Telescopic crown, dental prosthesis having such a telescopic crown, and method for producing a prosthetic device having a dental prosthesis

Abstract

A telescopic crown (30) for fixing a removable dental prosthesis (2) on a tooth (6) or on an inserted dental implant in the oral cavity of a patient, the telescopic crown comprising a male element (14, 14´, 14´´), which can be fixed on the tooth (6) or on the dental implant, and a female element (18), which can be fitted onto the male element and attached to the dental prosthesis (2), is designed to allow a dental prosthesis having a particularly precise fit to be provided with relatively little effort. For this purpose, according to the invention, the female element (18) is of a multi-part design and comprises an inner cap (32), which can be inserted onto the male element (14, 14´, 14´´), and an outer cap (34), which can be fastened on the dental prosthesis (2), wherein an intermediate body (36) made of thermoplastic material is arranged in the intermediate space between the inner cap and the outer cap (32, 34), the intermediate body connecting the inner cap and the outer cap to one another.

Description

[0001] Description

[0002] Telescopic crown, dental prosthesis with such a telescopic crown and method for producing a prosthetic restoration with a dental prosthesis

[0003] The invention relates to a telescopic crown for attaching a removable dental prosthesis to a tooth or an inserted dental implant in the oral cavity of a patient, comprising a male element that can be attached to the tooth or dental implant and a female element that can be attached to the male element and attached to the dental prosthesis. It further relates to a telescopic prosthesis, in particular for use as a dental prosthesis for replacing missing teeth, comprising a number of female elements of such a telescopic crown, as well as a method for producing a prosthetic restoration using such a dental prosthesis.

[0004] When teeth are lost, the usual goal is to replace them or at least close the gaps created by the loss. This can be achieved, for example, with so-called bridges. The teeth adjacent to the gap are filled, and a crown is fabricated, which replaces the lost teeth with appropriate bridge elements. The bridges are mechanically anchored to the ground-down teeth. A pendant can also be attached to a bridge, which provides support for a free-end situation. This type of situation can also be treated with removable clasp dentures, which are usually supported on natural teeth.

[0005] In addition to bridgework, lost teeth can also be replaced with endosseous implants. These typically use threaded pins as artificial tooth roots, to which the prosthesis can be anchored. This anchorage can also be fixed (screwed, cemented, or bonded) or removable. With removable anchorages, the adhesive forces that hold the prosthesis in position are usually based on a vacuum effect, friction, and / or retention.

[0006] When too few teeth remain in the patient's mouth, other solutions are usually used. One option is to remove all remaining teeth and use mucosal-supported dentures. These are inexpensive, but offer poor chewing comfort for the patient and are usually accompanied by bone loss in the upper and lower jaw.

[0007] The remaining teeth and / or endosseous implants are often used as abutments for removable restorations. A wide variety of solutions are available. Clasp dentures, electroplating techniques on implants or implant bars, conical clasp systems, ball head anchors, silicone-metal matrix-patrice systems, and other systems can be used.

[0008] In particular, so-called telescopic systems can be used, in which a dental prosthesis is removably attached to so-called telescopic crowns. These telescopic crowns are double crowns in which a "lower" or base crown, also referred to as the "primary crown", in particular a male element, is firmly attached in the manner of a conventional crown to a suitably prepared, e.g., ground, tooth or an inserted dental implant. On its upper side, this male element forms a contact pin to which an "upper" crown segment or matrix element, also referred to as the "secondary crown", can be attached, for example, clicked or plugged on, in a detachable or removable manner. The crown segments thus form a type of matrix-male element system.The upper crown segment, forming the matrix, then serves as a support for the prosthesis. The detachable connection of the crown segments allows the entire denture to be removed. Commonly used are parallel or conical telescopes, which can be cast, milled, or gold-plated.

[0009] During the production of all these systems, the patient's oral situation is usually recorded in a first step, for example by taking an impression using suitable impression material. The oral situation is then usually transferred to a physical model, such as a plaster model, or a virtual model. Using this model, the dental technician can then fabricate the prosthetics according to the situation and requirements, so that they can later be inserted into the patient's mouth with the greatest possible fit. The accuracy of fit is a very important factor, as a high level of fit is a prerequisite for the prosthesis to sit securely in the patient's mouth. Furthermore, a high level of fit also naturally requires a high level of comfort for the patient, so that they can feel as comfortable as possible with the prosthesis.The more precisely the prosthesis is manufactured, the more firmly it can fit in the patient's mouth, which in turn leads to a very high level of wearing and chewing comfort. Conversely, the more flexible the removable fixation is, the more loosely it fits in the patient's mouth. While this simplifies the manufacture of the prosthesis and reduces production costs, a particularly high level of fit is usually sought after, taking these aspects into account.

[0010] A problem that has emerged in this context is that the described transfer of the patient situation to a physical or virtual model can significantly contribute to undesirable inaccuracies in the fit.

[0011] In order to provide a highly precise matrix-patrice system, the matrices anchored in the denture can be cemented or bonded in the patient's mouth to avoid inaccuracies. However, this involves increased effort and correspondingly higher costs.

[0012] Furthermore, all these systems are subject to wear and tear due to repeated removal and insertion in the patient's mouth, which also varies depending on the system. This wear and tear should be kept to a minimum when designing new concepts.

[0013] Another function of removable restorations is that the adhesive strength should be reproducible and give the patient the feeling of having fixed teeth, while at the same time not jamming the denture when removed. This means that the adhesive strength should not be too high and, if possible, should be independent of the patient's previous purchasing power.

[0014] Currently, among the telescopic systems of the type described, matrix-patrice systems based on a gold-plated matrix on a ceramic matrix represent the most popular and, in terms of their properties, the best variant in terms of comfort and balance in the areas of adhesion or adhesive force and wear. Within the matrix-patrice system, they achieve the highest fit accuracy and thus also have optimal suction or negative pressure effect with regard to adhesive forces. Due to the high-precision fit, they also have very low wear. Since the system is usually conical in the area of ​​the matrix-patrice connection and rests occlusally, there is no conical self-locking in the system, which also prevents jamming during removal. The only disadvantages of these systems are the very complex manufacturing process and the very high price.

[0015] The high cost is justified as follows: The dentist takes an impression of the patient's situation. The dental technician creates a patient model. The male parts are acquired or purchased, some prefabricated on implants and cast on natural teeth using the CAD / CAM process (or previously cast). The female parts are then manufactured or purchased, some prefabricated on implants. A metal framework is then fabricated. The entire assembly is then sent to the dentist. The female part is then screwed, glued, or cemented onto the teeth or implants. The female part is then glued or cemented into the framework. This carries the risk of the female-male system becoming stuck together in the patient's mouth, which can lead to time-consuming removal. The entire assembly is then sent back to the dental technician so that the finished prosthesis can be created on the framework.Only then is the prosthesis finished and can it be finally inserted into the patient. The advantage, however, is that the fit inaccuracies of the usually four-molecule matrix-patrice systems can be minimized to a great extent by transferring the prosthesis from the patient to the model.

