates to a modular construction kit system for producing and sealing a cable or pipe feedthrough (16) in a wall (17), comprising: - a plurality of jacket tubes (1), each of which forms an axial through-channel (4) for guiding through an individual cable or pipe (18) and is closed by a sealing element (2) having a sealing membrane (3) which can be pierced and which is designed to sealingly surround, from all sides, a cable or pipe (18) penetrating the membrane; and - a plurality of mounting panels (6) which can be interconnected and which each comprise one or more cut-outs (7) which is / are each designed to receive and at least temporarily fix one of said jacket tubes (1) having an outer diameter corresponding to the cut-out (7); - wherein the plurality of cut-outs (7) in the mounting panel (6) are arranged and designed, in relation to radial outer dimensions of the associated jacket tubes (1), in such a way that a gap, to be filled with a wall-producing material, remains between the jacket tubes (1) which are fixed at directly adjacent cut-outs (7).

Description

[0001] Modular system for producing and sealing a cable duct

[0002] FIELD OF THE INVENTION

[0003] The invention relates to a modular system and a corresponding method for producing and sealing a cable duct, for example, for cables or pipes that are to be routed through a wall. The wall can be, for example, a side wall, ceiling, or floor of a building. In particular, this can involve a fire-protection-compliant seal for the cable duct, especially against smoke gases and / or heat transfer.

[0004] BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0005] Various types of casting devices and fire-protection cable boxes are known in the art for the fire-protection-compliant sealing of pipe or cable penetrations through a building wall. They generally comprise a penetration sleeve that is cast into concrete (casting devices) or installed in another way in a wall section to be constructed or a wall opening to close it off and thereby form a passageway for lines such as cables or pipes. The passageway must generally be sufficiently sealed against smoke, heat, gases, and other media that may develop in the building in the event of a fire. This is intended to largely prevent the spread of fire and harmful fire products such as smoke and gases from an affected room to other rooms through the line penetration.

[0006] So-called sleeves (or insert sleeves) are often used for cable penetrations. Very simple sleeves consist of a metal sheathing tube that forms a recess, similar to a through-hole, when concreting the wall, and a sealant to seal the cables routed through this recess. More efficient sleeve solutions usually consist of a metal frame with fire protection and sealing functions. These sleeves are usually inserted into a through-hole provided in the bare concrete wall or bare concrete ceiling after completion and subsequently secured and sealed, for example, using a mounting frame.

[0007] However, the systems mentioned above are usually not completely smoke-tight when used to feed through pipe or cable bundles. This is because the gaps and spaces that arise on and between the individual cables in a bundle cannot usually be completely sealed. To solve this problem, sleeves with an internal structure divided in cross-section are known, particularly in the area of ​​building entry, to allow a separation solution, i.e. individual cable sealing. These systems are optimized for tightness, with the separation usually only taking place in the area of ​​the outer sealing layer. In the case of additional fire protection requirements, suitable additional measures of a known type can also be used to ensure fire tightness and thermal insulation.The problem with these and other known systems is usually that a relatively large sleeve or box is used compared to the diameter of a single line (such as a cable or pipe). This sleeve / box is usually universally designed and constructed to accommodate as many cables / pipes as possible, but it must also function as a seal even with so-called zero occupancy. Consequently, the fire protection measures used in them are designed for the maximum range of applications and are therefore oversized in most cases. For example, with the separation solution mentioned above, the largest single sleeve must be used, which is designed for around a dozen different cables with varying diameters, even if only a few cables are to be installed.

[0008] Further systems for the fire-protection-compliant production and / or sealing of cable penetrations are known, for example, from US 2007283644, CN 201536237, US 2019120409, US 2016123002, US 2014020315, and DE 10331743.

[0009] It is an object of the present invention to provide a system and a corresponding method for producing and sealing a cable duct, which can offer an optimum with regard to at least some and ideally all of the following aspects: simple sealing; good tightness; cost-effectiveness in production, in material use and for the user; flexible adaptability to individual needs of the user; and low space requirement.

[0010] SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0011] This object is achieved by a modular system according to claim 1 for producing and sealing a cable feedthrough, as well as by an associated method and a cable feedthrough produced thereby according to the independent claims. Further embodiments are specified in the dependent claims. All features and effects described herein for the modular system also apply accordingly to the method and the cable feedthrough, and vice versa.

[0012] The cable penetration can, in particular, concern electrical cables, but also pipes or other types of cables that are to be routed through a fire compartment. The cable penetration can, in particular, be created in a (concrete) wall to be constructed or a wall opening to be sealed. The wall can, for example, be a side wall, ceiling, or floor of a building. In particular, this can involve a fire-protection-compliant seal for the cable penetration, especially against smoke gases and / or heat transfer.

