Annular nozzle and nozzle assembly

Abstract

An annular nozzle (1) for enclosing a nozzle lance inserted therein has a longitudinal axis (L) and an outer nozzle end (2) for dispensing a gas or gas mixture. The annular nozzle (1) has an annular outer channel (5) extending between an outer tube (3) and an inner tube (4) towards the outer nozzle end (2), which opens in the region of the outer nozzle end (2) into at least one, preferably annular, outer outlet opening (6). Opposite the outer outlet opening (6), a Hartmann generator (7) is formed on the inner tube (4), pointing away from the longitudinal axis (L). The inner tube (4) encloses an inner shaft (8) for inserting the nozzle lance.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a ring nozzle for enclosing a nozzle lance inserted therein, wherein the ring nozzle has a longitudinal axis and an outer nozzle end for dispensing a gas or gas mixture.

[0002] Furthermore, the invention relates to a nozzle arrangement with a ring nozzle and a nozzle lance inserted into the ring nozzle, as well as a method for providing a combustion flame, wherein a nozzle arrangement according to the invention is used for the method.

[0003] In many industrial sectors, such as waste management, the chemical and pharmaceutical industries, and refineries, efforts are underway to reduce nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions from industrial burners used to combust waste gases and liquids. Burners with reduced NOx emissions are also known as low-NOx burners.

[0004] In addition, research is being conducted on how the combustion of non-fossil gases, especially hydrogen (H2), biogas and ammonia (NH3), affects the formation of nitrogen oxides.

[0005] The example of hydrogen (H₂) has shown that burning hydrogen with conventional burners (e.g., burners designed for natural gas combustion) results in very high flue gas and flame temperatures. High flame temperatures, however, lead to very high NOx emissions. For example, NOx emissions from hydrogen combustion increase by a factor of 2 to 2.5 compared to natural gas combustion (without DeNOx measures).

[0006] A common measure to reduce the high temperatures in the flame or exhaust gas is to mix cooled exhaust gas with the combustion air. However, this process requires extensive modifications to the entire combustion system and incurs high additional costs.

[0007] Other promising measures for reducing the temperature of the combustion flame or exhaust gas during hydrogen combustion that have already been investigated include: the introduction of nitrogen (N 2 ), carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), water or water vapor into the hydrogen flame, or the mixing of hydrogen (H 2 ) with natural gas.

[0008] The first measure involves adding an inert gas or atomized water to significantly reduce the exhaust gas temperature, thereby also lowering the NOx content in the exhaust gas.

[0009] During the investigations concerning the above-mentioned measure, it was found that the greatest cooling effect and thus the greatest reduction of the NOx content in the exhaust gas occurs when the inert gas or atomized water is introduced directly into the center of the combustion flame.

[0010] A disadvantage of known nozzles or nozzle lances used in burners or combustion plants for the combustion of gases and flammable liquids is that a cooling medium (such as inert gas or atomized water) cannot be introduced into the center of the combustion flame at all or only extremely ineffectively with these.

[0011] The invention is based on the objective of providing a ring nozzle and a nozzle assembly that do not exhibit the disadvantages of the prior art. In particular, a ring nozzle and a nozzle assembly containing the ring nozzle are to be provided with which a cooling medium can be introduced into the interior of a combustion flame with particular efficiency.

[0012] This problem is solved according to the invention with a ring nozzle having the features of claim 1 and with a nozzle arrangement having the features of claim 3.

[0013] Preferred and advantageous embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

[0014] According to the invention, the annular nozzle has an annular outer channel extending between an outer tube and an inner tube towards the end of the outer nozzle, which opens into at least one outer outlet opening in the region of the outer nozzle end. Preferably, one outer outlet opening is provided, which is annular. However, several outlet openings can also be provided, which are, for example, arranged in a ring. The outer outlet opening can be continuous or interrupted, for example, by connecting webs.

[0015] On the inner tube, opposite the outer outlet, a Hartmann generator (also called an ultrasonic generator) is formed, pointing away from the longitudinal axis. The inner tube encloses or forms an inner shaft for inserting the nozzle lance.

[0016] Both the outer and inner pipes can be composed of several components, whereby, within the scope of the invention, a "pipe" is understood to be a component (possibly composed of several components) that has a longitudinal extension and encloses or forms an inner channel through which fluid flows from one pipe end to the other. Within the scope of the invention, a pipe can have stepped wall sections interrupted by grooves or rollers, with varying thicknesses.