[0016] Currently, attempts are being made to replace the gold electroplating matrix with a plastic matrix, usually milled or 3D-printed. PTFE, PEEK, PPS, and plastics with similar properties are commonly used.

[0017] The invention is based on the object of providing a telescopic crown of the above-mentioned type, which avoids the disadvantages described and allows the provision of a dental prosthesis with a particularly high degree of fit at a comparatively low cost. Furthermore, a telescopic prosthesis particularly suitable for a particularly high degree of fit and a method for producing a prosthetic restoration using such a dental prosthesis are to be provided.

[0018] This object is achieved according to the invention with a telescopic crown of the above-mentioned type, in which the matrix element is designed in several parts and comprises an inner cap which can be plugged onto the patrix element and an outer cap which can be attached to the dental prosthesis, wherein an intermediate body made of thermoplastic material is arranged in the space between the inner and outer caps and connects them to one another.

[0019] The invention is based on the idea that a high degree of accuracy of fit of the prosthetic in the patient's mouth can be achieved by only relatively roughly adapting the components used to form the prosthetic to the patient's oral situation during the preparation phase, with the final adaptation and fine-tuning only taking place during insertion into the patient's mouth and in response to the resulting restoring forces and the like. To make this possible, one of the components, i.e. the matrix or the patrix, should be designed in such a way that final positioning and alignment only takes place during insertion into the oral cavity. For this purpose, the patrix or preferably the matrix is ​​​​constructed in several parts so that a first part - in this case the outer cap of the matrix - can already be firmly attached to the denture during preparation.The alignment of the inner cap relative to the outer cap, and thus the final positioning, should then occur during insertion in response to the forces occurring in the oral cavity. For this purpose, the inner cap of the matrix should be connected to its outer cap via an intermediate body which, according to the concept of the invention, gradually solidifies during or immediately after insertion, starting from an initially deformable state. Solidification should occur during insertion so that influences from the oral environment can be absorbed and the components can automatically align themselves optimally in response to the oral situation. Subsequently, i.e., after solidification, the optimized alignment of the components thus achieved should be suitably fixed.

[0020] For this purpose, for example, the inner cap could be connected to the outer cap via a cement or adhesive bond, which, with sufficient volume for the cement or adhesive, offers sufficient scope for optimizing the positioning and alignment of the components as long as the cement or adhesive is in the solidification phase. According to one aspect of the invention, however, the intermediate body is made of a thermoplastic material. During insertion, the intermediate body can be heated up beforehand so that a certain softening and thus deformability occurs. Insertion can then take place in this state so that the inner and outer caps are suitably aligned to one another according to the fine details of the oral situation. Upon cooling, the intermediate body then solidifies again while retaining this geometry, so that the desired optimization in positioning is suitably fixed.

[0021] The telescope system according to the invention particularly and preferably has one or more of the following aspects:

[0022] It is a matrix-pattern system

[0023] The male part is formed by the abutment, the prosthetic portion of a one-piece implant, or a cap fixed to a natural tooth. The female part is formed by a cap that is placed over the male part.

[0024] If the male part is designed as an abutment or as the part carrying the prosthesis, it advantageously has a diameter or, in the case of a non-round design, a cross-section of 2 mm to 8 mm, preferably 2 mm - 6 mm and particularly preferably 3 mm - 5 mm. The male part advantageously has a height of 2 mm to 8 mm, preferably 2 - 6 mm and particularly preferably 3 mm - 5 mm.

[0025] If the patrix is ​​designed as a cap on a natural tooth, the prepared tooth determines the cross-section and functional height. The preparation angle is advantageously 1° to 6°, particularly preferably 2° to 4°.

[0026] If the male part is designed as an abutment or as the prosthetic component, it is also possible to attach a cap to it. This cap is either occlusally closed or, in the case of an abutment, has an opening for access to the abutment screw.

[0027] - The male caps are preferably cemented / glued (adhesively attached). However, they can also be screwed. Alternatively, the adhesion / fixation can also be achieved via a conical self-locking mechanism.

[0028] The male part, designed as a cap on a natural tooth, an abutment or as the part carrying the prosthesis, is preferably made of titanium or titanium alloy, zirconium or zirconium alloy, tantalum or tantalum alloy, a non-precious metal or a ceramic based on zirconium dioxide (ZrO2) and or aluminum oxide (AI2O3) and or a silicate ceramic or an alloy of the metals or a mixture of the ceramics

[0029] Adhesion / the adhesive force between the male and female parts is based on a conical design (angle bisector = 2° - 10° ; 2° - 8° ; 4° - 6°) via suction effect

[0030] Adhesion / adhesive force between patrix and matrix is ​​based on a conical design (2° - 10° ; 2° - 8° ; 4° - 6°) via suction effect and additional retention by means of at least one circular undercut

[0031] The undercut is cut into the cone of the body part as a circumferential bead and preferably as a circumferential groove

[0032] The undercut is located in the conical area. Preferably, it is positioned in the apical half, the apical third, or the apical quarter of the conical portion.

[0033] The adhesion / holding force can but does not have to be additionally supported by a conical self-locking mechanism.

[0034] - Abutment preferably made of titanium or titanium alloy, zirconium or zirconium alloy, tantalum or tantalum alloy, a non-precious metal or a ceramic based on zirconium dioxide (ZrO2) and / or aluminum oxide (Al2O3)

[0035] According to an aspect considered to be independently inventive, the male part and / or in particular the female part is thus designed as a multi-part system, which, viewed in longitudinal section, can be understood as a multi-layer system, preferably a double or triple layer system. In an embodiment designed as a double-layer system or a two-part system, this preferably consists of an outer cap made of a metallic base material or preferably of a plastic, and particularly preferably of a biocompatible high-performance plastic, and the thermoplastic intermediate body facing the male part. Both plastics are preferably autoclavable, i.e., temperature-resistant up to at least 135°C. The plastic facing the male part is preferably designed with regard to its choice of material for

[0036] - low water absorption

[0037] - high mechanical strength

[0038] - high wear resistance

[0039] The plastic facing away from the male part, forming the outer cap, could be softer than the thermoplastic plastic facing the male part.

[0040] In an embodiment as a three-layer system or three-component system, the matrix element is designed according to one aspect of the invention:

[0041] - Like the double layer system and additionally an inner cap facing the male part

[0042] - the inner cap facing the prosthesis can be easily cemented / bonded to it - and is mechanically stronger than the other two plastics

[0043] - Easily mechanically bonded to the plastic facing the male part.

[0044] - Preferably made of titanium, zirconium, tantalum, or an alloy of at least one of the metals.

