Shifting device and gear mechanism comprising a shifting device

Abstract

The invention relates to a shifting device and a gear mechanism comprising a shifting device. The shifting device comprises a gearwheel (3) which is rotatably mounted on a shaft (2), and an internal ring gear, wherein: the gearwheel has a running gear-type toothing and a driving gear-type toothing; an external toothing, in particular of a gearing part, is connected to the shaft for conjoint rotation therewith; and the ring gear is arranged such that it can be moved in the axial direction, in particular parallel to the direction of rotation of the shaft.

Description

[0001] Gearshift device and gearbox with gearshift device

[0002] Description:

[0003] The invention relates to a switching device and a transmission with a switching device.

[0004] It is generally known that in a transmission, gearing parts are in engagement with one another so that a torque flow can be passed from the first of the gearing parts to the second of the gearing parts.

[0005] From WO 2022 / 152 196 A1, a manual transmission is known as the closest prior art.

[0006] A device for guiding a torque is known from WO 2008 / 046 735 A2.

[0007] A shift drum is known from DE 10 2021 128 917 B3.

[0008] The invention is therefore based on the object of developing a transmission with precise shifting behavior.

[0009] According to the invention, the object is achieved in the switching device according to the features specified in claim 1 and in the transmission according to the features specified in claim 15.

[0010] Important features of the invention in the switching device are that the switching device has a gearwheel which is arranged rotatably mounted on a shaft, and has an internally toothed ring gear, wherein the gearwheel has a running toothing and a driving toothing, wherein an external toothing, in particular of a toothed part, is connected to the shaft in a rotationally fixed manner, wherein the ring gear is arranged displaceably in the axial direction, in particular parallel to the direction of the axis of rotation of the shaft.

[0011] The advantage of this is that it allows for precise control of the transmission's torque flow. Depending on the axial position, the torque flow can be passed through or not.

[0012] In an advantageous embodiment, in a first axial position of the ring gear, the internal toothing of the ring gear is in engagement with the external toothing of the toothed part and with the driver toothing of the gear, and in a second position of the ring gear, in particular which is spaced from the first position, the internal toothing is in engagement with the driver toothing of the gear, wherein the internal toothing is spaced from the external toothing in the axial direction, and in particular is therefore not in engagement with the external toothing, in particular wherein the first position is a first switching position and the second position a second switching position. The advantage here is that the torque can be passed through or not, depending on the position of the ring gear.

[0013] In an advantageous embodiment, the internal gearing is aligned coaxially with the driving gearing and the running gearing. The advantage here is that the internal gearing can be attached to both the driving gearing and the running gearing.

[0014] In an advantageous embodiment, the inner ring of the bearing is placed on the shaft and the outer ring of the bearing is accommodated in the gear, in particular wherein the bearing is designed as a rolling bearing, in particular wherein the bearing has the inner ring and the outer ring as well as rolling elements arranged between the inner ring and the outer ring. It is advantageous that the gear is rotatably mounted on the shaft. Thus, the axis of rotation of the gear is aligned coaxially with the axis of rotation of the shaft. However, the gear is not connected to the shaft in a rotationally fixed manner by means of the bearing, but the ring gear can be used accordingly, in particular depending on its axial position. The gear has at least two tooth sets, in particular a driver tooth set and a running tooth set, and it is in engagement with another toothed part of the transmission.The drive gear teeth, on the other hand, serve to establish the rotationally fixed connection by axially positioning the ring gear such that its internal teeth engage both with the drive gear teeth and with a gear tooth connected to the shaft in a rotationally fixed manner. The latter gear toothing is preferably mounted on a hollow gear part that can be rotationally fixedly connected to the shaft by means of a keyway.

[0015] In an advantageous embodiment, the driving toothing is radially spaced from the running toothing, in particular wherein the running toothing is arranged coaxially to the driving toothing, in particular wherein the driving toothing is arranged at a smaller radial distance than the running toothing. It is advantageous in this case that the driving toothing can have a different radial distance than the running toothing. Thus, for example, the same torque can be transmitted as with the running toothing if the driving toothing extends correspondingly longer axially. Conversely, however, the same torque can also be transmitted if the driving toothing is arranged radially outside the running toothing and is correspondingly shorter axially.

[0016] In an advantageous embodiment, the running gear teeth are axially spaced from the driving gear teeth. This is advantageous because the torque introduction into the driving gear teeth takes place axially spaced from the torque dissipation via the running gear teeth.

