Optically variable security element and valuable document having the optically variable security element

Abstract

The invention relates to an optically variable security element with a motif area. The motif area comprises a first section and a second section. At least a part of the first section of the motif area is brightly visible to an observer at at least a first viewing angle. At least a part of the second section of the motif area is darkly visible to the observer at at least the first viewing angle. The part of the first section of the motif area is darkly visible to the observer at at least a second viewing angle. Thus, at least a part of a first motif is brightly visible to the observer at the first viewing angle. The part of the second section of the motif area is brightly visible to the observer at at least the second viewing angle, so that at least a part of a second motif is brightly visible to the observer at the second viewing angle.A transition from the first viewing angle to the second viewing angle is possible by tilting the optically variable security element about a first axis. The viewer can also see a main motif in the motif area through the brightly visible or dark parts of the sections. By tilting the optically variable security element about a second axis that is not parallel to the first axis, a kinematic effect in the motif area is visible to the viewer. The main motif is visible to the viewer from the first viewing angle through the brightly visible first motifs in several first sections and from the second viewing angle through the brightly visible second motifs in several second sections. The kinematic effect comprises a change in the size / shape of the first motif and / or the second motif.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION

[0001] The invention relates to an optically variable security element. Furthermore, the invention relates to a valuable document comprising the optically variable security element. TECHNICAL BACKGROUND

[0002] Optically variable security elements, for example on banknotes, are known from the prior art. They provide a viewer with different visual impressions depending on the viewing angle. The different viewing angles can be achieved by tilting the optically variable element or a security document containing the optically variable element around an axis, while the viewer's viewing direction and the illumination direction of the optically variable element remain unchanged.

[0003] EP 3 000 613 A1 relates to an optically variable security element. The optically variable security element exhibits a kinematic effect when tilted about the x-axis and a color change effect when tilted about the y-axis.

[0004] DE 10 2017 004 586 A1 discloses a security element with a micromirror arrangement that, when tilted about an axis, exhibits a moving effect of a motif, such as letters. Alternatively, when tilted about the axis, two different motifs can move in different directions or be visible alternately. DE 10 2017 004 586 A1 discloses the preamble of claim 1. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0005] The invention is based on the object of providing an optically variable security element that enables improved counterfeit protection and whose authenticity can be easily verified by an observer. A further object of the invention is to provide an optically variable security element that is relatively simple and cost-effective to produce.

[0006] This object is achieved by the features described in the independent patent claims. Advantageous embodiments are specified in the dependent claims.

[0007] An optically variable security element comprises a motif area. The motif area comprises a first section and a second section. At least a part of the first section of the motif area is brightly visible to a viewer at least under a first viewing angle. At least a part of the second section of the motif area is darkly visible to the viewer at least under the first viewing angle. At least a part of a first motif of the motif area is brightly visible to the viewer at the first viewing angle. The part of the first section of the motif area is darkly visible to the viewer at least under a second viewing angle. The part of the second section of the motif area is brightly visible to the viewer at least under the second viewing angle. At least a part of a second motif is brightly visible to the viewer at the second viewing angle.A transition from the first viewing angle to the second viewing angle is achieved by tilting the optically variable security element about a first axis. The brightly visible or dark parts of the sections also make a main motif of the motif area visible to the viewer. By tilting the optically variable security element about a second axis, which is non-parallel to the first axis, a kinematic effect in the motif area becomes visible to the viewer.

[0008] The main subject is visible to the viewer from both the first and second viewing angles. The main subject is visible from the (at least one) first viewing angle through the brightly visible first subjects of several first sections. Similarly, the main subject is visible from the (at least one) second viewing angle through the brightly visible second subjects of several second sections.

[0009] In the kinematic effect, a change in the size and / or shape of the first and / or second motifs is visible to the viewer depending on the viewing angle.

[0010] Preferably, the first axis and the second axis are perpendicular to each other.

[0011] Security elements can be applied to an object to enable verification of its authenticity. Such an object can be, for example, a check, a bank card, a document, a certificate, an ID card, a piece of clothing (a garment label), or a banknote.

[0012] At the first / second viewing angle, at least a portion of the first / second subject is brightly visible in the first / second section of the subject area, and at a second viewing angle, no portion of the (corresponding) subject may be brightly visible in the first / second section. At the first viewing angle, no portion of a subject may be brightly visible in another section of the subject area, and at the second viewing angle, at least a portion of the subject is brightly visible in the other section.

[0013] A (sub-)motif change within the motif area can be achieved by tilting the security element around a first axis. The first (or first) motif(s) and the second (or second) motif(s) can also be referred to as sub-motifs. A kinematic effect can be achieved by tilting the security element around a second axis. Depending on the direction in which the security element is tilted, the viewer is presented with different effects that are particularly memorable. Furthermore, tilting in this case preferably increases the recognizability of the main motif. This allows the viewer to easily and reliably verify the authenticity of the security element.

[0014] The main motif is therefore represented by the brightly visible motif areas of the several first and several second motifs, which can optionally be referred to as sub-motifs. The main motif area comprises at least the light or dark-looking partial areas of the several sections. For the viewer, the recognizability of the main motif is improved by tilting it around the first and / or second axis. By tilting it around the first axis, they see a change from first motifs to second motifs in the area of ​​the main motif. By tilting it around the second axis, they see in particular a relative movement from the main motif to the first and / or second motif(s). For the sake of completeness, it should be pointed out that the main motif is an independent motif, so in particular the main motif can be selected independently of the first or second motif.

[0015] The security element can convey a visual impression to a viewer (a human) without any aids, allowing the viewer to visually perceive the authenticity of the item equipped with the security element without any aids. An optical security element is particularly suitable for simple or everyday authenticity checks by a human. The optical impression can be perceived in a wavelength range from 400 nm to 780 nm.

[0016] With an optically variable security element, the observer attempting to verify authenticity will experience different visual impressions depending on the viewing angle, direction, side of the security element, or type of viewing (top or through). Thus, the security element can convey a first visual impression from a first viewing angle and a second visual impression from a second viewing angle, whereby the first and second visual impressions are different.

[0017] The security element can be applied to the object to be secured, e.g., a banknote or a banknote precursor, for example, as a patch or stripe. The security element can be flat. The area of ​​the security element can be a maximum of 5000 mm², preferably a maximum of 2500 mm², more preferably a maximum of 1500 mm², more preferably a maximum of 1000 mm².

[0018] The security element may have a length that is at least five times, preferably at least ten times, greater than its width. The security element may have a width of at least 1 mm.

[0019] The security element can be provided as a thread, a strip or a patch.

[0020] A security paper can be a precursor to a valuable document. A security paper can be a piece of paper that has not yet been fully printed. A security paper can comprise at least one security element, at least one window, and / or at least one security feature.

[0021] The security element can be applied to a valuable document or security paper. The security element can extend from one side of the valuable document or security paper to another side of the valuable document or security paper. The sides can be opposite sides. The security element can have a length equal to the width or height of the valuable document or security paper.

[0022] The security element can be at least partially incorporated into the value document or the security paper. The security element can be incorporated into the value document or the security paper in such a way that sections of the security element are visible to an observer and sections of the security element are not visible to the observer. The security element can be incorporated into the value document or the security paper in such a way that sections of the security element are covered by the value document or the security paper and sections of the security element are not covered by the value document or the security paper.

[0023] The first section of the motif area can be a geometric figure, for example a polygon, a triangle, a quadrilateral (square, rectangle or rhombus), or a circle. The first section of the motif area can have an irregular shape. An outline of the first section of the motif area can have at least two curved sections. Alternatively or additionally, an outline of the first section of the motif area can have at least two straight sections. At least two, preferably at least three, more preferably at least five, curved sections can follow one another along the outline of the first section of the motif area. A straight section can follow a curved section along the outline of the first section of the motif area.

[0024] The second section of the motif area can be a geometric figure, for example a polygon, a triangle, a quadrilateral (square, rectangle or rhombus), or a circle. The second section of the motif area can have an irregular shape. An outline of the second section of the motif area can have at least two curved sections. Alternatively or additionally, an outline of the second section of the motif area can have at least two straight sections. At least two, preferably at least three, more preferably at least five, curved sections can follow one another along the outline of the second section of the motif area. A straight section can follow a curved section along the outline of the second section of the motif area.

[0025] At least a portion of the first section of the subject area is brightly visible to the observer at at least the first viewing angle. The portion of the first section of the subject area is darkly visible to the observer at at least the second viewing angle.

[0026] This part of the first section can have an area whose size is at least 20%, preferably at least 30%, more preferably at least 40%, more preferably at least 50%, more preferably at least 60%, more preferably at least 70%, more preferably at least 80%, more preferably at least 90%, more preferably at least 95%, of the size of an area of ​​the first section. Particularly preferably, the area of ​​this part of the first section is equal to the area of ​​the first section.

[0027] The part of the first section of the subject area can be completely brightly visible to the viewer at at least the first viewing angle. The part of the first section of the subject area can be completely darkly visible to the viewer at at least the second viewing angle.

[0028] The first section of the subject area may include a further part that is visible to the viewer as dark at the at least first viewing angle. Alternatively or additionally, the first section of the subject area may include one or the further part that is visible to the viewer as bright at the at least second viewing angle.

[0029] This further part of the first section can have an area whose size is at most 50%, preferably at most 40%, more preferably at most 30%, more preferably at most 20%, more preferably at most 10%, more preferably at most 5%, of the size of an area of ​​the first section.

[0030] At least a portion of the second section of the subject area is visible to the observer as dark at least at the first viewing angle. The portion of the second section of the subject area is visible to the observer as bright at least at the second viewing angle.

