Method for producing colored yarns and / or colored fabrics in particular without or with only limited amount of wastewater discharge

Abstract

This invention relates to a method for producing a colored yarn based on synthetic fibers, wherein the method comprises the addition of a spinning additive. The spinning additive is self-elutable and / or self-sluicing upon washing the yarn and / or a fabric spun from the yarn with an aqueous solution and / or the spinning additive is water-soluble. The spinning additive can therefore be easily removed from the yarn and / or fabric produced of the yarn by washing with water.

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of yarn and / or fabric production.

[0002] In particular, the present invention relates to a method for producing a colored yarn based on synthetic fibers according to claim 1.

[0003] Furthermore, the present invention relates to a method for producing a colored fabric based on synthetic fibers.

[0004] Furthermore, the present invention relates to a use of a spinning additive in a method for producing a colored yarn based on synthetic fibers and / or for producing a colored fabric based on synthetic fibers.

[0005] Furthermore, the present invention also relates to a colored yarn comprising a spinning additive, wherein the spinning additive is self-elutable and / or self-sluicing upon washing the yarn with an aqueous solution.

[0006] Furthermore, the present invention also relates to a colored fabric obtained by a method for producing a colored fabric based on synthetic fibers.

[0007] The present invention, in particular the methods recited above, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention and / or the recited methods, further include measures to perform the inventive methods without or with only limited discharge of wastewater.

[0008] The coloring or dyeing of textiles and yarns has been carried out industrially since the 19th century. Aqueous color solutions and / or color dispersions can be used, to which other auxiliary chemicals, such as salts, acids and alkalis, as well as color additives are added. These chemicals are intended to support the coloring or dyeing process, and beyond this are not needed in the further textile or fabric production. Hence, after coloring, the colorants and auxiliary chemicals are washed out. This results in large quantities of wastewater that is contaminated with the colorants and auxiliary chemicals and has to be cleaned at great expense. The high water demand and the chemicals used are particularly harmful to the environment.

[0009] The so-called dope-dyeing process is known to reduce the environmental impact. The dope-dyeing process is used to produce synthetic fibers or yarns based on polymers. A colorant is added to a polymer (granulate or melt) as a base material. The polymer-colorant mixture can then be processed into a homogeneous melt using an extruder, for example, and can be fed through a spinneret to produce fibers and / or yarn. A spinning additive must be added in order to feed the polymer melt through the spinnerets and form fibers without breakage or damage. The fibers can be wound up individually as a monofilament yarn or into several fibers as a multifilament yarn. The resulting yarn is already colored and can then be processed directly into a colored fabric and / or textile. In this way, the use of colorants and auxiliary chemicals can be reduced. The fabric and / or textile is washed to remove auxiliary chemicals, spinning additives and any other processing additives used. With the help of the dope-dyeing process, the use of chemicals can be reduced, thereby reducing the environmental impact. However, despite the improvements, the burden on the environment and workers in production remains comparatively high.

[0010] Against the background of the state of the art described above, the object of the present invention is thus to provide a method for producing a colored yarn and / or fabric which is more environmentally friendly and requires less water consumption. Furthermore, the process should be easy and inexpensive to carry out.

[0011] To solve the problem described above, the present invention thus proposes - according to a first aspect of the present invention - a method for producing a colored yarn based on synthetic fibers. Respective advantageous further embodiments and configurations of this aspect of the invention are subject-matter of the dependent claims relating thereto.

[0012] Further subject-matter of the present invention - according to a second aspect of the present invention - is a method for producing a colored fabric based on synthetic fibers. Respective advantageous further embodiments and configurations of this aspect of the invention are subject-matter of the dependent claims relating thereto.

[0013] Further subject-matter of the present invention - according to a third aspect of the present invention - is a use of a spinning additive in a method for producing a colored yarn based on synthetic fibers and / or for producing a colored fabric based on synthetic fiber. Respective advantageous further embodiments and configurations of this aspect of the invention are subject-matter of the dependent claims relating thereto.

[0014] Again further subject-matter of the present invention - according to a fourth aspect of the present invention - is a colored yarn comprising a spinning additive, wherein the spinning additive is self-elutable and / or self-sluicing upon washing the yarn with an aqueous solution and / or wherein the spinning additive is water-soluble. Respective advantageous further embodiments and configurations of this aspect of the invention are subject-matter of the dependent claims relating thereto.

[0015] Again further subject-matter of the present invention - according to a fifth aspect of the present invention - is a colored fabric obtained by a method for producing a colored fabric based on synthetic fibers. Respective advantageous further embodiments and configurations of this aspect of the invention are subject-matter of the dependent claims relating thereto.

[0016] It goes without saying that configurations, embodiments, advantages and the like, which are listed below for the purpose of avoiding repetition with respect to only one aspect of the invention, naturally also apply correspondingly with respect to the other aspects of the invention, without this requiring separate mention.

[0017] Furthermore, it goes without saying that, in the case of the following specifications of values, figures and ranges, the relevant specifications of values, figures and ranges are not to be understood as limiting; it goes without saying for the person skilled in the art that it is possible to deviate from the specified range or specifications on a case-by-case or application-related basis without departing from the scope of the present invention.

[0018] In addition, all the values or parameters or the like mentioned below can in principle be determined using standardized or standardized or explicitly stated determination methods or using determination methods known to a person skilled in the art onto this field.

[0019] Furthermore, in the case of all the relative or percentage, in particular weight-related, quantities stated below, it should be noted that these figures must be selected or combined by the skilled person with regard to the reference system used (e.g. dosage form) in such a way that the total - if necessary including further components or ingredients or additives or constituents, in particular as defined below - always results in 100 % or 100 wt.%. However, this is self-evident to the person skilled in the art.

[0020] Furthermore, for the description of the present invention, the features of the present invention mentioned in each case in the context of the specific configurations, embodiments, advantages, examples or the like are also deemed to be disclosed in their combination. Thus, superordinate combinations of individual or several features which are cited for respective configurations, embodiments, examples of use or the like are also deemed to be disclosed in the present case.

[0021] In particular, for the features characterizing the invention, all possible combinations of these features are deemed to be disclosed, wherein embodiments of comparable or according to preference of the various features are preferably combined (e.g. quantities or quantity ranges of the related parameters of the same preference or the like).

[0022] In particular, it is also the case that, for the following details relating to the various parameters of the method according to the invention or the like, combinations of the same preference or the same preference level and relating to the various parameters are also disclosed with according to preference or preference. Likewise, all other combinations (i.e. combinations onto different preferences or different preference levels) are also disclosed.

[0023] With the foregoing in mind, the present invention is now explained in detail below: Subject-matter of the present invention - according to a first aspect of the present invention - is a method for producing a colored yarn based on synthetic fibers. The method comprises the addition of a spinning additive, which preferably facilitates processing, in particular spinning, and prevents damage to the fibers during spinning.

[0024] It is envisioned that the spinning additive is self-elutable and / or self-sluicing upon washing the yarn and / or a fabric spun from the yarn with an aqueous solution and / or the spinning additive is water-soluble. In particular, the spinning additive is soluble in pure water. "Soluble in pure water" in the context of the present invention means soluble in water under ambient conditions without the need for the addition of detergents.