[0017] Within the scope of the invention, the outer nozzle end is understood to be the end of the annular nozzle from which the gas is released (outlet end). The annular nozzle may also have components projecting beyond the outer nozzle end, which, for example, contribute to shaping the flame.

[0018] Preferably, the inner shaft is gas-tight from the outer ring channel. This has the advantage that the gas flowing through the outer ring channel flows entirely through the outer outlet opening into the Hartmann generator and does not escape through the inner shaft at the outer nozzle end. Such a ring nozzle can be particularly well combined with existing nozzle lances or retrofitted to existing burners.

[0019] When the annular nozzle according to the invention is used for its preferred purpose, namely to jet a working gas (combustion gas or gas to be burned), a cooling medium can be introduced directly into the center of the jetted working gas cone or the combustion flame formed by the ignited working gas by means of a nozzle lance inserted into the annular nozzle (or into its inner shaft). This optimally cools the combustion flame generated during the combustion of the working gas cone and significantly reduces the NOx content of the resulting exhaust gas.

[0020] The annular nozzle according to the invention can alternatively be used for other purposes. For example, the main task of the annular nozzle according to the invention can be to shape or stabilize the gas cone or gas jet emerging from a nozzle lance inserted into the annular nozzle (or into its inner shaft). An annular nozzle according to the invention can therefore also be used, for example, in nozzle arrangements in which a flammable gas or a flammable, atomized liquid is discharged via the nozzle lance into the center of the working gas cone emitted by the annular nozzle.

[0021] In an advantageous embodiment, at least a section of a conical inner surface of the outer tube is arranged opposite the Hartmann generator. This section is located closer to the outer nozzle end than the outer outlet opening and, in particular, connects (directly) to the outer outlet opening. The conical inner surface extends towards, and preferably to, the outer nozzle end and widens towards the outer nozzle end.

[0022] Preferably, the outer tube has a detachably mounted flame former at the outer nozzle end. The flame former is, in particular, the last section of the outer tube, which is detachably connected to the adjacent section of the outer tube, for example, by screwing or plugging it in. The conical inner surface is formed at least partially on the flame former, so that the shape of the conical inner surface can be changed, at least partially, by replacing the flame former, thereby also changing the shape of the working gas cone exiting the annular nozzle. The conical inner surface has, for example, a first section and a second section formed on the flame former, whereby the sections can be inclined at different angles.

[0023] The invention also relates to a nozzle arrangement with a ring nozzle and an inner nozzle of a nozzle lance inserted into the ring nozzle.

[0024] The inner nozzle of the nozzle lance has a longitudinal axis and an inner nozzle end for dispensing at least one fluid. The annular nozzle is an annular nozzle according to the invention, based on one of the embodiments described above. The nozzle lance is inserted into the inner shaft of the annular nozzle until the inner nozzle end is positioned in the region of the outer nozzle end. The longitudinal axes of the annular nozzle and the inner nozzle are preferably substantially congruent with each other, i.e., they preferably have the same longitudinal axis. The nozzle lance can be fixed in the inner shaft of the annular nozzle, for example, by means of a locking screw acting from the side or by means of a locking system.

[0025] Existing combustion plants can be retrofitted relatively easily and cost-effectively so that they have the nozzle arrangement according to the invention instead of the conventional nozzle lance installed in them.

[0026] Preferably, the inner nozzle end of the inner nozzle projects beyond the Hartmann generator of the annular nozzle, as this results in a particularly effective distribution of the fluid discharged from the inner nozzle in the working gas cone discharged from the annular nozzle.

[0027] In particular, a preferred embodiment of the invention comprises at least one annular inner channel, enclosed by an outer tube of the inner nozzle and extending towards the end of the inner nozzle, which opens into at least one inner outlet opening in the region of the inner nozzle end, and at least one central channel extending towards the end of the inner nozzle and opening into at least one central outlet opening. The inner annular channel extends around the longitudinal axis and around the central channel. Opposite the inner outlet opening, a Hartmann generator is arranged, which sets the gas flowing through the inner annular channel into ultrasonic vibration.

[0028] Preferably, a single, ring-shaped internal outlet opening is provided. However, several internal outlet openings, for example arranged in a ring, can also be provided.

[0029] It is also preferred if a single central outlet opening is provided, which is directed essentially in the axial direction and is particularly circular or annular in shape. However, the central outlet opening can also be oriented transversely to the longitudinal axis and / or several central outlet openings can be provided. For example, an attachment (fitting) can be provided at the front of the inner nozzle, which is shaped such that the central outlet opening or several central outlet openings are directed radially outwards. Both the inner outlet opening and the central outlet opening can be continuous or interrupted, e.g., by retaining ribs.

