Heating system and method for controlling and / or regulating a heating system

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for controlling and / or regulating a heating system (1000), wherein in bivalent operation a first heat generator (200) is operated continuously and a second heat generator (300) is operated at least intermittently as required. For operating the first heat generator (200), at least one temperature (28, 62) of a heat transfer fluid upstream of a fluid coupling device (270) between a first subsystem (210) of the first heat generator (200) and a second subsystem (310) of the second heat generator (300) is used as a control variable, and for operating the second heat generator (300), at least one temperature (21, 54) of the heat transfer fluid downstream of the fluid coupling device (270) is used as a control variable. Alternatively, in monovalent operation, only the first heat generator (200) is operated.To operate the first heat generator (200), at least one of the flow temperatures (21) of the heating system (1000) and / or a temperature (62) of a first buffer storage tank (600) and / or a temperature (72) of a second buffer storage tank (700) is used as a control variable. The invention also relates to a heating system (1000) for carrying out the method.

Description

State of the art

[0001] The invention relates to a heating system and a method for controlling and / or regulating a heating system.

[0002] Heating systems with multiple heat generators are well-known. For example, a bivalent mixer can be used to integrate a peak load boiler with a mixing valve boost, in order to regulate the flow temperature via the mixer.

[0003] For example, German patent DE 102021211129 A1 describes a hybrid heating system for providing domestic hot water and space heating, comprising a heat pump and a heating unit with a heat cell, wherein a domestic hot water storage tank can be tempered by the heat pump and / or the heat cell using a heat transfer medium, in particular water. The heat pump is coupled to a heating circuit by means of a hydraulic separator, wherein the heat pump and the heat cell are each connected in parallel to the domestic hot water storage tank.

[0004] Furthermore, EP 2159495 B1 discloses a heating system comprising a first and a second heat source, the first heat source having a greater heat output than the second heat source. The heating system further comprises a fluid that can be heated by the first and second heat sources and transported to and from a load by a pump; a return temperature sensor designed to monitor the return temperature of the fluid flowing back to the second heat source; an inlet temperature sensor designed to monitor the inlet temperature of the fluid leaving the first heat source; a controller having as its input the output of the return and inlet temperature sensors; and outputs coupled to the first and second heat sources.

[0005] The controller is designed to generate a first output signal to block the first heat source when the inlet temperature exceeds a preset inlet temperature limit, and to generate a second output signal to block the second heat source when the return temperature exceeds a preset return temperature limit. The preset inlet temperature has a first value when both the first and second heat sources are enabled, and a second value when only the first heat source is enabled, with the second value being higher than the first value.

[0006] EP 3073200 B1 describes a heating system comprising a primary heat generator, a heating circuit, and an auxiliary heat generator, the auxiliary heat generator being coupled to the heating circuit via a hydraulic separator. A temperature sensor is located in and / or on the hydraulic separator. The hydraulic separator has an integrated heat exchanger, which is hydraulically connected to the hydraulic separator via an opening on the integrated heat exchanger. Disclosure of the invention

[0007] One object of the invention is to provide a method for controlling and / or regulating an efficient heating system.

[0008] Another objective of the invention is to create an efficient heating system.

[0009] The problems are solved by the features of the independent claims. Favorable embodiments and advantages of the invention become apparent from the further claims, the description, and the drawings.

[0010] The features listed individually in the patent claims can be combined in a technologically meaningful way and can be supplemented by explanatory facts from the description and by details from the figures, showing further embodiment variants of the invention.

[0011] According to one aspect of the invention, a method for controlling and / or regulating a heating system is proposed, wherein in a bivalent operation a first heat generator is operated continuously and a second heat generator is operated at least intermittently as required, wherein at least one temperature of a heat transfer fluid upstream of a fluid coupling device between a first subsystem of the first heat generator and a second subsystem of the second heat generator is used as a control variable for operating the first heat generator, and at least one temperature of the heat transfer fluid downstream of the fluid coupling device is used as a control variable for operating the second heat generator.Alternatively, in monovalent operation only the first heat generator is operated, whereby at least one of the flow temperature of the heating system and / or a temperature of a first buffer storage tank, in particular a heating buffer storage tank, and / or a temperature of a second buffer storage tank, in particular a domestic hot water storage tank or drinking water storage tank, is used as a control variable for operating the first heat generator.

[0012] The proposed method advantageously allows the heating system with at least two heat generators to be operated in such a way that the output range of the first heat generator is fully utilized, and the second heat generator is only activated as a peak load heat generator when needed. This effectively avoids the cycling of both heat generators.

