Method for operating a ventilation system, and ventilation system

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for operating a ventilation system of a track-bound vehicle (1), wherein the fresh air quantity (20) conducted into the interior (2) of the track-bound vehicle (1) per unit of time is set by means of the ventilation system (10), an air particle value LP of the ambient air U of the track-bound vehicle (1) is ascertained, and the fresh air quantity (20) per unit of time is determined and set on the basis of the air particle value P of the ambient air U.

Description

[0001] Description

[0002] Method for operating a ventilation system and ventilation system

[0003] The invention relates to a method for operating a ventilation system of a track-guided vehicle, wherein the ventilation system is used to adjust the quantity of fresh air fed into an interior of the track-guided vehicle per unit of time.

[0004] Furthermore, the invention relates to a ventilation system for a track-guided vehicle, which is designed to convey ambient air into the interior of the track-guided vehicle, wherein the ventilation system is designed such that the amount of fresh air fed into the interior of the track-guided vehicle per unit of time is adjustable.

[0005] Furthermore, the invention relates to a track-guided vehicle comprising at least one such ventilation system or one further developed as described below.

[0006] Furthermore, the invention relates to a computer program product which is to be used in a computer of a ventilation system for a rail-guided vehicle or in a computer of a rail-guided vehicle with such a ventilation system.

[0007] Furthermore, the invention relates to a computer-readable recording medium on which a computer program product is recorded.

[0008] Furthermore, the invention relates to a digital twin of such a ventilation system or a system further developed as described below or of such a track-guided vehicle or a system further developed as described below.

[0009] Sand and dust particles enter the ventilation systems of rail-guided vehicles during air intake. These particles then enter the filter or pass through the filter into the components or air ducts. These particles contaminate the components of the ventilation systems as well as the air ducts. Furthermore, the filters become clogged.

[0010] This has the disadvantage that frequent filter changes and / or cleaning of the ventilation system components and air ducts are necessary. In the case of high particle loads, for example, due to sand and / or dust, cleaning cycles are shortened from months to days or hours.

[0011] Proceeding from this, the object of the invention is to provide a method for operating a ventilation system and a ventilation system which allows extended maintenance intervals in the event of high particle load.

[0012] This object is achieved by the method of claim 1. Furthermore, the object is achieved by the ventilation system of claim 8, the track-guided vehicle of claim 12, the computer program product according to claim 13, the computer-readable recording medium according to claim 14 and the digital twin according to claim 15.

[0013] Advantageous embodiments and further developments are the subject of the respective subclaims.

[0014] According to the invention, a method is provided for operating a ventilation system of a track-guided vehicle, wherein the ventilation system is used to adjust the amount of fresh air supplied per unit of time to an interior of the track-guided vehicle. An air particle value of the ambient air of the track-guided vehicle is determined, and the amount of fresh air per unit of time is determined and adjusted as a function of the air particle value of the ambient air.

[0015] Furthermore, according to the invention, a ventilation system for a rail-guided vehicle is provided, which is designed to convey ambient air into the interior of the rail-guided vehicle, wherein the ventilation system is designed such that the amount of fresh air directed into the interior of the rail-guided vehicle per unit of time is adjustable. The ventilation system is designed such that an air particle value of the ambient air of the rail-guided vehicle can be determined and the amount of fresh air per unit of time can be determined and adjusted as a function of the air particle value of the ambient air.

[0016] Furthermore, according to the invention, a track-guided vehicle is provided, comprising at least one such ventilation system or one further developed as described below.

[0017] Furthermore, according to the invention, a computer program product is provided which is to be used in a computer of a ventilation system for a track-guided vehicle or in a computer of a track-guided vehicle with such a ventilation system, wherein the computer program product, when executed, causes the computer to carry out such a method or a method further developed as described below for operating the ventilation system.

[0018] Furthermore, a computer-readable recording medium on which a computer program product is recorded is provided, wherein the computer program product, when executed in a ventilation system for a rail-guided vehicle, is suitable for causing the computer of the ventilation system for a rail-guided vehicle or in a computer of the rail-guided vehicle with such a ventilation system to carry out such a method or a method further developed as described below for operating the ventilation system.

[0019] Furthermore, according to the invention, a digital twin of such a ventilation system or a system further developed as described below or of such a rail-guided vehicle or a system further developed as described below is provided, wherein the digital twin comprises a digitized image of such a ventilation system or a system further developed as described below or a digitized image of such a rail-guided vehicle or a system further developed as described below.

[0020] The track-guided vehicle is, for example, a rail vehicle or a magnetic levitation train, preferably for passenger transport.

