Waveguide flange and electronic device

Abstract

This application provides a waveguide flange and an electronic device. The waveguide flange includes a main body, where the main body has a waveguide hole, a main groove, two blocks, and two first matching grooves, and the waveguide hole penetrates the main body in a first direction. The two blocks are symmetrically disposed in the main groove in a second direction, the waveguide hole is located between the two blocks, a side that is of the block and that faces the waveguide hole forms a matching surface, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction. Each of the two first matching grooves is provided on the matching surface in each block, and the first matching groove has an opening facing the waveguide hole. In the waveguide flange, a periodic structure is formed by using the main groove, the block, and the first matching groove, to control waveguide leakage. The waveguide flange has a simple structure and low overall molding difficulty. This reduces a manufacturing period and manufacturing costs of the waveguide flange.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] This application relates to the field of waveguide structures, and in particular, to a waveguide flange and an electronic device having the waveguide flange.BACKGROUND

[0002] When two waveguide devices are connected via a waveguide flange, a joint of the waveguide flange may have a gap due to an uneven contact surface. The gap at the joint causes electromagnetic wave leakage.

[0003] A current solution for limiting the electromagnetic wave leakage is employing an EBG (Electromagnetic Band Gap, electromagnetic band gap) structure. A plurality of cylinders are densely disposed on an end face of the waveguide flange, to form a periodic structure. Propagation of electromagnetic waves is limited by the periodic structure, to reduce leakage of the electromagnetic waves at the gap. For the EBG structure, when a design frequency is in a frequency band of the E band (an electromagnetic wave whose frequency range is 71-76 GHz and 81-86 GHz), a design size is small, and cylinders are densely designed. Consequently, production costs are high.SUMMARY

[0004] In view of this, it is necessary to provide a waveguide flange and an electronic device having the waveguide flange, to reduce production costs of the waveguide flange.

[0005] According to a first aspect of embodiments of this application, a waveguide flange is provided. The waveguide flange includes a main body, where the main body has a waveguide hole, the waveguide hole penetrates the main body in a first direction, and the main body further includes a main groove, two blocks, and two first matching grooves. On a projection surface perpendicular to the first direction, a projection of the waveguide hole is located in a projection of the main groove. The two blocks are symmetrically disposed in the main groove in a second direction, the waveguide hole is located between the two blocks, a side that is of the block and that faces the waveguide hole forms a matching surface, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction. Each of the two first matching grooves is provided on the matching surface in each block, and the first matching groove has an opening facing the waveguide hole.

[0006] The waveguide hole of the waveguide flange is used for electromagnetic wave propagation. On the projection surface perpendicular to the first direction, the projection of the waveguide hole is located in the projection of the main groove, so that an end of the waveguide hole is located in the main groove. After an electromagnetic wave is propagated to the main groove through the waveguide hole, the electromagnetic wave can be propagated in the main groove. Because the electromagnetic wave is repeatedly reflected between the two blocks, the electromagnetic wave is periodically propagated between the two blocks and the two first matching grooves. This helps improve a leakage prevention effect of the waveguide flange. In the waveguide flange, the electromagnetic wave can be periodically propagated based on cooperation between the main groove and the block. The waveguide flange has a simple structure and is easy to produce. In comparison with an EBG structure, production costs can be effectively reduced.

[0007] Based on the first aspect, in a possible implementation, there are two blocks, and the waveguide hole is located between the two blocks. There are two first matching grooves, and each of the two first matching grooves is provided on the matching surface in each block.

[0008] In the waveguide flange, an echo effect is improved and the leakage prevention effect of the waveguide flange is optimized by using the two blocks and the two first matching grooves.

[0009] Based on the first aspect, in a possible implementation, in the first direction, the matching surface is flush with an inner wall of the waveguide hole.

[0010] In the waveguide flange, the matching surface is flush with the inner wall of the waveguide hole. This facilitates product processing and molding.

[0011] Based on the first aspect, in a possible implementation, a gap groove is formed between an inner wall of the main groove and an outer sidewall that is of the block and that faces away from the waveguide hole.

[0012] In the waveguide flange, the electromagnetic wave is propagated through the gap groove to control an echo.

[0013] Based on the first aspect, in a possible implementation, the block is disposed on one side of the waveguide hole in the second direction, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction. For a design frequency, in the second direction, a size of the block is one quarter of a wavelength corresponding to the design frequency, and a size of the first matching groove is one-eighth of the wavelength corresponding to the design frequency.