[0013] If the first heat generator is, for example, a heat pump, its capacity can be fully utilized through the cascaded control concept. The second heat generator, a peak load boiler, is then only activated when there is actual heat demand. This eliminates the need for the peak load boiler to maintain a temperature above the heat pump's setpoint temperature. Furthermore, no temperature sensors are required at any hydraulic separator that may be used. Disturbance feedback to the hydraulic separator can be conveniently implemented using existing sensors.

[0014] The disturbance variable feedforward can be determined from the deviation between the flow temperature and the boiler temperature. The boiler setpoint temperature is changed by the disturbance variable feedforward. The disturbance variable feedforward is calculated from the magnitude of the deviation from the boiler temperature and applied to the boiler setpoint. If the actual flow temperature is lower than the actual boiler temperature, the boiler setpoint is increased.

[0015] With the peak load boiler of the second heat generator, for example a gas boiler with a very good and fast modulating output, the required flow temperature can be set precisely. The heat pump can be utilized to its maximum capacity. Cycling of both heat generators can be advantageously reduced.

[0016] With a favorable implementation of the method, in bivalent operation, the temperature of the heat transfer fluid in the first and / or second buffer storage tank can be used as a control variable with a configurable overshoot to operate the first heat generator, and vice versa. This allows the full capacity of the first heat generator to be utilized.

[0017] In a favorable embodiment of the method, if the second heat generator is coupled to the first subsystem via a hydraulic separator, the temperature downstream of the fluid coupling device can be used for disturbance feedforward control of the second heat generator. In this way, the disturbance feedforward can be implemented using the existing sensors.

[0018] With a favorable implementation of the method, the activation or deactivation of the second heat generator can be determined based on the feedforward of disturbance variables. In this way, the heating system can be controlled and / or regulated particularly efficiently.

[0019] According to a favorable embodiment of the method, if the heating system is operated in bivalent mode and a target temperature value downstream of the fluid coupling device has at least been reached, the heating system can be switched to monovalent mode.

[0020] If the heating system is operating in monovalent mode and a target temperature downstream of the fluid coupling device is not reached, the heating system can be switched to bivalent mode. This allows for variable switching between bivalent and monovalent operation depending on the heat demand.

[0021] According to a favorable embodiment of the method, if the heating system is operating in bivalent mode and a target temperature of the first buffer tank and / or a target temperature of the second buffer tank is at least reached, the heating system can be switched to monovalent mode. If the heating system is operating in monovalent mode and a target temperature of the first buffer tank and / or a target temperature of the second buffer tank is not at least reached, the heating system can be switched to bivalent mode. In this way, switching between bivalent and monovalent modes is possible depending on the heat demand.

[0022] With a favorable embodiment of the method, in monovalent operation, the temperature of the first buffer storage tank and / or the temperature of the second buffer storage tank, with a configurable overshoot, can be used as the control variable to operate the first heat generator. This advantageously allows a desired target temperature to be achieved in the buffer storage tanks.

[0023] According to a further aspect of the invention, a heating system is proposed, comprising at least a first heat generator with a first heat exchanger and a first subsystem in which the first heat exchanger is arranged for supplying at least one consumer with heat via a heat transfer fluid, a second heat generator with a second heat exchanger and a second subsystem in which the second heat exchanger is arranged, a fluid coupling device between the two subsystems downstream of the first heat exchanger in the first subsystem, comprising a branch from the first subsystem at which heat transfer fluid can be coupled into a supply line to the second heat exchanger in the second subsystem and an inlet with which heat transfer fluid from a discharge of the second heat exchanger in the second subsystem downstream of the branch can be coupled into the first subsystem.

[0024] Advantageously, the proposed heating system with at least two heat generators can be operated in such a way that the output range of the first heat generator is fully utilized and the second heat generator is only switched on as needed to cover peak loads. This effectively avoids short cycling of both heat generators.

[0025] If the first heat generator is, for example, a heat pump, its capacity can be fully utilized through a cascaded control system. The second heat generator, a peak load boiler, then only activates when there is actual heat demand. This eliminates the need for the peak load boiler to operate at a temperature above the heat pump's setpoint. Furthermore, temperature sensors are not required at any hydraulic separator that may be used. Disturbance feedback for the hydraulic separator can be conveniently implemented using existing sensors.

[0026] The peak load boiler of the second heat generator, for example a gas boiler with a very good and fast modulating output, can precisely set the required flow temperature. The heat pump can be utilized to its maximum capacity. Cycling of both heat generators can be advantageously reduced.