[0031] This part of the second section can have an area whose size is at least 20%, preferably at least 30%, more preferably at least 40%, more preferably at least 50%, more preferably at least 60%, more preferably at least 70%, more preferably at least 80%, more preferably at least 90%, more preferably at least 95%, of the size of an area of ​​the second section. Particularly preferably, the area of ​​this part of the second section is equal to the area of ​​the second section.

[0032] The part of the second section of the subject area can be completely dark and visible to the viewer at at least the first viewing angle. The part of the second section of the subject area can be completely bright and visible to the viewer at at least the second viewing angle.

[0033] The second section of the subject area may include a further part that is brightly visible to the viewer at the at least first viewing angle. Alternatively or additionally, the second section of the subject area may include one or the further part that is darkly visible to the viewer at the at least second viewing angle.

[0034] This further part of the second section may have an area whose size is at most 50%, preferably at most 40%, more preferably at most 30%, more preferably at most 20%, more preferably at most 10%, more preferably at most 5%, of the size of an area of ​​the second section.

[0035] In general, a part may comprise at least two parts. The area of ​​the part may be the sum of the at least two parts.

[0036] In general, a part can comprise multiple parts. The area of ​​the part can be the sum of the multiple parts.

[0037] A part of a section can be a subsection of a section.

[0038] The part of the first section of the subject area may be brightly visible to a viewer under at least a first viewing angle range. The part of the second section of the subject area may be darkly visible to a viewer under at least one or the first viewing angle range.

[0039] The part of the first section of the subject area may be darkly visible to a viewer under at least a second viewing angle range. The part of the second section of the subject area may be brightly visible to a viewer under at least one or the second viewing angle range.

[0040] The first viewing angle range may comprise a range of at least 5°, preferably at least 7°, more preferably at least 10°, more preferably at least 15°, more preferably at least 20°. The first viewing angle range may comprise a range of 5° to 20°.

[0041] The second viewing angle range may comprise a range of at least 5°, preferably at least 7°, more preferably at least 10°, more preferably at least 15°, more preferably at least 20°. The second viewing angle range may comprise a range of 5° to 20°.

[0042] A bright visible section shows a higher relative reflected light intensity than a dark visible section under the given viewing angle under non-diffuse illumination, such as from the sun or a point light source.

[0043] The relative reflected light intensity is the ratio of reflected light intensity to incident light intensity. If light is completely reflected from a light source, the relative reflected light intensity is 100%.

[0044] In a brightly visible section, the relative reflected light intensity may be at least 5%, preferably at least 10%, more preferably at least 20%, more preferably at least 30%, more preferably at least 40%, more preferably at least 50% greater than the relative reflected light intensity in a darkly visible section. The percentages may be percentage points.

[0045] The part of the first section of the subject area can be brightly visible to a viewer at the first viewing angle such that at least part of a first subject is visible to the viewer in the first section of the subject area. Alternatively or additionally, the part of the second section of the subject area can be brightly visible to the viewer at the second viewing angle such that at least part of a second subject is visible to the viewer in the second section of the subject area.

[0046] A motif can have a shape that is visible to the viewer. Examples of a motif shape include a circle, a square, an apple, or an irregular shape.

[0047] A subject does not have to be completely visible to a viewer at a given viewing angle. In particular, at most a portion of a subject can be visible to the viewer at a given viewing angle.

[0048] Different parts of a subject may be visible to the viewer from different angles. A complete subject may be completely visible to the viewer when viewed from different angles.

[0049] The motif shape can be the shape of a geometric figure. The motif shape can be the shape of an animal, a person, or a building.

[0050] The subject may have a contour. The contour may be an outer contour. The contour may (visually) separate the subject from its surroundings. The contour may surround an inner section of the subject.

[0051] The first motif can have an area, wherein the area of ​​the first motif is at least 50%, preferably at least 60%, more preferably at least 70%, more preferably at least 80%, more preferably at least 90%, more preferably at least 95%, of an area of ​​the first section of the motif area. Particularly preferably, the area of ​​the first motif is equal to the area of ​​the first section of the motif area.

[0052] The second motif can have an area, wherein the area of ​​the second motif is at least 50%, preferably at least 60%, more preferably at least 70%, more preferably at least 80%, more preferably at least 90%, more preferably at least 95%, of an area of ​​the second section of the motif area. Particularly preferably, the area of ​​the second motif is equal to the area of ​​the second section of the motif area.

[0053] The first motif can have an outer contour. The outer contour can enclose an area. The area enclosed by the outer contour of the first motif can be at least 50%, preferably at least 60%, more preferably at least 70%, more preferably at least 80%, more preferably at least 90%, more preferably at least 95%, of an area of ​​the first section of the motif area. Particularly preferably, the area enclosed by the outer contour of the first motif is equal to the area of ​​the first section of the motif area.

[0054] The second motif can have an outer contour. The outer contour can enclose an area. The area enclosed by the outer contour of the second motif can be at least 50%, preferably at least 60%, more preferably at least 70%, more preferably at least 80%, more preferably at least 90%, more preferably at least 95%, of an area of ​​the second section of the motif area. Particularly preferably, the area enclosed by the outer contour of the second motif is equal to the area of ​​the second section of the motif area.

[0055] The first motif can be an optically variable motif. Alternatively or additionally, the second motif can be an optically variable motif.

[0056] The first subject may be formed by brightly visible sections in the first section of the subject area. The second subject may be formed by brightly visible sections of the subject area in the second section.

[0057] The motif can have a maximum size of at least 600 µm, preferably at least 1.0 mm, more preferably at least 1.5 mm, more preferably at least 2.0 mm, more preferably at least 3.0 mm, more preferably at least 4.0 mm, more preferably at least 5.0 mm. The motif can have a maximum size of at most 50.0 mm, preferably at most 30.0 mm, more preferably at most 20.0 mm, more preferably at most 10.0 mm. Particularly preferably, a maximum size of the motif is between 600 µm and 50.0 mm, preferably between 600 µm and 10.0 mm. The maximum size can be the largest rectilinear dimension of the motif.

[0058] The security element can define an xy-plane. The xy-plane can define an x-axis and a y-axis. The x-axis can be oriented non-parallel to the y-axis. The x-axis can be oriented orthogonally to the y-axis.

[0059] A transition from the first viewing angle to the second viewing angle can be carried out by tilting the optically variable security element about the y-axis as the first axis.

[0060] A transition from the bright visibility of the part of the first section of the subject area to the dark visibility of the part of the first section of the subject area may be abrupt or discontinuous.

[0061] A transition from the dark visibility of the part of the second section of the subject area to the light visibility of the part of the second section of the subject area may be abrupt or discontinuous.

[0062] In the first section of the subject area, a flip effect (jump effect) may be visible due to the security element tilting around the first axis. In the second section of the subject area, a flip effect may be visible due to the security element tilting around the first axis. The abrupt or discontinuous transition from a bright visibility to a dark visibility or from a dark visibility to a bright visibility may be referred to as a flip effect or jump effect.

[0063] With a flip effect, the viewer can experience a substantially identical visual impression of at least one portion of the security element when the security element is tilted within a viewing angle range. With a flip effect, the viewer can experience a substantially unchanged visual impression of at least one portion of the security element when the security element is tilted within a viewing angle range.

[0064] If the security element is tilted beyond a limiting viewing angle, the optical impression in that section of the security element may change, in particular change abruptly.

[0065] The changed optical impression in the section of the security element may be visible to the observer in the same way or unchanged when the security element is tilted further in a wider viewing angle range.

[0066] The limit viewing angle can be between the viewing angle range and the wider viewing angle range.

[0067] Preferably, within a viewing angle range of 180°, the observer can see at most five, more preferably at most four, more preferably at most three, and more preferably at most two, transitions from the bright visibility of the part of the first section of the motif area to the dark visibility of the part of the first section of the motif area in the security element. Particularly preferably, within a viewing angle range of 180°, the observer can see exactly one transition from the bright visibility of the part of the first section of the motif area to the dark visibility of the part of the first section of the motif area in the security element.

[0068] Preferably, within a viewing angle range of 180°, the observer can see at most five, more preferably at most four, more preferably at most three, and more preferably at most two, transitions from the dark visibility of the part of the second section of the motif area to the light visibility of the part of the second section of the motif area in the security element. Particularly preferably, within a viewing angle range of 180°, the observer can see exactly one transition from the dark visibility of the part of the second section of the motif area to the light visibility of the part of the second section of the motif area in the security element.

[0069] In the security element, a maximum of five, preferably a maximum of four, preferably a maximum of three, preferably a maximum of two, flip effects can be visible to the viewer within a viewing angle range of 180°. In the security element, exactly one flip effect can be visible to the viewer within a viewing angle range of 180°.

[0070] The security element may comprise at least two, preferably at least three, more preferably at least five, more preferably at least ten, first sections of the motif area.

[0071] The security element may comprise at least two, preferably at least three, more preferably at least five, more preferably at least ten, second sections of the motif area.

[0072] By tilting the optically variable security element around a second axis, a kinematic effect is visible to the viewer in the subject area. The second axis is non-parallel, specifically orthogonal, to the first axis.

[0073] For example, the first axis is the y-axis and the second axis is the x-axis.

[0074] With the kinematic effect, a continuous movement can be visible to the viewer in at least one section of the motif area. With a kinematic effect, a movement in the motif area can be visible to the viewer when the security element is tilted. Preferably, with the kinematic effect, a movement of a main motif in the motif area can be visible to the viewer when the security element is tilted.

[0075] Particularly preferably, the kinematic effect comprises a relative movement of the main subject to the first subject and / or to the second subject. In particular, the kinematic effect can comprise a relative movement of the main subject to the first subjects of the first sections and / or to the second subjects of the second sections.