[0045] The inner cap of the matrix element should be able to be tilted or displaced relative to the outer cap during final alignment, i.e., during curing of the thermoplastic intermediate body. Advantageously, and according to one aspect of the invention, the inner cap is made of a plastic, preferably a high-performance plastic. According to one aspect of the invention, this plastic should have a softening temperature significantly above the softening temperature of the thermoplastic intermediate body, preferably 20, 25, or even 50% higher. Furthermore, the plastic forming the inner cap should have comparatively high abrasion resistance and mechanical strength, so that repeated removal and reinsertion of the telescopic crown is possible even without significant wear of these components. The inner cap is particularly preferably made of PEEK or a comparable plastic.The thermoplastic intermediate body provided according to one aspect of the invention can also be designed in the form of a layer, i.e. as a thermoplastic layer.

[0046] The introduction of such a thermoplastic layer can compensate for the inaccuracy of fit between the patient situation and the model situation at the dental technician.

[0047] The dental technician can complete the entire prosthesis on his model. The finished prosthesis can deviate from the actual patient situation in terms of the positions of the patrices relative to the matrices by a range of, for example, 50 μm to, for example, 250 μm. The introduction of the thermoplastic layer or the thermoplastic intermediate body provided according to one aspect of the invention is able to compensate for this. In order to be able to achieve this compensation, the thermoplastic layer should preferably have a corresponding thickness of at least 250 μm around the layer surrounding the patrice. When inserted into the patient's mouth, the thermoplastic layer is thermally brought above the softening point or the softening interval so that it is deformable. If the prosthesis is then inserted into the patient's mouth and the patient bites, the softened thermoplastic layer or intermediate body align themselves.The softened thermoplastic intermediate body "floats" the matrices precisely onto the patrixes. After cooling, the thermoplastic layer solidifies again, and the aligned positions of the matrices are retained. This process can be repeated several times as needed, even after extended wear.

[0048] In a particularly preferred embodiment, the thermoplastic layer or intermediate body is made of thermoplastic elastomer or thermoplastic silicone. The advantage is that the retention function, as a snap-fit, is more easily adjustable in force. Furthermore, an elastomer layer will not fatigue as quickly and its adhesive strength will not decrease. Furthermore, this also contributes to minimizing wear in the matrix-pattern system.

[0049] With regard to the shape and cross-section of the male-male system, several alternatives are conceivable in the inventive design. The simplest cross-sectional shape for the male-male system is considered to be a round design. This design is particularly suitable for systems on implants. However, depending on the required force transmission area, an oval design (elliptical, trioval, quadoval) may also be preferable. With a round cross-section, the space requirement increases with increasing cross-sectional diameter. The prosthesis fixed to the female-male system is also spatially limited in its ability to integrate the female, particularly in the buccal-palatal or buccal-lingual plane. In contrast, more space is available in the mesio-distal extension, since this is the orientation of the dental arch.In order to utilize the available space particularly effectively, oval designs may be advantageous according to one aspect of the invention, as they would allow for a larger force transmission area, friction area, and retention area. The radii of the cross-sections should preferably remain as oval as possible and should not contain any corners, straight sections, or concavely curved areas. Furthermore, radii smaller than 1.0 mm and especially smaller than 0.5 mm are unsuitable, as greater wear can be expected in these cases during retention.

[0050] With natural teeth, it may even be necessary to deviate from the round shape, since the remaining dentition of each patient may not be known prior to the actual treatment. Natural teeth are usually oval, not round, in cross-section. This means that a ground tooth does not have a round cross-section, and consequently, a round patrice design is rarely suitable. Rather, according to one aspect of the invention, oval / elliptical cross-sections can be advantageous and suitable in the anterior region, trioval for canines, and more quadoval in the posterior region. These can, of course, also have partially straight or concave areas.

[0051] According to one aspect of the invention, retention provided by the geometry is primarily provided in a mesio-distal orientation so that the caps on the stumps / abutments can be designed with comparatively thin walls in the buccal-palatal or buccal-lingual plane. The space required for the retention elements in the patrix preferably consists of a notched groove, which is then preferably only provided in the anterior and posterior areas where sufficient space is available. This concept can, of course, also be implemented for the patrixes of the abutments on the dental implants.

[0052] Accordingly, round or oval retentions are preferred as forms / designs in the matrix-pattern system, preferably circumferential, but not necessarily fully circumferential, especially in the case of non-circular cross-sections.

[0053] According to an aspect of the invention considered to be independently inventive, when using the telescopic crowns, the thermoplastic intermediate piece is heated to a temperature above its softening temperature immediately before insertion into the patient's mouth for the purpose of adjustment and position optimization, so that it becomes correspondingly deformable. According to an aspect considered to be independently inventive, a heating device is provided for this purpose, which is provided in a heating area with a number of heatable contact plugs whose outer contours are adapted to the contour of the male parts of the telescopic system. Thus, such a contact plug can be inserted into the corresponding female part instead of the actual male part.For heating, the respective die element can then be plugged onto one of these contact plugs, and subsequently, by heating the contact plug, the thermoplastic intermediate body of the die element can be heated to a temperature above its softening temperature.

[0054] The softening temperature of the thermoplastic layer or the thermoplastic intermediate body is selected, in particular through a suitable choice of material, above approximately 135°C. This is the temperature of common and conventional autoclaves, with which, for example, prostheses are autoclaved for preparation for use or for disinfection. According to one aspect of the invention, the material parameters of the intermediate body are selected such that, at the usual temperatures during such autoclaving, thermoplastic softening does not occur. So that even during such autoclaving, the position of the inner cap facing the male part does not change relative to the position of the outer cap facing the denture, and the position previously established according to the concept of the invention is also not changed during autoclaving.The lowest acceptable softening temperature for the material of the intermediate body should therefore preferably be in the range of 70°C - 80°C. These are temperatures that a patient is unlikely to reach even when cleaning their dentures using the home faucet, so that deposition of the inner cap facing the patrix due to deformation of the intermediate body during daily use can be ruled out.

[0055] When heating the components and immediately inserting the prosthesis for the purpose of finely aligning the components, especially the inner cap in relation to the outer cap, there is always a risk of thermal damage to the patient's mucosa and / or dental tissue (nerve) and / or bone (via heat conduction from the abutment and implant). For this reason, the softening temperature is preferably selected to be relatively low. In addition, the heat capacity of the thermoplastic material forming the intermediate body should be relatively low, which is certainly ensured due to the low thickness of the three-layer system. To achieve the softening temperature and avoid excessively rapid cooling before the final positioning of the inner cap facing the male part, it would be desirable to heat the entire prosthesis to the specified temperature.However, this is rather unsuitable for the intended treatment, as this would require the prosthesis to be inserted into the patient's mouth at temperatures of at least 70°C - 80°C. Even at temperatures above 40°C - 50°C, the patient would certainly experience severe pain, and above that, burns could even be expected. For this reason, according to one aspect of the invention, only the intermediate body, or the two- or three-layer system of the male part forming it, is heated accordingly.