[0027] With a favorable design of the heating system, the connection point can be formed by a first 3 / 2-way valve. This allows either the heat transfer fluid from the first or the second heat generator to be coupled into the first subsystem. The first 3 / 2-way valve has two inlets and one outlet. It can be designed as a switching valve, where either one inlet or the other is connected to the outlet, or it can be designed as a mixing valve, where one or the other, or both inlets proportionally, can be connected to the outlet simultaneously.

[0028] With a favorable design of the heating system, a hydraulic separator can be arranged in the second subsystem between the supply and discharge lines of the second heat exchanger. This allows for an advantageous coupling of the second subsystem to the first subsystem.

[0029] With a favorable design of the heating system, a pump can be installed in the supply line to the second heat exchanger in the second subsystem. This allows the second heat generator to be operated particularly efficiently.

[0030] With a favorable design of the heating system, a temperature sensor can be arranged in the discharge of the second heat exchanger to detect the outlet temperature of the second heat generator.

[0031] Alternatively or additionally, a temperature sensor for measuring the outlet temperature of the first heat generator and a temperature sensor for measuring the flow temperature of the first subsystem can be installed in the downstream section of the first heat exchanger. This allows for particularly efficient control and / or regulation of the heating system.

[0032] With a favorable design of the heating system, the fluid coupling device can be arranged in a branch of the first heat exchanger. This allows heat transfer fluid from the second heat generator to be introduced directly into the first subsystem.

[0033] With a favorable design of the heating system, the temperature sensor for measuring the outlet temperature of the first heat generator can be located upstream of the branch in the discharge of the first heat exchanger, and the temperature sensor for measuring the flow temperature of the first subsystem can be located downstream of the inlet. This allows for particularly efficient control and / or regulation of the heating system.

[0034] With a favorable design of the heating system, a fluid circuit with a heat sink can be connected fluidically between the first and second subsystems, and the fluid coupling device can be arranged in a supply line to the heat sink within the fluid circuit. This allows the heat sink to be additionally supplied by the second heat generator when needed.

[0035] With a favorable design of the heating system, the discharge from the first heat exchanger can be connected to a first buffer storage tank, in particular a heating buffer storage tank. Specifically, the supply line to the first heat exchanger can branch off from the first buffer storage tank. This advantageously allows the first buffer storage tank to be integrated into the operation of the first subsystem.

[0036] With a well-designed heating system, the fluid circuit, including its supply and return lines, can be connected to the first buffer storage tank. This allows the fluid circuit with its heat sink to be easily integrated into the control and / or regulation of the heating system.

[0037] In a well-designed heating system, a second buffer storage tank, particularly a domestic hot water storage tank, can be arranged between the first and second subsystems. Specifically, the supply line to the second heat exchanger can be connected to the second buffer storage tank, and a branch line can extend from the outlet of the second heat exchanger to the second buffer storage tank. The supply and outlet lines can be connected within the second buffer storage tank. The branch connection can be formed by a 3 / 2-way valve. The second buffer storage tank can thus be conveniently integrated into the control and / or regulation of the heating system.

[0038] With a favorable design of the heating system, the supply line to the first heat exchanger can be connected to the second buffer tank, and a branch line can diverge from the outlet of the first heat exchanger at a junction and lead to the second buffer tank. In particular, the supply and outlet lines can be connected within the second buffer tank. Specifically, the junction can be formed by a 3 / 2-way valve. The second buffer tank can thus be advantageously supplied by both the first and the second subsystem.

[0039] With a favorable design of the heating system, if the connection is formed by the first 3 / 2-way valve and the second subsystem has the pump in the supply line to the second heat exchanger, the second subsystem can be configured with a hydraulic separator between the supply line and the outlet of the second heat exchanger. The proposed method can be implemented particularly efficiently with such a heating system.

[0040] According to a favorable design of the heating system, if the inlet does not have a first 3 / 2-way valve and the discharge of the first heat generator is interrupted between the first branch from the first subsystem and the inlet of the fluid coupling device, the second subsystem can be designed without the hydraulic separator between the supply line and the discharge of the second heat exchanger.

[0041] With such a heating system, the proposed method can be implemented particularly efficiently. Advantageously, in this case, the heat transfer fluid always flows through the second heat generator in the second subsystem. The pump in the second subsystem can also be omitted.

[0042] With a favorable design of the heating system, if the second subsystem is implemented without a pump in the supply line to the second heat exchanger and without a hydraulic separator between the supply and discharge lines of the second heat exchanger, the connection can be formed by the first 3 / 2-way valve. The proposed method can be implemented particularly efficiently with such a heating system.

