Filter for separating materials

Abstract

The invention relates to a filter (10) for separating materials, in particular for separating at least two materials and / or for separating at least one material from at least one liquid, comprising at least one filter element (12) which has a metal band (22) provided with through-holes (28), wherein the through-holes (28) are produced by means of rotary cutting. The present invention also relates to a method for producing a filter (10) of this type.

Description

[0001] Filter for separating substances

[0002] The present invention relates to a filter for separating substances, comprising at least one filter element comprising a metal band provided with perforations. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a method for producing such a filter.

[0003] It is known to use metal strips with perforations as filters or sieves to separate substances, such as solids from a gas and / or a liquid. Such filters or sieves are produced by punching perforations into a metal strip. The disadvantage of this type of production is that it generates waste and the yield per meter of strip length is low.

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a filter and a method which avoid waste during production and at the same time enable a high degree of yield.

[0005] To solve the problem, a filter having the features of claim 1 and a method having the features of claim 11 are proposed.

[0006] Advantageous embodiments of the filter and the method are the subject of the respective dependent claims.

[0007] According to a first aspect of the invention, a filter for separating substances, in particular for separating at least two substances and / or for separating at least one substance from at least one liquid, comprising at least one filter element which has a metal strip provided with perforations, wherein the perforations are produced by means of rotary cutting and stretching and / or rolling. By producing the perforations in the metal strip by means of rotary cutting and stretching and / or rolling, no waste is generated during production. Furthermore, the yield rate, in particular the yield rate in meters of strip length, is high, since the perforations can be produced at a high production speed by means of rotary cutting and subsequent stretching and / or rolling.In addition, the energy required for production is reduced compared to metal strips produced by stamping, resulting in a smaller carbon footprint. Thus, the filter according to the invention exhibits an improved energy balance and reduced manufacturing costs.

[0008] The filter can be used to separate substances from one another. Thus, at least two solids can be separated from one another using the filter. It is also possible to separate at least one solid from at least one fluid, such as a liquid or a gas. The filter according to the invention can also be used as a sieve. The substances to be separated can also be referred to as filter material.

[0009] In an advantageous embodiment, the metal strip produced in the rotary cutting process forms a grid structure for the filter.

[0010] In rotary cutting, which can also be referred to as a roll cutting process, slits are cut into a metal strip using a rotating cutting wheel. After slitting, the metal strip may have raised areas in the area of ​​the slits. The slitted metal strip is then stretched, i.e., pulled elongated, and / or rolled, which widens the slits into openings. Stretching is advantageously performed by rolling.

[0011] In an advantageous embodiment, the metal strip is rolled smooth. During rotary cutting, elevations arise in the area of ​​the slits. By rolling the metal strip after rotary cutting, these elevations are smoothed out. As a result, the metal strip no longer has any elevations and the metal strip has a smooth surface. Consequently, rolling after rotary cutting can be used to smooth the metal strip and / or to widen the slits to form openings. In an advantageous embodiment, the metal strip has elevations in the area of ​​the openings. Due to the rotary cutting, elevations arise during slitting that protrude from a surface of the metal strip. By rolling the metal strip along webs formed between the slits, the slits are widened to form openings and at the same time the elevations in the metal strip remain.As a result, the metal strip has a wave-shaped contour in cross-section.

[0012] In an advantageous embodiment, the elevations form slats that are positioned at an angle. Thus, the elevations can form a kind of inclined Venetian blind slats. The inclined slats define the direction in which the separating material, or the filtered material, is to be transported out of the filter.

[0013] In an advantageous embodiment, the openings have a hexagonal shape or the shape of an elongated hole.

[0014] In an advantageous embodiment, the apertures have an opening width between 0.1 mm and 4 mm. Furthermore, the apertures advantageously have an opening width between 1 mm and 3.5 mm. This allows a large number of solids to be filtered out of a liquid or gas.

[0015] In an advantageous embodiment, the opening width of the apertures can be adjusted by adjusting the degree of stretching and / or rolling. This allows the apertures to be specifically tailored to the application. By increasing the degree of stretching and / or rolling, the opening width of the apertures can be increased. The opening width can be adjusted by adjusting the slot width of the apertures, the degree of stretching, and / or the rolling. The degree of stretching or rolling corresponds to the thickness reduction of the metal strip due to the stretching or rolling process.