[0025] The spinning additive can therefore be easily removed from the yarn and / or textile and / or fabric produced of the yarn by washing with water. It is then possible to avoid using detergent when washing the yarn and / or fabric to largely reduce the amount of detergent used. By saving on detergents, the wastewater produced during the washing process is less contaminated, making it easier to treat the wastewater. At the same time, fewer environmentally harmful substances need to be disposed of. As the wastewater is less contaminated, the treated water can be reused more frequently to wash the textile, yarn or fabric, which can reduce the overall water requirement in yarn, textile and / or fabric production. Overall, the impact on the environment can be significantly reduced compared to the use of conventional spinning additives.

[0026] Further in the context of the present invention, the terms fabric and textile are used synonymously and understood to relate to a material, in particular cloth, produced by in particular weaving, or knitting, fibers spun to a yarn.

[0027] Preferably, the method for producing a colored yarn includes and / or is a dope-dyeing process. The dope-dyeing process is a well-known and established method that has been used for a long time to produce colored yarns. It is then possible to carry out the process in a particularly simple way with existing plants without any modifications.

[0028] In particular the addition of the spinning additive is performed while providing a base material for producing the yarn and / or while performing the dope-dyeing process. The spinning additive can then be added directly to the base material or added at a later stage in the process, which can increase flexibility.

[0029] The dope-dyeing process can comprise the method steps of providing the base material as a molten polymer and / or extruding the base material and spinning a yarn from the molten and / or extruded base material. In particular, the addition of the spinning additive is performed while providing the base material for extruding and / or as a polymer melt and / or while extruding the base material and / or while spinning a yarn from molten and / or extruded base material. The spinning additive can then be added in a particularly flexible manner and adapted to the specific application.

[0030] In the context of the invention, the term "extrusion" and / or the term "extrude" means melting of the plastic (granular) base material and providing of a constant melt flow of the molten plastic base material.

[0031] To enable the yarn to be colored evenly and easily, the base material for producing the yarn comprise a color masterbatch material and a plastic granular base material. Such color masterbatches are inexpensive and commercially available. Color masterbatches can be used to produce yarns from any color.

[0032] The method for producing a colored yarn based on synthetic fibers, can comprise the following method steps in the following order: a) providing separately from another a color masterbatch material and a plastic granular base material, followed by mixing to obtain a mixed color masterbatch material and plastic granular base material, and / or providing a mixed color masterbatch material and plastic granular base material, b) extruding the mixed color masterbatch material and plastic granular base material, c) spinning a yarn from the extruded mixed color masterbatch material and plastic granular base material.

[0033] In at least one of the method steps a), b) and / or c) a spinning additive can be added, wherein the spinning additive is self-elutable and / or self-sluicing upon washing the yarn and / or a fabric spun from the yarn with an aqueous solution and / or the spinning additive is water-soluble. The spinning additive can be added to the process in a flexible manner.

[0034] The spinning additive is preferably added in only one of the method steps a), b) and c), preferably in method step b) or c). In particular, the spinning additive is added only in method step c). The spinning additive is then only added to the polymer melt at the point where the additive is required. In this way, damage to the additive during extrusion can be avoided.

[0035] The method steps b) and c), in particular a), b), and c), are preferably carried out continuously and / or without interruption consecutively, in particular within one production line. This is particularly advantageous when producing large quantities of yarn.

[0036] Alternatively, the method steps a), b), and / or c), in particular method step a), can be carried out discontinuously and / or with interruptions, in particular in from another different and / or separated production lines. In this way, a high degree of flexibility and decentralized production can be achieved.

[0037] The plastic granular base material preferably comprises and / or is a thermoplastic polymer material, in particular a thermoplastic polymer material selected from the group of polyolefins, polyesters, polyamides, polyacrylates, polyethers, polyacetals, polyurethanes, polystyrols and mixtures thereof, in particular polyolefins, polyesters, polyamides, polyacrylates and mixtures thereof. The most common synthetic yarns can then be produced. The plastic granular base material usually is in the form of free-flowing bulk-goods, wherein the granules have sand- or grain-like shape and / or size.

[0038] The color masterbatch material can comprises at least one, in particular with the plastic granular base material compatible, colorant and, optionally, at least on dispersant, wherein the colorant and optionally the dispersant are comprised in a, in particular with the plastic granular base material compatible, resin matrix. The term "compatible with the plastic granular base material" means that the color masterbatch material, in particular the colorant and the resin material, is / are selected such that the color masterbatch material is mixable and / or fusible with the plastic granular base material, in particular upon melting and / or extruding in step b). To ensure good compatibility, the resin matrix preferably is selected from the same thermoplastic polymer materials than the plastic granular base material used. The colorant is preferably selected such, that the average particle size and / or the average particle diameter of the colorant is, in particular much, smaller than the average fiber diameter. In this way, a particularly uniform coloration of the yarn can be achieved. Further, a reliable fiber strength is ensured.

[0039] The color masterbatch material can be provided and / or mixed with the plastic granular base material, in particular in method step a), in an amount in the range of 0.05 wt.% to 10 wt.%, in particular 0.1 wt.% to 5 wt.%, preferably 0.25 wt.% to 4 wt.%, more preferably 0.4 wt.% to 3.5 wt.%, based on the weight of the plastic granular base material to achieve a particularly homogeneous coloration of the yarn.

[0040] The, in particular mixed, color masterbatch material and plastic granular base material can be dried in particular during or after method step a) and / or prior to method step b), preferably at temperatures above 100 °C, preferably at temperatures in the range from 110 °C to 160 °C, more preferably at temperatures in the range from 130 °C to 150 °C, and / or in particular under such conditions, that the moisture content of the, in particular mixed, color masterbatch material and plastic granular base material is below 1 %, preferably below 0.5 %, more preferably below 0.1 % after drying. This prevents fiber breakage and increases the strength of the yarn.

[0041] In particular in method step b), the mixed color masterbatch material and plastic granular base material is preferably melted by heating the mixed materials to a melting temperature above the melting point of the plastic granular base material, in particular wherein the melting temperature is set to 10 °C, in particular 30 °C, preferably 50 °C, above the melting point of the plastic granular base material. In this way, a particularly homogeneous plastic melt with evenly distributed colorants can be achieved.

[0042] Preferably, the, in particular in method step c), molten mixed color masterbatch and plastic base material is fed through a nozzle, in particular a spinneret, under high pressure. In particular, the mixed color masterbatch material and plastic granular base material melted in step b) can be fed into the nozzle, in particular the spinneret, under high pressure. The melted mixed color masterbatch material and plastic granular base material exits the nozzle in particular into air, preferably such, that the viscous material stream solidifies to form the colored synthetic fiber and / or yarn. The term "high pressure" preferably means a pressure of 1 to 150 MPa, preferably of 2 to 100 MPa, more preferably of 3 to 50 MPa.

[0043] In at least one of the method steps a), b) and / or c), the added spinning additive can comprise at least one surface-active substance based on ethylenoxide, propylenoxide and mixtures thereof, in particular polyethylenoxide, polypropylenoxide and copolymers and mixtures thereof. Corresponding spinning additives can be washed out without detergents.

