Gearbox

Abstract

A gearbox, the gearbox comprising two driving shafts which each transmit torque to a driven gear of the gearbox via two intermediate shafts of the gearbox.

Description

[0001] Gearbox

[0002] Description:

[0003] The invention relates to a transmission.

[0004] It is known that a gearbox has an input shaft and an output shaft.

[0005] From DE 75 27 359 U, a gearbox is known as the closest prior art.

[0006] A gearbox for driving large-scale plants is known from DE 1 650 848 A.

[0007] A two-way transmission with power split is known from DE 34 158 543 01.

[0008] The invention is therefore based on the object of developing a transmission in which the highest possible torque can be provided on the output side.

[0009] According to the invention, the object is achieved in the transmission according to the features specified in claim 1.

[0010] Important features of the invention in the transmission are that the transmission has two, in particular only exactly two, input shafts, which each transmit torque to an output gear of the transmission via two intermediate shafts of the transmission, in particular in the interior region of the transmission which is at least partially filled with lubricating oil.

[0011] The advantage here is that the drive power supplied via two input shafts is transmitted to the output gear via four intermediate shafts, particularly within the transmission. This transfers high torque to the output gear. To this end, the power flow supplied by each input shaft is gently transferred to the output gear via two intermediate shafts, because the surface pressure is reduced by splitting the power flow, thus preventing overloading of the output gear material.

[0012] It is also important that the shafts can be arranged primarily in the lower part of the gearbox, and in particular that they are not evenly distributed around the circumference of the output gear. This makes it possible to use a gearbox housing split into a lower and an upper part. The upper part therefore does not have to dissipate large forces and can therefore be designed with a relatively thin wall thickness. Since the upper part operates essentially force-free, in particular without the introduction of transverse forces, the connection to the lower part can be implemented without any stiffening measures. Nevertheless, the sealing point between the upper and lower parts is unstressed and therefore the connection between the upper and lower parts is oil-tight.

[0013] According to the invention, the upper part is designed with thin walls and can therefore be constructed in a material-saving manner.

[0014] In an advantageous embodiment, each of the input shafts has two toothings spaced apart from one another, in particular spaced apart from one another in the axial direction, wherein a first of the two toothings of the respective input shaft is in engagement with a first toothing of a respective first intermediate shaft, wherein a second of the two toothings of the respective input shaft is in engagement with a first toothing of a respective second intermediate shaft, wherein a second toothing of the respective first intermediate shaft is in engagement with the output gear, in particular with a toothing of the output gear, wherein a second toothing of the respective second intermediate shaft is in engagement with the output gear, in particular with a toothing of the output gear,In particular, the engagement areas are arranged in the interior of the transmission, which is at least partially filled with lubricating oil. This is advantageous because the introduced torque can be split within the transmission housing, thus protecting it and subjected to lubricating oil. In particular, the shafts are supported in the lower part, with none of the shafts being supported in the upper part, with the exception of the half bearing receptacles for the second intermediate shafts formed on the upper part.

[0015] In an advantageous embodiment, the respective gearing of the input shaft is machined directly into the input shaft or is machined into a respective pinion or gearwheel that is mounted on the input shaft and connected to the input shaft in a rotationally fixed, particularly form-fitting manner. This allows for a simple and cost-effective design.

[0016] In an advantageous embodiment, the rotational axes of the input shafts, the rotational axes of the intermediate shafts, and the rotational axis of the output gear are aligned parallel to each other. This is advantageous because the gearing components of the transmission can be designed as spur gears, thus resulting in minimal power losses.

[0017] In an advantageous embodiment, the engagement areas of the gears, in particular the engagement areas, are arranged in the interior area surrounded by the housing and at least partially filled with lubricating oil, in particular within the housing, particularly protected from dirt and dust from the environment. This is advantageous in that the operation of the gear unit can be carried out reliably and a long service life can be achieved.