[0014] In the waveguide flange, the design frequency is a frequency of the electromagnetic wave propagated in the waveguide flange when the waveguide flange is used. The size of the block is one quarter of the wavelength corresponding to the design frequency, and a size of the gap groove is one-eighth of the wavelength corresponding to the design frequency. A principle that the electromagnetic wave can be approximately converted into being open-circuited after the electromagnetic wave travels for approximately one quarter of the wavelength at a short-circuit end when passing through the groove is used, for choking a current.

[0015] Based on the first aspect, in a possible implementation, the main groove has a depth dimension in the first direction. For a design frequency, the depth dimension is one quarter of a wavelength corresponding to the design frequency.

[0016] In the waveguide flange, the design frequency is a frequency of the electromagnetic wave propagated in the waveguide flange when the waveguide flange is used. The depth dimension is one quarter of the wavelength corresponding to the design frequency. A principle that the electromagnetic wave can be approximately converted into being open-circuited after the electromagnetic wave travels for approximately one quarter of the wavelength at a short-circuit end when passing through the groove is used, for choking a current.

[0017] Based on the first aspect, in a possible implementation, in the first direction, a bottom wall of the first matching groove is flush with a bottom wall of the main groove.

[0018] In the waveguide flange, the bottom wall of the first matching groove is flush with the bottom wall of the main groove. This facilitates the product processing and molding, and the production costs are reduced.

[0019] Based on the first aspect, in a possible implementation, the block is disposed on one side of the waveguide hole in the second direction, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction. In a third direction, no block is disposed between an inner wall of the main groove and the waveguide hole, and the third direction is perpendicular to the second direction and the first direction.

[0020] In the waveguide flange, the main groove in the third direction forms a symmetric structure, so that the electromagnetic wave is periodically propagated, to limit leakage of the electromagnetic wave. The waveguide flange reduces production difficulty of a product and saves the production costs. In addition, the block and the first matching groove in the second direction are fully used for guiding the electromagnetic wave for periodic propagation.

[0021] Based on the first aspect, in a possible implementation, for a design frequency, in the third direction, a distance from the block to the inner wall of the main groove is one quarter of a wavelength corresponding to the design frequency.

[0022] In the waveguide flange, the design frequency is a frequency of the electromagnetic wave propagated in the waveguide flange when the waveguide flange is used. A principle that the electromagnetic wave can be approximately converted into being open-circuited after the electromagnetic wave travels for approximately one quarter of the wavelength at a short-circuit end when passing through the groove is used, for choking a current.

[0023] Based on the first aspect, in a possible implementation, the main body further has a second matching groove, and the second matching groove is provided on a side on which the main groove is provided and that is of the main body. The block is disposed on one side of the waveguide hole in the second direction, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction. In the second direction, the second matching groove and the main groove are provided at an interval. For a design frequency, in the second direction, a size of the second matching groove is one quarter of a wavelength corresponding to the design frequency.

[0024] In this implementation, the second matching groove may further enhance a waveguide choke effect of the waveguide flange.

[0025] Based on the first aspect, in a possible implementation, in the first direction, the size of the second matching groove is equal to a size of the main groove.

[0026] In the waveguide flange, the second matching groove and the main groove can be clamped by using a same jig and processed and molded by using a same cutting tool. This facilitates processing and reducing the costs.

[0027] Based on the first aspect, in a possible implementation, in a cross section perpendicular to the first direction, the block is square, and the first matching groove is semicircular.

[0028] In the waveguide flange, both the block and the first matching groove have low processing difficulty, and occupy small space of the main groove, so that a size of the entire waveguide flange can be reduced.

[0029] According to a second aspect of this application, an electronic device is provided. The electronic device includes a first waveguide device, a second waveguide device, and a waveguide connection structure. The first waveguide device and the second waveguide device are connected via the waveguide connection structure in a waveguide connection manner. The waveguide connection structure includes the waveguide flange according to any implementation of the first aspect.

[0030] The electronic device can be connected to the first waveguide device and the second waveguide device by using the waveguide flange, and electromagnetic wave leakage can be reduced by using the waveguide flange between the first waveguide device and the second waveguide device.

[0031] Based on the second aspect, in a possible implementation, the waveguide connection structure further includes a waveguide coupling member. The waveguide coupling member is connected to the waveguide flange, to guide an electromagnetic wave between the waveguide coupling member and the waveguide flange. In a first direction, the waveguide coupling member and the waveguide flange are disposed at an interval.