[0056] To achieve this object, it has been found that, according to one aspect of the invention, heating should occur via the inner cap facing the male part. For this purpose, the heating device described above is particularly advantageous, as it has a heating element, preferably an electric heating element, geometrically adapted to the shape of the female part and thus pluggable into it. Telescopic dentures typically have two to six, and preferably four, abutments, each with one of the aforementioned male-female connections. Therefore, the heating device is preferably equipped with a plurality of, preferably six, of the aforementioned heating elements or contact plugs, so that all of the female parts of a dental prosthesis can be heated simultaneously and thus prepared for insertion.

[0057] By applying a defined amount of heat energy over a defined period of time, the amount of heat required to soften the intermediate body or the thermoelastic layer can be introduced into it, enabling the fine alignment of the layer facing the male molds. These heating elements, or male molds, are preferably made of a metal, preferably one with high thermal conductivity, particularly gold, for optimized heat dissipation. Their geometry is preferably as identical as possible to the actual male molds. Small grooves in the axial direction may be provided solely to facilitate removal, so that no negative pressure can build up after heating. If the thermoplastic layers are heated, removal could damage them if negative pressure is present.Furthermore, a handle is preferably formed behind the actual heating male part to allow the heating male parts to be easily inserted into the female parts and removed again.

[0058] Preferably, the heated males are equipped with an internal electric heater with integrated temperature control. This ensures that overheating cannot occur and thus damage the matrix-male system or the prosthesis itself. This control involves temperature sensors integrated into the heated males. However, the heated males can also be equipped with another heat source or be powered by an external heat source. Furthermore, it is also possible for the heated males to simply heat the thermoelastic layer using another energy source without being heated themselves.

[0059] The heating males are preferably connected to a central temperature control unit via cable connections. This unit preferably contains four or six connections in order to be able to control four or six heating males simultaneously. Alternatively, and depending on the intended use, such a unit could also be provided with a larger number of connections, for example with 6, 8, or 10. According to one aspect of the invention, there should be at least as many connections as are usually provided with supporting pillars in a prosthesis. This is at least three or four, but can also be 6 to 8. The heating males are preferably provided directly with a cable, but are connected to the control unit via a removable plug.

[0060] In a particularly preferred embodiment, the heating elements are equipped with rechargeable batteries that are stored in a single charging station. The temperature control unit is integrated into the heating elements.

[0061] With regard to their shape, it is advantageous for geometrically different die-male-male systems to also provide these different geometries for the heating males.

[0062] According to a further aspect of the invention, which is considered to be independently inventive, a ceramic can be provided as the material for the male part. Ceramic is particularly suitable as a male part material for aesthetic reasons. For example, the patient usually feels more comfortable when a denture is removed if the supporting abutments are tooth-colored rather than metallic. Metals are also good heat conductors. If the thermoplastic layer or the thermoplastic intermediate body is heated to compensate for the accuracy of fit, this heat is also transferred to the male part when it cools down. In implantological treatment, the heat energy is transferred from the abutment (male part) to the implant and from there to the bone, which can become necrotic and die if heated too much.Likewise, with natural teeth there is a risk that the heat will be transferred to still vital teeth and that the dental nerve will be damaged.

[0063] Although the thermal capacity of the thermoplastic layer and the male part is preferably chosen to be rather low, potential damage cannot currently be completely ruled out. Consequently, materials with relatively low thermal conductivity are particularly suitable as male part materials. Metal veneers made of plastic or ceramic are preferred. However, it is particularly important to note that male part caps made of solid ceramic, especially Al2O3 or a ZrC>2 ceramic, which are excellent heat shields, should be used preferentially.

[0064] According to an aspect considered to be independently inventive, metallic particles can be embedded in the thermoplastic intermediate body. The intended heating, up to the point of softening the thermoplastic layer, can then be achieved by induction and thus, if necessary, without contact.

[0065] According to a further aspect considered to be independently inventive, magnetic particles, such as iron or iron oxide, can be embedded in the thermoplastic intermediate body. The intended heating can then be carried out, in particular by generating friction, with an alternating magnetic field and thus also without contact.

[0066] According to a further aspect considered to be independently inventive, the inner cap facing the male part can be designed to be "floating" in the patient's mouth prior to insertion. This means that instead of the thermoplastic intermediate body, a cavity can initially be provided between the inner and outer caps. The dental technician then creates an access channel, which is filled by the dentist with an adhesive, elastomer, thermoplastic, or the like during insertion.

[0067] According to the embodiments described above, the matrix designed according to the concept of the invention is essentially to be regarded as a three-component component (or, viewed in cross-section, as a three-layer system) comprising the components inner cap, outer cap, and the intermediate body arranged between them. According to a further aspect of the invention, a further, i.e. fourth, component or layer can additionally be provided. In this case, according to this aspect of the invention, an outer fourth layer or component can be provided as the fourth layer, which in turn surrounds the outer cap on the outside and enables a detachable connection of the matrix element to the prosthesis or dental prosthesis. This makes it possible for the matrix element to be mechanically mounted on the prosthesis or dental prosthesis and to be easily dismantled again without causing any damage. This makes it possible to first firmly anchor the matrix or cap in the prosthesis and, if necessary, e.g.After several years of wear, the matrix is ​​relatively easy to remove and replace with a new multi-part matrix system. This allows for a particularly simple service replacement of an inserted matrix, for example, when the matrix begins to wear. It is particularly important that the adhesive force in this system is significantly higher than that of the matrix-patrix system. It should be a type of locking mechanism that, when changing, only damages or destroys the matrix being replaced. A special tool in the form of pliers or something similar would be advantageous.

[0068] In a further embodiment considered to be independently inventive, the multi-part matrix element can comprise an intermediate body made of light-curing plastic instead of or in addition to the thermoplastic intermediate body. This intermediate body could, for example, be incorporated in an uncured, i.e., still deformable, state according to the previously described procedure, so that the inner and outer caps of the matrix can be suitably aligned with each other. After this has been achieved, the intermediate body could, for example, be cured using UV light, thus fixing the received position.

[0069] With regard to the method, the above-mentioned object is achieved by first recording intraoral data reflecting the actual dentition situation in the patient's oral cavity and making it available for digitalized further processing, whereby on the basis of this data, preferably in a CAD system, a patrice element is selected from a number of basic patrice element types stored in a component library.

[0070] Especially in the particularly preferred production of a prosthesis for attachment to a dental implant, the intended recording of the intraoral data for the dentition situation can, in an advantageous embodiment considered to be independently inventive, include the recording of the exact position and orientation of the inserted dental implant in the patient's jawbone, whereby the abutment intended for attachment to the implant is suitably planned and manufactured on the basis of this data and taking into account the selected male element.