[0043] With a favorable design of the heating system, if the inlet does not have a first 3 / 2-way valve, the second subsystem can include the hydraulic separator between the supply and outlet of the second heat exchanger and the pump in the supply line to the second heat exchanger. The proposed method can be implemented particularly efficiently with such a heating system. drawing

[0044] Further advantages become apparent from the following description of the drawings. The drawings illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention. The drawings, the description, and the claims contain numerous features in combination. A person skilled in the art will expediently consider the features individually and combine them into meaningful further combinations.

[0045] They show, for example: Fig. 1 a heating system with a first heat generator and a second heat generator according to an embodiment of the invention; and Fig. 2 a heating system with a first heat generator and a second heat generator as well as a heat sink and two buffer storage tanks according to a further embodiment of the invention. Embodiments of the invention

[0046] In the figures, similar or equivalent components are numbered with the same reference symbols. The figures merely show examples and are not to be understood as limiting.

[0047] Before the invention is described in detail, it should be noted that it is not limited to the respective components of the device or the respective process steps, as these components and processes may vary. The terms used here are intended solely to describe particular embodiments and are not used restrictively. Furthermore, where the singular or indefinite articles are used in the description or in the claims, this also refers to the plural of these elements, unless the overall context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0048] The directional terminology used below, including terms like "left," "right," "above," "below," "in front," "behind," "after," and the like, serves only to improve the understanding of the figures and is in no way intended to limit their generality. The components and elements depicted, their interpretation, and their use may vary according to the considerations of a person skilled in the art and be adapted to the specific applications.

[0049] Figure 1 Figure 1 shows a heating system 1000 with a first heat generator 200 and a second heat generator 300 according to an embodiment of the invention.

[0050] The heating system 1000 comprises the first heat generator 200 with a first heat exchanger 220 and a first subsystem 210 in which the first heat exchanger 220 is arranged, for supplying at least one consumer 800 with heat via a heat transfer fluid. The first heat generator 200 can, for example, be a heat pump, which is coupled to an external refrigeration circuit 100 via the first heat exchanger 220. In the supply line 222 of the first subsystem 210 to the first heat exchanger 220, a first heat exchanger temperature sensor 122 for detecting the return temperature 22 of the first subsystem 210 is arranged between a pump 240 and the first heat exchanger 220.

[0051] Furthermore, the heating system 1000 comprises the second heat generator 300 with a second heat exchanger 320 and a second subsystem 310 in which the second heat exchanger 320 is located. The second heat generator 300 can, for example, be a gas boiler.

[0052] A fluid coupling device 270 is arranged between the two subsystems 210 and 310 downstream of the first heat exchanger 220 in the first subsystem 210. The fluid coupling device 270 comprises a branch 250 from the first subsystem 210, at which heat transfer fluid can be coupled into a supply line 322 to the second heat exchanger 320 in the second subsystem 310, and an inlet 264, with which heat transfer fluid from a line 324 of the second heat exchanger 320 in the second subsystem 310 downstream of the branch 250 can be coupled into the first subsystem 210. A conduit section 228 is formed between the branch 250 and the inlet 264 of the fluid coupling device 270.

[0053] The fluid coupling device 270 can be arranged in a branch 224 of the first heat exchanger 220, as shown.

[0054] The inlet 264 can optionally be formed by a first 3 / 2-way valve 260. As mentioned above, the 3 / 2-way valve can be designed as a switching valve or as a mixing valve.

[0055] Furthermore, in the second subsystem 310, a hydraulic separator 400 can optionally be arranged between the supply line 322 and the outlet 324 of the second heat exchanger 320.

[0056] Furthermore, in the second subsystem 310 a pump 340 can be arranged in the supply line 322 to the second heat exchanger 320.

[0057] In one embodiment, if the inlet 264 is formed by a first 3 / 2-way valve 260 and the pump 340 is installed, a hydraulic separator 400 may also be installed.

[0058] In another embodiment, if there is no first 3 / 2-way valve 260, the hydraulic separator 400 can also be omitted.

[0059] In another embodiment, if the pump 340 is not present, the hydraulic separator 400 can also be omitted, but a first 3 / 2-way valve 260 can be present instead.

[0060] In another embodiment, if the inlet 264 does not have a first 3 / 2-way valve 260, the second subsystem 310 may have the hydraulic separator 400 between the supply line 322 and the outlet 324 of the second heat exchanger 320 and the pump 340 in the supply line 322 to the second heat exchanger 320.

