Use of designed bacterial compositions for infection treatment

Abstract

Provided herein are bacterial compositions that are useful for treating and / or preventing a chronic liver disease, neutropenia, and / or a disease or disorder associated with a solid organ transplantation. In some aspects, treating and / or preventing comprises treating an infection complication due to a chronic liver disease, neutropenia, and / or a solid organ transplantation. The bacterial compositions disclosed herein are designed to exhibit one or more functional features that are useful for the treatment of such diseases and disorders.

Description

USE OF DESIGNED BACTERIAL COMPOSITIONS FOR INFECTION TREATMENTCROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0001] This PCT application claims the priority benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 63 / 482,293, filed January 30, 2023, which is herein incorporated by reference in its entirety.REFERENCE TO SEQUENCE LISTING SUBMITTED ELECTRONICALLY

[0002] The content of the electronically submitted sequence listing (4268_096PC01_Seqlisting_ST26; Size: 421,080 bytes; and Date of Creation: January 30, 2024) is filed with the application is herein incorporated by reference in its entirety.FIELD OF DISCLOSURE

[0003] The present disclosure relates to bacterial compositions that are useful for the treatment of infection complications due to a wide-range of diseases or disorders (e.g., chronic liver disease, cancer neutropenia, and solid organ transplantation) in a subject (e.g., human subject). More specifically, the bacterial compositions provided herein have been designed to exhibit certain properties that are useful in reducing or preventing the risk of infection from certain microbial pathogens within the subject. As further described herein, through the treatment of such pathogens, the bacterial compositions provided herein can be useful in treating the wide-range of diseases or disorders described herein.BACKGROUND

[0004] Chronic liver disease (CLD) is one of the frequent and leading causes of death, especially in the developing world. In the United States, according to the National Vital Statistics Report 2017 from the Center for Disease Control and Prevention, approximately 4.5 million adults had chronic liver disease and cirrhosis, which is 1.8 percent of the adult population. There were 41,473 deaths (12.8 deaths per 100,000 population) from chronic liver disease and cirrhosis. Because of the reduced liver function, many CLD patients are highly susceptible to bacterial infections, and many of the CLD-related deaths are directly associated with such bacterial infections. The most prevalent infections in patients with cirrhosis, spontaneous bacterialperitonitis (SBP) and bloodstream infection (BSI), are commonly caused by gastrointestinal resident microbes. Carriage of potentially pathogenic gastrointestinal micobes combines with increased intestinal permeability can result in translocation of these potential pathogens, leading to SBP and BSI. This same phenomenon can drive bacterial infections in subjects suffering from other diseases and disorders associated with compromised immune function and / or febrile neutropenia ([e.g., solid-organ transplantation, chemotherapy for solid and hematological malignancy) and other conditions requiring acute care or prolonged care in the setting of the intensive care unit (see, e.g., Ford et al., Lancet 2(10): e438-44 (Oct. 2015); and Freedberg DE et al., Intensive Care Med 44(8) : 1203-1211 (Aug. 2018)).

[0005] Accordingly, there remains a need for new and alternative approaches to preventing and / or treating bacterial infections in subjects suffering from a chronic liver disease, neutropenia, and / or disease or disorder associated with compromised immune function and / or impaired gastrointestinal barrier function.BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE DISCLOSURE

[0006] Provided herein are methods of treating diseases and disorders as described herein for example, a chronic liver disease, a disease or disorder associated with a solid organ transplantation, or a neutropenia. Also provided are bacterial compositions.

[0007] In some aspects, the methods of treating a chronic liver disease in a subject in need thereof, comprise administering to the subject a composition comprising a plurality of bacteria, wherein the plurality of bacteria comprises a first species of bacteria and a second species of bacteria, wherein the first species and the second species are not the same, and wherein the first species and the second species are independently selected from Anaerotruncus colihominis, Blautia coccoides, Blautia hominis, Blautia obeum, Blautia wexlerae, Butyricicoccus sp2, Clostridium aldenense, Clostridium bolteae, Clostridium innocuum, Clostridium scindens, Clostridium symbiosum, Dorea longicatena, Eisenbergiella tayi, Emergencia timonensis, Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, Eubacterium callanderi, Faecalicatena cortorta, Faecalicatena orotica, Flavonifractor plautii, Hungatella effluvii, Intestinimonas butyr iciproducens, Intestinimonas massiliensis, Lactonifactor longoviformis, Lawsonibacter sp7, Massilimaliae timonensis, Murimonas intestini, Niameybacter sp1, Ruminococcaceae NG13 sp6, or Turicibacter sanguinis.

[0008] In some aspects, treating a chronic liver disease comprises (i) reducing or preventing an incidence of an infection in the subject, (ii) reducing or preventing a symptom of the chronic liver disease in the subject, or (iii) both (i) and (ii).

[0009] In some aspects, the chronic liver disease is caused by and / or associated with a toxin (e.g., prolonged alcohol and / or drug abuse), an infection, a metabolic disorder, an autoimmune disease, a genetic abnormality, or combinations thereof. In some aspects, the chronic liver disease is idiopathic. In some aspects, the chronic liver disease comprises a cirrhosis, liver fibrosis, alcoholic liver disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), hepatitis (including viral and alcoholic hepatitis), primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency, hereditary hemochromatosis, Wilson's disease, autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), Budd-Chiari syndrome, and combinations thereof. In some aspects, the chronic liver disease comprises fluid buildup in the belly (ascites), vomiting, gallstones, itching, jaundice, kidney failure, muscle loss, loss of appetite, bruising, spider-like veins in the skin, fatigue, weight loss, confusion, swelling in the legs (e.g., ankles), portal hypertension, hepatic encephalopathy, and combinations thereof. In some aspects, the the chronic liver disease comprises hepatic encephalopathy.

[0010] In some aspects, provided herein is a method of treating a neutropenia in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering to the subject a composition comprising a plurality of bacteria, wherein the plurality of bacteria comprises a first species of bacteria and a second species of bacteria, wherein the first species and the second species are not the same, and wherein the first species and the second species are independently selected from Anaerotruncus colihominis. Blautia coccoides. Blautia hominis. Blautia obeum. Blautia w exlerae. Butyricicoccus sp2, Clostridium aldenense. Clostridium bolleae. Clostridium innocuum. Clostridium scindens. Clostridium symbiosum. Dorea longicalena. Eisenbergiella tayi, Emergencia limonensis. Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum. Eubacterium callanderi. Faecalicatena corlorla. Faecalicatena orolica. Flavonifractor plautii. Hungatella effluvii. Intestinimonas butyr iciproducens. Intestinimonas massiliensis. Lactonifactor longoviformis. Lawsonibacter sp7. Massilimaliae limonensis. Murimonas inteslini. Niameybacter sp1, Ruminococcaceae NG13 sp6, or Turicibacter sanguinis.

[0011] In some aspects, treating a neutropenia comprises (i) reducing or preventing an incidence of an infection in the subject, (ii) reducing or preventing a symptom of the neutropeniain the subject, or (iii) both (i) and (ii). In some aspects, the neutropenia comprises a cancer neutropenia.

[0012] In some aspects, provided herein is a method of treating a disease or disorder associated with a solid organ transplantation in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering to the subject a composition comprising a plurality of bacteria, wherein the plurality of bacteria comprises a first species of bacteria and a second species of bacteria, wherein the first species and the second species are not the same, and wherein the first species and the second species are independently selected from Anaerotruncus colihominis, Blautia coccoides, Blautia hominis, Blautia obeum. Blautia wexlerae, Butyricicoccus sp2, Clostridium aldenense, Clostridium bolleae, Clostridium innocuum, Clostridium scindens, Clostridium symbiosum, Dorea longicatena, Eisenbergiella tayi, Emergencia limonensis, Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, Eubacterium callanderi. Faecalicatena corlorla, Faecalicatena orolica, Flavonifractor plautii, Hungatella effluvii, Intestinimonas butyr iciproducens, Intestinimonas massiliensis. Lactonifactor longoviformis, Lawsonibacter sp7,Massilimaliae limonensis. Murimonas inleslini, Niameybacter spl, Ruminococcaceae NG13 sp6, or Turicibacter sanguinis.

[0013] In some aspects, treating a disease or disorder associated with a solid organ transplantation comprises (i) reducing or preventing an incidence of an infection in the subject, (ii) reducing or preventing a symptom of the disease or disorder associated with a solid organ transplantation in the subject, or (iii) both (i) and (ii). In some aspects, the solid organ transplantation comprises a liver transplantation.

[0014] For any of the methods provided herein, in some aspects, the first species and / or the second species is selected from Clostridium innocuum, Clostridium bolleae, Flavonifractor plautii, Blautia coccoides, Anaerotruncus colihominis, Murimonas intestini, Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, Faecalicatena orotica, Clostridium aldenense, or Eisenbergiella tayi. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises each of Clostridium innocuum, Clostridium bolteae, Flavonifractor plautii, Blautia coccoides, Anaerotruncus colihominis, Murimonas intestini, Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, Faecalicatena orotica, Clostridium aldenense, and Eisenbergiella tayi.

[0015] In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria further comprises Emergencia timonensis. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria further comprises Intestinimonas butyriciproducens. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria further comprises Clostridium symbiosum. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria further comprises Clostridium scindens. In some aspects, the plurality ofbacteria further comprises Faecalicatena cortorta. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria further comprises Lactonifactor longoviformis. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria further comprises Massilimaliae timonensis. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria further comprises Hungatella effluvii. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria further comprises Butyricicoccus sp2. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria further comprises Intestinimonas massiliensis. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria further comprises Niameybacter spl. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria further comprises Turicibacter sanguinis. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria further comprises RuminococcaceaeNG13 sp6. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria further comprises Dorea longicatena. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria further comprises Blautia obeum. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria further comprises Lawsonibacter sp 7. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria further comprises Blautia hominis. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria further comprises Blautia wexlerae. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria further comprises Eubacterium callanderi.

[0016] In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises, consists essentially of, or consists of the following species of bacteria: (a) (1) Clostridium innocuum, (2) Clostridium bolteae, (3) Flavonifractor plautii, (4) Blautia coccoides, (5) Anaerotruncus colihominis, (6) Murimonas intestini, (7) Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, (8) Faecalicatena orotica, (9) Emergencia timonensis, (10) Clostridium aldenense, (11) Intestinimonas butyriciprodiicens, (12) Eisenbergiella tayi, (13) Clostridium symbiosum, and (14) Clostridium scindens: (b) (1) Clostridium innocuum, (2) Clostridium bolteae, (3) Flavonifractor plautii, (4) Blautia coccoides, (5) Anaerotruncus colihominis, (6) Murimonas intestini, (7) Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, (8) Faecalicatena orotica, (9) Clostridium aldenense, (10) Intestinimonas butyr iciproducens, (11) Eisenbergiella tayi, (12) Clostridium symbiosum, (13) Clostridium scindens, and (14) Emergencia timonensis; (c) (1) Clostridium innocuum, (2) Clostridium bolteae, (3) Flavonifractor plautii, (4) Blautia coccoides, (5) Anaerotruncus colihominis, (6) Murimonas intestini, (7) Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, (8) Faecalicatena orotica, (9) Clostridium aldenense, (10) Intestinimonas butyr iciproducens, (11) Eisenbergiella tayi, (12) Clostridium symbiosum, (13) Clostridium scindens, (14) Emergencia timonensis, (15) Faecalicatena cortorta, (16) Lactonifactor longoviformis, and (17) Ruminococcaceae NGI3 sp6; (d) (1) Clostridium innocuum, (2) Clostridium bolteae, (3) Flavonifractor plautii, (4) Blautia coccoides, (5) Anaerotruncus colihominis, (6) Murimonas intestini, (7) Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, (8) Faecalicatena orotica, (9) Clostridium aldenense, (10) Intestinimonas butyriciproducens, (11) Eisenbergiellatayi, (12) Clostridium symbiosum, (13) Clostridium scindens, (14) Emergencia timonensis, (15) Faecalicatena cortorta, (16) Lactonifactor longoviformis, (17) Massilimaliae timonensis, (18) Hungatella effluvii, and (19) Butyricicoccus sp2; (e) (1) Clostridium innocuum, (2) Clostridium bolteae, (3) Flavonifr actor plautii, (4) Blautia coccoides, (5) Anaerotruncus colihominis, (6) Murimonas intestini, (7) Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, (8) Faecalicatena orotica, (9) Clostridium aldenense, (10) Intestinimonas bulyriciproducens. (11) Eisenbergiella tayi, (12) Clostridium symbiosum, (13) Clostridium scindens, (14) Emergencia timonensis, (15) Faecalicatena cortorta, (16) Lactonifactor longoviformis, (17) Massilimaliae timonensis, (18) Hungatella effluvii, (19) Butyricicoccus sp2, (20) Intestinimonas massiliensis, (21) Niameybacter spl, and (22) Turicibacter sanguinis; (f) (1) Clostridium innocuum, (2) Clostridium bolteae, (3) Flavonifractor plautii, (4) Blautia coccoides, (5) Anaerotruncus colihominis, (6) Murimonas intestini, (7) Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, (8) Faecalicatena orotica, (9) Emergencia timonensis, (10) Clostridium aldenense, (11) Eisenbergiella tayi, (12) Dorea longicatena, and (13) Blautia obeunr, (g) (1) Clostridium innocuum, (2) Clostridium bolteae, (3) Flavonifractor plautii, (4) Blautia coccoides, (5) Anaerotruncus colihominis, (6) Murimonas intestini, (7) Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, (8) Faecalicatena orotica, (9) Clostridium aldenense, (10) Intestinimonas butyr iciproducens, (11) Eisenbergiella tayi, (12) Clostridium symbiosum, (13) Clostridium scindens, (14) Emergencia timonensis, (15) Blautia obeum, and (16) Lawsonibacter sp7; (h) (1) Clostridium innocuum, (2) Clostridium bolteae, (3) Flavonifractor plautii, (4) Blautia coccoides, (5) Anaerotruncus colihominis, (6) Murimonas intestini, (7) Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, (8) Faecalicatena orotica, (9) Clostridium aldenense, (10) Intestinimonas butyr iciproducens, (11) Eisenbergiella tayi, (12) Clostridium symbiosum, (13) Clostridium scindens, (14) Emergencia timonensis, (15) Faecalicatena cortorta, (16) Lactonifactor longoviformis, (17) Ruminococcaceae NGI3 sp6, (18) Blautia obeum, and (19) Lawsonibacter sp7; (i) (1) Clostridium innocuum, (2) Clostridium bolteae, (3) Flavonifractor plautii, (4) Blautia coccoides, (5) Anaerotruncus colihominis, (6) Murimonas intestini, (7) Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, (8) Faecalicatena orotica, (9) Clostridium aldenense, (10) Intestinimonas butyr iciproducens, (11) Eisenbergiella tayi, (12) Clostridium symbiosum, and (13) Emergencia timonensis; (j) (1) Clostridium innocuum, (2) Clostridium bolteae, (3) Flavonifractor plautii, (4) Blautia coccoides, (5) Anaerotruncus colihominis, (6) Murimonas intestini, (7) Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, (8) Faecalicatena orotica, (9) Clostridium aldenense, (10) Intestinimonas butyr iciproducens, (11) Eisenbergiella tayi, (12) Clostridium symbiosum, (13)Clostridium scindens, (14) Emergencia limonensis, (15) Faecalicatena corlorla, (16) Lactonifactor longoviformis, (17) Intestinimonas massiliensis. (18) Niameybacter spi, and (19) Turicibacter sanguinis; or (k) (1) Clostridium innocuum, (2) Clostridium bolleae, (3) Flavonifractor plautii, (4) Blautia hominis, (5) Anaerotruncus colihominis, (6) Murimonas inleslini, (7) Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, (8) Faecalicatena orolica, (9) Emergencia limonensis, (10) Clostridium aldenense, (11) Eisenbergiella tayi, (12) Clostridium scindens, (13) Dorea longicalena, (14) Blautia obeum, (15) Blautia wexlerae, and (16) Eubacterium callanderi.

[0017] In some aspects, (a) the Anaerotruncus colihominis comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 5, SEQ ID NO: 79, SEQ ID NO: 80, or SEQ ID NO: 81; (b) the Blautia coccoides comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO: 74, SEQ ID NO: 75, SEQ ID NO: 76, SEQ ID NO: 77, or SEQ ID NO: 78; (c) the Blautia hominis comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 29, SEQ ID NO: 32, SEQ ID NO: 33, SEQ ID NO: 34, SEQ ID NO: 35, SEQ ID NO: 36, or SEQ ID NO: 37; (d) the Blautia obeum comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 26, SEQ ID NO: 158, SEQ ID NO: 159, SEQ ID NO: 160, SEQ ID NO: 161, SEQ ID NO: 162, or SEQ ID NO: 163; (e) the Blautia wexlerae comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 30, SEQ ID NO: 38, SEQ ID NO: 39, SEQ ID NO: 40, SEQ ID NO: 41, SEQ ID NO: 42, SEQ ID NO: 43, SEQ ID NO: 44, SEQ ID NO: 166, SEQ ID NO: 167, SEQ ID NO: 168, SEQ ID NO: 169, SEQ ID NO: 170, SEQ ID NO: 171, or SEQ ID NO: 172; (f) the Butyricicoccus sp2 comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 20 or SEQ ID NO: 132; (g) the Clostridium aldenense comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 10, SEQ ID NO: 100, SEQ ID NO: 101, SEQ ID NO: 102, SEQ ID NO: 103, or SEQ ID NO: 104; (h) the Clostridiumbolteae comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 66, SEQ ID NO: 67, SEQ ID NO: 68, SEQ ID NO: 69, or SEQ ID NO: 70; (i) the Clostridium innocuum comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 61, SEQ ID NO: 62, SEQ ID NO: 63, SEQ ID NO: 64, or SEQ ID NO: 65; (j) the Clostridium scindens comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 14, SEQ ID NO: 111, SEQ ID NO: 112, SEQ ID NO: 113, or SEQ ID NO: 114; (k) the Clostridium symbiosum comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 13 or SEQ ID NO: 110; (1) the Dorea longicatena comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 25, SEQ ID NO: 50, SEQ ID NO: 51, SEQ ID NO: 52, SEQ ID NO: 53, SEQ ID NO: 54, SEQ ID NO: 55, SEQ ID NO: 56, SEQ ID NO: 57, SEQ ID NO: 58, SEQ ID NO: 59, SEQ ID NO: 60, SEQ ID NO: 152, SEQ ID NO: 153, SEQ ID NO: 154, SEQ ID NO: 155, SEQ ID NO: 156, or SEQ ID NO: 157; (m) the Eisenbergiella tayi comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 12, SEQ ID NO: 106, SEQ ID NO: 107, SEQ ID NO: 108, or SEQ ID NO: 109; (n) the Emergencia timonensis comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 9, SEQ ID NO: 97, SEQ ID NO: 98, SEQ ID NO: 99, SEQ ID NO: 15, SEQ ID NO: 115, or SEQ ID NO: 116; (o) the Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 87, SEQ ID NO: 88, SEQ ID NO: 89, SEQ ID NO: 90, or SEQ ID NO: 91; (p) the Eubacterium callanderi comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 31, SEQ ID NO: 45, SEQ ID NO: 46, SEQ ID NO: 47, SEQ ID NO: 48, SEQ ID NO: 49, SEQ ID NO: 173, SEQID NO: 174, SEQ ID NO: 175, SEQ ID NO: 176, or SEQ ID NO: 177; (q) the Faecalicatena cortorta comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 16, SEQ ID NO: 117, SEQ ID NO: 118, SEQ ID NO: 119, or SEQ ID NO: 120; (r) the Faecalicatena orotica comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 8, SEQ ID NO: 92, SEQ ID NO: 93, SEQ ID NO: 94, SEQ ID NO: 95, or SEQ ID NO: 96; (s) the Flavonifractor plautii comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 3, SEQ ID NO: 71, SEQ ID NO: 72, or SEQ ID NO: 73; (t) the Hungatella effluvia comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 19, SEQ ID NO: 126, SEQ ID NO: 127, SEQ ID NO: 128, SEQ ID NO: 129, SEQ ID NO: 130, or SEQ ID NO: 131; (u) the Intestinimonas butyriciproducens comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 11 or SEQ ID NO: 105; (v) the Intestinimonas massiliensis comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 21 or SEQ ID NO: 133; (w) the Lactonifactor longoviformis comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 17, SEQ ID NO: 121, SEQ ID NO: 122, SEQ ID NO: 123, SEQ ID NO: 124, SEQ ID NO: 28, or SEQ ID NO: 165; (x) the Lawsonibacter sp7 comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 27 or SEQ ID NO: 164; (y) the Massilimaliae timonensis comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 18 or SEQ ID NO: 125; (z) the Murimonas intestini comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 82, SEQ ID NO: 83, SEQ ID NO: 84, SEQ ID NO: 85, SEQ ID NO: 86; (aa) the Niameybacterspl comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 22 or SEQ ID NO: 134; (bb) the Ruminococcaceae NG13 sp6 comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 24, SEQ ID NO: 149, SEQ ID NO: 150, or SEQ ID NO: 151; or (cc) the Turicibacter sanguinis comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 23, SEQ ID NO: 135, SEQ ID NO: 136, SEQ ID NO: 137, SEQ ID NO: 138, SEQ ID NO: 139, SEQ ID NO: 140, SEQ ID NO: 141, SEQ ID NO: 142, SEQ ID NO: 143, SEQ ID NO: 144, SEQ ID NO: 145, SEQ ID NO: 146, SEQ ID NO: 147, or SEQ ID NO: 148.

[0018] In some aspects, (a) the Anaerotruncus colihominis comprises the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 5, SEQ ID NO: 79, SEQ ID NO: 80, or SEQ ID NO: 81; (b) the Blautia coccoides comprises the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO: 74, SEQ ID NO: 75, SEQ ID NO: 76, SEQ ID NO: 77, or SEQ ID NO: 78; (c) the Blautia hominis comprises the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 29, SEQ ID NO: 32, SEQ ID NO: 33, SEQ ID NO: 34, SEQ ID NO: 35, SEQ ID NO: 36, or SEQ ID NO: 37;(d) the Blautia obeum comprises the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 26, SEQ ID NO: 158, SEQ ID NO: 159, SEQ ID NO: 160, SEQ ID NO: 161, SEQ ID NO: 162, or SEQ ID NO: 163; (e) the Blautia wexlerae comprises the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 30, SEQ ID NO: 38, SEQ ID NO: 39, SEQ ID NO: 40, SEQ ID NO: 41, SEQ ID NO: 42, SEQ ID NO: 43, SEQ ID NO: 44, SEQ ID NO: 166, SEQ ID NO: 167, SEQ ID NO: 168, SEQ ID NO: 169, SEQ ID NO: 170, SEQ ID NO: 171, or SEQ ID NO: 172; (f) the Butyricicoccus sp2 comprises the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 20 or SEQ ID NO: 132; (g) the Clostridium aldenense comprises the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 10, SEQ ID NO: 100, SEQ ID NO: 101, SEQ ID NO: 102, SEQ ID NO: 103, or SEQ ID NO: 104; (h) the Clostridium bolteae comprises the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 22 or SEQ ID NO: 134; (i) the Clostridium innocuum comprises the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 61, SEQ ID NO: 62, SEQ ID NO: 63, SEQ ID NO: 64, or SEQ ID NO: 65; (j) the Clostridium scindens comprises the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 14, SEQ ID NO: 111, SEQ ID NO: 112, SEQ ID NO: 113, or SEQ ID NO: 114; (k) the Clostridium symbiosum comprises the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 13 or SEQ ID NO: 110; (1) the Dorea longicatena comprises the 16S rDNA sequenceset forth in SEQ ID NO: 25, SEQ ID NO: 50, SEQ ID NO: 51, SEQ ID NO: 52, SEQ ID NO: 53, SEQ ID NO: 54, SEQ ID NO: 55, SEQ ID NO: 56, SEQ ID NO: 57, SEQ ID NO: 58, SEQ ID NO: 59, SEQ ID NO: 60, SEQ ID NO: 152, SEQ ID NO: 153, SEQ ID NO: 154, SEQ ID NO: 155, SEQ ID NO: 156, or SEQ ID NO: 157; (m) the Eisenbergiella tayi comprises the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 12, SEQ ID NO: 106, SEQ ID NO: 107, SEQ ID NO: 108, or SEQ ID NO: 109; (n) the Emergencia timonensis comprises the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 9, SEQ ID NO: 97, SEQ ID NO: 98, SEQ ID NO: 99, SEQ ID NO: 15, SEQ ID NO: 115, or SEQ ID NO: 116; (o) the Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum comprises the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 87, SEQ ID NO: 88, SEQ ID NO: 89, SEQ ID NO: 90, or SEQ ID NO: 91; (p) the Eubacterium callanderi comprises the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 31, SEQ ID NO: 45, SEQ ID NO: 46, SEQ ID NO: 47, SEQ ID NO: 48, SEQ ID NO: 49, SEQ ID NO: 173, SEQ ID NO: 174, SEQ ID NO: 175, SEQ ID NO: 176, or SEQ ID NO: 177; (q) the Faecalicatena cortorta comprises the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 16, SEQ ID NO: 117, SEQ ID NO: 118, SEQ ID NO: 119, or SEQ ID NO: 120; (r) the Faecalicatena orotica comprises the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 8, SEQ ID NO: 92, SEQ ID NO: 93, SEQ ID NO: 94, SEQ ID NO: 95, or SEQ ID NO: 96; (s) the Flavonifractor plautii comprises the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 3, SEQ ID NO: 71, SEQ ID NO: 72, or SEQ ID NO: 73; (t) the Hungatella effluvia comprises the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 19, SEQ ID NO: 126, SEQ ID NO: 127, SEQ ID NO: 128, SEQ ID NO: 129, SEQ ID NO: 130, or SEQ ID NO: 131; (u) the Intestinimonas butyr iciproducens comprises the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 11 or SEQ ID NO: 105; (v) the Intestinimonas massiliensis comprises the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 21 or SEQ ID NO: 133; (w) the Lactonifactor longoviformis comprises the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 17, SEQ ID NO: 121, SEQ ID NO: 122, SEQ ID NO: 123, SEQ ID NO: 124, SEQ ID NO: 28, or SEQ ID NO: 165; (x) the Lawsonibacter _sp7 comprises the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 27 or SEQ ID NO: 164; (y) the Massilimaliae timonensis comprises the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 18 or SEQ ID NO: 125; (z) the Murimonas intestini comprises the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 82, SEQ ID NO: 83, SEQ ID NO: 84, SEQ ID NO: 85, or SEQ ID NO: 86; (aa) the Niameybacter spl comprises the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 22 or SEQ ID NO: 134; (bb) the Ruminococcaceae NG 13 sp6 comprises the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 24, SEQ ID NO: 149, SEQ ID NO: 150, or SEQ ID NO: 151; or (cc) the Turicibacter sanguinis comprises the 16S rDNA sequence setforth in SEQ ID NO: 23, SEQ ID NO: 135, SEQ ID NO: 136, SEQ ID NO: 137, SEQ ID NO: 138, SEQ ID NO: 139, SEQ ID NO: 140, SEQ ID NO: 141, SEQ ID NO: 142, SEQ ID NO: 143, SEQ ID NO: 144, SEQ ID NO: 145, SEQ ID NO: 146, SEQ ID NO: 147, or SEQ ID NO: 148.

[0019] In some aspects, provided herein is a method of treating a chronic liver disease in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering to the subject a composition comprising a first species of bacteria and a second species of bacteria, wherein the first species and the second species are not the same, and wherein the first species and the second species independently comprise a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in any one of SEQ ID NO: 5, SEQ ID NO: 79, SEQ ID NO: 80, SEQ ID NO: 81, SEQ ID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO: 74, SEQ ID NO: 75, SEQ ID NO: 76, SEQ ID NO: 77, SEQ ID NO: 78, SEQ ID NO: 26, SEQ ID NO: 158, SEQ ID NO: 159, SEQ ID NO: 160, SEQ ID NO: 161, SEQ ID NO: 162, SEQ ID NO: 163, SEQ ID NO: 20, SEQ ID NO: 132, SEQ ID NO: 10, SEQ ID NO: 100, SEQ ID NO: 101, SEQ ID NO: 10266, SEQ ID NO: 10367, SEQ ID NO: 10468, SEQ ID NO: 69, SEQ ID NO: 70, SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 61, SEQ ID NO: 62, SEQ ID NO: 63, SEQ ID NO: 64, SEQ ID NO: 65, SEQ ID NO: 14, SEQ ID NO: 111, SEQ ID NO: 112, SEQ ID NO: 113, SEQ ID NO: 114, SEQ ID NO: 13, SEQ ID NO: 110, , SEQ ID NO: 25, SEQ ID NO: 50, SEQ ID NO: 51, SEQ ID NO: 52, SEQ ID NO: 53, SEQ ID NO: 54, SEQ ID NO: 55, SEQ ID NO: 56, SEQ ID NO: 57, SEQ ID NO: 58, SEQ ID NO: 59, SEQ ID NO: 60, SEQ ID NO: 152, SEQ ID NO: 153, SEQ ID NO: 154, SEQ ID NO: 155, SEQ ID NO: 156, SEQ ID NO: 157, SEQ ID NO: 12, SEQ ID NO: 106, SEQ ID NO: 107, SEQ ID NO: 108, SEQ ID NO: 109, SEQ ID NO: 9, SEQ ID NO: 97, SEQ ID NO: 98, SEQ ID NO: 99, SEQ ID NO: 15, SEQ ID NO: 115, SEQ ID NO: 116, SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 87, SEQ ID NO: 88, SEQ ID NO: 89, SEQ ID NO: 90, SEQ ID NO: 91, SEQ ID NO: 16, SEQ ID NO: 117, SEQ ID NO: 118, SEQ ID NO: 119, SEQ ID NO: 120, SEQ ID NO: 8, SEQ ID NO: 92, SEQ ID NO: 93, SEQ ID NO: 94, SEQ ID NO: 95, SEQ ID NO: 96, SEQ ID NO: 3, SEQ ID NO: 71, SEQ ID NO: 72, SEQ ID NO: 73, SEQ ID NO: 19, SEQ ID NO: 126, SEQ ID NO: 127, SEQ ID NO: 128, SEQ ID NO: 129, SEQ ID NO: 130, SEQ ID NO: 131, SEQ ID NO: 11, SEQ ID NO: 105, SEQ ID NO: 21, SEQ ID NO: 133, SEQ ID NO: 17, SEQ ID NO: 121, SEQ ID NO: 122, SEQ ID NO: 123, SEQ ID NO: 124, SEQ ID NO:28, SEQ ID NO: 27, SEQ ID NO: 164, SEQ ID NO: 18, SEQ ID NO: 125, SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 82, SEQ ID NO: 83, SEQ ID NO: 84, SEQ ID NO: 85, SEQ ID NO: 86, SEQ ID NO: 22, SEQ ID NO: 134, SEQ ID NO: 24, SEQ ID NO: 149, SEQ ID NO: 150, SEQ ID NO: 151, SEQ ID NO: 23, SEQ ID NO: 135, SEQ ID NO:136, SEQ ID NO: 137, SEQ ID NO: 138, SEQ ID NO: 139, SEQ ID NO: 140, SEQ ID NO: 141, SEQ ID NO: 142, SEQ ID NO: 143, SEQ ID NO: 144, SEQ ID NO: 145, SEQ ID NO: 146, SEQ ID NO: 147, SEQ ID NO: 148, SEQ ID NO: 29, SEQ ID NO: 32, SEQ ID NO: 33, SEQ ID NO: 34, SEQ ID NO: 35, SEQ ID NO: 36, or SEQ ID NO: 37, SEQ ID NO: 30, SEQ ID NO: 38, SEQ ID NO: 39, SEQ ID NO: 40, SEQ ID NO: 41, SEQ ID NO: 42, SEQ ID NO: 43, SEQ ID NO: 44, SEQ ID NO: 166, SEQ ID NO: 167, SEQ ID NO: 168, SEQ ID NO: 169, SEQ ID NO: 170, SEQ ID NO: 171, SEQ ID NO: 172, SEQ ID NO: 31, SEQ ID NO: 45, SEQ ID NO: 46, SEQ ID NO: 47, SEQ ID NO: 48, SEQ ID NO: 49, SEQ ID NO: 173, SEQ ID NO: 174, SEQ ID NO: 175, SEQ ID NO: 176, or SEQ ID NO: 177.

[0020] In some aspects, provided herein is a method of treating a neutropenia in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering to the subject a composition comprising a first species of bacteria and a second species of bacteria, wherein the first species and the second species are not the same, and wherein the first species and the second species independently comprise a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in any one of SEQ ID NO: 5, SEQ ID NO: 79, SEQ ID NO: 80, SEQ ID NO: 81, SEQ ID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO: 74, SEQ ID NO: 75, SEQ ID NO: 76, SEQ ID NO: 77, SEQ ID NO: 78, SEQ ID NO: 26, SEQ ID NO: 158, SEQ ID NO: 159, SEQ ID NO: 160, SEQ ID NO: 161, SEQ ID NO: 162, SEQ ID NO: 163, SEQ ID NO: 20, SEQ ID NO: 132, SEQ ID NO: 10, SEQ ID NO: 100, SEQ ID NO: 101, SEQ ID NO: 10266, SEQ ID NO: 10367, SEQ ID NO: 10468, SEQ ID NO: 69, SEQ ID NO: 70, SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 61, SEQ ID NO: 62, SEQ ID NO: 63, SEQ ID NO: 64, SEQ ID NO: 65, SEQ ID NO: 14, SEQ ID NO: 111, SEQ ID NO: 112, SEQ ID NO: 113, SEQ ID NO: 114, SEQ ID NO: 13, SEQ ID NO: 110, SEQ ID NO: 25, SEQ ID NO: 50, SEQ ID NO: 51, SEQ ID NO: 52, SEQ ID NO: 53, SEQ ID NO: 54, SEQ ID NO: 55, SEQ ID NO: 56, SEQ ID NO: 57, SEQ ID NO: 58, SEQ ID NO: 59, SEQ ID NO: 60, SEQ ID NO: 152, SEQ ID NO: 153, SEQ ID NO: 154, SEQ ID NO: 155, SEQ ID NO: 156, SEQ ID NO: 157, SEQ ID NO: 12, SEQ ID NO: 106, SEQ ID NO: 107, SEQ ID NO: 108, SEQ ID NO: 109, SEQ ID NO: 9, SEQ ID NO: 97, SEQ ID NO: 98, SEQ ID NO: 99, SEQ ID NO: 15, SEQ ID NO: 115, SEQ ID NO: 116, SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 87, SEQ ID NO: 88, SEQ ID NO: 89, SEQ ID NO: 90, SEQ ID NO: 91, SEQ ID NO: 16, SEQ ID NO: 117, SEQ ID NO: 118, SEQ ID NO: 119, SEQ ID NO: 120, SEQ ID NO: 8, SEQ ID NO: 92, SEQ ID NO: 93, SEQ ID NO: 94, SEQ ID NO: 95, SEQ ID NO: 96, SEQ ID NO: 3, SEQ ID NO: 71, SEQ ID NO: 72, SEQ ID NO: 73, SEQ ID NO: 19, SEQ ID NO: 126, SEQ ID NO: 127, SEQ IDNO: 128, SEQ ID NO: 129, SEQ ID NO: 130, SEQ ID NO: 131, SEQ ID NO: 11, SEQ ID NO: 105, SEQ ID NO: 21, SEQ ID NO: 133, SEQ ID NO: 17, SEQ ID NO: 121, SEQ ID NO: 122, SEQ ID NO: 123, SEQ ID NO: 124, SEQ ID NO: 28, SEQ ID NO: 165, SEQ ID NO: 27, SEQ ID NO: 164, SEQ ID NO: 18, SEQ ID NO: 125, SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 82, SEQ ID NO: 83, SEQ ID NO: 84, SEQ ID NO: 85, SEQ ID NO: 86, SEQ ID NO: 22, SEQ ID NO: 134, SEQ ID NO: 24, SEQ ID NO: 149, SEQ ID NO: 150, SEQ ID NO: 151, SEQ ID NO: 23, SEQ ID NO: 135, SEQ ID NO: 136, SEQ ID NO: 137, SEQ ID NO: 138, SEQ ID NO: 139, SEQ ID NO: 140, SEQ ID NO: 141, SEQ ID NO: 142, SEQ ID NO: 143, SEQ ID NO: 144, SEQ ID NO: 145, SEQ ID NO: 146, SEQ ID NO: 147, SEQ ID NO: 148, SEQ ID NO: 29, SEQ ID NO: 32, SEQ ID NO: 33, SEQ ID NO: 34, SEQ ID NO: 35, SEQ ID NO: 36, or SEQ ID NO: 37, SEQ ID NO: 30, SEQ ID NO: 38, SEQ ID NO: 39, SEQ ID NO: 40, SEQ ID NO: 41, SEQ ID NO: 42, SEQ ID NO: 43, SEQ ID NO: 44, SEQ ID NO: 166, SEQ ID NO: 167, SEQ ID NO: 168, SEQ ID NO: 169, SEQ ID NO: 170, SEQ ID NO: 171, SEQ ID NO: 172, SEQ ID NO: 31, SEQ ID NO: 45, SEQ ID NO: 46, SEQ ID NO: 47, SEQ ID NO: 48, SEQ ID NO: 49, SEQ ID NO: 173, SEQ ID NO: 174, SEQ ID NO: 175, SEQ ID NO: 176, or SEQ ID NO: 177.

[0021] In some aspects, provided herein is a method of treating a disease or disorder associated with a solid organ transplantation in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering to the subject a composition comprising a first species of bacteria and a second species of bacteria, wherein the first species and the second species are not the same, and wherein the first species and the second species independently comprise a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in any one of SEQ ID NO: 5, SEQ ID NO: 79, SEQ ID NO: 80, SEQ ID NO: 81, SEQ ID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO: 74, SEQ ID NO: 75, SEQ ID NO: 76, SEQ ID NO: 77, SEQ ID NO: 78, SEQ ID NO: 26, SEQ ID NO: 158, SEQ ID NO: 159, SEQ ID NO: 160, SEQ ID NO: 161, SEQ ID NO: 162, SEQ ID NO: 163, SEQ ID NO: 20, SEQ ID NO: 132, SEQ ID NO: 10, SEQ ID NO: 100, SEQ ID NO: 101, SEQ ID NO: 10266, SEQ ID NO: 10367, SEQ ID NO: 10468, SEQ ID NO: 69, SEQ ID NO: 70, SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 61, SEQ ID NO: 62, SEQ ID NO: 63, SEQ ID NO: 64, SEQ ID NO: 65, SEQ ID NO: 14, SEQ ID NO: 111, SEQ ID NO: 112, SEQ ID NO: 113, SEQ ID NO: 114, SEQ ID NO: 13, SEQ ID NO: 110, SEQ ID NO: 25, SEQ ID NO: 50, SEQ ID NO: 51, SEQ ID NO: 52, SEQ ID NO: 53, SEQ ID NO: 54, SEQ ID NO: 55, SEQ ID NO: 56, SEQ ID NO: 57, SEQ ID NO: 58, SEQ ID NO: 59, SEQ ID NO: 60, SEQ ID NO: 152, SEQ ID NO: 153, SEQ ID NO: 154, SEQ ID NO: 155, SEQ ID NO: 156, SEQ ID NO:157, SEQ ID NO: 12, SEQ ID NO: 106, SEQ ID NO: 107, SEQ ID NO: 108, SEQ ID NO: 109, SEQ ID NO: 9, SEQ ID NO: 97, SEQ ID NO: 98, SEQ ID NO: 99, SEQ ID NO: 15, SEQ ID NO: 115, SEQ ID NO: 116, SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 87, SEQ ID NO: 88, SEQ ID NO: 89, SEQ ID NO: 90, SEQ ID NO: 91, SEQ ID NO: 16, SEQ ID NO: 117, SEQ ID NO: 118, SEQ ID NO: 119, SEQ ID NO: 120, SEQ ID NO: 8, SEQ ID NO: 92, SEQ ID NO: 93, SEQ ID NO: 94, SEQ ID NO: 95, SEQ ID NO: 96, SEQ ID NO: 3, SEQ ID NO: 71, SEQ ID NO: 72, SEQ ID NO: 73, SEQ ID NO: 19, SEQ ID NO: 126, SEQ ID NO: 127, SEQ ID NO: 128, SEQ ID NO: 129, SEQ ID NO: 130, SEQ ID NO: 131„ SEQ ID NO: 11, SEQ ID NO: 105, SEQ ID NO: 21, SEQ ID NO: 133, SEQ ID NO: 17, SEQ ID NO: 121, SEQ ID NO: 122, SEQ ID NO: 123, SEQ ID NO: 124, SEQ ID NO: 28, SEQ ID NO: 165, SEQ ID NO: 27, SEQ ID NO: 164, SEQ ID NO: 18, SEQ ID NO: 125, SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 82, SEQ ID NO: 83, SEQ ID NO: 84, SEQ ID NO: 85, SEQ ID NO: 86, SEQ ID NO: 22, SEQ ID NO: 134, SEQ ID NO: 24, SEQ ID NO: 149, SEQ ID NO: 150, SEQ ID NO: 151, SEQ ID NO: 23, SEQ ID NO: 135, SEQ ID NO: 136, SEQ ID NO: 137, SEQ ID NO: 138, SEQ ID NO: 139, SEQ ID NO: 140, SEQ ID NO: 141, SEQ ID NO: 142, SEQ ID NO: 143, SEQ ID NO: 144, SEQ ID NO: 145, SEQ ID NO: 146, SEQ ID NO: 147, SEQ ID NO: 148, SEQ ID NO: 29, SEQ ID NO: 32, SEQ ID NO: 33, SEQ ID NO: 34, SEQ ID NO: 35, SEQ ID NO: 36, or SEQ ID NO: 37, SEQ ID NO: 30, SEQ ID NO: 38, SEQ ID NO: 39, SEQ ID NO: 40, SEQ ID NO: 41, SEQ ID NO: 42, SEQ ID NO: 43, SEQ ID NO: 44, SEQ ID NO: 166, SEQ ID NO: 167, SEQ ID NO: 168, SEQ ID NO: 169, SEQ ID NO: 170, SEQ ID NO: 171, SEQ ID NO: 172, SEQ ID NO: 31, SEQ ID NO: 45, SEQ ID NO: 46, SEQ ID NO: 47, SEQ ID NO: 48, SEQ ID NO: 49, SEQ ID NO: 173, SEQ ID NO: 174, SEQ ID NO: 175, SEQ ID NO: 176, or SEQ ID NO: 177.