[0076] With the kinematic effect, a change in the position, orientation (rotation), size and / or shape of the main subject may be visible to the viewer depending on the viewing angle.

[0077] Preferably, the respective position of the first section and the second section does not change when the optically variable security element is tilted about the second axis. The position of the first section and the position of the second section can remain the same when the optically variable security element is tilted about the second axis. The position of the first section and the position of the second section can be static.

[0078] A brightly visible part of the first section may remain bright when the optically variable security element is tilted. A darkly visible part of the first section may remain dark when the optically variable security element is tilted.

[0079] A brightly visible part of the second section may remain bright when the optically variable security element is tilted. A darkly visible part of the second section may remain dark when the optically variable security element is tilted.

[0080] In the subject area, a main subject, particularly a brighter-looking section, may be visible to the viewer. With the kinematic effect, a change in the position of the main subject, particularly the brighter-looking section, may be visible to the viewer depending on the viewing angle.

[0081] The main subject may be visible to the viewer as a brighter, illuminated section. With the cinematic effect, a change in the position of the main subject, particularly the brighter section, may be visible to the viewer depending on the viewing angle.

[0082] The kinematic effect can be visible to the viewer over at least 10%, preferably at least 20%, more preferably at least 30%, more preferably at least 40%, more preferably at least 50%, more preferably at least 60%, more preferably at least 70%, more preferably at least 80%, more preferably at least 90%, more preferably at least 95%, of the height of the subject area, depending on the viewing angle. Particularly preferably, the kinematic effect is visible to the viewer over the entire height of the subject area, depending on the viewing angle. The height of the subject area can be oriented in the direction of the y-axis.

[0083] The kinematic effect can be visible to the viewer over at least 10%, preferably at least 20%, more preferably at least 30%, more preferably at least 40%, more preferably at least 50%, more preferably at least 60%, more preferably at least 70%, more preferably at least 80%, more preferably at least 90%, more preferably at least 95%, of the width of the subject area, depending on the viewing angle. Particularly preferably, the kinematic effect is visible to the viewer over the entire width of the subject area, depending on the viewing angle. The width of the subject area can be oriented in the direction of the x-axis.

[0084] A multitude of facets can be arranged in the motif area. The facets can be aligned in different ways.

[0085] The facets can be tilted relative to an xy plane defined by the security element.

[0086] Each of the facets may define a normal vector with a first orientation component and a second orientation component.

[0087] The optically variable security element can comprise an arrangement of specularly reflecting microreflectors. The microreflectors are preferably non-diffractive microreflectors. The microreflectors can be micromirrors. The microreflectors are preferably micromirrors, each with an inclined surface.

[0088] A facet can be a surface of a microreflector. Each of the facets can be a surface of a microreflector.

[0089] The arrangement of microreflectors may comprise a relief structure with a reflection-enhancing coating.

[0090] The arrangement of microreflectors may comprise a relief structure with a metal coating.

[0091] The arrangement of microreflectors may comprise an embossed embossed lacquer layer.

[0092] A dimension of each of the microreflectors, in particular a maximum width of each of the microreflectors, may be between 2 µm and 300 µm, preferably between 3 µm and 100 µm, more preferably between 5 µm and 50 µm.

[0093] The microreflectors, in particular the micromirrors, can be designed as described in DE 10 2005 061 749 A1. The microreflectors, in particular the micromirrors, can be produced or manufactured as described in DE 10 2005 061 749 A1.

[0094] The microreflectors can be inclined or tilted relative to a plane defined by the security element (xy plane). This allows light from a light source to be reflected to a point with varying intensities by different microreflectors that are tilted differently relative to the plane. By appropriately selecting the tilt of different microreflectors, a motif can be visible to a viewer through a reflection of light. In particular, different optical impressions can be perceived by the viewer depending on the viewing angle.

[0095] The microreflectors can be provided with a reflective or reflection-enhancing coating. A metallic or high-refractive-index coating can be applied to the microreflectors. A (color-shifting or color-filtering) multilayer system can be applied to the microreflectors. The microreflectors can be provided with a liquid crystal coating.

[0096] Microreflectors can be formed, for example, by an embossing process in an embossable layer, e.g., in an embossing lacquer layer. The embossable layer can be applied to a substrate. The embossable layer can be a film, in particular a thermoplastic film. The embossable layer can be a radiation-curable lacquer. The embossable layer can have multiple sublayers.

[0097] The microreflectors can be overlaid with structures whose dimensions are preferably equal to or greater than a quarter of the wavelength of visible light. These structures can be referred to as subwavelength structures.

[0098] Subwavelength structures can be periodic structures whose period lies in the range from 50 nm to 500 nm, preferably from 100 nm to 400 nm. Subwavelength structures can be aperiodic structures whose feature size lies in the range from 50 nm to 500 nm, preferably from 100 nm to 400 nm. This allows a motif to be displayed in color, in particular multi-color. The color display can be independently adjustable or selectable for each of the microreflectors. In particular, a color change can be achieved as a viewing-angle-dependent color effect. A viewing-angle-dependent color effect can be combined with a kinematic effect described herein and / or a flip effect.

[0099] A change of the part of the first section that is brightly visible to the observer to the part of the first section that is darkly visible to the observer can be determined by the first orientation components of the normal vectors.

[0100] A change of the part of the second section that is darkly visible to the observer to the part of the second section that is brightly visible to the observer can be determined by the first orientation components of the normal vectors.

[0101] The kinematic effect can be determined by the second orientation components of the normal vectors.

[0102] The change from light to dark or from dark to light in sections in the subject area and the cinematic effect can be decoupled.

[0103] Tilting the safety element around the first axis cannot have any visible influence on the impression of the kinematic effect.

[0104] The first section of the subject area and the second section of the subject area can be directly adjacent to each other. The first section of the subject area and the second section of the subject area can be visible directly adjacent to each other.

[0105] At least two, preferably at least three, more preferably at least four, more preferably at least five, second sections can directly adjoin a first section of the motif area.

[0106] At least two, preferably at least three, more preferably at least four, more preferably at least five, first sections can directly adjoin a second section of the motif area.

[0107] A second section may be directly adjacent to at least 5%, preferably at least 10%, more preferably at least 15%, more preferably at least 20%, more preferably at least 25%, of the circumference of a first section.

[0108] A second section may directly adjoin at most 50%, preferably at most 40%, more preferably at most 30%, more preferably at most 20%, more preferably at most 10%, of the circumference of a first section.

[0109] Preferably, a second section directly borders the circumference of a first section by between 5% and 50%, preferably between 5% and 30%.

[0110] A first section may directly adjoin at least 5%, preferably at least 10%, more preferably at least 15%, more preferably at least 20%, more preferably at least 25%, of the circumference of a second section.

[0111] A first section may directly adjoin at most 50%, preferably at most 40%, more preferably at most 30%, more preferably at most 20%, more preferably at most 10%, of the circumference of a second section.

[0112] Preferably, a first section directly borders on the circumference of a second section between 5% and 50%, preferably between 5% and 30%.

[0113] A further first section can be directly adjacent to at most 5.0%, preferably at most 4.0%, more preferably at most 3.0%, more preferably at most 2.0%, more preferably at most 1.0%, more preferably at most 0.5%, of the circumference of a first section.

[0114] A further first section can be directly adjacent to at least 0.01%, preferably at least 0.05%, more preferably at least 0.1%, more preferably at least 0.2%, more preferably at least 0.3%, more preferably at least 0.4%, of the circumference of a first section.

[0115] Preferably, a first section between 0.01% and 5.0%, preferably between 0.1% and 2.0%, directly adjoins the circumference of another first section.

[0116] A further second section may be directly adjacent to at most 5.0%, preferably at most 4.0%, more preferably at most 3.0%, more preferably at most 2.0%, more preferably at most 1.0%, more preferably at most 0.5%, of the circumference of a second section.

[0117] A further second section may be directly adjacent to at least 0.01%, preferably at least 0.05%, more preferably at least 0.1%, more preferably at least 0.2%, more preferably at least 0.3%, more preferably at least 0.4%, of the circumference of a second section.

[0118] Preferably, a second section between 0.01% and 5.0%, preferably between 0.1% and 2.0%, directly adjoins the circumference of another second section.

[0119] The first section of the subject area and the second section of the subject area may be spaced apart from each other. The first section of the subject area and the second section of the subject area may be adjacent sections. There may be no further first section or second section between the first section of the subject area and the second section of the subject area.

[0120] The first portion of the motif area and the second portion of the motif area may be spaced apart from each other by at least 300 µm, preferably at least 600 µm, more preferably at least 1.0 mm, more preferably at least 2.0 mm.

[0121] The first section of the motif area and the second section of the motif area can be spaced apart from each other by at most 5.0 mm, preferably at most 3.0 mm, more preferably at most 2.0 mm, more preferably at most 1.0 mm. Preferably, the first section directly adjoins the second section.

[0122] The first section of the motif area and the second section of the motif area can be spaced apart from each other by between 300 µm and 5.0 mm, preferably between 600 µm and 2.0 mm.

[0123] The subject area may include a portion that is brightly visible to the viewer at both the first viewing angle and the second viewing angle.

[0124] The subject area may include a portion that is darkly visible to the viewer at both the first viewing angle and the second viewing angle.

[0125] The motif area may comprise at least two, preferably at least three, more preferably at least five, more preferably at least ten, sections which are brightly visible to the viewer both at the first viewing angle and at the second viewing angle.

[0126] Sections that are brightly visible to the viewer under both the first viewing angle and the second viewing angle may regularly be present in the subject area.

[0127] The motif area may comprise at least two, preferably at least three, more preferably at least five, more preferably at least ten, sections which are darkly visible to the viewer both at the first viewing angle and at the second viewing angle.