[0013] According to a first aspect, a modular system for manufacturing and sealing a cable penetration is provided. This modular system solves the problems and tasks mentioned above. In particular, it allows the user to individually adapt the cable penetration to their needs, for example, with regard to the number and diameter of the cables to be passed through and sealed, while maintaining a consistently reliable sealing function and simplifying the manufacture and sealing of the cable penetration.

[0014] For this purpose, the modular system includes the following two types of building elements, which ideally come in different sizes:

[0015] Firstly, the kit comprises a plurality of sheathing tubes, i.e. elongated cylindrical hollow bodies, each sheathing tube forming an axial passageway in its longitudinal direction for the passage of a single line. In its initial state, before the line is laid, the passageway is closed by a sealing element on one or both ends of the sheathing tube. The sealing element has a pierceable sealing membrane which is designed to be pierced by a single line (cable or pipe) when it is inserted into the passageway and to seal the pierced line again on all sides without any further action. The sealing membrane can be made from any material suitable for this functionality, in particular elastically stretchable material, such as soft PVC (polyvinyl chloride), rubber, etc., with a thickness selected depending on the respective diameters of the sheathing tube and the line to be pierced.The sheathing tubes can, in principle, have any cross-sectional shape, in particular circular, oval, or polygonal, and especially rectangular. The sheathing tubes can be provided in the modular system, in particular, with several different sheathing tube diameters and / or cross-sectional shapes, in order to be suitable for cables of various diameters and / or cross-sectional shapes. The correct selection of a suitable sheathing tube that ensures the function described above can be ensured, for example, by the supplied tables or labels on the sheathing tubes that indicate suitable cable diameters and / or materials, especially for inexperienced users.

[0016] Secondly, the modular system comprises a plurality of mounting plates (also referred to as base plates), in particular pairs of similar or identical mounting plates and / or mounting plates that can be connected to one another edge to edge to form an enlarged surface. Each mounting plate has one or more cutouts. Each cutout is designed to accommodate and at least temporarily secure one of the sheathing tubes from the modular system, with an outer diameter and a corresponding cross-sectional shape corresponding to the cutout. The cutouts are expediently designed to position and secure the sheathing tubes with their axis essentially perpendicular to a mounting plate surface or mounting plate plane. The cutouts can be designed in particular as through holes, in the case of reusable mounting plates that can be removed after the cable feedthrough has been created, but alternatively also as blind holes, etc.If a mounting plate has several recesses, these are arranged and designed with respect to the radial outer dimensions of the associated cladding tubes in such a way that a radial distance and thus a space remains between the cladding tubes, which are fixed to directly adjacent recesses, which can be filled in particular by a flowable wall-forming material (such as concrete, etc.) when constructing a wall or closing a wall opening.

[0017] In particular, the modular system can comprise a plurality of mounting plates which can be fastened to one another edge to edge to form a surface-assembled mounting plate and which have identical or differently designed recesses in the same or different numbers and / or arrangements from mounting plate to mounting plate. Here, too, the recesses in the individual mounting plates are arranged and designed with respect to the radial outer dimensions of the associated cladding tubes in such a way that a radial distance remains between the cladding tubes, which are fixed to directly adjacent recesses of two interconnected mounting plates, and thus a space for filling with a flowable wall-forming material (such as concrete, etc.). This can, for example, contribute to ensuring sufficient cooling and / or external sealing of the cladding tubes.

[0018] The main function of the mounting plates is to position the ducts before and during the construction of the wall or when closing a wall opening in which the cable penetration is to be created. For this purpose, the mounting plate with the ducts fixed to it can be attached, for example, to a formwork that is used to pour and cure a flowable wall-forming material (particularly concrete) for the respective wall section. After the wall has cured, the mounting plates can be removed from the finished wall section, for example together with the formwork, and reused. However, this is not mandatory. It is also possible for the mounting plates to remain permanently in the wall or concrete ceiling. In this case, the mounting plates can be manufactured as simply as possible and with the least amount of material, for example from recycled material.Furthermore, the mounting plates may be made of plastic or metal or any other material suitable for the functionality described herein.