[0018] In an advantageous embodiment, the housing comprises a lower part and an upper part, wherein bearing receptacles are formed in the lower part, in which bearings are accommodated for the rotatable support of the input shafts or first intermediate shafts. The upper part is connected to the lower part, in particular wherein the bearing receptacles are designed as bores through the lower part, in particular bearing bores. Advantageously, a split, i.e., divided, housing can be used, wherein the upper part is placed onto the lower part to form the complete bearing receptacles for the second shafts.

[0019] In an advantageous embodiment, the contact surface of the lower part, where the lower part touches the upper part, is flat, wherein the contact surface is encompassed by a plane, in particular a separation plane and / or splitting plane. This is advantageous in that sealing can be achieved in a simple manner, in particular by means of an intermediate flat gasket.

[0020] In an advantageous embodiment, the lower part is designed in a trough shape. This has the advantage that lubricating oil can be arranged within the trough without any additional effort.

[0021] In an advantageous embodiment, the upper part is attached to the lower part, in particular by purely translational movement, particularly in the direction of gravity. This is advantageous because it allows for simple manufacturing.

[0022] In an advantageous embodiment, a seal, in particular a flat seal, is arranged between the upper and lower parts. This provides the advantage of enabling sealing in a cost-effective manner.

[0023] In an advantageous embodiment, the plane contains the rotational axis of the output gear and the rotational axes of the second intermediate shafts. This is advantageous because the splitting plane precisely halves the bearing mounts of the second intermediate shafts, thus enabling simple, cost-effective manufacturing. In particular, a turning tool or grinding tool can be lowered in the normal direction to the splitting plane, i.e., in the direction of gravity, with the rotating axis contained within the plane, particularly horizontally aligned, in order to manufacture the halved bearing mounts with high precision.In an advantageous embodiment, a respective first half of a bearing receptacle for the bearing of a respective second intermediate shaft is formed in the lower part, in particular wherein a respective second half of the bearing receptacle for the bearing is formed in the upper part, in particular so that half of the outer ring of the bearing of the respective second intermediate shaft is held in the lower part and the other half in the upper part. The advantage here is that the weight of the outer ring presses onto the lower half of the bearing receptacle, i.e. half of the bearing receptacle in the lower part, and is thus securely inserted. The weight of the bearing is therefore only transmitted to the lower part and not to the upper part. The upper part is placed onto the lower part and is thus pressed against the outer ring of the bearing with only slight contact pressure. This only ensures tightness and not the dissipation of significant forces.

[0024] In an advantageous embodiment, the plane is horizontal. The advantage here is that the gearbox is positioned so that the splitting plane is horizontal. This allows the lower section to be filled with oil, and no special measures for oil retention are necessary.

[0025] In an advantageous embodiment, the axes of rotation of the input shafts and the first and second intermediate shafts are arranged within a circumferential angular range of no more than 180° relative to the axis of rotation of the output gear. It is advantageous that the shafts are accommodated in the lower part, since the engagement areas are located in the lower circumferential half. Thus, significant forces can be dissipated through the lower part, for which purpose this lower part is designed with appropriate stiffening, and the upper part only needs to have a thin wall thickness.

[0026] In an advantageous embodiment, the axes of rotation of the input shafts and the first intermediate shafts are arranged on the side of the plane facing away from the upper part, in particular the parting plane or splitting plane. It is advantageous that the shafts are accommodated in the lower part, since the engagement areas are located in the lower circumferential half. Thus, significant forces can be dissipated through the lower part, for which purpose this lower part is designed with appropriate stiffening and the upper part only needs to have a thin wall thickness.

[0027] In an advantageous embodiment, the rotational axes of the second intermediate shafts lie in the plane. This is advantageous because the splitting plane, i.e., the separation plane, contains these rotational axes, thus precisely bisecting the bearing mounts of the second intermediate shafts.