[0128] Sections that are darkly visible to the viewer under both the first viewing angle and the second viewing angle may regularly be present in the subject area.

[0129] The first motif can have a first motif shape. The second motif can have a second motif shape. The first motif shape can be the same as the second motif shape. The first motif shape and the second motif shape can be different.

[0130] The first subject may be visible to the viewer rotated relative to the second subject. The first subject may be made to coincide with the second subject by rotation. The first subject may not be made to coincide with the second subject by rotation.

[0131] Motifs with identical shapes can be made to overlap. In particular, motifs with identical shapes can be made to overlap without changing the size of the motifs, for example, without enlarging or centrally stretching.

[0132] In general, there can be coverage of two motifs if the areas of the motifs, for example the areas of the motifs surrounded by the respective contour of the motif, can be made to cover at least 80%, preferably at least 85%, more preferably at least 90%, more preferably at least 92%, more preferably at least 94%, more preferably at least 96%, more preferably at least 98%, more preferably at least 99%, more preferably at least 99.5%, more preferably at least 99.8%, more preferably completely.

[0133] The first motif can be a geometric figure, for example a polygon, a triangle, a quadrilateral (square, rectangle or rhombus), or a circle. The first motif can have an irregular shape. An outer contour of the first motif can have at least two curved sections. Alternatively or additionally, an outer contour of the first motif can have at least two straight sections. At least two, preferably at least three, more preferably at least five, curved sections can follow one another along the outer contour of the first motif. A straight section can follow a curved section along the outer contour of the first motif.

[0134] The first section and the second section cannot be visible to the viewer in an overlapping manner. The first section and the second section cannot be visible to the viewer in an overlapping manner and cannot be spaced apart.

[0135] A surface of the first section of the subject area can be brightly visible to the observer at least 60%, preferably at least 70%, more preferably at least 80%, more preferably at least 90%, more preferably at least 95%, at least at least the first viewing angle. Preferably, the surface of the first section of the subject area is completely brightly visible to the observer at least the first viewing angle.

[0136] A surface of the second section of the motif area can be visible as dark to the observer at least 60%, preferably at least 70%, more preferably at least 80%, more preferably at least 90%, more preferably at least 95%, at least at least the first viewing angle. Preferably, the surface of the second section of the motif area is completely visible as dark to the observer at least the first viewing angle.

[0137] A surface of the first section of the motif area can be visible to the observer as dark to at least 60%, preferably to at least 70%, more preferably to at least 80%, more preferably to at least 90%, more preferably to at least 95%, at least at least the second viewing angle. Preferably, the surface of the first section of the motif area is completely dark to the observer at least at the second viewing angle.

[0138] A surface of the second section of the motif area can be brightly visible to the observer at least 60%, preferably at least 70%, more preferably at least 80%, more preferably at least 90%, more preferably at least 95%, at least at least the second viewing angle. Preferably, the surface of the second section of the motif area is completely brightly visible to the observer at least the second viewing angle.

[0139] A value document may comprise any of the security elements disclosed herein. The value document may be a check, a bank card, a document, a certificate, an identification document, a garment (a garment label), or a banknote.

[0140] The value document may comprise at least one additional security element. The additional security element may be a security element that is perceptible to an observer.

[0141] The additional safety element can be a safety element that is not perceptible to an observer. The additional safety element can be a safety element that is perceptible (only) by a machine.

[0142] The value document may comprise at least one security feature. The security feature may be printed on the value document. The security feature may be incorporated into a substrate of the value document. The security feature may be a security feature perceivable by a viewer. The security feature may be a security feature imperceivable by a viewer. The security feature may be a security feature perceivable by a machine. SHORT DESCRIPTION OF THE CHARACTERS

[0143] The invention and further embodiments and advantages of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to figures, wherein the figures merely describe exemplary embodiments of the invention. Identical components in the figures are provided with the same reference numerals. The figures are not to be considered true to scale; individual elements of the figures may be exaggeratedly large or oversimplified. Fig. 1 shows a value document 100 with a security element 10 and a motif area 20; Fig. 2 shows a motif area 20 on the left at a first viewing angle and a motif area 20 on the right at a second viewing angle; Fig. 3a shows a first motif 30a; Fig. 3b shows a first motif 30a; Fig. 3c shows a second motif 30b; Fig. 4 shows a motif area 20 on the left at a first viewing angle and a motif area 20 on the right at a second viewing angle; Fig. 5 shows a motif area 20 with a bright-looking section 70 at a first viewing angle; Fig. 6 shows a motif area 20 with a bright-looking section 70 at the top at a first viewing angle and a motif area 20 with a bright-looking section 70 at the bottom at a third viewing angle;Fig. 7 shows a subject area 20 at a first viewing angle at the top left, a subject area 20 at a second viewing angle at the top right, a subject area 20 at a third viewing angle at the bottom left, and a subject area 20 at a fourth viewing angle at the bottom right; and Fig. 8 shows a subject area 20 at a first viewing angle at the top left, a subject area 20 at a second viewing angle at the top right, a subject area 20 at a third viewing angle at the bottom left, and a subject area 20 at a fourth viewing angle at the bottom right.

[0144] Figure 1 shows a value document 100 with a security element 10. The security element 10 comprises a motif area 20.

[0145] The value document 100 can be, for example, a banknote. A carrier or substrate of the value document 100 can comprise or consist of one or more paper layers. The carrier or substrate of the value document 100 can alternatively comprise or consist of one or more plastic layers. Further alternatively, the carrier or substrate of the value document 100 can comprise at least one paper layer and at least one plastic layer.

[0146] The security element 10 can be applied to the carrier (or substrate) of the value document 100, for example as a security strip or security patch. Typically, the security elements are provided on a transfer carrier, for example a plastic film, and then (detached and) transferred from the transfer carrier to the carrier of the value document. Alternatively, the security element is incorporated into the carrier of the value document, for example as a security thread. The security element can, in particular, already be incorporated into the carrier during its manufacture, for example during paper or film production or between two partial layers of the carrier. Figure 2 shows on the left a subject area 20 under a first viewing angle and on the right a subject area 20 under a second viewing angle.

[0147] In the subject area 20, a part 22a of a first section 21a is visible to the observer at the first viewing angle. The part 22a of the first section 21a is clearly visible to the observer at the first viewing angle.

[0148] The brightly visible part 22a in the first section 21a can define a first motif 30a or a part of the first motif 30a. In the example of Figure 2 The first motif 30a symbolizes a gecko. The first motif 30a can have any shape. As explained in more detail later, (at most) a part of the motif 30a can be visible in the first section 21a. Likewise, the motif 30a can be completely visible in the first section 21a.

[0149] At least a part 22b of a second section 21b in the subject area 20 is darkly visible to the observer under the first viewing angle.

[0150] The security element can define an xy-plane. The xy-plane can define an x-axis and a y-axis. The x-axis can be oriented non-parallel, in particular orthogonally, to the y-axis.

[0151] By tilting the security element 10 with the motif area 20 about a first axis, for example about the y-axis, the motif area 20 can be visible to the viewer at a second viewing angle.

[0152] In Figure 2 Tilting around the y-axis, or in the x-direction, is indicated by a double arrow with an x, where the x indicates the x-direction.

[0153] At the second viewing angle, part 22a of the first section 21a is visible to the viewer as dark. At the second viewing angle, part 22b of the second section 21b is visible to the viewer as bright. In the second section 21b, a second motif 30b may be visible to the viewer. (At most) a part of the second motif 30b may be visible to the viewer in the second section 21b. Likewise, the second motif 30b may be completely visible in the second section 21b.

[0154] The brightly visible part 22b in the second section 21b can define the second motif 30b or the part of the second motif 30b. In the example of Figure 2 The second motif 30b symbolizes a gecko. The second motif 30b can have any shape.

[0155] The motif area 20 can comprise a plurality of first sections 21a and a plurality of second sections 21b.

[0156] Along the x-axis direction, first sections 21a and second sections 21b can be arranged alternately in the subject area. Along the y-axis direction, first sections 21a and second sections 21b can be arranged alternately in the subject area.

[0157] The first section 21a may be directly adjacent to the second section 21b. There may be no gap between the first section 21a and the second section 21b.

[0158] A plurality of second sections 22b may surround a first section 21b. In particular, second sections 22b completely surround the first section 21b.

[0159] The outline of the first section 21a may include or be formed from sections of a plurality of second sections 21b. The outline of the second section 21b may include or be formed from sections of a plurality of first sections 21a.

[0160] The entire motif area 20 can be provided with a first section 21a and a second section 21b. The motif area 20 can contain one or more areas that are not provided with either a first section 21a or a second section 21b.

[0161] The subject area 20 can have an area.

[0162] Under the first viewing angle, at least 10%, preferably at least 20%, more preferably at least 30%, more preferably at least 40%, more preferably at least 50%, more preferably at least 60%, more preferably at least 70%, more preferably at least 80%, more preferably at least 90%, of the area of ​​the motif region 20 can be clearly visible to the viewer.

[0163] At the first viewing angle, at most 90%, preferably at most 80%, more preferably at most 70%, more preferably at most 60%, more preferably at most 50%, more preferably at most 40%, more preferably at most 30%, more preferably at most 20%, more preferably at most 10%, of the area of ​​the motif region 20 can be brightly visible to the viewer.

[0164] Preferably, at the first viewing angle, between 10% and 90%, more preferably between 20% and 80%, more preferably between 30% and 70%, more preferably between 40% and 60%, more preferably between 45% and 55%, of the area of ​​the motif region 20 is brightly visible to the viewer.