[0030] In particular, the inner outlet opening points towards the longitudinal axis, and the Hartmann generator of the inner nozzle is formed on the inner tube of the inner nozzle and points away from the longitudinal axis. Such nozzles are ideally suited for atomizing liquid fuels or a liquid cooling medium via an atomized gas flowing through the inner annular channel, or for generating a particularly "stable" gas cone of a working or cooling gas.

[0031] The inner nozzle is positioned with its outer tube inside the inner tube (i.e., in the inner shaft) of the annular nozzle. The maximum outer circumference of the inner nozzle's outer tube can be essentially the same as the minimum inner circumference of the annular nozzle's inner tube. In particular, the outer circumference of the outer tube is slightly smaller than the inner circumference of the inner tube, creating a small gap between the annular and inner nozzles. This facilitates the insertion and removal of the nozzle lance.

[0032] The outer tube of the inner nozzle can also have a flame former and a conical inner surface at the inner nozzle end, whereby the flame former and the conical inner surface of the outer tube of the inner nozzle can be designed in the same way as the flame former of the ring nozzle.

[0033] According to a first preferred embodiment, the inner annular channel and the central channel have separate supply channels. The inner annular channel and the central channel can each be supplied with a fluid via these supply channels, whereby each channel can be supplied with a different fluid, but both channels can also be supplied with the same fluid (at the same or different pressure).

[0034] Preferably, in this embodiment, the outer annular channel is provided for a working gas and the inner annular channel for an acoustic gas. The central channel is preferably provided for a gaseous cooling medium, a liquid cooling medium, another working gas, or a liquid fuel. The acoustic gas of the inner annular channel serves either to atomize a liquid dispensed through the central channel or to stabilize and shape the gas cone ejected from the central channel. The additional working gas optionally ejected from the central channel can be the same working gas that flows from the outer annular channel, or it can be a different working gas.

[0035] For example, in the embodiment described above, water can be sprayed out via the central channel, which is atomized with the help of the sound gas that emerges from the Hartmann generator in the form of an ultrasonic column and, in its atomized state, is introduced directly into the center of the working gas cone exiting the annular nozzle.

[0036] According to a further preferred embodiment, the inner annular channel and the central channel have a common supply channel. Both channels can therefore be supplied with the same fluid (from the same fluid source), wherein the fluid in this embodiment is in particular a gas.

[0037] Preferably, in this embodiment, the outer annular channel is provided for a working gas, and the inner annular channel and the central channel are provided for a gaseous cooling medium or another working gas. In such an embodiment, the partial flow of gas exiting the inner annular channel shapes or stabilizes the partial flow of gas exiting the central channel. In this embodiment as well, the additional working gas can be the same gas exiting the annular nozzle or a different gas.

[0038] The working gas and / or, if applicable, the sound-producing gas can be a gas, a gas mixture, or another gaseous substance, such as steam, in the embodiments described above.

[0039] In embodiments that use acoustic gas, this is preferably air, in particular compressed air, or steam. If a gaseous cooling medium is provided, this is preferably an inert gas or gas mixture, or steam. If a liquid cooling medium is provided, this is preferably water. A heating gas or combustible waste gas is particularly suitable as the working gas. Within the scope of the invention, heating oil or a combustible (low- or high-calorific) waste liquid can be used as the liquid fuel. A suspension of combustible waste particles in a liquid is also considered a liquid fuel within the scope of the invention.

[0040] Other nozzle arrangements are also conceivable within the scope of the invention. For example, the nozzle lance can have an inner nozzle with only a single inner nozzle channel encased by an outer tube. In such nozzle arrangements, the outer annular channel can be provided for a working gas and the inner annular channel for another (same or different) working gas or a gaseous cooling medium.

[0041] The invention also relates to variants of a method for providing a combustion flame.

[0042] According to a first embodiment of the method according to the invention, a nozzle arrangement according to the invention is used in which the inner nozzle has two channels supplied via different supply channels, namely the inner annular channel and the central channel. In this embodiment of the method, the outer annular channel is supplied with the working gas, the inner annular channel with the sound gas, and the central channel with the gaseous or liquid cooling medium. The substances or mixtures of substances already mentioned above as cooling media can serve as the cooling medium. In this embodiment of the method according to the invention, the gaseous cooling medium or the liquid cooling medium, atomized with the aid of the sound gas, is introduced directly into the center of the combustion flame formed by the ignited working gas, thereby cooling the combustion flame.This significantly reduces the proportion of NOx residues in the exhaust air from the combustion process.