[0071] The advantages achieved by the invention are, in particular, that a system with reproducible adhesive force that is hardly dependent on chewing force and a particularly high level of fit can be provided with particularly low expenditure. The system exhibits very little wear, particularly due to the extremely high level of fit that can be achieved. Highly precise fits for high wearing and chewing comfort are achievable, and handling is simple and straightforward, i.e., the dental technician can fix the matrix in the prosthesis with minimal inaccuracy in the patient's mouth. Furthermore, the system has a particularly small footprint. An exemplary embodiment of the invention is explained in more detail with reference to the drawing. In the drawing:

[0072] FIG. 1 schematically shows a telescopic system for attaching a denture in the oral cavity of a patient,

[0073] FIG. 2 shows a longitudinal section through a telescopic crown of the system according to FIG. 1,

[0074] FIG. 3 shows a telescopic crown according to one aspect of the invention in longitudinal section,

[0075] FIG. 4 shows a matrix element of the telescopic crown, as shown in FIG. 3, in an exploded view in perspective partial section,

[0076] FIG. 5 shows the matrix element of the telescopic crown, as shown in FIG. 3 in exploded longitudinal section,

[0077] FIG. 6 shows a side view of a male element of the telescopic crown shown in FIG. 3, and an inner cap of the female element, whose inner contour is adapted to the outer contour of the male element shown in FIGS. 4, 5,

[0078] FIG. 7 shows a male element and the associated female element in pairs in different cross-sectional geometries,

[0079] FIG. 8 shows a sequence of assembly steps of the matrix element shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 in partial section in perspective view,

[0080] FIG. 9 shows a sequence of assembly steps of the matrix element shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 in longitudinal section,

[0081] FIG. 10 the matrix element according to Fig. 9d with “tilted” outer cap,

[0082] FIG. 11 shows an alternative embodiment of a matrix element in longitudinal section,

[0083] FIG. 12 shows a detail of a heater, FIGS. 13-17 each show an enlarged view of a contact plug of the heater according to FIG. 12,

[0084] FIG. 18 shows a telescopic crown intended for attachment to a dental implant in longitudinal section,

[0085] FIG. 19 shows a further alternative embodiment of a telescopic crown intended for mounting on a dental implant in longitudinal section,

[0086] FIG. 20 shows the telescopic crown according to FIG. 19 in exploded perspective view,

[0087] FIG. 21 shows the telescopic crown according to FIG. 19 in exploded view in partial section, and

[0088] FIG. 22 shows some variants of a male element mounted on an implant connecting screw.

[0089] Identical parts are provided with the same reference numerals in all figures.

[0090] The telescopic system 1 (see FIG. 1) is used for the removable attachment of a dental prosthesis 2 in the oral cavity of a patient. In the exemplary embodiment, a complete upper jaw prosthesis is shown as the dental prosthesis 2; however, other prostheses could of course also be provided alternatively, such as a bridge that closes a gap between several teeth of a remaining dentition, or even individual prostheses to replace a single tooth. The dental prosthesis 2 is designed for a detachable connection to a number of supporting pillars that are firmly arranged on the upper jaw 4 and thus in the oral cavity of the patient. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the supporting pillars are teeth 6 of a remaining dentition that remain in the patient's oral cavity and whose surfaces have been suitably ground down; however, alternatively, inserted dental implants could also be provided for this purpose.

[0091] The telescopic system 1 comprises a number of so-called telescopic crowns 10 - in the exemplary embodiment corresponding to the number of ground teeth 6 of the remaining teeth - with which the dental prosthesis 2 is removably attached to the upper jaw 4 and thus in the patient's oral cavity. Such a telescopic crown 10, as shown in a conventional design in longitudinal section in FIG. 2a in a single version and in FIG. 2b in longitudinal section as a fastening means for the dental prosthesis 2, essentially represents a double crown system. On the one hand, this comprises a "lower" or base crown 12, also referred to as the "primary crown", which is firmly attached in the manner of a conventional crown to a suitably prepared, e.g. ground, tooth 6 or an inserted dental implant. The primary crown 12, which is also visible in the illustration in FIG. 1 for the teeth 6 shown there, is in the illustrations in FIG.2 in the state attached to the respective tooth 6.

[0092] The primary crown 12 is designed, in a quite conventional manner, as a male element 14, which forms a contact pin 16 on its surface. An "upper" crown segment or female element 18, also referred to as a "secondary crown," can be detachably or removably attached to the male element 14 as the second essential component of the telescopic crown, for example, by clicking or plugging it on. In FIG. 2a, the sliding-on process is indicated by the arrows 20, whereas in FIG. 2b, the telescopic crown 10 is shown in the state with the female element 18 completely pushed onto the male element 14. In the type of matrix-pattern system of the telescopic crown O formed by the crown segments 14, 18, the “upper” crown segment 18 forming the matrix serves as a support for the dental prosthesis 2, which is suitably firmly connected to the matrix elements 18.

[0093] With telescopic systems 1 of the type described, the accuracy of fit of the dental prosthesis 2 in the patient's mouth is an important factor, since a high level of fit is a prerequisite for a secure fit of the prosthesis 2 in the patient's mouth. Furthermore, a high level of fit naturally also requires a high level of comfort for the patient, so that they can feel as good as possible with the prosthesis 2. The more precisely the prosthesis is manufactured, the more firmly it can fit in the patient's mouth, which in turn leads to very high levels of wearing and chewing comfort. However, with regard to common manufacturing methods, which usually first determine the dental situation in the patient's mouth and then transfer it to a physical or virtual model, based on which the restoration is then planned and manufactured, undesirable inaccuracies in the fit are to be expected.

[0094] To take this into account, according to one aspect of the present invention, a design for a telescopic crown 30 is provided, as shown in longitudinal section in FIG. 3, which allows for particularly precise fabrication of the double crown system. The inventive design of the telescopic crown 30 is based on the concept of manufacturing the essential components of the double crown system with an accuracy considered acceptable and then, after pre-assembly of the components, inserting them into the patient's mouth with a certain degree of flexibility and formability. There, in response to the actual oral situation and the restoring and shear forces occurring during insertion, allowing the final positioning of the components adapted to the actual oral situation and then fixing them.

[0095] For this purpose, the telescopic crown 30 according to the invention, shown in FIG. 3, comprises as essential components, comparable to the conventional design of the telescopic crown 10, on the one hand a male element 14 intended for mounting or crowning on a residual tooth 6 or on a dental implant and, on the other hand, a corresponding matrix element 18 which can be plugged onto the male element 14 and firmly connected to the dental prosthesis 2. In contrast to the conventional design in the telescopic crown 10, according to one aspect of the present invention, the matrix element 18 in the telescopic crown 30 is designed in several parts and comprises an inner cap 32 which can be plugged onto the male element 14 and an outer cap 34 which can be attached to the dental prosthesis 2, wherein in the space between the inner and outer caps 32, 34 an intermediate body 36 made of thermoplastic material is arranged which connects these to one another.This multi-part design of the matrix element 18 is particularly clearly visible in the exploded view in the perspective partial section in FIG. 4 and in the longitudinal section in FIG. 5.