[0021] The ventilation system can be part of an air conditioning system.

[0022] Adjusting the amount of fresh air per unit of time depending on the particle level of the ambient air can include both open-loop and closed-loop control.

[0023] According to the invention, the amount of fresh air depends on the air particle value (e.g. the sand or dust load), so that the amount of fresh air changes depending on the air particle value. If the air particle value is higher, the amount of fresh air is reduced and thus also the amount of particles sucked in. The filter surface is exposed to a smaller amount of particles. Since the filters have a maximum particle load, the service life of the filters is extended due to the lower particle load per unit time until they have reached the maximum particle load.

[0024] The process increases filter change times and extends cleaning intervals.

[0025] A further advantage is that this process allows for a higher volume of fresh air to be introduced once the particle load subsides. This allows the rail-guided vehicle to be used even in cases of temporary high particle loads (such as sand and dust).

[0026] In a further development of the method, it can be provided that the amount of fresh air per unit of time corresponds to at least a predetermined minimum amount of fresh air per unit of time.

[0027] The minimum amount of fresh air is defined, for example, by the standards EN13129 and EN14750.

[0028] This ensures that a defined standard-compliant air exchange is always guaranteed.

[0029] Furthermore, in an embodiment of the method, it can be provided that an occupancy-dependent state parameter value of the interior is determined and the predetermined minimum amount of fresh air per unit of time is determined as a function of the occupancy-dependent state parameter value.

[0030] This creates a feedback loop, so that only the actual required air volume per unit of time is determined and adjusted as the minimum fresh air volume per unit of time depending on the occupancy-dependent state parameter value. Furthermore, in an advantageous development of the method, the occupancy-dependent state parameter value of the interior space can be a value of a CCp concentration in the interior space and / or a number of people in the interior space.

[0031] This means that the occupancy level or an occupancy-dependent condition parameter value such as the CO2 concentration is used directly to adjust the ventilation system, thereby adapting the amount of fresh air to the actual conditions.

[0032] This makes it possible for the amount of fresh air taken in to be regulated via the CCp concentration. Until the limit / setpoint for the CCp concentration in the interior is reached, the fresh air supplied from outside is reduced to a minimum or the fresh air intake from outside is completely stopped in the event of heavy sand and dust pollution. Only when the CCp limit is reached is the fresh air intake opened again or partially opened. CCp limit values ​​are included, for example, in the technical specification for interoperability (TS I) for vehicles - locomotives and passenger cars LOC&PAS (cf. Regulation (EU) No. 1302 / 2014 in the consolidated version of 11 March 2020).

[0033] With other fresh air extraction systems, the air volume can be reduced to a minimum. This minimum may depend on factors such as temperature, pressure, etc.

[0034] Furthermore, the method can provide that the occupancy-dependent state parameter value of the interior is continuously determined and compared with a predetermined target value and, under the condition that the occupancy-dependent state parameter value of the interior deviates from the predetermined target value, the amount of fresh air fed into the interior per unit of time is adjusted.

[0035] This ensures continuous ventilation of the interior, adapted to the current situation, taking into account a predefined or predetermined setpoint.

[0036] Furthermore, in a further development of the method, it can be provided that if the setpoint is not met, the amount of fresh air fed into the interior per unit of time is increased and / or if the setpoint is met, the amount of fresh air fed into the interior per unit of time is kept constant or reduced.

[0037] This makes it possible to adjust the amount of fresh air to an optimal level based on the setpoint.

[0038] In an embodiment of the method, it can further be provided that the air particle value is determined continuously and, when the air particle value is reduced, the amount of fresh air fed into an interior of the track-guided vehicle per unit of time is increased and / or, when the air particle value is increased, the amount of fresh air fed into an interior of the track-guided vehicle per unit of time is kept constant or reduced.

[0039] The method may further provide that the air particle value is a measure of the amount of particles, such as sand and / or dust, in the ambient air.

[0040] Furthermore, the method can provide that the air particle value is determined by a measuring device when the ambient air is sucked into the ventilation system in a suction area of ​​the ventilation system, wherein the measuring device determines the light transmittance of the sucked-in ambient air.

[0041] This records the actual air particle value when the ambient air is sucked into the ventilation system.

[0042] In a further development, the ventilation system can have a measuring device in an intake area of ​​the ventilation system, which is designed to determine the air particle value by determining the light transmittance of the ambient air taken in.

[0043] When air is drawn in, the light transmittance or turbidity of the air drawn in is determined. If the light transmittance reaches a limit, the amount of air drawn in is reduced. The air flow can be reduced to a minimum permissible amount.