[0032] In the electronic device, the waveguide coupling member is connected to the waveguide flange in a non-contact manner. This can reduce connection difficulty. Even if the waveguide coupling member is connected to the waveguide flange in the non-contact manner, effect of electromagnetic wave leakage prevention may be improved by providing a main groove and a first matching groove, and disposing a block.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0033] FIG. 1 is a diagram of a structure of an electronic device according to an implementation of this application; FIG. 2 is a diagram of a structure of a waveguide flange from an angle according to an implementation of this application; FIG. 3 is a diagram of a structure of a waveguide flange from another angle according to an implementation of this application; FIG. 4 is a curve diagram of a return loss when the waveguide flange shown in FIG. 3 is coupled to a waveguide coupling member; FIG. 5 is a diagram of a structure of a waveguide flange on which no first matching groove is provided; FIG. 6 is a curve diagram of a return loss when the waveguide flange shown in FIG. 5 is coupled to a waveguide coupling member; FIG. 7 is a diagram of a structure of a waveguide flange from an angle according to an implementation of this application; FIG. 8 is a diagram of a structure of a waveguide flange from another angle according to an implementation of this application; FIG. 9 is a curve diagram of a return loss when the waveguide flange shown in FIG. 8 is coupled to a waveguide coupling member; FIG. 10 is a diagram of a structure of a waveguide flange on which no first matching groove is provided; and FIG. 11 is a curve diagram of a return loss when the waveguide flange shown in FIG. 10 is coupled to a waveguide coupling member. DESCRIPTION OF REFERENCE NUMERALS OF MAIN COMPONENTS

[0034] Electronic device001Waveguide connection structure010Waveguide flange011, 011', and 011"Waveguide coupling member013First waveguide device030Second waveguide device050Main body100, 100', and 100"Main groove110, 110', and 110"Gap groove111Waveguide hole120, 120', and 120"Block130, 130', and 130"Matching surface131First matching groove150Second matching groove170 and 170"Interval barrier wall190First directionXSecond directionYThird directionZ

[0035] In the following specific implementations, this application is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

[0036] The following describes the technical solutions in embodiments of this application with reference to the accompanying drawings in embodiments of this application. It is clear that the described embodiments are merely a part rather than all of embodiments of this application.

[0037] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this specification have same meanings as those usually understood by a person skilled in the art of this application. Terms used in this specification of this application are merely intended to describe specific embodiments, but are not intended to limit this application.

[0038] The terms such as "first" and "second" mentioned below are merely intended for a purpose of description, and shall not be understood as an indication or implication of relative importance or implicit indication of the quantity of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature limited by "first", "second", or the like may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the descriptions of this application, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of' means two or more than two. Orientation terms such as "up", "down", "left", and "right" are defined relative to an orientation of schematic placement of components in the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these directional terms are relative concepts and are used for relative description and clarification. These directional terms may vary accordingly depending on an orientation in which the components are placed in the accompanying drawings.

[0039] In this application, unless otherwise specified and limited, the term "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, the "connection" may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, an integration, a direct connection, or an indirect connection by using an intermediate medium. The term "and / or" used in this specification includes any and all combinations of one or more related listed items.

[0040] When the following embodiments are described in detail with reference to diagrams, for ease of description, a diagram indicating a partial structure of a component is partially enlarged not based on a general scale. In addition, the diagrams are merely examples, and should not limit the protection scope of this application herein.

[0041] FIG. 1 is a diagram of a structure of an electronic device 001 according to an implementation of this application.

[0042] As shown in FIG. 1, the electronic device 001 includes a first waveguide device 030, a second waveguide device 050, and a waveguide connection structure 010. The first waveguide device 030 and the second waveguide device 050 are connected via the waveguide connection structure 010 in a waveguide connection manner.

[0043] Optionally, the electronic device 001 may be a mobile terminal, the first waveguide device 030 is a radiating element, and the second waveguide device 050 is a demultiplexing unit. The waveguide connection structure 010 includes a waveguide flange 011 and a waveguide coupling member 013. An electromagnetic wave is guided between the first waveguide device 030 and the second waveguide device 050 through coupling between the waveguide flange 011 and the waveguide coupling member 013.

[0044] A joint between the waveguide flange 011 and the waveguide coupling member 013 is a node location at which electromagnetic wave leakage easily occurs. The electromagnetic wave leakage can be reduced by improving a structure of the waveguide flange 011.

[0045] A structure of the waveguide flange and a structure of the waveguide coupling member 013 may be completely the same, or may not completely the same. The electromagnetic wave leakage can be reduced by improving either the structure of the waveguide flange 011 or the structure of the waveguide coupling member 013.

[0046] FIG. 2 is a diagram of a structure of a waveguide flange 011 from an angle according to an implementation of this application. FIG. 3 is a diagram of a structure of a waveguide flange 011 from another angle according to an implementation of this application. FIG. 4 is a curve diagram of a return loss when the waveguide flange 011 shown in FIG. 3 is coupled to a waveguide coupling member 013.