[0028] In an advantageous embodiment, the upper part has a trapezoidal shape, particularly in a side view, especially in a direction parallel to the rotational axis of the output gear. This is advantageous in that the upper part follows the circumference of the output gear, which is the largest toothed part of the transmission, with the smallest possible distance and can therefore be designed in a semicircular or trapezoidal shape, with the trapezoidal design allowing flat outer surfaces and easy adaptation to the largest extent of the contact surface between the lower part and the upper part.

[0029] In an advantageous embodiment, the bearing mounts for the bearings of the output gear or the output shaft connected to the output gear in a rotationally fixed manner, and for the bearings of the second intermediate shafts, are divided in half by the plane, in particular, half are arranged in the upper part and the other half in the lower part. This is advantageous because the weight of the bearings and shafts is transferred to the lower part. The upper part does not have to absorb any significant forces.

[0030] Further advantages emerge from the dependent claims. The invention is not limited to the combination of features in the claims. Further possible combinations of claims and / or individual claim features and / or features of the description and / or the figures will become apparent to those skilled in the art, particularly from the problem and / or the problem posed by comparison with the prior art. The invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to schematic illustrations:

[0031] Figure 1 shows the toothed parts of a transmission according to the invention in an oblique view.

[0032] In Figure 2, the gearbox is shown in an oblique view, with an upper part 30 of the gearbox housing removed.

[0033] In Figure 3, the gearbox is shown in side view, with the upper part 30 placed on the lower part 20

[0034] As shown in the figures, the transmission according to the invention has two input shafts 1 which are aligned parallel to one another and spaced apart from one another.

[0035] Each of the input shafts has two toothings 5 ​​and 7 spaced apart from one another, in particular axially spaced apart from one another.

[0036] The toothings (5, 7) are machined directly into the input shaft 1 or a respective pinion or gear wheel having the respective toothing (5, 7) is placed on the input shaft 1 and connected to the input shaft in a rotationally fixed, in particular form-fitting manner.

[0037] A first intermediate shaft 2 and a second intermediate shaft 3 are arranged in the gearbox parallel to each of the input shafts 1.

[0038] A first toothing 6 of the first intermediate shaft 2 is in engagement with the toothing 5 of the input shaft 1.

[0039] A first toothing 8 of the second intermediate shaft 3 engages with the toothing 7 of the input shaft 1. A second toothing of the first intermediate shaft 2 engages with an output gear 4.

[0040] A second toothing of the second intermediate shaft 3 is in engagement with a driving gear 4.

[0041] In this way, the torque introduced via the input shafts 1 is transmitted to the output gear 4 via four toothings, wherein the four toothings are spaced apart from one another in the circumferential direction with respect to the direction of rotation of the output gear 4.

[0042] In particular, the meshing areas of the four gears are distributed only over the lower half of the output gear. This allows for a simpler housing design, especially a split housing, and easier assembly of the gearbox.

[0043] The housing of the gearbox has a lower part 20 and an upper part 30 placed thereon.

[0044] The two second intermediate shafts 3 are rotatably supported by rolling bearings, the bearing receptacle of which is formed half by the lower part 20 and the other half by the upper part 30. In particular, the respective outer ring of the respective rolling bearing is received on its radial outer circumference half in the lower part 20 and the other half in the upper part 30. This enables simple assembly. With the upper part 30 lifted off, the respective second intermediate shaft 3 only needs to be inserted into the half of the bearing receptacle formed by the lower part 20. The upper part is therefore designed with a trapezoidal shape in side view, in particular in a direction parallel to the axis of rotation of the output gear 4.

[0045] In particular, the bearing receptacles for the bearings, in particular the outer bearing rings, of the second intermediate shafts 3 are halved. Bearing bores are provided in the lower part 20 to accommodate the bearings, in particular the rolling bearings, of the input shafts 1 and the first intermediate shafts 2. In particular, the bearing bores are continuous.

[0046] The gears (5, 6, 7, 8) which are in engagement with the output gear 4 or with each other are located in the interior space surrounded by the housing of the gearbox.

