Civil protection shelter

Abstract

A civil defence protective structure comprising a building (body) (1), walls (4) and a roof (2). The roof (2) has a hemispherical cross-section, the edges of which have a flat section (3) designed to join with the flat edges of the rectangular walls (4). The structure has partitions (10), in the upper part of which there are through holes (11) with a crossbar (12) in the lower part, which divide the partition (10) into an inner part (13) and an outer part (14) relative to the entire structure. All structural elements are made of prefabricated reinforced concrete elements and are connected to each other to form a single room with an entrance.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to construction, namely to civil defence structures, and more specifically to shelters and storage facilities that protect against the effects of explosions (blast waves, striking elements), shrapnel, earthquakes and natural disasters.Background of the invention.

[0002] A container-type fortification structure for command and medical posts is known, consisting of a main building, auxiliary rooms and an entrance. The building is made of three types of solid frame-panel container modules connected to each other into a single sealed shelter using extension-type wedge-shaped devices and clamp bolts with sealing coupling devices fixed along the contour of contact of the side walls, while inside the rooms there are quickrelease plugs (panels) and protective sealed doors, internal equipment elements and life support systems with special docking connectors (Patent RU No. 61323, published on 27 February 2007, Bulletin No. 6).

[0003] However, the design is complex and labour-intensive to assemble owing to the numerous wall, floor, and ceiling panels, and it exhibits reduced structural reliability because of the excessive number of connecting elements.Disclosure of the invention

[0004] The invention aims to provide a simple, reliable modular protective shelter that is cost-effective to construct, quick to assemble, and expands the range and types of available shelters.

[0005] This technical problem is solved in a civil defence protective structure comprising a building (body) and walls. According to the invention, the body includes a roof of hemispherical cross-section, the edges of which are formed with flat sections for joining to the flat edges of rectangular walls. The upper ends of the building (body) are configured as flat segments with door openings and flat edge sections for connection to the rectangular end portions of the walls. The structure further comprises partitions provided with through-holes in their upper parts and bridges in their lower parts, dividing each partition into an inner portion and an outer portion relative to the structure. The inner portion above the entrance and exit corresponds in shape to the inner contour of the roof, while the outer portion forms a support acting as a buttress. The partitions inside the building (body) are arranged perpendicular to the walls, and at the entrance and exit in a staggered order. The end sections of the walls are additionally reinforced with buttresses along the edges. All structural elements are made of reinforced concrete and are interconnected to form a single enclosed space with an entrance.

[0006] The reinforced concrete structural elements of the invention provide increased strength and reliability of the structure and improve its protective performance for those seeking shelter from blast effects, air shock waves, and conventional weapons. Internal partitions, configured in the form of a labyrinth, further enhance protective functions by dissipating and neutralising shock waves. Buttresses additionally contribute to the overall strength and structural reliability.

[0007] The combination of essential features of the proposed technical solution reduces the time required for constructing protective structures, as the structural elements are supplied in complete ready-to-operate form.

[0008] The proposed structure design is quite compact, quick to assemble, and convenient to operate.

[0009] Below is a description of a specific example of the implementation of this invention with references to the attached drawings.Brief description of the drawings.

[0010] Fig. 1 schematically illustrates a general view of the protective shelter. Fig. 2 illustrates the structural elements of the protective shelter. Fig. 3 schematically illustrates the interior of the product.

[0011] The civil defence protective structure comprises a building (body) 1 (Fig. 1) and a roof 2 of hemispherical cross-section. The edges of the roof 2 are provided with flat section 3 for joining with the flat edges of rectangular walls 4. Each wall 4 includes at least three through rectangular vertical openings 5 (Fig. 2) in its lower portion. The front and rear parts of the building (body) 1 are formed as flat segments 6 (Fig. 1) with door openings 7. These segments are provided with flat edge sections 8 for connection to the rectangular end sections 9 of the walls 4. The structure further comprises partitions 10 (Fig. 2), each having through holes 11 with a crossbar 12 in the upper portion. The partitions 10 are divided into an inner part 13 and an outer part 14. The inner part 13 above the entrance and exit corresponds to the inner surface of the roof 2, while the outer part 14 of the partition 10 forms a support acting as a buttress. The edges of the end sections 9 of the walls 4 are reinforced with buttresses 15. Each end section of the building (body) 1 additionally comprises a flat section 16 serving as a support surface for the roof 2. The walls 4 are mounted in partitions 10 (Fig. 2). The partitions 10 are arranged perpendicular to the walls 4, and at the entrance and exit are offset along the walls 4 in a staggered arrangement, thereby forming a labyrinth-like entrance and exit. The interior equipment includes, for example, benches and tables (not shown). All structural elements are made of reinforced concrete and are interconnected to form a single enclosed space with two entrances.

[0012] The civil defence protective structure is used as follows.

[0013] At the installation site, a platform is prepared corresponding to the future floor structure. Composite elements are then mounted on the prepared platform. Walls 4 with openings 5 are installed in the openings 11 of partitions 10, after which the roof 2 is placed on the walls 4 and joined to the flat sections 8 and end sections 9. All elements are interconnected by embedded parts welded together to form a single structure. The length of the protective structure can be varied when necessary. The structure may be recessed relative to the ground surface. Alternatively, it may be installed directly on the ground surface, as the thickness and strength of the structural elements eliminate the need for soil covering. The external surface may be provided with a waterproof and decorative coating. Entrances and exits are located on opposite sides of the building (body) 1.

[0014] Thus, the described protective structure enables rapid installation and provides high protective efficiency and safety.Industrial applicability

[0015] The proposed design of the protective structure ensures increased survivability and effective protection of the population. The shelter may be employed both for individual use and for collective use by civilians and military personnel. An advantage of the structure is its suitability for installation in densely built-up urban areas.

Claims

1. A civil defence protective structure comprising a building (body) (1) and walls (4), characterised in that the building (body) (1) comprises a roof (2) having a hemispherical cross-section, the edges of which have a flat section (3) designed to join with the flat edges of rectangular walls (4), the upper part of the ends of the body is made in the form of flat segments (6) with openings (7) for doors and has flat sections (8) at the edges for joining with the rectangular end section (9) of the walls (4). The structure has partitions (10), in the upper part of which there are through holes (11) with a crossbar (12) in the lower part, which divide the partition (10) into an inner part (13) and an outer part (14) relative to the entire structure, wherein the inner part (13) of the partition (10) in the upper part at the entrance and exit has the shape of the inner part of the roof (2), and the outer part (14) forms a support acting as a buttress, wherein the partitions (10) are installed in the body perpendicular to the walls (4), and at the entrance and exit - in a staggered order. In addition, the edges of the end sections (9) of the walls (4) have buttresses (15), all structural elements are made of reinforced concrete and are connected to each other to form a single room with an entrance.

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