[0016] Advantageously, the openings perpendicular to a longitudinal direction of the metal strip can have a length of 1 mm up to almost the entire width of the metal strip. In particular, the length of the openings can be between 1 mm and the strip width minus 2 times the thickness of the metal strip on each side. In an advantageous embodiment, the openings arranged in edge sections of the metal strip have an open contour and / or a closed contour, and the openings arranged in an inner section of the metal strip have a closed contour. The openings arranged in the edge sections can be wedge-shaped or pointed towards the inside. Advantageously, the openings arranged in the edge sections are open on the outside of the strip, i.e. the openings do not have a closed border at the edges of the metal strip.Alternatively, the openings in the edge sections can be designed as openings with a closed border, i.e., the openings in the edge sections have a closed contour. Advantageously, the openings arranged in the inner section are designed as openings with a closed border. The openings can be diamond-shaped, hexagonal, and / or slot-shaped.

[0017] In an advantageous embodiment, the metal strip has a thickness between 0.1 mm and 1 mm, in particular between 0.3 mm and 0.7 mm. Due to this thinness, the filter is lightweight.

[0018] In an advantageous embodiment, the metal strip is formed into a circular cylinder or a polygonal or polygonal cylinder, with the free ends of the metal strip formed into a circular cylinder or a polygonal cylinder being connected to one another in a form-fitting, force-fitting, and / or material-fitting manner. As a result, the metal strip formed into a circular cylinder or a polygonal cylinder retains its final contour. For example, the free ends can be soldered and / or welded together. Alternatively, the free ends can be crimped together.

[0019] In an advantageous embodiment, the metal strip consists of a hot strip or a cold strip.

[0020] In an advantageous embodiment, the metal strip is an endless strip. This allows the metal strip to be manufactured in a continuous process. In an advantageous embodiment, the metal strip is made of a metal in all states with ductile properties, coated or bare, or a metal alloy in all states with ductile properties, coated or bare. Due to its ductile properties, the metal strip can be cut and deformed.

[0021] According to a further aspect of the invention, a method for producing a filter according to the invention is proposed. In the method, a metal strip, in particular a continuous strip, is provided. Slits are then introduced by rotary cutting. The slits are widened into openings by stretching and / or rolling.

[0022] If the slots are widened to create openings by stretching, the metal strip may have elevations in the area of ​​the slots that have been created as a result of the rotary cutting.

[0023] In an advantageous embodiment, after the slots have been widened to create openings by stretching and / or rolling, the metal strip is cut to length. Alternatively, after the slots have been widened to create openings by stretching and / or rolling, the metal strip can be manufactured endlessly, i.e., the endless metal strip is wound onto a spool.

[0024] In an advantageous embodiment, the metal strip, in particular the cut-to-length metal strip, is formed into a circular cylinder or a polygonal cylinder.

[0025] In an advantageous embodiment, the free ends of the metal strip formed into a circular cylinder or a polygonal cylinder are connected to one another in a form-fitting, force-fitting and / or material-fitting manner.

[0026] In an advantageous embodiment, the metal strip is rolled after the slots have been made.

[0027] Filters, metal strips, a method for producing the filters, and other features and advantages are explained in more detail below using exemplary embodiments, which are schematically illustrated in the figures. Herein: Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of a filter according to a first embodiment with a metal strip according to a first embodiment;

[0028] Fig. 2 is a cross-section through the filter of Fig. 1 along the line ll-ll in Fig. 1;

[0029] Fig. 3 is a plan view of the metal strip according to the first embodiment;

[0030] Fig. 4 is a perspective view of a filter according to a second embodiment with a metal band according to the first embodiment, wherein the metal band is rotated by 90°;

[0031] Fig. 5 is a cross-section through the filter of Fig. 4 along the line VV in Fig. 4;

[0032] Fig. 6 shows a filter according to a third embodiment with a metal band according to a second embodiment;

[0033] Fig. 7 is a cross-section through the filter of Fig. 6 along the line VII-VII in Fig. 6;