[0165] Under the first viewing angle, at least 10%, preferably at least 20%, more preferably at least 30%, more preferably at least 40%, more preferably at least 50%, more preferably at least 60%, more preferably at least 70%, more preferably at least 80%, more preferably at least 90%, of the area of ​​the motif region 20 can be darkly visible to the viewer.

[0166] At the first viewing angle, at most 90%, preferably at most 80%, more preferably at most 70%, more preferably at most 60%, more preferably at most 50%, more preferably at most 40%, more preferably at most 30%, more preferably at most 20%, more preferably at most 10%, of the area of ​​the motif region 20 can be darkly visible to the viewer.

[0167] Preferably, at the first viewing angle, between 10% and 90%, more preferably between 20% and 80%, more preferably between 30% and 70%, more preferably between 40% and 60%, more preferably between 45% and 55%, of the area of ​​the motif region 20 is darkly visible to the viewer.

[0168] Under the second viewing angle, at least 10%, preferably at least 20%, more preferably at least 30%, more preferably at least 40%, more preferably at least 50%, more preferably at least 60%, more preferably at least 70%, more preferably at least 80%, more preferably at least 90%, of the area of ​​the motif region 20 can be clearly visible to the viewer.

[0169] At the second viewing angle, at most 90%, preferably at most 80%, more preferably at most 70%, more preferably at most 60%, more preferably at most 50%, more preferably at most 40%, more preferably at most 30%, more preferably at most 20%, more preferably at most 10%, of the area of ​​the motif region 20 can be brightly visible to the viewer.

[0170] Preferably, at the second viewing angle, between 10% and 90%, more preferably between 20% and 80%, more preferably between 30% and 70%, more preferably between 40% and 60%, more preferably between 45% and 55%, of the area of ​​the motif region 20 is brightly visible to the viewer.

[0171] Under the second viewing angle, at least 10%, preferably at least 20%, more preferably at least 30%, more preferably at least 40%, more preferably at least 50%, more preferably at least 60%, more preferably at least 70%, more preferably at least 80%, more preferably at least 90%, of the area of ​​the motif region 20 can be darkly visible to the viewer.

[0172] At the second viewing angle, at most 90%, preferably at most 80%, more preferably at most 70%, more preferably at most 60%, more preferably at most 50%, more preferably at most 40%, more preferably at most 30%, more preferably at most 20%, more preferably at most 10%, of the area of ​​the motif region 20 can be darkly visible to the viewer.

[0173] Preferably, at the second viewing angle, between 10% and 90%, more preferably between 20% and 80%, more preferably between 30% and 70%, more preferably between 40% and 60%, more preferably between 45% and 55%, of the area of ​​the motif region 20 is darkly visible to the viewer.

[0174] Particularly preferably, between 30% and 70% of the area of ​​the subject area 20 is clearly visible to the viewer at the first viewing angle and between 30% and 70% of the area of ​​the subject area 20 is clearly visible to the viewer at the second viewing angle.

[0175] Particularly preferably, between 30% and 70% of the area of ​​the subject area 20 is darkly visible to the viewer under the first viewing angle and between 30% and 70% of the area of ​​the subject area 20 is darkly visible to the viewer under the second viewing angle.

[0176] The area of ​​the subject area can be either bright or dark to the viewer at the first viewing angle. The area of ​​the subject area can be either bright or dark to the viewer at the second viewing angle.

[0177] The Figures 3a and 3b Each shows, by way of example, a first section 21a of the subject area 20 at a first viewing angle. The first sections 21a do not have to be completely visible to the viewer at the first viewing angle.

[0178] In the first section 21a, a first motif 30a may be visible to the viewer.

[0179] The entire area of ​​the first portion 21a may be clearly visible to the viewer. The area of ​​the first portion 21a may be equal to the area of ​​the first motif 30a. The area of ​​the part 22a of the first portion 21a may be equal to the area of ​​the first portion 21a. The area of ​​the part 22a of the first portion 21a may be equal to the area of ​​the first motif 30a.

[0180] Under the second viewing angle, the entire area of ​​the first portion 21a may be darkly visible to the observer.

[0181] The entire area of ​​the second portion 21b may be clearly visible to the viewer at the second viewing angle. The area of ​​the second portion 21b may be equal to the area of ​​the second motif 30b. The area of ​​the portion 22b of the second portion 21b may be equal to the area of ​​the second portion 21b. The area of ​​the portion 22b of the second portion 21b may be equal to the area of ​​the second motif 30b.

[0182] Under the first viewing angle, the entire area of ​​the second portion 21b may be darkly visible to the observer.

[0183] Under the first viewing angle, not the entire area of ​​the first section 21a can be clearly visible to the observer. This is exemplified in Figure 3b shown.

[0184] The area of ​​the first section 21a may be larger than the area of ​​the first motif 30a. The area of ​​the part 22a of the first section 21a may be smaller than the area of ​​the first section 21a. The area of ​​the part 22a of the first section 21a may be equal to the area of ​​the first motif 30a.

[0185] The first section 21a may comprise a region 25a that is darkly visible to the viewer at the first viewing angle. The first section 21a may comprise at least two, preferably at least three, regions that are darkly visible to the viewer at the first viewing angle.

[0186] A region 25a of the first section 21a that is darkly visible to the viewer at the first viewing angle may have the shape of a geometric figure, for example, a triangle, a quadrilateral, or a circle. A region 25a of the first section 21a that is darkly visible to the viewer at the first viewing angle may have an irregular shape.

[0187] The first section 21a may have a plurality of regions 25a, 26a, 27a that are darkly visible to the viewer at the first viewing angle.

[0188] One of the regions 25a can have the shape of a geometric figure, for example a triangle, a square, or a circle. Several of the regions 25a, 26a can have the shape of a geometric figure, for example a triangle, a square, or a circle. Each of the regions 25a, 26a, 27a can have the shape of a geometric figure, for example a triangle, a square, or a circle. One of the regions 25a can have an irregular shape. Several of the regions 25a, 26a can have an irregular shape. Each of the regions 25a, 26a, 27a can have an irregular shape.

[0189] The first section 21a can have at least two regions 25a, 27a that are darkly visible to the observer at the first viewing angle. The at least two regions 25a, 27a can have a different shape. The at least two regions 25a, 26a can have the same shape.

[0190] Under the second viewing angle, not the entire area of ​​the first section 21a can be darkly visible to the observer. This is analogous to the exemplary representation in Figure 3b .

[0191] The first section 21a may comprise a region that is clearly visible to the viewer at the second viewing angle. The first section 21a may comprise at least two, preferably at least three, regions that are clearly visible to the viewer at the second viewing angle.

[0192] A region of the first portion 21a that is clearly visible to the viewer at the second viewing angle may have the shape of a geometric figure, such as a triangle, a quadrilateral, or a circle. A region of the first portion 21a that is clearly visible to the viewer at the second viewing angle may have an irregular shape.

[0193] The first portion 21a may have a plurality of areas that are brightly visible to the viewer at the second viewing angle.

[0194] One of the regions may have the shape of a geometric figure, such as a triangle, a square, or a circle. Several of the regions may have the shape of a geometric figure, such as a triangle, a square, or a circle. Each of the regions may have the shape of a geometric figure, such as a triangle, a square, or a circle. One of the regions may have an irregular shape. Several of the regions may have an irregular shape. Each of the regions may have an irregular shape.

[0195] The first section 21a may have at least two regions that are clearly visible to the viewer at the second viewing angle. The at least two regions may have a different shape. The at least two regions may have the same shape.

[0196] In Figure 3c A second section 21b of the subject area 20 is shown as an example at a second viewing angle. In the second section 21b, a second subject 30b may be visible to the viewer.

[0197] At the second viewing angle, not the entire area of ​​the second portion 21b may be clearly visible to the viewer. The area of ​​the second portion 21b may be larger than the area of ​​the second motif 30b. The area of ​​part 22b of the second portion 21b may be smaller than the area of ​​the second portion 21b. The area of ​​part 22b of the second portion 21b may be equal to the area of ​​the second motif 30b.

[0198] The second section 21b may comprise a region 25b that is darkly visible to the viewer at the second viewing angle. The second section 21b may comprise at least two, preferably at least three, regions that are darkly visible to the viewer at the second viewing angle.

[0199] A region 25b of the second section 21b that is darkly visible to the viewer at the second viewing angle may have the shape of a geometric figure, for example, a triangle, a quadrilateral, or a circle. A region 25b of the second section 21b that is darkly visible to the viewer at the second viewing angle may have an irregular shape.

[0200] The second section 21b may have a plurality of regions 25b, 26b, 27b that are darkly visible to the viewer at the second viewing angle.

[0201] One of the regions 25b can have the shape of a geometric figure, for example a triangle, a square, or a circle. Several of the regions 25b, 26b can have the shape of a geometric figure, for example a triangle, a square, or a circle. Each of the regions 25b, 26b, 27b can have the shape of a geometric figure, for example a triangle, a square, or a circle. One of the regions 25b can have an irregular shape. Several of the regions 25b, 26b can have an irregular shape. Each of the regions 25b, 26b, 27b can have an irregular shape.

[0202] The second section 21b can have at least two regions 25b, 27b that are visible to the viewer as dark at the second viewing angle. The at least two regions 25b, 27b can have a different shape. The at least two regions 25b, 26b can have the same shape.

[0203] Under the first viewing angle, not the entire area of ​​the second section 21b can be darkly visible to the observer. This is analogous to the exemplary representation in Figure 3c .

[0204] The second section 21b may comprise a region that is clearly visible to the viewer at the first viewing angle. The second section 21b may comprise at least two, preferably at least three, regions that are clearly visible to the viewer at the first viewing angle.

[0205] A region of the second portion 21b that is clearly visible to the viewer at the first viewing angle may have the shape of a geometric figure, such as a triangle, a quadrilateral, or a circle. A region of the second portion 21b that is clearly visible to the viewer at the first viewing angle may have an irregular shape.