[0061] In another embodiment, the inlet 264 may not have a first 3 / 2-way valve 260, and the second subsystem 310 may not have a hydraulic separator 400 between the supply line 322 and the outlet 324 of the second heat exchanger 320, nor a pump 340 in the supply line 322 to the second heat exchanger 320. In this case, the outlet 224 of the first heat exchanger 220 is interrupted, with the pipe section 228 between branch 250 and inlet 264 being missing. The heat transfer fluid then always flows through the second heat exchanger 320 of the second heat generator 300.

[0062] As in Figure 1 As shown, a first outlet temperature sensor 138 for detecting an outlet temperature 38 of the second heat generator 300 can advantageously be arranged in the derivative 324 of the second heat exchanger 320.

[0063] Furthermore, a second outlet temperature sensor 128 for detecting an outlet temperature 28 of the first heat generator 200 and a temperature sensor 121 for detecting a flow temperature 21 of the first subsystem 210 can be arranged in the derivative 224 of the first heat exchanger 220.

[0064] The second outlet temperature sensor 128 for detecting the outlet temperature 28 of the first heat generator 200 is located in the branch 224 of the first heat exchanger 220 upstream of the branch 250 and the temperature sensor 121 for detecting the flow temperature 21 of the first subsystem 210 is located downstream of the inlet 264.

[0065] In monovalent operation, only the first heat generator 200 is operated. The flow temperature 21 of the heating system 1000 is used as a control variable to operate the first heat generator 200.

[0066] In a bivalent operation, the first heat generator 200 is operated continuously and the second heat generator 300 is operated at least temporarily as needed.

[0067] In bivalent operation, the first heat generator 200 regulates the temperature before the heat transfer fluid enters the second heat generator 300. This allows the full capacity of the first heat generator 200 to be utilized.

[0068] In order to operate the first heat generator 200, at least the outlet temperature 28 (temperature 62 of the buffer storage tank 600) is required. Figure 2 ) of the heat transfer fluid upstream of the fluid coupling device 270 between the first subsystem 210 of the first heat generator 200 and the second subsystem 310 of the second heat generator 300 is used as a control variable.

[0069] The second heat generator 300 regulates the desired flow temperature 21 (or buffer / storage temperature 62, 72) in bivalent operation. Figure 2) of the heating system 1000. This allows the peak load boiler of the second heat generator 300 to provide the exact amount of heat required by the heating system 1000.

[0070] To operate the second heat generator 300, at least the flow temperature must be 21 (or 21.54 in Figure 2 ) of the heat transfer fluid downstream of the fluid coupling device 270 is used as a control variable.

[0071] If the second heat generator 300 is coupled to the first subsystem 210 via a hydraulic separator 400, the temperature 21 (or 21, 54 in) can be advantageously set. Figure 2 ) downstream of the fluid coupling device 270 for disturbance feedforward control of the second heat generator 300. The flow temperature 21 then fulfills the function of a temperature sensor in the hydraulic separator 400 for disturbance feedforward control at the second heat generator 300.

[0072] The disturbance variable feedforward is derived from the deviation of the flow temperature 21 (or 21.54 in Figure 2 ) determined for boiler temperature 38. The boiler setpoint temperature is changed by the disturbance variable feedforward. From the magnitude of the deviation of the flow temperature 21 (or 21.54 in Figure 2 At a boiler temperature of 38°C, the disturbance variable feedforward is calculated and applied to the boiler setpoint. If the actual flow temperature is below the actual boiler temperature, the boiler setpoint is increased.

[0073] If the heating system 1000 is operated in bivalent mode and a target value of the flow temperature is 21 (or 21.54 in Figure 2 ) downstream of the fluid coupling device 270, the heating system 1000 can be switched to monovalent operation.

[0074] If the heating system 1000 is operated in monovalent mode and a target value of the flow temperature is 21 (or 21.54 in Figure 2If the required flow rate is not at least reached downstream of the fluid coupling device 270, the heating system 1000 can be switched to bivalent operation.

[0075] Figure 2 Figure 1 shows a heating system 1000 with a first heat generator 200 and a second heat generator 300 as well as a heat sink 500 and two buffer storage tanks 600, 700 according to a further embodiment of the invention.

[0076] Both heat generators, 200 and 300, are hydraulically connected to a first buffer tank, 600, and a second buffer tank, 700. The second heat generator, 300, is connected to the top of the second buffer tank, 700, and the first heat generator, 200, is connected to the bottom of the first buffer tank, 600. Each buffer tank, 600 and 700, has only one temperature sensor, 162, located in the upper section of the 600 and one temperature sensor, 172, located in the upper section of the 172.