[0017] In an advantageous embodiment, the driving gear teeth are designed as external gear teeth and / or the running gear teeth are designed as external gear teeth. This is advantageous because it allows for simple manufacturing, particularly with involute gear teeth. In an advantageous embodiment, the driving gear teeth are designed as involute gear teeth. This is advantageous because it allows for simple manufacturing using a generating grinding process.

[0018] In an advantageous embodiment, the running gear is designed as an involute gear. This is advantageous because it can be easily manufactured using the generating grinding process.

[0019] In an advantageous embodiment, the ring gear has an annular groove, in particular, the annular groove being arranged on the outer circumference of the ring gear. Advantageously, the annular groove runs continuously around the radially outer circumference of the ring gear, thus ensuring that the engagement plate always has a space for engagement.

[0020] In an advantageous embodiment, an engagement plate protrudes into the annular groove and is movable in the axial direction, particularly by a manually operated spindle drive. This allows for a simple coupling, while also allowing for rotational play for the ring gear.

[0021] In an advantageous embodiment, the engagement plate has a friction lining on both axial sides, with which the engagement plate rests against the wall of the annular groove, in particular wherein the friction lining is in each case hollow cylindrical and / or shaped as a perforated disc and is held against the engagement plate by screws screwed into the engagement plate, in that the screw heads of the screws press against the friction lining on the side of the respective friction lining facing away from the engagement plate. The screws are preferably evenly spaced from one another in the circumferential direction. This has the advantage that the relative movement, in particular rotational movement, between the ring gear and the engagement plate is dampened and noise emissions are reduced or prevented.

[0022] In an advantageous embodiment, the spindle drive comprises a spindle screwed into a spindle nut, with a handwheel connected to the spindle for rotation. This is advantageous in that manual operation is possible and manufacturing is simple and cost-effective.

[0023] In an advantageous embodiment, the spindle is rotatably mounted by means of a bearing, wherein the inner ring of the bearing is placed on the spindle, wherein the outer ring of the bearing is received in or on a rod connected to the engagement plate and / or is connected to the rod in a rotationally fixed manner, in particular wherein the spindle nut is connected to a housing of the switching device in a rotationally fixed manner, in particular wherein the rod is connected to an engagement plate at its axial end region facing away from the handwheel, in particular which projects radially with respect to the central axis of the spindle nut. It is advantageous in this case that the spindle is supported and can therefore have a great length in the axial direction.

[0024] In an advantageous embodiment, the inner ring of the bearing is axially delimited by a nut screwed onto a threaded portion of the spindle, in particular, the threaded portion being located on the side of the bearing facing away from the threaded portion of the spindle in the axial direction. The advantage here is that the bearing can be secured.

[0025] In an advantageous embodiment, a locking device is arranged on the spindle, in particular with which the rotational movement of the spindle can be prevented. This is advantageous in that manual operation is only possible after the locking device has been released. This increases safety.

[0026] Important features of a transmission with a shifting device are that the teeth of the gearwheel mesh with the teeth of another gearing component. The advantage here is that the torque flow in the transmission can be interrupted, and in particular, switched, using the shifting device.

[0027] Further advantages emerge from the dependent claims. The invention is not limited to the combination of features in the claims. Further possible combinations of claims and / or individual claim features and / or features of the description and / or the figures will become apparent to those skilled in the art, particularly from the problem and / or the problem posed by comparison with the prior art.

[0028] The invention will now be explained in more detail using schematic illustrations:

[0029] Figure 1 shows a switching device according to the invention in an oblique view from a first viewing direction, wherein the teeth of the gear wheel 3 are not shown.

[0030] Figure 2 shows a portion of the switching device, with the teeth of gear wheel 3 not being shown.

[0031] Figure 3 shows a manual operation of the switching device in an oblique view.

[0032] Figure 4 shows a longitudinal section through the manual operation.

[0033] In Figure 5, the switching device is shown from a second viewing direction, wherein the teeth of the gear wheel 3 are not shown.

[0034] Figure 6 shows a longitudinal section through the switching device in a first switching position, wherein the teeth of the gear wheel 3 are shown.

[0035] Figure 7 shows an enlarged view of a portion of Figure 6.

[0036] Figure 8 shows the longitudinal section through the switching device in a second switching position, wherein the teeth of the gear wheel 3 are shown.

[0037] As shown in the figures, the switching device has two switching positions, so that a gear 3 is optionally coupled to a shaft 2 in a rotationally fixed manner or not.

[0038] For this purpose, by turning a handwheel 1, i.e. by manually operating the handwheel 1, a spindle 30 which is connected to the handwheel 1 in a rotationally fixed manner is set in rotation.