[0206] The second portion 21b may have a plurality of areas that are brightly visible to the viewer at the first viewing angle.

[0207] One of the regions may have the shape of a geometric figure, such as a triangle, a square, or a circle. Several of the regions may have the shape of a geometric figure, such as a triangle, a square, or a circle. Each of the regions may have the shape of a geometric figure, such as a triangle, a square, or a circle. One of the regions may have an irregular shape. Several of the regions may have an irregular shape. Each of the regions may have an irregular shape.

[0208] The second section 21b may have at least two regions that are clearly visible to the viewer at the first viewing angle. The at least two regions may have a different shape. The at least two regions may have the same shape.

[0209] A region 25a of the first section 21a that is darkly visible at the first viewing angle can be brightly visible at the second viewing angle. Several of the regions 25a, 26a, 27a of the first section 21a that are darkly visible at the first viewing angle can be brightly visible at the second viewing angle. All of the regions 25a, 26a, 27a of the first section 21a that are darkly visible at the first viewing angle can be brightly visible at the second viewing angle.

[0210] A region 25b of the second section 21b that is darkly visible at the second viewing angle can be brightly visible at the first viewing angle. Several of the regions 25b, 26b, 27b of the second section 21b that are darkly visible at the second viewing angle can be brightly visible at the first viewing angle. All regions 25b, 26b, 27b of the second section 21b that are darkly visible at the second viewing angle can be brightly visible at the first viewing angle.

[0211] Figure 4 shows on the left a subject area 20 under a first viewing angle and on the right a subject area 20 under a second viewing angle.

[0212] In the subject area 20, a first subject 30a may be at least partially visible to the viewer at the first viewing angle. The first subject 30a may be the brightly visible part 22a in the first section 21a. The part of the first subject 30a may be a brightly visible part 22a in the first section 21a.

[0213] The first motif 30a may have a contour 31a. The first motif 30a may have a motif shape 32a. The motif shape 32a may be determined by the contour 31a of the first motif 30a.

[0214] In the motif area 20, at least two, preferably at least three, more preferably at least five, first motifs 30a can be visible to the viewer. The motifs 30a cannot all be visible from one viewing angle. The motifs 30a can only be visible from multiple viewing angles.

[0215] At least two of the first motifs 30a in the motif area 20 can have the same motif shape 32a. All of the first motifs 30a in the motif area 20 can have the same motif shape 32a. At least two of the first motifs 30a in the motif area 20 can have different motif shapes 32a. All of the first motifs 30a in the motif area 20 can have different motif shapes 32a.

[0216] At least two of the first motifs 30a can be visible to the viewer in the motif area 20 at the first viewing angle, rotated relative to one another. At least two of the first motifs 30a can be visible to the viewer in the motif area 20 at the first viewing angle, unrotated relative to one another. At least two of the first motifs 30a can be visible to the viewer in the motif area 20 at the first viewing angle, oriented identically to one another.

[0217] At least two of the first motifs 30a can be rotated relative to each other by between 10° and 350°, preferably by between 30° and 330°, more preferably by between 50° and 310°, more preferably by between 70° and 290°, more preferably by between 90° and 270°, more preferably by between 110° and 250°, more preferably by between 130° and 230°, more preferably by between 150° and 210°, more preferably by between 170° and 190°.

[0218] The rotation may be a clockwise rotation. The rotation may be in a plane defined by the subject area 20, particularly from the viewer's perspective.

[0219] Along one direction, for example, along the y-axis direction, first motifs 30a can be visible to the viewer at the first viewing angle when oriented identically to one another. Along one direction, for example, along the x-axis direction, first motifs 30a can be visible to the viewer at the first viewing angle when oriented identically to one another.

[0220] In the subject area 20, a second subject 30b may be at least partially visible to the viewer at the second viewing angle. The second subject 30b may be the brightly visible part 22b in the second section 21b. The part of the second subject 30b may be a brightly visible part 22b in the second section 21b.

[0221] The second motif 30b may have a contour 31b. The second motif 30b may have a motif shape 32b. The motif shape 32b may be determined by the contour 31b of the second motif 30b.

[0222] In the motif area 20, at least two, preferably at least three, more preferably at least five, second motifs 30b can be visible to the viewer. The motifs 30b cannot all be visible from one viewing angle. The motifs 30b can only be visible from multiple viewing angles.

[0223] At least two of the second motifs 30b in the motif area 20 can have the same motif shape 32b. All of the second motifs 30b in the motif area 20 can have the same motif shape 32b. At least two of the second motifs 30b in the motif area 20 can have different motif shapes 32b. All of the second motifs 30b in the motif area 20 can have different motif shapes 32b.

[0224] At least two of the second motifs 30b can be visible to the viewer in the motif area 20 at the first viewing angle, rotated relative to one another. At least two of the second motifs 30b can be visible to the viewer in the motif area 20 at the first viewing angle, unrotated relative to one another. At least two of the second motifs 30b can be visible to the viewer in the motif area 20 at the first viewing angle, oriented identically to one another.

[0225] At least two of the second motifs 30b can be rotated relative to each other by between 10° and 350°, preferably by between 30° and 330°, more preferably by between 50° and 310°, more preferably by between 70° and 290°, more preferably by between 90° and 270°, more preferably by between 110° and 250°, more preferably by between 130° and 230°, more preferably by between 150° and 210°, more preferably by between 170° and 190°.

[0226] The rotation may be a clockwise rotation. The rotation may be in a plane defined by the subject area 20, particularly from the viewer's perspective.

[0227] Along one direction, for example, along the y-axis direction, second motifs 30b can be visible to the viewer at the second viewing angle, oriented identically to one another. Along one direction, for example, along the x-axis direction, second motifs 30b can be visible to the viewer at the second viewing angle, oriented identically to one another.

[0228] The first motif 30a, visible to the viewer at the first viewing angle, may be visible to the viewer rotated relative to the second motif 30b, visible to the viewer at the second viewing angle. All of the first motifs 30a visible to the viewer at the first viewing angle may be visible to the viewer rotated relative to all of the second motifs 30b, visible to the viewer at the second viewing angle.

[0229] At least one of the first motifs 30a, which is visible from the first viewing angle to the viewer, can be rotated relative to at least one of the second motifs 30b, which is visible from the second viewing angle to the viewer, by between 10° and 170°, preferably by between 30° and 150°, more preferably by between 50° and 130°, more preferably by between 70° and 110°, more preferably by between 80° and 100°.

[0230] The rotation may be a clockwise rotation. The rotation may be in a plane defined by the subject area 20, particularly from the viewer's perspective.

[0231] In Figure 5 a motif area 20 is shown, wherein a kinematic effect is indicated by way of example by a main motif 70, in particular by a brightly lit section or a bright-looking section. The main motif 70 is in Figure 5 indicated by an oblique hatching of sections 71, 72 of the motif area 20, whereby the sections 71, 72 do not appear bright or appear less bright than the main motif 70. The main motif 70 is the non-hatched area.

[0232] The main subject 70 may include bright sections and dark sections. Even if the main subject 70 is a bright-looking section or a brightly lit section, the main subject may include bright and dark sections.

[0233] In the main motif 70, at least a part of a motif 30b may be visible to the viewer.

[0234] In the main subject 70, the subject area 20 may appear brighter, at least in sections, than outside the main subject 70.

[0235] For example, the main motif 70 may be visible to the viewer over at least 1%, preferably at least 3%, more preferably at least 5%, more preferably at least 7%, more preferably at least 10%, more preferably at least 20%, of the height of the motif area 20.

[0236] The main motif 70 can be visible to the viewer over a maximum of 50%, preferably a maximum of 40%, more preferably a maximum of 30%, more preferably a maximum of 20%, more preferably a maximum of 10%, of the height of the motif area 20.

[0237] The main motif 70 can be visible from the viewer over between 1% and 50%, preferably between 3% and 40%, more preferably between 5% and 30%, more preferably between 5% and 20%, of the height of the motif area 20.

[0238] The height of the subject area 20 can be in the y-direction.

[0239] The main motif 70 can be visible to the viewer over at least 10%, preferably at least 20%, more preferably at least 30%, more preferably at least 40%, more preferably at least 50%, more preferably at least 60%, more preferably at least 70%, more preferably at least 80%, more preferably at least 90%, more preferably at least 95%, of the width of the motif area 20. Particularly preferably, the main motif 70 is visible to the viewer across the entire width of the motif area 20.

[0240] The width of the subject area 20 can be in the x-direction.

[0241] The main motif 70 can be visible to the viewer unchanged by tilting the security element 10 about the first axis, for example, the y-axis. The position of the main motif 70 can be visible to the viewer unchanged by tilting the security element 10 about the first axis, for example, the y-axis. The position of the main motif 70 can be independent of tilting the security element 10 about the first axis, for example, the y-axis.

[0242] Figure 6 shows a subject area 20 at the top under a first viewing angle and a subject area 20 at the bottom under a third viewing angle.

[0243] Under the first viewing angle, the main subject 70 in the subject area 20 may be visible to the viewer at a first position. Under the third viewing angle, the main subject 70 in the subject area 20 may be visible to the viewer at a second position.

[0244] A transition from the first viewing angle to the third viewing angle can be carried out by tilting the security element 10 about a second axis, for example the x-axis.

[0245] In Figure 6 Tilting around the x-axis is indicated by the double arrow. The y symbolizes tilting along the y-axis.

[0246] By tilting the security element 10, the main motif 70 can change its position depending on the viewing angle. A change in the position of the main motif 70 by tilting the security element 10 can have a continuous effect on the viewer.