[0077] The heating system 1000, like the one in Figure 1 The heating system 1000 shown comprises the first heat generator 200 and the second heat generator 300. However, a fluid circuit 510 with the heat sink 500 is fluidically connected between the first and the second subsystem 210, 310, and the fluid coupling device 270 is arranged in a supply line 522 to the heat sink 500 in the fluid circuit 510. The heat sink 500 corresponds to the one shown in the embodiment in Figure 1 existing consumers 800.

[0078] In the supply line 522 to the heat sink 500 a heat sink temperature sensor 154 is arranged, which detects the flow temperature 54 of the flow to the heat sink 500.

[0079] The line 224 of the first heat exchanger 220 is connected to the first buffer storage tank 600, in particular a heating buffer storage tank. The supply line 222 to the first heat exchanger 220 runs from the first buffer storage tank 600.

[0080] The fluid circuit 510 is connected to the first buffer storage tank 600 via its supply line 522 and its outlet 524.

[0081] The second buffer storage tank 700, in particular a domestic hot water storage tank or a drinking water storage tank, is arranged between the first and the second subsystem 210, 310.

[0082] The supply line 322 to the second heat exchanger 320 is connected to the second buffer tank 700, and a branch line 326 branches off from the outlet 324 of the second heat exchanger 320 at a junction 364 and leads to the second buffer tank 700. Supply line 322 and outlet 324 are connected within the second buffer tank 700. The junction 364 is formed by a 3 / 2-way valve 362.

[0083] The supply line 222 to the first heat exchanger 220 is also connected to the second buffer tank 700, and a branch line 226 diverges from the outlet 224 of the first heat exchanger 220 at a branch 266 and leads to the second buffer tank 700. Supply line 222 and outlet 224 are connected in the second buffer tank 700. Branch 266 is formed by a 3 / 2-way valve 262. The heat transfer fluid can be directed via the 3 / 2-way valve 262 either through the continuation of outlet 224 into the first buffer tank 600 or through branch line 226 into the second buffer tank 700.

[0084] In monovalent operation, only the first heat generator 200 is operated. To operate the first heat generator 200, at least one of the flow temperature 21 of the heating system 1000 and / or the temperature 62 of the buffer storage tank 600, in particular the heating buffer storage tank, and / or the temperature 72 of the second buffer storage tank 700, in particular the domestic hot water storage tank, is used as a control variable.

[0085] In monovalent operation, the temperature 62 of the first buffer storage tank 600, and / or the temperature 72 of the second buffer storage tank 700, can be used as a control variable with a parameterizable overshoot to operate the first heat generator 200, in order to reach the target temperature in the buffer storage tank 600, 700.

[0086] In a bivalent operation, the first heat generator 200 is operated continuously and the second heat generator 300 is operated at least temporarily as needed.

[0087] To operate the first heat generator 200, at least the outlet temperature 28, 62 of the heat transfer fluid upstream of the fluid coupling device 270 between the first subsystem 210 of the first heat generator 200 and the second subsystem 310 of the second heat generator 300 is used as a control variable. To operate the second heat generator 300, at least the flow temperature 21, 54 of the heat transfer fluid downstream of the fluid coupling device 270 is used as a control variable.

[0088] In bivalent operation, the outlet temperature 28 of the heat transfer fluid in the first and / or second buffer storage tank 600, 700 can be used as a control variable with a configurable overshoot to operate the first heat generator 200, in order to reach the target temperature in the buffer storage tank 600, 700. This allows the full capacity of the first heat generator 200 to be utilized.

[0089] To operate the second heat generator 300, the outlet temperature 28 of the heat transfer fluid in the first and / or second buffer storage tanks 600, 700 can be used as a control variable. This allows the heat required by the peak load boiler of the second heat generator 300 from the heating system 1000 to be supplied precisely.

[0090] If the heating system 1000 is operated in bivalent mode and a target temperature of 62 for the first buffer storage tank 600 and / or a target temperature of 72 for the second buffer storage tank 700 has at least been reached, the heating system 1000 can be switched to monovalent mode.