[0019] One of the key features of this modular system lies not only in its flexible adaptability to the user's individual size and quantity requirements through its modularity, but also in the separation principle and the particularly efficient structural concept of its implementation. Firstly, each cable to be laid is provided with its own duct, with at least one sealing membrane pierced by this cable, thus sealing the individual cable seamlessly from all sides. Secondly, each duct is encased in concrete (or another wall-forming material) after the structure (consisting of the required ducts and the mounting plates that secure them) has been cast.This allows each cable to be cooled significantly better via its own, appropriately dimensioned sheath, for example, in the event of a fire or other heat transfer, than, for example, an entire cable bundle in a single sleeve, where individual cables in the bundle have significantly less contact with the surrounding cool concrete (or other wall-forming material).

[0020] Design options, associated effects and advantages of the proposed modular system are given below.

[0021] In practice, the user typically already has an electrical plan in place before individual walls in the building are erected, detailing which cables and other lines should or can be routed through which walls. Based on this plan, the user of the modular system, for example an electrician, can prepare the cable trays and conductor trays accordingly during installation work prior to the migration direction by selecting the appropriate empty sheathing ducts from the modular system, positioning them using the appropriate mounting plates as described herein, and installing them in the required wall section by pouring or concreting them in. The user can use the modular system to individually design the design of the cable penetration with regard to the number, size, and mutual arrangement of individual passage ducts / sheathing ducts for individual lines, and adapt this flexibly to their specific wishes and requirements.

[0022] According to one embodiment, at least some of the mounting plates of the modular system each have at least one connecting element for fastening them to one another. This allows the assembled mounting plates to be fixed next to one another in a suitable arrangement, in particular to ensure predetermined suitable spacing for the cladding tubes attached thereto and / or to obtain a stable and / or compact assembly.

[0023] In particular, each of these mounting plates (and ideally each mounting plate of the modular system) can have at least two connecting elements that are designed to complement one another and are designed and arranged in the same way in each mounting plate, so that connecting elements of two mounting plates can be brought into positive engagement by interlocking to fasten them to one another. In this way, for example, a modularity of the modular system can be achieved in a particularly simple manner, in which, for example, all mounting plates can be connected to one another in any combination to form a composite mounting plate with an enlarged surface and number of recesses. This type of connecting element can also be particularly simple with regard to the manufacture of the modular system and / or handling during assembly.

[0024] As already mentioned, at least some of the recesses can be designed as through-holes in the mounting plates. In this configuration, the associated sheathing tubes can be at least partially inserted into the respective recess for their fixation to the mounting plate. In particular, the passage channel of the respective sheathing tube can remain uncovered by the mounting plate, so that the mounting plate can remain in the wall, for example, even after the wall section with the cable feedthrough has been completed (one-way mounting plate).

[0025] According to one embodiment, at least some of the cladding tubes have a circumferential shoulder on the outside at least at one of their two ends, which can be formed, for example, by a recess extending from the end face of the cladding tube to the shoulder or by a radial projection. The shoulder is arranged at a predetermined axial shoulder distance from the end face of the cladding tube, and the associated recesses of the mounting plates have an inner diameter that essentially corresponds precisely to an outer diameter of such an associated cladding tube in its axial end section beyond the shoulder. In other words, in this embodiment, the cladding tube can be inserted into the recess up to the stop against its shoulder, which not only significantly simplifies the assembly process but also increases the robustness and / or precision of the positioning of the cladding tubes on the mounting plates.

[0026] According to one embodiment, at least some of the cladding tubes can have at least one intumescent element on the inside and / or outside, which can be designed to comply with predetermined fire protection measures. For this purpose, the intumescent element can be designed, for example, as a circumferential strip made of or with an intumescent material, i.e. one that foams under the influence of heat and additionally closes the passage channel on the inside or outside. In this case, the outside intumescent element can in particular be arranged at a predetermined axial undercut distance from the respective end face or, if applicable, from the above-mentioned shoulder of the cladding tube in order to form an undercut in the wall-forming material (concrete, etc.) that is subsequently filled.According to one embodiment, at least in some of the cladding tubes, the respective sealing membrane can be arranged in its non-punctured state with a predetermined axial membrane offset from the associated end face in the cladding tube. Such a recessed membrane arrangement in the cladding tube can reliably prevent, for example, unintentional membrane damage, such as when removing a liquid concrete layer (or other wall-forming material) with a power trowel or squeegee during wall construction.

[0027] In particular, at least one of the mounting plates can have one or more fastening elements for at least temporarily fastening the mounting plate to a wall-forming formwork. This can also simplify the process of producing the wall and the cable duct formed therein, described in more detail below, and / or increase the robustness of the assembly. In particular, such a fastening element can be designed as a through-hole for receiving a connecting element such as a nail, a screw, or a bolt.