[0044] A further advantage is that this system, which measures light transmission, allows for a higher air volume to be returned once the particle load, and thus the turbidity, decreases. This allows the system to be used even in cases of temporary particle contamination (such as sand and dust).

[0045] Furthermore, the ventilation system can be designed in such a way that it is designed to carry out the method.

[0046] All procedural embodiments apply equally to the ventilation system and the track-guided vehicle. The invention will be explained below using an exemplary embodiment with reference to the drawing.

[0047] It shows :

[0048] Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of the ventilation system according to the invention of a track-guided vehicle; and

[0049] Fig. 2 shows a schematic representation of the method according to the invention for operating a ventilation system of the track-guided vehicle.

[0050] Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of a track-guided vehicle 1 according to the invention with a ventilation system 10 according to the invention.

[0051] The ventilation system 10 is intended for a rail-guided vehicle 1 and is designed to convey ambient air U into the interior 2 of the rail-guided vehicle 1.

[0052] The interior 2 of the track-guided vehicle 1 is, for example, a passenger compartment.

[0053] The ventilation system 10 is designed such that the quantity of fresh air 20 fed into an interior space 2 of the track-guided vehicle 1 per unit of time is adjustable.

[0054] The ventilation system 1 can also be designed as part of an air conditioning system. The ventilation system 10 is designed such that an air particle value L P the ambient air U of the track-guided vehicle 1 can be determined.

[0055] The amount of fresh air 20 per unit of time depends on the air particle value L P the ambient air U can be determined and adjusted.

[0056] The ventilation system 10 has a measuring device 12 in a suction area of ​​the ventilation system 10, which is used to determine the air particle value L Pby determining the light transmittance of the ambient air U taken in.

[0057] The air particle value L P is a measure of the amount of particles, such as sand and / or dust, in the ambient air U .

[0058] The ventilation system 10 is designed in such a way that it is designed to carry out the method described below with reference to Fig . 2 .

[0059] Fig. 2 shows a schematic representation of the method according to the invention for operating a ventilation system 10 of the track-guided vehicle 1.

[0060] The method is a method for operating the ventilation system 10 of a track-guided vehicle 1, as described with reference to Fig. 1. By means of the ventilation system 10, the amount of fresh air 20 fed into an interior 2 of the track-guided vehicle 1 per unit of time is adjusted. In a first step, an air particle value L Pthe ambient air U of the track-guided vehicle is determined. For this purpose, this can be measured in an intake area of ​​the ventilation system 10 using the measuring device 12.

[0061] According to the procedure, the air particle value L P when the ambient air U is sucked into the ventilation system 10 in an intake area of ​​the ventilation system 10 by the measuring device 12. The measuring device 12 determines the light transmittance of the sucked-in ambient air U.

[0062] The amount of fresh air 20 per unit of time is determined depending on the air particle value L P the ambient air U is determined and set.

[0063] This can be done in the embodiment according to Fig. 2 with or without taking into account an occupancy-dependent state parameter value 40 of the interior space 2, such as the CCp concentration.

[0064] As an alternative to the CCp concentration, the occupancy-dependent state parameter value 40 of the interior space 2 can also be a number of people in the interior space 2.

[0065] If the procedure is carried out without taking into account an occupation-dependent state parameter value 40 (here the CO P - concentration) of the interior 2, the amount of fresh air 20 can be reduced. Such operation is possible, for example, when there are no people in the track-guided vehicle, such as on a "business trip", a trip to the depot, etc.

[0066] If the procedure is carried out taking into account an occupation-dependent state parameter value 40 (here the CO P - concentration) of the interior space 2, the occupancy-dependent state parameter value 40 (here the CCp concentration) of the interior space 2 is first determined.

[0067] The occupancy-dependent state parameter value 40 of the interior space 2 is continuously determined and compared with a predetermined target value or limit value 42 and, under the condition that the occupancy-dependent state parameter value 40 of the interior space 2 deviates from the predetermined target value 42, the amount of fresh air 20 fed into the interior space 2 per unit of time is adjusted.

[0068] If the setpoint 42 is not met, the amount of fresh air 20 supplied to the interior 2 per unit of time is increased. This is done in order to ensure that the setpoint 42 is met again.

[0069] If the setpoint 42 is maintained, the quantity of fresh air 20 fed into the interior 2 per unit of time is kept constant and / or reduced.

[0070] The fresh air quantity 20 per unit of time always corresponds to at least a specified minimum fresh air quantity 30 per unit of time.