[0091] If the heating system 1000 is operated in monovalent mode and a target temperature of 62 for the first buffer storage tank 600 and / or a target temperature of 72 for the second buffer storage tank 700 is not at least reached, the heating system 1000 can be switched to bivalent mode. Reference sign

[0092] 21 Flow temperature first subsystem 22 Return temperature first subsystem 28 Outlet temperature of first heat generator 38 Outlet temperature of second heat generator 54 Consumer flow temperature 62 Temperature of first buffer tank 72 Temperature of second buffer tank 100 Refrigeration circuit 121 Flow temperature sensor 122 Temperature sensor 128 Second outlet temperature sensor 138 First outlet temperature sensor 154 Consumer flow temperature sensor 162 Buffer tank temperature sensor 172 Temperature sensor 200 First heat generator 210 First subsystem 220 First heat exchanger 222 Supply line first heat exchanger 224 Discharge line first heat exchanger 226 Branch line 228 Branch line between 250 and 264 240 Pump first subsystem 250 Branch from first subsystem 260 First 3 / 2-way valve 262 Second 3 / 2-way valve 264 Junction 266 Branch 270 Fluid coupling device 300 Second heat generator 310 Second subsystem 320 Second heat exchanger 322 Supply line secondHeat exchanger 324, discharge to second heat exchanger 326, piping 340, pump second subsystem 362, third 3 / 2-way valve 364, branch 400, hydraulic separator 500, heat sink 510, fluid circuit 522, supply line heat sink 524, discharge heat sink 600, first buffer tank 700, second buffer tank 800, consumer 1000, heating system

Claims

1. Method for controlling and / or regulating a heating system (1000), i) wherein in bivalent operation a first heat generator (200) is operated continuously and a second heat generator (300) is operated at least intermittently as required, wherein at least one temperature (28, 62) of a heat transfer fluid upstream of a fluid coupling device (270) between a first subsystem (210) of the first heat generator (200) and a second subsystem (310) of the second heat generator (300) is used as a control variable for operating the first heat generator (200), and at least one temperature (21, 54) of the heat transfer fluid downstream of the fluid coupling device (270) is used as a control variable for operating the second heat generator (300), or ii) wherein in monovalent operation only the first heat generator (200) is operated,wherein at least one of the flow temperature (21) of the heating system (1000) and / or a temperature (62) of a first buffer storage tank (600), in particular a heating buffer storage tank, and / or a temperature (72) of a second buffer storage tank (700), in particular a domestic hot water storage tank or drinking water storage tank, is used as a control variable for operating the first heat generator (200).

2. Method according to claim 1, wherein in bivalent operation the temperature (28) of the heat transfer fluid in the first and / or second buffer storage tank (600, 700) is used as a control variable with a parameterizable overshoot for operating the first heat generator (200) and the temperature (28) of the heat transfer fluid in the first and / or second buffer storage tank (600, 700) is used as a control variable for operating the second heat generator (300).

3. Method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, when the second heat generator (300) is coupled to the first subsystem (210) via a hydraulic separator (400), the temperature (21, 54) downstream of the fluid coupling device (270) is used for disturbance feedforward control of the second heat generator (300).

4. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein, if the heating system (1000) is operated in bivalent mode and a target temperature value (21, 54) downstream of the fluid coupling device (270) is at least reached, the heating system (1000) is switched to monovalent mode; if the heating system (1000) is operated in monovalent mode and a target temperature value (21, 54) downstream of the fluid coupling device (270) is not at least reached, the heating system (1000) is switched to bivalent mode.

5. A method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein, if the heating system (1000) is operated in bivalent mode and a target temperature (62) of the first buffer storage tank (600) and / or a target temperature (72) of the second buffer storage tank (700) is at least reached, the heating system (1000) is switched to monovalent mode; if the heating system (1000) is operated in monovalent mode and a target temperature (62) of the first buffer storage tank (600) and / or a target temperature (72) of the second buffer storage tank (700) is not at least reached, the heating system (1000) is switched to bivalent mode.

6. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein in monovalent operation the temperature (62) of the first buffer storage tank (600), and / or the temperature (72) of the second buffer storage tank (700) is used with a parameterizable boost as a control variable for operating the first heat generator (200).

7. Heating system (1000) for carrying out a method according to one of the preceding claims, comprising at least a first heat generator (200) with a first heat exchanger (220) and a first subsystem (210) in which the first heat exchanger (220) is arranged for supplying at least one consumer (500, 800) with heat via a heat transfer fluid, a second heat generator (300) with a second heat exchanger (320) and a second subsystem (310) in which the second heat exchanger (320) is arranged, a fluid coupling device (270) between the two subsystems (210, 310) downstream of the first heat exchanger (220) in the first subsystem (210), comprising a branch (250) from the first subsystem (210) at which heat transfer fluid flows into a supply line (322) to the second heat exchanger (320) in the second subsystem (310) can be coupled in and has a junction (264),with the heat transfer fluid from a branch (324) of the second heat exchanger (320) in the second subsystem (310) downstream of the branch (250) into the first subsystem (210).