[0022] In some aspects, provided herein is a method of treating a disease or disorder associated with a solid organ transplantation in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering to the subject a composition comprising a first species of bacteria and a second species of bacteria, wherein the first species and the second species are not the same, and wherein the first species and the second species independently comprise a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in any one of SEQ ID NO: 5, SEQ ID NO: 79, SEQ ID NO: 80, SEQ ID NO: 81, SEQ ID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO: 74, SEQ ID NO: 75, SEQ ID NO: 76, SEQ ID NO: 77, SEQ ID NO: 78, SEQ ID NO: 26, SEQ ID NO: 158, SEQ ID NO: 159, SEQ ID NO: 160, SEQ ID NO: 161, SEQ ID NO: 162, SEQ ID NO: 163, SEQ ID NO: 20, SEQ ID NO: 132, SEQ ID NO:10, SEQ ID NO: 100, SEQ ID NO: 101, SEQ ID NO: 10266, SEQ ID NO: 10367, SEQ ID NO: 10468, SEQ ID NO: 69, SEQ ID NO: 70, SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 61, SEQ ID NO: 62, SEQ ID NO: 63, SEQ ID NO: 64, SEQ ID NO: 65, SEQ ID NO: 14, SEQ ID NO: 111, SEQ ID NO: 112, SEQ ID NO: 113, SEQ ID NO: 114, SEQ ID NO: 13, SEQ ID NO: 110, SEQ ID NO: 25, SEQ ID NO: 50, SEQ ID NO: 51, SEQ ID NO: 52, SEQ ID NO: 53, SEQ ID NO: 54, SEQ ID NO: 55, SEQ ID NO: 56, SEQ ID NO: 57, SEQ ID NO: 58, SEQ ID NO: 59, SEQ ID NO: 60, SEQ ID NO: 152, SEQ ID NO: 153, SEQ ID NO: 154, SEQ ID NO: 155, SEQ ID NO: 156, SEQ ID NO: 157, SEQ ID NO: 12, SEQ ID NO: 106, SEQ ID NO: 107, SEQ ID NO: 108, SEQ ID NO: 109, SEQ ID NO: 9, SEQ ID NO: 97, SEQ ID NO: 98, SEQ ID NO: 99, SEQ ID NO: 15, SEQ ID NO: 115, SEQ ID NO: 116, SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 87, SEQ ID NO: 88, SEQ ID NO: 89, SEQ ID NO: 90, SEQ ID NO: 91, SEQ ID NO: 16, SEQ ID NO: 117, SEQ ID NO: 118, SEQ ID NO: 119, SEQ ID NO: 120, SEQ ID NO: 8, SEQ ID NO: 92, SEQ ID NO: 93, SEQ ID NO: 94, SEQ ID NO: 95, SEQ ID NO: 96, SEQ ID NO: 3, SEQ ID NO: 71, SEQ ID NO: 72, SEQ ID NO: 73, SEQ ID NO: 19, SEQ ID NO: 126, SEQ ID NO: 127, SEQ ID NO: 128, SEQ ID NO: 129, SEQ ID NO: 130, SEQ ID NO: 131, SEQ ID NO: 11, SEQ ID NO: 105, SEQ ID NO: 21, SEQ ID NO: 133, SEQ ID NO: 17, SEQ ID NO: 121, SEQ ID NO: 122, SEQ ID NO: 123, SEQ ID NO: 124, SEQ ID NO: 28, SEQ ID NO: 165, SEQ ID NO: 27, SEQ ID NO: 164, SEQ ID NO: 18, SEQ ID NO: 125, SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 82, SEQ ID NO: 83, SEQ ID NO: 84, SEQ ID NO: 85, SEQ ID NO: 86, SEQ ID NO: 22, SEQ ID NO: 134, SEQ ID NO: 24, SEQ ID NO: 149, SEQ ID NO: 150, SEQ ID NO: 151, SEQ ID NO: 23, SEQ ID NO: 135, SEQ ID NO: 136, SEQ ID NO: 137, SEQ ID NO: 138, SEQ ID NO: 139, SEQ ID NO: 140, SEQ ID NO: 141, SEQ ID NO: 142, SEQ ID NO: 143, SEQ ID NO: 144, SEQ ID NO: 145, SEQ ID NO: 146, SEQ ID NO: 147, SEQ ID NO: 148, SEQ ID NO: 29, SEQ ID NO: 32, SEQ ID NO: 33, SEQ ID NO: 34, SEQ ID NO: 35, SEQ ID NO: 36, or SEQ ID NO: 37, SEQ ID NO: 30, SEQ ID NO: 38, SEQ ID NO: 39, SEQ ID NO: 40, SEQ ID NO: 41, SEQ ID NO: 42, SEQ ID NO: 43, SEQ ID NO: 44, SEQ ID NO: 166, SEQ ID NO: 167, SEQ ID NO: 168, SEQ ID NO: 169, SEQ ID NO: 170, SEQ ID NO: 171, SEQ ID NO: 172, SEQ ID NO: 31, SEQ ID NO: 45, SEQ ID NO: 46, SEQ ID NO: 47, SEQ ID NO: 48, SEQ ID NO: 49, SEQ ID NO: 173, SEQ ID NO: 174, SEQ ID NO: 175, SEQ ID NO: 176, or SEQ ID NO: 177.

[0023] For any of the methods provided herein, in some aspects, the first species and / or the second species comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequenceset forth in any one of SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 61, SEQ ID NO: 62, SEQ ID NO: 63, SEQ ID NO: 64, SEQ ID NO: 65, SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 66, SEQ ID NO: 67, SEQ ID NO: 68, SEQ ID NO: 69, SEQ ID NO: 70, SEQ ID NO: 3, SEQ ID NO: 71, SEQ ID NO: 72, SEQ ID NO: 73, SEQ ID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO: 74, SEQ ID NO: 75, SEQ ID NO: 76, SEQ ID NO: 77, SEQ ID NO: 78, SEQ ID NO: 5, SEQ ID NO: 79, SEQ ID NO: 80, SEQ ID NO: 81, SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 82, SEQ ID NO: 83, SEQ ID NO: 84, SEQ ID NO: 85, SEQ ID NO: 86, SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 87, SEQ ID NO: 88, SEQ ID NO: 89, SEQ ID NO: 90, SEQ ID NO: 91, SEQ ID NO: 8, SEQ ID NO: 92, SEQ ID NO: 93, SEQ ID NO: 94, SEQ ID NO: 95, SEQ ID NO: 96, SEQ ID NO: 10, SEQ ID NO: 100, SEQ ID NO: 101, SEQ ID NO: 102, SEQ ID NO: 103, SEQ ID NO: 104, SEQ ID NO: 12, SEQ ID NO: 106, SEQ ID NO: 107, SEQ ID NO: 108, or SEQ ID NO: 109. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises each of the following: (a) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 61, SEQ ID NO: 62, SEQ ID NO: 63, SEQ ID NO: 64, or SEQ ID NO: 65, (b) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 66, SEQ ID NO: 67, SEQ ID NO: 68, SEQ ID NO: 69, or SEQ ID NO: 70, (c) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 3, SEQ ID NO: 71, SEQ ID NO: 72, or SEQ ID NO: 73, (d) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO: 74, SEQ ID NO: 75, SEQ ID NO: 76, SEQ ID NO: 77, or SEQ ID NO: 78, (e) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 5, SEQ ID NO: 79, SEQ ID NO: 80, or SEQ ID NO: 81, (f) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 82, SEQ ID NO: 83, SEQ ID NO: 84, SEQ ID NO: 85, or SEQ ID NO: 86 (g) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 87, SEQ ID NO: 88, SEQ ID NO: 89, SEQ ID NO: 90, or SEQ ID NO: 91, (h) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequenceset forth in SEQ ID NO: 8, SEQ ID NO: 92, SEQ ID NO: 93, SEQ ID NO: 94, SEQ ID NO: 95, or SEQ ID NO: 96, (i) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 10, SEQ ID NO: 100, SEQ ID NO: 101, SEQ ID NO: 102, SEQ ID NO: 103, or SEQ ID NO: 104, and (j) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 12, SEQ ID NO: 106, SEQ ID NO: 107, SEQ ID NO: 108, or SEQ ID NO: 109.

[0024] For any of the methods provided herein, in some aspects, the plurality of bacteria further comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 9, SEQ ID NO: 97, SEQ ID NO: 98, or SEQ ID NO: 99. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria further comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 15, SEQ ID NO: 115, or SEQ ID NO: 116. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria further comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 11 or SEQ ID NO: 105. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria further comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 13 or SEQ ID NO: 110. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria further comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 14, SEQ ID NO: 111, SEQ ID NO: 112, SEQ ID NO: 113, or SEQ ID NO: 114. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria further comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 16, SEQ ID NO: 117, SEQ ID NO: 118, SEQ ID NO: 119, or SEQ ID NO: 120. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria further comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in 17. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria further comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in 28. Insome aspects, the plurality of bacteria further comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 18 or SEQ ID NO: 125. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria further comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 19, SEQ ID NO: 126, SEQ ID NO: 127, SEQ ID NO: 128, SEQ ID NO: 129, SEQ ID NO: 130, or SEQ ID NO: 131. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria further comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 20 or SEQ ID NO: 132. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria further comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 21 or SEQ ID NO: 133. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria further comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 22 or SEQ ID NO: 134. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria further comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 23, SEQ ID NO: 135, SEQ ID NO: 136, SEQ ID NO: 137, SEQ ID NO: 138, SEQ ID NO: 139, SEQ ID NO: 140, SEQ ID NO: 141, SEQ ID NO: 142, SEQ ID NO: 143, SEQ ID NO: 144, SEQ ID NO: 145, SEQ ID NO: 146, SEQ ID NO: 147, or SEQ ID NO: 148. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria further comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 24, SEQ ID NO: 149, SEQ ID NO: 150, or SEQ ID NO: 151. For any of the methods provided herein, in some aspects, the plurality of bacteria further comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 25, SEQ ID NO: 50, SEQ ID NO: 51, SEQ ID NO: 52, SEQ ID NO: 53, SEQ ID NO: 54, SEQ ID NO: 55, SEQ ID NO: 56, SEQ ID NO: 57, SEQ ID NO: 58, SEQ ID NO: 59, SEQ ID NO: 60, SEQ ID NO: 152, SEQ ID NO: 153, SEQ ID NO: 154, SEQ ID NO: 155, SEQ ID NO: 156, or SEQ ID NO: 157. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria further comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 26, SEQID NO: 158, SEQ ID NO: 159, SEQ ID NO: 160, SEQ ID NO: 161, SEQ ID NO: 162, or SEQ ID NO: 163. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria further comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 27 or SEQ ID NO: 164. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria further comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 29, SEQ ID NO: 32, SEQ ID NO: 33, SEQ ID NO: 34, SEQ ID NO: 35, SEQ ID NO: 36, or SEQ ID NO: 37. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria further comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 30, SEQ ID NO: 38, SEQ ID NO: 39, SEQ ID NO: 40, SEQ ID NO: 41, SEQ ID NO: 42, SEQ ID NO: 43, SEQ ID NO: 44, SEQ ID NO: 166, SEQ ID NO: 167, SEQ ID NO: 168, SEQ ID NO: 169, SEQ ID NO: 170, SEQ ID NO: 171, or SEQ ID NO: 172. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria further comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 31, SEQ ID NO: 45, SEQ ID NO: 46, SEQ ID NO: 47, SEQ ID NO: 48, SEQ ID NO: 49, SEQ ID NO: 173, SEQ ID NO: 174, SEQ ID NO: 175, SEQ ID NO: 176, or SEQ ID NO: 177.

[0025] For any of the methods provided herein, in some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises, consists essentially of, or consists of: (a) (1) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 61, SEQ ID NO: 62, SEQ ID NO: 63, SEQ ID NO: 64, or SEQ ID NO: 65, (2) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 66, SEQ ID NO: 67, SEQ ID NO: 68, SEQ ID NO: 69, or SEQ ID NO: 70, (3) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 3, SEQ ID NO: 71, SEQ ID NO: 72, or SEQ ID NO: 73, (4) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO: 74, SEQ ID NO: 75, SEQ ID NO: 76, SEQ ID NO: 77, or SEQ ID NO: 78, (5) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 5, SEQ ID NO: 79, SEQ ID NO: 80, or SEQ ID NO: 81, (6) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 82, SEQ ID NO: 83, SEQ ID NO: 84, SEQ ID NO: 85, SEQ ID NO: 86, (7) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 87, SEQ ID NO: 88, SEQ ID NO: 89, SEQ ID NO: 90, or SEQ ID NO: 91, (8) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 8, SEQ ID NO: 92, SEQ ID NO: 93, SEQ ID NO: 94, SEQ ID NO: 95, or SEQ ID NO: 96, (9) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 9, SEQ ID NO: 97, SEQ ID NO: 98, or SEQ ID NO: 99, (10) the 16S rDNAsequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 10, SEQ ID NO: 100, SEQ ID NO: 101, SEQ ID NO: 102, SEQ ID NO: 103, or SEQ ID NO: 104, (11) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 11 or SEQ ID NO: 105, (12) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 12, SEQ ID NO: 106, SEQ ID NO: 107, SEQ ID NO: 108, or SEQ ID NO: 109, (13) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 13 or SEQ ID NO: 110, (14) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 14, SEQ ID NO: 111, SEQ ID NO: 112, SEQ ID NO: 113, or SEQ ID NO: 114, and (15) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 15, SEQ ID NO: 115, or SEQ ID NO: 116; (b) (1) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 61, SEQ ID NO: 62, SEQ ID NO: 63, SEQ ID NO: 64, or SEQ ID NO: 65, (2) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 66, SEQ ID NO: 67, SEQ ID NO: 68, SEQ ID NO: 69, or SEQ ID NO: 70. SEQ ID NO: 66, SEQ ID NO: 67, SEQ ID NO: 68, SEQ ID NO: 69, or SEQ ID NO: 70, (3) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 3, SEQ ID NO: 71, SEQ ID NO: 72, or SEQ ID NO: 73, (4) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO: 74, SEQ ID NO: 75, SEQ ID NO: 76, SEQ ID NO: 77, or SEQ ID NO: 78, (5) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 5, SEQ ID NO: 79, SEQ ID NO: 80, or SEQ ID NO: 81, (6) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 82, SEQ ID NO: 83, SEQ ID NO: 84, SEQ ID NO: 85, or SEQ ID NO: 86, (7) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 87, SEQ ID NO: 88, SEQ ID NO: 89, SEQ ID NO: 90, or SEQ ID NO: 91, (8) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 8, SEQ ID NO: 92, SEQ ID NO: 93, SEQ ID NO: 94, SEQ ID NO: 95, or SEQ ID NO: 96, (9) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 10, SEQ ID NO: 100, SEQ ID NO: 101, SEQ ID NO: 102, SEQ ID NO: 103, or SEQ ID NO: 104, (10) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 11 or SEQ ID NO: 105, (11) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 12, SEQ ID NO: 106, SEQ ID NO: 107, SEQ ID NO: 108, or SEQ ID NO: 109, (12) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 13 or SEQ ID NO: 110, (13) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 14, SEQ ID NO: 111, SEQ ID NO: 112, SEQ ID NO: 113, or SEQ ID NO: 114, and (14) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 15, SEQ ID NO: 115, or SEQ ID NO: 116; (c) (1) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 61, SEQ ID NO: 62, SEQ ID NO: 63, SEQ ID NO: 64, or SEQ ID NO: 65, (2) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 66, SEQ ID NO: 67, SEQ ID NO: 68, SEQ ID NO: 69, or SEQ ID NO: 70, (3) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 3, SEQ ID NO: 71, SEQ ID NO: 72, or SEQ ID NO: 73, (4) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO: 74, SEQ ID NO: 75, SEQ ID NO: 76, SEQ ID NO: 77, or SEQ ID NO: 78, (5) the 16S rDNA sequence setforth in SEQ ID NO: 5, (6) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 82, SEQ ID NO: 83, SEQ ID NO: 84, SEQ ID NO: 85, or SEQ ID NO: 86, (7) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 87, SEQ ID NO: 88, SEQ ID NO: 89, SEQ ID NO: 90, or SEQ ID NO: 91, (8) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 8, SEQ ID NO: 92, SEQ ID NO: 93, SEQ ID NO: 94, SEQ ID NO: 95, or SEQ ID NO: 96, (9) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 10, SEQ ID NO: 100, SEQ ID NO: 101, SEQ ID NO: 102, SEQ ID NO: 103, or SEQ ID NO: 104, (10) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 11 or SEQ ID NO: 105, (11) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 12, SEQ ID NO: 106, SEQ ID NO: 107, SEQ ID NO: 108, or SEQ ID NO: 109, (12) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 13 or SEQ ID NO: 110, (13) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 14, SEQ ID NO: 111, SEQ ID NO: 112, SEQ ID NO: 113, or SEQ ID NO: 114, (14) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 15, SEQ ID NO: 115, or SEQ ID NO: 116, (15) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 16, SEQ ID NO: 117, SEQ ID NO: 118, SEQ ID NO: 119, or SEQ ID NO: 120, (16) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 28 or SEQ ID NO: 165, and (17) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 24, SEQ ID NO: 149, SEQ ID NO: 150, or SEQ ID NO: 151; (d) (1) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 61, SEQ ID NO: 62, SEQ ID NO: 63, SEQ ID NO: 64, or SEQ ID NO: 65, (2) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 66, SEQ ID NO: 67, SEQ ID NO: 68, SEQ ID NO: 69, or SEQ ID NO: 70, (3) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 3, SEQ ID NO: 71, SEQ ID NO: 72, or SEQ ID NO: 73, (4) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO: 74, SEQ ID NO: 75, SEQ ID NO: 76, SEQ ID NO: 77, or SEQ ID NO: 78, (5) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 5, SEQ ID NO: 79, SEQ ID NO: 80, or SEQ ID NO: 81, (6) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 82, SEQ ID NO: 83, SEQ ID NO: 84, SEQ ID NO: 85, or SEQ ID NO: 86, (7) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 87, SEQ ID NO: 88, SEQ ID NO: 89, SEQ ID NO: 90, or SEQ ID NO: 91, (8) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 8, SEQ ID NO: 92, SEQ ID NO: 93, SEQ ID NO: 94, SEQ ID NO: 95, or SEQ ID NO: 96, (9) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 10, SEQ ID NO: 100, SEQ ID NO: 101, SEQ ID NO: 102, SEQ ID NO: 103, or SEQ ID NO: 104, (10) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 11 or SEQ ID NO: 105, (11) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 12, SEQ ID NO: 106, SEQ ID NO: 107, SEQ ID NO: 108, or SEQ ID NO: 109, (12) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 13 or SEQ ID NO: 110, (13) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 14, SEQ ID NO: 111, SEQ ID NO: 112,SEQ ID NO: 113, or SEQ ID NO: 114, (14) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 15, SEQ ID NO: 115, or SEQ ID NO: 116, (15) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 16, SEQ ID NO: 117, SEQ ID NO: 118, SEQ ID NO: 119, or SEQ ID NO: 120, (16) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 17, SEQ ID NO: 121, SEQ ID NO: 122, SEQ ID NO: 123, or SEQ ID NO: 124, and (17) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 24, SEQ ID NO: 149, SEQ ID NO: 150, or SEQ ID NO: 151; (e) (1) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 61, SEQ ID NO: 62, SEQ ID NO: 63, SEQ ID NO: 64, or SEQ ID NO: 65, (2) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 66, SEQ ID NO: 67, SEQ ID NO: 68, SEQ ID NO: 69, or SEQ ID NO: 70, (3) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 3, SEQ ID NO: 71, SEQ ID NO: 72, or SEQ ID NO: 73, (4) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO: 74, SEQ ID NO: 75, SEQ ID NO: 76, SEQ ID NO: 77, or SEQ ID NO: 78, (5) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 5, SEQ ID NO: 79, SEQ ID NO: 80, or SEQ ID NO: 81, (6) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 82, SEQ ID NO: 83, SEQ ID NO: 84, SEQ ID NO: 85, or SEQ ID NO: 86, (7) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 87, SEQ ID NO: 88, SEQ ID NO: 89, SEQ ID NO: 90, or SEQ ID NO: 91, (8) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 8, SEQ ID NO: 92, SEQ ID NO: 93, SEQ ID NO: 94, SEQ ID NO: 95, or SEQ ID NO: 96, (9) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 10, SEQ ID NO: 100, SEQ ID NO: 101, SEQ ID NO: 102, SEQ ID NO: 103, or SEQ ID NO: 104, (10) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 11 or SEQ ID NO: 105, (11) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 12, SEQ ID NO: 106, SEQ ID NO: 107, SEQ ID NO: 108, or SEQ ID NO: 109, (12) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 13 or SEQ ID NO: 110, (13) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 14, SEQ ID NO: 111, SEQ ID NO: 112, SEQ ID NO: 113, or SEQ ID NO: 114, (14) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 15, SEQ ID NO: 115, or SEQ ID NO: 116, (15) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 16, SEQ ID NO: 117, SEQ ID NO: 118, SEQ ID NO: 119, or SEQ ID NO: 120, (16) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 17, SEQ ID NO: 121, SEQ ID NO: 122, SEQ ID NO: 123, or SEQ ID NO: 124, and (17) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 24, SEQ ID NO: 149, SEQ ID NO: 150, or SEQ ID NO: 151; (f) (1) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 61, SEQ ID NO: 62, SEQ ID NO: 63, SEQ ID NO: 64, or SEQ ID NO: 65, (2) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 66, SEQ ID NO: 67, SEQ ID NO: 68, SEQ ID NO: 69, or SEQ ID NO: 70, (3) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 3, SEQ ID NO: 71, SEQ ID NO: 72, or SEQ ID NO: 73, (4) the 16S rDNAsequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO: 74, SEQ ID NO: 75, SEQ ID NO: 76, SEQ ID NO: 77, or SEQ ID NO: 78, (5) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 5, SEQ ID NO: 79, SEQ ID NO: 80, or SEQ ID NO: 81, (6) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 82, SEQ ID NO: 83, SEQ ID NO: 84, SEQ ID NO: 85, or SEQ ID NO: 86, (7) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 87, SEQ ID NO: 88, SEQ ID NO: 89, SEQ ID NO: 90, or SEQ ID NO: 91, (8) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 8, SEQ ID NO: 92, SEQ ID NO: 93, SEQ ID NO: 94, SEQ ID NO: 95, or SEQ ID NO: 96, (9) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 10, SEQ ID NO: 100, SEQ ID NO: 101, SEQ ID NO: 102, SEQ ID NO: 103, or SEQ ID NO: 104, (10) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 11 or SEQ ID NO: 105, (11) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 12, SEQ ID NO: 106, SEQ ID NO: 107, SEQ ID NO: 108, or SEQ ID NO: 109, (12) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 13 or SEQ ID NO: 110, (13) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 14, SEQ ID NO: 111, SEQ ID NO: 112, SEQ ID NO: 113, or SEQ ID NO: 114, (14) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 15, SEQ ID NO: 115, or SEQ ID NO: 116, (15) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 16, SEQ ID NO: 117, SEQ ID NO: 118, SEQ ID NO: 119, or SEQ ID NO: 120, (16) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 17, SEQ ID NO: 121, SEQ ID NO: 122, SEQ ID NO: 123, or SEQ ID NO: 124, (17) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 18 or SEQ ID NO: 125, (18) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 19, SEQ ID NO: 126, SEQ ID NO: 127, SEQ ID NO: 128, SEQ ID NO: 129, SEQ ID NO: 130, or SEQ ID NO: 131, and (19) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 20 or SEQ ID NO: 132; (g) (1) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 61, SEQ ID NO: 62, SEQ ID NO: 63, SEQ ID NO: 64, or SEQ ID NO: 65, (2) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 66, SEQ ID NO: 67, SEQ ID NO: 68, SEQ ID NO: 69, or SEQ ID NO: 70, (3) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 3, SEQ ID NO: 71, SEQ ID NO: 72, or SEQ ID NO: 73, (4) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO: 74, SEQ ID NO: 75, SEQ ID NO: 76, SEQ ID NO: 77, or SEQ ID NO: 78, (5) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 5, SEQ ID NO: 79, SEQ ID NO: 80, or SEQ ID NO: 81, (6) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 82, SEQ ID NO: 83, SEQ ID NO: 84, SEQ ID NO: 85, or SEQ ID NO: 86, (7) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 87, SEQ ID NO: 88, SEQ ID NO: 89, SEQ ID NO: 90, or SEQ ID NO: 91, (8) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 8, SEQ ID NO: 92, SEQ ID NO: 93, SEQ ID NO: 94, SEQ ID NO: 95, or SEQ ID NO: 96, (9) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 10,SEQ ID NO: 100, SEQ ID NO: 101, SEQ ID NO: 102, SEQ ID NO: 103, or SEQ ID NO: 104, (10) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 11 or SEQ ID NO: 105, (11) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 12, SEQ ID NO: 106, SEQ ID NO: 107, SEQ ID NO: 108, or SEQ ID NO: 109, (12) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 13 or SEQ ID NO: 110, (13) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 14, SEQ ID NO: 111, SEQ ID NO: 112, SEQ ID NO: 113, or SEQ ID NO: 114, (14) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 15, SEQ ID NO: 115, or SEQ ID NO: 116, (15) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 16, SEQ ID NO: 117, SEQ ID NO: 118, SEQ ID NO: 119, or SEQ ID NO: 120, (16) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 17, SEQ ID NO: 121, SEQ ID NO: 122, SEQ ID NO: 123, or SEQ ID NO: 124, (17) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 18 or SEQ ID NO: 125, (18) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 19, SEQ ID NO: 126, SEQ ID NO: 127, SEQ ID NO: 128, SEQ ID NO: 129, SEQ ID NO: 130, or SEQ ID NO: 131, (19) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 20 or SEQ ID NO: 132, (20) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 21 or SEQ ID NO: 133, (21) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 22 or SEQ ID NO: 134, and (22) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 23, SEQ ID NO: 135, SEQ ID NO: 136, SEQ ID NO: 137, SEQ ID NO: 138, SEQ ID NO: 139, SEQ ID NO: 140, SEQ ID NO: 141, SEQ ID NO: 142, SEQ ID NO: 143, SEQ ID NO: 144, SEQ ID NO: 145, SEQ ID NO: 146, SEQ ID NO: 147, or SEQ ID NO: 148; (h) (1) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 61, SEQ ID NO: 62, SEQ ID NO: 63, SEQ ID NO: 64, or SEQ ID NO: 65, (2) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 66, SEQ ID NO: 67, SEQ ID NO: 68, SEQ ID NO: 69, or SEQ ID NO: 70, (3) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 3, SEQ ID NO: 71, SEQ ID NO: 72, or SEQ ID NO: 73, (4) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO: 74, SEQ ID NO: 75, SEQ ID NO: 76, SEQ ID NO: 77, or SEQ ID NO: 78, (5) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 5, SEQ ID NO: 79, SEQ ID NO: 80, or SEQ ID NO: 81, (6) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 82, SEQ ID NO: 83, SEQ ID NO: 84, SEQ ID NO: 85, or SEQ ID NO: 86, (7) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 87, SEQ ID NO: 88, SEQ ID NO: 89, SEQ ID NO: 90, or SEQ ID NO: 91, (8) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 8, SEQ ID NO: 92, SEQ ID NO: 93, SEQ ID NO: 94, SEQ ID NO: 95, or SEQ ID NO: 96, (9) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 9, SEQ ID NO: 97, SEQ ID NO: 98, or SEQ ID NO: 99, (10) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 10, SEQ ID NO: 100, SEQ ID NO: 101, SEQ ID NO: 102, SEQ ID NO: 103, or SEQ ID NO: 104, (11) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ IDNO: 12, SEQ ID NO: 106, SEQ ID NO: 107, SEQ ID NO: 108, or SEQ ID NO: 109, (12) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 25, SEQ ID NO: 50, SEQ ID NO: 51, SEQ ID NO: 52, SEQ ID NO: 53, SEQ ID NO: 54, SEQ ID NO: 55, SEQ ID NO: 56, SEQ ID NO: 57, SEQ ID NO: 58, SEQ ID NO: 59, SEQ ID NO: 60, SEQ ID NO: 152, SEQ ID NO: 153, SEQ ID NO: 154, SEQ ID NO: 155, SEQ ID NO: 156, or SEQ ID NO: 157, and (13) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 26, SEQ ID NO: 158, SEQ ID NO: 159, SEQ ID NO: 160, SEQ ID NO: 161, SEQ ID NO: 162, or SEQ ID NO: 163; (i) (1) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 61, SEQ ID NO: 62, SEQ ID NO: 63, SEQ ID NO: 64, or SEQ ID NO: 65, (2) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 66, SEQ ID NO: 67, SEQ ID NO: 68, SEQ ID NO: 69, or SEQ ID NO: 70, (3) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 3, SEQ ID NO: 71, SEQ ID NO: 72, or SEQ ID NO: 73, (4) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO: 74, SEQ ID NO: 75, SEQ ID NO: 76, SEQ ID NO: 77, or SEQ ID NO: 78, (5) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 5, SEQ ID NO: 79, SEQ ID NO: 80, or SEQ ID NO: 81, (6) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 82, SEQ ID NO: 83, SEQ ID NO: 84, SEQ ID NO: 85, or SEQ ID NO: 86, (7) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 87, SEQ ID NO: 88, SEQ ID NO: 89, SEQ ID NO: 90, or SEQ ID NO: 91, (8) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 8, SEQ ID NO: 92, SEQ ID NO: 93, SEQ ID NO: 94, SEQ ID NO: 95, or SEQ ID NO: 96, (9) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 10, SEQ ID NO: 100, SEQ ID NO: 101, SEQ ID NO: 102, SEQ ID NO: 103, or SEQ ID NO: 104, (10) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 11 or SEQ ID NO: 105, (11) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 12, SEQ ID NO: 106, SEQ ID NO: 107, SEQ ID NO: 108, or SEQ ID NO: 109, (12) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 13 or SEQ ID NO: 110, (13) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 14, SEQ ID NO: 111, SEQ ID NO: 112, SEQ ID NO: 113, or SEQ ID NO: 114, (14) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 15, SEQ ID NO: 115, or SEQ ID NO: 116, (15) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 26, SEQ ID NO: 158, SEQ ID NO: 159, SEQ ID NO: 160, SEQ ID NO: 161, SEQ ID NO: 162, or SEQ ID NO: 163, and (16) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 27 or SEQ ID NO: 164; (j) (1) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 61, SEQ ID NO: 62, SEQ ID NO: 63, SEQ ID NO: 64, or SEQ ID NO: 65, (2) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 66, SEQ ID NO: 67, SEQ ID NO: 68, SEQ ID NO: 69, or SEQ ID NO: 70, (3) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 3, SEQ ID NO: 71, SEQ ID NO: 72, or SEQ ID NO: 73, (4) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO:74, SEQ ID NO: 75, SEQ ID NO: 76, SEQ ID NO: 77, or SEQ ID NO: 78, (5) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 5, SEQ ID NO: 79, SEQ ID NO: 80, or SEQ ID NO: 81, (6) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 82, SEQ ID NO: 83, SEQ ID NO: 84, SEQ ID NO: 85, or SEQ ID NO: 86, (7) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 87, SEQ ID NO: 88, SEQ ID NO: 89, SEQ ID NO: 90, or SEQ ID NO: 91, (8) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 8, SEQ ID NO: 92, SEQ ID NO: 93, SEQ ID NO: 94, SEQ ID NO: 95, or SEQ ID NO: 96, (9) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 10, SEQ ID NO: 100, SEQ ID NO: 101, SEQ ID NO: 102, SEQ ID NO: 103, or SEQ ID NO: 104, (10) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 11 or SEQ ID NO: 105, (11) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 12, SEQ ID NO: 106, SEQ ID NO: 107, SEQ ID NO: 108, or SEQ ID NO: 109, (12) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 13 or SEQ ID NO: 110, (13) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 14, SEQ ID NO: 111, SEQ ID NO: 112, SEQ ID NO: 113, or SEQ ID NO: 114, (14) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 15, SEQ ID NO: 115, or SEQ ID NO: 116, (15) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 16, SEQ ID NO: 117, SEQ ID NO: 118, SEQ ID NO: 119, or SEQ ID NO: 120, (16) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 28 or SEQ ID NO: 165, (17) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 24, SEQ ID NO: 149, SEQ ID NO: 150, or SEQ ID NO: 151, (18) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 26, SEQ ID NO: 158, SEQ ID NO: 159, SEQ ID NO: 160, SEQ ID NO: 161, SEQ ID NO: 162, or SEQ ID NO: 163, and (19) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 27 or SEQ ID NO: 164; (k) (1) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 61, SEQ ID NO: 62, SEQ ID NO: 63, SEQ ID NO: 64, or SEQ ID NO: 65, (2) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 66, SEQ ID NO: 67, SEQ ID NO: 68, SEQ ID NO: 69, or SEQ ID NO: 70, (3) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 3, SEQ ID NO: 71, SEQ ID NO: 72, or SEQ ID NO: 73, (4) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO: 74, SEQ ID NO: 75, SEQ ID NO: 76, SEQ ID NO: 77, or SEQ ID NO: 78, (5) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 5, SEQ ID NO: 79, SEQ ID NO: 80, or SEQ ID NO: 81, (6) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 82, SEQ ID NO: 83, SEQ ID NO: 84, SEQ ID NO: 85, or SEQ ID NO: 86, (7) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 87, SEQ ID NO: 88, SEQ ID NO: 89, SEQ ID NO: 90, or SEQ ID NO: 91, (8) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 8, SEQ ID NO: 92, SEQ ID NO: 93, SEQ ID NO: 94, SEQ ID NO: 95, or SEQ ID NO: 96, (9) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 10, SEQ ID NO: 100, SEQ ID NO: 101, SEQ ID NO: 102, SEQ ID NO: 103,or SEQ ID NO: 104, (10) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 11 or SEQ ID NO: 105, (11) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 12, SEQ ID NO: 106, SEQ ID NO: 107, SEQ ID NO: 108, or SEQ ID NO: 109, (12) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 13 or SEQ ID NO: 110, and (13) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 15, SEQ ID NO: 115, or SEQ ID NO: 116; (1) (1) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 61, SEQ ID NO: 62, SEQ ID NO: 63, SEQ ID NO: 64, or SEQ ID NO: 65, (2) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 66, SEQ ID NO: 67, SEQ ID NO: 68, SEQ ID NO: 69, or SEQ ID NO: 70, (3) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 3, SEQ ID NO: 71, SEQ ID NO: 72, or SEQ ID NO: 73, (4) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO: 74, SEQ ID NO: 75, SEQ ID NO: 76, SEQ ID NO: 77, or SEQ ID NO: 78, (5) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 5, SEQ ID NO: 79, SEQ ID NO: 80, or SEQ ID NO: 81, (6) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 82, SEQ ID NO: 83, SEQ ID NO: 84, SEQ ID NO: 85, or SEQ ID NO: 86, (7) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 87, SEQ ID NO: 88, SEQ ID NO: 89, SEQ ID NO: 90, or SEQ ID NO: 91, (8) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 8, SEQ ID NO: 92, SEQ ID NO: 93, SEQ ID NO: 94, SEQ ID NO: 95, or SEQ ID NO: 96, (9) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 10, SEQ ID NO: 100, SEQ ID NO: 101, SEQ ID NO: 102, SEQ ID NO: 103, or SEQ ID NO: 104, (10) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 11 or SEQ ID NO: 105, (11) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 12, SEQ ID NO: 106, SEQ ID NO: 107, SEQ ID NO: 108, or SEQ ID NO: 109, (12) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 13 or SEQ ID NO: 110, (13) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 14, SEQ ID NO: 111, SEQ ID NO: 112, SEQ ID NO: 113, or SEQ ID NO: 114, (14) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 15, SEQ ID NO: 115, or SEQ ID NO: 116, (15) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 16, SEQ ID NO: 117, SEQ ID NO: 118, SEQ ID NO: 119, or SEQ ID NO: 120, (16) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 17, SEQ ID NO: 121, SEQ ID NO: 122, SEQ ID NO: 123, or SEQ ID NO: 124, (17) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 21 or SEQ ID NO: 133, (18) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 22 or SEQ ID NO: 134, and (19) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 23, SEQ ID NO: 135, SEQ ID NO: 136, SEQ ID NO: 137, SEQ ID NO: 138, SEQ ID NO: 139, SEQ ID NO: 140, SEQ ID NO: 141, SEQ ID NO: 142, SEQ ID NO: 143, SEQ ID NO: 144, SEQ ID NO: 145, SEQ ID NO: 146, SEQ ID NO: 147, or SEQ ID NO: 148; or (m) (1) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 61, SEQ ID NO: 62, SEQ ID NO: 63, SEQ ID NO: 64, or SEQ ID NO: 65, (2) the 16S rDNA sequenceset forth in SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 66, SEQ ID NO: 67, SEQ ID NO: 68, SEQ ID NO: 69, or SEQ ID NO: 70, (3) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 3, SEQ ID NO: 71, SEQ ID NO: 72, or SEQ ID NO: 73, (4) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 29, SEQ ID NO: 32, SEQ ID NO: 33, SEQ ID NO: 34, SEQ ID NO: 35, SEQ ID NO: 36, or SEQ ID NO: 37, (5) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 5, SEQ ID NO: 79, SEQ ID NO: 80, or SEQ ID NO: 81, (6) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 82, SEQ ID NO: 83, SEQ ID NO: 84, SEQ ID NO: 85, or SEQ ID NO: 86, (7) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 87, SEQ ID NO: 88, SEQ ID NO: 89, SEQ ID NO: 90, or SEQ ID NO: 91, (8) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 8, SEQ ID NO: 92, SEQ ID NO: 93, SEQ ID NO: 94, SEQ ID NO: 95, or SEQ ID NO: 96, (9) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 9, SEQ ID NO: 97, SEQ ID NO: 98, or SEQ ID NO: 99, (10) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 10, SEQ ID NO: 100, SEQ ID NO: 101, SEQ ID NO: 102, SEQ ID NO: 103, or SEQ ID NO: 104, (11) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 12, SEQ ID NO: 106, SEQ ID NO: 107, SEQ ID NO: 108, or SEQ ID NO: 109, (12) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 14, SEQ ID NO: 111, SEQ ID NO: 112, SEQ ID NO: 113, or SEQ ID NO: 114, (13) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 25, SEQ ID NO: 50, SEQ ID NO: 51, SEQ ID NO: 52, SEQ ID NO: 53, SEQ ID NO: 54, SEQ ID NO: 55, SEQ ID NO: 56, SEQ ID NO: 57, SEQ ID NO: 58, SEQ ID NO: 59, SEQ ID NO: 60, SEQ ID NO: 152, SEQ ID NO: 153, SEQ ID NO: 154, SEQ ID NO: 155, SEQ ID NO: 156, or SEQ ID NO: 157, (14) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 26, SEQ ID NO: 158, SEQ ID NO: 159, SEQ ID NO: 160, SEQ ID NO: 161, SEQ ID NO: 162, or SEQ ID NO: 163, (15) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 30, SEQ ID NO: 38, SEQ ID NO: 39, SEQ ID NO: 40, SEQ ID NO: 41, SEQ ID NO: 42, SEQ ID NO: 43, SEQ ID NO: 44, SEQ ID NO: 166, SEQ ID NO: 167, SEQ ID NO: 168, SEQ ID NO: 169, SEQ ID NO: 170, SEQ ID NO: 171, or SEQ ID NO: 172, and (16) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 31, SEQ ID NO: 45, SEQ ID NO: 46, SEQ ID NO: 47, SEQ ID NO: 48, SEQ ID NO: 49, SEQ ID NO: 173, SEQ ID NO: 174, SEQ ID NO: 175, SEQ ID NO: 176, or SEQ ID NO: 177.

[0026] For any of the methods provided herein, in some aspects, after the administration, a colonization of a pathogenic microorganism is reduced or prevented within the gastrointestinal tract of the subject. In some aspects, after the administration, an abundance of a pathogenic microorganism is reduced within the gastrointestinal tract of the subject. In some aspects, the pathogenic microorganism comprises Enterococcus faecium (e.g., vancomycin-resistant),Enterococcus spp., Klebsiella pneumonia (e.g., carbapenem-resistant), E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter spp., Enterococcus faecalis, Klebsiella oxytoca, Klebsiella aerogenes, Streptococcus spp., or combinations thereof.

[0027] For any of the methods provided herein, in some aspects, the plurality of bacteria further comprises an additional species of bacteria which has one or more features selected from:(I) capable of engrafting (long-term and / or transient) when administered to a subject, (2) capable of having anti-inflammatory activity (e.g., inhibiting TNFα -driven IL-8 secretion in epithelial cells in vitro, ability to down-modulate expression of inflammatory genes (e.g., CXCL1, CXCL2, CXCL3, CXCL11, ICAM1)), (3) not capable of inducing pro-inflammatory activity, (4) capable of producing a secondary bile acid (e.g., 7a-dehydroxylase and bile salt hydrolase activity), (5) capable of producing a tryptophan metabolite (e.g., indole, 3-methyl indole, indolepropionic acid), (6) capable of restoring and / or maintaining epithelial integrity (e.g., as determined by a primary epithelial cell monolayer barrier integrity assay), (7) capable of producing a short-chain fatty acid (e.g., butyrate, propionate), (8) capable of inhibiting a HD AC activity, (9) capable of producing a medium-chain fatty acid (e.g., valerate, hexanoate), (10) capable of expressing catalase activity,(I I) capable of having alpha-fucosidase activity, (12) capable of producing a B vitamin (e.g., thiamin (Bl) and / or pyridoxamine (B6)), (13) capable of reducing fecal calprotectin level, (14) not capable of activating a toll-like receptor pathway (e.g., TLR4 or TLR5), (15) capable of activating a toll-like receptor pathway (e.g., TLR2), (16) capable of restoring colonization resistance, (17) capable of a broad range of carbon source utilization; (18) capable of reducing VRE pathogen carriage, (19) capable of reducing CRE pathogen carriage, (20) capable of reducing E. coli pathogen carriage, (21) capable of reducing expression of claudin-2, (22) capable of being associated with the healthy human gut microbiota, (23) capable of not being associated with toxin and hemolysin genes associated with Clostridial pathogens and no significant cytopathic effects in vitro, (24) susceptible to multiple clinically relevant antibiotics, (25) capable of not being associated with genes that are both likely responsible for the observed antibiotic resistances and transmissible, (26) capable of inhibiting epithelial cell apoptosis, (27) capable of down-modulating one or more genes induced in IFN-γ treated colonic organoids (e.g., those associated with inflammatory chemokine signaling, NF-ΚB signaling, TNF family signaling, type I interferon signaling, type II interferon signaling, TLR signaling, lymphocyte trafficking, Th17 cell differentiation, Th1 differentiation, Th2 differentiation, apoptosis, inflammasomes, autophagy, oxidative stress, MHC class I and II antigen presentation, complement, mTor, nod-like receptorsignaling, PI3K signaling, or combinations thereof), (28) capable of reducing the expression of one or more inhibitory receptors (e.g., TIGIT, TIM-3, or LAG-3) on CD8+ T cells, (29) capable of increasing expression of one or more genes / proteins associated with CD8+ T cell activation and / or function (e.g., CD45RO, CD69, IL-24, TNF-α, perforin, or IFN-γ), (30) capable of enhancing and / or improving the tolerance of chemotherapeutic agents, (31) capable of enhancing the efficacy of an immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy, (32) capable of promoting the recruitment of CD8+ T cells to tumors, (33) capable of inducing an anti-inflammatory IL-10-skewed IL-10 / IL-6 cytokine ratio in macrophages, (34) capable of inducing less inflammatory responses but similar pathogen defense responses in macrophages than a donor-derived spore-based composition (i.e., a sporebased composition), (35) capable of increasing the amount of anti-inflammatory mediators in (e.g., IL-1 receptor antagonists (IL-IRA), IL-4, IL-10, IL-11, IL-13, TGF-β), (36) capable of reducing colonic inflammation, (37) capable of treating and / or preventing a disease or disorder, such as those associated with dysbiosis of a gastrointestinal tract, (38) capable of increasing the diversity of the gastrointestinal microbiome in a subject, (39) capable of improving mucosal and / or epithelial barrier integrity in a subject compared to a reference control (e.g., untreated patients or the subject prior to treatment), (40) capable of promoting mucosal healing, (41) capable of reducing incidence of infection, (42) capable of reducing the need for antibiotics in a subject, (43) capable of reducing the abundance of a biomarker of infection in the stool of a subject, (44) capable of increasing the abundance of a biomarker of an administered species in the stool of a subject, (45) capable of targeted delivery of most (e.g., 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, 99.5%, 99.6%, 99.7%, 99.8%, or 99.9% of the administered species relative to the number of colony forming units administered) or all of the administered species to the intestines of the subject (e.g., through encapsulation, or through coating one or more components of a dosage form with an enteric polymer), (46) capable of a therapeutic benefit following a single administration of a composition or pharmaceutical composition described herein to a subject, (47) capable of coadministration with an additional agent described herein, without substantially decreasing the therapeutic benefit of the administered species, (48) capable of coadministration with a carrier or excipient described herein, without substantially decreasing the therapeutic benefit of the administered species, (49) capable of lactulose utilization, (50) comprising a lantibiotic operon, (51) capable of being associated with reduced abundance in patients with a liver disease (e.g., cirrhosis), or (52) any combination thereof.