[0044] Additionally or alternatively, the surface-active substance can be a substance from the group of polyethers, in particular polyether homopolymers, polyether copolymers, preferably polyether block-copolymers, mixed ether-polyether-compounds and mixtures thereof, in particular wherein the polyether is a polyether of ethylenoxide, propylenoxide and mixtures thereof. In particular the surface-active substance is selected from the group of glycerol ethoxylate, polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene block-copolymers (Poloxamer), potassiam polyoxyethylene laurylether phosphate, and mixtures thereof. Corresponding spinning additives can be washed out without detergents.

[0045] In at least one of the method steps a), b) and / or c), the added spinning additive can comprise at least one film-forming substance based on carbohydrates, modified carbohydrates and polymers and mixtures thereof, in particular modified carbohydrates and polymers and mixtures thereof, preferably modified chitosan, modified cellulose and polymers and mixtures thereof. Preferably, the film-forming substance is selected from the group of cellulose ether, glycol chitosan, carboxymethyl chitosan, trimethyl chitosan, and mixtures thereof, preferably carboxymethyl chitosan. Corresponding spinning additives can be washed out without detergents and are largely harmless to the environment.

[0046] In at least one of the method steps a), b) and / or c), the added spinning additive can comprise in addition surfactants, preservatives, lubricants, in particular plant-based lubricants, preferably vegetable oil, and / or stabilizers.

[0047] After the spinning step, the colored synthetic fiber and / or yarn obtained in method step c) is wound up onto a spool. Depending on the intended use, yarns can - in that step - also be stretched or the like within a pre- and / or post-processing treatment. Also, composite yarns can be formed by combining yarns made from different plastic granular base material with another.

[0048] The obtained yarns and / or spools as such can be prepared for packaging until further use or can be used directly for weaving a fabric.

[0049] Accordingly, the inventive method can, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, include a further step. Preferably, in particular after spinning a yarn and / or method step c), in particular continuously and / or without interruption consecutively or discontinuously and / or with interruptions, the method further comprises manufacturing a colored fabric, in particular by weaving and / or knitting, from the yarn, in particular as a method step d).

[0050] In this sense, the inventive method can, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, also be considered as a method for producing a colored fabric from a colored yarn based on synthetic fibers.

[0051] The obtained fabric usually requires further processing, specifically washing. Accordingly, the method of the present invention can, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, include even a further step: Preferably, in particular after manufacturing and / or weaving and / or knitting a colored fabric from the (spun) yarn and / or method step d), in particular continuously and / or without interruption consecutively or discontinuously and / or with interruptions, the method further comprises washing and finishing the obtained colored fabric, in particular as a method step e).

[0052] Accordingly, the present invention, within the present aspect, also relates to a method for producing a colored fabric from a colored yarn based on synthetic fibers, wherein the method comprises the following method steps in the following order: a) providing separately from another a color masterbatch material and a plastic granular base material, followed by mixing to obtain a mixed color masterbatch material and plastic granular base material, and / or providing a mixed color masterbatch material and plastic granular base material, b) melting and / or extruding the mixed color masterbatch material and plastic granular base material, c) spinning a yarn from the extruded mixed color masterbatch material and plastic granular base material, d) manufacturing and / or weaving and / or knitting a colored fabric from the yarn, e) washing and finishing the obtained colored fabric.

[0053] In at least one of the method steps a), b) and / or c) a spinning additive can be added, wherein the spinning additive is self-elutable and / or self-sluicing upon washing the yarn and / or a fabric with an aqueous solution and / or wherein the spinning additive is water-soluble. Additionally or alternatively in at least one of the method steps a), b) and / or c) a spinning additive can be added, wherein the spinning additive is self-elutable, self-sluicing and / or water-soluble during washing step e). Regarding the advantages achieved by using a corresponding spinning additive, reference is made to the above explanations.

[0054] In particular in method step e), the colored fabric preferably is washed with water, in particular with pure water. Further, the colored fabric is preferably washed with water, in particular wherein the water does not comprise detergents or the like and / or is free from detergents or the like, preferably wherein the water is pure water free from detergents or the like. No detergents are then required to wash out the spinning additives. Water treatment can therefore be simplified overall. The negative impact on the environment can also be reduced.

[0055] Subject-matter of the present invention - according to a second aspect of the present invention - is a method for producing a colored fabric based on synthetic fibers, wherein the method comprises the addition of a spinning additive, wherein the spinning additive is self-elutable and / or self-sluicing upon washing the fabric with an aqueous solution and / or the spinning additive is water-soluble.

[0056] Within this aspect, the present invention also relates a method, wherein the method preferably comprises providing a yarn produced from colored synthetic fibers, wherein while producing the yarn a spinning additive is added, wherein the spinning additive is self-elutable and / or self-sluicing upon washing the fabric spun from the yarn with an aqueous solution and / or the spinning additive is water-soluble.

[0057] Further, within this aspect, the present invention also relates to a method for producing a colored fabric based on synthetic fibers, wherein the method includes a method for producing a colored yarn based on synthetic fibers.

[0058] Further, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is envisioned in the context of the present invention, that the aqueous solution, in particular the water, used while washing and finishing the obtained colored fabric, in particular in method step e), can be treated, in particular cleaned, such that the water can be recycled in the inventive method or can even be released as clean water from the inventive process.

[0059] Thus, further in addition to the first aspect of the present invention and / or the second aspect of the present invention, the respective methods described can further include the following aspects, wherein the aqueous solution, in particular the water, used while washing and finishing the obtained colored fabric, in particular in method step e) is subjected to a treatment process, in particular a cleaning process, preferably such that the water can be recycled in the claimed methods and / or can be released from the process.

[0060] Thus, the present invention, within the foregoing aspects of the present invention, also relate to a method for producing a colored fabric based on synthetic fibers, wherein the method includes a method for producing a colored yarn based on synthetic fibers, in particular a proposed method, wherein the aqueous solution, in particular the water, used while washing and finishing the obtained colored fabric, in particular in method step e), is subjected to a treatment process, in particular a cleaning process, preferably wherein the water is recycled in the claimed method, in particular in step e) of the claimed method, and / or is released as clean water from the process. The water can then be used again for washing a fabric.

[0061] In this sense, the present invention, in particular the methods recited, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention and / or the methods recited, can also be understood as methods without or with only limited discharge of wastewater.

[0062] Likewise, the present invention, within the foregoing aspects of the present invention, relate to a method for producing a colored fabric based on synthetic fibers, wherein the method comprises the following method steps in the following order: a) providing separately from another a color masterbatch material and a plastic granular base material, followed by mixing to obtain a mixed color masterbatch material and plastic granular base material, and / or providing a mixed color masterbatch material and plastic granular base material, b) melting and / or extruding the mixed color masterbatch material and plastic granular base material, c) spinning a yarn from the extruded mixed color masterbatch material and plastic granular base material, d) manufacturing and / or weaving and / or knitting a colored fabric from the yarn, e) washing and finishing the obtained colored fabric.