[0028] According to one embodiment, at least some of the ducts can have, at least at one of their two ends, a locating element extending axially beyond the end face of the duct by a predetermined length, in particular in the form of locating hairs attached to the duct in a brush-like manner. Alternatively or additionally, at least one of the mounting plates can have, in an edge region of its surface, at least one locating element protruding from the mounting plate surface by a predetermined length, in particular in the form of locating hairs attached to the mounting plate in a brush-like manner. Such locating elements can facilitate the locating of the cable feedthrough after the assembly has been cast into a wall.

[0029] According to one embodiment, the cladding tubes on the one hand and the associated recesses of the mounting plates on the other hand are designed such that the respective cladding tube, in its state fixed to the mounting plate, does not project axially beyond a mounting plate surface facing away from the cladding tube. In particular, this

[0030] The mounting plate surface can even protrude a predetermined axial protective offset above the end face of the cladding tube attached to it. Such a recessed arrangement of the cladding tubes in the mounting plates can reliably prevent, for example, accidental damage to the cladding tube or membrane, such as when removing a liquid concrete layer (or other wall-forming material) with a power trowel or squeegee during wall construction.

[0031] In particular, the modular system can be designed to create and seal a cable duct against smoke and / or fire and / or other media such as heat and water, which could otherwise be transferred from room to room via the cable duct in the event of a fire or other accident. This can be achieved through individual features of the modular system described herein, in combination with a suitable choice of materials and / or with other protective measures and fire protection elements.

[0032] According to a further aspect, a method for producing and sealing a cable feedthrough using a modular system presented herein is provided. The method may, for example, comprise the following steps:

[0033] Selecting one or more of the mentioned ducts from the modular system in the number of lines to be laid and with duct diameters depending on the respective line diameters;

[0034] Selecting one or more mounting plates from the modular system, the recesses of which are designed for the selected ducts; if necessary, connecting the selected mounting plates to one another to form one (or two identical) composite mounting plate(s) with a mounting plate surface cumulatively composed of the interconnected mounting plates;

[0035] Fastening the selected mounting plates to a wall-creating structure, in particular a formwork intended to create a wall (in the most general sense, ie the wall can in particular represent a side wall, a ceiling or a floor of a building space) with the cable duct to be created;

[0036] Inserting the selected sheath tubes with their intended ends into the recesses provided for this purpose in the selected mounting plates;

[0037] Pouring a flowable and hardenable or solidifiable wall-forming material, in particular concrete, into the wall-forming structure and thus around the cladding tubes and into the spaces between the cladding tubes, and hardening or solidifying the wall-forming material, thereby creating a wall with cast-in cable penetrations in the form of the individual cladding tubes; and

[0038] Inserting a single cable to be laid into a sheathing pipe provided for this purpose, wherein at least one sealing membrane of the sheathing pipe is pierced by the cable, so that the cable is then sealed on all sides by the pierced sealing membrane without any further action.

[0039] In particular, pairs of identical mounting plates can be selected for assembly, and the cladding tubes can be secured at both ends to the corresponding recesses of the pairs of identical mounting plates before the wall-forming material is cast into the wall-forming structure. This allows for the creation of a particularly stable assembly consisting of two identical mounting plate arrangements and cladding tubes fixed between them.

[0040] In a specific process variant, the mounting plates are removed from at least one of the two ends of the ducts cast into the wall after the wall and the ductwork cast into it have been constructed. As already mentioned, however, this is not mandatory; the mounting plates can remain in place after the wall is completed, thus further stabilizing the ducts in addition to the concrete, etc.

[0041] According to a further aspect, a cable penetration is provided in a wall, which was manufactured using a method presented herein. If the cable penetration has multiple sheaths, the individual sheaths are each completely separated from one another by spaces filled with solidified wall-forming material such as concrete, etc., and / or, if appropriate, other filling or fire protection material.

[0042] The performance of the modular system presented here and the corresponding process for manufacturing and sealing cable penetrations was investigated through tests and compared with a conventional fire-protection cable box of the type mentioned above, which, when used as intended, can accommodate a total of approximately 20-30 cables with cable diameters of approximately 10-20 mm. The comparative tests have shown that a cable penetration based on the single-cable principle using the modular system presented here requires significantly less intumescent material to achieve the same performance with regard to fire protection requirements:

[0043] While the conventional fire-protection cable box requires approximately 100 g of intumescent material, the cable entry according to the present invention requires only approximately 2 g of intumescent material for fire-resistant sealing of a single cable with an outer diameter of, for example, 10 mm. Thus, while the conventional fire-protection cable box requires approximately 100 g for 30 cables, the present solution requires only 30 x 2 g = 60 g of intumescent material for the same number of cables. This allows for approximately 40% savings in intumescent material while maintaining the same fire resistance duration. Furthermore, the comparative tests demonstrated a better seal for the cable entry according to the invention compared to any available cable entry in a group arrangement.