[0043] Instead of a cooling medium (liquid or gaseous), the central channel can also be supplied with another working gas or a liquid fuel. In this embodiment of the inventive process, the combustion flame is formed by the ignited working gas and the ignited additional (identical or different) working gas, or by the ignited liquid fuel atomized by means of the sound gas. This allows mixtures of two working gases, mixtures of a working gas and a liquid fuel, as well as waste liquids, to be combusted particularly effectively.

[0044] According to a further embodiment of the method according to the invention, a nozzle arrangement according to the invention is used in which the inner nozzle has two channels supplied via a common supply channel, namely the inner annular channel and the central channel. In this embodiment of the method, the outer annular channel is supplied with the working gas, and the inner annular channel and the central channel are supplied with the gaseous cooling medium. In this embodiment of the method according to the invention as well, the gaseous cooling medium is introduced directly into the center of the combustion flame formed by the ignited working gas, so that the combustion flame is cooled and the proportion of NOx residues in the exhaust air of the combustion process is reduced.

[0045] In a further embodiment of the inventive method, the inner ring channel and the central channel can also be supplied with a different working gas instead of a gaseous cooling medium. This also serves to combust mixtures of two working gases particularly effectively.

[0046] It is understood that, within the scope of the invention, features described only for the ring nozzle according to the invention may also be implemented in an adequate manner in the nozzle arrangement according to the invention and in the methods according to the invention, and vice versa.

[0047] Further details, features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description of preferred embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. These show: Fig. 1 shows a longitudinal section through a ring nozzle according to the invention, Fig. 2 shows a longitudinal section through a first variant of a nozzle arrangement according to the invention, and Fig. 3 shows a longitudinal section through a further variant of a nozzle arrangement according to the invention.

[0048] Fig. 1 shows a longitudinal section through a ring nozzle 1 according to the invention, wherein the section plane runs along a longitudinal axis L of the ring nozzle 1.

[0049] The annular nozzle 1 has an outer nozzle end 2 from which a working gas A is discharged, i.e., sprayed out in a cone shape. Fig. 1 Only the section of the ring nozzle 1 having the outer nozzle end 2 is shown.

[0050] In the ring nozzle 1 according to the invention, an outer ring channel 5 is formed between an outer tube 3 and an inner tube 4, which runs towards the outer nozzle end 2 and opens into an outer outlet opening 6.

[0051] A Hartmann generator 7 is formed on the inner tube 4, which is directed outwards away from the longitudinal axis L.

[0052] The inner tube 4 forms or encloses an inner shaft 8, which is preferably sealed gas-tight against the outer ring channel 5.

[0053] A tubular flame former 9 forms a direct end section of the outer tube 3 adjoining the outer nozzle end 2. This is screwed onto the adjoining part of the outer tube 3.

[0054] A conical inner surface 10 is formed on the outer tube 3, which in the illustrated embodiment extends between the outer nozzle end 2 and the outer outlet opening 6 directed in the direction of the longitudinal axis L. A section of the conical inner surface 10 is thus opposite the Hartmann generator 7 of the annular nozzle 1.

[0055] The conical inner surface 10 is formed section by section on the flame former 9 and section by section on the adjoining part of the outer tube 3 and widens towards the outer nozzle end 2.

[0056] The inclination, i.e. an angle enclosed with the longitudinal axis L, of the section of the conical inner surface 10 formed on the flame former 9, can be greater or smaller than the inclination of the section of the conical inner surface 10 which is formed on the part of the outer tube 3 which connects to the flame former 3.

[0057] The outer ring channel 5 can be supplied with the working gas A via an adjoining outer supply channel 11. The working gas A flowing in the outer ring channel 5 towards the outer nozzle end 2 is in Fig. 1 symbolically represented with arrows.

[0058] Fig. 2Figure 1 shows a nozzle arrangement according to the invention with the annular nozzle 1 according to the invention and a nozzle lance inserted into the annular nozzle 1 (i.e. into its inner shaft 8), wherein the nozzle lance has an inner nozzle 12. Fig. 2 Figure 1 shows the nozzle arrangement in a longitudinal section, with the section axis running along the common longitudinal axis L of the ring nozzle 1 and the inner nozzle 12.