[0028] In some aspects, each of the plurality of bacteria are capable of forming a spore. In some aspects, each of the plurality of bacteria are in a spore form. In some aspects, each of the plurality of bacteria are not vegetative cells. In some aspects, the composition further comprises a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient. In some aspects, the composition is administered to the subject orally. In some aspects, the method further comprises administering an additional agent to the subject. In some aspects, the additional agent is administered concurrently or sequentially with the composition. In some aspects, the additional agent comprises a standard of care. In some aspects, the the standard of care comprises lactulose, rifaximin, or both.

[0029] Some aspects of the present disclosure relates to a composition comprising a plurality of bacteria, wherein the plurality of bacteria comprises a first species of bacteria and a second species of bacteria, wherein the first species and the second species are not the same, and wherein the first species and the second species are not the same, and wherein the first species and the second species are independently selected from Anaerotruncus colihominis, Blautia coccoides. Blautia hominis. Blautia obeum. Blautia wexlerae, Butyricicoccus sp2, Clostridium aldenense, Clostridium bolleae, Clostridium innocuum. Clostridium scindens, Clostridium symbiosum, Dorea longicatena, Eisenbergiella tayi, Emergencia limonensis, Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, Eubacterium callanderi. Faecalicatena corlorla, Faecalicatena orolica, Flavonifractor plautii, Hungatella effluvii, Intestinimonas butyr iciproducens, Intestinimonas massiliensis. Lactonifactor longoviformis, Lawsonibacter sp7,Massilimaliae limonensis. Murimonas inleslini, Niameybacter spl, Ruminococcaceae NG13 sp6, or Turicibacter sanguinis.

[0030] Some aspects of the present disclosure relates to a composition comprising a plurality of bacteria, wherein the plurality of bacteria comprises a first species of bacteria and a second species of bacteria, wherein the first species and the second species are not the same, and wherein the first species and the second species are not the same, and wherein the first species and the second species are independently selected from Clostridium innocuum, Clostridium bolleae, Flavonifractor plautii, Blautia coccoides, Anaerotruncus colihominis, Murimonas intestini, Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, Faecalicatena orotica, Clostridium aldenense, ox Eisenbergiella tayi.

[0031] For any of the compositions provided herein, in some aspects, the plurality of bacteria further comprises Emergencia timonensis. In some aspects, the the plurality of bacteria further comprises Intestinimonas butyr iciproducens, Clostridium symbiosum, Clostridium scindens, and / or Emergencia timonensis. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria furthercomprises Faecalicatena cortorta and / or Lactonifactor longoviformis . In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria further comprises Massilimaliae limonensis. Hungatella effluvii. and / or Butyricicoccus sp2. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria further comprises Intestinimonas massiliensis. Niameybacter spi, and / or Turicibacter sanguinis. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria further comprises Ruminococcaceae NG 13 sp6. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria further comprises Dorea longicatena. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria further comprises Blautia obeum. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria further comprises Lawsonibacter sp7. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria further comprises Blautia hominis. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria further comprises Blautia wexlerae. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria further comprises Eubacterium callanderi.

[0032] Some aspects of the present disclosure relates to a composition comprising a plurality of bacteria, wherein the plurality of bacteria comprises a first species of bacteria and a second species of bacteria, wherein the first species and the second species are not the same, and wherein the first species and the second species are not the same, and wherein the first species and the second species independently comprise a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in any one of SEQ ID NO: 5, SEQ ID NO: 79, SEQ ID NO: 80, or SEQ ID NO: 81, SEQ ID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO: 74, SEQ ID NO: 75, SEQ ID NO: 76, SEQ ID NO: 77, SEQ ID NO: 78, SEQ ID NO: 26, SEQ ID NO: 158, SEQ ID NO: 159, SEQ ID NO: 160, SEQ ID NO: 161, SEQ ID NO: 162, SEQ ID NO: 163, SEQ ID NO: 20, SEQ ID NO: 132, SEQ ID NO: 10, SEQ ID NO: 100, SEQ ID NO: 101, SEQ ID NO: 10266, SEQ ID NO: 10367, SEQ ID NO: 10468, SEQ ID NO: 69, SEQ ID NO: 70, SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 61, SEQ ID NO: 62, SEQ ID NO: 63, SEQ ID NO: 64, SEQ ID NO: 65, SEQ ID NO: 14, SEQ ID NO: 111, SEQ ID NO: 112, SEQ ID NO: 113, SEQ ID NO: 114, SEQ ID NO: 13, SEQ ID NO: 110, SEQ ID NO: 25, SEQ ID NO: 50, SEQ ID NO: 51, SEQ ID NO: 52, SEQ ID NO: 53, SEQ ID NO: 54, SEQ ID NO: 55, SEQ ID NO: 56, SEQ ID NO: 57, SEQ ID NO: 58, SEQ ID NO: 59, SEQ ID NO: 60, SEQ ID NO: 152, SEQ ID NO: 153, SEQ ID NO: 154, SEQ ID NO: 155, SEQ ID NO: 156, SEQ ID NO: 157, SEQ ID NO: 12, SEQ ID NO: 106, SEQ ID NO: 107, SEQ ID NO: 108, SEQ ID NO: 109, SEQ ID NO: 9, SEQ ID NO: 97, SEQ ID NO: 98, SEQ ID NO: 99, SEQ ID NO: 15, SEQ ID NO: 115, SEQ ID NO: 116, SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 87, SEQ ID NO: 88, SEQ ID NO: 89, SEQ ID NO: 90, SEQ ID NO: 91, SEQ ID NO: 16, SEQ ID NO: 117, SEQ ID NO: 118, SEQ ID NO: 119, SEQ ID NO: 120, SEQ ID NO: 8, SEQ ID NO: 92, SEQ ID NO: 93, SEQ ID NO: 94, SEQID NO: 95, or SEQ ID NO: 96, SEQ ID NO: 3, SEQ ID NO: 71, SEQ ID NO: 72, or SEQ ID NO: 73, SEQ ID NO: 19, SEQ ID NO: 126, SEQ ID NO: 127, SEQ ID NO: 128, SEQ ID NO: 129, SEQ ID NO: 130, SEQ ID NO: 131, SEQ ID NO: 11, SEQ ID NO: 105, SEQ ID NO: 21, SEQ ID NO: 133, SEQ ID NO: 17, SEQ ID NO: 121, SEQ ID NO: 122, SEQ ID NO: 123, SEQ ID NO: 124, SEQ ID NO: 28, SEQ ID NO: 165, SEQ ID NO: 27, SEQ ID NO: 164, SEQ ID NO: 18, SEQ ID NO: 125, SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 82, SEQ ID NO: 83, SEQ ID NO: 84, SEQ ID NO: 85, SEQ ID NO: 86, SEQ ID NO: 22, SEQ ID NO: 134, SEQ ID NO: 24, SEQ ID NO: 149, SEQ ID NO: 150, SEQ ID NO: 151, SEQ ID NO: 23, SEQ ID NO: 135, SEQ ID NO: 136, SEQ ID NO: 137, SEQ ID NO: 138, SEQ ID NO: 139, SEQ ID NO: 140, SEQ ID NO: 141, SEQ ID NO: 142, SEQ ID NO: 143, SEQ ID NO: 144, SEQ ID NO: 145, SEQ ID NO: 146, SEQ ID NO: 147, SEQ ID NO: 148, SEQ ID NO: 29, SEQ ID NO: 32, SEQ ID NO: 33, SEQ ID NO: 34, SEQ ID NO: 35, SEQ ID NO: 36, or SEQ ID NO: 37, SEQ ID NO: 30, SEQ ID NO: 38, SEQ ID NO: 39, SEQ ID NO: 40, SEQ ID NO: 41, SEQ ID NO: 42, SEQ ID NO: 43, SEQ ID NO: 44, SEQ ID NO: 166, SEQ ID NO: 167, SEQ ID NO: 168, SEQ ID NO: 169, SEQ ID NO: 170, SEQ ID NO: 171, SEQ ID NO: 172, SEQ ID NO: 31, SEQ ID NO: 45, SEQ ID NO: 46, SEQ ID NO: 47, SEQ ID NO: 48, SEQ ID NO: 49, SEQ ID NO: 173, SEQ ID NO: 174, SEQ ID NO: 175, SEQ ID NO: 176, or SEQ ID NO: 177.

[0033] Some aspects ofo the present disclosure relates to a composition comprising a plurality of bacteria, wherein the plurality of bacteria comprises a first species of bacteria and a second species of bacteria, wherein the first species and the second species are not the same, and wherein the first species and the second species are not the same, and wherein the first species and / or the second species comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in any one of SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 61, SEQ ID NO: 62, SEQ ID NO: 63, SEQ ID NO: 64, SEQ ID NO: 65, SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 66, SEQ ID NO: 67, SEQ ID NO: 68, SEQ ID NO: 69, SEQ ID NO: 70, SEQ ID NO: 3, SEQ ID NO: 71, SEQ ID NO: 72, SEQ ID NO: 73, SEQ ID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO: 74, SEQ ID NO: 75, SEQ ID NO: 76, SEQ ID NO: 77, SEQ ID NO: 78, SEQ ID NO: 5, SEQ ID NO: 79, SEQ ID NO: 80, SEQ ID NO: 81, SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 82, SEQ ID NO: 83, SEQ ID NO: 84, SEQ ID NO: 85, SEQ ID NO: 86, SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 87, SEQ ID NO: 88, SEQ ID NO: 89, SEQ ID NO: 90, SEQ ID NO: 91, SEQ ID NO: 8, SEQ ID NO: 92, SEQ ID NO: 10093, SEQ ID NO: 10194, SEQ ID NO: 102, SEQ IDNO: 103, SEQ ID NO: 10495, SEQ ID NO: 96, SEQ ID NO: 10, or SEQ ID NO: 12, SEQ ID NO: 106, SEQ ID NO: 107, SEQ ID NO: 108, or SEQ ID NO: 109.

[0034] In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria further comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 9, SEQ ID NO: 97, SEQ ID NO: 98, or SEQ ID NO: 99. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria further comprises: (a) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 11 or SEQ ID NO: 105, (b) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 13 or SEQ ID NO: 110, (c) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 14, SEQ ID NO: 111, SEQ ID NO: 112, SEQ ID NO: 113, or SEQ ID NO: 114, and / or (d) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 15, SEQ ID NO: 115, or SEQ ID NO: 116.

[0035] In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria further comprises: (a) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 16, SEQ ID NO: 117, SEQ ID NO: 118, SEQ ID NO: 119, or SEQ ID NO: 120, and / or (b) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 17, SEQ ID NO: 121, SEQ ID NO: 122, SEQ ID NO: 123, SEQ ID NO: 124, SEQ ID NO: 28, or SEQ ID NO: 165. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria further comprises: (a) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 18 or SEQ ID NO: 125, (b) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 19, SEQ ID NO: 126, SEQ ID NO: 127, SEQ ID NO: 128, SEQ ID NO: 129, SEQ ID NO: 130, or SEQ ID NO: 131, and / or (c) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 20 or SEQ ID NO: 132. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria further comprises: (a) a 16S rDNA sequencethat has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 21 or SEQ ID NO: 133, (b) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 22 or SEQ ID NO: 134, and / or (c) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 23, SEQ ID NO: 135, SEQ ID NO: 136, SEQ ID NO: 137, SEQ ID NO: 138, SEQ ID NO: 139, SEQ ID NO: 140, SEQ ID NO: 141, SEQ ID NO: 142, SEQ ID NO: 143, SEQ ID NO: 144, SEQ ID NO: 145, SEQ ID NO: 146, SEQ ID NO: 147, or SEQ ID NO: 148. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria further comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 24, SEQ ID NO: 149, SEQ ID NO: 150, or SEQ ID NO: 151. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria further comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 25, SEQ ID NO: 50, SEQ ID NO: 51, SEQ ID NO: 52, SEQ ID NO: 53, SEQ ID NO: 54, SEQ ID NO: 55, SEQ ID NO: 56, SEQ ID NO: 57, SEQ ID NO: 58, SEQ ID NO: 59, SEQ ID NO: 60, SEQ ID NO: 152, SEQ ID NO: 153, SEQ ID NO: 154, SEQ ID NO: 155, SEQ ID NO: 156, or SEQ ID NO: 157. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria further comprises: (a) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 18 or SEQ ID NO: 125, (b) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 19, SEQ ID NO: 126, SEQ ID NO: 127, SEQ ID NO: 128, SEQ ID NO: 129, SEQ ID NO: 130, or SEQ ID NO: 131, and / or (c) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 20 or SEQ ID NO: 132. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria further comprises: (a) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 21 or SEQ ID NO: 133, (b) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 22 or SEQ ID NO: 134, and / or (c) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at leastabout 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 23, SEQ ID NO: 135, SEQ ID NO: 136, SEQ ID NO: 137, SEQ ID NO: 138, SEQ ID NO: 139, SEQ ID NO: 140, SEQ ID NO: 141, SEQ ID NO: 142, SEQ ID NO: 143, SEQ ID NO: 144, SEQ ID NO: 145, SEQ ID NO: 146, SEQ ID NO: 147, or SEQ ID NO: 148. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria further comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 24, SEQ ID NO: 149, SEQ ID NO: 150, or SEQ ID NO: 151. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria further comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 25, SEQ ID NO: 50, SEQ ID NO: 51, SEQ ID NO: 52, SEQ ID NO: 53, SEQ ID NO: 54, SEQ ID NO: 55, SEQ ID NO: 56, SEQ ID NO: 57, SEQ ID NO: 58, SEQ ID NO: 59, SEQ ID NO: 60, SEQ ID NO: 152, SEQ ID NO: 153, SEQ ID NO: 154, SEQ ID NO: 155, SEQ ID NO: 156, or SEQ ID NO: 157. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria further comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 26, SEQ ID NO: 158, SEQ ID NO: 159, SEQ ID NO: 160, SEQ ID NO: 161, SEQ ID NO: 162, or SEQ ID NO: 163. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria further comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 27 or SEQ ID NO: 164. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria further comprises: (a) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in any one of SEQ ID NO: 29, SEQ ID NO: 32, SEQ ID NO: 33, SEQ ID NO: 34, SEQ ID NO: 35, SEQ ID NO: 36, or SEQ ID NO: 37; (b) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in any one of SEQ ID NO: 30, SEQ ID NO: 38, SEQ ID NO: 39, SEQ ID NO: 40, SEQ ID NO: 41, SEQ ID NO: 42, SEQ ID NO: 43, SEQ ID NO: 44, SEQ ID NO: 166, SEQ ID NO: 167, SEQ ID NO: 168, SEQ ID NO: 169, SEQ ID NO: 170, SEQ ID NO: 171, or SEQ ID NO: 172; and / or (c) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in any one of SEQ ID NO: 31, SEQ ID NO: 45, SEQ ID NO: 46, SEQ ID NO: 47, SEQ ID NO: 48, SEQ ID NO: 49, SEQ ID NO: 173, SEQ ID NO: 174, SEQ ID NO: 175, SEQ ID NO: 176, or SEQ ID NO: 177.

[0036] For any of the compositions provided herein, in some aspects, the plurality of bacteria further comprises an additional species of bacteria which has one or more features selected from: (1) capable of engrafting (long-term and / or transient) when administered to a subject, (2) capable of having anti-inflammatory activity (e.g., inhibiting TNF-α-driven IL-8 secretion in epithelial cells in vitro, ability to down-modulate expression of inflammatory genes (e.g., CXCL1, CXCL2, CXCL3, CXCL11, ICAM1)), (3) not capable of inducing pro-inflammatory activity, (4) capable of producing a secondary bile acid (e.g., 7α-dehydroxylase and bile salt hydrolase activity), (5) capable of producing a tryptophan metabolite (e.g., indole, 3-methyl indole, indolepropionic acid), (6) capable of restoring and / or maintaining epithelial integrity (e.g., as determined by a primary epithelial cell monolayer barrier integrity assay), (7) capable of producing a short-chain fatty acid (e.g., butyrate, propionate), (8) capable of inhibiting a HD AC activity, (9) capable of producing a medium-chain fatty acid (e.g., valerate, hexanoate), (10) capable of expressing catalase activity, (11) capable of having alpha-fucosidase activity, (12) capable of producing a B vitamin (e.g., thiamin (Bl) and / or pyridoxamine (B6)), (13) capable of reducing fecal calprotectin level, (14) not capable of activating a toll-like receptor pathway (e.g., TLR4 or TLR5), (15) capable of activating a toll-like receptor pathway (e.g., TLR2), (16) capable of restoring colonization resistance, (17) capable of a broad range of carbon source utilization; (18) capable of reducing VRE pathogen carriage, (19) capable of reducing CRE pathogen carriage, (20) capable of reducing E. coli pathogen carriage, (21) capable of reducing expression of claudin-2, (22) capable of being associated with the healthy human gut microbiota, (23) capable of not being associated with toxin and hemolysin genes associated with Clostridial pathogens and no significant cytopathic effects in vitro, (24) susceptible to multiple clinically relevant antibiotics, (25) capable of not being associated with genes that are both likely responsible for the observed antibiotic resistances and transmissible, (26) capable of inhibiting epithelial cell apoptosis, (27) capable of down-modulating one or more genes induced in IFN-γ treated colonic organoids (e.g., those associated with inflammatory chemokine signaling, NF-KB signaling, TNF family signaling, type I interferon signaling, type II interferon signaling, TLR signaling, lymphocyte trafficking, Th 17 cell differentiation, Thl differentiation, Th2 differentiation, apoptosis, inflammasomes, autophagy, oxidative stress, MHC class I and II antigen presentation, complement, mTor, nod-like receptor signaling, PI3K signaling, or combinations thereof), (28) capable of reducing the expression of one or more inhibitory receptors (e.g., TIGIT, TIM-3, or LAG-3) on CD8+ T cells, (29) capable of increasing expression of one or more genes / proteins associated with CD8+ T cell activation and / orfunction (e.g., CD45RO, CD69, IL-24, TNF-α, perforin, or IFN-γ), (30) capable of enhancing enhacing and / or improving the tolerance of chemotherapeutic agents, (31) capable of enhancing the efficacy of an immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy, (32) capable of promoting the recruitment of CD8+ T cells to tumors, (33) capable of inducing an anti-inflammatory IL-10-skewed IL-10 / IL- 6 cytokine ratio in macrophages, (34) capable of inducing less inflammatory responses but similar pathogen defense responses in macrophages than a donor-derived spore-based composition (i.e., a spore-based composition), (35) capable of increasing the amount of anti-inflammatory mediators in (e.g., IL-1 receptor antagonists (IL-IRA), IL-4, IL-10, IL-11, IL-13, TGF-β), (36) capable of reducing colonic inflammation, (37) capable of treating and / or preventing a disease or disorder, such as those associated with dysbiosis of a gastrointestinal tract, (38) capable of increasing the diversity of the gastrointestinal microbiome in a subject, (39) capable of improving mucosal and / or epithelial barrier integrity in a subject compared to a reference control (e.g., untreated patients or the subject prior to treatment), (40) capable of promoting mucosal healing, (41) capable of reducing incidence of infection, (42) capable of reducing the need for antibiotics in a subject, (43) capable of reducing the abundance of a biomarker of infection in the stool of a subject, (44) capable of increasing the abundance of a biomarker of an administered species in the stool of a subject, (45) capable of targeted delivery of most (e.g., 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, 99.5%, 99.6%, 99.7%, 99.8%, or 99.9% of the administered species relative to the number of colony forming units administered) or all of the administered species to the intestines of the subject (e.g., through encapsulation, or through coating one or more components of a dosage form with an enteric polymer), (46) capable of a therapeutic benefit following a single administration of a composition or pharmaceutical composition described herein to a subject, (47) capable of coadministration with an additional agent described herein, without substantially decreasing the therapeutic benefit of the administered species, (48) capable of coadministration with a carrier or excipient described herein, without substantially decreasing the therapeutic benefit of the administered species, (49) capable of lactulose utilization, (50) comprising a lantibiotic operon, (51) capable of being associated with reduced abundance in patients with liver disease (e.g., cirrhosis), or (52) any combination thereof.

[0037] For any of the compositions provided herein, in some aspects, each of the plurality of bacteria are capable of forming a spore. In some aspects, each of the plurality of bacteria are in a spore form. In some aspects, the composition further comprises a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS / FIGURES

[0038] FIG. 1 provides a table listing exemplary designed bacterial compositions described herein. SEQ ID NOs for the 16S sequences of the bacterial species present in the different designed bacterial compositions are provided. "0" indicates that the bacterial species is not included; " 1" indicates that the bacterial species is included in the given bacterial composition. Bacterial species that are part of the strain core and R groups are also indicated.

[0039] FIGs. 2A-2I show the ability of different bacterial compositions to decolonize or reduce the abundance of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE) and carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) in a mouse model. FIG. 2A provides a schematic of the experimental design. As shown, the animals were infected with either VRE or CRE and then treated with one of the following: (1) PBS, (2) DEI, (3) DE2, (4) DE3, (5) DE4, (6) DE5.1, (7) DE6, and (8) fecal microbial transplant (FMT). Naive animals (ie., no pathogen infection and no treatment) were used as control. FIG. 2B provides a comparison of VRE titer over a course of 21 days post VRE challenge. FIG. 2C provides a comparison of CRE titer over a course of 21 days post CRE challenge. In FIGs. 2B and 2C, VRE titer and CRE titer are shown as colony-forming units (CFU) / g feces. "LOD" refers to the limit of detection. FIGs. 2D-2F show engraftment of different bacterial species present in DE2 (FIG. 2D), DE3 (FIG. 2E), and DE5.1 (FIG. 2F) after administration into mice infected with CRE. FIGs. 2G-2I show engraftment of different bacterial species present in DE2 (FIG. 2G), DE3 (FIG. 2H), and DE5.1 (FIG. 21) after administration into mice infected with VRE.

[0040] FIGs. 3A-3C show the ability of different bacterial compositions to decolonize or reduce the abundance of three pathogens (i.e. , carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae, extended spectrum beta-lactamase+ Escherichia coli, and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus) in a mouse model. After pathogen challenge (between days 4-9), the mice were treated with one of the following: (1) PBS, (2) DE3, (3) DE7, (4) DE10, (5) DE9, and (6) DE8. FIG. 3A provides a comparison of CRE titer over a course of 21 days post CRE challenge. FIG. 3B provides a comparison of ESBL + E. coli (EC) titer over a course of 21 days post EC challenge. FIG. 3C provides a comparison of VRE titer over a course of 21 days post VRE challenge. Pathogen titer is shown as colony-forming units (CFU) / g.

[0041] FIGs. 4A-4C show the ability of different bacterial compositions to decolonize or reduce the abundance of three pathogens (i.e., carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae, vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus, and carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli) in an in vitro gutecology model (iGEM). Cr-Kpn (FIG. 4A), VRE (FIG. 4B), or Cr-E. coli (FIG. 4C) were added prior (day 4) to vancomycin pretreatment and Cr-Kpn (FIG. 4A) or VRE (FIG. 4B) were added (day 6) again during vancomycin pretreatment. Test bacterial compositions ((i.e., DE3, DE5.1, DE7, DE9, DE 10, DE2 or FMTFMT) were added over 7 days starting one day after the end of vancomycin treatment (day 10-16) (microbiome intervention). Pathogen load was measured by scoring CFUs (colony forming units) on pathogen-selective plates.

[0042] FIGs. 5A-5G5G show the ability of the DE2 bacterial composition to decolonize or reduce the abundance of three pathogens (i.e., carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae, vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus, and carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coll) in an in vitro gut ecology model (iGEM). Cr-Kpn (FIG. 5A), VRE (FIG. 5B5B), or Cr-E. coli (FIG. 5C) were added prior (day 4) to vancomycin pretreatment and VRE (FIG. 5B5B) was added (day 6) again during vancomycin pretreatment. Bacterial compositions DE2 was added over 5 days starting one day after the end of vancomycin treatment (day 10-14). Pathogen load was measured by scoring CFUs (colony forming units) on pathogen-selective plates.

[0043] FIG. 5G shows the ability of DE3 and DE5.2 bacterial compositions to reduce the abundance of Cr-E. coli compared to spore preparation and FMT in iGEM. Cr-E. coli was added prior (day 4) to vancomycin pretreatment. Bacterial compositions, spore preparation, and FMT were added over 5 days starting one day after the end of vancomycin treatment (day 10-14). Pathogen load was measured by scoring CFUs (colony forming units) on pathogen-selective plates.

[0044] FIGs. 6A-6B providesprovides the average concentration of secondary bile acid produced in culture for DE2, DE3, DE8, DE 10, DE9, DE7, and FCMA.BA. FIG. 6A provides the average concentrations for the following bile acids: 12-ketolithocholic acid, 3 -oxocholic acid, cholic acid, deoxycholic acid, glycocholic acid, ketodeoxychlic acid like, taurocholic acid, and ursocholic acid. FIG. 6B provides the average concentrations for the following bile acids: 3- oxochenodeoxycholic acid, chenodeoxycholic acid, glycochendeoxycholic acid, isolithocholic acid, lithocholic acid, taurochendeoxycjolic acid, ursodeoxycholic acid, and z-ketolithocholic acid- like 3.

[0045] FIGs. 7A-7B show the effects of DE5.2 (FIG. 7A) and DE11 (FIG. 7B) on carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumonia (Cr-Kpn) decolonization in a mouse model. After pathogen challenge (between days 4-9), the mice were treated with either PBS ((control) or one of the tested bacterial compositions (i.e., DE5.2 in FIG. 7A and DEI 1 in FIG. 7B). The effect on Cr-Kpn decolonization is shown as pathogenpathogen titer over a course of 21 days post pathogenpathogen challenge. Pathogen titer is shown as colony-forming units (CFU) / g feces.

[0046] FIGs. 8A-8B show the effects of DE5.2 (FIG. 8A) and DE11 (FIG. 8B) on vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE) decolonization. After pathogen challenge (between days 2-7), the mice were treated with either PBS ((control) or one of the tested bacterial compositions (i.e. , DE5.2 in FIG. 8A and DE11 in FIG. 8B). TheThe effect on VRE decolonization is shown as VRE titer over a course of 21 days post VRE challenge. VRE titer is shown as colony -forming units (CFU) / g feces.

[0047] FIG. 9 shows a schematic of and in vitro IFN-y induced epithelial barrier damage assay using ALTIS REPLIGUT® System.

[0048] FIGs. 10A-10B show thethe effect of the following bacterial compositions to protect against IFN-γ induced barrier damage: DE3, DE5.2 , DE9, DE10, and DE2. Relative fluorescent units (RFU) were measured. The effect is shown as relative fluorescent units (RFU) of lucifer yellow fluorescence for IFN-y alone compared to the DE culture supernatants tested.

[0049] FIGs. 11A-11 show the ability of bacterial spore preparation to decolonize or reduce the abundance of three pathogens (i.e., carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae, extended spectrum beta-lactamase+ Escherichia coli, and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus) in a mouse model. After pathogen challenge, the mice were treated with one of the following: (1) PBS, (2) bacterial spore preparation. FIG. 11A provides a comparison of CRE titer over a course of 21 days post CRE challenge. FIG. 11B provides a comparison of ESBL + E. coli (EC) titer over a course of 21 days post EC challenge. FIG. 11C provides a comparison of VRE titer over a course of 21 days post VRE challenge. Pathogen titer is shown as colony-forming units (CFU) / g fecesDETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DISCLOSURE

[0050] Provided herein are methods of treating a disease or disorder (e.g., treating an infection complication due to chronic liver disease, cancer neutropenia, and / or a disease or disorder associated with solid organ transplantation) in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering to the subject a bacterial composition that have been specifically designed to comprise certain plurality of commensal bacteria. As further described herein, the plurality of commensal bacteria exhibit certain properties (e.g., those disclosed herein) that are useful in reducing or preventing the colonization (i.e. , promoting decolonization) and / or reducing the abundance of certain microbialpathogens within the gastrointestinal tract of the subject. Additional aspects are provided throughout the present disclosure.

[0051] To facilitate an understanding of the disclosure disclosed herein, a number of terms and phrases are defined. Additional definitions are set forth throughout the detailed description.I. Definitions

[0052] It is to be noted that the term "a" or "an" entity refers to one or more of that entity; for example, "a bacterial composition," is understood to represent one or more bacterial compositions. As such, the terms "a" (or "an"), "one or more," and "at least one" can be used interchangeably herein.

[0053] Furthermore, "and / or" where used herein is to be taken as specific disclosure of each of the two specified features or components with or without the other. Thus, the term "and / or" as used in a phrase such as "A and / or B" herein is intended to include "A and B," "A or B," "A" (alone), and "B" (alone). Likewise, the term "and / or" as used in a phrase such as "A, B, and / or C" is intended to encompass each of the following aspects: A, B, and C; A, B, or C; A or C; A or B; B or C; A and C; A and B; B and C; A (alone); B (alone); and C (alone).

[0054] It is understood that wherever aspects are described herein with the language "comprising," otherwise analogous aspects described in terms of "consisting of" and / or "consisting essentially of' are also provided. As used herein, "comprising" is synonymous with "including," "containing," or "characterized by," and is inclusive or open-ended and does not exclude additional, unrecited elements or method steps. As used herein, "consisting of" excludes any element, step, or ingredient not specified in the claim element. As used herein, "consisting essentially of" does not exclude materials or steps that do not materially affect the basic and novel characteristics of the claim.

[0055] Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure is related.

[0056] Units, prefixes, and symbols are denoted in their Systeme International de Unites (SI) accepted form. Numeric ranges are inclusive of the numbers defining the range. Unless otherwise indicated, nucleotide sequences are written left to right in 5' to 3' orientation. Amino acid sequences are written left to right in amino to carboxy orientation. The headings provided herein are not limitations of the various aspects of the disclosure, which can be had by reference to thespecification as a whole. Accordingly, the terms defined immediately below are more fully defined by reference to the specification in its entirety.

[0057] The term "at least" prior to a number or series of numbers is understood to include the number adjacent to the term "at least," and all subsequent numbers or integers that could logically be included, as clear from context. For example, the number of nucleotides in a nucleic acid molecule must be an integer. For example, "at least 18 nucleotides of a 21-nucleotide nucleic acid molecule" means that 18, 19, 20, or 21 nucleotides have the indicated property. When at least is present before a series of numbers or a range, it is understood that "at least" can modify each of the numbers in the series or range. "At least" is also not limited to integers (e.g., "at least 5%" includes 5.0%, 5.1%, 5.18% without consideration of the number of significant figures.

[0058] As used herein, the term "approximately" or "about," as applied to one or more values of interest, refers to a value that is similar to a stated reference value and within a range of values that fall within 25%, 20%, 19%, 18%, 17%, 16%, 15%, 14%, 13%, 12%, 11%, 10%, 9%, 8%, 7%, 6%, 5%, 4%, 3%, 2%, 1%, or less in either direction (greater than or less than) of the stated reference value unless otherwise stated or otherwise evident from the context (except where such number would exceed 100% of a possible value). When the term "approximately" or "about" is applied herein to a particular value, the value without the term "approximately" or "about is also disclosed herein.

[0059] As described herein, any concentration range, percentage range, ratio range, or integer range is to be understood to include the value of any integer within the recited range and, when appropriate, fractions thereof (such as one tenth and one hundredth of an integer), unless otherwise indicated.

[0060] The terms "treat," "treating," and "treatment," as used herein, refer to any type of intervention or process performed on, or administering an active agent (e.g., any of the bacterial compositions provided herein) to a subject with the objective of reversing, alleviating, ameliorating, inhibiting, preventing, or slowing down the progression, development, severity or recurrence of a symptom, complication, condition or biochemical indicia associated with a disease or condition described herein (e.g., chronic liver disease, neutropenia, and / or disease or disorder associated with a solid organ transplantation). As used herein, the terms "treat," "treating," and "treatment" refer to the administration of an effective dose or effective dosage. As further described herein, in some aspects, treating a disease or disorder described herein comprisesreducing or preventing an incidence of an infection in a subject suffering from the disease or disorder.

[0061] The terms "prevent," "preventing," and "prevention," as used herein, refer to partially or completely delaying onset of a disease or disorder described herein; partially or completely delaying onset of one or more symptoms, features, or clinical manifestations of a disease or disorder described herein; partially or completely delaying onset of one or more symptoms, features, or manifestations of a disease or disorder described herein; partially or completely delaying progression of a disease or disorder described herein; and / or decreasing the risk of developing pathology associated with a disease or disorder described herein. In some aspects, any of the bacterial compositions provided herein can help prevent the incidence of an infection in a subject suffering from a disease or disorder provided herein. As further described herein, in some aspects, by preventing the incidence of an infection, a bacterial composition provided herein can help treat the disease or disorder in the subject.

[0062] The term "microbiota" refers to the ecological community of microorganisms that occur (sustainably or transiently) in and on an animal subject, typically a mammal such as a human, including eukaryotes, archaea, bacteria, and viruses (including bacterial viruses ie., phage).

[0063] The term "microbiome" refers to the genetic content of the communities of microbes that live in and on the human body, both sustainably and transiently, including eukaryotes, archaea, bacteria, and viruses (including bacterial viruses (i.e. , phage)), wherein "genetic content" includes genomic DNA, RNA such as ribosomal RNA, the epigenome, plasmids, and all other types of genetic information.

[0064] The term "ecological niche" or "niche" refers to the ecological space in which an organism or group of organisms occupies. Niche describes how an organism or population or organisms responds to the distribution of resources, physical parameters (e.g., host tissue space) and competitors (e.g., by growing when resources are abundant, and when predators, parasites and pathogens are scarce) and how it in turn alters those same factors (e.g., limiting access to resources by other organisms, acting as a food source for predators and a consumer of prey).

[0065] The term "dysbiosis" refers to a state of the microbiota of the GI tract or other body area in a subject, including mucosal or skin surfaces in which the normal diversity and / or function of the ecological network is disrupted. This unhealthy state can be due to a decrease in diversity, the overgrowth of one or more pathogens or pathobionts, symbiotic organisms able to cause disease only when certain genetic and / or environmental conditions are present in a subject, or the shift toan ecological microbial network that no longer provides an essential function to the host subject, and therefore no longer promotes health. As described herein, in some aspects, a disease or disorder that can be treated with the present disclosure (e.g., chronic liver disease, neutropenia, and / or a disease or disorder associated with a solid organ transplantation) can be associated with a dysbiosis.

[0066] As used herein, the term "operational taxonomic units" or "OTU" (or plural, "OTUs") refers to a terminal leaf in a phylogenetic tree and is defined by a nucleic acid sequence, e.g., the entire genome, or a specific genetic sequence, and all sequences that share sequence identity to this nucleic acid sequence at the level of species. In some embodiments the specific genetic sequence can be the 16S rDNA sequence or a portion of the 16S rDNA sequence. In some aspects, the entire genomes of two entities are sequenced and compared. In some aspects, select regions such as multilocus sequence tags (MLST), specific genes, or sets of genes can be genetically compared. In some aspects, OTUs that share ^97% average nucleotide identity across the entire 16S or a variable region of the 16S rDNA, e.g., a V4 region, are considered the same OTU (see, e.g., Claesson M J, Wang Q, O'Sullivan O, Greene-Diniz R, Cole J R, Ros R P, and O'Toole P W. 2010). Comparison of two next-generation sequencing technologies for resolving highly complex microbiome composition using tandem variable 16S rRNA gene regions. Nucleic Acids Res 38: e200. Konstantinidis K T, Ramette A, and Tiedje J M. 2006. The bacterial species definition in the genomic era. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 361 : 1929-1940). Where the complete genome is involved, MLSTs, specific genes, or sets of genes OTUs that share ^95% average nucleotide identity are considered the same OTU (see, e.g., Achtman M, and Wagner M. 2008. Microbial diversity and the genetic nature of microbial species. Nat. Rev. Microbiol. 6: 431- 440. Konstantinidis K T, Ramette A, and Tiedje J M. 2006. The bacterial species definition in the genomic era. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 361 : 1929-1940.). OTUs are frequently defined by comparing sequences between organisms. Generally, sequences with less than 95% sequence identity are not considered to form part of the same OTU. In some cases, an OTU is characterized by a combination of nucleotide markers, genes, and / or single nucleotide variants (SNVs). In some aspects, the referenced genes are highly conserved genes (e.g., "house-keeping" genes). The features defining an OTU can be a combination of the foregoing. Such characterization employs, e.g., WGS data or a whole genome sequence. Where the OTUs are the same, the OTUs will generally share common functial features.

[0067] As used herein, the term "phylogenetic tree" refers to a graphical representation of the evolutionary relationships of one genetic sequence to another that is generated using a definedset of phylogenetic reconstruction algorithms (e.g., parsimony, maximum likelihood, or Bayesian). Nodes in the tree represent distinct ancestral sequences and the confidence of any node is provided by a bootstrap or Bayesian posterior probability, which measures branch uncertainty.

[0068] Identification of and reference to bacterial species described herein can be found throughout the present disclosure, including the Figures / Drawings, Tables, and Sequence Listing. Where a taxonomic name is used or referenced for a specific bacterium, it is understood that the bacterium may have previously had a different taxonomic name(s) and that one of skill in the art would have resources available to identify and associate previous taxonomic names with those described herein, as used in the art, or both. Such resources include, but are not limited to, Bergey ’ s Manual of Systematics of Archea and Bacteria (1stEd.); Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology (2ndEd.); the online version available at onlinelibrary. wiley. com / doi / book / 10.1002 / 9781118960608; and the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) database available online atwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov / taxonomy.

[0069] As used herein, the terms "subject," "individual," and "patient" can be used interchangeably and refer to any animal subject including humans, laboratory animals (e.g., primates, rats, mice), livestock (e.g., cows, sheep, goats, pigs, turkeys, and chickens), and household pets (e.g., dogs, cats, and rodents).

[0070] The "colonization" of a host organism includes the non-transitory residence of a bacterium or other microscopic organism. In the case of treatment, the host is generally referred to herein as a "subject", typically a human or other mammal. As used herein, "reducing colonization" or "inhibiting colonization" of a host subject's gastrointestinal tract (or any other microbiotal niche) by a pathogenic bacterium includes a reduction in the residence time of the pathogen in the gastrointestinal tract as well as a reduction in the number (or concentration) of the pathogen in the gastrointestinal tract or adhered to the luminal surface of the gastrointestinal tract. Measuring reductions of adherent pathogens can be demonstrated, e.g., by a biopsy sample, or reductions can be measured indirectly, e.g., by measuring the pathogenic burden in the stool of a mammalian host.

[0071] As used herein, the term "inhibit" (or grammatical variants thereof) comprises both complete inhibition and partial inhibition.

[0072] As used herein, the term "plurality of bacteria" refer to a combination of two or more bacteria. A "combination" of two or more bacteria includes the physical co-existence of thetwo bacteria, either in the same material or product or in physically connected products, as well as the temporal co-administration or co-localization of the two bacteria.

[0073] For nucleic acids, the term "substantial homology" indicates that two nucleic acids, or designated sequences thereof, when optimally aligned and compared, are identical, with appropriate nucleotide insertions or deletions, in at least about 80% of the nucleotides, at least about 90% to 95%, or at least about 98% to 99.5% of the nucleotides. In some aspects, two nucleic acids (e.g., 16S rDNA sequences) share substantial homology if they have a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 95.5%, at least about 96%, at least about 96.5%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.1%, at least about 99.2%, at least about 99.3%, at least about 99.4%, at least about 99.5%, at least about 99.6%, at least about 99.7%, at least about 99.8%, or at least about 99.9%. In some aspects, bacteria which share substantial homology in their 16S rDNA sequence can be considered to be the same species. In some aspects, bacteria that are the same species share one or more functional properties (e.g., described herein). Alternatively, substantial homology exists when the segments will hybridize under selective hybridization conditions, to the complement of the strand.

[0074] For polypeptides, the term "substantial homology" indicates that two polypeptides, or designated sequences thereof, when optimally aligned and compared, are identical, with appropriate amino acid insertions or deletions, in at least about 80% of the amino acids, at least about 90% to 95%, or at least about 98% to 99.5% of the amino acids.

[0075] The percent identity between two sequences is a function of the number of identical positions shared by the sequences (i.e., % homology = # of identical positions / total # of positions x 100), taking into account the number of gaps, and the length of each gap, which need to be introduced for optimal alignment of the two sequences. The comparison of sequences and determination of percent identity between two sequences can be accomplished using a mathematical algorithm, as described in the non-limiting examples below.

[0076] The percent identity between two nucleotide sequences can be determined using the GAP program in the GCG software package (available at worldwideweb.gcg.com), using a NWSgapdna.CMP matrix and a gap weight of 40, 50, 60, 70, or 80 and a length weight of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6. The percent identity between two nucleotide or amino acid sequences can also be determined using the algorithm of E. Meyers and W. Miller (CABIOS, 4: 11-17 (1989)) which has been incorporated into the ALIGN program (version 2.0), using a PAM120 weight residue table, a gap length penalty of 12 and a gap penalty of 4. In addition, the percent identity between two aminoacid sequences can be determined using the Needleman and Wunsch (J. Mol. Biol. (48):444-453 (1970)) algorithm which has been incorporated into the GAP program in the GCG software package (available at worldwideweb.gcg.com), using either a Blossum 62 matrix or a PAM250 matrix, and a gap weight of 16, 14, 12, 10, 8, 6, or 4 and a length weight of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6.

[0077] The nucleic acid and protein sequences described herein can further be used as a "query sequence" to perform a search against public databases to, for example, identify related sequences. Such searches can be performed using the NBLAST and XBLAST programs (version 2.0) of Altschul, et al. (1990) J. Mol. Biol. 215:403-10. BLAST nucleotide searches can be performed with the NBLAST program, score = 100, wordlength = 12 to obtain nucleotide sequences homologous to the nucleic acid molecules described herein. BLAST protein searches can be performed with the XBLAST program, score = 50, wordlength = 3 to obtain amino acid sequences homologous to the protein molecules described herein. To obtain gapped alignments for comparison purposes, Gapped BLAST can be utilized as described in Altschul et al., (1997) Nucleic Acids Res. 25(17):3389-3402. When utilizing BLAST and Gapped BLAST programs, the default parameters of the respective programs (e.g., XBLAST and NBLAST) can be used. See worldwideweb.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Other methods of determining identity that are known in the art can be used.