[0047] As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the waveguide flange 011 includes a main body 100. A waveguide hole 120 is provided on the main body 100, and the waveguide hole 120 penetrates the main body 100 in a first direction X. The waveguide flange 011 has a design frequency F. An electromagnetic wave with a wavelength λ corresponding to the design frequency F may be propagated in the waveguide hole 120.

[0048] The main body 100 further has a main groove 110. The main groove 110 is located on an end surface of the main body 100, and is provided around the waveguide hole 120. On a projection surface perpendicular to the first direction X, a projection of the waveguide hole 120 is located in a projection of the main groove 110.

[0049] The electromagnetic wave propagated through the waveguide hole 120 enters the main groove 110 from an end of the waveguide hole 120, and is propagated in the main groove 110. The main groove 110 has a depth dimension in the first direction X. The depth dimension of the main groove 110 is approximately one quarter of λ. A principle that the electromagnetic wave can be approximately converted into being open-circuited after the electromagnetic wave travels for approximately one quarter of the wavelength at a short-circuit end when passing through the groove is used, for choking a current.

[0050] The main body 100 further has two blocks 130. The block 130 is disposed on a side of the main body 100 on which the main groove 110 is provided, and the block 130 is located in the main groove 110. In a second direction Y, the two blocks 130 are disposed on two sides of the waveguide hole 120. The second direction Y is perpendicular to the first direction X.

[0051] Optionally, the block extends in a third direction Z, so that a size of the block in the third direction Z is greater than a size of the block in the second direction Y. The size of the block in the second direction Y is approximately one quarter of λ. The block is approximately square. A corner of the block may be set as a round corner.

[0052] The main body 100 further has first matching grooves 150. A side that is of the block 130 and that faces the waveguide hole 120 is a matching surface 131. The first matching groove 150 is provided on the matching surface 131. In a cross section perpendicular to the first direction X, a cross section of the first matching groove 150 is approximately semicircular. An opening is formed at a diameter of the semicircle, and the opening faces the waveguide hole 120. A radius of the semicircular first matching groove 150 is approximately one-eighth of λ. The first matching groove 150 has a first bottom wall perpendicular to the first direction X, and the main groove 110 has a second bottom wall perpendicular to the first direction X. The first bottom wall is flush with the second bottom wall. This facilitates processing and manufacturing of the waveguide flange 011. When the first bottom wall and the second bottom wall are processed through milling, the first bottom wall and the second bottom wall may be obtained through milling by using a same cutting tool under clamping of a same jig.

[0053] In the first direction X, the matching surface 131 is flush with an inner wall of the waveguide hole 120. The matching surface 131 and the inner wall of the waveguide hole 120 are coherent in the first direction X. This facilitates molding of the block 130 and the waveguide hole 120. When the waveguide flange 011 is manufactured, a blank may be processed through milling at one time to form the matching surface 131 and the inner wall of the waveguide hole 120.

[0054] The main groove 110, the two symmetric blocks 130, and two symmetric first matching grooves 150 forms a symmetric structure. When the electromagnetic wave enters the main groove 110 from the waveguide hole 120, the electromagnetic wave is propagated, through reflection, between the two symmetric blocks 130, and the two symmetric blocks 130 and the two symmetric first matching grooves 150 form the symmetric structure, so that the electromagnetic wave is periodically propagated. In this way, leakage of the electromagnetic wave from a periphery of the main body 100 is limited. In comparison with an EBG structure, the structure of the waveguide flange 011 is simplified, so that the waveguide flange 011 is easy to manufacture and manufacturing costs are reduced. In comparison with another waveguide flange in which choke grooves are provided at intervals only around a periphery of a waveguide hole, the waveguide flange 011 can limit leakage of an electromagnetic wave that is in a wider range.

[0055] It may be understood that, in the cross section perpendicular to the first direction X, the cross section of the first matching groove 150 may alternatively be in another shape. For example, the shape of the first matching groove 150 is a square shape, a trapezoidal shape, or another shape. The opening of the first matching groove 150 faces the waveguide hole 120, so that an echo can be improved, thereby improving a choke effect of the waveguide flange 011 on the electromagnetic wave in the second direction Y.

[0056] It may be understood that the block 130 may alternatively include a plurality of sub-blocks, and the plurality of sub-blocks are disposed at intervals in the second direction Y. The first matching groove 150 may be provided on any one or more sub-blocks.

[0057] A shape of the waveguide hole 120 is symmetric along a virtual plane perpendicular to the second direction Y. A shape of the baffle plate is symmetric with respect to the virtual plane. The shape of the first matching groove 150 is also symmetric with respect to the virtual plane.