[0063] In at least one of the method steps a), b) and / or c) a spinning additive is added, wherein the spinning additive is self-elutable and / or self-sluicing upon washing the yarn and / or a fabric spun from the yarn with an aqueous solution and / or the spinning additive is water-soluble. Additionally or alternatively, in at least one of the method steps a), b) and / or c) a spinning additive can be added, wherein the spinning additive is water-soluble and / or self-elutable and / or self-sluicing during washing step e), wherein the aqueous solution, in particular the water, used, in particular in method step e), is subjected to a treatment process, in particular a cleaning process, preferably wherein the water is recycled in the claimed method, in particular in step e) of the claimed method, and / or is released as clean water from the process. Regarding the advantages achieved by using a corresponding spinning additive, reference is made to the above explanations.

[0064] The treatment process, in particular the cleaning process, can comprise at least one process step, in particular at least two process steps, preferably consist of two process steps. In this way, the water can be thoroughly treated.

[0065] In a first process step i) of the treatment process, in particular cleaning process, the aqueous solution, in particular the water, used, in particular in method step e), can be treated with a water cleaning agent. The water cleaning agent can be selected such that it remains in the aqueous solution, in particular the water, used, in particular in method step e), coagulates, in particular flocculates, and / or precipitates from the aqueous solution, in particular the water.

[0066] Preferably the water cleaning agent is selected from flocculants, flocculation aids, clarifying agents, precipitants, coagulants, pH-regulators, and mixtures thereof, in particular wherein the water cleaning is organically based or inorganically based, preferably inorganically based.

[0067] The water cleaning agent can be selected from flocculants, flocculation aids, clarifying agents, precipitants, coagulants, pH-regulators, and mixtures thereof, in particular wherein the water cleaning is organically based or inorganically based, preferably inorganically based.

[0068] The flocculant and / or flocculation aid is preferably selected from the group of iron(iii) salts, aluminum salts, in particular sodium aluminate, polyaluminumchloride and mixtures thereof, polyelectrolytes, in particular polyacrylamide, polyamines and mixtures thereof, and / or biopolymers, in particular chitosan. Suitable pH-regulators can comprise, in particular consist of, inorganic bases, in particular for example caustic soda and the like.

[0069] Appropriate cleaning agents are not or only slightly harmful to the environment. Furthermore, the water cleaning agents comprise an excellent removability from the water to be cleaned under the process conditions described, such that comparably pure water can be obtained within the context of the present invention.

[0070] In the first process step i) of the treatment process, in particular cleaning process, it is possible to add the water cleaning agent in amounts in the range of 10 g / m 3< to 400 g / m 3< , in particular 20 g / m 3< to 300 g / m 3< , preferably 25 g / m 3< to 200 g / m 3< , more preferably 30 g / m 3< to 150 g / m 3< , based on the weight of produced fabric. Accordingly, a reliable and thorough cleaning of the water can be achieved with a small amount of cleaning agent.

[0071] Further, the first process step i) of the treatment process, in particular cleaning process, can be carried out as or is a flotation process and / or a continuous foam separation process. Preferably a gas, in particular air, is introduced into the aqueous solution, in particular the water, in particular in the form of bubbles, preferably with an average diameter in the range of 1 µm to 10 µm, in particular 3 µm to 7 µm, and / or preferably in a continuous manner. The spinning additive is bound by the coagulated flocs. When a bubble comes into contact with a floc, the floc binds to the bubble and is carried to the water surface with the bubble. The spinning additive can then be bound in a particularly simple and reliable manner. The spinning additive can then bind to the bubbles in a particularly simple and reliable manner. With the help of the bubbles, the spinning additive can be brought to the surface of the aqueous solution and enriched there.

[0072] In a second process step ii) of the treatment process, in particular cleaning process, the aqueous solution, in particular the water, obtained from process step i), is preferably subjected to filtration. In particular, the filtration is performed such that remains sedimented or suspended in the aqueous solution, in particular the water, obtained from process step i), are removed. Preferably filtration is performed by means of sand filtration and / or membrane filtration, in particular first by means of sand filtration and, in particular optionally, subsequently by means of membrane filtration.

[0073] As a result of the treatment process, in particular the purification process, the resulting treated, in particular purified, aqueous solution, in particular water, has the following properties: a value of COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) in the range of 5 mg / L to 500 mg / L, in particular 20 mg / L to 350 mg / L, preferably 30 mg / L to 250 mg / L, more preferably 50 mg / L to 200 mg / L; and / or a concentration of BOD (Biochemical Oxygen Demand) in the range of 1 mg / L to 100 mg / L, in particular 5 mg / L to 80 mg / L, preferably 10 mg / L to 60 mg / L, more preferably 15 mg / L to 50 mg / L; and / or a concentration of total nitrogen (TN) in the range of 0.0001 mg / L to 0.1 mg / L, in particular 0,0005 mg / L to 0.05 mg / L, preferably 0.001 mg / L to 0.025 mg / L, more preferably 0.001 mg / L to 0.015 mg / L; a concentration of total phosphorous (TP) in the range of 0.01 mg / L to 3 mg / L, in particular 0,05 mg / L to 1.5 mg / L, preferably 0.1 mg / L to 1.25 mg / L, more preferably 0.5 mg / L to 1.0 mg / L; and / or a concentration of antimony (Sb) in the range of 0.0005 mg / L to 0.01 mg / L, in particular 0,0008 mg / L to 0.009 mg / L, preferably 0.001 mg / L to 0.008 mg / L, more preferably 0.0015 mg / L to 0.006 mg / L; and / or an electrical conductivity in the range of 100 µs / cm to 2000 µs / cm, in particular 150 µs / cm to 1000 µs / cm, preferably 200 µs / cm to 500 µs / cm, more preferably 300 µs / cm to 400 µs / cm.

[0074] The water then contains only a few impurities.

[0075] As a result of the treatment process, in particular the purification process, the resulting treated, in particular purified, aqueous solution, in particular water, has the following properties: the value of COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) is lowered in the range of 75 % to 99 %, in particular 80 % to 98 %, preferably 85 % to 97 %, more preferably 90 % to 96 %, compared to and / or based on the aqueous solution, in particular the water, used, in particular in method step e); and / or the concentration of BOD (Biochemical Oxygen Demand) is lowered in the range of 70 % to 95 %, in particular 75 % to 92 %, preferably 80 % to 90 %, more preferably 85 % to 89 %, compared to and / or based on the aqueous solution, in particular the water, used, in particular in method step e); and / or a concentration of total nitrogen (TN) is lowered by more than 85 %, in particular by more than 90 %, preferably by more than 95 %, more preferably by more than 98 %, compared to and / or based on the aqueous solution, in particular the water, used, in particular in method step e); a concentration of total phosphorous (TP) is lowered in the range of 30 % to 80 %, in particular 35 % to 70 %, preferably 38 % to 60 %, more preferably 40 % to 50 %, compared to and / or based on the aqueous solution, in particular the water, used, in particular in method step e); and / or a concentration of antimony (Sb) is lowered by more than 50 %, in particular by more than 60 %, preferably by more than 65 %, more preferably by more than 70 %, compared to and / or based on the aqueous solution, in particular the water, used, in particular in method step e).