[0047] The rotational axes of the output shaft 4 and the second intermediate shaft 3 together span a plane that functions as a splitting plane, in particular as a separation plane, between the lower part 20 and the upper part 30. In particular, this plane also includes the contact areas between the upper part 30 and the lower part 20.

[0048] Each of the toothings (5, 6, 7, 8), in particular the toothings of the input shafts 1 and the toothings of the intermediate shafts (2, 3) as well as the toothing of the output gear 4, is designed as an involute toothing.

[0049] The gear teeth of the respective input shaft 1 are designed as straight gear teeth, in particular with a vanishing helix angle. Likewise, the gear teeth (8, 6) of the intermediate shafts (2, 3), which mesh with the gear teeth of the input shafts 1, are designed as straight gear teeth, in particular with a vanishing helix angle.

[0050] In this way, axial displacements of the input shafts 1 are compensated. In particular, however, axial forces, which are introduced, for example, via the output gear, are not transmitted to the input shafts and thus also not to the electric motors driving the input shafts 1. In contrast, those gears of the intermediate shafts (2, 3) which mesh with the output gear 4 are designed with helical gearing, in particular with a non-zero helix angle, and preferably as double gearing and / or herringbone gearing.

[0051] The upper part contains only the halved bearing mounts for the outer rings of the bearings of the second intermediate shaft 3. No further bearing mounts are present in the upper part 30.

[0052] The lower part 20 is designed in a trough shape so that lubricating oil can be absorbed and the engagement areas of the gears are supplied with lubricating oil.

[0053] The recess in the lower part 20 covered by the upper part 30 is sufficiently large to allow the installation of the output gear 4, since this is inserted when the upper part 30 is lifted. In addition, the second intermediate shafts 3 are inserted.

[0054] Ball bearings can be used as rolling bearings for the rotatable support of the input shafts 1.

[0055] According to the invention, the splitting plane contains the rotational axis of the output gear 4. Thus, the rotational axes of all intermediate shafts (2, 3) whose teeth mesh with the output gear are arranged within the lower half of the circumferential angular range relative to the rotational axis of the output gear. Since the weight of the output gear 4 is thus directed downward in the direction of gravity, the transmission is stabilized.

[0056] Furthermore, the upper part 30 does not have to dissipate any forces introduced via the shaft bearings, but only needs to be connected to the lower part 20 in an oil-tight manner. For this purpose, a flat seal is arranged between the upper part 30 and the lower part 20. The axes of rotation of the input shafts 1 and the four intermediate shafts (2, 3) cover a maximum circumferential angular range of 180° with respect to the axis of rotation of the output gear 4. It is advantageous that the circumferential angular range covered by the upper part 30 does not include any shaft axes of rotation, with the two second intermediate shafts 3 being included in the circumferential angular range covered by the lower part 20.

[0057] Ribs are formed on the lower part 20 for stiffening, thus improving the dissipation of high forces. A first of the ribs runs parallel to the splitting plane, in particular horizontally, and connects two bearing receptacles formed in the lower part 20, in particular the bearing receptacles of the bearings of the first intermediate shafts.

[0058] One or more second of the ribs extend parallel to the normal direction, in particular vertically, and connect a base plate region of the lower part 20 to the bearing receptacle of the bearing for the output shaft connected to the output gear.

[0059] In contrast, the upper part 30 does not have such ribs, in particular no rib connecting bearing receptacles.

[0060] In further embodiments according to the invention, the bearings of the intermediate shafts (2, 3) are designed as angular contact bearings so that axial forces can also be dissipated via them.