8. Heating system (1000) according to claim 7, wherein the inlet (264) is formed by a first 3 / 2-way valve (260).

9. Heating system (1000) according to claim 7 or 8, wherein in the second subsystem (310) a hydraulic separator (400) is arranged between the supply line (322) and the outlet (324) of the second heat exchanger (320).

10. Heating system (1000) according to one of claims 7 to 9, wherein in the second subsystem (310) a pump (340) is arranged in the supply line (322) to the second heat exchanger (320).

11. Heating system (1000) according to one of claims 7 to 10, wherein a first outlet temperature sensor (138) for detecting an outlet temperature (38) of the second heat generator (300) is arranged in the downpipe (324) of the second heat exchanger (320), and / or wherein a second outlet temperature sensor (128) for detecting an outlet temperature (28) of the first heat generator (200) and a flow temperature sensor (121) for detecting a flow temperature (21) of the first subsystem (210) are arranged in the downpipe (224) of the first heat exchanger (220).

12. Heating system (1000) according to one of claims 7 to 11, wherein the fluid coupling device (270) is arranged in a downstream (224) of the first heat exchanger (220).

13. Heating system (1000) according to claim 11 or 12, wherein the second outlet temperature sensor (128) for detecting the outlet temperature (28) of the first heat generator (200) is arranged in the downstream (224) of the first heat exchanger (220) upstream of the branch (250) and the flow temperature sensor (121) for detecting the flow temperature (21) of the first subsystem (210) downstream of the inlet (264).

14. Heating system (1000) according to one of claims 7 to 13, wherein a fluid circuit (510) with a heat sink (500) is fluidically connected between the first and the second subsystem (210, 310) and the fluid coupling device (270) is arranged in the fluid circuit (510) in a supply line (522) to the heat sink (500).

15. Heating system (1000) according to claim 14, wherein the discharge (224) of the first heat exchanger (220) is connected to a first buffer storage tank (600), in particular a heating buffer storage tank, in particular wherein the supply line (222) to the first heat exchanger (220) leads from the first buffer storage tank (600).

16. Heating system (1000) according to claim 14 or 15, wherein the fluid circuit (510) is connected to the first buffer storage tank (600) with its supply line (522) and with its discharge line (524).

17. Heating system (1000) according to one of claims 7 to 16, wherein a second buffer storage tank (700), in particular a domestic hot water storage tank or a drinking water storage tank, is arranged between the first and the second subsystem (210, 310), in particular wherein the supply line (322) to the second heat exchanger (320) is connected to the second buffer storage tank (700) and a line branch (326) branches off from the outlet (324) of the second heat exchanger (320) at a branch (364) and leads to the second buffer storage tank (700), in particular wherein the supply line (322) and outlet (324) are connected in the second buffer storage tank (700), in particular wherein the branch (364) is formed by a 3 / 2-way valve (362).

18. Heating system (1000) according to claim 17, wherein the supply line (222) to the first heat exchanger (220) is connected to the second buffer storage tank (700) and a line branch (226) branches off from the outlet (224) of the first heat exchanger (220) at a branch (266) and leads to the second buffer storage tank (700), in particular wherein the supply line (222) and outlet (224) are connected in the second buffer storage tank (700), in particular wherein the branch (266) is formed by a 3 / 2-way valve (262).

19. Heating system (1000) according to one of claims 7 to 18, wherein, if the inlet (264) is formed by the first 3 / 2-way valve (260) and the second subsystem (310) has the pump (340) in the supply line (322) to the second heat exchanger (320), the second subsystem (310) is formed with the hydraulic separator (400) between the supply line (322) and the outlet (324) of the second heat exchanger (320).

20. Heating system (1000) according to one of claims 9 to 18, wherein, if the inlet (264) does not have a first 3 / 2-way valve (260) and the outlet (224) of the first heat generator (220) is interrupted between the first branch (250) from the first subsystem (210) and the inlet (264) of the fluid coupling device (270), the second subsystem (310) is formed without the hydraulic separator (400) between the inlet (322) and the outlet (324) of the second heat exchanger (320).

21. Heating system (1000) according to one of claims 10 to 18, wherein, if the second subsystem (310) is designed without the pump (340) in the supply line (322) to the second heat exchanger (320) and without the hydraulic separator (400) between the supply line (322) and the outlet (324) of the second heat exchanger (320), the inlet (264) is formed by the first 3 / 2-way valve (260).

22. Heating system (1000) according to one of claims 10 to 18, wherein, if the inlet (264) does not have a first 3 / 2-way valve (260), the second subsystem (310) has the hydraulic separator (400) between the supply line (322) and the outlet (324) of the second heat exchanger (320) and the pump (340) in the supply line (322) to the second heat exchanger (320).

Images