[0034] Fig. 8 is a plan view of the metal strip according to the second embodiment;

[0035] Fig. 9 is a cross-section through the metal strip according to the second embodiment along the line IX-IX in Fig. 8;

[0036] Fig. 10 is a perspective view of a filter according to a fourth embodiment with a metal band according to a third embodiment;

[0037] Fig. 11 is a plan view of the filter of Fig. 10;

[0038] Fig. 12 is a plan view of the metal strip according to the third embodiment; Fig. 13 is a perspective view of a filter according to a fifth embodiment with a metal strip according to a fourth embodiment;

[0039] Fig. 14 is a plan view of the filter of Fig. 13;

[0040] Fig. 15 is a plan view of the metal strip according to the fourth embodiment;

[0041] Fig. 16 is a perspective view of a filter according to a sixth embodiment with a metal band according to a fifth embodiment;

[0042] Fig. 17 is a plan view of the filter of Fig. 16;

[0043] Fig. 18 is a front view of the filter of Fig. 16;

[0044] Fig. 19 is a section through the filter of Fig. 18 along the line XIX-XIX in Fig. 18;

[0045] Fig. 20 is a plan view of the metal strip according to the fifth embodiment;

[0046] Fig. 21 is a section through the metal strip of Fig. 20 along the line XXI-XXI in Fig. 20;

[0047] Fig. 22 is a perspective view of a filter according to a seventh embodiment with a metal band according to a sixth embodiment;

[0048] Fig. 23 is a plan view of the filter of Fig. 22;

[0049] Fig. 24 is a front view of the filter of Fig. 22;

[0050] Fig. 25 is a section through the filter of Fig. 24 along the line XXV-XXV in Fig. 24; Fig. 26 is a plan view of the metal strip according to the sixth embodiment; and

[0051] FIG: 27 a section through the metal strip of Fig. 26 along the line XXVII-XXVII in Fig. 26.

[0052] In Fig. 1, a filter 10 according to a first embodiment for separating substances, in particular for separating at least two solids or for separating at least one solid from at least one fluid, such as a liquid or a gas, is shown.

[0053] The filter 10 has a filter element 12 which is provided with a first end cap 16 at a first end 14 and with a second end cap 20 at a second end 18.

[0054] The filter element 12 has a metal band 22 according to a first embodiment, which is formed into a circular cylinder 24.

[0055] The metal strip 22 is made of a hot-rolled strip or a cold-rolled strip and of a metal in all conditions with ductile properties, coated or bare, or of a metal alloy in all conditions with ductile properties, coated or bare...

[0056] The metal strip 22 has a width B between 15 mm and 200 mm and a uniform thickness between 0.1 mm and 1 mm.

[0057] As can be seen in Figures 1 to 3, the metal strip 22 has a grid structure 26 for separating the materials. The grid structure 26 is formed from a plurality of hexagonal openings 28 formed in the metal strip 22, as will be explained in more detail below.

[0058] As can be seen particularly in Fig. 3, the openings 28 in an inner section 30 of the metal strip 22 have a closed hexagonal contour, whereas the openings 28 in edge sections 32 of the metal strip 22 are open on the outside of the strip. The first end cap 16 is made of a steel or a non-ferrous metal using a deep-drawing process and has a circular base 36 and an edge 38 surrounding the base 36.

[0059] As can be seen particularly in Fig. 2, the filter element 12 is inserted into the first end cap 16, so that the filter element 12 is closed at the first end 14. To attach the first end cap 16 to the filter element 12, the edge 38 can be integrally connected to the filter element 12, for example, soldered and / or welded.

[0060] The second end cap 20 is deep-drawn from a steel or non-ferrous metal and has an annular base 39, a rim 38 surrounding the base 39, and a border 40 surrounding an opening 41 formed in the base 39. The second end cap 20 is attached in a manner analogous to the previously described attachment of the first end cap 16.

[0061] Substances to be separated can be introduced into the filter element 12 via the opening 41 of the second end cap 20, whereby the separated solid is deposited on the first end cap 16 and the other substance is discharged from the filter 10 via the openings 28.

[0062] In an embodiment not shown, the end caps 16, 20 can be omitted from the filter 10 according to the first embodiment.