[0078] As used herein, the terms "ug" and "uM" are used interchangeably with "pg" and "pM," respectively.IL Bacterial (Microbiome) Compositions

[0079] Some aspects of the present disclosure relates to compositions comprising a plurality of bacteria ("bacterial compositions"), including one or more OTUs or species of bacteria, that are useful for treating and / or preventing a wide-range of diseases and disorders (e.g., those described herein). Unless indicated otherwise, the plurality of bacteria can comprise any suitable bacteria that are useful for treating and / or preventing the diseases and disorders described herein. For example, in some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises bacteria directly derived from feces of healthy humans or bacteria fermented from culture ("cultured bacteria"), including a biologically pure culture. As used herein, "bacteria directly derived from feces" (or equivalent thereof) of a healthy human subject refers to bacteria that have not been cultured. Accordingly, in some aspects, a bacterial composition provided herein comprises a plurality of bacteria, wherein each of the plurality of bacteria is directly derived from human feces (e.g., of a healthy human subject). In some aspects, a bacterial composition provided herein comprises a plurality of bacteria,wherein each of the plurality of bacteria has been cultured. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises a mixture of bacteria directly derived from feces of a healthy human subject and cultured bacteria. In some aspects, a plurality of bacteria useful for the present disclosure comprises spores, vegetative cells, or both. Accordingly, in some aspects, a bacterial composition provided herein comprises a plurality of bacteria, wherein one or more of the plurality of bacteria are in a spore form. In some aspects, a bacterial composition provided herein comprises a plurality of bacteria, wherein each of the plurality of bacteria are in a spore form. In some aspects, such a bacterial composition does not comprise any vegetative cells. In some aspects, a bacterial composition provided herein comprises a pluraity of bacteria, wherein one or more of the plurality of bacteria are in a vegetative form. In some aspects, a bacterial composition provided comprises a plurality of bacteria, wherein one or more of the plurality of bacteria are in a spore form and one or more of the plurality of bacteria are in a vegetative form.

[0080] Non-limiting examples of bacteria that are useful for the present disclosure include those that exhibit one or more of the following features: one or more features selected from: (1) capable of engrafting (long-term and / or transient) when administered to a subject, (2) capable of having anti-inflammatory activity (e.g., inhibiting TNF-α-driven IL-8 secretion in epithelial cells in vitro, ability to down-modulate expression of inflammatory genes (e.g., CXCL1, CXCL2, CXCL3, CXCL11, ICAM1)), (3) not capable of inducing pro-inflammatory activity, (4) capable of producing a secondary bile acid (e.g., 7a-dehydroxylase and bile salt hydrolase activity), (5) capable of producing a tryptophan metabolite (e.g., indole, 3-methyl indole, indolepropionic acid), (6) capable of restoring and / or maintaining epithelial integrity (e.g., as determined by a primary epithelial cell monolayer barrier integrity assay), (7) capable of producing a short-chain fatty acid (e.g., butyrate, propionate), (8) capable of inhibiting a HD AC activity, (9) capable of producing a medium-chain fatty acid (e.g., valerate, hexanoate), (10) capable of expressing catalase activity, (11) capable of having alpha-fucosidase activity, (12) capable of producing a B vitamin (e.g., thiamin (Bl) and / or pyridoxamine (B6)), (13) capable of reducing fecal calprotectin level, (14) not capable of activating a toll-like receptor pathway (e.g., TLR4 or TLR5), (15) capable of activating a toll-like receptor pathway (e.g., TLR2), (16) capable of restoring colonization resistance, (17) capable of a broad range of carbon source utilization; (18) capable of reducing VRE pathogen carriage, (19) capable of reducing CRE pathogen carriage, (20) capable of reducing E. coli pathogen carriage, (21) capable of reducing expression of claudin-2, (22) capable of being associated with the healthy human gut microbiota, (23) capable of not being associated with toxinand hemolysin genes associated with Clostridial pathogens and no significant cytopathic effects in vitro, (24) susceptible to multiple clinically relevant antibiotics, (25) capable of not being associated with genes that are both likely responsible for the observed antibiotic resistances and transmissible, (26) capable of inhibiting epithelial cell apoptosis, (27) capable of down-modulating one or more genes induced in IFN-γ treated colonic organoids (e.g., those associated with inflammatory chemokine signaling, NF-KB signaling, TNF family signaling, type I interferon signaling, type II interferon signaling, TLR signaling, lymphocyte trafficking, Th 17 cell differentiation, Thl differentiation, Th2 differentiation, apoptosis, inflammasomes, autophagy, oxidative stress, MHC class I and II antigen presentation, complement, mTor, nod-like receptor signaling, PI3K signaling, or combinations thereof), (28) capable of reducing the expression of one or more inhibitory receptors (e.g., TIGIT, TIM-3, or LAG-3) on CD8+ T cells, (29) capable of increasing expression of one or more genes / proteins associated with CD8+ T cell activation and / or function (e.g., CD45RO, CD69, IL-24, TNF-α, perforin, or IFN-γ), (30) capable of enhacing and / or improving the tolerance of chemotherapeutic agents, (31) capable of enhancing the efficacy of an immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy, (32) capable of promoting the recruitment of CD8+ T cells to tumors, (33) capable of inducing an anti-inflammatory IL-10-skewed IL-10 / IL-6 cytokine ratio in macrophages, (34) capable of inducing less inflammatory responses but similar pathogen defense responses in macrophages than a donor-derived spore-based composition (i.e., a spore- based composition), (35) capable of increasing the amount of anti-inflammatory mediators in (e.g., IL-1 receptor antagonists (IL-IRA), IL-4, IL-10, IL-11, IL-13, TGF-β), (36) capable of reducing colonic inflammation, (37) capable of treating and / or preventing a disease or disorder, such as those associated with dysbiosis of a gastrointestinal tract, (38) capable of increasing the diversity of the gastrointestinal microbiome in a subject, (39) capable of improving mucosal and / or epithelial barrier integrity in a subject compared to a reference control (e.g., untreated patients or the subject prior to treatment), (40) capable of promoting mucosal healing, (41) capable of reducing incidence of infection, (42) capable of reducing the need for antibiotics in a subject, (43) capable of reducing the abundance of a biomarker of infection in the stool of a subject, (44) capable of increasing the abundance of a biomarker of an administered species in the stool of a subject, (45) capable of targeted delivery of most (e.g., 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, 99.5%, 99.6%, 99.7%, 99.8%, or 99.9% of the administered species relative to the number of colony forming units administered) or all of the administered species to the intestines of the subject (e.g., through encapsulation, or through coating one or more components of a dosage form with anenteric polymer), (46) capable of a therapeutic benefit following a single administration of a composition or pharmaceutical composition described herein to a subject, (47) capable of coadministration with an additional agent described herein, without substantially decreasing the therapeutic benefit of the administered species, (48) capable of coadministration with a carrier or excipient described herein, without substantially decreasing the therapeutic benefit of the administered species, (49) capable of lactulose utilization, (50) comprising a lantibiotic operon, (51) capable of being associated with reduced abundance in patients with a liver disease (e.g., cirrhosis), or (52) any combination thereof.

[0081] As is apparent from the present disclosure, where the plurality of bacteria comprises one or more bacterial species that exhibit one or more of the above-described features, in some aspects, the plurality of bacteria also exhibit the one or more of the above-described features. Accordingly, in some aspects, a bacterial composition provided herein comprises a pluralilty of bacteria which exhibit one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, or all of the features described above. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria exhibits one of the features provided above. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria exhibits two of the features provided above. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria exhibits three of the features provided above. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria exhibits three of the features provided above. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria exhibits four of the features provided above. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria exhibits five of the features provided above. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria exhibits six of the features provided above. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria exhibits seven of the features provided above. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria exhibits eight of the features provided above. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria exhibits nine of the features provided above. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria exhibits 10 of the features provided above. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria exhibits 11 of the features provided above. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria exhibits 12 of the features provided above. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria exhibits 13 of the features provided above. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria exhibits 14 of the features provided above. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria exhibits 15 of the features provided above. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria exhibits 16 of the features provided above. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria exhibits 17 of the features provided above. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria exhibits 18 of the features provided above. In some aspects, the plurality ofbacteria exhibits 19 of the features provided above. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria exhibits 20 of the features provided above. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria exhibits 21 of the features provided above. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria exhibits 22 of the features provided above. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria exhibits 23 of the features provided above. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria exhibits 24 of the features provided above. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria exhibits 25 of the features provided above. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria exhibits 26 of the features provided above. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria exhibits 27 of the features provided above. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria exhibits 28 of the features provided above. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria exhibits 29 of the features provided above. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria exhibits 30 of the features provided above. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria exhibits 31 of the features provided above. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria exhibits 32 of the features provided above. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria exhibits 33 of the features provided above. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria exhibits 34 of the features provided above. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria exhibits 35 of the features provided above. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria exhibits 36 of the features provided above. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria exhibits 37 of the features provided above. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria exhibits 38 of the features provided above. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria exhibits 39 of the features provided above. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria exhibits 40 of the features provided above. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria exhibits 41 of the features provided above. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria exhibits 42 of the features provided above. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria exhibits 43 of the features provided above. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria exhibits 44 of the features provided above. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria exhibits 45 of the features provided above. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria exhibits 46 of the features provided above. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria exhibits 47 of the features provided above. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria exhibits 48 of the features provided above. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria exhibits 49 of the features provided above. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria exhibits 50 of the features provided above. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria exhibits all of the features provided above. Bacterial compositions that have been constructed to specifically exhibit one or more of the features described above are also referred to herein as "designed composition" (DE) (or variants thereof). Non-limiting examples of designedcompositions are provided in FIG. 1. Compositions were designed with a set of core strains (i.e., strain core) and R-group supplements to optimize functions.

[0082] In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria were derived from cultivated consortia. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria were dervied donor-derived spore-preparations.

[0083] In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises a species of bacteria (also referred to herein as "bacterial species") that is capable of engrafting when administered to a subject. For example, in some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises a bacterial species that is capable of long-term engraftment when administered to a subject ("long-term engrafter"). In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises a bacterial species that is capable of transient engraftment when administered to a subject ("transient engrafter"). In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises both a long-term engrafter and a transient engrafter.

[0084] In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises a species of bacteria that is capable of having an anti-inflammatory activity. Non-limiting examples of such anti-inflammatory activities include: (a) inhibiting TNF-α-driven IL-8 secretion in epithelial cells in vitro, (b) ability to down-modulate expression of inflammatory genes (e.g., CXCL1, CXCL2, CXCL3, CXCL11, ICAM1), or (c) both (a) and (b). Accordingly, in some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises a bacterial species that is capable of inhibiting TNF-α-driven IL-8 secretion in epithelial cells in vitro. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises a bacterial species that is capable of down-modulating the expression of one or more inflammatory genes. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises both a bacterial species that is capable of inhibiting TNF-α-driven IL-8 secretion in epithelial cells in vitro and a bacterial species that is capable of down-modulating the expression of one or more inflammatory genes. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises a bacterial species that is capable of both inhibiting TNF-α-driven IL-8 secretion in epithelial cells in vitro and down-modulating the expression of one or more inflammatory genes. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises a bacterial species that is not capable of inducing pro- inflammatory activity.

[0085] In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises a species of bacteria that is capable of producing a metabolite that is useful in treating a disease or disorder described herein. For example, in some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises a bacterial species that is capable of producing a secondary bile acid. Non-limiting examples of secondary bile acids include 7a- dehydroxylase and bile salt hydrolase activity. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises a bacterial species that is capable of producing a tryptophan metabolite. Non-limiting examples oftryptophan metabolites include: indole, 3-methyl indole, and indolepropionic acid. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises a bacterial species that is capable of producing a short-chain fatty acid. Non-limiting examples of short-chain fatty acids include butyrate and propionate. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises a bacterial species that is capable of producing a medium-chain fatty acid. Non-limiting examples of medium-chain fatty acids include valerate and hexanoate. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises a bacterial species is capable of producing a B vitamin. Non-limiting examples of B vitamins include: thiamin (Bl) and pyridoxamine (B6). Accordingly, in some aspects, a bacterial composition useful for the present disclosure comprises a plurality of bacteria, wherein the plurality of bacteria comprises one or more species of bacteria that are capable of producing: (a) a secondary bile acid, (b) a tryptophan metabolite, (c) a short-chain fatty acid, (d) a medium-chain fatty acid, (e) a B vitamin, or (f) any combination of (a) to (e).

[0086] In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises a bacterial species that is capable of restoring and / or maintaining epithelial integrity, e.g., as determined by a primary epithelial cell monolayer barrier integrity assay. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises a bacterial species that is capable of inhibiting a HDAC activity. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises a bacterial species that is capable of expressing catalase activity. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises a bacterial species that is capable of having alpha- fucosidase activity. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises a bacterial species that is capable of reducing fecal calprotectin level. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises a bacterial species that is not capable of activating a toll-like receptor pathway (e.g., TLR4 or TLR5). In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises a bacterial species that is capable of activating a toll-like receptor pathway (e.g., TLR2). In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises a bacterial species that is capable of restoring colonization resistance. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises a bacterial species that is capable of a broad range of carbon source utilization. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises a bacterial species that is capable of reducing VRE pathogen carriage. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises a bacterial species that is capable of reducing CRE (e.g., carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumonia) pathogen carriage. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises a bacteria species that is capable of reducing E. coli (e.g., carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli) pathogen clearance. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises a bacterial species that is capable of reducing expression of claudin-2. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises a bacterial species thatis capable of being associated with the healthy human gut microbiota. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises a bacterial species that is associated with reduced abundance in patients with a liver disease (e.g., cirrhosis). In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises a bacterial species that is capable of not being associated with toxin and hemolysin genes associated with Clostridial pathogens and no significant cytopathic effects in vitro. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises a bacterial species that is susceptible to multiple clinically relevant antibiotics. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises a bacterial species that is capable of not being associated with genes that are both likely responsible for the observed antibiotic resistances and transmissible. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises a bacterial species that is capable of inhibiting epithelial cell apoptosis. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises a bacterial species that is capable of down-modulating one or more genes induced in IFN-γ treated colonic organoids. Non-limiting examples of such genes include: those associated with inflammatory chemokine signaling, NF-KB signaling, TNF family signaling, type I interferon signaling, type II interferon signaling, TLR signaling, lymphocyte trafficking, Th 17 cell differentiation, Thl differentiation, Th2 differentiation, apoptosis, inflammasomes, autophagy, oxidative stress, MHC class I and II antigen presentation, complement, mTor, nod-like receptor signaling, PI3K signaling, or combinations thereof. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises a bacterial species that is capable of reducing the expression of one or more inhibitory receptors on CD8+ T cells. Non-limiting examples of inhibitor receptors include: TIGIT, TIM-3, and LAG-3. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises a bacterial species that is capable of increasing expression of one or more genes / proteins associated with CD8+ T cell activation and / or function. Non-limiting examples of such genes include: CD45RO, CD69, IL-24, TNF-α, perforin, and IFN-γ . In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria are capable of enhacing and / or improving the tolerance of chemotherapeutic agents (e.g., such as those that can cause and / or be associated with neutropenia). Non-limiting examples of such chemotherapeutic agents are provided elsewhere in the present application. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises a bacterial species that is capable of inducing an anti-inflammatory IL-10-skewed IL-10 / IL-6 cytokine ratio in macrophages. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises a bacterial species that is capable of inducing less inflammatory responses but similar pathogen defense responses in macrophages than a donor-derived spore-based composition (i.e., a spore-based composition). In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises a bacterial species that is capable of increasing the amount of anti-inflammatory mediators. Non-limiting examples of such anti-inflammatory mediators include: IL-1 receptor antagonists (IL-IRA), IL-4, IL-10, IL-11, IL-13, and TGF-p. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises a bacterial species that is capable of reducing colonic inflammation. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises a bacterial species that is capable of treating and / or preventing a disease or disorder, such as those associated with dysbiosis of a gastrointestinal tract. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises a bacterial species that is capable of increasing the diversity of the gastrointestinal microbiome in a subject. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises a bacterial species that is capable of improving mucosal and / or epithelial barrier integrity in a subject compared to a reference control (e.g., untreated patients or the subject prior to treatment). In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises a bacterial species that is capable of promoting mucosal healing. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises a bacterial species that is capable of reducing incidence of infection. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises a bacterial species that is capable of reducing the need for antibiotics in a subject. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises a bacterial species that is capable of reducing the abundance of a biomarker of infection in the stool of a subject. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises a bacterial species that is capable of increasing the abundance of a biomarker of an administered species in the stool of a subject. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises a bacterial species that is capable of targeted delivery of most (e.g., 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, 99.5%, 99.6%, 99.7%, 99.8%, or 99.9% of the administered species relative to the number of colony forming units administered) or all of the administered species to the intestines of the subject. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises a bacterial species that is capable of a therapeutic benefit following a single administration of a composition or pharmaceutical composition described herein to a subject. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises a bacterial species that is capable of coadministration with an additional agent described herein, without substantially decreasing the therapeutic benefit of the administered species. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises a bacterial species that is capable of coadministration with a carrier or excipient described herein, without substantially decreasing the therapeutic benefit of the administered species. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises a bacterial species that is capable of lactulose utilization. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises a bacterial species that comprise a lantibiotic operon. It will be apparent to those skilled in the arts that a bacterial species that comprises a lantibiotic operton could be capable of producing lantibiotic. Accordingly, in some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises a bacterial species that is capable of producing lantibiotic.

[0087] In some aspects, a bacterial composition useful for the present disclosure comprises a plurality of bacteria, wherein the plurality of bacteria comprise a first species of bacteria and a second species of bacteria, and wherein the first species and the second species are not the same. In some aspects, the first species of bacteria is selected from the following bacterial species: Anaerotruncus colihominis, Blautia coccoides (also referred to herein as "Blautia pseudococcoides"), Blautia hominis, Blautia obeum, Blautia wexlerae, Butyricicoccus sp2 (also referred to herein as "Intestinibacillus massiliensis"), Clostridium aldenense (also referred to herein as "Enterocloster aldenensis"), Clostridium bolteae (also referred to herein as " Enter ocloster bolteae"). Clostridium innocuum, Clostridium scindens, Clostridium symbiosum (also referred to herein as "Clostridium transplantifaecale"), Dorea longicatena, Eisenbergiella tayi (also referred to herein as "Eisenbergiella massiliensis"), Emergencia limonensis, Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum (also referred to herein as "Thomasclavelia ramosa"), Eubacterium callanderi, Faecalicatena cortorta, Faecalicatena orotica, Flavonifractor plautii, Hungatella effluvii (also referred to herein as "Hungatella hathewayi"), Intestinimonas butyr iciproducens, Intestinimonas massiliensis, Lactonifactor longoviformis, Lawsonibacter sp7 (also referred to herein as "Clostridium phoceensis"), Massilimaliae limonensis, Murimonas inleslini, Niameybacter spl (also referred to herein as "Niameybacter massiliensis"), Ruminococcaceae NG13 sp6 (also referred to herein as "Clostridium leptum"), or Turicibacter sanguinis. In some aspects, the second species of bacteria is selected from the following bacterial species: Anaerotruncus colihominis, Blautia coccoides, Blautia hominis, Blautia obeum, Blautia wexlerae, Butyricicoccus sp2, Clostridium aldenense, Clostridium bolteae, Clostridium innocuum, Clostridium scindens, Clostridium symbiosum, Dorea longicatena, Eisenbergiella tayi, Emergencia timonensis, Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, Eubacterium callanderi, Faecalicatena cortorta, Faecalicatena orotica, Flavonifractor plautii, Hungatella effluvii, Intestinimonas butyr iciproducens, Intestinimonas massiliensis, Lactonifactor longoviformis, Lawsonibacter sp7, Massilimaliae timonensis, Murimonas intestini, Niameybacter spl, Ruminococcaceae NG13 sp6, or Turicibacter sanguinis. In some aspects, both the first species and the second species are selected from: Anaerotruncus colihominis, Blautia coccoides, Blautia hominis, Blautia obeum, Blautia wexlerae, Butyricicoccus sp2, Clostridium aldenense, Clostridium bolteae, Clostridium innocuum, Clostridium scindens, Clostridium symbiosum, Dorea longicatena, Eisenbergiella tayi, Emergencia timonensis, Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, Eubacterium callanderi, Faecalicatena cortorta, Faecalicatena orotica, Flavonifractor plautii, Hungatella effluvii, Intestinimonasbutyr iciproducens, Intestinimonas massiliensis, Lactonifactor longoviformis, Lawsonibacter sp7, Massilimaliae timonensis, Murimonas inleslini, Niameybacter spl, Ruminococcaceae NG13 sp6, or Turicibacter sanguinis.

[0088] Accordingly, in some aspects, a bacterial composition provided herein comprises a plurality of bacteria, wherein the plurality of bacteria comprises one or more of the following: Clostridium innocuum, Clostridium bolleae. Flavonifractor plautii, Blautia coccoides, Anaerotruncus colihominis, Murimonas inleslini. Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, Faecalicatena orolica. Clostridium aldenense, or Eisenbergiella tayi. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises each of the following: Clostridium innocuum, Clostridium bolteae, Flavonifractor plautii, Blautia coccoides, Anaerotruncus colihominis, Murimonas intestini, Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, Faecalicatena orotica, Clostridium aldenense, and Eisenbergiella tayi.

[0089] In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria further comprises Emergencia timonensis. Accordingly, in some aspects, a bacterial composition useful for the present disclosure comprises a plurality of bacteria, which comprise Emergencia timonensis and one or more of the following: Clostridium innocuum, Clostridium bolteae, Flavonifractor plautii, Blautia coccoides, Anaerotruncus colihominis, Murimonas intestini, Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, Faecalicatena orotica, Clostridium aldenense, or Eisenbergiella tayi. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises each of the following: Emergencia timonensis, Clostridium innocuum, Clostridium bolteae, Flavonifractor plautii, Blautia coccoides, Anaerotruncus colihominis, Murimonas intestini, Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, Faecalicatena orotica, Clostridium aldenense, and Eisenbergiella tayi.

[0090] In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria further comprises Intestinimonas butyr iciproducens, Clostridium symbiosum, Clostridium scindens, or Emergencia timonensis. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises Intestinimonas butyr iciproducens, Clostridium symbiosum, Clostridium scindens, or Emergencia timonensis and one or more of the following: Intestinimonas butyr iciproducens and one or more of the following: Clostridium innocuum, Clostridium bolteae, Flavonifractor plautii, Blautia coccoides, Anaerotruncus colihominis, Murimonas intestini, Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, Faecalicatena orotica, Clostridium aldenense, ox Eisenbergiella tayi. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises each of the following: Intestinimonas butyr iciproducens, Clostridium symbiosum, Clostridium scindens, Emergencia timonensis, Clostridium innocuum, Clostridium bolteae, Flavonifractor plautii,Blautia coccoides, Anaerotruncus colihominis, Murimonas intestini, Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, Faecalicatena orotica, Clostridium aldenense, and Eisenbergiella tayi .

[0091] In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria further comprises Intestinimonas butyriciproducens . Accordingly, in some aspects, a bacterial composition comprises a plurality of bacteria, which comprises Intestinimonas butyriciproducens and one or more of the following: Clostridium innocuum, Clostridium bolteae, Flavonifractor plautii, Blautia coccoides, Anaerotruncus colihominis, Murimonas intestini, Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, Faecalicatena orotica, Clostridium aldenense, or Eisenbergiella tayi. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises each of the following: Intestinimonas butyriciproducens, Clostridium innocuum, Clostridium bolteae, Flavonifractor plautii, Blautia coccoides, Anaerotruncus colihominis, Murimonas intestini, Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, Faecalicatena orotica, Clostridium aldenense, and Eisenbergiella tayi.

[0092] In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria further comprises Clostridium symbiosum. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises Clostridium symbiosum and one or more of the following: Clostridium innocuum, Clostridium bolteae, Flavonifractor plautii, Blautia coccoides, Anaerotruncus colihominis, Murimonas intestini, Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, Faecalicatena orotica, Clostridium aldenense, or Eisenbergiella tayi. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises each of the following: Clostridium symbiosum, Clostridium innocuum, Clostridium bolteae, Flavonifractor plautii, Blautia coccoides, Anaerotruncus colihominis, Murimonas intestini, Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, Faecalicatena orotica, Clostridium aldenense, and Eisenbergiella tayi.

[0093] In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria further comprises Clostridium scindens. Accordingly, in some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises Clostridium scindens and one or more of the following: Clostridium innocuum, Clostridium bolteae, Flavonifractor plautii, Blautia coccoides, Anaerotruncus colihominis, Murimonas intestini, Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, Faecalicatena orotica, Clostridium aldenense, o Eisenbergiella tayi. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprise each of the following: Clostridium scindens, Clostridium innocuum, Clostridium bolteae, Flavonifractor plautii, Blautia coccoides, Anaerotruncus colihominis, Murimonas intestini, Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, Faecalicatena orotica, Clostridium aldenense, and Eisenbergiella tayi

[0094] In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria further comprises Faecalicatena cortortaox Lactonifactor longoviformis.. Accordingly, in some aspects, the plurality of bacteriacomprises Faecalicatena cortorta or Lactonifactor longoviformis and one or more of the following: Clostridium innocuum, Clostridium bolteae, Flavonifr actor plautii, Blautia coccoides, Anaerotruncus colihominis, Murimonas intestini, Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, Faecalicatena orotica, Clostridium aldenense, or Eisenbergiella tayi. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises each of the following: Faecalicatena cortorta, Lactonifactor longoviformis, Clostridium innocuum, Clostridium bolteae, Flavonifractor plautii, Blautia coccoides, Anaerotruncus colihominis, Murimonas intestini, Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, Faecalicatena orotica, Clostridium aldenense, and Eisenbergiella tayi.

[0095] In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria further comprises Faecalicatena cortorta. For such aspects, the plurality of bacteria can comprise Faecalicatena cortorta and one or more of the following: Clostridium innocuum, Clostridium bolteae, Flavonifractor plautii, Blautia coccoides, Anaerotruncus colihominis, Murimonas intestini, Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, Faecalicatena orotica, Clostridium aldenense, or Eisenbergiella tayi. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises each of the following: Faecalicatena cortorta, Clostridium innocuum, Clostridium bolteae, Flavonifractor plautii, Blautia coccoides, Anaerotruncus colihominis, Murimonas intestini, Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, Faecalicatena orotica, Clostridium aldenense, and Eisenbergiella tayi.

[0096] In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria further comprises Lactonifactor longoviformis. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises Lactonifactor longoviformis and one or more of the following: Clostridium innocuum, Clostridium bolteae, Flavonifractor plautii, Blautia coccoides, Anaerotruncus colihominis, Murimonas intestini, Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, Faecalicatena orotica, Clostridium aldenense, or Eisenbergiella tayi. In some spects, the plurality of bacteria comprises each of the following: Lactonifactor longoviformis, Clostridium innocuum, Clostridium bolteae, Flavonifractor plautii, Blautia coccoides, Anaerotruncus colihominis, Murimonas intestini, Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, Faecalicatena orotica, Clostridium aldenense, or Eisenbergiella tayi.

[0097] In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria further comprises Massilimaliae timonensis, Hungatella effluvii, or Butyricicoccus sp2. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises Massilimaliae timonensis, Hungatella effluvii, or Butyricicoccus sp2 and one or more of the following: Clostridium innocuum, Clostridium bolteae, Flavonifractor plautii, Blautia coccoides, Anaerotruncus colihominis, Murimonas intestini, Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, Faecalicatena orotica, Clostridium aldenense, ox Eisenbergiella tayi. In some aspects, the pluralityof bacteria comprises each of the following: Massilimaliae timonensis, Hungatella effluvii, Butyricicoccus sp2, Clostridium innocuum, Clostridium bolteae, Flavonifr actor plautii, Blautia coccoides, Anaerotruncus colihominis, Murimonas intestini, Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, Faecalicatena orotica, Clostridium aldenense, or Eisenbergiella tayi.

[0098] In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria further comprises Massilimaliae timonensis. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises Massilimaliae timonensis and one or more of the following: Clostridium innocuum, Clostridium bolteae, Flavonifractor plautii, Blautia coccoides, Anaerotruncus colihominis, Murimonas intestini, Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, Faecalicatena orotica, Clostridium aldenense, or Eisenbergiella tayi. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises each of the following: Massilimaliae timonensis, Clostridium innocuum, Clostridium bolteae, Flavonifractor plautii, Blautia coccoides, Anaerotruncus colihominis, Murimonas intestini, Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, Faecalicatena orotica, Clostridium aldenense, and Eisenbergiella tayi.

[0099] In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria further comprises Hungatella effluvii. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises Hungatella effluvii and one or more of the following: Clostridium innocuum, Clostridium bolteae, Flavonifractor plautii, Blautia coccoides, Anaerotruncus colihominis, Murimonas intestini, Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, Faecalicatena orotica, Clostridium aldenense, or Eisenbergiella tayi. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises each of the following: Hungatella effluvii, Clostridium innocuum, Clostridium bolteae, Flavonifractor plautii, Blautia coccoides, Anaerotruncus colihominis, Murimonas intestini, Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, Faecalicatena orotica, Clostridium aldenense, o Eisenbergiella tayi.

[0100] In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria further comprises Butyricicoccus sp2. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises Butyricicoccus sp2 and one or more of the following: Clostridium innocuum, Clostridium bolteae, Flavonifractor plautii, Blautia coccoides, Anaerotruncus colihominis, Murimonas intestini, Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, Faecalicatena orotica, Clostridium aldenense, or Eisenbergiella tayi. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises each of the following: Butyricicoccus sp2, Clostridium innocuum, Clostridium bolteae, Flavonifractor plautii, Blautia coccoides, Anaerotruncus colihominis, Murimonas intestini, Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, Faecalicatena orotica, Clostridium aldenense, and Eisenbergiella tayi.

[0101] In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria further comprises Intestinimonas massiliensis, Niameybacter spl, or Turicibacter sanguinis. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises Intestinimonas massiliensis, Niameybacter spl, or Turicibacter sanguinis and one or more of the following: Clostridium innocuum, Clostridium bolteae, Flavonifr actor plautii, Blautia coccoides, Anaerotruncus colihominis, Murimonas intestini, Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, Faecalicatena orotica, Clostridium aldenense, or Eisenbergiella tayi. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises each of the following: Intestinimonas massiliensis, Niameybacter spl, Turicibacter sanguinis, Clostridium innocuum, Clostridium bolteae, Flavonifractor plautii, Blautia coccoides, Anaerotruncus colihominis, Murimonas intestini, Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, Faecalicatena orotica, Clostridium aldenense, and Eisenbergiella tayi.

[0102] In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria further comprises Intestinimonas massiliensis. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises Intestinimonas massiliensis and one or more of the following: Clostridium innocuum, Clostridium bolteae, Flavonifractor plautii, Blautia coccoides, Anaerotruncus colihominis, Murimonas intestini, Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, Faecalicatena orotica, Clostridium aldenense, or Eisenbergiella tayi. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises each of the following: Intestinimonas massiliensis, Clostridium innocuum, Clostridium bolteae, Flavonifractor plautii, Blautia coccoides, Anaerotruncus colihominis, Murimonas intestini, Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, Faecalicatena orotica, Clostridium aldenense, and Eisenbergiella tayi.

[0103] In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria further comprises Niameybacter spl. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises Niameybacter spl and one or more of the following: Clostridium innocuum, Clostridium bolteae, Flavonifractor plautii, Blautia coccoides, Anaerotruncus colihominis, Murimonas intestini, Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, Faecalicatena orotica, Clostridium aldenense, or Eisenbergiella tayi. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises each of the following: Niameybacter spl, Clostridium innocuum, Clostridium bolteae, Flavonifractor plautii, Blautia coccoides, Anaerotruncus colihominis, Murimonas intestini, Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, Faecalicatena orotica, Clostridium aldenense, and Eisenbergiella tayi.

[0104] In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria further comprises Turicibacter sanguinis. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises Turicibacter sanguinis and one or more of the following: Clostridium innocuum, Clostridium bolteae, Flavonifractor plautii, Blautia coccoides,Anaerotruncus colihominis, Murimonas intestini, Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, Faecalicatena orotica, Clostridium aldenense, or Eisenbergiella tayi. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises each of the following: Turicibacter sanguinis and one or more of the following: Clostridium innocuum, Clostridium bolteae, Flavonifractor plautii, Blautia coccoides, Anaerotruncus colihominis, Murimonas intestini, Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, Faecalicatena orotica, Clostridium aldenense, and Eisenbergiella tayi.

[0105] In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria further comprises Ruminococcaceae NG 13 sp6. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises Ruminococcaceae NG13 sp6 and one or more of the following: Clostridium innocuum, Clostridium bolteae, Flavonifractor plautii, Blautia coccoides, Anaerotruncus colihominis, Murimonas intestini, Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, Faecalicatena orotica, Clostridium aldenense, or Eisenbergiella tayi. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises each of the following: Ruminococcaceae NG 13 sp6, Clostridium innocuum, Clostridium bolteae, Flavonifractor plautii, Blautia coccoides, Anaerotruncus colihominis, Murimonas intestini, Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, Faecalicatena orotica, Clostridium aldenense, and Eisenbergiella tayi.

[0106] In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria further comprises Dorea longicatena. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises Dorea longicatena and one or more of the following: Clostridium innocuum, Clostridium bolteae, Flavonifractor plautii, Blautia coccoides, Anaerotruncus colihominis, Murimonas intestini, Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, Faecalicatena orotica, Clostridium aldenense, or Eisenbergiella tayi. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises each of the following: Dorea longicatena, Clostridium innocuum, Clostridium bolteae, Flavonifractor plautii, Blautia coccoides, Anaerotruncus colihominis, Murimonas intestini, Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, Faecalicatena orotica, Clostridium aldenense, and Eisenbergiella tayi.

[0107] In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria further comprises Blautia obeum. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises Blautia obeum and one or more of the following: Clostridium innocuum, Clostridium bolteae, Flavonifractor plautii, Blautia coccoides, Anaerotruncus colihominis, Murimonas intestini, Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, Faecalicatena orotica, Clostridium aldenense, or Eisenbergiella tayi. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises each of the following: Blautia obeum, Clostridium innocuum, Clostridium bolteae, Flavonifractor plautii, Blautia coccoides, Anaerotruncus colihominis, Murimonas intestini,Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, Faecalicatena orotica, Clostridium aldenense, and Eisenbergiella tayi.

[0108] In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria further comprises Lawsonibacter sp7. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises Lawsonibacter sp7 and one or more of the following: Clostridium innocuum, Clostridium bolteae, Flavonifr actor plautii, Blautia coccoides, Anaerotruncus colihominis, Murimonas intestini, Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, Faecalicatena orotica, Clostridium aldenense, or Eisenbergiella tayi. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises each of the following: Lawsonibacter sp7, Clostridium innocuum, Clostridium bolteae, Flavonifractor plautii, Blautia coccoides, Anaerotruncus colihominis, Murimonas intestini, Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, Faecalicatena orotica, Clostridium aldenense, and Eisenbergiella tayi.

[0109] In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria further comprises Blautia hominis. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises Blautia hominis and one or more of the following: Clostridium innocuum, Clostridium bolteae, Flavonifractor plautii, Blautia coccoides, Anaerotruncus colihominis, Murimonas intestini, Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, Faecalicatena orotica, Clostridium aldenense, or Eisenbergiella tayi. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises each of the following: Blautia hominis, Clostridium innocuum, Clostridium bolteae, Flavonifractor plautii, Blautia coccoides, Anaerotruncus colihominis, Murimonas intestini, Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, Faecalicatena orotica, Clostridium aldenense, and Eisenbergiella tayi.

[0110] In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria further comprises Blautia wexlerae. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises Blautia wexlerae and one or more of the following: Clostridium innocuum, Clostridium bolteae, Flavonifractor plautii, Blautia coccoides, Anaerotruncus colihominis, Murimonas intestini, Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, Faecalicatena orotica, Clostridium aldenense, or Eisenbergiella tayi. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises each of the following: Blautia wexlerae, Clostridium innocuum, Clostridium bolteae, Flavonifractor plautii, Blautia coccoides, Anaerotruncus colihominis, Murimonas intestini, Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, Faecalicatena orotica, Clostridium aldenense, and Eisenbergiella tayi.[OHl] In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria further comprises Eubacterium callanderi. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises Eubacterium callanderi and one or more of the following: Clostridium innocuum, Clostridium bolteae, Flavonifractor plautii, Blautia coccoides,Anaerotruncus colihominis, Murimonas intestini, Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, Faecalicatena orotica, Clostridium aldenense, or Eisenbergiella tayi. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises each of the following: Eubacterium callanderi. Clostridium innocuum, Clostridium bolteae, Flavonifr actor plautii, Blautia coccoides, Anaerotruncus colihominis, Murimonas intestini, Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, Faecalicatena orotica, Clostridium aldenense, and Eisenbergiella tayi.

[0112] In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises: (1) Clostridium innocuum, (2) Clostridium bolteae, (3) Flavonifr actor plautii, (4) Blautia coccoides, (5) Anaerotruncus colihominis, (6) Murimonas intestini, (7) Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, (8) Faecalicatena orotica, (9) Emergencia timonensis, (10) Clostridium aldenense, (11) Intestinimonas butyr iciproducens, (12) Eisenbergiella tayi, (13) Clostridium symbiosum, and (14) Clostridium scindens. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria consists essentially of: (1) Clostridium innocuum, (2) Clostridium bolteae, (3) Flavonifr actor plautii, (4) Blautia coccoides, (5) Anaerotruncus colihominis, (6) Murimonas intestini, (7) Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, (8) Faecalicatena orotica, (9) Emergencia timonensis, (10) Clostridium aldenense, (11) Intestinimonas butyr iciproducens, (12) Eisenbergiella tayi, (13) Clostridium symbiosum, and (14) Clostridium scindens. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria consists of: (1) Clostridium innocuum, (2) Clostridium bolteae, (3) Flavonifractor plautii, (4) Blautia coccoides, (5) Anaerotruncus colihominis, (6) Murimonas intestini, (7) Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, (8) Faecalicatena orotica, (9) Emergencia timonensis, (10) Clostridium aldenense, (11) Intestinimonas butyr iciproducens, (12) Eisenbergiella tayi, (13) Clostridium symbiosum, and (14) Clostridium scindens.

[0113] In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises: (1) Clostridium innocuum, (2) Clostridium bolteae, (3) Flavonifr actor plautii, (4) Blautia coccoides, (5) Anaerotruncus colihominis, (6) Murimonas intestini, (7) Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, (8) Faecalicatena orotica, (9) Clostridium aldenense, (10) Intestinimonas butyriciproducens, (11) Eisenbergiella tayi, (12) Clostridium symbiosum, (13) Clostridium scindens, and (14) Emergencia timonensis. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria consists essentially of: (1) Clostridium innocuum, (2) Clostridium bolteae, (3) Flavonifr actor plautii, (4) Blautia coccoides, (5) Anaerotruncus colihominis, (6) Murimonas intestini, (7) Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, (8) Faecalicatena orotica, (9) Clostridium aldenense, (10) Intestinimonas butyriciproducens, (11) Eisenbergiella tayi, (12) Clostridium symbiosum, (13) Clostridium scindens, and (14) Emergencia timonensis. Insome aspects, the plurality of bacteria consists of: (1) Clostridium innocuum, (2) Clostridium bolleae, (3) Flavonifr actor plautii, (4) Blautia coccoides, (5) Anaerotruncus colihominis, (6) Murimonas inleslini, (7) Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, (8) Faecalicatena orotica, (9) Clostridium aldenense, (10) Intestinimonas bulyriciprodiicens, (11) Eisenbergiella tayi, (12) Clostridium symbiosum, (13) Clostridium scindens, and (14) Emergencia timonensis.

[0114] In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises: (1) Clostridium innocuum, (2) Clostridium bolleae. (3) Flavonifr actor plautii. (4) Blautia coccoides, (5) Anaerotruncus colihominis, (6) Murimonas intestini, (7) Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, (8) Faecalicatena orotica, (9) Clostridium aldenense, (10) Intestinimonas butyriciproducens, (11) Eisenbergiella tayi, (12) Clostridium symbiosum, (13) Clostridium scindens, (14) Emergencia timonensis, (15) Faecalicatena cortorta, (16) Lactonifactor longoviformis, and (17) Ruminococcaceae NG13 sp6.

[0115] In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria consists essentially of: (1) Clostridium innocuum, (2) Clostridium bolteae, (3) Flavonifr actor plautii, (4) Blautia coccoides, (5) Anaerotruncus colihominis, (6) Murimonas intestini, (7) Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, (8) Faecalicatena orotica, (9) Clostridium aldenense, (10) Intestinimonas butyriciproducens, (11) Eisenbergiella tayi, (12) Clostridium symbiosum, (13) Clostridium scindens, (14) Emergencia timonensis, (15) Faecalicatena cortorta, (16) Lactonifactor longoviformis, and (17) Ruminococcaceae NG13 sp6. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria consists of: (1) Clostridium innocuum, (2) Clostridium bolteae, (3) Flavonifr actor plautii, (4) Blautia coccoides, (5) Anaerotruncus colihominis, (6) Murimonas intestini, (7) Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, (8) Faecalicatena orotica, (9) Clostridium aldenense, (10) Intestinimonas butyriciproducens, (11) Eisenbergiella tayi, (12) Clostridium symbiosum, (13) Clostridium scindens, (14) Emergencia timonensis, (15) Faecalicatena cortorta, (16) Lactonifactor longoviformis, and (17) Ruminococcaceae NG 13 sp6.

[0116] In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises (1) Clostridium innocuum, (2) Clostridium bolteae, (3) Flavonifr actor plautii, (4) Blautia coccoides, (5) Anaerotruncus colihominis, (6) Murimonas intestini, (7) Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, (8) Faecalicatena orotica, (9) Clostridium aldenense, (10) Intestinimonas butyriciproducens, (11) Eisenbergiella tayi, (12) Clostridium symbiosum, (13) Clostridium scindens, (14) Emergencia timonensis, (15) Faecalicatena cortorta, (16) Lactonifactor longoviformis, (17) Massilimaliae timonensis, (18) Hungatella effluvii, and (19) Butyricicoccus sp2. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria consists essentially of (1) Clostridium innocuum, (2) Clostridium bolteae, (3) Flavonifractor plautii, (4)Blautia coccoides, (5) Anaerotruncus colihominis, (6) Murimonas intestini, (7) Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, (8) Faecalicatena orolica, (9) Clostridium aldenense, (10) Intestinimonas butyr iciproducens, (11) Eisenbergiella tayi, (12) Clostridium symbiosum, (13) Clostridium scindens, (14) Emergencia limonensis, (15) Faecalicatena cortorta, (16) Lactonifactor longoviformis, (17) Massilimaliae limonensis. (18) Hungatella effluvii, and (19) Butyricicoccus sp2. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria consists of (1) Clostridium innocuum,(2) Clostridium bolteae, (3) Flavonifractor plautii, (4) Blautia coccoides, (5) Anaerotruncus colihominis, (6) Murimonas intestini, (7) Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, (8) Faecalicatena orolica, (9) Clostridium aldenense, (10) Intestinimonas butyriciproducens, (11) Eisenbergiella tayi, (12) Clostridium symbiosum, (13) Clostridium scindens, (14) Emergencia timonensis, (15) Faecalicatena cortorta, (16) Lactonifactor longoviformis, (17) Massilimaliae timonensis, (18) Hungatella effluvii, and (19) Butyricicoccus sp2.