[0044] These advantages are primarily based on the separation principle underlying the presented penetration concept based on the modular system. Each duct is enclosed in concrete after being cast in concrete. This allows the duct (as a type of individual penetration sleeve) to be cooled more effectively by the surrounding cool concrete than a cable bundle in a state-of-the-art fire-protection cable box, which has only minimal contact with the surrounding cool concrete. Another important advantage resulting from the concept presented here is that, for example, a tightness of almost 100% can be achieved with ceiling penetrations. The chimney effect known from conventional arrangements with continuous heat transport through the cable penetration can therefore be prevented with the modular system presented here and its sealing concept.

[0045] The cable itself stays cooler longer in each duct under the same test conditions, and the sealing elements at the top and ends of each duct are also exposed to lower temperatures. When selecting materials for the sealing elements, and thus for the respective sealing membrane, good temperature resistance is therefore significantly less critical than in conventional systems.

[0046] This, in turn, enables further, improved production options, such as two-component injection molding (2K injection molding) for the ducts. This allows different materials to be used for the ducts themselves and for their sealing elements in the modular system, which can be combined in a single production step:

[0047] - Hard, robust, impact-resistant plastic for the sheath to achieve a robust cable entry that can withstand mechanical stress; and

[0048] - Soft, elastically stretchable plastic for the sealing elements, and thus for the sealing membranes, in order to achieve the best possible sealing function.

[0049] On the other hand, the modular concept presented here based on the isolation principle can also achieve better approvals with regard to fire protection:

[0050] - A greater fire resistance rating, such as El 180, compared to the fire resistance rating El 90 achievable with conventional systems; or

[0051] - With a normal fire resistance rating of, for example, El 90, significantly less intumescent material is required; or

[0052] Smaller wall or ceiling thicknesses are also possible with the same fire resistance duration.

[0053] The following positive properties and effects can be guaranteed with the concept presented here:

[0054] - A pouring solution or pouring device; fire protection is installed first, no risk of misuse due to insufficient spacing of the pipes, no risk of misuse due to the use of insufficient fire protection material, easy inspection;

[0055] - Individually adaptable to any wall or ceiling penetration and number of cables;

[0056] - can be planned in advance (BIM);

[0057] - Very good smoke gas tightness due to individual pipe routing; - Longer fire resistance period;

[0058] - lower material usage for the intumescent material;

[0059] - lower bulkhead thickness.

[0060] SHORT DESCRIPTION OF THE CHARACTERS

[0061] The above aspects, embodiments, and specific configurations of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to the exemplary embodiments illustrated in the drawings. The drawings are schematic. They may, but do not have to, be to scale. They show:

[0062] Figure 1 shows a longitudinal section through a cladding tube as a component of a modular construction system according to an embodiment of the invention;

[0063] Figure 2 shows a top view of a mounting plate as part of a modular building block system according to an embodiment of the invention;

[0064] Figure 3 shows a perspective view of further cladding tubes of the modular system according to an embodiment of the invention;

[0065] Figure 4 is a plan view of two identical mounting plates of the modular system fastened to one another according to an embodiment of the invention;

[0066] Figure 5 is a plan view of five partially different mounting plates of the modular system fastened to one another according to an embodiment of the invention;

[0067] Figure 6 shows a longitudinal section of another example of a cladding tube of the modular system according to an embodiment of the invention;

[0068] Figure 7 shows a longitudinal section of another example of a cladding tube of the modular system according to an embodiment of the invention;

[0069] Figure 8 shows a perspective view of an assembly that may be present in one embodiment of the method according to the invention before the concrete is poured into the formwork; Figure 9 shows a longitudinal section of an example of a concreted cable penetration in a wall according to one embodiment of the invention, before the introduction of cables;

[0070] Figure 10 shows in a longitudinal section the cable feedthrough of Figure 9 after inserting one cable each into two of three passage channels;

[0071] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0072] All of the various embodiments, variants, and specific design features of the modular system, the associated method, and the cable feedthrough produced therewith according to the above aspects of the invention mentioned above in the description and in the subsequent claims can be implemented in the examples shown in Figures 1 to 10. Therefore, they will not all be repeated below. The same applies accordingly to the definitions and effects already given above with regard to individual features shown in Figures 1-10.