[0063] A possible manufacturing method for the filter element 12 is described below. In a first step, a metal strip 22 designed as an endless strip is provided. In a second step, slits are cut into the metal strip 22 in a continuous roll-cutting process. Slits are cut into the metal strip 22 using a rotating cutting wheel. The metal strip 22 provided with the slits is then stretched by pulling the metal strip 22 lengthwise in the strip's longitudinal direction L, and / or the metal strip 22 is rolled. This widens the slits to form the openings 28. The opening width of the openings 28 can be adjusted via the degree of stretching and / or rolling. The opening width of the openings 28 can be between 0.1 mm and 4 mm, and the length of the openings 28 can be between 1 mm and almost the entire width B of the metal strip.

[0064] After the slots have been widened to form the openings 28, the metal strip 22 is cut to length and formed into the circular cylinder 24 shown in Figures 1 and 2. Finally, the opposing free ends 42 of the metal strip 22 formed into the circular cylinder 24 are joined together in a form-fitting, force-fitting, and / or material-fitting manner. For example, the free ends 42 can be crimped and / or soldered and / or welded together. Subsequently, the end caps 16, 20 are placed onto the ends 14, 18 and bonded to the metal strip 22 as described above.

[0065] Further embodiments of the filter 10 s and the metal band 22 are described below, wherein the same reference numerals are used for identical or functionally identical parts.

[0066] Figures 4 and 5 show a second embodiment of the filter 10, which differs from the first embodiment in that the filter shown in Fig.

[0067] 3, the metal band 22 is rotated 90° to form the circular cylinder 24. In addition, the opening 41 of the second end cap 20 has a larger diameter.

[0068] In an embodiment not shown, the end caps 16, 20 can be omitted from the filter 10 according to the second embodiment.

[0069] Figures 6 to 9 show a third embodiment of the filter 10 and a second embodiment of the metal band 22.

[0070] The third embodiment of the filter 10 differs from the other embodiments in that the metal strip 22 according to the second embodiment. The metal strip 22 according to the second embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that the metal strip 22 is not smoothed, but has elevations 44 which are created during the rotary cutting. As a result, the metal strip 22 has a wavy contour in cross-section, as can be seen in Fig. 9. To widen the slots to form the hexagonal-shaped openings 28 shown in Figs. 6 to 8, the slotted metal strip is rolled along webs 48 in the present case. As a result, the elevations remain in the widened state of the openings 28.

[0071] In an embodiment not shown, the end caps 16, 20 can be omitted from the filter 10 according to the third embodiment. Figures 10 to 12 show a filter 10 according to a fourth embodiment with a metal band 22 according to a third embodiment.

[0072] The filter 10 according to the fourth embodiment differs from the previous embodiments in that it does not have end caps 16, 20.

[0073] The metal strip 22 according to the third embodiment differs from the other embodiments in the shape of the openings 28. The openings 28 are formed here as elongated holes 45. Furthermore, as can be seen in Fig. 12, the openings 28 arranged in the edge sections 32 have a closed contour. The openings 28 widened into elongated holes 45 are produced, as previously described, using a rotary cutting process followed by stretching and / or rolling.

[0074] In an embodiment not shown, the filter 10 of the fourth embodiment can be provided with end caps 16, 20 as shown in Figures 1, 4 and 6.

[0075] Figures 13 to 15 show a filter 10 according to a fifth embodiment with a metal band 22 according to a fourth embodiment. The filter 10 according to the fifth embodiment differs from the other embodiments in that the filter element 12 is formed into a polygonal cylinder 46, in particular a rectangular cylinder.

[0076] The metal strip 22 according to the fourth embodiment differs from the metal strip 22 according to the third embodiment in that the openings 28 formed as elongated holes 45 are longer in the transverse strip direction Q, which is perpendicular to the longitudinal strip direction L.

[0077] In an embodiment not shown, the filter 10 of the fifth embodiment can be provided with end caps 16, 20 as shown in Figures 1, 4 and 6.

[0078] Figures 16 to 21 show a sixth embodiment of the filter 10 with a metal band 22 according to a fifth embodiment.