[0058] In the third direction Z, no block 130 is disposed between the waveguide hole 120 and an inner wall of the main groove 110. After entering the main groove 110 from the waveguide hole 120, the electromagnetic wave is propagated to the inner wall of the main groove 110 in the third direction Z. In the third direction Z, a distance from the waveguide hole 120 to the inner wall of the main groove 110 is approximately one quarter of λ. The principle that the electromagnetic wave can be approximately converted into being open-circuited after the electromagnetic wave travels for approximately one quarter of the wavelength at the short-circuit end when passing through the groove is also applied herein, for choking the current.

[0059] It may be understood that, in the cross section perpendicular to the first direction X, when a cross section of the waveguide hole 120 is approximately square, a cross section of the main groove 110 is also approximately square for matching the shape of the waveguide hole 120. Effect of electromagnetic wave choke can also be achieved by setting a shape of the cross section of the main groove 110 to a circle shape, an elliptical shape, or another shape. When a shape of the main groove 110 matches that of the waveguide hole 120, effect is good.

[0060] In the second direction Y, a gap groove 111 is further formed between the inner wall of the main groove 110 and an outer sidewall that is of the block 130 and that faces away from the waveguide hole 120. In the second direction Y, a size of the gap groove 111 is approximately one-eighth of λ. The first matching groove 150, the block 130, and the gap groove 111 are sequentially provided in the second direction Y, so that the echo can be improved. A return loss of the waveguide flange 011 is reduced based on cooperation of the first matching groove 150, the block 130, and the gap groove 111.

[0061] When the waveguide flange 011 is coupled to a plate-shaped waveguide coupling member 013, an S parameter at each frequency is simulated, and a simulation result is obtained, as shown in FIG. 4. The waveguide flange 011 and a waveguide coupling member are disposed at an interval in the first direction X. There is a gap of 0.5 mm between the waveguide flange 011 and the waveguide coupling member 013. It may be understood that the waveguide flange 011 may alternatively be coupled to another waveguide flange 011 having a structure that is the same as that of the waveguide flange 011. The two waveguide flanges 011 having the same structure both can limit electromagnetic wave leakage, so that effect of electromagnetic wave leakage prevention is improved.

[0062] FIG. 5 is a diagram of a structure of a waveguide flange 011' on which no first matching groove 150 is provided. FIG. 6 is a curve diagram of a return loss when the waveguide flange 011' shown in FIG. 5 is coupled to a waveguide coupling member 013.

[0063] As shown in FIG. 5, the waveguide flange 011' includes a main body 100'. The main body 100' has a waveguide hole 120' penetrating the main body 100'. A main groove 110' is provided on a periphery of the waveguide hole 120'. Two blocks 130' are symmetrically disposed in the main groove 110'. A difference between the structure of the waveguide flange 011' and that of the waveguide flange 011 shown in FIG. 3 lies only in that no first matching groove 150 is provided on the block 130'.

[0064] When the waveguide flange 011' is coupled to a plate-shaped waveguide coupling member 013, an S parameter at each frequency is simulated, and a simulation result is obtained, as shown in FIG. 6. The waveguide flange 011' and the waveguide coupling member 013 are disposed at an interval in a first direction X. There is a gap of 0.5 mm between the waveguide flange 011' and the waveguide coupling member 013. No groove is provided on the plate-shaped waveguide coupling member 013, and only a waveguide through hole is provided on the plate, so that an electromagnetic wave is propagated to the waveguide through hole through the waveguide flange 011', and then is transferred to a waveguide device connected to the waveguide coupling member 013 through the waveguide through hole.

[0065] It can be learned by comparing FIG. 4 and FIG. 6 that, in an operating range from 73.5 GHz to 83.5 GHz, when the waveguide flange 011' on which no first matching groove 150 is provided is coupled to the plate-shaped waveguide coupling member 013, a return loss is between -15.52 dB and -22.41 dB. However, when the waveguide flange 011 on which the first matching groove 150 is provided is coupled to the plate-shaped waveguide coupling member 013, a return loss is between -17.22 dB and -41.56 dB. Effect of controlling the return loss of the waveguide flange 011 on which the first matching groove 150 is provided is significantly better than that of the waveguide flange 011' on which no first matching groove 150 is provided.

[0066] FIG. 7 is a diagram of a structure of a waveguide flange 011 from an angle according to an implementation of this application. FIG. 8 is a diagram of a structure of a waveguide flange 011 from another angle according to an implementation of this application. FIG. 9 is a curve diagram of a return loss when the waveguide flange 011 shown in FIG. 8 is coupled to a waveguide coupling member 013.