[0117] In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises: (1) Clostridium innocuum, (2) Clostridium bolteae, (3) Flavonifractor plautii, (4) Blautia coccoides, (5) Anaerotruncus colihominis, (6) Murimonas intestini, (7) Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, (8) Faecalicatena orotica, (9) Clostridium aldenense, (10) Intestinimonas butyriciproducens, (11) Eisenbergiella tayi, (12) Clostridium symbiosum, (13) Clostridium scindens, (14) Emergencia timonensis, (15) Faecalicatena cortorta, (16) Lactonifactor longoviformis, (17) Massilimaliae timonensis, (18) Hungatella effluvii, (19) Butyricicoccus sp2, (20) Intestinimonas massiliensis, (21) Niameybacter spl, and (22) Turicibacter sanguinis. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria consists essentially of: (1) Clostridium innocuum, (2) Clostridium bolteae, (3) Flavonifractor plautii, (4) Blautia coccoides, (5) Anaerotruncus colihominis, (6) Murimonas intestini, (7) Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, (8) Faecalicatena orotica, (9) Clostridium aldenense, (10) Intestinimonas butyriciproducens, (11) Eisenbergiella tayi, (12) Clostridium symbiosum, (13) Clostridium scindens, (14) Emergencia timonensis, (15) Faecalicatena cortorta, (16) Lactonifactor longoviformis, (17) Massilimaliae timonensis, (18) Hungatella effluvii, (19) Butyricicoccus sp2, (20) Intestinimonas massiliensis, (21) Niameybacter spl, and (22) Turicibacter sanguinis. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria consists of: (1) Clostridium innocuum, (2) Clostridium bolteae,(3) Flavonifractor plautii, (4) Blautia coccoides, (5) Anaerotruncus colihominis, (6) Murimonas intestini, (7) Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, (8) Faecalicatena orotica, (9) Clostridium aldenense, (10) Intestinimonas butyriciproducens, (11) Eisenbergiella tayi, (12) Clostridium symbiosum, (13) Clostridium scindens, (14) Emergencia timonensis, (15) Faecalicatena cortorta,(16) Lactonifactor longoviformis, (17) Massilimaliae timonensis, (18) Hungatella effluvii, (19) Butyricicoccus sp2 , (20) Intestinimonas massiliensis. (21) Niamey bacler spl, and (22) Turicibacter sanguinis.

[0118] In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises: (1) Clostridium innocuum, (2) Clostridium bolleae, (3) Flavonifr actor plautii, (4) Blautia coccoides, (5) Anaerotruncus colihominis, (6) Murimonas inleslini, (7) Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, (8) Faecalicatena orotica, (9) Emergencia timonensis, (10) Clostridium aldenense, (11) Eisenbergiella tayi, (12) Dorea longicatena, and (13) Blautia obeum. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria consists essentially of: (1) Clostridium innocuum, (2) Clostridium bolleae, (3) Flavonifractor plautii, (4) Blautia coccoides, (5) Anaerotruncus colihominis, (6) Murimonas intestini, (7) Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, (8) Faecalicatena orotica, (9) Emergencia timonensis, (10) Clostridium aldenense, (11) Eisenbergiella tayi, (12) Dorea longicatena, and (13) Blautia obeum. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria consists of: (1) Clostridium innocuum, (2) Clostridium bolteae, (3) Flavonifractor plautii, (4) Blautia coccoides, (5) Anaerotruncus colihominis, (6) Murimonas intestini, (7) Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, (8) Faecalicatena orotica, (9) Emergencia timonensis, (10) Clostridium aldenense, (11) Eisenbergiella tayi, (12) Dorea longicatena, and (13) Blautia obeum.

[0119] In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises: (1) Clostridium innocuum, (2) Clostridium bolteae, (3) Flavonifractor plautii, (4) Blautia coccoides, (5) Anaerotruncus colihominis, (6) Murimonas intestini, (7) Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, (8) Faecalicatena orotica, (9) Clostridium aldenense, (10) Intestinimonas butyriciproducens, (11) Eisenbergiella tayi, (12) Clostridium symbiosum, (13) Clostridium scindens, (14) Emergencia timonensis, (15) Blautia obeum, and (16) Lawsonibacter sp7. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria consists essentially of: (1) Clostridium innocuum, (2) Clostridium bolteae, (3) Flavonifractor plautii, (4) Blautia coccoides, (5) Anaerotruncus colihominis, (6) Murimonas intestini, (7) Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, (8) Faecalicatena orotica, (9) Clostridium aldenense, (10) Intestinimonas butyriciproducens, (11) Eisenbergiella tayi, (12) Clostridium symbiosum, (13) Clostridium scindens, (14) Emergencia timonensis, (15) Blautia obeum, and (16) Lawsonibacter sp7. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria consists of: (1) Clostridium innocuum, (2) Clostridium bolteae, (3) Flavonifractor plautii, (4) Blautia coccoides, (5) Anaerotruncus colihominis, (6) Murimonas intestini, (7) Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, (8) Faecalicatena orotica, (9) Clostridium aldenense, (10) Intestinimonas butyriciproducens, (11)Eisenbergiella tayi, (12) Clostridium sym biosum, (13) Clostridium scindens, (14) Emergencia timonensis, (15) Blautia obeum, and (16) Lawsonibacter sp7.

[0120] In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises: (1) Clostridium innocuum, (2) Clostridium bolteae, (3) Flavonifr actor plautii, (4) Blautia coccoides, (5) Anaerotruncus colihominis, (6) Murimonas intestini, (7) Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, (8) Faecalicatena orotica, (9) Clostridium aldenense, (10) Intestinimonas butyriciproducens, (11) Eisenbergiella tayi, (12) Clostridium symbiosum, (13) Clostridium scindens, (14) Emergencia timonensis, (15) Faecalicatena cortorta, (16) Lactonifactor longoviformis, (17) Ruminococcaceae NG 13 sp6, (18) Blautia obeum, and (19) Lawsonibacter sp7. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria consists essentially of: (1) Clostridium innocuum, (2) Clostridium bolteae, (3) Flavonifractor plautii, (4) Blautia coccoides, (5) Anaerotruncus colihominis, (6) Murimonas intestini, (7) Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, (8) Faecalicatena orotica, (9) Clostridium aldenense, (10) Intestinimonas butyr iciproducens, (11) Eisenbergiella tayi, (12) Clostridium symbiosum, (13) Clostridium scindens, (14) Emergencia timonensis, (15) Faecalicatena cortorta, (16) Lactonifactor longoviformis, (17) Ruminococcaceae NG13 sp6, (18) Blautia obeum, and (19) Lawsonibacter sp7. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria consists of: (1) Clostridium innocuum, (2) Clostridium bolteae, (3) Flavonifractor plautii, (4) Blautia coccoides, (5) Anaerotruncus colihominis, (6) Murimonas intestini, (7) Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, (8) Faecalicatena orotica, (9) Clostridium aldenense, (10) Intestinimonas butyr iciproducens, (11) Eisenbergiella tayi, (12) Clostridium symbiosum, (13) Clostridium scindens, (14) Emergencia timonensis, (15) Faecalicatena cortorta, (16) Lactonifactor longoviformis, (17) Ruminococcaceae NG13 sp6, (18) Blautia obeum, and (19) Lawsonibacter sp7.

[0121] In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises: (1) Clostridium innocuum, (2) Clostridium bolteae, (3) Flavonifractor plautii, (4) Blautia coccoides, (5) Anaerotruncus colihominis, (6) Murimonas intestini, (7) Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, (8) Faecalicatena orotica, (9) Clostridium aldenense, (10) Intestinimonas butyriciproducens, (11) Eisenbergiella tayi, (12) Clostridium symbiosum, and (13) Emergencia timonensis. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria consists essentially of: (1) Clostridium innocuum, (2) Clostridium bolteae, (3) Flavonifractor plautii, (4) Blautia coccoides, (5) Anaerotruncus colihominis, (6) Murimonas intestini, (7) Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, (8) Faecalicatena orotica, (9) Clostridium aldenense, (10) Intestinimonas butyriciproducens, (11) Eisenbergiella tayi, (12) Clostridium symbiosum, and (13) Emergencia timonensis. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria consists of:(1) Clostridium innocuum, (2) Clostridium bolteae, (3) Flavonifractor plautii, (4) Blautia coccoides, (5) Anaerotruncus colihominis, (6) Murimonas intestini, (7) Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, (8) Faecalicatena orotica, (9) Clostridium aldenense, (10) Intestinimonas butyr iciproducens. (11) Eisenbergiella tayi, (12) Clostridium symbiosum, and (13) Emergencia timonensis.

[0122] In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises: (1) Clostridium innocuum, (2) Clostridium bolteae, (3) Flavonifractor plautii, (4) Blautia coccoides, (5) Anaerotruncus colihominis, (6) Murimonas intestini, (7) Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, (8) Faecalicatena orotica, (9) Clostridium aldenense, (10) Intestinimonas butyriciproducens, (11) Eisenbergiella tayi, (12) Clostridium symbiosum, (13) Clostridium scindens, (14) Emergencia timonensis, (15) Faecalicatena cortorta, (16) Lactonifactor longoviformis, (17) Intestinimonas massiliensis, (18) Niameybacter spl, and (19) Turicibacter sanguinis. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria consists essentially of: (1) Clostridium innocuum, (2) Clostridium bolteae, (3) Flavonifractor plautii, (4) Blautia coccoides, (5) Anaerotruncus colihominis, (6) Murimonas intestini, (7) Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, (8) Faecalicatena orotica, (9) Clostridium aldenense, (10) Intestinimonas butyriciproducens, (11) Eisenbergiella tayi, (12) Clostridium symbiosum, (13) Clostridium scindens, (14) Emergencia timonensis, (15) Faecalicatena cortorta, (16) Lactonifactor longoviformis, (17) Intestinimonas massiliensis, (18) Niameybacter spl, and (19) Turicibacter sanguinis. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria consists of: (1) Clostridium innocuum, (2) Clostridium bolteae, (3) Flavonifractor plautii, (4) Blautia coccoides, (5) Anaerotruncus colihominis, (6) Murimonas intestini, (7) Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, (8) Faecalicatena orotica, (9) Clostridium aldenense, (10) Intestinimonas butyriciproducens, (11) Eisenbergiella tayi, (12) Clostridium symbiosum, (13) Clostridium scindens, (14) Emergencia timonensis, (15) Faecalicatena cortorta, (16) Lactonifactor longoviformis, (17) Intestinimonas massiliensis, (18) Niameybacter spl, and (19) Turicibacter sanguinis .

[0123] In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises: (1) Clostridium innocuum, (2) Clostridium bolteae, (3) Flavonifractor plautii, (4) Blautia hominis, (5) Anaerotruncus colihominis, (6) Murimonas intestini, (7) Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, (8) Faecalicatena orotica, (9) Emergencia timonensis, (10) Clostridium aldenense, (11) Eisenbergiella tayi, (12) Clostridium scindens, (13) Dorea longicatena, ( 14) Blautia obeum, (15) Blautia wexlerae, and (16) Eubacterium callanderi. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria consists essentially of: (1) Clostridium innocuum, (2) Clostridium bolteae, (3) Flavonifractor plautii, (A) Blautia hominis, (5)Anaerotruncus colihominis, (6) Murimonas intestini, (7) Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, (8) Faecalicatena orolica, (9) Emergencia limonensis, (10) Clostridium aldenense. (11) Eisenbergiella tayi, (12) Clostridium scindens, (13) Dorea longicalena, (14) Blautia obeum, (15) Blautia wexlerae, and (16) Eubacterium callanderi. In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria consists of: (1) Clostridium innocuum. (2) Clostridium bolleae, (3) Flavonifractor plautii, (4) Blautia hominis, (5) Anaerotruncus colihominis, (6) Murimonas inleslini, (7) Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, (8) Faecalicatena orolica. (9) Emergencia limonensis. (10) Clostridium aldenense, (11) Eisenbergiella tayi, (12) Clostridium scindens, (13) Dorea longicatena, (14) Blautia obeum, (15) Blautia wexlerae, and (16) Eubacterium callanderi.

[0124] In some aspects, the Anaerotruncus colihominis comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 5, SEQ ID NO: 79, SEQ ID NO: 80, or SEQ ID NO: 81. In some aspects, the Anaerotruncus colihominis comprises the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 5, SEQ ID NO: 79, SEQ ID NO: 80, or SEQ ID NO: 81. In some aspects, the Blautia coccoides comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO: 74, SEQ ID NO: 75, SEQ ID NO: 76, SEQ ID NO: 77, or SEQ ID NO: 78,. In some aspects, the Blautia coccoides comprises the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO: 74, SEQ ID NO: 75, SEQ ID NO: 76, SEQ ID NO: 77, or SEQ ID NO: 78. In some aspects, the Blautia hominis comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 29, SEQ ID NO: 32, SEQ ID NO: 33, SEQ ID NO: 34, SEQ ID NO: 35, SEQ ID NO: 36, or SEQ ID NO: 37. In some aspects, the Blautia hominis comprises the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 29, SEQ ID NO: 32, SEQ ID NO: 33, SEQ ID NO: 34, SEQ ID NO: 35, SEQ ID NO: 36, or SEQ ID NO: 37. In some aspects, the Blautia obeum comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 26, SEQ ID NO: 158, SEQ ID NO: 159, SEQ ID NO: 160, SEQ ID NO: 161, SEQ ID NO: 162, or SEQ ID NO: 163. In some aspects, the Blautia obeum comprises the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 26, SEQ ID NO: 158, SEQ ID NO: 159, SEQ ID NO: 160, SEQ ID NO: 161, SEQ ID NO: 162, or SEQ ID NO: 163. In some aspects, the Blautia wexlerae comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has asequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 30, SEQ ID NO: 38, SEQ ID NO: 39, SEQ ID NO: 40, SEQ ID NO: 41, SEQ ID NO: 42, SEQ ID NO: 43, SEQ ID NO: 44, SEQ ID NO: 166, SEQ ID NO: 167, SEQ ID NO: 168, SEQ ID NO: 169, SEQ ID NO: 170, SEQ ID NO: 171, or SEQ ID NO: 172. In some aspects, the Blautiawexlerae comprises the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 30, SEQ ID NO: 38, SEQ ID NO: 39, SEQ ID NO: 40, SEQ ID NO: 41, SEQ ID NO: 42, SEQ ID NO: 43, SEQ ID NO: 44, SEQ ID NO: 166, SEQ ID NO: 167, SEQ ID NO: 168, SEQ ID NO: 169, SEQ ID NO: 170, SEQ ID NO: 171, or SEQ ID NO: 172. In some aspects, the Butyricicoccus sp2 comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 20 or SEQ ID NO: 132. In some aspects, the Butyricicoccus sp2 comprises the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 20 or SEQ ID NO: 132. In some aspects, the Clostridium aldenense comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 10, SEQ ID NO: 100, SEQ ID NO: 101, SEQ ID NO: 102, SEQ ID NO: 103, or SEQ ID NO: 104. In some aspects, the Clostridium aldenense comprises the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 10, SEQ ID NO: 100, SEQ ID NO: 101, SEQ ID NO: 102, SEQ ID NO: 103, or SEQ ID NO: 104. In some aspects, the Clostridium bolteae comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 66, SEQ ID NO: 67, SEQ ID NO: 68, SEQ ID NO: 69, or SEQ ID NO: 70. In some aspects, the Clostridium bolteae comprises the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 66, SEQ ID NO: 67, SEQ ID NO: 68, SEQ ID NO: 69, or SEQ ID NO: 70. In some aspects, the Clostridium innocuum comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 61, SEQ ID NO: 62, SEQ ID NO: 63, SEQ ID NO: 64, or SEQ ID NO: 65. In some aspects, the Clostridium innocuum comprises the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 61, SEQ ID NO: 62, SEQ ID NO: 63, SEQ ID NO: 64, or SEQ ID NO: 65. In some aspects, the Clostridium scindens comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 14, SEQ ID NO: 111, SEQ ID NO: 112, SEQ ID NO: 113, orSEQ ID NO: 114. In some aspects, the Clostridium scindens comprises the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 14, SEQ ID NO: 111, SEQ ID NO: 112, SEQ ID NO: 113, or SEQ ID NO: 114. In some aspects, the Clostridium symbiosum comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 13 or SEQ ID NO: 110. In some aspects, the Clostridium symbiosum comprises the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 13 or SEQ ID NO: 110. In some aspects, the Dorea longicatena comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 25, SEQ ID NO: 50, SEQ ID NO: 51, SEQ ID NO: 52, SEQ ID NO: 53, SEQ ID NO: 54, SEQ ID NO: 55, SEQ ID NO: 56, SEQ ID NO: 57, SEQ ID NO: 58, SEQ ID NO: 59, SEQ ID NO: 60, SEQ ID NO: 152, SEQ ID NO: 153, SEQ ID NO: 154, SEQ ID NO: 155, SEQ ID NO: 156, or SEQ ID NO: 157. In some aspects, the Dorea longicatena comprises the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 25, SEQ ID NO: 50, SEQ ID NO: 51, SEQ ID NO: 52, SEQ ID NO: 53, SEQ ID NO: 54, SEQ ID NO: 55, SEQ ID NO: 56, SEQ ID NO: 57, SEQ ID NO: 58, SEQ ID NO: 59, SEQ ID NO: 60, SEQ ID NO: 152, SEQ ID NO: 153, SEQ ID NO: 154, SEQ ID NO: 155, SEQ ID NO: 156, or SEQ ID NO: 157. In some aspects, the Eisenbergiella tayi comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 12, SEQ ID NO: 106, SEQ ID NO: 107, SEQ ID NO: 108, or SEQ ID NO: 109. In some aspects, the Eisenbergiella tayi comprises the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 12, SEQ ID NO: 106, SEQ ID NO: 107, SEQ ID NO: 108, or SEQ ID NO: 109. In some aspects, the Emergencia timonensis comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 9, SEQ ID NO: 97, SEQ ID NO: 98, SEQ ID NO: 99, SEQ ID NO: 15, SEQ ID NO: 115, or SEQ ID NO: 116. In some aspects, the Emergencia timonensis comprises the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 9, SEQ ID NO: 97, SEQ ID NO: 98, SEQ ID NO: 99, SEQ ID NO: 15, SEQ ID NO: 115, or SEQ ID NO: 116. In some aspects, the Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 87, SEQ ID NO: 88, SEQ ID NO: 89, SEQ ID NO: 90, or SEQ ID NO: 91. In some aspects, the Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum comprises the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 7,SEQ ID NO: 87, SEQ ID NO: 88, SEQ ID NO: 89, SEQ ID NO: 90, or SEQ ID NO: 91. In some aspects, the Eubacterium callanderi comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 31, SEQ ID NO: 45, SEQ ID NO: 46, SEQ ID NO: 47, SEQ ID NO: 48, SEQ ID NO: 49, SEQ ID NO: 173, SEQ ID NO: 174, SEQ ID NO: 175, SEQ ID NO: 176, or SEQ ID NO: 177. In some aspects, the Eubacterium callanderi comprises the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 31, SEQ ID NO: 45, SEQ ID NO: 46, SEQ ID NO: 47, SEQ ID NO: 48, SEQ ID NO: 49, SEQ ID NO: 173, SEQ ID NO: 174, SEQ ID NO: 175, SEQ ID NO: 176, or SEQ ID NO: 177. In some aspects, the Faecalicatena cortorta comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 16, SEQ ID NO: 117, SEQ ID NO: 118, SEQ ID NO: 119, or SEQ ID NO: 120. In some aspects, the Faecalicatena cortorta comprises the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 16, SEQ ID NO: 117, SEQ ID NO: 118, SEQ ID NO: 119, or SEQ ID NO: 120. In some aspects, the Faecalicatena orotica comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 8, SEQ ID NO: 92, SEQ ID NO: 93, SEQ ID NO: 94, SEQ ID NO: 95, SEQ ID NO: 96. In some aspects, the Faecalicatena orotica comprises the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 8, SEQ ID NO: 92, SEQ ID NO: 93, SEQ ID NO: 94, SEQ ID NO: 95, or SEQ ID NO: 96. In some aspects, the Flavonifractor plautii comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 3. In some aspects, the Flavonifractor plautii comprises the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 3. In some aspects, the Hungatella effluvia comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 19, SEQ ID NO: 126, SEQ ID NO: 127, SEQ ID NO: 128, SEQ ID NO: 129, SEQ ID NO: 130, or SEQ ID NO: 131. In some aspects, the Hungatella effluvia comprises the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 19, SEQ ID NO: 126, SEQ ID NO: 127, SEQ ID NO: 128, SEQ ID NO: 129, SEQ ID NO: 130, or SEQ ID NO: 131. In some aspects, the Intestinimonas butyriciproducens comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 11 or SEQ ID NO: 105. In some aspects, the Intestinimonasbutyriciproducens comprises the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 11 or SEQ ID NO: 105. In some aspects, the Intestinimonas massiliensis comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 21 or SEQ ID NO: 133. In some aspects, the Intestinimonas massiliensis comprises the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 21 or SEQ ID NO: 133. In some aspects, the Lactonifactor longoviformis comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 17, SEQ ID NO: 28, or SEQ ID NO: 165. In some aspects, the Lactonifactor longoviformis comprises the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 17, SEQ ID NO: 28, or SEQ ID NO: 165. In some aspects, the Lactonifactor longoviformis comprises the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 17, SEQ ID NO: 121, SEQ ID NO: 122, SEQ ID NO: 123, or SEQ ID NO: 124.. In some aspects, the Lactonifactor longoviformis comprises the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 28 or SEQ ID NO: 165.. In some aspects, the Lawsonibacter sp7 comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 27 or SEQ ID NO: 164. In some aspects, the Lawsonibacter sp7 comprises the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 27 or SEQ ID NO: 164. In some aspects, the Massilimaliae timonensis comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 18 or SEQ ID NO: 125. In some aspects, the Massilimaliae timonensis comprises the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 18 or SEQ ID NO: 125. In some aspects,Muri monas intestini comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 82, SEQ ID NO: 83, SEQ ID NO: 84, SEQ ID NO: 85, or SEQ ID NO: 86. In some aspects, the Murimonas intestini comprises the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 82, SEQ ID NO: 83, SEQ ID NO: 84, SEQ ID NO: 85, or SEQ ID NO: 86. In some aspects, the Niameybacter spl comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 22 or SEQ ID NO: 134. In some aspects, the Niameybacter spl comprises the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 22 or SEQ ID NO: 134. In some aspects, the Ruminococcaceae NG 13 sp6 comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has asequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 24, SEQ ID NO: 149, SEQ ID NO:150, or SEQ ID NO: 151. In some aspects, the Ruminococcaceae NG13 sp6 comprises the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 24, SEQ ID NO: 149, SEQ ID NO: 150, or SEQ ID NO:151. In some aspects, the Turicibacter sanguinis comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 23, SEQ ID NO: 135, SEQ ID NO:136, SEQ ID NO: 137, SEQ ID NO: 138, SEQ ID NO: 139, SEQ ID NO: 140, SEQ ID NO: 141,SEQ ID NO: 142, SEQ ID NO: 143, SEQ ID NO: 144, SEQ ID NO: 145, SEQ ID NO: 146, SEQID NO: 147, or SEQ ID NO: 148. In some aspects, the Turicibacter sanguinis comprises the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 23, SEQ ID NO: 135, SEQ ID NO: 136, SEQ ID NO:137, SEQ ID NO: 138, SEQ ID NO: 139, SEQ ID NO: 140, SEQ ID NO: 141, SEQ ID NO: 142,SEQ ID NO: 143, SEQ ID NO: 144, SEQ ID NO: 145, SEQ ID NO: 146, SEQ ID NO: 147, or SEQ ID NO: 148.

[0125] As is apparent from the present disclosure, any of the bacterial species provided herein can be described based on its 16S rDNA sequence. Accordingly, in some aspects, a bacterial composition useful for the present disclosure comprises a plurality of bacteria, wherein the plurality of bacteria comprise a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in any one of SEQ ID NO: 5, SEQ ID NO: 79, SEQ ID NO: 80, SEQ ID NO: 81, SEQ ID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO: 74, SEQ ID NO: 75, SEQ ID NO: 76, SEQ ID NO: 77, SEQ ID NO: 78, SEQ ID NO: 26, SEQ ID NO: 158, SEQ ID NO: 159, SEQ ID NO: 160, SEQ ID NO: 161, SEQ ID NO: 162, SEQ ID NO: 163, SEQ ID NO: 20, SEQ ID NO: 132, SEQ ID NO: 10, SEQ ID NO: 100, SEQ ID NO: 101, SEQ ID NO: 10266, SEQ ID NO: 10367, SEQ ID NO: 10468, SEQ ID NO: 69, SEQ ID NO: 70, SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 61, SEQ ID NO: 62, SEQ ID NO: 63, SEQ ID NO: 64, SEQ ID NO: 65, SEQ ID NO: 14, SEQ ID NO: 111, SEQ ID NO: 112, SEQ ID NO: 113, SEQ ID NO: 114, SEQ ID NO: 13, SEQ ID NO: 110, SEQ ID NO: 25, SEQ ID NO: 50, SEQ ID NO: 51, SEQ ID NO: 52, SEQ ID NO: 53, SEQ ID NO: 54, SEQ ID NO: 55, SEQ ID NO: 56, SEQ ID NO: 57, SEQ ID NO: 58, SEQ ID NO: 59, SEQ ID NO: 60, SEQ ID NO: 152, SEQ ID NO: 153, SEQ ID NO: 154, SEQ ID NO: 155, SEQ ID NO: 156, SEQ ID NO: 157, SEQ ID NO: 12, SEQ ID NO: 9, SEQ ID NO: 97, SEQ ID NO: 98, SEQ ID NO: 99, SEQ ID NO: 15, SEQ ID NO: 115, SEQ IDNO: 116, SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 87, SEQ ID NO: 88, SEQ ID NO: 89, SEQ ID NO: 90, SEQ ID NO: 91, SEQ ID NO: 16, SEQ ID NO: 117, SEQ ID NO: 118, SEQ ID NO: 119, SEQ ID NO: 120, SEQ ID NO: 8, SEQ ID NO: 92, SEQ ID NO: 93, SEQ ID NO: 94, SEQ ID NO: 95, SEQ ID NO: 96, SEQ ID NO: 3, SEQ ID NO: 71, SEQ ID NO: 72, SEQ ID NO: 73, SEQ ID NO: 19, SEQ ID NO: 126, SEQ ID NO: 127, SEQ ID NO: 128, SEQ ID NO: 129, SEQ ID NO: 130, SEQ ID NO: 131, SEQ ID NO: 11, SEQ ID NO: 105, SEQ ID NO: 21, SEQ ID NO: 133, SEQ ID NO: 17, SEQ ID NO: 121, SEQ ID NO: 122, SEQ ID NO: 123, SEQ ID NO: 124, SEQ ID NO: 28, SEQ ID NO: 165, SEQ ID NO: 27, SEQ ID NO: 164, SEQ ID NO: 18, SEQ ID NO: 125, SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 82, SEQ ID NO: 83, SEQ ID NO: 84, SEQ ID NO: 85, SEQ ID NO: 86, SEQ ID NO: 22, SEQ ID NO: 134, SEQ ID NO: 24, SEQ ID NO: 149, SEQ ID NO: 150, SEQ ID NO: 151, SEQ ID NO: 23, SEQ ID NO: 135, SEQ ID NO: 136, SEQ ID NO: 137, SEQ ID NO: 138, SEQ ID NO: 139, SEQ ID NO: 140, SEQ ID NO: 141, SEQ ID NO: 142, SEQ ID NO: 143, SEQ ID NO: 144, SEQ ID NO: 145, SEQ ID NO: 146, SEQ ID NO: 147, SEQ ID NO: 148, SEQ ID NO: 29, SEQ ID NO: 32, SEQ ID NO: 33, SEQ ID NO: 34, SEQ ID NO: 35, SEQ ID NO: 36, or SEQ ID NO: 37, SEQ ID NO: 30, SEQ ID NO: 38, SEQ ID NO: 39, SEQ ID NO: 40, SEQ ID NO: 41, SEQ ID NO: 42, SEQ ID NO: 43, SEQ ID NO: 44, SEQ ID NO: 166, SEQ ID NO: 167, SEQ ID NO: 168, SEQ ID NO: 169, SEQ ID NO: 170, SEQ ID NO: 171, SEQ ID NO: 172, SEQ ID NO: 31, SEQ ID NO: 45, SEQ ID NO: 46, SEQ ID NO: 47, SEQ ID NO: 48, SEQ ID NO: 49, SEQ ID NO: 173, SEQ ID NO: 174, SEQ ID NO: 175, SEQ ID NO: 176, or SEQ ID NO: 177.

[0126] In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in any one of SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 61, SEQ ID NO: 62, SEQ ID NO: 63, SEQ ID NO: 64, SEQ ID NO: 65, SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 66, SEQ ID NO: 67, SEQ ID NO: 68, SEQ ID NO: 69, SEQ ID NO: 70, SEQ ID NO: 3, SEQ ID NO: 71, SEQ ID NO: 72, SEQ ID NO: 73, SEQ ID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO: 74, SEQ ID NO: 75, SEQ ID NO: 76, SEQ ID NO: 77, SEQ ID NO: 78, SEQ ID NO: 5, SEQ ID NO: 79, SEQ ID NO: 80, SEQ ID NO: 81, SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 82, SEQ ID NO: 83, SEQ ID NO: 84, SEQ ID NO: 85, SEQ ID NO: 86, SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 87, SEQ ID NO: 88, SEQ ID NO: 89, SEQ ID NO: 90, SEQ ID NO: 91, SEQ ID NO: 8, SEQ ID NO: 92, SEQ ID NO: 93, SEQ ID NO: 94, SEQ ID NO: 95, SEQ ID NO: 96, SEQ ID NO: 10, SEQ ID NO: 100, SEQ ID NO: 101, SEQ ID NO: 102, SEQID NO: 103, SEQ ID NO: 104, SEQ ID NO: 12, SEQ ID NO: 106, SEQ ID NO: 107, SEQ ID NO: 108, or SEQ ID NO: 109.

[0127] In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria further comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 9, SEQ ID NO: 97, SEQ ID NO: 98, or SEQ ID NO: 99 Accordingly, in some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises a first 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 9, SEQ ID NO: 97, SEQ ID NO: 98, or SEQ ID NO: 99 and a second 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in any one of SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 61, SEQ ID NO: 62, SEQ ID NO: 63, SEQ ID NO: 64, SEQ ID NO: 65, SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 66, SEQ ID NO: 67, SEQ ID NO: 68, SEQ ID NO: 69, SEQ ID NO: 70, SEQ ID NO: 3, SEQ ID NO: 71, SEQ ID NO: 72, SEQ ID NO: 73, SEQ ID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO: 74, SEQ ID NO: 75, SEQ ID NO: 76, SEQ ID NO: 77, SEQ ID NO: 78, SEQ ID NO: 5, SEQ ID NO: 79, SEQ ID NO: 80, SEQ ID NO: 81, SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 82, SEQ ID NO: 83, SEQ ID NO: 84, SEQ ID NO: 85, SEQ ID NO: 86, SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 87, SEQ ID NO: 88, SEQ ID NO: 89, SEQ ID NO: 90, SEQ ID NO: 91, SEQ ID NO: 8, SEQ ID NO: 92, SEQ ID NO: 93, SEQ ID NO: 94, SEQ ID NO: 95, SEQ ID NO: 96, SEQ ID NO: 10, SEQ ID NO: 100, SEQ ID NO: 101, SEQ ID NO: 102, SEQ ID NO: 103, SEQ ID NO: 104, SEQ ID NO: 12, SEQ ID NO: 106, SEQ ID NO: 107, SEQ ID NO: 108, or SEQ ID NO: 109.

[0128] In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises each of the following:

[0129] (a) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 9, SEQ ID NO: 97, SEQ ID NO: 98, or SEQ ID NO: 99;

[0130] (b) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 61, SEQ ID NO: 62, SEQ ID NO: 63, SEQ ID NO: 64, or SEQ ID NO: 65,

[0131] (c) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 66, SEQ ID NO: 67, SEQ ID NO: 68, SEQ ID NO: 69, or SEQ ID NO: 70,

[0132] (d) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 3, SEQ ID NO: 71, SEQ ID NO: 72, or SEQ ID NO: 73,

[0133] (e) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO: 74, SEQ ID NO: 75, SEQ ID NO: 76, SEQ ID NO: 77, or SEQ ID NO: 78,

[0134] (f) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 5, SEQ ID NO: 79, SEQ ID NO: 80, or SEQ ID NO: 81,

[0135] (g) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 82, SEQ ID NO: 83, SEQ ID NO: 84, SEQ ID NO: 85, or SEQ ID NO: 86,

[0136] (h) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 87, SEQ ID NO: 88, SEQ ID NO: 89, SEQ ID NO: 90, or SEQ ID NO: 91,

[0137] (i) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, atleast about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 8, SEQ ID NO: 92, SEQ ID NO: 93, SEQ ID NO: 94, SEQ ID NO: 95, or SEQ ID NO: 96,

[0138] (j) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 10, SEQ ID NO: 100, SEQ ID NO: 101, SEQ ID NO: 102, SEQ ID NO: 103, or SEQ ID NO: 104, and

[0139] (k) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 12, SEQ ID NO: 106, SEQ ID NO: 107, SEQ ID NO: 108, or SEQ ID NO: 109.

[0140] In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria further comprises: (a) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 11 or SEQ ID NO: 105; (b) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 13 or SEQ ID NO: 110; (c) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 14, SEQ ID NO: 111, SEQ ID NO: 112, SEQ ID NO: 113, or SEQ ID NO: 114, or (d) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 15, SEQ ID NO: 115, or SEQ ID NO: 116.

[0141] Accordingly, in some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises a first 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 11 or SEQ ID NO: 105 and a second 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in any one of SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 61, SEQ ID NO: 62, SEQ ID NO: 63, SEQ ID NO: 64, SEQ ID NO: 65, SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 66, SEQ ID NO: 67, SEQ ID NO: 68, SEQ ID NO: 69, SEQ ID NO: 70, SEQ ID NO: 3, SEQ ID NO: 71, SEQ ID NO: 72, SEQ ID NO: 73, SEQ ID NO:4, SEQ ID NO: 74, SEQ ID NO: 75, SEQ ID NO: 76, SEQ ID NO: 77, SEQ ID NO: 78, SEQ ID NO: 5, SEQ ID NO: 79, SEQ ID NO: 80, SEQ ID NO: 81, SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 82, SEQ ID NO: 83, SEQ ID NO: 84, SEQ ID NO: 85, SEQ ID NO: 86, SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 87, SEQ ID NO: 88, SEQ ID NO: 89, SEQ ID NO: 90, SEQ ID NO: 91, SEQ ID NO: 8, SEQ ID NO: 92, SEQ ID NO: 93, SEQ ID NO: 94, SEQ ID NO: 95, SEQ ID NO: 96, SEQ ID NO: 10, SEQ ID NO: 100, SEQ ID NO: 101, SEQ ID NO: 102, SEQ ID NO: 103, SEQ ID NO: 104, SEQ ID NO: 12, SEQ ID NO: 106, SEQ ID NO: 107, SEQ ID NO: 108, or SEQ ID NO: 109.

[0142] In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises each of the following:

[0143] (a) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 11 or SEQ ID NO: 105;

[0144] (b) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 61, SEQ ID NO: 62, SEQ ID NO: 63, SEQ ID NO: 64, or SEQ ID NO: 65,

[0145] (c) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 66, SEQ ID NO: 67, SEQ ID NO: 68, SEQ ID NO: 69, or SEQ ID NO: 70,

[0146] (d) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 3, SEQ ID NO: 71, SEQ ID NO: 72, or SEQ ID NO: 73,

[0147] (e) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO: 74, SEQ ID NO: 75, SEQ ID NO: 76, SEQ ID NO: 77, or SEQ ID NO: 78,

[0148] (f) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, atleast about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 5, SEQ ID NO: 79, SEQ ID NO: 80, or SEQ ID NO: 81,

[0149] (g) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 82, SEQ ID NO: 83, SEQ ID NO: 84, SEQ ID NO: 85, or SEQ ID NO: 86,

[0150] (h) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 87, SEQ ID NO: 88, SEQ ID NO: 89, SEQ ID NO: 90, or SEQ ID NO: 91,

[0151] (i) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 8, SEQ ID NO: 92, SEQ ID NO: 93, SEQ ID NO: 94, SEQ ID NO: 95, or SEQ ID NO: 96,

[0152] (j) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 10, SEQ ID NO: 100, SEQ ID NO: 101, SEQ ID NO: 102, SEQ ID NO: 103, or SEQ ID NO: 104, and

[0153] (k) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 12, SEQ ID NO: 106, SEQ ID NO: 107, SEQ ID NO: 108, or SEQ ID NO: 109.

[0154] In some aspects, the bacterial composition comprises a first 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 13 or SEQ ID NO: 110 and a second 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in any one of SEQID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 61, SEQ ID NO: 62, SEQ ID NO: 63, SEQ ID NO: 64, SEQ ID NO: 65, SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 3, SEQ ID NO: 71, SEQ ID NO: 72, SEQ ID NO: 73, SEQ ID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO: 74, SEQ ID NO: 75, SEQ ID NO: 76, SEQ ID NO: 77, SEQ ID NO: 78, SEQ ID NO: 5, SEQ ID NO: 79, SEQ ID NO: 80, SEQ ID NO: 81, SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 82, SEQ ID NO: 83, SEQ ID NO: 84, SEQ ID NO: 85, SEQ ID NO: 86, SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 87, SEQ ID NO: 88, SEQ ID NO: 89, SEQ ID NO: 90, SEQ ID NO: 91, SEQ ID NO: 8, SEQ ID NO: 92, SEQ ID NO: 93, SEQ ID NO: 94, SEQ ID NO: 95, SEQ ID NO: 96, SEQ ID NO: 10, SEQ ID NO: 100, SEQ ID NO: 101, SEQ ID NO: 102, SEQ ID NO: 103, SEQ ID NO: 104, SEQ ID NO: 12, SEQ ID NO: 106, SEQ ID NO: 107, SEQ ID NO: 108, or SEQ ID NO: 109.

[0155] In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises each of the following:

[0156] (a) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 13 or SEQ ID NO: 110;

[0157] (b) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 61, SEQ ID NO: 62, SEQ ID NO: 63, SEQ ID NO: 64, or SEQ ID NO: 65,

[0158] (c) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 66, SEQ ID NO: 67, SEQ ID NO: 68, SEQ ID NO: 69, or SEQ ID NO: 70,

[0159] (d) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 3, SEQ ID NO: 71, SEQ ID NO: 72, or SEQ ID NO: 73,

[0160] (e) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO: 74, SEQ ID NO: 75, SEQ ID NO: 76, SEQ ID NO: 77, or SEQ ID NO: 78„

[0161] (f) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 5, SEQ ID NO: 79, SEQ ID NO: 80, or SEQ ID NO: 81,

[0162] (g) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 82, SEQ ID NO: 83, SEQ ID NO: 84, SEQ ID NO: 85, or SEQ ID NO: 86,

[0163] (h) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 87, SEQ ID NO: 88, SEQ ID NO: 89, SEQ ID NO: 90, or SEQ ID NO: 91,

[0164] (i) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 8, SEQ ID NO: 92, SEQ ID NO: 93, SEQ ID NO: 94, SEQ ID NO: 95, or SEQ ID NO: 96,

[0165] (j) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 10, SEQ ID NO: 100, SEQ ID NO: 101, SEQ ID NO: 102, SEQ ID NO: 103, or SEQ ID NO: 104, and

[0166] (k) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 12, SEQ ID NO: 106, SEQ ID NO: 107, SEQ ID NO: 108, or SEQ ID NO: 109.

[0167] In some aspects, the bacterial composition comprises a first 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 14, SEQ ID NO: 111, SEQ ID NO: 112, SEQ ID NO: 113, or SEQ ID NO: 114 and a second 16S rDNA sequence that has asequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in any one of SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 61, SEQ ID NO: 62, SEQ ID NO: 63, SEQ ID NO: 64, SEQ ID NO: 65, SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 66, SEQ ID NO: 67, SEQ ID NO: 68, SEQ ID NO: 69, SEQ ID NO: 70, SEQ ID NO: 3, SEQ ID NO: 71, SEQ ID NO: 72, SEQ ID NO: 73, SEQ ID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO: 74, SEQ ID NO: 75, SEQ ID NO: 76, SEQ ID NO: 77, SEQ ID NO: 78, SEQ ID NO: 5, SEQ ID NO: 79, SEQ ID NO: 80, SEQ ID NO: 81, SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 82, SEQ ID NO: 83, SEQ ID NO: 84, SEQ ID NO: 85, SEQ ID NO: 86, SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 87, SEQ ID NO: 88, SEQ ID NO: 89, SEQ ID NO: 90, SEQ ID NO: 91, SEQ ID NO: 8, SEQ ID NO: 92, SEQ ID NO: 93, SEQ ID NO: 94, SEQ ID NO: 95, SEQ ID NO: 96, SEQ ID NO: 10, SEQ ID NO: 100, SEQ ID NO: 101, SEQ ID NO: 102, SEQ ID NO: 103, SEQ ID NO: 104, SEQ ID NO: 12, SEQ ID NO: 106, SEQ ID NO: 107, SEQ ID NO: 108, or SEQ ID NO: 109.

[0168] In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises each of the following:

[0169] (a) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 14, SEQ ID NO: 111, SEQ ID NO: 112, SEQ ID NO: 113, or SEQ ID NO: 114;

[0170] (b) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 61, SEQ ID NO: 62, SEQ ID NO: 63, SEQ ID NO: 64, or SEQ ID NO: 65,

[0171] (c) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 66, SEQ ID NO: 67, SEQ ID NO: 68, SEQ ID NO: 69, or SEQ ID NO: 70,

[0172] (d) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 3, SEQ ID NO: 71, SEQ ID NO: 72, or SEQ ID NO: 73,

[0173] (e) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO: 74, SEQ ID NO: 75, SEQ ID NO: 76, SEQ ID NO: 77, or SEQ ID NO: 78,

[0174] (f) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 5, SEQ ID NO: 79, SEQ ID NO: 80, or SEQ ID NO: 81,

[0175] (g) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 82, SEQ ID NO: 83, SEQ ID NO: 84, SEQ ID NO: 85, SEQ ID NO: 86,

[0176] (h) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 87, SEQ ID NO: 88, SEQ ID NO: 89, SEQ ID NO: 90, or SEQ ID NO: 91,

[0177] (i) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 8, SEQ ID NO: 92, SEQ ID NO: 93, SEQ ID NO: 94, SEQ ID NO: 95, or SEQ ID NO: 96,

[0178] (j) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 10, SEQ ID NO: 100, SEQ ID NO: 101, SEQ ID NO: 102, SEQ ID NO: 103, or SEQ ID NO: 104, and

[0179] (k) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 12, SEQ ID NO: 106, SEQ ID NO: 107, SEQ ID NO: 108, or SEQ ID NO: 109.

