Wooden filler and machine for producing corresponding cavities

Abstract

The invention relates to a novel round-disc-shaped wooden dowel (1), its manufacture, and a milling machine for inserting this type of dowel into corresponding cavities in the wooden semi-finished products (2) to be joined. By simply exchanging the specific copying templates (12), corresponding to the round-disc dowels, with various other templates (19), (21) and (23), specific cavities can be generated for flat wooden dowels (20) of the "Lamello" type, for flat wooden dowels (22) of the "Domino" type, and for cylindrical wooden dowels (24).

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a new round-disc wooden dowel used for gluing semi-finished wood products. The invention also describes a hand-held milling machine for producing the cavities in the wooden parts to be joined. With the addition of appropriate templates, this milling machine can also be used to produce specific cavities for all other known and currently used types of wooden dowels.

[0002] Wood glue dowels are auxiliary elements used especially in the furniture industry for the permanent and rigid connection of various components made of fiber-reinforced wood materials, but also for connecting other solid wood semi-finished products such as boards, beams, interior stair structures, etc.

[0003] The requirements for wooden dowels relate to the mechanical strength of the joined wooden parts, the mechanical strength of the dowels themselves, their simple and precise installation, the equipment for creating the necessary cavities for inserting the dowels into the wooden parts to be joined, and, last but not least, the price of the dowels. The optimal use of a particular dowel type is determined by the aforementioned requirements. The demands placed on wooden dowels are becoming increasingly diverse and are rising year by year, which explains the wide variety of shapes and dimensions of wooden dowels currently in use, as well as the trend toward new types of wooden dowels. Corresponding to the different dowel types, special machines and devices have also been developed to produce these dowels and to create the specific cavities required for installing the dowels in various wooden parts.

[0004] The following types of wooden dowels are currently in use: Smooth cylindrical or longitudinally grooved dowels, with various diameters and lengths, are made from thin wooden strips or square-section wooden rods. The cavities for inserting these dowels into wooden components are created using drills powered by hand drills. Flat dowels, in the form of oval discs, are commonly known as "Lamello" dowels. These dowels are stamped from long, 4 mm thin wooden strips and have a network of crossed grooves on both parallel sides. The cavities for inserting these dowels into wooden components are created using hand-held milling machines, with the cutting tool being a disc cutter 100 mm in diameter and 4 mm thick. The curvature and thickness of the oval dowels correspond to the dimensions of the disc cutter.This type of dowel and the milling machine used to create the corresponding cavities in the wooden parts to be joined were protected by a patent that has since expired. Flat dowels in the form of cuboid wooden discs of various lengths and thicknesses are known in practice as "domino" dowels due to their resemblance to dominoes. These dowels are cut from long, thin strips of wood and have a network of crossed grooves on their two parallel surfaces and longitudinal grooves on their two side faces. The corresponding cavities for inserting these dowels into semi-finished wooden products are produced using special patented hand-held milling machines that employ a transversely oscillating cylindrical drill bit as a cutting tool, the diameter of which corresponds to the thickness of the dowel used.The flat wooden dowels of the "Lamello" type have the disadvantage of potential longitudinal displacement during assembly and low stability when joining the wooden components, as well as the disadvantage of low mechanical strength due to their relatively shallow penetration depth into the wood. The still relatively high cost of the dowels is also considered a disadvantage. The flat wooden dowels of the "Domino" type have the disadvantage of low assembly productivity, the inability to use them for joints at angles of 45° and less, the high cost of the patented milling machine required to create the corresponding cavities, and the still relatively high cost of the dowels themselves.

[0005] The geometry of the round disc dowel was superior from the outset to the geometry and production costs of the two known and commonly used types of flat dowels. Nevertheless, round disc dowels have not yet gained market acceptance because the technique for producing perfectly semicircular cavities in the wooden parts to be joined is not possible using conventional milling with a disc cutter. This is because the diameter of the disc cutter's drive shaft does not allow for semicircular cavities with a radius corresponding to that of the disc dowel, simply because a disc cutter can only penetrate a wooden blank to the point where its drive shaft touches the outer wall.

[0006] The invention relates to a new disc-shaped wooden dowel type and to a hand-held milling machine for producing corresponding specific cavities in the wooden semi-finished products to be joined. This dowel type offers a number of advantages that justify its use.

[0007] The technical problem solved by the invention consists of describing a novel type of round-disc-shaped wooden dowel. A milling machine for producing the corresponding specific cavities into which the wooden semi-finished products to be joined are also described.