[0067] Refer to FIG. 7 and FIG. 8. The waveguide flange 011 includes a main body 100. A waveguide hole 120 is provided on the main body 100, and the waveguide hole 120 penetrates the main body 100 in a first direction X. The waveguide flange 011 has a design frequency F. An electromagnetic wave with a wavelength λ corresponding to the design frequency F may be propagated in the waveguide hole 120.

[0068] The main body 100 further has a main groove 110. The main groove 110 is located on an end surface of the main body 100, and is provided around the waveguide hole 120. On a projection surface perpendicular to the first direction X, a projection of the waveguide hole 120 is located in a projection of the main groove 110.

[0069] The electromagnetic wave propagated through the waveguide hole 120 enters the main groove 110 from an end of the waveguide hole 120, and is propagated in the main groove 110. The main groove 110 has a depth in the first direction X. The depth of the main groove 110 is approximately one quarter of λ. A principle that the electromagnetic wave can be approximately converted into being open-circuited after the electromagnetic wave travels for approximately one quarter of the wavelength at a short-circuit end when passing through the groove is used, for choking a current.

[0070] The main body 100 further has blocks 130. The block 130 is disposed on a side of the main body 100 on which the main groove 110 is provided, and the block 130 is located in the main groove 110. Optionally, in a second direction Y, the two blocks 130 are disposed on two sides of the waveguide hole 120. The second direction Y is perpendicular to the first direction X.

[0071] Optionally, a baffle plate extends in a third direction Z, so that a size of the baffle plate in the third direction Z is greater than a size of the baffle plate in the second direction Y. The size of the baffle plate in the second direction Y is approximately one quarter of λ. The baffle plate is approximately square. A corner of the baffle plate may be set as a round corner.

[0072] The main body 100 further has first matching grooves 150. A side that is of the block 130 and that faces the waveguide hole 120 is a matching surface 131. The first matching groove 150 is provided on the matching surface 131. In a cross section perpendicular to the first direction X, a cross section of the first matching groove 150 is approximately semicircular. An opening is formed at a diameter of the semicircle, and the opening faces the waveguide hole 120. A radius of the semicircular first matching groove 150 is approximately one-eighth of λ. The first matching groove 150 has a first bottom wall perpendicular to the first direction X, and the main groove 110 has a second bottom wall perpendicular to the first direction X. The first bottom wall is flush with the second bottom wall. This facilitates processing and manufacturing of the waveguide flange 011. When the first bottom wall and the second bottom wall are processed through milling, the first bottom wall and the second bottom wall may be obtained through milling by using a same cutting tool under clamping of a same jig.

[0073] In the first direction X, the matching surface 131 is flush with an inner wall of the waveguide hole 120. The matching surface 131 and the inner wall of the waveguide hole 120 are coherent in the first direction X. This facilitates molding of the block 130 and the waveguide hole 120. When the waveguide flange 011 is manufactured, a blank may be processed through milling at one time to form the matching surface 131 and the inner wall of the waveguide hole 120.

[0074] It may be understood that, in the cross section perpendicular to the first direction X, the cross section of the first matching groove 150 may alternatively be in another shape. For example, the shape of the first matching groove 150 is a square shape, a trapezoidal shape, or another shape. The opening of the first matching groove 150 faces the waveguide hole 120, so that an echo can be improved, thereby improving a choke effect of the waveguide flange 011 on the electromagnetic wave in the second direction Y.

[0075] A shape of the waveguide hole 120 is symmetric along a virtual plane perpendicular to the second direction Y. A shape of the baffle plate is symmetric with respect to the virtual plane. The shape of the first matching groove 150 is also symmetric with respect to the virtual plane.

[0076] In the third direction Z, no block 130 is disposed between the waveguide hole 120 and an inner wall of the main groove 110. After entering the main groove 110 from the waveguide hole 120, the electromagnetic wave is propagated to the inner wall of the main groove 110 in the third direction Z. In the third direction Z, a distance from the waveguide hole 120 to the inner wall of the main groove 110 is approximately one quarter of λ. The principle that the electromagnetic wave can be approximately converted into being open-circuited after the electromagnetic wave travels for approximately one quarter of the wavelength at the short-circuit end when passing through the groove is also applied herein, for choking the current.

[0077] It may be understood that, in the cross section perpendicular to the first direction X, when a cross section of the waveguide hole 120 is approximately square, a cross section of the main groove 110 is also approximately square for matching the shape of the waveguide hole 120. Effect of electromagnetic wave choke can also be achieved by setting a shape of the cross section of the main groove 110 to a circle shape, an elliptical shape, or another shape. When a shape of the main groove 110 matches that of the waveguide hole 120, effect is good.