[0076] The water then has a high degree of purification.

[0077] The amount of textile chemicals added, in particular in method steps a) to e), is preferably in the range of 0.5 wt.% to 10 wt.%, in particular 0.75 wt.% to 7.5 wt.%, preferably 0.85 wt.% to 5 wt.%, more preferably 0.9 wt.% to 4.5 wt.%, based on the weight of produced fabric. In particular the textile chemicals are added only in method steps c) and / or d). The term "textile chemicals" according to the invention means chemicals needed for yarn and / or fabric production.

[0078] The amount of water used In the method according to the present aspect of the invention, in particular in step e), is preferably not more than 50 L / kg of produced fabric, in particular not more than 25 L / kg of produced fabric, preferably not more than 10 L / kg of produced fabric, more preferably not more than 7 L / kg of produced fabric, in particular under the condition that the water used in the method is recycled, in particular in method step e).

[0079] Further, subject-matter of the present invention - according to a third aspect of the present invention-- is a use of a spinning additive in a method, in particular a proposed method, for producing a colored yarn based on synthetic fibers and / or for producing a colored fabric based on synthetic fibers. The spinning additive is preferably self-elutable and / or self-sluicing upon washing the yarn and / or a fabric spun from the yarn with an aqueous solution and / or the spinning additive is preferably water-soluble. Regarding the advantages achieved by using a corresponding spinning additive, reference is made to the above explanations.

[0080] The spinning additive preferably comprises at least one surface-active substance based on ethylenoxide, propylenoxide and mixtures thereof, in particular polyethylenoxide, polypropylenoxide and copolymers and mixtures thereof. Alternatively or additionally the surface-active substance can be a substance from the group of polyethers, in particular polyether homopolymers, polyether copolymers, preferably polyether block-copolymers, mixed ether-polyether-compounds and mixtures thereof, in particular wherein the polyether is a polyether of ethylenoxide, propylenoxide and mixtures thereof. In particular, the surface-active substance can be selected from the group of glycerol ethoxylate, polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene block-copolymers (Poloxamer),17otassiumm polyoxyethylene laurylether phosphate, and mixtures thereof.

[0081] Again further, subject-matter of the present invention - according to a fourth aspect of the present invention-- is a colored yarn comprising a spinning additive, wherein the spinning additive is self-elutable and / or self-sluicing upon washing the yarn with an aqueous solution and / or the spinning additive is water-soluble. Regarding the advantages achieved by using a corresponding spinning additive, reference is made to the above explanations.

[0082] The spinning additive can comprise at least one surface-active substance. The surface-active substance can be based on ethylenoxide, propylenoxide and mixtures thereof, in particular polyethylenoxide, polypropylenoxide and copolymers and mixtures thereof, and / or the surface-active substance dan be a substance from the group of polyethers, in particular polyether homopolymers, polyether copolymers, preferably polyether block-copolymers, mixed ether-polyether-compounds and mixtures thereof, in particular wherein the polyether is a polyether of ethylenoxide, propylenoxide and mixtures thereof. In particular, the surface-active substance is selected from the group of glycerol ethoxylate, polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene block-copolymers (Poloxamer),17otassiumm polyoxyethylene laurylether phosphate, and mixtures thereof.

[0083] The present invention, according to the present aspect, also relates to a colored yarn obtained by a proposed method for producing a colored yarn based on synthetic fibers.

[0084] Again further, subject-matter of the present invention - according to a fifth aspect of the present invention-- is a colored fabric obtained by a proposed method for producing a colored fabric based on synthetic fibers according.

[0085] For further details on this aspect of the invention, reference can also be made to the explanations on the further aspects of the present invention, wherein these explanations apply equally to the present aspect.

[0086] Additional advantages, features, properties and aspects of the present invention are apparent from the claims and the following description and a preferred embodiment with reference to the drawing. The drawing shows: Fig. 1a schematic view of a melt spinning plant; Fig. 2aa flow chart of the water treatment process of raw wastewater of a yarn / fabric washing process; Fig. 3an air flotation device of the water treatment process from Fig. 2; and Fig. 4a fabric based on a yarn produced with the melt spinning plant.

[0087] In the figures, some of which are not to scale and are only schematic, the same reference symbols are used for identical, equivalent or similar parts and components, whereby corresponding or comparable properties or advantages are achieved even if they are not repeated.

[0088] Fig. 1 shows a melt spinning plant / system 1 for producing a colored yarn 2 based on synthetic fibers 3, whereby the fibers 3 and / or yarns 2 are colored using the so-called dope-dyeing process.

[0089] Various synthetic yarns 2, for example made of polyester, polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate and / or polyamide, can be produced by using the melt spinning process.

[0090] A base material is required to produce the yarn 2. The base material comprises and / or is preferably a plastic and / or polymer base material. The plastic base material can be provided as a plastic granular base material. It is also possible to use a plastic powder base material. Here and preferable, the base material comprises a plastic granular base material.

[0091] A color masterbatch material can be mixed with the plastic granular base material in order to obtain the desired color of the fiber 3. The color masterbatch material contains at least one colorant for coloring the plastic or the fiber 3.

[0092] The colorant may comprise color pigments and / or chemicals. The colorant is usually incorporated in a highly concentrated form in a carrier material or resin that is compatible with the plastic used as plastic base material. It is particularly preferred that the colorant is mixed with raw polymer, i.e. untreated polymer or polymer granulate, to produce the color masterbatch. Preferably, the colorant is mixed with the same polymer that is used for yarn 2 production and / or as plastic base material. For example, in the production of a polyethylene terephthalate yarn 2, the colorant is preferably incorporated into polyethylene terephthalate. The color masterbatch material can then comprise colorants and polyethylene terephthalate.

[0093] In addition, the color masterbatch material can comprise at least one dispersing agent and / or a solvent. For example, a resin can be used as a solvent.

[0094] The color masterbatch material and the plastic granular base material can be mixed to obtain a mixed color masterbatch material and plastic granular base material, as method step a). The base material then comprises the color masterbatch material and the plastic granular base material.

[0095] The color masterbatch material can be provided and / or mixed with the plastic granular base material in an amount in the range of 0.05 wt.% to 10 wt.%, in particular 0.1 wt.% to 5 wt.%, preferably 0.25 wt.% to 4 wt.%, more preferably 0.4 to 3.5 wt.% by weight, based on the weight of the plastic granular base material.

[0096] The base material can also comprise other additives that ensure certain properties of the yarn 2, such as UV stabilization, flame retardancy, and / or antistatic. The additives can be in the form of an additive masterbatch material. The additive masterbatch material can be mixed with the plastic granular base material and the color masterbatch material.

[0097] Preferably, the base material must not comprise any moisture or should comprise as little moisture as possible, as the moisture evaporates when the base material is melted. The evaporated moisture creates small bubbles or steam inclusions in the polymer melt, which can cause bubbles in the yarn 2 and / or fibers 3. These bubbles and / or inclusions have a negative impact on the mechanical properties and, in particular, the strength of the yarn 2 and / or fiber 3.