[0079] The filter 10 according to the sixth embodiment differs from the filter 10 according to the fourth embodiment in particular by the use of the metal strip according to the fifth embodiment.

[0080] The metal strip 22 according to the fifth embodiment corresponds to the metal strip 22 of the third embodiment, with the metal strip 22 not being rolled smooth after slitting. As a result, the metal strip 22 has elevations 44 in the region of the openings 28. To widen the slots to form the openings 28, the metal strip is rolled along webs 48 formed between the slots.

[0081] In an embodiment not shown, the filter 10 of the sixth embodiment can be provided with end caps 16, 20 as shown in Figures 1, 4 and 6.

[0082] Figures 22 to 27 show a seventh embodiment of the filter 10 with a metal strip 22 according to a sixth embodiment. The filter 10 according to the seventh embodiment differs from the filter 10 according to the fifth embodiment in that the metal strip 22 is not rolled smoothly, but has elevations 44 in the region of the openings 28.

[0083] In an embodiment not shown, the filter 10 of the sixth embodiment can be provided with end caps 16, 20 as shown in Figures 1, 4 and 6.

[0084] The filters 10 are characterized by their metal strips 22, which are manufactured using a rotary cutting process. This eliminates waste during the production of the filters 10, and the yield in meters of strip length is high. Furthermore, production using rotary cutting reduces the energy used compared to other manufacturing processes, such as punching the apertures 28, so that the carbon footprint of the filter 10 is reduced. Thus, the filters 10 have an improved energy balance and reduced manufacturing costs.

[0085] List of reference symbols

[0086] 10 filters

[0087] 12 filter element

[0088] 14 first end

[0089] 16 first end cap

[0090] 18 second end 0 second end cap 2 metal band 4 circular cylinder 6 lattice structure 8 aperture 0 inner section

[0091] 32 edge section

[0092] 36 circular base

[0093] 38 rand

[0094] 39 ring-shaped base 0 border 1 opening

[0095] 42 free end

[0096] 44 Survey

[0097] 45 slot

[0098] 46 polygonal cylinders

[0099] 48 jetty

[0100] B Width

[0101] L longitudinal direction of the belt

[0102] Q Belt cross direction

Claims

Claims 1. Filter (10) for separating substances, in particular for separating at least two substances and / or for separating at least one substance from at least one liquid, comprising at least one filter element (12) which has a metal strip (22) provided with openings (28), wherein the openings (28) are produced by means of rotary cutting and stretching and / or rolling.

2. Filter according to claim 1, characterized in that the metal strip (22) is rolled smooth.

3. Filter according to claim 1, characterized in that the metal band (22) has elevations (44) in the region of the openings (28).

4. Filter according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the openings have a hexagonal shape or the shape of an elongated hole (45).

5. Filter according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the openings (28) have an opening width between 0.1 mm and 4 mm.

6. Filter according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an opening width of the openings (28) is adjustable by the degree of stretching and / or the degree of rolling.

7. Filter according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the metal strip (22) is formed into a circular cylinder (24) or a polygonal cylinder (46), wherein free ends (42) of the metal strip (22) formed into a circular cylinder (24) or a polygonal cylinder (46) are connected to one another in a form-fitting, force-fitting and / or material-fitting manner.

8. Filter according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the metal strip (22) has a thickness (D) between 0.1 mm and 1 mm.

9. Filter according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the metal strip (10) consists of a hot-rolled strip or a cold-rolled strip.

10. Filter according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the metal strip (10) is made of a metal in all states with ductile properties, coated or bare, or of a metal alloy in all states with ductile properties, all coated or bare.

11. A method for producing a filter according to one of claims 1 to 10, comprising the following steps: a. providing a metal strip (10); b. cutting slits into the metal strip (22) by rotary cutting; and c. widening the slits to form openings (28) by stretching and / or rolling.

12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that the metal strip (10) is formed into a circular cylinder (24) or a polygonal cylinder (46).

13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that free ends (42) of the metal strip (22) formed into a circular cylinder (24) or a polygonal cylinder (46) are joined together in a materially bonded manner.

14. Method according to one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that the metal strip (22) is rolled smooth after the slots have been made.

Images