[0078] In the second direction Y, a gap groove 111 is further formed between the inner wall of the main groove 110 and an outer sidewall that is of the block 130 and that faces away from the waveguide hole 120. In the second direction Y, a size of the gap groove 111 is approximately one-eighth of λ. The first matching groove 150, the block 130, and the gap groove 111 are sequentially provided in the second direction Y, so that the echo can be improved. A return loss of the waveguide flange 011 is reduced based on cooperation of the first matching groove 150, the block 130, and the gap groove 111.

[0079] The main body 100 of the waveguide flange 011 further has a second matching groove 170. The second matching groove 170 is provided on a side of the main body 100 on which the main groove 110 is provided. In the second direction Y, the second matching groove 170 and the main groove 110 are provided at an interval, and an interval barrier wall 190 is formed between the second matching groove 170 and the main groove 110.

[0080] In the second direction Y, a size of the interval barrier wall 190 is approximately one-eighth of λ. In the second direction Y, a size of the second matching groove 170 is approximately one quarter of λ. The second matching groove 170 may improve the echo to reduce the return loss of the waveguide flange 011.

[0081] When the waveguide flange 011 is coupled to a plate-shaped waveguide coupling member 013, an S parameter at each frequency is simulated, and a simulation result is obtained, as shown in FIG. 9. The waveguide flange 011 and the waveguide coupling member 013 are disposed at an interval in the first direction X. There is a gap of 0.5 mm between the waveguide flange 011 and the waveguide coupling member 013.

[0082] It can be learned by comparing FIG. 4 and FIG. 9 that, in an operating range from 73.5 GHz to 83.5 GHz, when the waveguide flange 011 on which no second matching groove 170 is provided is coupled to the plate-shaped waveguide coupling member 013, a return loss is between -17.22 dB and -41.56 dB. However, when the waveguide flange 011 on which the second matching groove 170 is provided is coupled to the plate-shaped waveguide coupling member 013, a return loss is between -19.02 dB and -37.23 dB. Effect of controlling the return loss of the waveguide flange 011 on which the second matching groove 170 is provided is slightly better than that of the waveguide flange 011 on which no second matching groove 170 is provided in a low frequency band.

[0083] FIG. 10 is a diagram of a structure of a waveguide flange 011" on which no first matching groove 150 is provided. FIG. 11 is a curve diagram of a return loss when the waveguide flange 011" shown in FIG. 10 is coupled to a waveguide coupling member 013.

[0084] As shown in FIG. 10, the waveguide flange 011" includes a main body 100". The main body 100" has a waveguide hole 120" penetrating the main body 100". A main groove 110" is provided on a periphery of the waveguide hole 120". Two blocks 130" are symmetrically disposed in the main groove 110". A second matching groove 170" is further provided outside the main groove 110". A difference between the structure of the waveguide flange 011'' and that of the waveguide flange 011 shown in FIG. 8 lies only in that no first matching groove 150 is provided on the block 130".

[0085] When the waveguide flange 011" is coupled to a plate-shaped waveguide coupling member 013, an S parameter at each frequency is simulated, and a simulation result is obtained, as shown in FIG. 11. The waveguide flange 011" and the waveguide coupling member 013 are disposed at an interval in a first direction X. There is a gap of 0.5 mm between the waveguide flange 011" and the waveguide coupling member 013.

[0086] It can be learned by comparing FIG. 9 and FIG. 11 that, in an operating range from 73.5 GHz to 83.5 GHz, when the waveguide flange 011" on which no first matching groove 150 is provided is coupled to the plate-shaped waveguide coupling member 013, a return loss is between -16.08 dB and -22.70 dB. However, when the waveguide flange 011 on which the first matching groove 150 is provided is coupled to the plate-shaped waveguide coupling member 013, a return loss is between -19.02 dB and -37.23 dB. Effect of controlling the return loss of the waveguide flange 011 on which the first matching groove 150 is provided is significantly better than that of the waveguide flange 011" on which no first matching groove 150 is provided.

[0087] A preparation procedure of the waveguide flange 011 shown in FIG. 7 may be: preparing a blank with a flat surface; clamping the blank on a jig, to expose a machining surface of the blank; milling the machining surface to form the main groove 110, and retaining a bump in the middle of the main groove 110; milling the bump to form the waveguide hole 120 penetrating the blank; when the waveguide hole 120 is formed through milling, forming the block 130 by using a part that is of the bump and that is not milled; and milling the block 130 to form the first matching groove 150. The second matching groove 170 may be separately formed through milling after milling for the first matching groove 150, or may be formed through milling when the main groove 110 is formed through milling.