[0073] Fig. 1 shows, in a longitudinal section, an example of a single duct 1 as a component of a modular construction kit system (also called a kit for short) according to the first aspect of the invention. The kit can comprise several such and differently designed ducts 1 with different diameters (see Fig. 3). In this example, the duct 1 has a sealing element 2 at one of its two ends with a sealing membrane 3, for example made of soft PVC, rubber, etc., through which a line (shown only in Fig. 10) can pass. The sealing membrane 3 closes the passage 4 formed by the duct 1 and thereby seals it. Furthermore, in this example, an intumescent element 5 in the form of a circumferential intumescent fire protection strip is provided on the outside at another end of the duct 1. Fig. 2 shows, in a plan view, an example of a rectangular mounting plate 6 made of plastic or metal, etc., which is also part of a modular construction kit system according to the first aspect of the invention. In this example, the mounting plate 6 has three identical circular recesses 7, each of which is designed to receive and at least temporarily fix a respective cladding tube 1, for example from Fig. 1, with a cross-section and outer diameter corresponding to the recess 7. The kit can comprise a plurality of identically and / or differently designed mounting plates 6 with recesses 7, each in the same or different number, size and / or arrangement, which can in particular be connected to one another to form modularly assembled mounting plates (cf. Figs. 4-5).

[0074] In this example, the mounting plate 6 has two connecting elements 8 on each of its two long edges, which are designed to be complementary to one another and which are also designed and arranged in the same way in every other mounting plate 6 of the kit (cf. Figs. 4 and 5), so that connecting elements 8 of two mounting plates 6 can be brought into a positive connection by interlocking in order to fasten them to one another, as shown in Figs. 4 and 5. Furthermore, the mounting plate 6 has an optional fastening element 11 in each of its corners for at least temporary fastening to a wall formation formwork, for example a concrete formwork 12 of Fig. 8. Here, each fastening element 11 is designed as a through-hole for receiving a connecting body such as a nail, a screw or a bolt for fastening the mounting plate 6 to the concrete formwork 12 (cf. Fig. 8).

[0075] Fig. 3 shows, purely by way of example, a perspective view of three or more cladding tubes 1 of the modular system according to one embodiment of the invention, some with identical and some with different diameters. In the two identically designed, thicker cladding tubes 1, the sealing membrane 3, in its non-pierced state, is arranged at a predetermined axial membrane offset 9 from the associated end face 10 in the cladding tube 1. The purpose of the axial membrane offset 9 is explained further below with reference to Fig. 8.

[0076] Fig. 4 shows a plan view of a pair of identical rectangular mounting plates 6 similar to Fig. 2, which were fastened to each other edge to edge by means of pairs of complementary connecting elements 8 by means of a form fit.

[0077] Fig. 5 shows, also in a plan view, a further example of a total of five rectangular mounting plates 6 connected to one another in this way according to an embodiment of the invention with partly identical and partly different sizes and arrangements of the recesses 7. Otherwise, the same applies here as described with reference to Fig. 4.

[0078] Fig. 6 shows a longitudinal section of another example of a duct 1 of the modular system according to an embodiment of the invention, which can be used, for example, for a cable penetration in a side wall of a building. It differs from the duct 1 of Fig. 1 only in that it has an external intumescent element 5 in the form of a circumferential intumescent fire protection band (also called an intumescent strip) at both ends, a sealing element 2 with a sealing membrane 3 that seals the passage channel, and circumferential shoulders 13, which are described below with reference to Fig. 7.

[0079] Fig. 7 shows a longitudinal section through another example of a cladding tube 1 of the modular system according to one embodiment of the invention. It differs from the cladding tube 1 of Fig. 1 in that it has a circumferential shoulder 13 at both ends for improved connection to the mounting plates 6 of the modular system. In this example, the shoulder 13 is formed by a recess extending from the respective end face 10 of the cladding tube 1 to the shoulder 13 and serves to limit the depth when mounting the cladding tube 1 on a mounting plate 6. The intumescent element 5 is arranged in such a way (here at a predetermined axial undercut distance from the end face 10 and from the shoulder 13) that an undercut can be created in the concrete when encasing it.

[0080] Furthermore, the duct 1 in Fig. 7 has a locating element 14 extending axially beyond the end face or end side 10 of the duct 1 by a predetermined length. This element is in the form of brush-like whiskers molded onto the duct 1. These whiskers serve to locate the cable entry point if the entry point is no longer easily located from the outside during the wall casting process. Alternatively or additionally, such locating elements 14 (brush elements) could also be attached to the mounting plate 6, as shown in Figs. 9 and 10.