[0096] This multi-part design using a temporarily deformable intermediate body 36 or a temporarily deformable intermediate layer makes it possible for the final positioning and alignment of the components to one another, in particular the inner cap 32 and outer cap 34, to only take place during the insertion of the telescopic crown 30 into the oral cavity. As part of the preparation for insertion, the outer cap 34 can thus already be firmly mounted on the denture 2. For insertion, the thermoplastic intermediate body 36 is then heated beforehand to above its softening temperature so that it is deformable. Insertion can then be carried out in this state so that the inner and outer caps 32, 34 align themselves to one another according to the fine details of the oral situation and in response to the resulting pressure and positioning forces, with the intermediate body 36 deforming.The alignment of the inner cap 32 relative to the outer cap 34, and thus the final positioning, is thus adjusted to the actual conditions in the oral cavity. The intermediate body 36 can then cool and solidify again while maintaining its assumed shape and thus its underlying position. Thus, after solidification, the optimized alignment of the components thus recorded is fixed.

[0097] According to one aspect of the invention, the intermediate body 36 is preferably specifically adapted to the usual handling processes for use in dental treatments with regard to its choice of material and its material parameters. In particular, it is advantageously taken into account that autoclaving is common and widespread in such processes. According to one aspect of the invention, the material parameters of the intermediate body 36 are selected such that, at the usual temperatures during such autoclaving, thermoplastic softening does not occur, so that even during such autoclaving, the position of the inner cap 32 facing the male part 14 relative to the position of the outer cap 34 facing the dental prosthesis 2 does not change, and the position previously established according to the concept of the invention is also not changed during autoclaving.The softening temperature of the thermoplastic intermediate body is 36°C, particularly through the appropriate choice of material, and is above approximately 135°C. This is the temperature of common and conventional autoclaves, which are used, for example, to autoclave prostheses for preparation for use or for disinfection.

[0098] The male element 14 of the telescopic crown 30 is shown in a side view in FIG. 6a. In the exemplary embodiment, the male element 14 has a substantially round cross-section, although it can alternatively be designed with non-round cross-sections, for example oval, elliptical, trioval or the like, preferably adapted to the geometric conditions at the insertion site in the oral cavity. As can be clearly seen from the illustration in FIG. 6, the male element 14 has a circumferential groove 37 which, in interaction with an associated inner bead 38 on the inside of the inner cap 32, ensures retention when the inner cap 32 is applied and thus provides additional fixation. The connection system can therefore be designed in the form of a snap-in or locking connection, in which the female element 18 can be clicked or snapped onto the male element 14 via its inner cap 32. Suitable for this is, as can be seen from the illustration in FIG.6b, the inner contour of the inner cap 32 is adapted.

[0099] In contrast, FIG. 7 shows, by way of example, a number of geometric variants of the male element 14 in combination with the respective associated female element 18 with differently designed cross-sectional contours, as they can be selected as needed depending on the insertion site and the patient's oral situation, in a perspective view. The male element 14, on the one hand, and the complete telescopic crown 30, i.e., the female element 18 mounted on the male element 14, are shown together in pairs. In particular:

[0100] FIG. 7a shows a male and female element 14, 18 with a non-round, oval or elliptical cross-section,

[0101] FIG. 7b shows a male and female element 14, 18 with a trioval cross-section, FIG. 7c shows a male and female element 14, 18 with a quadoval cross-section,

[0102] FIG. 7d shows a male and female element 14, 18 with an elongated rectangular cross-section with rounded corners to meet the ovality criteria,

[0103] FIG. 7e a male and female element 14, 18 with a comparatively “flat”, elongated cross-section,

[0104] FIG. 7f shows the male and female elements 14, 18 according to FIG. 7e with an additional, partially circumferential undercut or groove 37 to provide additional retention.

[0105] The assembly of the matrix element 18 from the prefabricated components is shown in FIG. 8 using a sequence of assembly steps in partial section in a perspective view and in FIG. 9 using a sequence of assembly steps in longitudinal section. First, as shown in FIGS. 8a, 9a, the inner cap 32 is inserted into the intermediate body 36. At its free end 39, this has a circumferential end bead 40 which is inserted into a receiving groove 42 formed on the end of the inner cap 32. The resulting partially assembled assembly 44 is inserted into the outer cap 34, as can be seen in FIGS. 8b, 9b, so that the assembly 46 shown in FIGS. 8c, 9c is created. In this case, a circumferential fixing edge 48 formed in the end region of the inner cap 32 is inserted into a receiving ring 50 of the outer cap 34. Subsequently, a flanged edge 52 surrounding this is folded over to form a crimp or flanged connection, so that it is as shown in FIG.8d, 9d clearly encloses the fixing edge 48 and thus sufficiently fixes the inner cap 32 to the outer cap 34 in the sense of a pre-assembly.

[0106] The matrix element 18 constructed and pre-assembled in this way is heated during insertion, as mentioned above, so that the thermoplastic intermediate body 36 is heated above its softening temperature and thus becomes deformable. In this state, insertion can then be carried out, so that the inner and outer caps 32, 34 are suitably aligned with one another according to the fine details of the oral situation and in response to the resulting pressure and positioning forces, with deformation of the intermediate body 36. As a result of this alignment, the inner cap 32, starting from the initially approximately parallel alignment as shown in Fig. 9d, is tilted or otherwise repositioned relative to the outer cap 34, whereby the intermediate body 36 is deformed accordingly. The result of such deformation, which is accompanied by the final alignment of the components, is shown by way of example in FIG.10 shows a longitudinal section of the matrix element 18 in the "tilted" state. Compared to the starting position according to FIG. 9d, the deformation of the intermediate element 36 that has occurred is clearly visible. It is also equally evident, however, that the inner cap 32 is also significantly deformed in the region of the fixing edge 48 forming its base. According to an aspect considered to be independently inventive, this intended deformation of the inner cap 32 is taken into account by a suitable choice of material. The base region or fixing edge 48 of the inner cap 32, which forms a type of membrane, should offer as little or no restoring force against this deformation as possible. This is achieved according to one aspect of the invention by a suitable choice of material for the inner cap 32, at least in the region of the fixing edge 48. The inner cap 32 is therefore preferably made of a high-performance plastic, preferably PEEK.

[0107] FIG. 11 shows an alternative embodiment of a matrix element 18' in longitudinal section. In this variant, the cover region 54 of the inner cap 32' is corrugated, allowing a certain degree of deformability, particularly in the longitudinal direction. Such a design thus allows for a certain degree of compensation or equalization of the positions of the components relative to one another in the longitudinal direction.