[0088] The preparation procedure of the entire waveguide flange 011 is simple, and there is no need to adjust the jig frequently. In the waveguide flange 011, an electromagnetic wave can be periodically propagated based on cooperation between the main groove 110 and the block 130. The waveguide flange 011 has a simple structure and is easy to produce. In comparison with an EBG structure, production costs can be effectively reduced. The waveguide flange 011 has low overall molding difficulty. This reduces a manufacturing period and manufacturing costs of the waveguide flange 011. The waveguide flange 011 causes, based on cooperation between the main groove 110 and the two symmetric first matching grooves 150, the electromagnetic wave to be periodically propagated, so that a leakage prevention effect of the waveguide flange 011 can be improved.

[0089] When being used, the waveguide flange 011 may be coupled to a waveguide coupling member 013 having a structure different from that of the waveguide flange 011, or may be coupled to a waveguide coupling member 013 formed by using another waveguide flange 011 having a structure that is completely the same as that of the waveguide flange 011. The waveguide flange 011 causes the electromagnetic wave to be propagated periodically, to limit leakage of the electromagnetic wave. Even if there is a gap between the waveguide flange 011 and the waveguide coupling member 013, effect of limiting leakage of the electromagnetic wave can be achieved. The waveguide flange 011 and the waveguide coupling member 013 may be connected in a non-contact manner.

[0090] The foregoing descriptions are merely specific implementations of this application, but are not intended to limit the protection scope of this application. Any variation or replacement within the technical scope disclosed in this application shall fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A waveguide flange, comprising a main body, wherein the main body has a waveguide hole, the waveguide hole penetrates the main body in a first direction, and the main body further comprises: a main groove, wherein on a projection surface perpendicular to the first direction, a projection of the waveguide hole is located in a projection of the main groove; two blocks, wherein the two blocks are symmetrically disposed in the main groove in a second direction, the waveguide hole is located between the two blocks, a side that is of the block and that faces the waveguide hole forms a matching surface, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction; and two first matching grooves, wherein each of the two first matching grooves is provided on the matching surface in each block, and the first matching groove has an opening facing the waveguide hole.

2. The waveguide flange according to claim 1, wherein in the first direction, the matching surface is flush with an inner wall of the waveguide hole.

3. The waveguide flange according to claim 1, wherein a gap groove is formed between an inner wall of the main groove and an outer sidewall that is of the block and that faces away from the waveguide hole.

4. The waveguide flange according to claim 1, wherein for a design frequency, in the second direction, a size of the block is one quarter of a wavelength corresponding to the design frequency, and a size of the first matching groove is one-eighth of the wavelength corresponding to the design frequency.

5. The waveguide flange according to claim 1, wherein the main groove has a depth dimension in the first direction; and for a design frequency, the depth dimension is one quarter of a wavelength corresponding to the design frequency.

6. The waveguide flange according to claim 1, wherein in the first direction, a bottom wall of the first matching groove is flush with a bottom wall of the main groove.

7. The waveguide flange according to claim 1, wherein in a third direction, no block is disposed between the waveguide hole and an inner wall of the main groove, and the third direction is perpendicular to the second direction and the first direction.

8. The waveguide flange according to claim 7, wherein for a design frequency, in the third direction, a distance from the block to the inner wall of the main groove is one quarter of a wavelength corresponding to the design frequency.

9. The waveguide flange according to claim 1, wherein the main body further has a second matching groove, and the second matching groove is provided on a side on which the main groove is provided and that is of the main body; in the second direction, the second matching groove and the main groove are provided at an interval; and for a design frequency, in the second direction, a size of the second matching groove is one quarter of a wavelength corresponding to the design frequency.

10. The waveguide flange according to claim 9, wherein in the first direction, the size of the second matching groove is equal to a size of the main groove.

11. The waveguide flange according to claim 1, wherein in a cross section perpendicular to the first direction, the block is square, and the first matching groove is semicircular.

12. An electronic device, comprising a first waveguide device, a second waveguide device, and a waveguide connection structure, wherein the first waveguide device and the second waveguide device are connected via the waveguide connection structure in a waveguide connection manner; and the waveguide connection structure comprises the waveguide flange according to any one of claims 1 to 11.

13. The electronic device according to claim 12, wherein the waveguide connection structure further comprises a waveguide coupling member; the waveguide coupling member is connected to the waveguide flange, to guide an electromagnetic wave between the waveguide coupling member and the waveguide flange; and in a first direction, the waveguide coupling member and the waveguide flange are disposed at an interval.

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