[0081] Fig. 8 shows a perspective view of an assembly 15 (also called a module) which, in a method according to the invention described above and in the claims, can be present shortly before the wall-forming material (here concrete) is poured into the concrete formwork 12. The assembly comprises two identical mounting plates, each composed of four individual mounting plates 6, each with three or four recesses 7 of different sizes, connected edge to edge, similar to Fig. 5, between which, in this example, eight cladding tubes 1 are positioned and fixed in the recesses 7, each of correspondingly different sizes. In Fig. 8, the lower of the two assembled mounting plates is provisionally fastened to the formwork 12 by means of fastening elements 11 (through holes with nails) for the duration of the concreting. As can be seen from this example, not all recesses 7 of the assembly 15 necessarily have to be filled with cladding tubes 1.

[0082] Fig. 9 shows, in a longitudinal section, an example of a concrete-in cable duct 16 in a wall 17 (here a ceiling), which was produced by a method according to the second aspect of the invention, before the introduction of cables 18 (such as cables or pipes, see Fig. 10). In this longitudinal section, the cable duct 16 has three passage channels, each provided for a single cable (cf. Fig. 10). To produce the cable duct 16, for example, an assembly 15 similar to that in Fig. 8 and its individual elements similar to those in Figs. 2 to 7 can be used, so that repeated description thereof is omitted. Before the introduction of the cables 18, all passage channels 4 are tightly closed by their sealing membranes 3.

[0083] Fig. 10 shows a longitudinal section of the cable penetration 16 of Fig. 9, which is concreted into the wall 17, after the installation of cables 18 in two of the three passage ducts 4 visible in this sectional view. As can be seen from the deflection of the respective sealing membrane 3, the "thicker" cable 18 (left in Fig. 10) was inserted from above, while the right, thinner cable 18 was installed from the underside of the ceiling: When the cable 18 was inserted, the respective sealing membrane 3 was pierced by the cable 18 and now seals it as shown, tightly fitting against the cable 18 from all sides.

[0084] Since the wall 17 (here the ceiling) is often worked on with a power trowel during concreting, the construction of the cable penetration 16 in Fig. 9 and 10 can optionally be made more robust on the top side to prevent damage to the sealing membranes 3. This can be solved in two ways: The sealing membrane 3 of the duct 1 can be arranged slightly recessed into the duct (cf. Fig. 3 and the associated description) so that it is not damaged. Alternatively or additionally, the mounting plate 6 can be designed such that it projects slightly beyond each duct 1 fixed to it (not shown). In the event of contact with the power trowel, only the mounting plate 6 is touched, but not the membrane 3.