[0008] Wooden dowels in a round disc shape, in various diameters and thicknesses, are intended for gluing semi-finished wooden products that have semi-circular cavities whose diameter and thickness correspond to those of the dowels.

[0009] The disc-shaped wooden dowels have an arrow imprinted on their two parallel surfaces, resulting from plastic deformation. This arrow indicates the direction of the dowel's maximum mechanical bending resistance. Both surfaces also feature a network of shallow, intersecting grooves. These grooves serve to ensure a higher and more evenly distributed amount of glue.

[0010] To produce the semicircular cavities in various semi-finished wood products, high-speed hand-held milling machines driving cylindrical drill bits are used, the diameter of which corresponds to the height of the cavities and the thickness of the dowels. Besides its specific application for producing cavities for disc dowels, the milling machine according to the invention also has a universal character, since it can be used by simply exchanging the templates designed for producing semicircular cavities for disc dowels with templates for producing cavities for "Domino" type wooden dowels, with templates for producing cavities for "Lamello" type wooden dowels, and with templates for producing mounting holes for cylindrical dowels.

[0011] The practical application of the milling machine for creating corresponding cavities in the wooden semi-finished products to be joined involves pressing the machine towards the semi-finished product and moving its transversely movable part, in contact with a static steel template describing a semicircle, to the left and right. This process copies the geometry of the template and transfers it to the cylindrical drill bit, which creates the corresponding cavity by machining into the wooden semi-finished product. To produce cavities with the appropriate semicircular radius for different diameter disc dowels, interchangeable steel templates are used, which are easily and quickly mounted on a static, fixed frame of the milling machine. Cylindrical drill bits with the corresponding diameter are used for different thicknesses of disc dowels.

[0012] The following advantages result from the application of the invention:A new type of flat wooden dowel is described, exhibiting superior properties compared to currently used flat wooden dowels. The geometry of these dowels ensures both rapid insertion into semi-finished wood products and accurate centering of the joined wood components. Another advantage of these disc dowels is their perfect geometric symmetry, allowing for their insertion into wooden components using highly productive automated systems. The milling machine according to the invention enables the rapid and precise production of specific semicircular cavities in semi-finished wood products, which serve for the assembly of the disc-shaped wooden dowels.At the same time, the milling machine also has a universal character, since, through the use of specific templates, it enables not only the production of cavities for round dowels, but also the production of cavities for flat dowels of the "Lamello" type, the production of cavities for flat dowels of the "Domino" type, as well as the production of holes for classic cylindrical dowels.

[0013] The following is a description of the milling machine for producing specific, corresponding cavities, with reference to Fig.1 , Fig.2 , Fig.3 , Fig.4 , as shown below: Fig.1 - Disc-shaped wooden dowels, and attaching the templates to the milling machine. Fig.2 - Top view of the milling machine for semicircular cavities. Fig.3 - Side view of the milling machine for semicircular cavities. Fig.4- Various views of wooden dowels and templates of the "Lamello" type, the "Domino" type and for cylindrical wooden dowels.

[0014] Round disc dowel 1 They are produced from long, 5 mm thin hardwood lamellae by successive automatic punching and are used to manufacture permanent connections of semi-finished wood products. 2 Under high strength and high precision conditions. Wooden dowel discs are available in various diameters. D and different strengths S They are manufactured. The disc dowels are circular at the edge of the two parallel surfaces, with a chamfer. A, 1.0 mm x 45°, provided. There is an arrow on both surfaces. P, which indicates the direction of maximum mechanical bending strength, as well as a network of crossed grooves R which serve to ensure an increased and even distribution of the glue. The punching of the dowels from the long, thin hardwood lamellae, the chamfering of the edges, the embossing of the arrows, and the creation of the crossed grooves are all carried out in a single operation through plastic deformation. For the permanent joining of semi-finished wooden products, the disc dowels are inserted, after the application of glue, into milled semicircular cavities of the same height. H with the strength S the dowel and with the same diameter with the diameter D the dowel, inserted.

[0015] The following describes the construction of a milling machine for the production of the specific corresponding cavities for the semi-finished wooden products to be joined. 2, shown.

[0016] The milling machine consists of a moving part and a stationary part.