[0098] The melt spinning system 1 can comprise a drying device 4 for drying the base material. The drying device 4 preferably dries the base material with hot, dry air in order to accelerate the drying process and to be able to operate it economically. The drying device 4 preferably dries the base material at temperatures above 100 °C, preferably at temperatures in the range from 110 °C to 160 °C, more preferably in at temperatures in the range from 130 °C to 150 °C. The base material is preferably dried under such conditions, that the moisture content of base material, is below 1 %, preferably below 0.5 %, more preferably below 0.1 % after drying.

[0099] As Fig. 1 also shows, the base material can be fed to an extruder 5 directly from the drying device 4. Alternatively, it is also possible to pack the dried base material in an airtight and / or moisture-proof manner and feed it to the extruder 5 with a time delay.

[0100] The dried base material is preferably fed to the extruder 5 via a material hopper 6 in order to enable a uniform feed into the extruder 5.

[0101] The extruder 5 melts the base material and provides it as a homogeneous polymer melt, as method step b). The starting material is melted by the extruder 5 by applying thermal and mechanical energy. The polymer melt reaches a temperature above the material-dependent melting temperature. The polymer melt is preferably heated to between 30 °C and 60 °C above the melting point of the polymer used.

[0102] Instead of using an extruder 5, the homogeneous polymer melt can also be prepared using a reactor in which the plastic and / or polymer is produced.

[0103] The homogeneous polymer melt is then fed to a spinneret 7 to spin a yarn 2, as a further method step c). The spinneret 7 can have one or more than one nozzle. If the spinneret 7 has one nozzle, a monofilament can be produced - i.e. a single filament and / or a single fiber yarn. If the spinneret 7 has more than one nozzle, a multifilament can be produced - i.e. a multi-fiber yarn.

[0104] The properties of the fiber 3 and / or yarn 2 produced can be influenced by the pressure with which the polymer melt is forced through the spinneret 7. In order to build up a constant and sufficiently high pressure upstream of the spinneret 7, a spinning pump 8 can be connected upstream of the spinneret 7. The spinning pump 8 can be designed as a gear pump, for example. Gear pumps are suitable for building up a high pressure at a constant delivery rate.

[0105] The molten polymer is forced through the spinneret 7 under high pressure. To prevent material breakage, it is necessary to use a spinning additive.

[0106] Here and preferably, the spinning additive is self-elutable and / or self-sluicing upon washing the yarn 2 and / or fabric spun from the yarn 2 with an aqueous solution and / or the spinning additive is water-soluble.

[0107] The spinning additive can comprise at least one surface-active substance and / or surfactant, preservative, lubricant, in particular plant-based lubricant, and mixtures thereof. Reference is made to the general part of the description.

[0108] The spinning additive can be added to the base material in step a) and / or while extruding in step b). Alternatively or additionally, the spinning additive can be added to the polymer melt while and / or before spinning, in particular in step c).

[0109] Each nozzle of the spinneret 7 produces a single filament or fiber 3. The fibers 3 produced in this way pass through a cooling section 9, in which the fibers 3 are cooled by means of an air flow 10. A constant air flow 10 can be generated over the length of the cooling section 9. However, it is also possible to generate an air flow 10 that varies in the direction in which the fibers 3 are drawn off. For example, the air flow 10 can change in temperature and / or flow velocity in the direction in which the fibers 3 are drawn off in order to enable optimum cooling of the fibers 3.

[0110] The cooled fibers 3 are drawn off by means of a draw-off roller 11. One fiber or several fibers 3 can be combined into one yarn 2 by means of the draw-off roller 11.

[0111] The fibers 3 can be stretched by means of the draw-off roller 11 depending on the drawn-off speed. This aligns the molecular chains with the fiber 3 axis. This parallel alignment can lead to interactions between the individual chains, for example hydrogen bonds between neighboring molecular chains. In combination with the temperatures used, the ratio of amorphous and crystalline sub-areas in the fiber 3 can also be varied for semi-crystalline plastics. The orientation of the molecular chains improves as the drawn-off speed increases. The draw-off speed can be between 1000 m / min and 6000 m / min.

[0112] The yarn 2 can then be wound up onto spools using a winder 12. The resulting spools of yarn 2 can then be used for manufacturing fabrics 30 and / or textiles.

[0113] A stretching device 13 for additional stretching of the fibers 3 or yarn 2 can be arranged between the draw-off roller 11 and the winder 12. The yarn 2 can be conveyed via at least two successively arranged stretching rollers 14 running at different speeds. Due to the different rotational speeds of the stretching rollers 14, the fibers 3 or yarns 2 are stretched or drawn in the longitudinal direction.

[0114] The stretching process aligns the molecular chains with the fiber 3 axis. This parallel alignment can lead to further interactions between the individual chains, for example further hydrogen bonds between neighboring molecular chains. The strength of the fiber 3 is significantly increased by the stretching process. On the one hand, the strength increases due to the parallel alignment of the molecular chains to the fiber 3 axis. On the other hand, the strength increases due to interactions that occur, such as the formation of hydrogen bonds. Depending on the degree of stretching, a distinction is made between high oriented yarn 2 (HOY), low oriented yarn 2 (LOY) and partially oriented yarn 2 (POY).

[0115] Here and preferably partially oriented yarn 2 is generated.

[0116] An additional or alternative stretching can also be carried out subsequently before the yarns 2 wound onto spools are further processed. It is also possible to process the yarns 2 produced in a next step with other yarns 2 (e.g. made of elastane) to form a composite.

[0117] The yarn 2 produced can then be further processed into a fabric 30 and / or textile, in particular a flat 30 fabric, for example by weaving, knitting and / or warp knitting in a further method step d). During processing, further additives are usually used to facilitate further processing and / or to prevent fibers 3 and / or yarn 2 from tearing. Before processing into an end product, such as shirts, sweaters or shoes, the spinning additives and / or additives added during the spinning process and / or further processing must be removed from the textile.

[0118] For this purpose, the fabric is washed to remove the spinning additive and / or additives from the fabric in a further method step e).

[0119] The washing process 15 (Fig. 2) can preferably be limited to 30 minutes due to the small amount of particles to be washed out. The washing process 15 is preferably carried out at a temperature between 80°C and 95°C, in particular at least substantially 90°C.

[0120] The ratio between the textile to be washed and water is preferably between 1:5 and 1:9, preferably between 1:6 and 1:8. This means that less water is required than when washing textiles produced by conventional dope-dyeing methods.

[0121] Here, and preferably, no detergent is required during the washing process 15, which means that the fabric can be produced in a particularly environmentally friendly manner.

[0122] Fig. 2 shows a schematic flow chart of a treatment process 16, in particular a water treatment process. The treatment process 16 is preferably designed in three stages.

[0123] The raw wastewater from the washing process is first fed into an air flotation device 17. The air flotation device 17 represents the first stage, in particular step i) of treatment process 16.

[0124] Fig. 3 shows the air flotation device 17 in detail. The air flotation device 17 preferably has a cleaning tank T for receiving and cleaning the raw wastewater. A cleaning agent is preferably added to the raw wastewater. The cleaning agent is preferable selected from flocculants, flocculation aids, clarifying agents, precipitants, coagulates, pH-regulators, and mixtures thereof.