[0247] A change in position of the main motif 10 can be visible to the viewer over at least 10%, preferably at least 20%, more preferably at least 30%, more preferably at least 40%, more preferably at least 50%, more preferably at least 60%, more preferably at least 70%, more preferably at least 80%, more preferably at least 90%, of the height or width of the motif area 20 by tilting the security element 10.

[0248] When the security element is tilted about the second axis, the first motif 30a can be visible to the viewer unchanged. When the security element is tilted about the second axis, all of the first motifs 30a can be visible to the viewer unchanged. When the security element is tilted about the second axis, all of the first motifs 30a outside of the main motif 70 can be visible to the viewer unchanged.

[0249] When the security element is tilted about the second axis, the second motif 30b can be visible to the viewer unchanged. When the security element is tilted about the second axis, all of the second motifs 30b can be visible to the viewer unchanged. When the security element is tilted about the second axis, all of the second motifs 30b outside of the main motif 70 can be visible to the viewer unchanged.

[0250] The main motif 70 is an example of a kinematic effect that can be visible to the viewer due to a tilting of the security element around the second axis.

[0251] Other kinematic effects may be visible to the viewer analogous to the change in position of the main subject 70 in the subject area 20 described as an example.

[0252] For example, tilting the security element 10 may cause a change in the position, size, and / or shape of the first motif 30a to become visible. Alternatively or additionally, tilting the security element 10 may cause a change in the position, size, and / or shape of the second motif 30b to become visible.

[0253] Figure 7 shows a subject area 20 at the top left under a first viewing angle, the subject area 20 at the top right under a second viewing angle, the subject area 20 at the bottom left under a third viewing angle and the subject area 20 at the bottom right under a fourth viewing angle.

[0254] At least part of a first motif 30a in the motif area 20 is visible to the viewer at the first viewing angle. A main motif 70, in particular a bright-looking section, is visible at a first position in the motif area 20 at the first viewing angle.

[0255] At the second viewing angle, at least part of a second motif 30b in the motif area 20 is visible to the viewer. A main motif 70, in particular a bright-looking section, is visible at a first position in the motif area 20 at the second viewing angle.

[0256] At the third viewing angle, at least part of a first motif 30a in the motif area 20 is visible to the viewer. A main motif 70, in particular a bright-looking section, is visible at a second position in the motif area 20 at the third viewing angle.

[0257] At the fourth viewing angle, at least part of a first motif 30b in the motif area 20 is visible to the viewer. A main motif 70, in particular a bright-looking section, is visible at a second position in the motif area 20 at the fourth viewing angle.

[0258] A transition from the first viewing angle to the second viewing angle can be implemented by tilting the security element 10 about a first axis, for example, about the y-axis. A transition from the second viewing angle to the first viewing angle can be implemented by tilting the security element 10 about a first axis, for example, about the y-axis.

[0259] A transition from the first viewing angle to the third viewing angle can be implemented by tilting the security element 10 about a second axis, for example, about the x-axis. A transition from the third viewing angle to the first viewing angle can be implemented by tilting the security element 10 about a second axis, for example, about the x-axis.

[0260] A transition from the second viewing angle to the fourth viewing angle can be implemented by tilting the security element 10 about a second axis, for example, about the x-axis. A transition from the fourth viewing angle to the second viewing angle can be implemented by tilting the security element 10 about a second axis, for example, about the x-axis.

[0261] A transition from the third viewing angle to the fourth viewing angle can be implemented by tilting the security element 10 about a first axis, for example, about the y-axis. A transition from the fourth viewing angle to the third viewing angle can be implemented by tilting the security element 10 about a first axis, for example, about the y-axis.

[0262] The flip effect and the kinematic effect described above can therefore be visible to the observer by tilting the security element 10 around different axes.

[0263] When the security element 10 is tilted about the first axis, the visibility of the motifs may change. For example, before the security element 10 is tilted about the first axis, at least part of a first motif 30a may be visible to the viewer, and after the security element 10 is tilted about the first axis, at least part of a second motif 30b may be visible to the viewer. Before the security element 10 is tilted about the first axis, no part of a second motif 30b may be visible to the viewer, and after the security element 10 is tilted about the first axis, no part of a first motif 30a may be visible to the viewer.

[0264] When the security element 10 is tilted about the first axis, no (further) kinematic effect can be visible in the security element 10. In particular, a position of a main motif 70, in particular of a bright-looking section, cannot change due to tilting of the security element 10 about the first axis.

[0265] When the security element 10 is tilted about the second axis, a kinematic effect may be visible in the motif area. For example, before the security element 10 is tilted about the second axis, a main motif 70 may be visible to the viewer at a first position, and after the security element 10 is tilted about the second axis, the main motif 70 may be visible to the viewer at a second position.

[0266] When the security element 10 is tilted about the second axis, at least in sections, no change in the visibility of the motifs in the security element 10 may be visible. In particular, when the security element 10 is tilted about the second axis, either at least part of a first motif 30a or at least part of a second motif 30b may be visible to the viewer in the motif area 20.

[0267] Figure 8 shows, analogous to Figure 7 , top left a subject area 20 under a first viewing angle, top right the subject area 20 under a second viewing angle, bottom left the subject area 20 under a third viewing angle and bottom right the subject area 20 a fourth viewing angle.

[0268] At least part of a first motif 30a in the motif area 20 is visible to the viewer at the first viewing angle. A main motif 70, in particular a bright-looking section, is visible at a first position in the motif area 20 at the first viewing angle.

[0269] At the second viewing angle, at least part of a second motif 30b in the motif area 20 is visible to the viewer. A main motif 70, in particular a bright-looking section, is visible at a first position in the motif area 20 at the second viewing angle.

[0270] At the third viewing angle, at least part of a first motif 30a in the motif area 20 is visible to the viewer. A main motif 70, in particular a bright-looking section, is visible at a second position in the motif area 20 at the third viewing angle.

[0271] At the fourth viewing angle, at least part of a first motif 30b in the motif area 20 is visible to the viewer. A main motif 70, in particular a bright-looking section, is visible at a second position in the motif area 20 at the fourth viewing angle.

[0272] In the example of Figure 8 The first motif 30a is a fish and the second motif 30b is a bird. At least a portion of the first motif 30a is visible at the first viewing angle, and at least a portion of the second motif 30b is visible at the second viewing angle.

[0273] The first motif 30a and the second motif 30b can be different. The first motif 30a and the second motif 30b cannot be the same.

[0274] At least one of the first motifs 30a visible in the motif area 20 can be different from at least one of the second motifs 30b visible in the motif area 20. Several of the first motifs 30a visible in the motif area 20 can be different from at least one of the second motifs 30b visible in the motif area 20. All of the first motifs 30a visible in the motif area 20 can be different from at least one of the second motifs 30b visible in the motif area 20.

[0275] Several of the first motifs 30a visible to the viewer in the motif area 20 may be identical to one another. All of the first motifs 30a visible to the viewer in the motif area 20 may be identical to one another.

[0276] Several of the second motifs 30b visible to the viewer in the motif area 20 may be identical to one another. All of the second motifs 30b visible to the viewer in the motif area 20 may be identical to one another.

[0277] The above, especially with regard to the Figures 1 to 7 , described is for the example of Figure 8 valid.