[0108] In order to enable the conceptually intended heating of the thermoplastic intermediate piece 36 of the telescopic crowns 30 to a temperature above the softening temperature immediately before insertion, one aspect of the invention provides a heating device 60, a section of which is shown in FIG. 12. The heating device 60 comprises a number of heatable contact plugs 62, the outer contour of which corresponds to the contour of the male elements 14 of the telescopic crowns 30 and can thus be inserted into the female elements 18 or their inner cap 32 instead of the male elements 14, and of which only one is shown in FIG. 12. The contact plugs 62 are thus preferably designed to be as geometrically identical as possible to the actual male elements 14.According to one aspect of the invention, small grooves can be provided in the axial direction in the outer skin of the contact plugs 62 to facilitate removal of the heated die elements 18, so that no negative pressure can form after heating during removal. If the thermoplastic intermediate bodies 36 are heated, removal could lead to damage if negative pressure is present.

[0109] The contact plugs 62 can thus also be referred to as "heating patrices." For optimized heat dissipation, they are preferably made of a metal, preferably with high thermal conductivity, in particular gold. For heating, the respective matrix element 18 can then be plugged onto one of these contact plugs 62, and subsequently, by heating the contact plug 62, the thermoplastic intermediate body 36 of the matrix element 18 can be heated to a temperature above its softening temperature. The heating device 60 is equipped with one of the aforementioned heating elements or contact plugs 62 corresponding to the number of matrix elements 18 provided in the respective dental prosthesis 2 or the number of matrix elements 18 commonly used in such dental prostheses 2, preferably six, so that all matrix elements 18 of a dental prosthesis 2 can be heated simultaneously and thus prepared for insertion.

[0110] The possibility of inserting the contact plugs 62 into the inner cap 32 of a matrix element 18 is particularly clear from the various enlarged illustrations in Figures 13 to 17.

[0111] In the exemplary embodiment, the heatable contact plugs 62 are provided with an integrated heating element 64 with integrated temperature control. By applying a defined amount of heat energy over a defined period of time, the amount of heat required to soften the intermediate body 36 can be introduced into the intermediate body 36 or the thermoelastic layer, enabling the fine alignment of the inner cap 32 facing the male elements 14 relative to the outer cap 34 connected to the prosthesis 2. Furthermore, a handle 66 is preferably formed behind the actual heating male element 62 to allow the heating male elements 62 to be easily inserted into and removed from the female elements 18.

[0112] The heating elements 64, designed as internal electrical heaters, ensure that overheating and thus damage to the matrix-patrice system or the prosthesis 2 itself cannot occur. This control requires that temperature sensors 68 are integrated into the heating patrices 62. Alternatively, the heating patrices 62 could also be equipped with another heat source or be supplied via an external heat source.

[0113] In addition, it is also possible for the heating dies 62 to merely heat the thermoelastic intermediate body 36 via another energy source without being heated themselves.

[0114] According to one aspect of the invention, a plurality of the heating male parts 62 are each connected via a cable connection 70 to a common, central temperature control unit (not shown in detail in FIG. 12). This unit preferably has four or six connections in order to be able to control four or six heating male parts 62 simultaneously. Alternatively, and depending on the intended use, such a unit could also be provided with a larger number of connections, for example 6, 8 or 10. According to one aspect of the invention, there should be at least as many as are usually provided with supporting pillars in a prosthesis 2. Preferably, the heating male parts 62 are directly provided with a cable connection 70, but are detachably connected to the central control unit via a plug.

[0115] In a particularly preferred embodiment, the heating elements 62 are equipped with rechargeable batteries that are located in a single charging station. The temperature control unit is integrated into the heating elements 62.

[0116] The telescopic crowns 30 described above can, as mentioned, alternatively be attached and anchored to teeth 6 still present in the patient's mouth or to inserted dental implants. A telescopic crown 30 intended for attachment to a dental implant is shown in longitudinal section in FIG. 18. This comprises a matrix element 18 constructed identically to the above-described embodiment, which is made of several parts and essentially consists of the outer cap 34 intended for connection to the dental prosthesis 2, the inner cap 32 intended for detachable connection to the male element 14, and the thermoplastically deformable intermediate body 36 arranged between the outer cap 34 and the inner cap 32. The inner cap 32 is in turn provided on the inside with an inner bead 38, which can snap into an associated groove 37 in the associated male element 14' and thus improve retention.

[0117] The male element 14', which is considered to be independently inventive, is designed in the embodiment shown in FIG. 18 specifically for mounting on a dental implant or post part and, for this purpose, is designed in its basal region 80 in the manner of an abutment or superstructure. For this purpose, it comprises a contact surface 82 in the basal region 80, the contour of which is adapted to an associated contact surface in the connection region of the implant and can thus be placed precisely on it. In its central region, the male element 14' also has a screw channel 84 for an implant connection screw, by means of which it can be fastened to the implant.

[0118] A further alternative embodiment of a telescopic crown 30 intended for mounting on a dental implant is shown in FIG. 19 in longitudinal section, in FIG. 20 in an exploded perspective view, and in FIG. 21 in an exploded partial section. This is essentially identical in construction to the telescopic crown 30 according to FIG. 18, but the connection system to the implant is modified. In this embodiment, a separate connecting piece 86 is provided for connection to the implant. In this case, the connecting piece 86 has the contact surface 82 in the basal region 80, the contour of which is adapted to an associated contact surface in the connection region of the implant and can therefore be placed precisely on it. In its central region, the connecting piece 86 has the screw channel 84 including the screw seat 88 for the implant connecting screw 90, by means of which it can be fastened to the implant.Above a platform surface 92 formed by the connecting piece 86, the screw channel 84 is continued in the manner of a sleeve 94, which encloses the screw head 96 of the inserted connecting screw 90 and serves on the outside as a mounting surface for the male element 14". In this case, the male element 14" can be fastened to the sleeve 94 and / or the platform surface 92 using conventional mounting techniques such as gluing or cementing.

[0119] The male element 14" can be designed to be closed in the area of ​​its cover surface 98 so that, after assembly, it completely encloses the screw head 96 of the connecting screw 90. Alternatively, it can also be designed to be perforated in the area of ​​the cover surface 98 and to leave an access opening 100 free, through which access to the screw head 96 is possible, for example, using a suitable (assembly) tool. In this regard, FIG. 22 shows several variants, each in pairs in a perspective view and in a perspective section, namely the closed variant (FIG. 22a), a variant with a comparatively small access opening 100 (FIG. 22b), and a variant with a comparatively large access opening 100 (FIG. 22c).