[0180] In some aspects, the bacterial composition comprises a first 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 15, SEQ ID NO: 115, or SEQ ID NO: 116 and a second 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in any one of SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 61, SEQ ID NO: 62, SEQ ID NO: 63, SEQ ID NO: 64, SEQ ID NO: 65, SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 66, SEQ ID NO: 67, SEQ ID NO: 68, SEQ ID NO: 69, SEQ ID NO: 70, SEQ ID NO: 3, SEQ ID NO: 71, SEQ ID NO: 72, SEQ ID NO: 73, SEQ ID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO: 74, SEQ ID NO: 75, SEQ ID NO: 76, SEQ ID NO: 77, SEQ ID NO: 78, SEQ ID NO: 5, SEQ ID NO: 79, SEQ ID NO: 80, SEQ ID NO: 81, SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 82, SEQ ID NO: 83, SEQ ID NO: 84, SEQ ID NO: 85, SEQ ID NO: 86, SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 87, SEQ ID NO: 88, SEQ ID NO: 89, SEQ ID NO: 90, SEQ ID NO: 91, SEQ ID NO: 8, SEQ ID NO: 92, SEQ ID NO: 93, SEQ ID NO: 94, SEQ ID NO: 95, SEQ ID NO: 96, SEQ ID NO: 10, SEQ ID NO: 100, SEQ ID NO: 101, SEQ ID NO: 102, SEQ ID NO: 103, SEQ ID NO: 104, SEQ ID NO: 12, SEQ ID NO: 106, SEQ ID NO: 107, SEQ ID NO: 108, or SEQ ID NO: 109.

[0181] In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises each of the following:

[0182] (a) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 15, SEQ ID NO: 115, or SEQ ID NO: 116;

[0183] (b) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 61, SEQ ID NO: 62, SEQ ID NO: 63, SEQ ID NO: 64, or SEQ ID NO: 65,

[0184] (c) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 66, SEQ ID NO: 67, SEQ ID NO: 68, SEQ ID NO: 69, or SEQ ID NO: 70,

[0185] (d) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, atleast about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 3, SEQ ID NO: 71, SEQ ID NO: 72, or SEQ ID NO: 73,

[0186] (e) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO: 74, SEQ ID NO: 75, SEQ ID NO: 76, SEQ ID NO: 77, or SEQ ID NO: 78,

[0187] (f) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 5, SEQ ID NO: 79, SEQ ID NO: 80, or SEQ ID NO: 81,

[0188] (g) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 82, SEQ ID NO: 83, SEQ ID NO: 84, SEQ ID NO: 85, SEQ ID NO: 86,

[0189] (h) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 87, SEQ ID NO: 88, SEQ ID NO: 89, SEQ ID NO: 90, or SEQ ID NO: 91,

[0190] (i) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 8, SEQ ID NO: 92, SEQ ID NO: 93, SEQ ID NO: 94, SEQ ID NO: 95, or SEQ ID NO: 96,

[0191] 0) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 10, SEQ ID NO: 100, SEQ ID NO: 101, SEQ ID NO: 102, SEQ ID NO: 103, or SEQ ID NO: 104, and

[0192] (k) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, atleast about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 12, SEQ ID NO: 106, SEQ ID NO: 107, SEQ ID NO: 108, or SEQ ID NO: 109.

[0193] In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises each of the following:

[0194] (a) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 11 or SEQ ID NO: 105;

[0195] (b) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 13 or SEQ ID NO: 110;

[0196] (c) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 14, SEQ ID NO: 111, SEQ ID NO: 112, SEQ ID NO: 113, or SEQ ID NO: 114;

[0197] (d) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 15, SEQ ID NO: 115, or SEQ ID NO: 116;

[0198] (e) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 61, SEQ ID NO: 62, SEQ ID NO: 63, SEQ ID NO: 64, or SEQ ID NO: 65,

[0199] (f) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 66, SEQ ID NO: 67, SEQ ID NO: 68, SEQ ID NO: 69, or SEQ ID NO: 70,

[0200] (g) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 3, SEQ ID NO: 71, SEQ ID NO: 72, or SEQ ID NO: 73,

[0201] (h) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO: 74, SEQ ID NO: 75, SEQ ID NO: 76, SEQ ID NO: 77, or SEQ ID NO: 78,

[0202] (i) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 5, SEQ ID NO: 79, SEQ ID NO: 80, or SEQ ID NO: 81,

[0203] (j) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 82, SEQ ID NO: 83, SEQ ID NO: 84, SEQ ID NO: 85, SEQ ID NO: 86,

[0204] (k) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 87, SEQ ID NO: 88, SEQ ID NO: 89, SEQ ID NO: 90, or SEQ ID NO: 91,

[0205] (1) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 8, SEQ ID NO: 92, SEQ ID NO: 93, SEQ ID NO: 94, SEQ ID NO: 95, or SEQ ID NO: 96,

[0206] (m) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 10, SEQ ID NO: 100, SEQ ID NO: 101, SEQ ID NO: 102, SEQ ID NO: 103, or SEQ ID NO: 104, and

[0207] (n) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 12, SEQ ID NO: 106, SEQ ID NO: 107, SEQ ID NO: 108, or SEQ ID NO: 109.

[0208] In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria further comprises: (a) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 16, SEQ ID NO:117, SEQ ID NO: 118, SEQ ID NO: 119, or SEQ ID NO: 120, or (b) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 17, SEQ ID NO: 121, SEQ ID NO: 122, SEQ ID NO: 123, SEQ ID NO: 124, SEQ ID NO: 28, or SEQ ID NO: 165.

[0209] In some aspects, the pluraity of bacteria further comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 16, SEQ ID NO: 117, SEQ ID NO: 118, SEQ ID NO: 119, or SEQ ID NO: 120. Accordingly, in some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises a first 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 16, SEQ ID NO: 117, SEQ ID NO: 118, SEQ ID NO: 119, or SEQ ID NO: 120 and a second 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in any one of SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 61, SEQ ID NO: 62, SEQ ID NO: 63, SEQ ID NO: 64, SEQ ID NO: 65, SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 66, SEQ ID NO: 67, SEQ ID NO: 68, SEQ ID NO: 69, SEQ ID NO: 70, SEQ ID NO: 3, SEQ ID NO: 71, SEQ ID NO: 72, SEQ ID NO: 73, SEQ ID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO: 74, SEQ ID NO: 75, SEQ ID NO: 76, SEQ ID NO: 77, SEQ ID NO: 78, SEQ ID NO: 5, SEQ ID NO: 79, SEQ ID NO: 80, SEQ ID NO: 81, SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 82, SEQ ID NO: 83, SEQ ID NO: 84, SEQ ID NO: 85, SEQ ID NO: 86, SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 87, SEQ ID NO: 88, SEQ ID NO: 89, SEQ ID NO: 90, SEQ ID NO: 91, SEQ ID NO: 8, SEQ ID NO: 92, SEQ ID NO: 93, SEQ ID NO: 94, SEQ ID NO: 95, SEQ ID NO: 96, SEQ ID NO: 10, SEQ ID NO: 100, SEQ ID NO: 101, SEQ ID NO: 102, SEQ ID NO: 103, SEQ ID NO: 104, SEQ ID NO: 12, SEQ ID NO: 106, SEQ ID NO: 107, SEQ ID NO: 108, or SEQ ID NO: 109.

[0210] In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises each of the following:

[0211] (1) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 16, SEQ ID NO: 117, SEQ ID NO: 118, SEQ ID NO: 119, or SEQ ID NO: 120;

[0212] (2) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 61, SEQ ID NO: 62, SEQ ID NO: 63, SEQ ID NO: 64, or SEQ ID NO: 65,

[0213] (3) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 66, SEQ ID NO: 67, SEQ ID NO: 68, SEQ ID NO: 69, or SEQ ID NO: 70,

[0214] (4) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 3, SEQ ID NO: 71, SEQ ID NO: 72, or SEQ ID NO: 73,

[0215] (5) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO: 74, SEQ ID NO: 75, SEQ ID NO: 76, SEQ ID NO: 77, or SEQ ID NO: 78,

[0216] (6) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 5, SEQ ID NO: 79, SEQ ID NO: 80, or SEQ ID NO: 81,

[0217] (7) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 82, SEQ ID NO: 83, SEQ ID NO: 84, SEQ ID NO: 85, or SEQ ID NO: 86,

[0218] (8) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 87, SEQ ID NO: 88, SEQ ID NO: 89, SEQ ID NO: 90, or SEQ ID NO: 91,

[0219] (9) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, atleast about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 8, SEQ ID NO: 92, SEQ ID NO: 93, SEQ ID NO: 94, SEQ ID NO: 95, or SEQ ID NO: 96,

[0220] (10) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 10, SEQ ID NO: 100, SEQ ID NO: 101, SEQ ID NO: 102, SEQ ID NO: 103, or SEQ ID NO: 104, and

[0221] (11) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 12, SEQ ID NO: 106, SEQ ID NO: 107, SEQ ID NO: 108, or SEQ ID NO: 109.

[0222] In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 17, SEQ ID NO: 121, SEQ ID NO: 122, SEQ ID NO: 123, or SEQ ID NO: 124. Accordingly, in some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises a first 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identify of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 17, SEQ ID NO: 121, SEQ ID NO: 122, SEQ ID NO: 123, or SEQ ID NO: 124 and a second 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in any one of SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 61, SEQ ID NO: 62, SEQ ID NO: 63, SEQ ID NO: 64, SEQ ID NO: 65, SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 66, SEQ ID NO: 67, SEQ ID NO: 68, SEQ ID NO: 69, SEQ ID NO: 70, SEQ ID NO: 3, SEQ ID NO: 71, SEQ ID NO: 72, SEQ ID NO: 73, SEQ ID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO: 74, SEQ ID NO: 75, SEQ ID NO: 76, SEQ ID NO: 77, SEQ ID NO: 78, SEQ ID NO: 5, SEQ ID NO: 79, SEQ ID NO: 80, SEQ ID NO: 81, SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 82, SEQ ID NO: 83, SEQ ID NO: 84, SEQ ID NO: 85, SEQ ID NO: 86, SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 87, SEQ ID NO: 88, SEQ ID NO: 89, SEQ ID NO: 90, SEQ ID NO: 91, SEQ ID NO: 8, SEQ ID NO: 92, SEQ ID NO: 93, SEQ ID NO: 94, SEQ ID NO: 95, SEQ ID NO: 96, SEQ ID NO: 10, SEQ ID NO: 100, SEQ ID NO: 101, SEQ ID NO: 102, SEQ ID NO: 103, SEQ ID NO: 104, SEQ ID NO: 12, SEQ ID NO: 106, SEQ ID NO: 107, SEQ ID NO: 108, or SEQ ID NO: 109.

[0223] In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises each of the following:

[0224] (1) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 17, SEQ ID NO: 121, SEQ ID NO: 122, SEQ ID NO: 123, or SEQ ID NO: 124;

[0225] (2) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 61, SEQ ID NO: 62, SEQ ID NO: 63, SEQ ID NO: 64, or SEQ ID NO: 65,

[0226] (3) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 66, SEQ ID NO: 67, SEQ ID NO: 68, SEQ ID NO: 69, or SEQ ID NO: 70,

[0227] (4) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 3, SEQ ID NO: 71, SEQ ID NO: 72, or SEQ ID NO: 73,

[0228] (5) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO: 74, SEQ ID NO: 75, SEQ ID NO: 76, SEQ ID NO: 77, or SEQ ID NO: 78,

[0229] (6) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 5, SEQ ID NO: 79, SEQ ID NO: 80, or SEQ ID NO: 81,

[0230] (7) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 82, SEQ ID NO: 83, SEQ ID NO: 84, SEQ ID NO: 85, or SEQ ID NO: 86,

[0231] (8) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 87, SEQ ID NO: 88, SEQ ID NO: 89, SEQ ID NO: 90, or SEQ ID NO: 91,

[0232] (9) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 8, SEQ ID NO: 92, SEQ ID NO: 93, SEQ ID NO: 94, SEQ ID NO: 95, or SEQ ID NO: 96,

[0233] (10) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 10, SEQ ID NO: 100, SEQ ID NO: 101, SEQ ID NO: 102, SEQ ID NO: 103, or SEQ ID NO: 104, and

[0234] (11) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 12, SEQ ID NO: 106, SEQ ID NO: 107, SEQ ID NO: 108, or SEQ ID NO: 109

[0235] In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO:28. For example, in some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises a first 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 28 or SEQ ID NO: 165 and a second 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in any one of SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 61, SEQ ID NO: 62, SEQ ID NO: 63, SEQ ID NO: 64, SEQ ID NO: 65, SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 66, SEQ ID NO: 67, SEQ ID NO: 68, SEQ ID NO: 69, SEQ ID NO: 70, SEQ ID NO: 3, SEQ ID NO: 71, SEQ ID NO: 72, SEQ ID NO: 73, SEQ ID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO: 74, SEQ ID NO: 75, SEQ ID NO: 76, SEQ ID NO: 77, SEQ ID NO: 78, SEQ ID NO: 5, SEQ ID NO: 79, SEQ ID NO: 80, SEQ IDNO: 81, SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 82, SEQ ID NO: 83, SEQ ID NO: 84, SEQ ID NO: 85, SEQ ID NO: 86, SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 87, SEQ ID NO: 88, SEQ ID NO: 89, SEQ ID NO: 90, or SEQ ID NO: 91, SEQ ID NO: 8, SEQ ID NO: 92, SEQ ID NO: 93, SEQ ID NO: 94, SEQ ID NO: 95, SEQ ID NO: 96, SEQ ID NO: 10, SEQ ID NO: 100, SEQ ID NO: 101, SEQ ID NO: 102, SEQ ID NO: 103, SEQ ID NO: 104, SEQ ID NO: 12, SEQ ID NO: 106, SEQ ID NO: 107, SEQ ID NO: 108, or SEQ ID NO: 109.

[0236] In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises each of the following:

[0237] (1) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 28 or SEQ ID NO: 165;

[0238] (2) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 61, SEQ ID NO: 62, SEQ ID NO: 63, SEQ ID NO: 64, or SEQ ID NO: 65,

[0239] (3) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 66, SEQ ID NO: 67, SEQ ID NO: 68, SEQ ID NO: 69, or SEQ ID NO: 70,

[0240] (4) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 3, SEQ ID NO: 71, SEQ ID NO: 72, or SEQ ID NO: 73,

[0241] (5) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO: 74, SEQ ID NO: 75, SEQ ID NO: 76, SEQ ID NO: 77, or SEQ ID NO: 78,

[0242] (6) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, atleast about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 5, SEQ ID NO: 79, SEQ ID NO: 80, or SEQ ID NO: 81,

[0243] (7) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 82, SEQ ID NO: 83, SEQ ID NO: 84, SEQ ID NO: 85, or SEQ ID NO: 86,

[0244] (8) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 87, SEQ ID NO: 88, SEQ ID NO: 89, SEQ ID NO: 90, or SEQ ID NO: 91,

[0245] (9) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 8, SEQ ID NO: 92, SEQ ID NO: 93, SEQ ID NO: 94, SEQ ID NO: 95, or SEQ ID NO: 96,

[0246] (10) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 10, SEQ ID NO: 100, SEQ ID NO: 101, SEQ ID NO: 102, SEQ ID NO: 103, or SEQ ID NO: 104, and

[0247] (11) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 12, SEQ ID NO: 106, SEQ ID NO: 107, SEQ ID NO: 108, or SEQ ID NO: 109.

[0248] In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises each of the following:

[0249] (1) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 16, SEQ ID NO: 117, SEQ ID NO: 118, SEQ ID NO: 119, or SEQ ID NO: 120;

[0250] (2) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQID NO: 17, SEQ ID NO: 121, SEQ ID NO: 122, SEQ ID NO: 123, SEQ ID NO: 124, SEQ ID NO: 28, or SEQ ID NO: 165;

[0251] (3) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 61, SEQ ID NO: 62, SEQ ID NO: 63, SEQ ID NO: 64, or SEQ ID NO: 65,

[0252] (4) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 66, SEQ ID NO: 67, SEQ ID NO: 68, SEQ ID NO: 69, or SEQ ID NO: 70,

[0253] (5) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 3, SEQ ID NO: 71, SEQ ID NO: 72, or SEQ ID NO: 73,

[0254] (6) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO: 74, SEQ ID NO: 75, SEQ ID NO: 76, SEQ ID NO: 77, or SEQ ID NO: 78,

[0255] (7) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 5, SEQ ID NO: 79, SEQ ID NO: 80, or SEQ ID NO: 81,

[0256] (8) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 82, SEQ ID NO: 83, SEQ ID NO: 84, SEQ ID NO: 85, or SEQ ID NO: 86,

[0257] (9) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, atleast about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 87, SEQ ID NO: 88, SEQ ID NO: 89, SEQ ID NO: 90, or SEQ ID NO: 91,

[0258] (10) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 8, SEQ ID NO: 92, SEQ ID NO: 93, SEQ ID NO: 94, SEQ ID NO: 95, or SEQ ID NO: 96,

[0259] (11) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 10, SEQ ID NO: 100, SEQ ID NO: 101, SEQ ID NO: 102, SEQ ID NO: 103, or SEQ ID NO: 104, and

[0260] (12) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 12, SEQ ID NO: 106, SEQ ID NO: 107, SEQ ID NO: 108, or SEQ ID NO: 109.

[0261] In some aspects, the plaurality of bacteria provided herein further comprises: (a) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 18 or SEQ ID NO: 125, (b) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 19, SEQ ID NO: 126, SEQ ID NO: 127, SEQ ID NO: 128, SEQ ID NO: 129, SEQ ID NO: 130, or SEQ ID NO: 131, or (c) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 20 or SEQ ID NO: 132.

[0262] In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises a first 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 18 or SEQ ID NO: 125 and a second 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in any one of SEQ ID NO:1, SEQ ID NO: 61, SEQ ID NO: 62, SEQ ID NO: 63, SEQ ID NO: 64, SEQ ID NO: 65, SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 66, SEQ ID NO: 67, SEQ ID NO: 68, SEQ ID NO: 69, SEQ ID NO: 70, SEQ ID NO: 3, SEQ ID NO: 71, SEQ ID NO: 72, SEQ ID NO: 73, SEQ ID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO: 74, SEQ ID NO: 75, SEQ ID NO: 76, SEQ ID NO: 77, SEQ ID NO: 78, SEQ ID NO: 5, SEQ ID NO: 79, SEQ ID NO: 80, SEQ ID NO: 81, SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 82, SEQ ID NO: 83, SEQ ID NO: 84, SEQ ID NO: 85, SEQ ID NO: 86, SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 87, SEQ ID NO: 88, SEQ ID NO: 89, SEQ ID NO: 90, SEQ ID NO: 91, SEQ ID NO: 8, SEQ ID NO: 92, SEQ ID NO: 93, SEQ ID NO: 94, SEQ ID NO: 95, SEQ ID NO: 96, SEQ ID NO: 10, SEQ ID NO: 100, SEQ ID NO: 101, SEQ ID NO: 102, SEQ ID NO: 103, SEQ ID NO: 104, SEQ ID NO: 12, SEQ ID NO: 106, SEQ ID NO: 107, SEQ ID NO: 108, or SEQ ID NO: 109.

[0263] In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises each of the following:

[0264] (1) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 18 or SEQ ID NO: 125;

[0265] (2) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 61, SEQ ID NO: 62, SEQ ID NO: 63, SEQ ID NO: 64, or SEQ ID NO: 65,

[0266] (3) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 66, SEQ ID NO: 67, SEQ ID NO: 68, SEQ ID NO: 69, or SEQ ID NO: 70,

[0267] (4) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 3, SEQ ID NO: 71, SEQ ID NO: 72, or SEQ ID NO: 73,

[0268] (5) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO: 74, SEQ ID NO: 75, SEQ ID NO: 76, SEQ ID NO: 77, or SEQ ID NO: 78,

[0269] (6) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 5, SEQ ID NO: 79, SEQ ID NO: 80, or SEQ ID NO: 81,

[0270] (7) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 82, SEQ ID NO: 83, SEQ ID NO: 84, SEQ ID NO: 85, or SEQ ID NO: 86,

[0271] (8) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 87, SEQ ID NO: 88, SEQ ID NO: 89, SEQ ID NO: 90, or SEQ ID NO: 91,

[0272] (9) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 8, SEQ ID NO: 92, SEQ ID NO: 93, SEQ ID NO: 94, SEQ ID NO: 95, or SEQ ID NO: 96,

[0273] (10) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 10, SEQ ID NO: 100, SEQ ID NO: 101, SEQ ID NO: 102, SEQ ID NO: 103, or SEQ ID NO: 104, and

[0274] (11) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 12, SEQ ID NO: 106, SEQ ID NO: 107, SEQ ID NO: 108, or SEQ ID NO: 109.

[0275] In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises a first 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%,or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 19, SEQ ID NO: 126, SEQ ID NO: 127, SEQ ID NO: 128, SEQ ID NO: 129, SEQ ID NO: 130, or SEQ ID NO: 131 and a second 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in any one of SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 61, SEQ ID NO: 62, SEQ ID NO: 63, SEQ ID NO: 64, SEQ ID NO: 65, SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 66, SEQ ID NO: 67, SEQ ID NO: 68, SEQ ID NO: 69, SEQ ID NO: 70, SEQ ID NO: 3, SEQ ID NO: 71, SEQ ID NO: 72, SEQ ID NO: 73, SEQ ID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO: 74, SEQ ID NO: 75, SEQ ID NO: 76, SEQ ID NO: 77, SEQ ID NO: 78, SEQ ID NO: 5, SEQ ID NO: 79, SEQ ID NO: 80, SEQ ID NO: 81, SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 82, SEQ ID NO: 83, SEQ ID NO: 84, SEQ ID NO: 85, SEQ ID NO: 86, SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 87, SEQ ID NO: 88, SEQ ID NO: 89, SEQ ID NO: 90, SEQ ID NO: 91, SEQ ID NO: 8, SEQ ID NO: 92, SEQ ID NO: 93, SEQ ID NO: 94, SEQ ID NO: 95, SEQ ID NO: 96, SEQ ID NO: 10, SEQ ID NO: 100, SEQ ID NO: 101, SEQ ID NO: 102, SEQ ID NO: 103, SEQ ID NO: 104, SEQ ID NO: 12, SEQ ID NO: 106, SEQ ID NO: 107, SEQ ID NO: 108, or SEQ ID NO: 109.

[0276] In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises each of the following:

[0277] (1) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 19, SEQ ID NO: 126, SEQ ID NO: 127, SEQ ID NO: 128, SEQ ID NO: 129, SEQ ID NO: 130, or SEQ ID NO: 131;

[0278] (2) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 61, SEQ ID NO: 62, SEQ ID NO: 63, SEQ ID NO: 64, or SEQ ID NO: 65,

[0279] (3) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 66, SEQ ID NO: 67, SEQ ID NO: 68, SEQ ID NO: 69, or SEQ ID NO: 70,

[0280] (4) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, atleast about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 3, SEQ ID NO: 71, SEQ ID NO: 72, or SEQ ID NO: 73,

[0281] (5) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO: 74, SEQ ID NO: 75, SEQ ID NO: 76, SEQ ID NO: 77, or SEQ ID NO: 78,

[0282] (6) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 5, SEQ ID NO: 79, SEQ ID NO: 80, or SEQ ID NO: 81,

[0283] (7) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 82, SEQ ID NO: 83, SEQ ID NO: 84, SEQ ID NO: 85, or SEQ ID NO: 86,

[0284] (8) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 87, SEQ ID NO: 88, SEQ ID NO: 89, SEQ ID NO: 90, or SEQ ID NO: 91,

[0285] (9) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 8, SEQ ID NO: 92, SEQ ID NO: 93, SEQ ID NO: 94, SEQ ID NO: 95, SEQ ID NO: 96,

[0286] (10) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 10, SEQ ID NO: 100, SEQ ID NO: 101, SEQ ID NO: 102, SEQ ID NO: 103, or SEQ ID NO: 104, and

[0287] (11) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%,at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 12, SEQ ID NO: 106, SEQ ID NO: 107, SEQ ID NO: 108, or SEQ ID NO: 109.

[0288] In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises a first 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 20 or SEQ ID NO: 132 and a second 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in any one of SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 61, SEQ ID NO: 62, SEQ ID NO: 63, SEQ ID NO: 64, SEQ ID NO: 65, SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 66, SEQ ID NO: 67, SEQ ID NO: 68, SEQ ID NO: 69, SEQ ID NO: 70, SEQ ID NO: 3, SEQ ID NO: 71, SEQ ID NO: 72, SEQ ID NO: 73, SEQ ID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO: 74, SEQ ID NO: 75, SEQ ID NO: 76, SEQ ID NO: 77, SEQ ID NO: 78, SEQ ID NO: 5, SEQ ID NO: 79, SEQ ID NO: 80, SEQ ID NO: 81, SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 82, SEQ ID NO: 83, SEQ ID NO: 84, SEQ ID NO: 85, SEQ ID NO: 86, SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 87, SEQ ID NO: 88, SEQ ID NO: 89, SEQ ID NO: 90, SEQ ID NO: 91, SEQ ID NO: 8, SEQ ID NO: 92, SEQ ID NO: 93, SEQ ID NO: 94, SEQ ID NO: 95, SEQ ID NO: 96, SEQ ID NO: 10, SEQ ID NO: 100, SEQ ID NO: 101, SEQ ID NO: 102, SEQ ID NO: 103, SEQ ID NO: 104, SEQ ID NO: 12, SEQ ID NO: 106, SEQ ID NO: 107, SEQ ID NO: 108, or SEQ ID NO: 109.

[0289] In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises each of the following:

[0290] (1) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 20 or SEQ ID NO: 132;

[0291] (2) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 61, SEQ ID NO: 62, SEQ ID NO: 63, SEQ ID NO: 64, or SEQ ID NO: 65,

[0292] (3) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 66, SEQ ID NO: 67, SEQ ID NO: 68, SEQ ID NO: 69, or SEQ ID NO: 70,

[0293] (4) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 3, SEQ ID NO: 71, SEQ ID NO: 72, or SEQ ID NO: 73,

[0294] (5) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO: 74, SEQ ID NO: 75, SEQ ID NO: 76, SEQ ID NO: 77, or SEQ ID NO: 78,

[0295] (6) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 5, SEQ ID NO: 79, SEQ ID NO: 80, or SEQ ID NO: 81,

[0296] (7) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 82, SEQ ID NO: 83, SEQ ID NO: 84, SEQ ID NO: 85, or SEQ ID NO: 86,

[0297] (8) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 87, SEQ ID NO: 88, SEQ ID NO: 89, SEQ ID NO: 90, or SEQ ID NO: 91,

[0298] (9) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 8, SEQ ID NO: 92, SEQ ID NO: 93, SEQ ID NO: 94, SEQ ID NO: 95, or SEQ ID NO: 96,

[0299] (10) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth inSEQ ID NO: 10, SEQ ID NO: 100, SEQ ID NO: 101, SEQ ID NO: 102, SEQ ID NO: 103, or SEQ ID NO: 104, and

[0300] (11) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 12, SEQ ID NO: 106, SEQ ID NO: 107, SEQ ID NO: 108, or SEQ ID NO: 109.

[0301] In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises each of the following:

[0302] (1) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 18 or SEQ ID NO: 125;

[0303] (2) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 19, SEQ ID NO: 126, SEQ ID NO: 127, SEQ ID NO: 128, SEQ ID NO: 129, SEQ ID NO: 130, or SEQ ID NO: 131;

[0304] (3) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 20 or SEQ ID NO: 132;

[0305] (4) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 61, SEQ ID NO: 62, SEQ ID NO: 63, SEQ ID NO: 64, or SEQ ID NO: 65,

[0306] (5) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 66, SEQ ID NO: 67, SEQ ID NO: 68, SEQ ID NO: 69, or SEQ ID NO: 70,

[0307] (6) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 3, SEQ ID NO: 71, SEQ ID NO: 72, or SEQ ID NO: 73,

[0308] (7) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO: 74, SEQ ID NO: 75, SEQ ID NO: 76, SEQ ID NO: 77, or SEQ ID NO: 78,

[0309] (8) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 5, SEQ ID NO: 79, SEQ ID NO: 80, or SEQ ID NO: 81,

[0310] (9) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 82, SEQ ID NO: 83, SEQ ID NO: 84, SEQ ID NO: 85, or SEQ ID NO: 86,

[0311] (10) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 87, SEQ ID NO: 88, SEQ ID NO: 89, SEQ ID NO: 90, or SEQ ID NO: 91,

[0312] (11) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 8, SEQ ID NO: 92, SEQ ID NO: 93, SEQ ID NO: 94, SEQ ID NO: 95, or SEQ ID NO: 96,

[0313] (12) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 10, SEQ ID NO: 100, SEQ ID NO: 101, SEQ ID NO: 102, SEQ ID NO: 103, or SEQ ID NO: 104, and

[0314] (13) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 97.5%, at least about 98%, at least about 98.5%,at least about 99%, at least about 99.5%, or about 100% to the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 12, SEQ ID NO: 106, SEQ ID NO: 107, SEQ ID NO: 108, or SEQ ID NO: 109.

[0315] In some aspects, the plurality of bacteria comprises: (a) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 21 or SEQ ID NO: 133, (b) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 22 or SEQ ID NO: 134, or (c) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 23, SEQ ID NO: 135, SEQ ID NO: 136, SEQ ID NO: 137, SEQ ID NO: 138, ...

Claims

WHAT IS CLAIMED IS:

1. A method of treating a chronic liver disease in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering to the subject a composition comprising a plurality of bacteria, wherein the plurality of bacteria comprises a first species of bacteria and a second species of bacteria, wherein the first species and the second species are not the same, and wherein the first species and the second species are independently selected from Anaerotruncus colihominis. Blautia coccoides. Blautia hominis. Blautia obeum. Blautia w exlerae. Butyricicoccus sp2, Clostridium aldenense. Clostridium bolleae. Clostridium innocuum. Clostridium scindens. Clostridium symbiosum. Dorea longicatena, Eisenbergiella tayi, Emergencia limonensis. Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum. Eubacterium callanderi. Faecalicatena corlorla. Faecalicatena orolica. Flavonifractor plautii. Hungatella effluvii. Intestinimonas butyr iciproducens. Intestinimonas massiliensis. Lactonifactor longoviformis. Lawsonibacter sp7,Massilimaliae limonensis. Murimonas intestini. Niameybacter spi, Ruminococcaceae NG13 sp6, or Turicibacter sanguinis.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein treating a chronic liver disease comprises (i) reducing or preventing an incidence of an infection in the subject, (ii) reducing or preventing a symptom of the chronic liver disease in the subject, or (iii) both (i) and (ii).

3. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the chronic liver disease is caused by and / or associated with a toxin (e.g., prolonged alcohol and / or drug abuse), an infection, a metabolic disorder, an autoimmune disease, a genetic abnormality, or combinations thereof.

4. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the chronic liver disease is idiopathic.

5. The method of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the chronic liver disease comprises a cirrhosis, liver fibrosis, alcoholic liver disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), non- alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), hepatitis (including viral and alcoholic hepatitis), primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), alpha- 1 antitrypsin deficiency, hereditary hemochromatosis, Wilson's disease, autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), Budd-Chiari syndrome, and combinations thereof.

6. The method of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the chronic liver disease comprises fluid buildup in the belly (ascites), vomiting, gallstones, itching, jaundice, kidney failure, muscle loss,loss of appetite, bruising, spider-like veins in the skin, fatigue, weight loss, confusion, swelling in the legs (e.g., ankles), portal hypertension, hepatic encephalopathy, and combinations thereof.

7. A method of treating a neutropenia in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering to the subject a composition comprising a plurality of bacteria, wherein the plurality of bacteria comprises a first species of bacteria and a second species of bacteria, wherein the first species and the second species are not the same, and wherein the first species and the second species are independently selected from Anaerotruncus colihominis, Blautia coccoides, Blautia hominis, Blautia obeum, Blautia wexlerae, Butyricicoccus sp2, Clostridium aldenense, Clostridium bolleae, Clostridium innocuum, Clostridium scindens, Clostridium symbiosum, Dorea longicalena, Eisenbergiella tayi, Emergencia limonensis, Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, Eubacterium callanderi, Faecalicatena corlorla, Faecalicatena orolica, Flavonifractor plautii. Hungatella effluvii, Intestinimonas butyr iciproducens, Intestinimonas massiliensis, Lactonifactor longoviformis, Lawsonibacter sp7,Massilimaliae limonensis. Murimonas inleslini. Niameybacter spl, Ruminococcaceae NG13 sp6, or Turicibacter sanguinis.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein treating a neutropenia comprises (i) reducing or preventing an incidence of an infection in the subject, (ii) reducing or preventing a symptom of the neutropenia in the subject, or (iii) both (i) and (ii).

9. The method of claim 7 or 8, wherein the neutropenia comprises a cancer neutropenia.

10. A method of treating a disease or disorder associated with a solid organ transplantation in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering to the subject a composition comprising a plurality of bacteria, wherein the plurality of bacteria comprises a first species of bacteria and a second species of bacteria, wherein the first species and the second species are not the same, and wherein the first species and the second species are independently selected from Anaerotruncus colihominis, Blautia coccoides, Blautia hominis, Blautia obeum, Blautia wexlerae, Butyricicoccus sp2, Clostridium aldenense, Clostridium bolteae, Clostridium innocuum, Clostridium scindens, Clostridium symbiosum, Dorea longicatena, Eisenbergiella tayi, Emergencia timonensis, Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, Eubacterium callanderi, Faecalicatena cortorta, Faecalicatena orotica, Flavonifractor plautii, Hungatella effluvii, Intestinimonas butyr iciproducens, Intestinimonas massiliensis, Lactonifactor longoviformis, Lawsonibacter sp7, Massilimaliaetimonensis, Murimonas intestini, Niameybacter spl, Ruminococcaceae NG13 sp6, or Turicibacter sanguinis.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein treating a disease or disorder associated with a solid organ transplantation comprises (i) reducing or preventing an incidence of an infection in the subject, (ii) reducing or preventing a symptom of the disease or disorder associated with a solid organ transplantation in the subject, or (iii) both (i) and (ii).

12. The method of claim 10 or 11, wherein the solid organ transplantation comprises a liver transplantation.

13. The method of any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the first species and / or the second species is selected from Clostridium innocuum, Clostridium bolleae, Flavonifr actor plautii, Blautia coccoides, Anaerotruncus colihominis, Murimonas intestini, Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, Faecalicatena orotica, Clostridium aldenense, or Eisenbergiella tayi.

14. The method of any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the plurality of bacteria comprises each of Clostridium innocuum. Clostridium bolleae, Flavonifr actor plautii, Blautia coccoides. Anaerotruncus colihominis, Murimonas inleslini, Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, Faecalicatena orolica, Clostridium aldenense, and Eisenbergiella tayi.

15. The method of claim 13 or 14, wherein the plurality of bacteria further comprises Emergencia timonensis.

16. The method of any one of claims 13 to 15, wherein the plurality of bacteria further comprises Intestinimonas butyriciproducens.

17. The method of any one of claims 13 to 16, wherein the plurality of bacteria further comprises Clostridium symbiosum.

18. The method of any one of claims 13 to 17, wherein the plurality of bacteria further comprises Clostridium scindens.

19. The method of any one of claims 13 to 18, wherein the plurality of bacteria further comprises Faecalicatena cortorta.

20. The method of any one of claims to 19, wherein the plurality of bacteria further comprises Lactonifactor longoviformis .

21. The method of any one of claimsto 20, wherein the plurality of bacteria further comprises Massilimaliae timonensis.

22. The method of any one of claimsto 21, wherein the plurality of bacteria further comprises Hungatella effluvii.

23. The method of any one of claimsto 22, wherein the plurality of bacteria further comprises Butyricicoccus sp2.

24. The method of any one of claimsto 23, wherein the plurality of bacteria further comprises Intestinimonas massiliensis.

25. The method of any one of claimsto 24, wherein the plurality of bacteria further comprises Niameybacter spl .

26. The method of any one of claimsto 25, wherein the plurality of bacteria further comprises Turicibacter sanguinis.

27. The method of any one of claimsto 26, wherein the plurality of bacteria further comprises Ruminococcaceae NG13 sp6.

28. The method of any one of claimsto 27, wherein the plurality of bacteria further comprises Dorea longicatena.

29. The method of any one of claimsto 28, wherein the plurality of bacteria further comprises Blautia obeum.

30. The method of any one of claimsto 29, wherein the plurality of bacteria further comprises Lawsonibacter sp7.

31. The method of any one of claimsto 30, wherein the plurality of bacteria further comprises Blautia hominis.

32. The method of any one of claims to 31, wherein the plurality of bacteria further comprises Blautia wexlerae.

33. The method of any one of claims 13 to 32, wherein the plurality of bacteria further comprises Eubacterium callanderi.

34. The method of any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the plurality of bacteria comprises, consists essentially of, or consists of the following species of bacteria:(a) (1) Clostridium innocuum, (2) Clostridium bolleae, (3) Flavonifractor plautii, (4) Blautia coccoides, (5) Anaerotruncus colihominis, (6) Murimonas inleslini, (7) Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, (8) Faecalicatena orotica, (9) Emergencia timonensis, (10) Clostridium aldenense, (11) Intestinimonas bulyriciproducens, (12) Eisenbergiella tayi, (13) Clostridium symbiosum, and (14) Clostridium scindens;(b) (1) Clostridium innocuum, (2) Clostridium bolleae. (3) Flavonifractor plautii. (4) Blautia coccoides, (5) Anaerotruncus colihominis, (6) Murimonas intestini, (7) Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, (8) Faecalicatena orotica, (9) Clostridium aldenense, (10) Intestinimonas butyr iciproducens, (11) Eisenbergiella tayi, (12) Clostridium symbiosum, (13) Clostridium scindens, and (14) Emergencia timonensis;(c) (1) Clostridium innocuum, (2) Clostridium bolteae, (3) Flavonifractor plautii, (4) Blautia coccoides, (5) Anaerotruncus colihominis, (6) Murimonas intestini, (7) Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, (8) Faecalicatena orotica, (9) Clostridium aldenense, (10) Intestinimonas butyr iciproducens, (11) Eisenbergiella tayi, (12) Clostridium symbiosum, (13) Clostridium scindens, (14) Emergencia timonensis, (15) Faecalicatena cor tor ta, (16) Lactonifactor longoviformis, and (17) Ruminococcaceae NG 13 sp6;(d) (1) Clostridium innocuum, (2) Clostridium bolteae, (3) Flavonifractor plautii, (4) Blautia coccoides, (5) Anaerotruncus colihominis, (6) Murimonas intestini, (7) Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, (8) Faecalicatena orotica, (9) Clostridium aldenense, (10) Intestinimonas butyriciproducens, (11) Eisenbergiella tayi, (12) Clostridium symbiosum, (13) Clostridium scindens, (14) Emergencia timonensis, (15) Faecalicatena cortorta, (16) Lactonifactor longoviformis, (17) Massilimaliae timonensis, (18) Hungatella effluvii, and (19) Butyricicoccus sp2;(e) (1) Clostridium innocuum, (2) Clostridium bolteae, (3) Flavonifractor plautii, (4) Blautia coccoides, (5) Anaerotruncus colihominis, (6) Murimonas intestini, (7) Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, (8) Faecalicatena orotica, (9) Clostridium aldenense, (10) Intestinimonas butyr iciproducens, (11) Eisenbergiella tayi, (12) Clostridium symbiosum, (13) Clostridium scindens, (14) Emergencia timonensis, (15) Faecalicatena cor tor ta, (16)Lactonifactor longoviformis, (17) Massilimaliae timonensis, (18) Hungatella effluvii, (19) Butyricicoccus sp2 , (20) Intestinimonas massiliensis, (2 \ ) Niamey bacler spl, and (22) Turicibacter sanguinis;(f) (1) Clostridium innocuum, (2) Clostridium bolteae, (3) Flavonifractor plautii, (4) Blautia coccoides, (5) Anaerotruncus colihominis, (6) Murimonas intestini, (7) Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, (8) Faecalicatena orotica, (9) Emergencia timonensis, (10) Clostridium aldenense, (11) Eisenbergiella tayi, (12) Dorea longicalena, and (13) Blautia obeum:(g) (1) Clostridium innocuum, (2) Clostridium bolteae, (3) Flavonifractor plautii, (4) Blautia coccoides, (5) Anaerotruncus colihominis, (6) Murimonas intestini, (7) Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, (8) Faecalicatena orotica, (9) Clostridium aldenense, (10) Intestinimonas butyr iciproducens, (11) Eisenbergiella tayi, (12) Clostridium symbiosum, (13) Clostridium scindens, (14) Emergencia timonensis, (15) Blautia obeum, and (16) Lawsonibacter sp 7;(h) (1) Clostridium innocuum, (2) Clostridium bolteae, (3) Flavonifractor plautii, (4) Blautia coccoides, (5) Anaerotruncus colihominis, (6) Murimonas intestini, (7) Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, (8) Faecalicatena orotica, (9) Clostridium aldenense, (10) Intestinimonas butyr iciproducens, (11) Eisenbergiella tayi, (12) Clostridium symbiosum, (13) Clostridium scindens, (14) Emergencia timonensis, (15) Faecalicatena cortorta, (16) Lactonifactor longoviformis, (17) Ruminococcaceae NGI3 sp6, (18) Blautia obeum, and (19) Lawsonibacter sp 7;(i) (1) Clostridium innocuum, (2) Clostridium bolteae, (3) Flavonifractor plautii, (4) Blautia coccoides, (5) Anaerotruncus colihominis, (6) Murimonas intestini, (7) Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, (8) Faecalicatena orotica, (9) Clostridium aldenense, (10) Intestinimonas butyr iciproducens, (11) Eisenbergiella tayi, (12) Clostridium symbiosum, and (13) Emergencia timonensi;s(j) (1) Clostridium innocuum, (2) Clostridium bolteae, (3) Flavonifractor plautii, (4) Blautia coccoides, (5) Anaerotruncus colihominis, (6) Murimonas intestini, (7) Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, (8) Faecalicatena orotica, (9) Clostridium aldenense, (10) Intestinimonas butyr iciproducens, (11) Eisenbergiella tayi, (12) Clostridium symbiosum, (13) Clostridium scindens, (14) Emergencia timonensis, (15) Faecalicatena cortorta, (16) Lactonifactor longoviformis, (17) Intestinimonas massiliensis, (18) Niameybacter spl, and (19) Turicibacter sanguini;s or(k) (1) Clostridium innocuum, (2) Clostridium bolteae, (3) Flavonifractor plautii, (4) Blautia hominis. (5) Anaerotruncus colihominis. (6) Murimonas inleslini. (7) Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum. (8) Faecalicatena orolica. (9) Emergencia limonensis. (10) Clostridium aldenense. (11) Eisenbergiella tayi, (12) Clostridium scindens. (13) Dorea longicalena. (14) Blautia obeum. (15) Blautia wexlerae. and (16) Eubacterium callanderi.