[0278] Aspects of the solution: Aspect 1. An optically variable security element (10) with a motif area (20), wherein (a) the motif area (20) comprises at least a first section (21a) and at least a second section (21b); (b) at least a part (22a) of the first section (21a) of the motif area (20) is brightly visible to an observer at least at a first viewing angle, and at least a part (22b) of the second section (21b) of the motif area (20) is dark at least at the first viewing angle, such that at least a part of a first motif (30a) is brightly visible to the observer at the first viewing angle; (c) the part (22a) of the first section (21a) of the motif area (20) is dark at least at a second viewing angle, and the part of the second section (21b) of the motif area (20) is brightly visible to the observer at least at the second viewing angle.such that at least part of a second motif (30b) is brightly visible to the viewer at the second viewing angle; (d) a transition from the first viewing angle to the second viewing angle can be carried out by tilting the optically variable security element (10) about a first axis; (e) wherein a main motif (70) of the motif area (20) is also visible to the viewer through the brightly visible or dark parts (22a, 22b) of the sections (21a, 21b); (f) by tilting the optically variable security element (10) about a second axis, which is non-parallel to the first axis, a kinematic effect is visible to the viewer in the motif area (20). Aspect 2. Optically variable security element (10) according to one of the preceding aspects,wherein the first section (21a) of the motif area (20) and the second section (21b) of the motif area (20) directly adjoin one another or wherein the first section (21a) of the motif area (20) and the second section (21b) of the motif area (20) are spaced apart from one another. Aspect 3. Optically variable security element (10) according to one of the preceding aspects, wherein the motif area (20) comprises a section that is visible to the viewer as light or dark under both the first viewing angle and the second viewing angle. Aspect 4. Optically variable security element (10) according to one of the preceding aspects,wherein the main motif (70) is visible to the viewer at the first and second viewing angles; in particular, at the first viewing angle, it is visible through the brightly visible part of the first motif of the at least one first section (21a) and / or the brightly visible first motifs of a plurality of first sections (21a); ​​and / or at the second viewing angle, it is visible through the brightly visible part of the second motif of the at least one second section (21a) and / or the brightly visible second motifs of a plurality of second sections (21a); ​​and / or is more easily recognizable by tilting about the first and / or second axis. Aspect 5. Optically variable security element (10) according to one of the preceding aspects, wherein the first motif (30a) has a first motif shape (32a) and the second motif (30b) has a second motif shape (32b),wherein the first motif shape (32a) is the same as the second motif shape (32b) or wherein the first motif shape (32a) is different from the second motif shape (32b). Aspect 6. Optically variable security element (10) according to one of the preceding aspects, wherein the first motif (30a) is visible to the observer rotated relative to the second motif (30b), in particular wherein the first motif (30a) can be made to coincide with the second motif (30b) by rotation or wherein the first motif (30a) cannot be made to coincide with the second motif (30b) by rotation. Aspect 7. Optically variable security element (10) according to one of the preceding aspects, wherein the first motif (30a) has a first contour (31a) and the second motif (30b) has a second contour (31b), wherein the first contour (31a) and the second contour (31b) each comprise at least two curved sections. Aspect 8. Optically variable security element (10) according to one of the preceding aspects,wherein at least two, preferably at least three, more preferably at least five, first sections (21a) in the motif area (20) are visible to the viewer, and at least two, preferably at least three, more preferably at least five, second sections (21b) in the motif area (20) are visible to the viewer. Aspect 9. Optically variable security element (10) according to one of the preceding aspects,wherein: a respective position of the first section (21a) and the second section (21b) does not change when the optically variable security element (10) is tilted about the second axis; and / or the part (22a) of the first section (21a) is visible as bright or dark when the optically variable security element (10) is tilted about the second axis; and / or the part (22b) of the second section (21b) is visible as bright or dark when the optically variable security element (10) is tilted about the second axis. Aspect 10. Optically variable security element (10) according to one of the preceding aspects, wherein a surface of the first section (21a) of the motif region (20) is at least 60% brightly visible to the observer at least at the first viewing angle,and a surface of the second section (21b) of the motif area (20) is at least 60% darkly visible to the observer at least at the first viewing angle; and / or wherein a surface of the first section (21a) of the motif area (20) is at least 60% darkly visible to the observer at least at the second viewing angle, and a surface of the second section (21b) of the motif area (20) is at least 60% brightly visible to the observer at least at the second viewing angle. Aspect 11. Optically variable security element (10) according to one of the preceding aspects, wherein the optically variable security element (10) defines an xy plane and comprises a plurality of facets (111), wherein the facets (111) are tilted relative to the xy plane. Aspect 12. Optically variable security element (10) according to aspect 11,wherein each of the facets (111) defines a normal vector (n) with a first orientation component and a second orientation component. Aspect 13. The optically variable security element (10) according to aspect 12, wherein a change from the part (22a) of the first section (21a) that is brightly visible to the observer to the part (22a) of the first section (21a) that is darkly visible to the observer is determined by the first orientation components of the normal vectors (n); and / or wherein a change from the part (22b) of the second section (21b) that is darkly visible to the observer to the part (22b) of the second section (21b) that is brightly visible to the observer is determined by the first orientation components of the normal vectors (n). Aspect 14. Optically variable security element (10) according to one of the preceding aspects, wherein the kinematic effect comprises a relative movement of the main motif (70) to the first motif (30a) and / or to the second motif (30b),in particular to the first motifs (30a) of the first sections (21a) and / or to the second motifs (30b) of the second sections (21b); the kinematic effect comprises a change in the position, size, or shape of the main motif (70), in particular of a brighter-looking section; and / or the kinematic effect comprises a change in the position of the first motif (30a) and / or the second motif (30b); and / or the kinematic effect comprises a change in the size of the first motif (30a) and / or the second motif (30b); and / or the kinematic effect comprises a change in the shape of the first motif (30a) and / or the second motif (30b). Aspect 15. Optically variable security element (10) according to one of the preceding aspects, wherein the kinematic effect is visible to the viewer over at least 10% of the height or width of the motif area (20). Aspect 16. Optically variable security element (10) according to one of aspects 11 to 15,wherein the kinematic effect is determined by the second orientation components of the normal vectors (n). Aspect 17. A value document (100) with an optically variable security element (10) according to one of the preceding aspects. LIST OF REFERENCE SYMBOLS

[0279] 10Security element 20Motive area 21aFirst section 22aPart of the first section 25aArea 26aArea 27aArea 21bSecond section 22bPart of the second section 25bArea 26bArea 27bArea 30aFirst motif 31aContour 32aMotif shape 30bSecond motif 31bContour 32bMotif shape 70Main motif 71Section outside the main motif 72Section outside the main motif 100Value document

Claims

1. An optically variable security element (10) having a motif region (20), wherein (a) the motif region (20) comprises first sections (21a) and second sections (21b); (b) at least a part (22a) of the first section (21a) of the motif region (20) is brightly visible to an observer at least at a first viewing angle and at least a part (22b) of the second section (21b) of the motif region (20) is dark at least at the first viewing angle, so that at least a part of a first motif (30a) is brightly visible to the observer at the first viewing angle;(c) the part (22a) of the first section (21a) of the motif area (20) is dark at least at a second viewing angle, and the part of the second section (21b) of the motif area (20) is brightly visible to the viewer at least at the second viewing angle, so that at least part of a second motif (30b) is brightly visible to the viewer at the second viewing angle; (d) a transition from the first viewing angle to the second viewing angle can be carried out by tilting the optically variable security element (10) about a first axis, (e) a kinematic effect is visible to the viewer in the motif area (20) by tilting the optically variable security element (10) about a second axis which is non-parallel to the first axis; characterized in that(f1) the main motif (70) of the motif area (20) is also visible to the viewer through the brightly visible or dark parts (22a, 22b) of the sections (21a, 21b), (f2) the main motif (70) is visible to the viewer at the first and second viewing angles, (f3) the main motif (70) is visible to the viewer at the first viewing angle through the brightly visible first motifs (30a) of a plurality of first sections (21a) and at the second viewing angle through the brightly visible second motifs (30b) of a plurality of second sections (21a); ​​and (f4) the kinematic effect comprises - a change in the size of the first motif (30a) and / or the second motif (30b); and / or - a change in the shape of the first motif (30a) and / or the second motif (30b).

2. Optically variable security element (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the first section (21a) of the motif area (20) and the second section (21b) of the motif area (20) directly adjoin one another or wherein the first section (21a) of the motif area (20) and the second section (21b) of the motif area (20) are spaced apart from one another.

3. Optically variable security element (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the motif area (20) comprises a portion which is visible to the observer as light or dark under both the first viewing angle and the second viewing angle.

4. Optically variable security element (10) according to one of the preceding claims, the main motif (70) is more easily recognizable by tilting about the first and / or the second axis.

5. Optically variable security element (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the first motif (30a) has a first motif shape (32a) and the second motif (30b) has a second motif shape (32b), wherein the first motif shape (32a) is the same as the second motif shape (32b) or wherein the first motif shape (32a) is different from the second motif shape (32b).

6. Optically variable security element (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the first motif (30a) is visible to the observer rotated relative to the second motif (30b), in particular wherein the first motif (30a) can be made to coincide with the second motif (30b) by a rotation or wherein the first motif (30a) cannot be made to coincide with the second motif (30b) by a rotation.

7. Optically variable security element (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the first motif (30a) has a first contour (31a) and the second motif (30b) has a second contour (31b), wherein the first contour (31a) and the second contour (31b) each comprise at least two curved sections.

8. Optically variable security element (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least two, preferably at least three, more preferably at least five, first sections (21a) in the motif area (20) are visible to the observer and at least two, preferably at least three, more preferably at least five, second sections (21b) in the motif area (20) are visible to the observer.

9. An optically variable security element (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein: - a respective position of the first portion (21a) and of the second portion (21b) does not change when the optically variable security element (10) is tilted about the second axis; and / or - the part (22a) of the first portion (21a) is visible as bright or dark when the optically variable security element (10) is tilted about the second axis; and / or - the part (22b) of the second portion (21b) is visible as bright or dark when the optically variable security element (10) is tilted about the second axis.

10. The optically variable security element (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a surface of the first portion (21a) of the motif area (20) is at least 60% brightly visible to the observer at least at the first viewing angle, and a surface of the second portion (21b) of the motif area (20) is at least 60% darkly visible to the observer at least at the first viewing angle; and / or wherein a surface of the first portion (21a) of the motif area (20) is at least 60% darkly visible to the observer at least at the second viewing angle, and a surface of the second portion (21b) of the motif area (20) is at least 60% brightly visible to the observer at least at the second viewing angle.

11. An optically variable security element (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising an arrangement of specularly reflecting microreflectors, wherein - a dimension of each of the microreflectors is between 2 µm and 300 µm; and / or - a color-shifting or color-filtering multilayer system is applied to the microreflectors.

12. Optically variable security element (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the optically variable security element (10) defines an xy plane and comprises a plurality of facets (111), wherein the facets (111) are tilted relative to the xy plane, wherein preferably each of the facets (111) defines a normal vector (n) with a first orientation component and a second orientation component.

13. The optically variable security element (10) according to claim 12, wherein a change from the part (22a) of the first section (21a) that is brightly visible to the observer to the part (22a) of the first section (21a) that is darkly visible to the observer is determined by the first orientation components of the normal vectors (n); and / or wherein a change from the part (22b) of the second section (21b) that is darkly visible to the observer to the part (22b) of the second section (21b) that is brightly visible to the observer is determined by the first orientation components of the normal vectors (n).

14. Optically variable security element (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the kinematic effect comprises a relative movement of the main motif (70) to the first motif (30a) and / or to the second motif (30b), in particular to the first motifs (30a) of the first sections (21a) and / or to the second motifs (30b) of the second sections (21b); and / or the motifs have a size of at least 1.0 mm.

15. Optically variable security element (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the kinematic effect is visible to the observer over at least 10% of the height or width of the motif area (20).

16. Optically variable security element (10) according to one of claims 11 to 15, wherein the kinematic effect is determined by the second orientation components of the normal vectors (n).

17. A value document (100) with an optically variable security element (10) according to one of the preceding claims.

Images