[0039] The rotational axis of the handwheel 1 is aligned coaxially with the rotational axis of the spindle 30. As clearly shown in Figure 4, the handwheel 1 is rotationally connected to the spindle 30, which is screwed into a spindle nut 43, in particular so that when the handwheel 1 is rotated, the spindle nut 43 is displaced relative to the spindle 30.

[0040] The spindle nut 43 is connected, in particular firmly connected, to a hollow bushing 31.

[0041] The end of the spindle 30 facing away from the handwheel 1 in the axial direction is rotatably mounted in a rod 4, in particular a drawbar, in particular in a blind hole of a rod 4, in particular a drawbar, by means of a bearing 40, in particular a roller bearing. For this purpose, the outer ring of the bearing 40 is received in the blind hole of the rod 4, and the inner ring of the bearing 40 is placed onto a cylindrical extension of the spindle 30. An end plate 41 is fastened to the end region facing the handwheel 1, in particular to the end face of the rod 4 facing the handwheel 1, in particular and covers the edge of the blind hole.

[0042] Preferably, the end plate 41 is attached to the rod 4 with bolts 42.

[0043] The spindle 30 has a screw thread at its axial end region facing away from the handwheel 1, onto which a nut 44 is screwed, which delimits the inner ring of the bearing 40.

[0044] When screwing the handwheel 1, the rod 4 is moved in the axial direction relative to the hollow bushing 31.

[0045] The rod 4 is connected at its axial end region facing away from the handwheel 1 to an engagement plate 6 which projects radially.

[0046] Thus, when the handwheel 1 is operated, the engagement plate 6 can be moved linearly.

[0047] The engagement plate 6 projects into an annular groove 63 on the outer circumference of an internally toothed ring gear 62. In particular, the annular groove 63 is open radially outward.

[0048] Thus, by moving the engagement plate 6 in the axial direction, the ring gear 62 is also movable in the axial direction. The internal toothing of the ring gear 62 is arranged in a first switching position of the switching device at such an axial position that the internal toothing is in engagement with an external toothing of a toothed part 64, which is non-rotatably connected, in particular by means of a key connection, to the

[0049] Shaft 2 is connected, and on the other hand in engagement with a driving toothing of the gear 3.

[0050] The drive toothing 61 is radially spaced from the running toothing 67 of the gear 3. However, the drive toothing 61 is also axially spaced from the running toothing 67.

[0051] In this first switching position, the area covered in the axial direction by the internal toothing of the ring gear 62 overlaps with the area covered in the axial direction by the driving toothing 61 of the gear wheel 3 and with the area covered in the axial direction by the external toothing of the toothed part 64.

[0052] The toothed part 64 is preferably designed in a ring-like manner and / or is attached to the shaft 2.

[0053] The gear 3 is rotatably mounted on the shaft 2 by means of a bearing 60, in particular a roller bearing. The outer ring of the bearing 40 is preferably received in the shaft 2, and the inner ring of the bearing 60 is placed on the shaft 2.

[0054] In a second switching position, the ring gear 62 is in a different axial position than in the first switching position. The internal teeth of the ring gear 62 are only in engagement with the driver teeth 61 of the gear 3 and not with the external teeth of the gear part 64.

[0055] In particular, the ring gear 62, in particular the internal toothing of the ring gear 62, is separated from the external toothing of the toothed part 64.

[0056] In this way, the gear is non-rotatably coupled to the shaft 2 in the first switching position and decoupled from the shaft 2 in the second switching position, in particular thus freely rotating relative to the shaft 2. The toothed part 64 is connected to the shaft 2 by means of a key connection, wherein the key 70 is arranged in a keyway of the shaft 2 and projects into a corresponding groove of the toothed part.

[0057] The engagement plate 6 has a friction lining 68 on both axial sides, which rests against the walls of the annular groove 63 and thus contributes not only to improving the contact but also to reducing noise emissions.

[0058] Changing the switching positions is preferably only permitted when the clutch is at a standstill or below a particularly low speed of shaft 2. Thus, the friction linings 68 are essentially not worn.

[0059] Preferably, the switching device is arranged in a gearbox, so that the gear 3, in the first switching position, transmits power to a second toothed part of the gearbox, the toothing of which is in engagement with the running toothing 67 of the gear 3, and in the second switching position, transmits no power to the second toothed part, although the running toothing 67 of the gear 3 is in engagement with the toothing of the second toothed part of the gearbox, since the gear 3 is then arranged to rotate freely relative to the shaft 2.

[0060] Preferably, the toothing of the second toothing part of the gear is axially wider than the running toothing 67 of the gear 3.

[0061] In further embodiments of the invention, the internal toothing of the ring gear 62 is formed from a different toothing instead of involute toothing. This allows for more cost-effective production.