35. The method of any one of claims 1 to 34, wherein:(a) the Anaerotruncus colihominis comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 5, SEQ ID NO: 79, SEQ ID NO: 80, or SEQ ID NO: 81;(b) the Blautia coccoides comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO: 74, SEQ ID NO: 75, SEQ ID NO: 76, SEQ ID NO: 77, or SEQ ID NO: 78;(c) the Blautia hominis comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 29, SEQ ID NO: 32, SEQ ID NO: 33, SEQ ID NO: 34, SEQ ID NO: 35, SEQ ID NO: 36, or SEQ ID NO: 37;(d) the Blautia obeum comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 26;(e) the Blautia wexlerae comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 30, SEQ ID NO: 38, SEQ ID NO: 39, SEQ ID NO: 40, SEQ ID NO: 41, SEQ ID NO: 42, SEQ ID NO: 43, SEQ ID NO: 44, SEQ ID NO: 166, SEQ ID NO: 167, SEQ ID NO: 168, SEQ ID NO: 169, SEQ ID NO: 170, SEQ ID NO: 171, or SEQ ID NO: 172;(f) the Butyricicoccus sp2 comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 20 or SEQ ID NO: 132;(g) the Clostridium aldenense comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99%to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 10, SEQ ID NO: 100, SEQ ID NO: 101, SEQ ID NO: 102, SEQ ID NO: 103, or SEQ ID NO: 104;(h) the Clostridium bolteae comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 66, SEQ ID NO: 67, SEQ ID NO: 68, SEQ ID NO: 69, or SEQ ID NO: 70;(i) the Clostridium innocuum comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 61, SEQ ID NO: 62, SEQ ID NO: 63, SEQ ID NO: 64, SEQ ID NO: 65;(j) the Clostridium scindens comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 14, SEQ ID NO: 111, SEQ ID NO: 112, SEQ ID NO: 113, or SEQ ID NO: 114;(k) the Clostridium symbiosum comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 13 or SEQ ID NO: 110;(l) the Dorea longicatena comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 25, SEQ ID NO: 50, SEQ ID NO: 51, SEQ ID NO: 52, SEQ ID NO: 53, SEQ ID NO: 54, SEQ ID NO: 55, SEQ ID NO: 56, SEQ ID NO: 57, SEQ ID NO: 58, SEQ ID NO: 59, SEQ ID NO: 60, SEQ ID NO: 152, SEQ ID NO: 153, SEQ ID NO: 154, SEQ ID NO: 155, SEQ ID NO: 156, or SEQ ID NO: 157;(m) the Eisenbergiella tayi comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 12, SEQ ID NO: 106, SEQ ID NO: 107, SEQ ID NO: 108, or SEQ ID NO: 109;(n) the Emergencia timonensis comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 9, SEQ ID NO: 97, SEQ ID NO: 98, SEQ ID NO: 99, SEQ ID NO: 15, SEQ ID NO: 115, or SEQ ID NO: 116;(o) the Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 87, SEQ ID NO: 88, SEQ ID NO: 89, SEQ ID NO: 90, or SEQ ID NO: 91;(p) the Eubacterium callanderi comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 31, SEQ ID NO: 45, SEQ ID NO: 46, SEQ ID NO: 47, SEQ ID NO: 48, SEQ ID NO: 49, SEQ ID NO: 173, SEQ ID NO: 174, SEQ ID NO: 175, SEQ ID NO: 176, or SEQ ID NO: 177;(q) the Faecalicatena cortorta comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 16;(r) the Faecalicatena orotica comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 8, SEQ ID NO: 92, SEQ ID NO: 93, SEQ ID NO: 94, SEQ ID NO: 95, or SEQ ID NO: 96;(s) the Flavonifractor plautii comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 3;(t) the Hungatella effluvia comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 19, SEQ ID NO: 126, SEQ ID NO: 127, SEQ ID NO: 128, SEQ ID NO: 129, SEQ ID NO: 130, or SEQ ID NO: 131;(u) the Intestinimonas butyr iciproducens comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 11 or SEQ ID NO: 105;(v) the Intestinimonas massiliensis comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 21;(w) the Lactonifactor longoviformis comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 17, SEQ ID NO: 121, SEQ I DNO: 122, SEQ ID NO: 123, SEQ ID NO: 124, SEQ ID NO: 28, or SEQ ID NO: 165;(x) the Lawsonibacter sp7 comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 27 or SEQ ID NO: 164;(y) the Massilimaliae timonensis comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 18 or SEQ ID NO: 125;(z) the Murimonas intestini comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 82, SEQ ID NO: 83, SEQ ID NO: 84, SEQ ID NO: 85, or SEQ ID NO: 86;(aa) the Niameybacter spl comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 22 or SEQ ID NO: 134;(bb) the Ruminococcaceae NG 13 sp6 comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 24, SEQ ID NO: 149, SEQ ID NO: 150, or SEQ ID NO: 151; or(cc) the Turicibacter sanguinis comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 23, SEQ ID NO: 135, SEQ ID NO: 136, SEQ ID NO: 137, SEQ ID NO: 138, SEQ ID NO: 139, SEQ ID NO: 140, SEQ ID NO: 141, SEQ ID NO: 142, SEQ ID NO: 143, SEQ ID NO: 144, SEQ ID NO: 145, SEQ ID NO: 146, SEQ ID NO: 147, or SEQ ID NO: 148.

36. The method of any one of claims 1 to 35, wherein:(a) the Anaerotruncus colihominis comprises the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 5, SEQ ID NO: 79, SEQ ID NO: 80, or SEQ ID NO: 81;(b) the Blautia coccoides comprises the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO: 74, SEQ ID NO: 75, SEQ ID NO: 76, SEQ ID NO: 77, or SEQ ID NO: 78;(c) the Blautia hominis comprises the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 29, SEQ ID NO: 32, SEQ ID NO: 33, SEQ ID NO: 34, SEQ ID NO: 35, SEQ ID NO: 36, or SEQ ID NO: 37;(d) the Blautia obeum comprises the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 26, SEQ ID NO: 158, SEQ ID NO: 159, SEQ ID NO: 160, SEQ ID NO: 161, SEQ ID NO: 162, or SEQ ID NO: 163;(e) the Blautia wexlerae comprises the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 30, SEQ ID NO: 38, SEQ ID NO: 39, SEQ ID NO: 40, SEQ ID NO: 41, SEQ ID NO: 42, SEQ ID NO: 43, SEQ ID NO: 44, SEQ ID NO: 166, SEQ ID NO: 167, SEQ ID NO: 168, SEQ ID NO: 169, SEQ ID NO: 170, SEQ ID NO: 171, or SEQ ID NO: 172;(f) the Butyricicoccus sp2 comprises the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 20 or SEQ ID NO: 132;(g) the Clostridium aldenense comprises the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 10, SEQ ID NO: 100, SEQ ID NO: 101, SEQ ID NO: 102, SEQ ID NO: 103, or SEQ ID NO: 104;(h) the Clostridium bolteae comprises the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 22 or SEQ ID NO: 134;(i) the Clostridium innocuum comprises the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 61, SEQ ID NO: 62, SEQ ID NO: 63, SEQ ID NO: 64, or SEQ ID NO: 65;(j) the Clostridium scindens comprises the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 14, SEQ ID NO: 111, SEQ ID NO: 112, SEQ ID NO: 113, or SEQ ID NO: 114;(k) the Clostridium symbiosum comprises the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 13 or SEQ ID NO: 110;(l) the Dorea longicatena comprises the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 25, SEQ ID NO: 50, SEQ ID NO: 51, SEQ ID NO: 52, SEQ ID NO: 53, SEQ ID NO: 54, SEQ ID NO: 55, SEQ ID NO: 56, SEQ ID NO: 57, SEQ ID NO: 58, SEQ ID NO: 59, SEQ ID NO: 60, SEQ ID NO: 152, SEQ ID NO: 153, SEQ ID NO: 154, SEQ ID NO: 155, SEQ ID NO: 156, or SEQ ID NO: 157;(m) the Eisenbergiella tayi comprises the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 12, SEQ ID NO: 106, SEQ ID NO: 107, SEQ ID NO: 108, or SEQ ID NO: 109;(n) the Emergencia timonensis comprises the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 9, SEQ ID NO: 97, SEQ ID NO: 98, SEQ ID NO: 99, SEQ ID NO: 15, SEQ ID NO: 115, or SEQ ID NO: 116;(o) the Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum comprises the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 87, SEQ ID NO: 88, SEQ ID NO: 89, SEQ ID NO: 90, or SEQ ID NO: 91;(p) the Eubacterium callanderi comprises the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 31, SEQ ID NO: 45, SEQ ID NO: 46, SEQ ID NO: 47, SEQ ID NO: 48, SEQ ID NO: 49, SEQ ID NO: 173, SEQ ID NO: 174, SEQ ID NO: 175, SEQ ID NO: 176, or SEQ ID NO: 177;(q) the Faecalicatena cortorta comprises the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 16;(r) the Faecalicatena orotica comprises the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 8, SEQ ID NO: 92, SEQ ID NO: 93, SEQ ID NO: 94, SEQ ID NO: 95, or SEQ ID NO: 96;(s) the Flavonifr actor plautii comprises the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 3;(t) the Hungatella effluvia comprises the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 19, SEQ ID NO: 126, SEQ ID NO: 127, SEQ ID NO: 128, SEQ ID NO: 129, SEQ ID NO: 130, or SEQ ID NO: 131;(u) the Intestinimonas butyriciproducens comprises the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 11 or SEQ ID NO: 105;(v) the Intestinimonas massiliensis comprises the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 21;(w) the Lactonifactor longoviformis comprises the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 17, SEQ ID NO: 121, SEQ I DNO: 122, SEQ ID NO: 123, SEQ ID NO: 124, SEQ ID NO: 28, or SEQ ID NO: 165;(x) the Lawsonibacter sp7 comprises the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 27 or SEQ ID NO: 164;(y) the Massilimaliae timonensis comprises the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 18 or SEQ ID NO: 125;(z) the Murimonas intestini comprises the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 82, SEQ ID NO: 83, SEQ ID NO: 84, SEQ ID NO: 85, or SEQ ID NO: 86;(aa) the Niameybacter spl comprises the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 22 or SEQ ID NO: 134;(bb) the Ruminococcaceae NG13 sp6 comprises the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 24, SEQ ID NO: 149, SEQ ID NO: 150, or SEQ ID NO: 151; or(cc) the Turicibacter sanguinis comprises the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 23, SEQ ID NO: 135, SEQ ID NO: 136, SEQ ID NO: 137, SEQ ID NO: 138, SEQ ID NO: 139, SEQ ID NO: 140, SEQ ID NO: 141, SEQ ID NO: 142, SEQ ID NO: 143, SEQ ID NO: 144, SEQ ID NO: 145, SEQ ID NO: 146, SEQ ID NO: 147, or SEQ ID NO: 148.

37. A method of treating a chronic liver disease in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering to the subject a composition comprising a first species of bacteria and a secondspecies of bacteria, wherein the first species and the second species are not the same, and wherein the first species and the second species independently comprise a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in any one of SEQ ID NO: 5, SEQ ID NO: 79, SEQ ID NO: 80, SEQ ID NO: 81, SEQ ID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO: 74, SEQ ID NO: 75, SEQ ID NO: 76, SEQ ID NO: 77, SEQ ID NO: 78, SEQ ID NO: 26, SEQ ID NO: 158, SEQ ID NO: 159, SEQ ID NO: 160, SEQ ID NO: 161, SEQ ID NO: 162, SEQ ID NO: 163, SEQ ID NO: 20, SEQ ID NO:132, SEQ ID NO: 10, SEQ ID NO: 100, SEQ ID NO: 101, SEQ ID NO: 10266, SEQ ID NO: 10367, SEQ ID NO: 10468, SEQ ID NO: 69, SEQ ID NO: 70, SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 61, SEQ ID NO: 62, SEQ ID NO: 63, SEQ ID NO: 64, SEQ ID NO: 65, SEQ ID NO: 14, SEQ ID NO: 111, SEQ ID NO: 112, SEQ ID NO: 113, SEQ ID NO: 114, SEQ ID NO: 13, SEQ ID NO: 110, SEQ ID NO: 25, SEQ ID NO: 50, SEQ ID NO: 51, SEQ ID NO: 52, SEQ ID NO: 53, SEQ ID NO: 54, SEQ ID NO: 55, SEQ ID NO: 56, SEQ ID NO: 57, SEQ ID NO: 58, SEQ ID NO: 59, SEQ ID NO: 60, SEQ ID NO: 152, SEQ ID NO: 153, SEQ ID NO: 154, SEQ ID NO: 155, SEQ ID NO: 156, SEQ ID NO: 157, SEQ ID NO: 12, SEQ ID NO: 106, SEQ ID NO: 107, SEQ ID NO: 108, SEQ ID NO: 109, SEQ ID NO: 9, SEQ ID NO: 97, SEQ ID NO: 98, SEQ ID NO: 99, SEQ ID NO: 15, SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 87, SEQ ID NO: 88, SEQ ID NO: 89, SEQ ID NO: 90, SEQ ID NO: 91, SEQ ID NO: 16, SEQ ID NO: 8, SEQ ID NO: 92, SEQ ID NO: 93, SEQ ID NO: 94, SEQ ID NO: 95, SEQ ID NO: 96, SEQ ID NO: 3, SEQ ID NO: 71, SEQ ID NO: 72, SEQ ID NO: 73, SEQ ID NO: 19, SEQ ID NO: 126, SEQ ID NO: 127, SEQ ID NO: 128, SEQ ID NO: 129, SEQ ID NO: 130, SEQ ID NO: 131, SEQ ID NO: 11, SEQ ID NO: 105, SEQ ID NO: 21, SEQ ID NO:133, SEQ ID NO: 17, SEQ ID NO: 121, SEQ I DNO: 122, SEQ ID NO: 123, SEQ ID NO: 124, SEQ ID NO:28, SEQ ID NO: 27, SEQ ID NO: 164, SEQ ID NO: 18, SEQ ID NO: 125, SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 82, SEQ ID NO: 83, SEQ ID NO: 84, SEQ ID NO: 85, SEQ ID NO: 86, SEQ ID NO: 22, SEQ ID NO: 134, SEQ ID NO: 24, SEQ ID NO: 149, SEQ ID NO: 150, SEQ ID NO: 151, SEQ ID NO: 23, SEQ ID NO: 135, SEQ ID NO: 136, SEQ ID NO: 137, SEQ ID NO: 138, SEQ ID NO: 139, SEQ ID NO: 140, SEQ ID NO: 141, SEQ ID NO: 142, SEQ ID NO: 143, SEQ ID NO: 144, SEQ ID NO: 145, SEQ ID NO: 146, SEQ ID NO: 147, SEQ ID NO: 148, SEQ ID NO: 29, SEQ ID NO: 32, SEQ ID NO: 33, SEQ ID NO: 34, SEQ ID NO: 35, SEQ ID NO: 36, or SEQ ID NO: 37, SEQ ID NO: 30, SEQ ID NO: 38, SEQ ID NO: 39, SEQ ID NO: 40, SEQ ID NO: 41, SEQ ID NO: 42, SEQ ID NO: 43, SEQ ID NO: 44, SEQ ID NO: 166, SEQ ID NO: 167, SEQ ID NO: 168, SEQ ID NO: 169, SEQ ID NO: 170, SEQ ID NO: 171, SEQ ID NO: 172, SEQ IDNO: 31, SEQ ID NO: 45, SEQ ID NO: 46, SEQ ID NO: 47, SEQ ID NO: 48, SEQ ID NO: 49, SEQ ID NO: 173, SEQ ID NO: 174, SEQ ID NO: 175, SEQ ID NO: 176, or SEQ ID NO: 177.

38. The method of claim 37, wherein treating a chronic liver disease comprises (i) reducing or preventing an incidence of an infection in the subject, (ii) reducing or preventing a symptom of the chronic liver disease in the subject, or (iii) both (i) and (ii).

39. The method of claim 36 or 37, wherein the chronic liver disease comprises a cirrhosis.

40. The method of claim 39, wherein the cirrhosis comprise a decompensated cirrhosis.

41. The method of claim 36 or 37, wherein the chronic liver disease comprises hepatic encephalopathy.

42. A method of treating a neutropenia in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering to the subject a composition comprising a first species of bacteria and a second species of bacteria, wherein the first species and the second species are not the same, and wherein the first species and the second species independently comprise a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in any one of SEQ ID NO: 5, SEQ ID NO: 79, SEQ ID NO: 80, SEQ ID NO: 81, SEQ ID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO: 74, SEQ ID NO: 75, SEQ ID NO: 76, SEQ ID NO: 77, SEQ ID NO: 78, SEQ ID NO: 26, SEQ ID NO: 158, SEQ ID NO: 159, SEQ ID NO: 160, SEQ ID NO: 161, SEQ ID NO: 162, SEQ ID NO: 163, SEQ ID NO: 20, SEQ ID NO: 132, SEQ ID NO: 10, SEQ ID NO: 100, SEQ ID NO: 101, SEQ ID NO: 10266, SEQ ID NO: 10367, SEQ ID NO: 10468, SEQ ID NO: 69, SEQ ID NO: 70, SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 61, SEQ ID NO: 62, SEQ ID NO: 63, SEQ ID NO: 64, SEQ ID NO: 65, SEQ ID NO: 14, SEQ ID NO: 111, SEQ ID NO: 112, SEQ ID NO: 113, SEQ ID NO: 114, SEQ ID NO: 13, SEQ ID NO: 110, SEQ ID NO: 25, SEQ ID NO: 50, SEQ ID NO: 51, SEQ ID NO: 52, SEQ ID NO: 53, SEQ ID NO: 54, SEQ ID NO: 55, SEQ ID NO: 56, SEQ ID NO: 57, SEQ ID NO: 58, SEQ ID NO: 59, SEQ ID NO: 60, SEQ ID NO: 152, SEQ ID NO: 153, SEQ ID NO: 154, SEQ ID NO: 155, SEQ ID NO: 156, SEQ ID NO: 157, SEQ ID NO: 12, SEQ ID NO: 106, SEQ ID NO: 107, SEQ ID NO: 108, SEQ ID NO: 109, SEQ ID NO: 9, SEQ ID NO: 97, SEQ ID NO: 98, SEQ ID NO: 99, SEQ ID NO: 15, SEQ ID NO: 115, SEQ ID NO: 116, SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 87, SEQ ID NO: 88, SEQ ID NO: 89, SEQ ID NO: 90, SEQ ID NO: 91, SEQ ID NO: 16, SEQ ID NO: 8, SEQ ID NO: 92, SEQ ID NO: 93, SEQ ID NO: 94, SEQ ID NO: 95, SEQ ID NO: 96, SEQ ID NO: 3, SEQ ID NO: 71, SEQ ID NO:72, SEQ ID NO: 73, SEQ ID NO: 19, SEQ ID NO: 126, SEQ ID NO: 127, SEQ ID NO: 128, SEQ ID NO: 129, SEQ ID NO: 130, SEQ ID NO: 131, SEQ ID NO: 11, SEQ ID NO: 105, SEQ ID NO: 21, SEQ ID NO: 133, SEQ ID NO: 17, SEQ ID NO: 121, SEQ I DNO: 122, SEQ ID NO: 123, SEQ ID NO: 124, SEQ ID NO:28, SEQ ID NO: 27, SEQ ID NO: 164, SEQ ID NO: 18, SEQ ID NO: 125, SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 82, SEQ ID NO: 83, SEQ ID NO: 84, SEQ ID NO: 85, SEQ ID NO: 86, SEQ ID NO: 22, SEQ ID NO: 134, SEQ ID NO: 24, SEQ ID NO: 149, SEQ ID NO: 150, SEQ ID NO: 151, SEQ ID NO: 23, SEQ ID NO: 135, SEQ ID NO: 136, SEQ ID NO: 137, SEQ ID NO: 138, SEQ ID NO: 139, SEQ ID NO: 140, SEQ ID NO: 141, SEQ ID NO: 142, SEQ ID NO: 143, SEQ ID NO: 144, SEQ ID NO: 145, SEQ ID NO: 146, SEQ ID NO: 147, SEQ ID NO: 148, SEQ ID NO: 29, SEQ ID NO: 32, SEQ ID NO: 33, SEQ ID NO: 34, SEQ ID NO: 35, SEQ ID NO: 36, or SEQ ID NO: 37, SEQ ID NO: 30, SEQ ID NO: 38, SEQ ID NO: 39, SEQ ID NO: 40, SEQ ID NO: 41, SEQ ID NO: 42, SEQ ID NO: 43, SEQ ID NO: 44, SEQ ID NO: 166, SEQ ID NO: 167, SEQ ID NO: 168, SEQ ID NO: 169, SEQ ID NO: 170, SEQ ID NO: 171, SEQ ID NO: 172, SEQ ID NO: 31, SEQ ID NO: 45, SEQ ID NO: 46, SEQ ID NO: 47, SEQ ID NO: 48, SEQ ID NO: 49, SEQ ID NO: 173, SEQ ID NO: 174, SEQ ID NO: 175, SEQ ID NO: 176, or SEQ ID NO: 177.

43. The method of claim 42, wherein treating a neutropenia comprises (i) reducing or preventing an incidence of an infection in the subject, (ii) reducing or preventing a symptom of the neutropenia in the subject, or (iii) both (i) and (ii).

44. The method of claim 42 or 43, wherein the neutropenia comprises a cancer neutropenia.

45. A method of treating a disease or disorder associated with a solid organ transplantation in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering to the subject a composition comprising a first species of bacteria and a second species of bacteria, wherein the first species and the second species are not the same, and wherein the first species and the second species independently comprise a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in any one of SEQ ID NO: 5, SEQ ID NO: 79, SEQ ID NO: 80, SEQ ID NO: 81, SEQ ID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO: 74, SEQ ID NO: 75, SEQ ID NO: 76, SEQ ID NO: 77, SEQ ID NO: 78, SEQ ID NO: 26, SEQ ID NO: 158, SEQ ID NO: 159, SEQ ID NO: 160, SEQ ID NO: 161, SEQ ID NO: 162, SEQ ID NO: 163, SEQ ID NO: 20, , SEQ ID NO: 132, SEQ ID NO: 10, SEQ ID NO: 100, SEQ ID NO: 101, SEQ ID NO: 10266, SEQ ID NO: 10367, SEQ ID NO: 10468, SEQ ID NO: 69, SEQ ID NO: 70, SEQID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 61, SEQ ID NO: 62, SEQ ID NO: 63, SEQ ID NO: 64, SEQ ID NO: 65, SEQ ID NO: 14, SEQ ID NO: 111, SEQ ID NO: 112, SEQ ID NO: 113, SEQ ID NO: 114, SEQ ID NO: 13, SEQ ID NO: 110, SEQ ID NO: 25, SEQ ID NO: 50, SEQ ID NO: 51, SEQ ID NO: 52, SEQ ID NO: 53, SEQ ID NO: 54, SEQ ID NO: 55, SEQ ID NO: 56, SEQ ID NO: 57, SEQ ID NO: 58, SEQ ID NO: 59, SEQ ID NO: 60, SEQ ID NO: 152, SEQ ID NO: 153, SEQ ID NO: 154, SEQ ID NO: 155, SEQ ID NO: 156, SEQ ID NO: 157, SEQ ID NO: 12, SEQ ID NO: 106, SEQ ID NO: 107, SEQ ID NO: 108, SEQ ID NO: 109, SEQ ID NO: 9, SEQ ID NO: 97, SEQ ID NO: 98, SEQ ID NO: 99, SEQ ID NO: 15, SEQ ID NO: 115, SEQ ID NO: 116, SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 87, SEQ ID NO: 88, SEQ ID NO: 89, SEQ ID NO: 90, SEQ ID NO: 91, SEQ ID NO: 16, SEQ ID NO: 8, SEQ ID NO: 92, SEQ ID NO: 93, SEQ ID NO: 94, SEQ ID NO: 95, SEQ ID NO: 96, SEQ ID NO: 3, SEQ ID NO: 71, SEQ ID NO: 72, SEQ ID NO: 73, SEQ ID NO: 19, SEQ ID NO: 126, SEQ ID NO: 127, SEQ ID NO: 128, SEQ ID NO: 129, SEQ ID NO: 130, SEQ ID NO: 131, SEQ ID NO: 11, SEQ ID NO: 105, SEQ ID NO: 21, SEQ ID NO: 133, SEQ ID NO: 17, SEQ ID NO: 121, SEQ I DNO: 122, SEQ ID NO: 123, SEQ ID NO: 124, SEQ ID NO:28, SEQ ID NO: 27, SEQ ID NO: 164, SEQ ID NO: 18, SEQ ID NO: 125, SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 82, SEQ ID NO: 83, SEQ ID NO: 84, SEQ ID NO: 85, SEQ ID NO: 86, SEQ ID NO: 22, SEQ ID NO: 134, SEQ ID NO: 24, SEQ ID NO: 149, SEQ ID NO: 150, SEQ ID NO: 151, SEQ ID NO: 23, SEQ ID NO: 135, SEQ ID NO: 136, SEQ ID NO: 137, SEQ ID NO: 138, SEQ ID NO: 139, SEQ ID NO: 140, SEQ ID NO: 141, SEQ ID NO: 142, SEQ ID NO: 143, SEQ ID NO: 144, SEQ ID NO: 145, SEQ ID NO: 146, SEQ ID NO: 147, SEQ ID NO: 148, SEQ ID NO: 29, SEQ ID NO: 32, SEQ ID NO: 33, SEQ ID NO: 34, SEQ ID NO: 35, SEQ ID NO: 36, or SEQ ID NO: 37, SEQ ID NO: 30, SEQ ID NO: 38, SEQ ID NO: 39, SEQ ID NO: 40, SEQ ID NO: 41, SEQ ID NO: 42, SEQ ID NO: 43, SEQ ID NO: 44, SEQ ID NO: 166, SEQ ID NO: 167, SEQ ID NO: 168, SEQ ID NO: 169, SEQ ID NO: 170, SEQ ID NO: 171, SEQ ID NO: 172, SEQ ID NO: 31, SEQ ID NO: 45, SEQ ID NO: 46, SEQ ID NO: 47, SEQ ID NO: 48, SEQ ID NO: 49, SEQ ID NO: 173, SEQ ID NO: 174, SEQ ID NO: 175, SEQ ID NO: 176, or SEQ ID NO: 177.

46. The method of claim 45, wherein treating a disease or disorder associated with a solid organ transplantation comprises (i) reducing or preventing an incidence of an infection in the subject, (ii) reducing or preventing a symptom of the disease or disorder associated with a solid organ transplantation in the subject, or (iii) both (i) and (ii).

47. The method of claim 45 or 46, wherein the solid organ transplantation comprises a liver transplantation.

48. The method of any one of claims 37 to 47, wherein the first species and / or the second species comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in any one of SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 61, SEQ ID NO: 62, SEQ ID NO: 63, SEQ ID NO: 64, SEQ ID NO: 65, SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 66, SEQ ID NO: 67, SEQ ID NO: 68, SEQ ID NO: 69, SEQ ID NO: 70, SEQ ID NO: 3, SEQ ID NO: 71, SEQ ID NO: 72, SEQ ID NO: 73, SEQ ID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO: 74, SEQ ID NO: 75, SEQ ID NO: 76, SEQ ID NO: 77, SEQ ID NO: 78, SEQ ID NO: 5, SEQ ID NO: 79, SEQ ID NO: 80, SEQ ID NO: 81, SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 82, SEQ ID NO: 83, SEQ ID NO: 84, SEQ ID NO: 85, SEQ ID NO: 86, SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 87, SEQ ID NO: 88, SEQ ID NO: 89, SEQ ID NO: 90, SEQ ID NO: 91, SEQ ID NO: 8, SEQ ID NO: 92, SEQ ID NO: 93, SEQ ID NO: 94, SEQ ID NO: 95, SEQ ID NO: 96, SEQ ID NO: 10, SEQ ID NO: 100, SEQ ID NO: 101, SEQ ID NO: 102, SEQ ID NO: 103, SEQ ID NO: 104, SEQ ID NO: 12, SEQ ID NO: 106, SEQ ID NO: 107, SEQ ID NO: 108, or SEQ ID NO: 109.

49. The method of any one of claims 37 to 48, wherein the plurality of bacteria comprises each of the following:(a) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 61, SEQ ID NO: 62, SEQ ID NO: 63, SEQ ID NO: 64, SEQ ID NO: 65, or(b) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 66, SEQ ID NO: 67, SEQ ID NO: 68, SEQ ID NO: 69, or SEQ ID NO: 70,(c) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 3, SEQ ID NO: 71, SEQ ID NO: 72, or SEQ ID NO: 73,(d) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO: 74, SEQ ID NO: 75, SEQ ID NO: 76, SEQ ID NO: 77, or SEQ ID NO: 78,(e) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 5, SEQ ID NO: 79, SEQ ID NO: 80, or SEQ ID NO: 81,(f) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 82, SEQ ID NO: 83, SEQ ID NO: 84, SEQ ID NO: 85, or SEQ ID NO: 86,(g) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 87, SEQ ID NO: 88, SEQ ID NO: 89, SEQ ID NO: 90, or SEQ ID NO: 91,(h) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 8, SEQ ID NO: 92, SEQ ID NO: 93, SEQ ID NO: 94, SEQ ID NO: 95, or SEQ ID NO: 96,(i) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 10, SEQ ID NO: 100, SEQ ID NO: 101, SEQ ID NO: 102, SEQ ID NO: 103, or SEQ ID NO: 104, and(j) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 12, SEQ ID NO: 106, SEQ ID NO: 107, SEQ ID NO: 108, or SEQ ID NO: 109.

50. The method of claim 48 or 49, wherein the plurality of bacteria further comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 9, SEQ ID NO: 97, SEQ ID NO: 98, SEQ ID NO: 99.

51. The method of any one of claims 48 to 50, wherein the plurality of bacteria further comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 15, SEQ ID NO: 115, or SEQ ID NO: 116.

52. The method of any one of claims 48 to 51, wherein the plurality of bacteria further comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 11, or SEQ ID NO: 105.

53. The method of any one of claims 48 to 52, wherein the plurality of bacteria further comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 13 or SEQ ID NO: 110.

54. The method of any one of claims 48 to 53, wherein the plurality of bacteria further comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 14, SEQ ID NO: 111, SEQ ID NO: 112, SEQ ID NO: 113, or SEQ ID NO: 114.

55. The method of any one of claims 48 to 54, wherein the plurality of bacteria further comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 16.

56. The method of any one of claims 48 to 55, wherein the plurality of bacteria further comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in 17.

57. The method of any one of claims 48 to 56, wherein the plurality of bacteria further comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in 28.

58. The method of any one of claims 48 to 57, wherein the plurality of bacteria further comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 18 or SEQ ID NO: 125.

59. The method of any one of claims 48 to 58, wherein the plurality of bacteria further comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 19, SEQ ID NO: 126, SEQ ID NO: 127, SEQ ID NO: 128, SEQ ID NO: 129, SEQ ID NO: 130, or SEQ ID NO: 131.

60. The method of any one of claims 48 to 59, wherein the plurality of bacteria further comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 20 or SEQ ID NO: 132.

61. The method of any one of claims 48 to 60, wherein the plurality of bacteria further comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 21 or SEQ ID NO: 133.

62. The method of any one of claims 48 to 61, wherein the plurality of bacteria further comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 22 or SEQ ID NO: 134.

63. The method of any one of claims 48 to 62, wherein the plurality of bacteria further comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 23, SEQ ID NO: 135, SEQ ID NO: 136, SEQ ID NO: 137, SEQ ID NO: 138, SEQ ID NO: 139, SEQ ID NO: 140, SEQ ID NO: 141, SEQ ID NO: 142, SEQ ID NO: 143, SEQ ID NO: 144, SEQ ID NO: 145, SEQ ID NO: 146, SEQ ID NO: 147, or SEQ ID NO: 148.

64. The method of any one of claims 48 to 63, wherein the plurality of bacteria further comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 24, SEQ ID NO: 149, SEQ ID NO: 150, or SEQ ID NO: 151.

65. The method of any one of claims 48 to 64, wherein the plurality of bacteria further comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 25, SEQ ID NO: 50, SEQ ID NO: 51, SEQ ID NO: 52, SEQ ID NO: 53, SEQ ID NO: 54, SEQ ID NO: 55, SEQ ID NO: 56, SEQ ID NO: 57, SEQ ID NO: 58, SEQ ID NO: 59, SEQ ID NO: 60, SEQ ID NO: 152, SEQ ID NO: 153, SEQ ID NO: 154, SEQ ID NO: 155, SEQ ID NO: 156, or SEQ ID NO: 157.

66. The method of any one of claims 48 to 65, wherein the plurality of bacteria further comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 26, SEQ ID NO: 158, SEQ ID NO: 159, SEQ ID NO: 160, SEQ ID NO: 161, SEQ ID NO: 162, or SEQ ID NO: 163.

67. The method of any one of claims 48 to 66, wherein the plurality of bacteria further comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 27 or SEQ ID NO: 164.

68. The method of any one of claims 48 to 67, wherein the plurality of bacteria further comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 29, SEQ ID NO: 32, SEQ ID NO: 33, SEQ ID NO: 34, SEQ ID NO: 35, SEQ ID NO: 36, or SEQ ID NO: 37.

69. The method of any one of claims 48 to 68, wherein the plurality of bacteria further comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 30, SEQ ID NO: 38, SEQ ID NO: 39, SEQ ID NO: 40, SEQ ID NO: 41, SEQ ID NO: 42, SEQ ID NO: 43, SEQ ID NO: 44, SEQ ID NO: 166, SEQ ID NO: 167, SEQ ID NO: 168, SEQ ID NO: 169, SEQ ID NO: 170, SEQ ID NO: 171, or SEQ ID NO: 172,.

70. The method of any one of claims 48 to 69, wherein the plurality of bacteria further comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 31, SEQ ID NO: 45, SEQ ID NO: 46, SEQ ID NO: 47, SEQ ID NO: 48, SEQ ID NO: 49, SEQ ID NO: 173, SEQ ID NO: 174, SEQ ID NO: 175, SEQ ID NO: 176, or SEQ ID NO: 177.