[0059] The inner nozzle 12 has an inner nozzle end 13 for dispensing at least one fluid, the inner nozzle end 13 being located in the region of the outer nozzle end 2. The inner nozzle end 13 projects a portion of the Hartmann generator 7 of the annular nozzle 1 towards the outer nozzle end 2.

[0060] The inner nozzle 12 also has an outer tube 14, with which the inner nozzle 12 is inserted into the inner shaft 8 of the ring nozzle 1, so that a narrow gap is formed between the inner tube 4 of the ring nozzle 1 and the outer tube 14 of the inner nozzle 12.

[0061] In addition to its outer tube 14, the inner nozzle 12 also has an inner tube 15, which, like the outer tube 14, extends to the inner nozzle end 13.

[0062] An inner annular channel 16 is formed between the outer tube 14 and the inner tube 15 of the inner nozzle 12. This channel extends towards the inner nozzle end 13 and opens into an inner outlet opening 17. The inner outlet opening 17 is opposite a Hartmann generator 18 of the inner tube 15 of the inner nozzle 12, which is directed away from the longitudinal axis L.

[0063] The inner tube 15 encloses a central channel 19, which runs towards the inner nozzle end 13 and opens into a central outlet opening 20 which points essentially in the direction of the longitudinal axis L.

[0064] The inner ring channel 16 can be supplied with a gas, for example sound gas S, via an inner supply channel 21, and the central channel 19 can be supplied with a gas or a liquid to be atomized, for example a liquid coolant KF, such as water, via a central supply channel 22. Fig. 2 The sound gas S and the liquid cooling medium KF, which both flow in the associated channel 16, 19 towards the inner nozzle end 12, are symbolically represented by arrows.

[0065] The gas or gas mixture exiting the inner nozzle 12, which is formed, for example, from the sound gas S and the liquid cooling medium KF atomized by means of the sound gas S, is introduced directly into the gas cone of working gas A exiting the outer nozzle end 2 or into the combustion flame formed due to the ignited working gas A in the nozzle arrangement according to the invention.

[0066] Fig. 3The figure also shows a nozzle arrangement according to the invention in a longitudinal section, but according to a further, alternative embodiment.

[0067] The in Fig. 3 The nozzle arrangement shown is identical in almost all essential points to the one in Fig. 2 The nozzle arrangement shown is identical and differs only in the following point: In the case of the one shown in Fig. 3 In the illustrated embodiment, the inner ring channel 16 and the central channel 19 are supplied with a gas or gas mixture, for example a gaseous cooling medium KG, via a common supply channel 23.

[0068] Even at the in Fig. 3 In the illustrated embodiment, the gas or gas mixture exiting at the inner nozzle 12 is introduced directly into the gas cone of working gas A exiting at the outer nozzle end 2 or into the combustion flame formed due to the ignited working gas A.

[0069] In the Fig. 2 and 3Only the section of the nozzle arrangement having the outer nozzle end 2 and inner nozzle end 13 is shown. Reference symbol list:

[0070] 1 Ring nozzle 2 Outer nozzle end 3 Outer pipe ring nozzle 4 Inner pipe ring nozzle 5 Outer ring channel 6 Outer outlet opening 7 Hartmann generator ring nozzle 8 Inner shaft 9 Flame former ring nozzle 10 Conical inner surface ring nozzle 11 Outer supply channel 12 Inner nozzle 13 Inner nozzle end 14 Outer pipe inner nozzle 15 Inner pipe inner nozzle 16 Inner ring channel 17 Inner outlet opening 18 Hartmann generator inner nozzle 19 Central channel 20 Central outlet opening 21 Inner supply channel 22 Central supply channel 23 Common supply channel Longitudinal axis A Working gas S Sound gas KF Liquid cooling medium KG Gaseous cooling medium

Claims

1. Ring nozzle (1) for enclosing a nozzle lance inserted therein, wherein the ring nozzle (1) has a longitudinal axis (L) and an outer nozzle end (2) for dispensing a gas or gas mixture, characterized by the fact that the annular nozzle (1) has an annular outer ring channel (5) extending between an outer tube (3) and an inner tube (4) towards the outer nozzle end (2), which opens in the region of the outer nozzle end (2) into at least one, preferably annular, outer outlet opening (6), that opposite the outer outlet opening (6) on the inner tube (4) a Hartmann generator (7) pointing away from the longitudinal axis (L) is formed, and that the inner tube (4) encloses an inner shaft (8) for inserting the nozzle lance.