[0061] List of reference symbols

[0062] 1 input shaft 2 first intermediate shaft

[0063] 3 second intermediate shaft

[0064] 4 output gear

[0065] 5 Gearing

[0066] 6 Gearing 7 Gearing

[0067] 8 Gearing

[0068] 20 Lower part of the housing 30 Upper part of the housing

Claims

Patent claims:

1. Gearbox, wherein the gearbox has at least two, in particular only exactly two, input shafts, which each transmit torque to an output gear of the gearbox via two intermediate shafts of the gearbox, in particular in the interior region of the gearbox which is at least partially filled with lubricating oil.

2. Gearbox, in particular according to claim 1, characterized in that each of the input shafts has two toothings (5, 7) spaced apart from one another, in particular spaced apart from one another in the axial direction, wherein a first of the two toothings of the respective input shaft is in engagement with a first toothing of a respective first intermediate shaft, wherein a second of the two toothings of the respective input shaft is in engagement with a first toothing of a respective second intermediate shaft, wherein a second toothing of the respective first intermediate shaft is in engagement with the output gear, in particular with a toothing of the output gear, wherein a second toothing of the respective second intermediate shaft is in engagement with the output gear, in particular with a toothing of the output gear,in particular wherein the engagement areas are arranged in the interior area of ​​the transmission which is at least partially filled with lubricating oil., 3. Gearbox according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the respective toothing (5, 7) of the input shaft (1) is machined directly into the input shaft (1) or is machined into a respective pinion or gear which is fitted onto the input shaft (1) and is connected to the input shaft (1) in a rotationally fixed, in particular form-fitting manner.

4. Transmission according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the axes of rotation of the input shafts and the axes of rotation of the intermediate shafts and the axis of rotation of the output gear are aligned parallel to each other.

5. Gearbox according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the engagement areas of the toothings, in particular the engagement areas, are arranged in the interior area surrounded by the housing and at least partially filled with lubricating oil, in particular are arranged within the housing, in particular protected from dirt and dust from the environment.

6. Gearbox according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the housing has a lower part and an upper part, wherein bearing receptacles are formed in the lower part, in which bearings are received for the rotatable mounting of the input shafts or first intermediate shafts, wherein the upper part is connected to the lower part, in particular wherein the bearing receptacles are designed as bores passing through the lower part, in particular bearing bores.

7. Gearbox according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the contact surface of the lower part, at which the lower part touches the upper part, is flat, wherein the contact surface is encompassed by a plane, in particular a parting plane and / or a splitting plane, and / or that the contact surface of the lower part, at which the lower part touches the upper part, is interrupted several times, in particular is therefore not designed to be continuously connected.

8. Transmission according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lower part is trough-shaped.

9. Gearbox according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the upper part is placed on the lower part, in particular by purely translational movement, in particular in the direction of gravity, and / or that a seal, in particular a flat seal, is arranged between the upper part and the lower part.

10. Transmission according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the plane contains the axis of rotation of the output gear and the axes of rotation of the second intermediate shafts.

11. Transmission according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the lower part a respective first half of a bearing receptacle of the bearing of a respective second intermediate shaft is formed, in particular wherein a respective second half of the bearing receptacle of the bearing is formed in the upper part, in particular so that the outer ring of the bearing of the respective second intermediate shaft is received half in the lower part and the other half in the upper part.

12. Transmission according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the plane is a horizontal plane.

13. Transmission according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the axes of rotation of the input shafts and of the first and second intermediate shafts are arranged in a circumferential angular range with respect to the axis of rotation of the output gearwheel which comprises at most 180° and / or that the axes of rotation of the input shafts and of the first intermediate shafts are arranged on the side of the plane facing away from the upper part, in particular the parting plane or splitting plane, and / or the axes of rotation of the second intermediate shafts lie in the plane.

14. Gearbox according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the upper part has a trapezoidal shape, in particular in side view, in particular in a direction parallel to the axis of rotation of the output gear.

15. Gearbox according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bearing receptacles for the bearings of the output gear or of the output shaft connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the output gear and for the bearings of the second intermediate shafts are halved by means of the plane, in particular half are arranged in the upper part and the other half in the lower part.

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