Claims

PATENT CLAIMS Modular construction kit system for producing and sealing a line feedthrough (16), comprising: a plurality of sheathing tubes (1), in particular with different sheathing tube diameters, wherein each sheathing tube (1) forms an axial passage channel (4) on the inside for the passage of a single line (18) and is closed on at least one of its two end faces (10) by a sealing element (2), wherein the sealing element (2) has a pierceable sealing membrane (3) which is designed to sealably enclose a line (18) pierced through it from all sides;and a plurality of mounting plates (6), in particular identical in pairs and / or connectable edge to edge to form an enlarged surface, wherein each mounting plate (6) has one or more recesses (7) and each recess (7) is designed to receive and at least temporarily fix one of said cladding tubes (1) with an outer diameter corresponding to the recess (7); wherein the plurality of recesses (7) in the respective mounting plate (6) are arranged and designed with respect to radial outer dimensions of the associated cladding tubes (1) in such a way that a gap remains between the cladding tubes (1), which are fixed to directly adjacent recesses (7), to be filled by a wall-forming material. Modular system according to claim 1, which -a plurality of said mounting plates (6), which can each be fastened to one another edge to edge and have identically or differently designed recesses (7) from mounting plate (6) to mounting plate (6), in the same or different number and / or arrangement; wherein the recesses (7) of these mounting plates (6) are arranged and designed with respect to the radial outer dimensions of the associated cladding tubes (1) in such a way that a gap remains between the cladding tubes (1), which are fixed to directly adjacent recesses (7) of two interconnected mounting plates (6), for filling with a wall-forming material. System according to claim 2, wherein -these mounting plates (6) each have at least one connecting element (8) for fastening them to one another; and preferably each of these mounting plates (6) has at least two connecting elements (8) which are designed to be complementary to one another and which are designed and arranged in the same way in each mounting plate (6), so that connecting elements (8) of two mounting plates (6) can be brought into a positive connection by interlocking for fastening them to one another. System according to one of the preceding claims, in which at least some of the recesses (7) are designed as through-openings in the mounting plates (6), into which through-openings the associated cladding tubes (1) can be at least partially inserted for fixing them to the mounting plate (6); wherein the respective through-channel (4) preferably remains uncovered by the mounting plate (6). Modular system according to one of the preceding claims, in which at least some of the cladding tubes (1) have, on the outside at least at one of their two ends, a circumferential shoulder (13) which is arranged at a predetermined axial shoulder distance from the end face (10) of the cladding tube (1); and the associated recesses (7) of the mounting plates (6) have an inner diameter which corresponds essentially exactly to an outer diameter of such an associated cladding tube (1) in its axial end section beyond the shoulder (13), so that the cladding tube (1) can be inserted into the recess (7) until it stops against the shoulder (13).Modular system according to one of the preceding claims, in particular in conjunction with claim 5, in which at least some of the cladding tubes (1) have an intumescent element (5) on the inside and / or outside, which is preferably designed as a circumferential strip made of or with an intumescent material; wherein the intumescent element (5) is arranged, in particular on the outside, at a predetermined axial undercut distance from the respective end face (10) or, if applicable, from the said shoulder (13) of the cladding tube (1). Modular system according to one of the preceding claims, in which at least in some of the cladding tubes (1), the sealing membrane (3), in its non-pierced state, is arranged at a predetermined axial membrane offset from the associated end face (10) in the cladding tube (1). Modular system according to one of the preceding claims, in which. at least one of the mounting plates (6) has at least one fastening element (11) for at least temporary fastening to a wall-forming formwork (12); wherein the fastening element (11) is designed, in particular, as a through-hole for receiving a connecting body such as a nail, a screw, or a bolt. Modular system according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least some of the cladding tubes (1) have, at least at one of their two ends, a detection element (14) extending axially beyond the end face of the cladding tube (1) by a predetermined length, in particular in the form of detection hairs attached in a brush-like manner to the cladding tube (1); and / or at least one of the mounting plates (6) has, in an edge region of its surface, at least one detection element (14) protruding from the mounting plate surface by a predetermined length, in particular in the form of brush-like arrangement on the mounting plate. (6) attached detection hairs. Modular system according to one of the preceding claims, in which the sheath tubes (1) on the one hand and the associated recesses (7) of the mounting plates (6), on the other hand, are designed such that the respective cladding tube (1) in its state fixed to the mounting plate (6) does not project axially beyond a mounting plate surface facing away from the cladding tube (1); and this mounting plate surface preferably projects by a predetermined axial protective offset beyond the end face (10) of the cladding tube (1) fixed thereto. Modular system according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the modular system for producing and sealing a Cable duct (16) is designed to protect against smoke and / or fire. Method for producing and sealing a cable feedthrough (16) using a modular system according to one of the preceding claims, comprising the following steps: Selection of one or more of said sheathing pipes (1) from the modular system at least in the number of lines (18) to be laid and with sheathing pipe diameters dependent on the respective line diameters; Selecting one or more mounting plates (6) from the modular system, the recesses (7) of which are designed for the selected cladding tubes (1); optionally connecting some of the selected mounting plates (6) to one another to form one or two identical composite mounting plates with a mounting plate surface cumulatively composed of the interconnected mounting plates (6); Fastening the selected mounting plates (6) to a wall-forming structure, in particular a formwork (12) which is intended to produce a wall (17) with the cable duct (16) to be produced; Inserting the selected cladding tubes (1) with their ends provided for this purpose into the recesses (7) provided for this purpose in the selected mounting plates (6); pouring a flowable and solidifiable wall-forming material, in particular concrete, into the wall-forming structure and thus around the cladding tubes (1) and into the spaces between the cladding tubes (1), and solidifying the wall-forming material, whereby a wall (17) with the cable duct (16) cast therein in the form of the individual cladding tubes (1) is formed; and Inserting a single cable (18) to be laid into a sheath tube (1) provided especially for this purpose, wherein the at least a sealing membrane (3) of the cladding tube (1) is pierced by the line (18), so that the line (18) is then sealed on all sides by the pierced sealing membrane (3). Method according to claim 12, wherein pairs of identical mounting plates (6) are selected and the cladding tubes (1) are fixed at their two ends to the associated recesses (7) of the pairs of identical mounting plates (7) before the wall-forming material is cast into the wall-forming structure. Method according to claim 12 or 13, wherein the mounting plates (6) are removed from at least one of the two ends of the cladding tubes (1) cast into the wall (17) after the wall (17) has been formed.Cable duct (16) in a wall (17) produced by a method according to one of claims 12 to 14, wherein when the cable duct (16) comprises a plurality of sheathing tubes (1), the sheathing tubes (1) are each separated from one another by intermediate spaces filled by the solidified wall-forming material.

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