2. Ring nozzle according to claim 1, characterized by the fact thatopposite the Hartmann generator (7) and closer to the outer nozzle end (2) than the outer outlet opening (6) at least a section of a conical inner surface (10) of the outer tube (3) is arranged, and the conical inner surface (10) extends and widens towards the outer nozzle end (2), wherein the outer tube (3) preferably has a detachably mounted flame former (9) at the outer nozzle end (2), and wherein the conical inner surface (10) is formed at least section by the flame former (9).

3. Nozzle arrangement with an annular nozzle (1) and a nozzle lance inserted into the annular nozzle (1), wherein the nozzle lance has an inner nozzle (12) with a longitudinal axis (L) and an inner nozzle end (13) for dispensing at least one fluid, characterized by the fact thatthe ring nozzle (1) is a ring nozzle (1) according to one of claims 1 or 2, and that the inner nozzle (12) of the nozzle lance is inserted into the inner shaft (8) so that the inner nozzle end (13) is arranged in the area of ​​the outer nozzle end (2).

4. Nozzle arrangement according to claim 3, characterized by the fact that the inner nozzle end (13) of the inner nozzle (12) extends beyond the Hartmann generator (7) of the ring nozzle (1).

5. Nozzle arrangement according to claim 3 or 4, characterized by the fact thatthe inner nozzle (12) has at least one annular inner channel (16) extending towards the inner nozzle end (13), enclosed by an outer tube (14) of the inner nozzle (12), which opens in the region of the inner nozzle end (13) into at least one, preferably annular, inner outlet opening (17), and at least one central channel (19) extending towards the inner nozzle end (13) and opening into at least one central outlet opening (20), that the inner annular channel (16) extends around the longitudinal axis (L) and around the central channel (19), that a Hartmann generator (18) of the inner nozzle (12) is arranged opposite the inner outlet opening (17), and that the inner nozzle (12) with its outer tube (14) is arranged in the inner tube (4) of the annular nozzle (1).

6. Nozzle arrangement according to claim 5, characterized by the fact that the inner ring channel (16) and the central channel (19) have separate supply channels (21, 22) through which they can each be supplied with fluid.

7. Nozzle arrangement according to claim 6, characterized by the fact that the outer ring channel (5) for a working gas (A), the inner ring channel (16) for a sound gas (S), and the central channel (19) for a gaseous cooling medium (K) G ), a liquid cooling medium (K F ), another working gas or liquid fuel is provided.

8. Nozzle arrangement according to claim 5, characterized by the fact that the inner ring channel (16) and the central channel (19) have a common supply channel (23) through which they can be supplied with fluid, in particular a gas.

9. Nozzle arrangement according to claim 8, characterized by the fact that the outer ring channel (5) for a working gas (A), and the inner ring channel (16) and the central channel (19) for a gaseous cooling medium (K) G ) or another working gas is / are provided.

10. Method for providing a combustion flame, wherein a nozzle arrangement according to claim 7 is used for the method, wherein the outer annular channel (5) is filled with the working gas (A), the inner annular channel (16) with the sound gas (S) and the central channel (19) with the gaseous cooling medium (K). G ) or the liquid cooling medium (K F ) is supplied, and wherein the gaseous cooling medium (K G ) or the liquid cooling medium (K) atomized by means of the sound gas (S) F ) is introduced directly into the center of the combustion flame formed by the ignited working gas (A) and cools it.

11. Method for providing a combustion flame, wherein a nozzle arrangement according to claim 7 is used for the method, wherein the outer annular channel (5) is supplied with the working gas (A), the inner annular channel (16) with the sound gas (S) and the central channel (19) with the further working gas or the liquid fuel, and wherein the combustion flame is formed by the ignited working gas (A) and the ignited further working gas or the ignited liquid fuel atomized by means of the sound gas.

12. Method for providing a combustion flame, wherein a nozzle arrangement according to claim 9 is used for the method, wherein the outer annular channel (5) is filled with the working gas (A), and the inner annular channel (16) and the central channel (19) are filled with the gaseous cooling medium (K). G ) is / are supplied and wherein the gaseous cooling medium (K G) is introduced directly into the center of the combustion flame formed by the ignited working gas (A) and cools it.

13. Method for providing a combustion flame, wherein a nozzle arrangement according to claim 9 is used for the method, wherein the outer annular channel (5) is supplied with the working gas (A), and the inner annular channel (16) and the central channel (19) are supplied with the further working gas, and wherein the combustion flame is formed by the ignited working gas and the ignited further working gas.

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