[0125] In Fig. 3 the arrow A1 shows the filling of raw wastewater and cleaning agent into the air flotation device 17.

[0126] The raw wastewater preferably flows through the air flotation device 17. The arrow A2 indicates the direction of flow of the wastewater.

[0127] The cleaning agent can be added in amounts in the range of 10 g / m 3< to 400 g / m 3< , based on the weight of washed and / or produced fabric.

[0128] The air flotation device 17 preferably has an agitator 18 to evenly mix the raw wastewater and the cleaning agent. The cleaning agent preferably begins to coagulate into small flocs 19. Pollutants, including dissociative colorants, fibers 3, spinning additives and other residues, can be bound to the flocs 19.

[0129] As Fig. 3 shows, the air flotation device 17 has an air bubble generator 20. The air bubble generator 20 is designed to generate air bubbles 21. The arrow A3 shows the addition of air to generate air bubbles using the bubble generator. The air bubbles 21 can rise to the water surface due to the gravity.

[0130] A partition wall P1 is preferably provided between the agitator 18 and the air bubble generator 20, under which the raw wastewater is passed. This ensures that the raw wastewater is evenly mixed with the cleaning agent or / or flocs 19. The air bubbles 21 can then be introduced evenly into the raw wastewater mixed with the flocs 19.

[0131] The air bubbles 21 generated have a diameter of between 1 µm and 10 µm, preferably between 2.5 µm and 8 µm, and preferably between 3 µm and 7 µm, and or preferably in a continuous manner. As the air bubbles 21 rise to the surface, flocs 19 with which an air bubble 21 comes into contact are bound to the air bubble 21. In this way, the air bubbles 21 transport the flocs 19 and the pollutants attached to the flocs 19 to the water surface.

[0132] The air bubbles 21 bound with flocs 19 and the pollutants adhering to the flocs 19 create a foam 22 on the water surface. The foam 22 containing the flocs 19 and pollutants can be removed from the water surface by means of a scraper 23 that can be moved along the water surface as indicated by arrow A4. The foam 22 can be discharged into a collecting basin B using the scraper 23. The foam 22 can be removed from the collection basin B for further treatment, as indicated by the arrow A5.

[0133] The raw wastewater is treated by the air bubbles 21, as disclosed above. The cleaning tank T preferably comprises a second partition wall P2 under which the at least substantially partially cleaned water can be guided. The at least substantially partially cleaned water can be discharged as indicated by arrow A6.

[0134] Due to the low concentration of pollutants, a surface load between 30 m / h and 40 m / h can preferably be achieved. In the present case, the term "surface load" refers to the maximum hydraulic loading of the air flotation device 17, which corresponds to the minimum settling velocity of the particles / pollutants to be deposited. The surface load results from the maximum achievable flow rate of the air flotation device 17 in relation to the base area of the air flotation device 17.

[0135] Due to the low concentration of pollutants, the energy requirement for air flotation can be less than 0.1 kWh per 1000 liters of water, preferably less than 0,09 kWh per 1000 liters, more preferably less than 0.075 kWh per 1000 liters.

[0136] The foam 22 is preferably collected as described above and fed to a gravity separator 24. The pollutants and the water contained in the foam 22 can be separated from each other by means of the gravity separator 24. For this purpose, the foam 22 can be settled for up to 24 hours at a standstill. In this way, foam 22 can be separated into water and sludge, with the water and sludge settling out due to their different densities. The sludge that forms and / or settles is preferably concentrated and in particular comprises up to 10 times more pollutants than the foam 22.

[0137] The concentrated sludge contains biodegradable organic substances that are suitable for biological treatment. The ratio of Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) to Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) is preferably more than 0.3 (BOD / COD > 30 %).

[0138] The sludge can be decomposed and reduced in bioreactors to minimize the final solids output.

[0139] The water contained by the gravity separator 24, in particular by an additional condensation step, is preferably at least essentially free of pollutants. The clean water can be fed to a water tank 25 for clean water, as Fig. 2 shows. Water containing pollutants can be fed back to the air flotation device 17.

[0140] The first step, in particular step i) of the (water) treatment process 16 of the raw wastewater by means of the air flotation device 17 preferably produces so-called gray water. The gray water can be fed to a subsequent filtration device 26, as shown in Fig. 2. The filtration device 26 preferably forms the second stage, in particular a method step ii), of the treatment process 16.

[0141] The gray water can have a value of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) between 1010 mg / L and 1280 mg / L and / or a concentration of Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) between 250 mg / L and 280 mg / L and / or a concentration of total nitrogen (TN) between 2,0 mg / L and 2.4 mg / L and / or a concentration of total phosphorous (TP) between 1.1 mg / L and 1.3 mg / L and / or a concentration of antimony (Sb) between 0.012 mg / L and 0.02 mg / L and / or an electrical conductivity between 96 µs / cm and 104 µs / cm.

[0142] The Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) is preferably determined according to the Chinese national standard GB / T 11914.

[0143] The Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) is preferably determined according to the Chinese national standard HJ 505.

[0144] The concentration of biochemical total nitrogen (TN) is preferably determined according to the Chinese national standard HJ 636.

[0145] The concentration of total phosphorous (TP) is preferably determined according to the Chinese national standard GB / T 11893.

[0146] The concentration of antimony (Sb) is preferably determined according to the Chinese national standard GB / T 11893.

[0147] The filtration device 26 is preferably designed to further purify the gray water. For this purpose, the filtration device 26 preferably has sand, in particular quartz sand, for sand-filtering the gray water. However, it is also possible to use other materials for filtering the gray water.

[0148] The sand preferably has an average grain size of between 0.3 mm and 2 mm, more preferably between 0.4 mm and 1.5 mm, more preferably between 0.5 mm and 1.2 mm.

[0149] The water purified by the filtration device 26 can be fed to a water tank 27 for purified water. The purified water can be used for a further washing process 15, as Fig. 2 shows in detail. Due to the two-stage treatment process 16, the water used in the washing process 15 and subsequently purified can be reused at least 15 times and / or less than 25 times. Preferably, the purified water can be reused between 15 and 20 times.

[0150] The clean water supplied to the water tank 25 for clean water preferably contains less pollutants than the purified water supplied to the water tank 27 for purified water.

[0151] The water purified by sand filtration can have a value of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) between 58 mg / L and 148 mg / L and / or a concentration of Biohemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) between 28 mg / L and 37 mg / L and / or a concentration of total nitrogen (TN) between 0,009 mg / L and 0.013 mg / L and / or a concentration of total phosphorous (TP) between 0.6 mg / L and 0.8 mg / L and / or a concentration of antimony (Sb) between 0.002 mg / L and 0.004 mg / L and / or an electrical conductivity between 332 µs / cm and 349 µs / cm.

[0152] In this way, due to the treatment process 16 between 90 % and 95 % of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and / or between 86 % and 90 % of Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) and / or more than 99 % of TN and / or between 40 % and 45 % of phosphorous (TP) and / or more than 75 % of antimony (Sb) can be removed from the raw wastewater.