[0062] 1 handwheel

[0063] 2nd wave

[0064] 3 gear

[0065] 4 Rod, especially pull rod

[0066] 5 Guide parts, especially guide rods

[0067] 6 engagement plate

[0068] 30 spindle

[0069] 31 socket

[0070] 32 locking device

[0071] 40 bearings, especially rolling bearings

[0072] 41 End plate

[0073] 42 bolts

[0074] 43 Spindle nut

[0075] 44 Mother

[0076] 60 warehouses

[0077] 61 Driving teeth

[0078] 62 ring gear

[0079] 63 Ring groove

[0080] 64 Gear part

[0081] 65 warehouses

[0082] 66 warehouses

[0083] 67 Running gear

[0084] 68 Friction lining

[0085] 70 key

Claims

Patent claims:

1. Switching device, wherein the switching device has a gear which is rotatably mounted on a shaft, and has an internally toothed ring gear, characterized in that the gear has a running toothing and a driving toothing, an external toothing, in particular of a toothed part, is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the shaft, wherein the ring gear is arranged displaceably in the axial direction, in particular parallel to the direction of the axis of rotation of the shaft.

2. Switching device according to claim 1, characterized in that in a first axial position of the ring gear the internal toothing of the ring gear is in engagement with the external toothing, in particular with the external toothing of the toothed part, and with the driver toothing of the gear and that in a second position, in particular which is spaced from the first position, of the ring gear the internal toothing is in engagement with the driver toothing of the gear, wherein the internal toothing is spaced in the axial direction from the external toothing, in particular therefore is not in engagement with the external toothing, in particular wherein the first position is a first switching position and the second position is a second switching position.

3. Switching device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the internal toothing is aligned coaxially with the driver toothing and the running toothing.

4. Switching device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inner ring of a bearing is placed on the shaft and the outer ring of the bearing is accommodated in the gear, in particular wherein the bearing is designed as a rolling bearing, in particular wherein the bearing has the inner ring and the outer ring as well as rolling elements arranged between the inner ring and the outer ring.

5. Switching device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the driver toothing is radially spaced from the running toothing, in particular wherein the running toothing is arranged coaxially to the driver toothing, in particular wherein the driver toothing is arranged at a smaller radial distance than the running toothing, in particular wherein the driver toothing is wider in the axial direction than the running toothing.

6. Switching device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the driver toothing is radially spaced from the running toothing, in particular wherein the running toothing is arranged coaxially to the driver toothing, in particular wherein the driver toothing is arranged at a greater radial distance than the running toothing, in particular wherein the driver toothing is shorter in the axial direction than the running toothing.

7. Switching device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the running toothing is axially spaced from the driving toothing, and / or that the driving toothing is designed as external toothing and / or the running toothing is designed as external toothing.

8. Switching device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the driving toothing is designed as involute toothing and / or that the running toothing is designed as involute toothing.

9. Switching device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ring gear has an annular groove, in particular wherein the annular groove is arranged on the outer circumference of the ring gear.

10. Switching device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an engagement plate projects into the annular groove and is movable in the axial direction, in particular by a manually operable spindle drive.

11. Switching device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the engagement plate has a friction lining on both axial sides, with which the engagement plate rests against the wall of the annular groove, in particular wherein the friction lining is in each case hollow-cylindrical and / or shaped as a perforated disc and is held against the engagement plate by screws screwed into the engagement plate, in that the screw heads of the screws press onto the friction lining on the side of the respective friction lining facing away from the engagement plate.

12. Switching device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the spindle drive has a spindle screwed into a spindle nut, wherein a handwheel is connected to the spindle in a rotationally fixed manner.

13. Switching device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the spindle is rotatably mounted by means of a bearing, wherein the inner ring of the bearing is placed on the spindle, wherein the outer ring of the bearing is received in or on a rod connected to the engagement plate and / or is connected to the rod in a rotationally fixed manner, in particular wherein the spindle nut is connected to a housing of the switching device in a rotationally fixed manner, in particular wherein the rod is connected to an engagement plate (6) at its axial end region facing away from the handwheel, in particular which projects radially with respect to the central axis of the spindle nut.

14. Switching device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inner ring of the bearing is axially delimited by a nut screwed onto a threaded area of ​​the spindle, in particular wherein the threaded area is arranged on the side of the bearing facing away from the threaded area of ​​the spindle in the axial direction, and / or that a locking device is arranged on the spindle, in particular with which the rotational movement of the spindle can be prevented.

15. Gearbox with switching device, in particular according to one of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the toothing of the gearwheel is in engagement with the toothing of another toothed part.

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