[0017] The moving part includes a high-speed electric motor. 3,which is a cylindrical face mill 4, It is driven at speeds between 15,000 and 30,000 rpm. This is for the reciprocating movement of the motor and the cutter to and from the wood workpiece being joined. 2 are two cylindrical telescopic rods 5 and 6, Equipped with internal pressure return springs, mounted. The upper body 7 A linear ball guide allows the motor to move left and right relative to the wooden workpiece. A copying arm is also attached to the motor housing. 8, with a radial bearing 9 It is mounted with a small diameter. The entire movable part is moved by hand by the operator along and against the wooden frame to create the semicircular cavity whose diameter corresponds to the diameter D of the disc dowel 1 and its height H, the strength S of the dowel.

[0018] The stationary part consists of a lower body 10 the linear ball guide, a metal frame 11 and a copy template 12, the one with a knurled screw 13 and two centering pins 14 and 15 on the metal frame 11, over the holes L 3 , L 1 , and L 2 , It is attached. The stationary part also contains a metallic position limiter. 16, to determine the height of the respective milling point on the wooden semi-finished product 2.

[0019] When creating the semicircular cavities, the stationary part is moved manually using a handle. 17 on the semi-finished wood product 2 pressed and the moving part by means of another handle 18moved in a left-right direction along the wooden semi-finished product and in a forward-backward direction against the wooden semi-finished product, with all directions of movement serving to create the semicircular cavities.

[0020] The machine, for producing specific cavities, according to the described round discs and wooden dowels 1, It also has the character of a universal milling machine, which can also be used to create specific cavities in semi-finished wood products. 2 They can be manufactured for dowel types other than round disc dowels. This is achieved by simply replacing the copy templates. 12 made of steel using various specific steel templates 19, 21 and 23, Cavities for all currently known and commonly used wooden dowels can be created as follows: The stencils 19 enable the creation of specific cavities of varying depths, which are suitable for connections with wooden dowels. 20are required for "Lamello" type stencils. 21 They enable the creation of specific cavities of varying depth, width, and height, which are suitable for connections with wooden dowels. 22 are required of the "Domino" type. The stencils 23 enable the production of specific holes of varying depths and diameters, suitable for connecting cylindrical wooden dowels 24 are required.

Claims

1. Invention "Wooden dowel, its production and milling machine for producing the corresponding cavities" comprising an electric motor, a face milling cutter and a linear bearing guide, characterized by the fact that the wooden dowels ( 1 ), have a round disc shape, are produced by automatic stamping, and are used for the glue joints of semi-finished wood products ( 2 ) can be used, a corresponding milling machine for producing semicircular Montaje cavities in the wooden semi-finished products to be joined with round disc dowels describes a milling machine which can also be used to produce specific cavities for all other types of wooden dowels known today.

2. Round disc-shaped wooden dowels according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that These are manufactured by automatic stamping from long and thin hardwood slats and come in different diameters depending on requirements. D and strengths S exhibit and that during the manufacture of these dowels, an arrow is formed by plastic deformation ( P ), a network of crossed grooves ( P ), as well as a chamfer ( A ) the edges of the two plane-parallel surfaces, with 1.0 mm x 45°, is imprinted.

3. Milling machine according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that to create the specific semicircular cavities for the installation of wooden disc dowels ( 1 ) in semi-finished wood products ( 2 ), a high-speed electric motor ( 3 ) with speeds between 15,000 rpm and 30,000 rpm, is used, with the motor having a copying arm attached to the housing ( 8 ) installed with a radial bearing ( 9 ) with a small diameter, the milling machine also includes a cylindrical face milling cutter ( 4 ), two spring-loaded telescopic rods ( 5 ) and ( 6 ), a linear ball guidance system consisting of a movable upper body ( 7) and an immobile lower body ( 10 ), the latter having a metal frame ( 11 ) is mounted on the one with a knurled screw ( 13 ) and two centering pins ( 14 ) and ( 15 ) the copy templates ( 12 ) is made of steel.

4. Milling machine for producing specific cavities for wooden dowel types other than round disc dowels according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that This milling machine is used not only for the production of specific cavities in semi-finished wooden products ( 2 ) according to the round wooden dowels ( 1 ), also for the production of specific cavities in semi-finished wood products ( 2 ) for all other known wooden dowel types, made possible by exchanging the templates ( 12 ) with other templates ( 19 ),( 21 ) and ( 23 ), corresponding to other dowel types, specific cavities are created for flat wooden dowels ( 20 ) of the "Lamello" type, for flat wooden dowels (22 ), of the "Domino" type and for cylindrical wooden dowels ( 24 ), generate.

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