[0120] A method for producing a dental prosthesis 2, which is intended for removable fixation to a number of crowned teeth 6 or, in particular, dental implants in the mouth of a patient by means of telescopic systems 1 of the type described, is also considered to be independently inventive. According to this aspect of the invention, intraoral data reflecting the actual dentition situation in the patient's mouth can first be recorded and made available for further digital processing. Based on this data, according to one aspect of the invention, a patrice element 14 that is considered particularly favorable for the determined dentition situation is selected from a number of basic patrice element types stored in a component library, preferably in a CAD system.Especially in the application of the method to the production of a prosthesis for attachment to a dental implant, which is considered particularly advantageous, the precise position and orientation of the inserted dental implant can be recorded in a manner considered to be independently inventive, initially during the acquisition of the intraoral data for the dentition situation. Based on this data and taking into account the selected male element, the abutment intended for attachment to the implant can be suitably planned and manufactured. In particular, the orientation and positioning of the abutment can be optimized with regard to the dentition situation, and if necessary, the basic shape of the abutment can be suitably specified.

[0121] In this production, in particular for use with an inserted dental implant, the following steps, each considered to be inventive individually or in suitable combination with one another, may be provided:

[0122] - Before developing the final prosthesis or prosthetics, a male design for later use is preferably defined in CAD. The selection can be made based on male designs already available or stored in a corresponding CAD library, for which suitable matrices are available.

[0123] The male elements 14 are aligned during the planning process, i.e. preferably during the design in CAD, for an insertion direction of the finished prosthesis or prosthetics optimized from the data of the oral situation (remaining dentition, mucous membrane, opposing jaw) recorded via the intraoral scanner and are aligned with the ground tooth stump or, in particular, with the recorded situation of the inserted implant.

[0124] - Based on the target position for the male element 14 specified in this way or by other means, the abutment can be planned and subsequently fabricated, taking into account the location and geometry data of the inserted implant. If necessary, a basic abutment type (e.g., an angled abutment) can be selected, which can then be further modified based on the determined data for the dentition situation.

[0125] - Based on the planning data for the male element 14 and, if applicable, the abutment, the cap to be manufactured is planned, which forms a matrix opposite the tooth stump or abutment and represents a male opposite the prosthesis or prosthetics, which plunges into the matrices 18 of the detachable connection to the prosthesis or prosthetics.

[0126] For the dental laboratory procedure, three variants are described below, each of which is considered to be independently inventive.

[0127] 1. Classic process with the already manufactured cap:

[0128] After the copings are fabricated, they are temporarily attached to the tooth stumps of the physical master model (plaster model, printed plastic model, etc.). The matrix elements 18 are then attached to the primary crowns 12. The prosthesis is then planned, designed, and fabricated on these. Finally, the fabricated prosthesis or prosthetic is bonded or cemented, preferably to the master model, to the matrix elements 18.

[0129] 2. Procedure I with primary crown analogues integrated into the master model:

[0130] In a second variant, the corresponding prefabricated primary crowns are integrated into a printed master model. The matrix elements 18 are then attached to the primary crowns 12. The prosthesis is then planned, designed, and fabricated on these. Finally, the fabricated prosthesis / prosthetic is bonded / cemented, preferably to the master model, using the matrix elements 18.

[0131] 3. Procedure II with primary crown analogues integrated into the master model:

[0132] In the third variant, the primary crowns are fabricated and bonded or cemented before the master model is created. After the tooth stumps have been prepared, the primary crowns are fabricated directly by the dentist ("chairside") or in a nearby dental laboratory and bonded or cemented in the same appointment. An intraoral scan or conventional impression can then be taken, preferably with appropriate impression copings on the primary crowns. A master model (plaster model, printed plastic model, etc.) with integrated primary crown analogs can then be fabricated. The matrix elements 18 are then attached to the primary crowns 12. The prosthesis is then planned, designed, and fabricated on these. Finally, the fabricated prosthesis / prosthetic is bonded / cemented, preferably to the master model using the matrix elements 18.

[0133] List of reference symbols

[0134] Telescopic system Dental prosthesis Upper jaw Tooth Telescopic crown Primary crown Male element Contact pin Female element Arrow Telescopic crown Inner cap Outer cap Intermediate body Groove Inner bead End bead Receiving groove , 46 Ensemble Fixing edge Receiving ring Beaded edge Lid area Heating device Contact plug Heating element Handle element Temperature sensors Cable connection Basal area Contact surface Screw channel Connecting piece Screw seat Connecting screw Platform surface Sleeve Screw head Lid surface Access opening

Claims

Claims Telescopic crown (30) for fastening a removable dental prosthesis (2) to a tooth (6) or an inserted dental implant in the oral cavity of a patient, with a male element (14, 14', 14") that can be fastened to the tooth (6) or the dental implant, and with a matrix element (18) that can be plugged onto this and attached to the dental prosthesis (2), wherein the matrix element (18) is designed in several parts and comprises an inner cap (32) that can be plugged onto the male element (14, 14', 14") and an outer cap (34) that can be attached to the dental prosthesis (2), wherein an intermediate body (36) made of thermoplastic material that connects the inner and outer caps (32, 34) is arranged in the space between the inner and outer caps (32, 34). Telescopic crown (30) according to claim 1, the intermediate body (36) of which is formed from a thermoplastic material having a softening temperature of more than 135°C.Telescopic crown (30) according to claim 1 or 2, whose intermediate body (36) has a thickness of at least 250 μm. Telescopic crown (30) according to one of claims 1 to 3, whose intermediate body (36) is made of thermoplastic elastomer or thermoplastic silicone. Telescopic crown (30) according to one of claims 1 to 4, whose male element (14, 14', 14") has a groove (37) on the outside.Telescopic prosthesis (2), in particular for use as a dental prosthesis to replace missing teeth in the mouth of a patient, with a number of matrix elements (18), each of which can be plugged onto an associated patrix element (14, 14', 14"), wherein the matrix element (18) is in each case designed in several parts and comprises an inner cap (32) that can be plugged onto the patrix element (14, 14', 14") and an outer cap (34) that can be attached to the dental prosthesis, wherein an intermediate body (36) made of thermoplastic material is arranged in the space between the inner and outer caps (32, 34) and connects them to one another. Method for producing a prosthetic treatment with a dental prosthesis (2), which is intended for removable fixation to a number of crowned teeth (6) or in particular also dental implants in the mouth of a patient by means of a number of telescopic crowns (30) according to one of claims 1 to 5, in which firstly the. Intraoral data reflecting the actual dentition situation in the patient's mouth are recorded and made available for further digital processing, wherein on the basis of this data, preferably in a CAD system, a patrix element (14) is selected from a number of basic patrix element types stored in a component library. A method according to claim 7 for producing a prosthesis (2) for attachment to a dental implant, in which the precise position and orientation of the inserted dental implant is recorded when the intraoral data for the dentition situation are recorded, wherein on the basis of this data and taking into account the selected patrix element (14), the abutment intended for attachment to the implant is suitably planned and manufactured.

Images