71. The method of any one of claims 48 to 70, wherein the plurality of bacteria comprises, consists essentially of, or consists of:(a) (1) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 61, SEQ ID NO: 62, SEQ ID NO: 63, SEQ ID NO: 64, or SEQ ID NO: 65, (2) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 66, SEQ ID NO: 67, SEQ ID NO: 68, SEQ ID NO: 69, or SEQ IDNO: 70, (3) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 3, SEQ ID NO: 71, SEQ ID NO: 72, or SEQ ID NO: 73, (4) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO: 74, SEQ ID NO: 75, SEQ ID NO: 76, SEQ ID NO: 77, or SEQ ID NO: 78, (5) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 5, SEQ ID NO: 79, SEQ ID NO: 80, or SEQ ID NO: 81, (6) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 82, SEQ ID NO: 83, SEQ ID NO: 84, SEQ ID NO: 85, or SEQ ID NO: 86, (7) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 87, SEQ ID NO: 88, SEQ ID NO: 89, SEQ ID NO: 90, or SEQ ID NO: 91, (8) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 8, SEQ ID NO: 92, SEQ ID NO: 93, SEQ ID NO: 94, SEQ ID NO: 95, or SEQ ID NO: 96, (9) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 9, SEQ ID NO: 97, SEQ ID NO: 98, SEQ ID NO: 99, (10) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 10, SEQ ID NO: 100, SEQ ID NO: 101, SEQ ID NO: 102, SEQ ID NO: 103, or SEQ ID NO: 104, (11) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 11 or SEQ ID NO: 105, (12) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 12, SEQ ID NO: 106, SEQ ID NO: 107, SEQ ID NO: 108, or SEQ ID NO: 109, (13) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 13 or SEQ ID NO: 110, (14) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 14, SEQ ID NO: 111, SEQ ID NO: 112, SEQ ID NO: 113, or SEQ ID NO: 114, and (15) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 15, SEQ ID NO: 115, or SEQ ID NO: 116;(b) (1) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 61, SEQ ID NO: 62, SEQ ID NO: 63, SEQ ID NO: 64, or SEQ ID NO: 65, (2) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 66, SEQ ID NO: 67, SEQ ID NO: 68, SEQ ID NO: 69, or SEQ ID NO: 70, (3) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 3, SEQ ID NO: 71, SEQ ID NO: 72, or SEQ ID NO: 73, (4) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO: 74, SEQ ID NO: 75, SEQ ID NO: 76, SEQ ID NO: 77, or SEQ ID NO: 78, (5) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 5, SEQ ID NO: 79, SEQ ID NO: 80, or SEQ ID NO: 81, (6) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 82, SEQ ID NO: 83, SEQ ID NO: 84, SEQ ID NO: 85, or SEQ ID NO: 86, (7) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 87, SEQ ID NO: 88, SEQ ID NO: 89, SEQ ID NO: 90, or SEQ ID NO: 91, (8) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 8, SEQ ID NO: 92, SEQ ID NO: 93, SEQ ID NO: 94, SEQ ID NO: 95, or SEQ ID NO: 96, (9) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 10, SEQ ID NO: 100, SEQ ID NO: 101, SEQ ID NO: 102, SEQ ID NO: 103, or SEQ ID NO: 104, (10) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 11 or SEQ ID NO: 105, (11) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 12, SEQ ID NO: 106, SEQ ID NO: 107, SEQ ID NO: 108, or SEQ ID NO:109, (12) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 13 or SEQ ID NO: 110, (13) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 14, SEQ ID NO: 111, SEQ ID NO: 112, SEQ ID NO: 113, or SEQ ID NO: 114, and (14) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 15, SEQ ID NO: 115, or SEQ ID NO: 116;(c) (1) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 61, SEQ ID NO: 62, SEQ ID NO: 63, SEQ ID NO: 64, SEQ ID NO: 65, (2) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 66, SEQ ID NO: 67, SEQ ID NO: 68, SEQ ID NO: 69, or SEQ ID NO: 70, (3) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 3, SEQ ID NO: 71, SEQ ID NO: 72, or SEQ ID NO: 73, (4) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO: 74, SEQ ID NO: 75, SEQ ID NO: 76, SEQ ID NO: 77, or SEQ ID NO: 78, (5) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 5, SEQ ID NO: 79, SEQ ID NO: 80, or SEQ ID NO: 81, (6) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 82, SEQ ID NO: 83, SEQ ID NO: 84, SEQ ID NO: 85, or SEQ ID NO: 86, (7) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 87, SEQ ID NO: 88, SEQ ID NO: 89, SEQ ID NO: 90, or SEQ ID NO: 91, (8) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 8, SEQ ID NO: 92, SEQ ID NO: 93, SEQ ID NO: 94, SEQ ID NO: 95, or SEQ ID NO: 96, (9) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 10, SEQ ID NO: 100, SEQ ID NO: 101, SEQ ID NO: 102, SEQ ID NO: 103, or SEQ ID NO: 104, (10) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 11 or SEQ ID NO: 105, (11) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 12, SEQ ID NO: 106, SEQ ID NO: 107, SEQ ID NO: 108, or SEQ ID NO: 109, (12) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 13 or SEQ ID NO: 110, (13) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 14, SEQ ID NO: 111, SEQ ID NO: 112, SEQ ID NO: 113, or SEQ ID NO: 114, (14) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 15, SEQ ID NO: 115, or SEQ ID NO: 116, (15) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 16, (16) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 28 or SEQ ID NO: 165, and (17) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 24, SEQ ID NO: 149, SEQ ID NO: 150, or SEQ ID NO: 151;(d) (1) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 61, SEQ ID NO: 62, SEQ ID NO: 63, SEQ ID NO: 64, or SEQ ID NO: 65, (2) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 66, SEQ ID NO: 67, SEQ ID NO: 68, SEQ ID NO: 69, or SEQ ID NO: 70, (3) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 3, SEQ ID NO: 71, SEQ ID NO: 72, or SEQ ID NO: 73, (4) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO: 74, SEQ ID NO: 75, SEQ ID NO: 76, SEQ ID NO: 77, or SEQ ID NO: 78, (5) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 5, SEQ ID NO: 79, SEQ ID NO: 80, or SEQ ID NO: 81, (6) the 16S rDNAsequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 82, SEQ ID NO: 83, SEQ ID NO: 84, SEQ ID NO: 85, or SEQ ID NO: 86, (7) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 87, SEQ ID NO: 88, SEQ ID NO: 89, SEQ ID NO: 90, or SEQ ID NO: 91, (8) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 8, SEQ ID NO: 92, SEQ ID NO: 93, SEQ ID NO: 94, SEQ ID NO: 95, or SEQ ID NO: 96, (9) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 10, SEQ ID NO: 100, SEQ ID NO: 101, SEQ ID NO: 102, SEQ ID NO: 103, or SEQ ID NO: 104, (10) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 11 or SEQ ID NO: 105, (11) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 12, SEQ ID NO: 106, SEQ ID NO: 107, SEQ ID NO: 108, or SEQ ID NO: 109, (12) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 13 or SEQ ID NO: 110, (13) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 14, SEQ ID NO: 111, SEQ ID NO: 112, SEQ ID NO: 113, or SEQ ID NO: 114, (14) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 15, SEQ ID NO: 115, or SEQ ID NO: 116, (15) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 16, (16) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 17, SEQ ID NO: 121, SEQ ID NO: 122, SEQ ID NO: 123, or SEQ ID NO: 124, and (17) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 24, SEQ ID NO: 149, SEQ ID NO: 150, or SEQ ID NO: 151;(e) (1) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 61, SEQ ID NO: 62, SEQ ID NO: 63, SEQ ID NO: 64, or SEQ ID NO: 65, (2) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 66, SEQ ID NO: 67, SEQ ID NO: 68, SEQ ID NO: 69, or SEQ ID NO: 70, (3) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 3, SEQ ID NO: 71, SEQ ID NO: 72, or SEQ ID NO: 73, (4) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 4, or SEQ ID NO: 74, SEQ ID NO: 75, SEQ ID NO: 76, SEQ ID NO: 77, SEQ ID NO: 78, (5) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 5, SEQ ID NO: 79, SEQ ID NO: 80, or SEQ ID NO: 81, (6) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 82, SEQ ID NO: 83, SEQ ID NO: 84, SEQ ID NO: 85, or SEQ ID NO: 86, (7) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 87, SEQ ID NO: 88, SEQ ID NO: 89, SEQ ID NO: 90, or SEQ ID NO: 91, (8) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 8, SEQ ID NO: 92, SEQ ID NO: 93, SEQ ID NO: 94, SEQ ID NO: 95, or SEQ ID NO: 96, (9) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 10, SEQ ID NO: 100, SEQ ID NO: 101, SEQ ID NO: 102, SEQ ID NO: 103, or SEQ ID NO: 104, (10) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 11 or SEQ ID NO: 105, (11) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 12, SEQ ID NO: 106, SEQ ID NO: 107, SEQ ID NO: 108, or SEQ ID NO: 109, (12) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 13 or SEQ ID NO: 110, (13) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 14, SEQ ID NO: 111, SEQ ID NO: 112, SEQ ID NO:113, or SEQ ID NO: 114, (14) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 15, SEQ ID NO: 115, or SEQ ID NO: 116, (15) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 16, (16) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 17, SEQ ID NO: 121, SEQ ID NO: 122, SEQ ID NO: 123, or SEQ ID NO: 124, and (17) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 24, SEQ ID NO: 149, SEQ ID NO: 150, or SEQ ID NO: 151;(f) (1) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 61, SEQ ID NO: 62, SEQ ID NO: 63, SEQ ID NO: 64, or SEQ ID NO: 65, (2) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 66, SEQ ID NO: 67, SEQ ID NO: 68, SEQ ID NO: 69, or SEQ ID NO: 70, (3) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 3, SEQ ID NO: 71, SEQ ID NO: 72, or SEQ ID NO: 73, (4) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO: 74, SEQ ID NO: 75, SEQ ID NO: 76, SEQ ID NO: 77, or SEQ ID NO: 78, (5) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 5, SEQ ID NO: 79, SEQ ID NO: 80, or SEQ ID NO: 81, (6) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 82, SEQ ID NO: 83, SEQ ID NO: 84, SEQ ID NO: 85, or SEQ ID NO: 86, (7) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 87, SEQ ID NO: 88, SEQ ID NO: 89, SEQ ID NO: 90, or SEQ ID NO: 91, (8) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 8, SEQ ID NO: 92, SEQ ID NO: 93, SEQ ID NO: 94, SEQ ID NO: 95, or SEQ ID NO: 96, (9) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 10, SEQ ID NO: 100, SEQ ID NO: 101, SEQ ID NO: 102, SEQ ID NO: 103, or SEQ ID NO: 104, (10) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 11 or SEQ ID NO: 105, (11) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 12, SEQ ID NO: 106, SEQ ID NO: 107, SEQ ID NO: 108, or SEQ ID NO: 109, (12) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 13 or SEQ ID NO: 110, (13) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 14, SEQ ID NO: 111, SEQ ID NO: 112, SEQ ID NO: 113, or SEQ ID NO: 114, (14) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 15, SEQ ID NO: 115, or SEQ ID NO: 116, (15) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 16, (16) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 17, SEQ ID NO: 121, SEQ ID NO: 122, SEQ ID NO: 123, or SEQ ID NO: 124, (17) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 18 or SEQ ID NO: 125, (18) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 19, SEQ ID NO: 126, SEQ ID NO: 127, SEQ ID NO: 128, SEQ ID NO: 129, SEQ ID NO: 130, or SEQ ID NO: 131, and (19) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 20 or SEQ ID NO: 132;(g) (1) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 61, SEQ ID NO: 62, SEQ ID NO: 63, SEQ ID NO: 64, or SEQ ID NO: 65, (2) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 66, SEQ ID NO: 67, SEQ ID NO: 68, SEQ ID NO: 69, or SEQ IDNO: 70, (3) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 3, SEQ ID NO: 71, SEQ ID NO: 72, or SEQ ID NO: 73, (4) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO: 74, SEQ ID NO: 75, SEQ ID NO: 76, SEQ ID NO: 77, or SEQ ID NO: 78, (5) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 5, SEQ ID NO: 79, SEQ ID NO: 80, or SEQ ID NO: 81, (6) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 82, SEQ ID NO: 83, SEQ ID NO: 84, SEQ ID NO: 85, or SEQ ID NO: 86, (7) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 87, SEQ ID NO: 88, SEQ ID NO: 89, SEQ ID NO: 90, or SEQ ID NO: 91, (8) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 8, SEQ ID NO: 92, SEQ ID NO: 93, SEQ ID NO: 94, SEQ ID NO: 95, or SEQ ID NO: 96, (9) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 10, SEQ ID NO: 100, SEQ ID NO: 101, SEQ ID NO: 102, SEQ ID NO: 103, or SEQ ID NO: 104, (10) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 11 or SEQ ID NO: 105, (11) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 12, SEQ ID NO: 106, SEQ ID NO: 107, SEQ ID NO: 108, or SEQ ID NO: 109, (12) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 13 or SEQ ID NO: 110, (13) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 14, SEQ ID NO: 111, SEQ ID NO: 112, SEQ ID NO: 113, or SEQ ID NO: 114, (14) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 15, SEQ ID NO: 115, or SEQ ID NO: 116, (15) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 16, (16) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 17, SEQ ID NO: 121, SEQ ID NO: 122, SEQ ID NO: 123, or SEQ ID NO: 124, (17) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 18 or SEQ ID NO: 125, (18) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 19, SEQ ID NO: 126, SEQ ID NO: 127, SEQ ID NO: 128, SEQ ID NO: 129, SEQ ID NO: 130, or SEQ ID NO: 131, (19) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 20 or SEQ ID NO: 132, (20) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 21 or SEQ ID NO: 133, (21) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 22 or SEQ ID NO: 134, and (22) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 23, SEQ ID NO: 135, SEQ ID NO: 136, SEQ ID NO: 137, SEQ ID NO: 138, SEQ ID NO: 139, SEQ ID NO: 140, SEQ ID NO: 141, SEQ ID NO: 142, SEQ ID NO: 143, SEQ ID NO: 144, SEQ ID NO: 145, SEQ ID NO: 146, SEQ ID NO: 147, or SEQ ID NO: 148;(h) (1) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 61, SEQ ID NO: 62, SEQ ID NO: 63, SEQ ID NO: 64, or SEQ ID NO: 65, (2) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 66, SEQ ID NO: 67, SEQ ID NO: 68, SEQ ID NO: 69, or SEQ ID NO: 70, (3) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 3, SEQ ID NO: 71, SEQ ID NO: 72, or SEQ ID NO: 73, (4) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO: 74, SEQ ID NO: 75, SEQ ID NO: 76, SEQ ID NO: 77, or SEQ ID NO: 78, (5) the 16S rDNA sequence setforth in SEQ ID NO: 5, SEQ ID NO: 79, SEQ ID NO: 80, or SEQ ID NO: 81, (6) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 82, SEQ ID NO: 83, SEQ ID NO: 84, SEQ ID NO: 85, or SEQ ID NO: 86, (7) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 87, SEQ ID NO: 88, SEQ ID NO: 89, SEQ ID NO: 90, or SEQ ID NO: 91, (8) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 8, SEQ ID NO: 92, SEQ ID NO: 93, SEQ ID NO: 94, SEQ ID NO: 95, or SEQ ID NO: 96, (9) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 9, SEQ ID NO: 97, SEQ ID NO: 98, SEQ ID NO: 99, (10) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 10, SEQ ID NO: 100, SEQ ID NO: 101, SEQ ID NO: 102, SEQ ID NO: 103, or SEQ ID NO: 104, (11) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 12, SEQ ID NO: 106, SEQ ID NO: 107, SEQ ID NO: 108, or SEQ ID NO: 109, (12) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 25, SEQ ID NO: 50, SEQ ID NO: 51, SEQ ID NO: 52, SEQ ID NO: 53, SEQ ID NO: 54, SEQ ID NO: 55, SEQ ID NO: 56, SEQ ID NO: 57, SEQ ID NO: 58, SEQ ID NO: 59, SEQ ID NO: 60, SEQ ID NO: 152, SEQ ID NO: 153, SEQ ID NO: 154, SEQ ID NO: 155, SEQ ID NO: 156, or SEQ ID NO: 157, and (13) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 26, SEQ ID NO: 158, SEQ ID NO: 159, SEQ ID NO: 160, SEQ ID NO: 161, SEQ ID NO: 162, or SEQ ID NO: 163;(i) (1) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 61, SEQ ID NO: 62, SEQ ID NO: 63, SEQ ID NO: 64, or SEQ ID NO: 65, (2) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 66, SEQ ID NO: 67, SEQ ID NO: 68, SEQ ID NO: 69, or SEQ ID NO: 70, (3) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 3, SEQ ID NO: 71, SEQ ID NO: 72, or SEQ ID NO: 73, (4) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO: 74, SEQ ID NO: 75, SEQ ID NO: 76, SEQ ID NO: 77, or SEQ ID NO: 78, (5) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 5, SEQ ID NO: 79, SEQ ID NO: 80, or SEQ ID NO: 81, (6) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 82, SEQ ID NO: 83, SEQ ID NO: 84, SEQ ID NO: 85, or SEQ ID NO: 86, (7) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 87, SEQ ID NO: 88, SEQ ID NO: 89, SEQ ID NO: 90, or SEQ ID NO: 91, (8) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 8, SEQ ID NO: 92, SEQ ID NO: 93, SEQ ID NO: 94, SEQ ID NO: 95, or SEQ ID NO: 96, (9) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 10, SEQ ID NO: 100, SEQ ID NO: 101, SEQ ID NO: 102, SEQ ID NO: 103, or SEQ ID NO: 104, (10) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 11 or SEQ ID NO: 105, (11) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 12, SEQ ID NO: 106, SEQ ID NO: 107, SEQ ID NO: 108, or SEQ ID NO: 109, (12) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 13 or SEQ ID NO: 110, (13) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 14, SEQ ID NO: 111, SEQ ID NO: 112, SEQ ID NO:113, or SEQ ID NO: 114, (14) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 15, SEQ ID NO: 115, or SEQ ID NO: 116, (15) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 26, SEQ ID NO: 158, SEQ ID NO: 159, SEQ ID NO: 160, SEQ ID NO: 161, SEQ ID NO: 162, or SEQ ID NO: 163, and (16) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 27 or SEQ ID NO: 164;(j) (1) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 61, SEQ ID NO: 62, SEQ ID NO: 63, SEQ ID NO: 64, or SEQ ID NO: 65, (2) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 66, SEQ ID NO: 67, SEQ ID NO: 68, SEQ ID NO: 69, or SEQ ID NO: 70, (3) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 3, SEQ ID NO: 71, SEQ ID NO: 72, or SEQ ID NO: 73, (4) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO: 74, SEQ ID NO: 75, SEQ ID NO: 76, SEQ ID NO: 77, or SEQ ID NO: 78, (5) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 5, SEQ ID NO: 79, SEQ ID NO: 80, or SEQ ID NO: 81, (6) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 82, SEQ ID NO: 83, SEQ ID NO: 84, SEQ ID NO: 85, or SEQ ID NO: 86, (7) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 87, SEQ ID NO: 88, SEQ ID NO: 89, SEQ ID NO: 90, or SEQ ID NO: 91, (8) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 8, SEQ ID NO: 92, SEQ ID NO: 93, SEQ ID NO: 94, SEQ ID NO: 95, or SEQ ID NO: 96, (9) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 10, SEQ ID NO: 100, SEQ ID NO: 101, SEQ ID NO: 102, SEQ ID NO: 103, or SEQ ID NO: 104, (10) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 11 or SEQ ID NO: 105, (11) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 12, SEQ ID NO: 106, SEQ ID NO: 107, SEQ ID NO: 108, or SEQ ID NO: 109, (12) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 13 or SEQ ID NO: 110, (13) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 14, SEQ ID NO: 111, SEQ ID NO: 112, SEQ ID NO: 113, or SEQ ID NO: 114, (14) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 15, SEQ ID NO: 115, or SEQ ID NO: 116, (15) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 16, (16) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 28 or SEQ ID NO: 165, (17) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 24, SEQ ID NO: 149, SEQ ID NO: 150, or SEQ ID NO: 151, (18) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 26, SEQ ID NO: 158, SEQ ID NO: 159, SEQ ID NO: 160, SEQ ID NO: 161, SEQ ID NO: 162, or SEQ ID NO: 163, and (19) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 27 or SEQ ID NO: 164;(k) (1) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 61, SEQ ID NO: 62, SEQ ID NO: 63, SEQ ID NO: 64, or SEQ ID NO: 65, (2) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 66, SEQ ID NO: 67, SEQ ID NO: 68, SEQ ID NO: 69, or SEQ ID NO: 70, (3) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 3, SEQ ID NO: 71, SEQ ID NO: 72,or SEQ ID NO: 73, (4) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO: 74, SEQ ID NO: 75, SEQ ID NO: 76, SEQ ID NO: 77, or SEQ ID NO: 78, (5) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 5, SEQ ID NO: 79, SEQ ID NO: 80, or SEQ ID NO: 81, (6) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 82, SEQ ID NO: 83, SEQ ID NO: 84, SEQ ID NO: 85, or SEQ ID NO: 86, (7) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 87, SEQ ID NO: 88, SEQ ID NO: 89, SEQ ID NO: 90, or SEQ ID NO: 91, (8) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 8, SEQ ID NO: 92, SEQ ID NO: 93, SEQ ID NO: 94, SEQ ID NO: 95, or SEQ ID NO: 96, (9) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 10, SEQ ID NO: 100, SEQ ID NO: 101, SEQ ID NO: 102, SEQ ID NO: 103, or SEQ ID NO: 104, (10) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 11 or SEQ ID NO: 105, (11) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 12, SEQ ID NO: 106, SEQ ID NO: 107, SEQ ID NO: 108, or SEQ ID NO: 109, (12) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 13 or SEQ ID NO: 110, and (13) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 15, SEQ ID NO: 115, or SEQ ID NO: 116;(1) (1) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 61, SEQ ID NO: 62, SEQ ID NO: 63, SEQ ID NO: 64, or SEQ ID NO: 65, (2) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 2, or SEQ ID NO: 66, SEQ ID NO: 67, SEQ ID NO: 68, SEQ ID NO: 69, SEQ ID NO: 70, (3) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 3, SEQ ID NO: 71, SEQ ID NO: 72, or SEQ ID NO: 73, (4) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO: 74, SEQ ID NO: 75, SEQ ID NO: 76, SEQ ID NO: 77, or SEQ ID NO: 78, (5) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 5, SEQ ID NO: 79, SEQ ID NO: 80, or SEQ ID NO: 81, (6) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 82, SEQ ID NO: 83, SEQ ID NO: 84, SEQ ID NO: 85, or SEQ ID NO: 86, (7) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 87, SEQ ID NO: 88, SEQ ID NO: 89, SEQ ID NO: 90, or SEQ ID NO: 91, (8) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 8, SEQ ID NO: 92, SEQ ID NO: 93, SEQ ID NO: 94, SEQ ID NO: 95, or SEQ ID NO: 96, (9) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 10, SEQ ID NO: 100, SEQ ID NO: 101, SEQ ID NO: 102, SEQ ID NO: 103, or SEQ ID NO: 104, (10) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 11 or SEQ ID NO: 105, (11) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 12, SEQ ID NO: 106, SEQ ID NO: 107, SEQ ID NO: 108, or SEQ ID NO: 109, (12) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 13 or SEQ ID NO: 110, (13) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 14, SEQ ID NO: 111, SEQ ID NO: 112, SEQ ID NO: 113, or SEQ ID NO: 114, (14) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 15, SEQ ID NO: 115, or SEQ ID NO: 116, (15) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 16, (16) the 16SrDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 17, SEQ ID NO: 121, SEQ ID NO: 122, SEQ ID NO: 123, or SEQ ID NO: 124, (17) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 21 or SEQ ID NO: 133, (18) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 22 or SEQ ID NO: 134, and (19) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 23, SEQ ID NO: 135, SEQ ID NO: 136, SEQ ID NO: 137, SEQ ID NO: 138, SEQ ID NO: 139, SEQ ID NO: 140, SEQ ID NO: 141, SEQ ID NO: 142, SEQ ID NO: 143, SEQ ID NO: 144, SEQ ID NO: 145, SEQ ID NO: 146, SEQ ID NO: 147, or SEQ ID NO: 148; or(m) (1) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 61, SEQ ID NO: 62, SEQ ID NO: 63, SEQ ID NO: 64, or SEQ ID NO: 65, (2) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 66, SEQ ID NO: 67, SEQ ID NO: 68, SEQ ID NO: 69, or SEQ ID NO: 70, (3) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 3, SEQ ID NO: 71, SEQ ID NO: 72, or SEQ ID NO: 73, (4) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 29, SEQ ID NO: 32, SEQ ID NO: 33, SEQ ID NO: 34, SEQ ID NO: 35, SEQ ID NO: 36, or SEQ ID NO: 37, (5) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 5, SEQ ID NO: 79, SEQ ID NO: 80, or SEQ ID NO: 81, (6) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 82, SEQ ID NO: 83, SEQ ID NO: 84, SEQ ID NO: 85, or SEQ ID NO: 86, (7) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 87, SEQ ID NO: 88, SEQ ID NO: 89, SEQ ID NO: 90, or SEQ ID NO: 91, (8) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 8, SEQ ID NO: 92, SEQ ID NO: 93, SEQ ID NO: 94, SEQ ID NO: 95, or SEQ ID NO: 96, (9) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 9, SEQ ID NO: 97, SEQ ID NO: 98, or SEQ ID NO: 99, (10) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 10, SEQ ID NO: 100, SEQ ID NO: 101, SEQ ID NO: 102, SEQ ID NO: 103, or SEQ ID NO: 104, (11) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 12, SEQ ID NO: 106, SEQ ID NO: 107, SEQ ID NO: 108, or SEQ ID NO: 109, (12) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 14, SEQ ID NO: 111, SEQ ID NO: 112, SEQ ID NO: 113, or SEQ ID NO: 114, (13) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 25, SEQ ID NO: 50, SEQ ID NO: 51, SEQ ID NO: 52, SEQ ID NO: 53, SEQ ID NO: 54, SEQ ID NO: 55, SEQ ID NO: 56, SEQ ID NO: 57, SEQ ID NO: 58, SEQ ID NO: 59, SEQ ID NO: 60, SEQ ID NO: 152, SEQ ID NO: 153, SEQ ID NO: 154, SEQ ID NO: 155, SEQ ID NO: 156, or SEQ ID NO: 157, (14) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 26, SEQ ID NO: 158, SEQ ID NO: 159, SEQ ID NO: 160, SEQ ID NO: 161, SEQ ID NO: 162, or SEQ ID NO: 163, (15) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 30, SEQ ID NO: 38, SEQ ID NO: 39, SEQ ID NO: 40, SEQ ID NO: 41, SEQ ID NO: 42, SEQ ID NO: 43, SEQ ID NO: 44, SEQ ID NO: 166, SEQ ID NO: 167, SEQ ID NO: 168, SEQ ID NO: 169, SEQ ID NO:170, SEQ ID NO: 171, or SEQ ID NO: 172, and (16) the 16S rDNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 31, SEQ ID NO: 45, SEQ ID NO: 46, SEQ ID NO: 47, SEQ ID NO: 48, SEQ ID NO: 49, SEQ ID NO: 173, SEQ ID NO: 174, SEQ ID NO: 175, SEQ ID NO: 176, or SEQ ID NO: 177.

72. The method of any one of claims 1 to 71, wherein, after the administration, a colonization of a pathogenic microorganism is reduced or prevented within the gastrointestinal tract of the subject.

73. The method of any one of claims 1 to 72, wherein, after the administration, an abundance of a pathogenic microorganism is reduced within the gastrointestinal tract of the subject.

74. The method of claim 72 or 73, wherein the pathogenic microorganism comprises Enterococcus faecium (e.g., vancomycin-resistant), Enterococcus spp., Klebsiella pneumonia (e.g., carbapenem-resistant), E. coli. Staphylococcus aureus, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enter obacter spp., Enterococcus faecalis, Klebsiella oxytoca, Klebsiella aerogenes, Streptococcus spp., or combinations thereof.

75. The method of any one of claims 1 to 74, wherein the plurality of bacteria further comprises an additional species of bacteria which has one or more features selected from: (1) capable of engrafting (long-term and / or transient) when administered to a subject, (2) capable of having antiinflammatory activity (e.g., inhibiting TNF-α-driven IL-8 secretion in epithelial cells in vitro, ability to down-modulate expression of inflammatory genes (e.g., CXCL1, CXCL2, CXCL3, CXCL11, ICAM1)), (3) not capable of inducing pro-inflammatory activity, (4) capable of producing a secondary bile acid (e.g., 7a-dehydroxylase and bile salt hydrolase activity), (5) capable of producing a tryptophan metabolite (e.g., indole, 3-methyl indole, indolepropionic acid), (6) capable of restoring epithelial integrity as determined by a primary epithelial cell monolayer barrier integrity assay, (7) capable of producing a short-chain fatty acid (e.g., butyrate, propionate), (8) capable of inhibiting a HD AC activity, (9) capable of producing a medium-chain fatty acid (e.g., valerate, hexanoate), (10) capable of expressing catalase activity, (11) capable of having alpha-fucosidase activity, (12) capable of producing a B vitamin (e.g., thiamin (Bl) and / or pyridoxamine (B6)), (13) capable of reducing fecal calprotectin level, (14) not capable of activating a toll-like receptor pathway (e.g., TLR4 or TLR5), (15) capable of activating a toll-like receptor pathway (e.g., TLR2), (16) capable of restoring colonization resistance, (17) capable of a broadrange of carbon source utilization; (18) capable of reducing VRE pathogen carriage, (19) capable of reducing CRE pathogen carriage, (20) capable of reducing E. coli pathogen carriage, (21) capable of reducing expression of claudin-2, (22) capable of being associated with the healthy human gut microbiota, (23) capable of not being associated with toxin and hemolysin genes associated with Clostridial pathogens and no significant cytopathic effects in vitro, (24) susceptible to multiple clinically relevant antibiotics, (25) capable of not being associated with genes that are both likely responsible for the observed antibiotic resistances and transmissible, (26) capable of inhibiting epithelial cell apoptosis, (27) capable of down-modulating one or more genes induced in IFN-γ treated colonic organoids (e.g., those associated with inflammatory chemokine signaling, NF-KB signaling, TNF family signaling, type I interferon signaling, type II interferon signaling, TLR signaling, lymphocyte trafficking, Th 17 cell differentiation, Thl differentiation, Th2 differentiation, apoptosis, inflammasomes, autophagy, oxidative stress, MHC class I and II antigen presentation, complement, mTor, nod-like receptor signaling, PI3K signaling, or combinations thereof), (28) capable of reducing the expression of one or more inhibitory receptors (e.g., TIGIT, TIM-3, or LAG-3) on CD8+ T cells, (29) capable of increasing expression of one or more genes / proteins associated with CD8+ T cell activation and / or function (e.g., CD45RO, CD69, IL- 24, TNF-α, perforin, or IFN-γ), (30) capable of enhacing and / or improving the tolerance of chemotherapeutic agents, (31) capable of enhancing the efficacy of an immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy, (32) capable of promoting the recruitment of CD8+ T cells to tumors, (33) capable of inducing an anti-inflammatory IL-10-skewed IL-10 / IL-6 cytokine ratio in macrophages, (34) capable of inducing less inflammatory responses but similar pathogen defense responses in macrophages than a donor-derived spore-based composition (i.e., a spore-based composition), (35) capable of increasing the amount of anti-inflammatory mediators in (e.g., IL-1 receptor antagonists (IL-IRA), IL-4, IL-10, IL-11, IL-13, TGF-β), (36) capable of reducing colonic inflammation, (37) capable of treating and / or preventing a disease or disorder, such as those associated with dysbiosis of a gastrointestinal tract, (38) capable of increasing the diversity of the gastrointestinal microbiome in a subject, (39) capable of improving mucosal and / or epithelial barrier integrity in a subject compared to a reference control (e.g, untreated patients or the subject prior to treatment), (40) capable of promoting mucosal healing, (41) capable of reducing incidence of infection, (42) capable of reducing the need for antibiotics in a subject, (43) capable of reducing the abundance of a biomarker of infection in the stool of a subject, (44) capable of increasing the abundance of a biomarker of an administered species in the stool of a subject, (45) capable of targeted delivery ofmost (e.g., 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, 99.5%, 99.6%, 99.7%, 99.8%, or 99.9% of the administered species relative to the number of colony forming units administered) or all of the administered species to the intestines of the subject (e.g., through encapsulation, or through coating one or more components of a dosage form with an enteric polymer), (46) capable of a therapeutic benefit following a single administration of a composition or pharmaceutical composition described herein to a subject, (47) capable of coadministration with an additional agent described herein, without substantially decreasing the therapeutic benefit of the administered species, (48) capable of coadministration with a carrier or excipient described herein, without substantially decreasing the therapeutic benefit of the administered species, (49) capable of lactulose utilization, (50) comprising a lantibiotic operon, (51) capable of being associated with reduced abundance in patients with a liver disease (e.g., cirrhosis), or (52) any combination thereof.

76. The method of any one of claims 1 to 75, wherein each of the plurality of bacteria are capable of forming a spore.

77. The method of any one of claims 1 to 76, wherein each of the plurality of bacteria are in a spore form.

78. The method of any one of claims 1 to 77, wherein each of the plurality of bacteria are not vegetative cells.

79. The method of any one of claims 1 to 78, wherein the composition further comprises a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.

80. The method of any one of claims 1 to 79, wherein the composition is administered to the subject orally.

81. The method of any one of claims 1 to 80, which further comprises administering an additional agent to the subject.

82. The method of claim 81, wherein the additional agent is administered concurrently or sequentially with the composition.

83. The method of claim 81 or 82, wherein the additional agent comprises a standard of care.

84. The method of claim 83, wherein the standard of care comprises lactulose, rifaximin, or both.

85. A composition comprising a plurality of bacteria, wherein the plurality of bacteria comprises a first species of bacteria and a second species of bacteria, wherein the first species and the second species are not the same, and wherein the first species and the second species are not the same, and wherein the first species and the second species are independently selected from Anaerotruncus colihominis, Blautia coccoides. Blautia hominis. Blautia obeum. Blautia w exlerae. Butyricicoccus sp2, Clostridium aldenense, Clostridium bolleae, Clostridium innocuum. Clostridium scindens, Clostridium symbiosum, Dorea longicatena, Eisenbergiella tayi, Emergencia limonensis, Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, Eubacterium callanderi. Faecalicatena corlorla, Faecalicatena orolica, Flavonifractor plautii, Hungatella effluvii, Intestinimonas butyr iciproducens, Intestinimonas massiliensis. Lactonifactor longoviformis, Lawsonibacter sp7, Massilimaliae limonensis. Murimonas inleslini, Niameybacter spl, Ruminococcaceae NGI3 sp6, or Turicibacter sanguinis.

86. A composition comprising a plurality of bacteria, wherein the plurality of bacteria comprises a first species of bacteria and a second species of bacteria, wherein the first species and the second species are not the same, and wherein the first species and the second species are not the same, and wherein the first species and the second species are independently selected from Clostridium innocuum, Clostridium bolleae, Flavonifractor plautii, Blautia coccoides, Anaerotruncus colihominis, Murimonas intestini, Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, Faecalicatena orotica, Clostridium aldenense, or Eisenbergiella tayi.

87. The composition of claim 86, wherein the plurality of bacteria further comprises Emergencia timonensis.

88. The composition of claim 86 or 87, wherein the plurality of bacteria further comprises Intestinimonas butyr iciproducens, Clostridium symbiosum, Clostridium scindens, and / or Emergencia timonensis.

89. The composition of any one of claims 86 to 87, wherein the plurality of bacteria further comprises Faecalicatena cortortaand / or Lactonifactor longoviformis.

90. The comoposition of any one of claims 86 to 89, wherein the plurality of bacteria further comprises Massilimaliae limonensis. Hungatella effluvii. and / or Butyricicoccus sp2.

91. The composition of any one of claims 86 to 90, wherein the plurality of bacteria further comprises Intestinimonas massiliensis. Niameybacter spi, and / or Turicibacter sanguinis.

92. The composition of any one of claims 86 to 91, wherein the plurality of bacteria further comprises Ruminococcaceae NG13 sp6.

93. The composition of any one of claims 86 to 92, wherein the plurality of bacteria further comprises Dorea longicatena.

94. The composition of any one of claims 86 to 93, wherein the plurality of bacteria further comprises Blautia obeum.

95. The composition of any one of claims 86 to 94, wherein the plurality of bacteria further comprises Lawsonibacter sp7.

96. The composition of any one of claims 86 to 95, wherein the plurality of bacteria further comprises Blautia hominis.

97. The composition of any one of claims 86 to 96, wherein the plurality of bacteria further comprises Blautia wexlerae.

98. The composition of any one of claims 86 to 97, wherein the plurality of bacteria further comprises Eubacterium callanderi.

99. A composition comprising a plurality of bacteria, wherein the plurality of bacteria comprises a first species of bacteria and a second species of bacteria, wherein the first species and the second species are not the same, and wherein the first species and the second species are not the same, and wherein the first species and the second species independently comprise a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in any one of SEQ ID NO: 5, SEQ ID NO: 79, SEQ ID NO: 80, SEQ ID NO: 81, SEQ ID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO: 74, SEQ ID NO: 75, SEQ ID NO: 76, SEQ ID NO: 77, SEQ ID NO: 78, SEQ ID NO: 26, SEQ ID NO: 158, SEQ ID NO: 159, SEQ ID NO: 160, SEQ ID NO: 161, SEQ ID NO: 162, SEQ ID NO: 163, SEQ IDNO: 20, SEQ ID NO: 132, SEQ ID NO: 10, SEQ ID NO: 100, SEQ ID NO: 101, SEQ ID NO: 10266, SEQ ID NO: 10367, SEQ ID NO: 10468, SEQ ID NO: 69, SEQ ID NO: 70, SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 14, SEQ ID NO: 111, SEQ ID NO: 112, SEQ ID NO: 113, SEQ ID NO: 114, SEQ ID NO: 13, SEQ ID NO: 110, SEQ ID NO: 25, SEQ ID NO: 50, SEQ ID NO: 51, SEQ ID NO: 52, SEQ ID NO: 53, SEQ ID NO: 54, SEQ ID NO: 55, SEQ ID NO: 56, SEQ ID NO: 57, SEQ ID NO: 58, SEQ ID NO: 59, SEQ ID NO: 60, SEQ ID NO: 152, SEQ ID NO: 153, SEQ ID NO: 154, SEQ ID NO: 155, SEQ ID NO: 156, SEQ ID NO: 157, SEQ ID NO: 12, SEQ ID NO: 106, SEQ ID NO: 107, SEQ ID NO: 108, SEQ ID NO: 109, SEQ ID NO: 9, SEQ ID NO: 97, SEQ ID NO: 98, SEQ ID NO: 99, SEQ ID NO: 15, SEQ ID NO: 115, SEQ ID NO: 116, SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 87, SEQ ID NO: 88, SEQ ID NO: 89, SEQ ID NO: 90, or SEQ ID NO: 91, SEQ ID NO: 16, SEQ ID NO: 8, SEQ ID NO: 92, SEQ ID NO: 93, SEQ ID NO: 94, SEQ ID NO: 95, SEQ ID NO: 96, SEQ ID NO: 3, SEQ ID NO: 71, SEQ ID NO: 72, SEQ ID NO: 73, SEQ ID NO: 19, SEQ ID NO: 126, SEQ ID NO: 127, SEQ ID NO: 128, SEQ ID NO: 129, SEQ ID NO: 130, SEQ ID NO: 131, SEQ ID NO: 11, SEQ ID NO: 105, SEQ ID NO: 21, SEQ ID NO: 133, SEQ ID NO: 17, SEQ ID NO: 121, SEQ ID NO: 122, SEQ ID NO: 123, SEQ ID NO: 124, SEQ ID NO:28, SEQ ID NO: 27, SEQ ID NO: 164, SEQ ID NO: 18, SEQ ID NO: 125, SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 82, SEQ ID NO: 83, SEQ ID NO: 84, SEQ ID NO: 85, SEQ ID NO: 86, SEQ ID NO: 22, SEQ ID NO: 134, SEQ ID NO: 24, SEQ ID NO: 149, SEQ ID NO: 150, SEQ ID NO: 151, SEQ ID NO: 23, SEQ ID NO: 135, SEQ ID NO: 136, SEQ ID NO: 137, SEQ ID NO: 138, SEQ ID NO: 139, SEQ ID NO: 140, SEQ ID NO: 141, SEQ ID NO: 142, SEQ ID NO: 143, SEQ ID NO: 144, SEQ ID NO: 145, SEQ ID NO: 146, SEQ ID NO: 147, SEQ ID NO: 148, SEQ ID NO: 29, SEQ ID NO: 32, SEQ ID NO: 33, SEQ ID NO: 34, SEQ ID NO: 35, SEQ ID NO: 36, or SEQ ID NO: 37, SEQ ID NO: 30, SEQ ID NO: 38, SEQ ID NO: 39, SEQ ID NO: 40, SEQ ID NO: 41, SEQ ID NO: 42, SEQ ID NO: 43, SEQ ID NO: 44, SEQ ID NO: 166, SEQ ID NO: 167, SEQ ID NO: 168, SEQ ID NO: 169, SEQ ID NO: 170, SEQ ID NO: 171, SEQ ID NO: 172, SEQ ID NO: 31, SEQ ID NO: 45, SEQ ID NO: 46, SEQ ID NO: 47, SEQ ID NO: 48, SEQ ID NO: 49, SEQ ID NO: 173, SEQ ID NO: 174, SEQ ID NO: 175, SEQ ID NO: 176, or SEQ ID NO: 177.

100. A composition comprising a plurality of bacteria, wherein the plurality of bacteria comprises a first species of bacteria and a second species of bacteria, wherein the first species and the second species are not the same, and wherein the first species and the second species are not the same, and wherein the first species and / or the second species comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at leastabout 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in any one of SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 61, SEQ ID NO: 62, SEQ ID NO: 63, SEQ ID NO: 64, SEQ ID NO: 65, SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 66, SEQ ID NO: 67, SEQ ID NO: 68, SEQ ID NO: 69, SEQ ID NO: 70, SEQ ID NO: 3, SEQ ID NO: 71, SEQ ID NO: 72, SEQ ID NO: 73, SEQ ID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO: 74, SEQ ID NO: 75, SEQ ID NO: 76, SEQ ID NO: 77, SEQ ID NO: 78, SEQ ID NO: 5, SEQ ID NO: 79, SEQ ID NO: 80, SEQ ID NO: 81, SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 82, SEQ ID NO: 83, SEQ ID NO: 84, SEQ ID NO: 85, SEQ ID NO: 86, SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 87, SEQ ID NO: 88, SEQ ID NO: 89, SEQ ID NO: 90, SEQ ID NO: 91, SEQ ID NO: 8, SEQ ID NO: 92, SEQ ID NO: 93, SEQ ID NO: 94, SEQ ID NO: 95, SEQ ID NO: 96, SEQ ID NO: 10, SEQ ID NO: 100, SEQ ID NO: 101, SEQ ID NO: 102, SEQ ID NO: 103, SEQ ID NO: 104, SEQ ID NO: 12, SEQ ID NO: 106, SEQ ID NO: 107, SEQ ID NO: 108, or SEQ ID NO: 109.

101. The composition of claim 100, wherein the plurality of bacteria further comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 9, SEQ ID NO: 97, SEQ ID NO: 98, or SEQ ID NO: 99.

102. The composition of claim 100 or 101, wherein the plurality of bacteria further comprises:(a) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 11 or SEQ ID NO: 105,(b) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 13 or SEQ ID NO: 110,(c) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 14, SEQ ID NO: 111, SEQ ID NO: 112, SEQ ID NO: 113, or SEQ ID NO: 114, and / or(d) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 15, SEQ ID NO: 115, or SEQ ID NO: 116.

103. The composition of any one of claims 100 to 102, wherein the plurality of bacteria further comprises:(a) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 16, and / or(b) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 17, SEQ ID NO: 121, SEQ ID NO: 122, SEQ ID NO: 123, SEQ ID NO: 124, SEQ ID NO: 28, or SEQ ID NO: 165.

104. The composition of any one of claims 100 to 103, wherein the plurality of bacteria further comprises:(a) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 18 or SEQ ID NO: 125,(b) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 19, SEQ ID NO: 126, SEQ ID NO: 127, SEQ ID NO: 128, SEQ ID NO: 129, SEQ ID NO: 130, or SEQ ID NO: 131, and / or(c) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 20 or SEQ ID NO: 132.

105. The composition of any one of claims 96 to 100, wherein the plurality of bacteria further comprises:(a) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 21 or SEQ ID NO: 133,(b) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 22 or SEQ ID NO: 134, and / or(c) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 23, SEQ ID NO: 135, SEQ ID NO: 136, SEQ ID NO: 137, SEQ ID NO: 138, SEQ ID NO: 139, SEQID NO: 140, SEQ ID NO: 141, SEQ ID NO: 142, SEQ ID NO: 143, SEQ ID NO: 144, SEQ ID NO: 145, SEQ ID NO: 146, SEQ ID NO: 147, or SEQ ID NO: 148.

106. The composition of any one of claims 96 to 101, wherein the plurality of bacteria further comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 24, SEQ ID NO: 149, SEQ ID NO: 150, or SEQ ID NO: 151.

107. The composition of any one of claims 100 to 106, wherein the plurality of bacteria further comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 25, SEQ ID NO: 50, SEQ ID NO: 51, SEQ ID NO: 52, SEQ ID NO: 53, SEQ ID NO: 54, SEQ ID NO: 55, SEQ ID NO: 56, SEQ ID NO: 57, SEQ ID NO: 58, SEQ ID NO: 59, SEQ ID NO: 60, SEQ ID NO: 152, SEQ ID NO: 153, SEQ ID NO: 154, SEQ ID NO: 155, SEQ ID NO: 156, or SEQ ID NO: 157.

108. The composition of any one of claims 100 to 107, wherein the plurality of bacteria further comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 26, SEQ ID NO: 158, SEQ ID NO: 159, SEQ ID NO: 160, SEQ ID NO: 161, SEQ ID NO: 162, or SEQ ID NO: 163.

109. The composition of any one of claims 100 to 108, wherein the plurality of bacteria further comprises a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 27 or SEQ ID NO: 164.

110. The composition of any one of claims 100 to 109, wherein the plurality of bacteria further comprises:(a) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in any one of SEQ ID NO: 29, SEQ ID NO: 32, SEQ ID NO: 33, SEQ ID NO: 34, SEQ ID NO: 35, SEQ ID NO: 36, or SEQ ID NO: 37;(b) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in any one of SEQID NO: 30, SEQ ID NO: 38, SEQ ID NO: 39, SEQ ID NO: 40, SEQ ID NO: 41, SEQ ID NO: 42, SEQ ID NO: 43, SEQ ID NO: 44, SEQ ID NO: 166, SEQ ID NO: 167, SEQ ID NO: 168, SEQ ID NO: 169, SEQ ID NO: 170, SEQ ID NO: 171, or SEQ ID NO: 172; and / or(c) a 16S rDNA sequence that has a sequence identity of at least 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99% to the sequence set forth in any one of SEQ ID NO: 31, SEQ ID NO: 45, SEQ ID NO: 46, SEQ ID NO: 47, SEQ ID NO: 48, SEQ ID NO: 49, SEQ ID NO: 173, SEQ ID NO: 174, SEQ ID NO: 175, SEQ ID NO: 176, or SEQ ID NO: 177.

111. The composition of any one of claims 85 to 110, wherein the plurality of bacteria further comprises an additional species of bacteria which has one or more features selected from: (1) capable of engrafting (long-term and / or transient) when administered to a subject, (2) capable of having anti-inflammatory activity (e.g., inhibiting TNF-α-driven IL-8 secretion in epithelial cells in vitro, ability to down-modulate expression of inflammatory genes (e.g., CXCL1, CXCL2, CXCL3, CXCL11, ICAM1)), (3) not capable of inducing pro-inflammatory activity, (4) capable of producing a secondary bile acid (e.g., 7α-dehydroxylase and bile salt hydrolase activity), (5) capable of producing a tryptophan metabolite (e.g., indole, 3-methyl indole, indolepropionic acid), (6) capable of restoring and / or maintaining epithelial integrity (e.g., as determined by a primary epithelial cell monolayer barrier integrity assay), (7) capable of producing a short-chain fatty acid (e.g., butyrate, propionate), (8) capable of inhibiting a HDAC activity, (9) capable of producing a medium-chain fatty acid (e.g., valerate, hexanoate), (10) capable of expressing catalase activity, (11) capable of having alpha-fucosidase activity, (12) capable of producing a B vitamin (e.g., thiamin (Bl) and / or pyridoxamine (B6)), (13) capable of reducing fecal calprotectin level, (14) not capable of activating a toll-like receptor pathway (e.g., TLR4 or TLR5), (15) capable of activating a toll-like receptor pathway (e.g., TLR2), (16) capable of restoring colonization resistance, (17) capable of a broad range of carbon source utilization; (18) capable of reducing VRE pathogen carriage, (19) capable of reducing CRE pathogen carriage, (20) capable of reducing E. coli pathogen carriage, (21) capable of reducing expression of claudin-2, (22) capable of being associated with the healthy human gut microbiota, (23) capable of not being associated with toxin and hemolysin genes associated with Clostridial pathogens and no significant cytopathic effects in vitro, (24) susceptible to multiple clinically relevant antibiotics, (25) capable of not being associated with genes that are both likely responsible for the observed antibiotic resistances and transmissible, (26) capable of inhibiting epithelial cell apoptosis, (27) capable of down-modulating one or more genes induced in IFN-γ treated colonic organoids (e.g., those associated withinflammatory chemokine signaling, NF-KB signaling, TNF family signaling, type I interferon signaling, type II interferon signaling, TLR signaling, lymphocyte trafficking, Th 17 cell differentiation, Thl differentiation, Th2 differentiation, apoptosis, inflammasomes, autophagy, oxidative stress, MHC class I and II antigen presentation, complement, mTor, nod-like receptor signaling, PI3K signaling, or combinations thereof), (28) capable of reducing the expression of one or more inhibitory receptors (e.g., TIGIT, TIM-3, or LAG-3) on CD8+ T cells, (29) capable of increasing expression of one or more genes / proteins associated with CD8+ T cell activation and / or function (e.g., CD45RO, CD69, IL-24, TNF-α, perforin, or IFN-γ), (30) capable of enhancing enhacing and / or improving the tolerance of chemotherapeutic agents, (31) capable of enhancing the efficacy of an immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy, (32) capable of promoting the recruitment of CD8+ T cells to tumors, (33) capable of inducing an anti-inflammatory IL-10-skewed IL-10 / IL- 6 cytokine ratio in macrophages, (34) capable of inducing less inflammatory responses but similar pathogen defense responses in macrophages than a donor-derived spore-based composition (i.e., a spore-based composition), (35) capable of increasing the amount of anti-inflammatory mediators in (e.g., IL-1 receptor antagonists (IL-IRA), IL-4, IL-10, IL-11, IL-13, TGF-β), (36) capable of reducing colonic inflammation, (37) capable of treating and / or preventing a disease or disorder, such as those associated with dysbiosis of a gastrointestinal tract, (38) capable of increasing the diversity of the gastrointestinal microbiome in a subject, (39) capable of improving mucosal and / or epithelial barrier integrity in a subject compared to a reference control (e.g., untreated patients or the subject prior to treatment), (40) capable of promoting mucosal healing, (41) capable of reducing incidence of infection, (42) capable of reducing the need for antibiotics in a subject, (43) capable of reducing the abundance of a biomarker of infection in the stool of a subject, (44) capable of increasing the abundance of a biomarker of an administered species in the stool of a subject, (45) capable of targeted delivery of most (e.g., 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, 99.5%, 99.6%, 99.7%, 99.8%, or 99.9% of the administered species relative to the number of colony forming units administered) or all of the administered species to the intestines of the subject (e.g., through encapsulation, or through coating one or more components of a dosage form with an enteric polymer), (46) capable of a therapeutic benefit following a single administration of a composition or pharmaceutical composition described herein to a subject, (47) capable of coadministration with an additional agent described herein, without substantially decreasing the therapeutic benefit of the administered species, (48) capable of coadministration with a carrier or excipient described herein, without substantially decreasing the therapeutic benefit of theadministered species, (49) capable of lactulose utilization, (50) comprising a lantibiotic operon, (51) capable of being associated with reduced abundance in patients with a liver disease (e.g., cirrhosis), or (52) any combination thereof.

112. The composition of any one of claims 85 to 11, wherein each of the plurality of bacteria are capable of forming a spore.

113. The composition of any one of claims 85 to 112, wherein each of the plurality of bacteria are in a spore form.

114. The composition of any one of claims 85 to 113, wherein each of the plurality of bacteria are not vegetative cells.

115. The composition of any one of claims 85 to 114, which further comprises a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.

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