[0153] The filtration device 26 can reduce the concentration of remaining suspended solids (SS) in the purified water to less than 1 mg / l.

[0154] If a higher water quality is to be achieved or if the water quality achieved by the two stages of treatment process 16 does not meet the specified requirements, the purified water can be fed to a membrane filtration device 28 for further purification (Fig. 2), as a method step iii) of the treatment process 16.

[0155] The membrane filtration device 28 preferably has a membrane for reverse osmosis (RO) and / or a membrane for ultrafiltration (UF), through which the water is further purified. The water purified by the membrane filtration device 28 can be supplied as clean water to the water tank 25 for clean water. The clean water can be fed to the washing process 15 and / or used for further processing 29 of the fabric 30.

[0156] The water enriched with pollutants resulting from reverse osmosis or ultrafiltration can be fed to a separate water treatment, which is not shown in detail in the figures.

[0157] Fig. 4 shows a colored fabric 30 obtained by a method for producing a colored yarn 2 based on synthetic fibers 3 according to a proposed method.Reference Symbol List:

[0158] 1Melt spinning system 2Yarn 3Fiber 4Drying device 5Extruder 6Material hopper 7Spinneret 8Spinning pump 9Cooling section 10Air flow 11Draw-off roller 12Winder 13Stretching device 14Stretching roller 15Washing process 16Water treatment process 17Air flotation device 18Agitator 19floc 20Bubble generator 21Air bubble 22Foam 23Scraper 24Gravity separator 25Water tank 26Filtration device 27Water tank 28Membrane filtration device 29Further processing 30Fabric A1 - A6Arrow P1Partition wall P2Partition wall TCleaning tank

Claims

1. Method for producing a colored yarn (2) based on synthetic fibers (3), wherein the method comprises the addition of a spinning additive, characterized in that the spinning additive is self-elutable and / or self-sluicing upon washing the yarn (2) and / or a fabric spun from the yarn (2) with an aqueous solution and / or the spinning additive is water-soluble.

2. Method according to claim 1, wherein the method for producing a colored yarn (2) includes and / or is a dope-dyeing process.

3. Method according to claim 2, wherein the dope-dyeing process comprises the method steps of providing the base materials as a polymer melt and / or extruding the base materials, and spinning a yarn (2) from the molten polymer, in particular wherein the addition of the spinning additive is performed while providing the base materials as molten polymer and / or while extruding the base materials and / or while spinning a yarn (2) from the synthetic fiber.

4. Method for producing a colored yarn (2) based on synthetic fibers (3), in particular method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the method comprises the following method steps in the following order: a) providing separately from another a color masterbatch material and a plastic granular base material, followed by mixing to obtain a mixed color masterbatch material and plastic granular base material, and / or providing a mixed color masterbatch material and plastic granular base material, b) providing the mixed color masterbatch material and plastic granular base materials as molten polymer and / or extruding the mixed color masterbatch material and plastic granular base materials, c) spinning a yarn (2) from the molten polymer, characterized in that in at least one of the method steps a), b) and / or c) a spinning additive is added, wherein the spinning additive is self-elutable and / or self-sluicing upon washing the yarn and / or a fabric spun from the yarn with an aqueous solution.

5. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the plastic granular base material comprises and / or is a thermoplastic polymer material, in particular a thermoplastic polymer material selected from the group of polyolefins, polyesters, polyamides, polyacrylates, polyethers, polyacetals, polyurethanes, polystyrols and mixtures thereof, in particular polyolefins, polyesters, polyamides, polyacrylates and mixtures thereof.

6. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein, in particular in at least one of the method steps a), b) and / or c), the added spinning additive comprises at least one surface-active substance based on ethylenoxide, propylenoxide and mixtures thereof, in particular polyethylenoxide, polypropylenoxide and copolymers and mixtures thereof, and / or wherein the surface-active substance is a substance from the group of polyethers, in particular polyether homopolymers, polyether copolymers, preferably polyether block-copolymers, mixed ether-polyether-compounds and mixtures thereof, in particular wherein the polyether is a polyether of ethylenoxide, propylenoxide and mixtures thereof, in particular wherein the surface-active substance is selected from the group of glycerol ethoxylate, polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene block-copolymers (Poloxamer), potassiam polyoxyethylene laurylether phosphate, and mixtures thereof.

7. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein, in particular in at least one of the method steps a), b) and / or c), the added spinning additive in addition comprises surfactants, preservatives, lubricants, in particular plant-based lubricants, preferably vegetable oil, and / or stabilizers.

8. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein, in particular after spinning a yarn (2) and / or method step c), in particular continuously and / or without interruption consecutively or discontinuously and / or with interruptions, the method comprises a further method step: manufacturing a colored fabric, in particular by weaving and / or knitting, from the yarn, in particular as a method step d).

9. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein, in particular after manufacturing a colored fabric (30) from the yarn and / or method step d), in particular continuously and / or without interruption consecutively or discontinuously and / or with interruptions, the method comprises a further method step: washing and finishing the obtained colored fabric (30), in particular as a method step e).

10. Method for producing a colored fabric (30) based on synthetic fibers (3), wherein the method comprises the addition of a spinning additive, wherein the spinning additive is self-elutable and / or self-sluicing upon washing the fabric (30) with an aqueous solution and / or wherein the spinning additive is water-soluble, and / or wherein the method includes a method for producing a colored yarn (2) based on synthetic fibers (3) according to one of claims 1 to 9.

11. Method for producing a colored fabric (30) based on synthetic fibers (3), wherein the method includes a method for producing a colored yarn (2) based on synthetic fibers (3) according to one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the aqueous solution, in particular the water, used while washing and finishing the obtained colored fabric, in particular in method step e), is subjected to a treatment process (16), in particular a cleaning process, preferably wherein the water is recycled in the claimed method, in particular in step e) of the claimed method, and / or is released as clean water from the process.

12. Method according to claim 10 or 11, wherein in a first process step i) of the treatment process (16), in particular cleaning process, the aqueous solution, in particular the water, used, in particular in method step e), is treated with a water cleaning agent, in particular wherein the water cleaning agent is selected such that remains in the aqueous solution, in particular the water, used, in particular in method step e), coagulate, in particular flocculate, and / or precipitate from the aqueous solution, in particular the water; preferably wherein the water cleaning agent is selected from flocculants, flocculation aids, clarifying agents, precipitants, coagulants, pH-regulators, and mixtures thereof, in particular wherein the water cleaning is organically based or inorganically based, preferably inorganically based.

13. Use of a spinning additive in a method for producing a colored yarn (2) based on synthetic fibers (3) and / or for producing a colored fabric (30) based on synthetic fibers (2), in particular according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the spinning additive is self-elutable and / or self-sluicing upon washing the yarn and / or a fabric (3)0 spun from the yarn (2) with an aqueous solution.

14. Colored yarn (2) comprising a spinning additive, wherein the spinning additive is self-elutable and / or self-sluicing upon washing the yarn with an aqueous solution.

15. Colored fabric (30) obtained by a method for producing a colored fabric (30) based on synthetic fibers (3) according to one of the preceding claims.

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