[0071] It can be provided that the predetermined minimum fresh air quantity 30 per unit of time is determined as a function of the occupancy-dependent state parameter value 40.

[0072] The air particle value L P is determined continuously during the procedure.

[0073] When reducing the air particle value L Pf the amount of fresh air 20 fed into an interior 2 of the track-guided vehicle 1 per unit of time is increased if necessary.

[0074] If the air particle value L increases P , the quantity of fresh air 20 fed into an interior 2 of the track-guided vehicle 1 per unit of time is kept constant or reduced.

[0075] Furthermore, according to the invention, a computer program product is provided which is to be used in a computer of a ventilation system 10 or in a computer of a rail-guided vehicle 1 with such a ventilation system 1, wherein the computer program product, when executed, causes the computer to carry out the method for operating the ventilation system 10 described above with reference to Fig. 2.

[0076] Finally, a computer-readable recording medium on which the computer program product is recorded is provided. The computer program product, when executed in a ventilation system 10 for a rail-guided vehicle, in a computer of the ventilation system 10 for a rail-guided vehicle, or in a computer of the rail-guided vehicle 1 with such a ventilation system 10, is suitable for causing the method for operating the ventilation system 10 described above with reference to Fig. 2 to be carried out.

[0077] Furthermore, according to the invention, a digital twin of such a ventilation system 10 or of such a ventilation system 10 or of such a rail-guided vehicle 1 ...

[0078] Finally, it should be mentioned that the features of all the above-described embodiments can be combined with one another in any desired manner to form further alternative embodiments of the invention. Furthermore, all features of subclaims can be combined individually with any feature of any other claim, either individually or in any desired combination, to obtain further alternative embodiments.

[0079] Although the invention has been illustrated and described in detail by means of an embodiment, the invention is not limited by the disclosed examples and other variations can be derived therefrom by a person skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention.

[0080] Regardless of the grammatical gender of a particular term, persons with male, female or other gender identity are included.

Claims

Patent claims 1. A method for operating a ventilation system (10) of a track-guided vehicle (1), wherein the ventilation system (10) is used to adjust the amount of fresh air (20) fed into an interior space (2) of the track-guided vehicle (1) per unit of time, characterized in that an air particle value (L P ) of the ambient air (U) of the track-guided vehicle (1) is determined and the amount of fresh air (20) per unit of time is determined as a function of the air particle value (L P ) of the ambient air (U) is determined and adjusted.

2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the quantity of fresh air (20) per unit of time corresponds to at least a predetermined minimum quantity of fresh air (30) per unit of time.

3. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that an occupancy-dependent state parameter value (40) of the interior (2) is determined and the predetermined minimum fresh air quantity (30) per unit of time is determined as a function of the occupancy-dependent state parameter value (40).

4. Method according to claim 3, characterized in that the occupancy-dependent state parameter value (40) of the interior space (2) is a value of a CCp concentration in the interior space (2) and / or a number of persons in the interior space (2).

5. Method according to one of claims 3 or 4, characterized in that the occupancy-dependent state parameter value (40) of the interior space (2) is continuously determined and compared with a predetermined target value (42) and, under the condition that the occupancy-dependent state parameter value (40) of the interior space (2) deviates from the predetermined target value (42), the quantity of fresh air (20) fed into the interior space (2) per unit of time is adjusted.

6. Method according to claim 5, characterized in that - if the setpoint (42) is not met, the amount of fresh air (20) fed into the interior (2) per unit of time is increased and / or - when the setpoint (42) is maintained, the quantity of fresh air (20) fed into the interior (2) per unit of time is kept constant or reduced.

7. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the air particle value (L P ) is continuously determined and - when reducing the air particle value (L P) the amount of fresh air (20) fed into an interior (2) of the track-guided vehicle (1) per unit of time is increased and / or - if the air particle value increases (L P ) the quantity of fresh air (20) fed into an interior (2) of the track-guided vehicle (1) per unit of time is kept constant or reduced.

8. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the air particle value (L P ) is a measure of the amount of particles, such as sand and / or dust, in the ambient air (U).

9. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the air particle value (L P ) when the ambient air (U) is sucked into the ventilation system (10) in a suction area of the ventilation system (10) is determined by a measuring device (12), wherein the measuring device (12) determines the light transmittance of the ambient air (U) sucked in.

10. Ventilation system (10) for a track-guided vehicle (1), which is designed to convey ambient air (U) into the interior (2) of the track-guided vehicle (1), wherein the ventilation system (10) is designed such that the amount of fresh air (20) directed per unit of time into an interior (2) of the track-guided vehicle (1) is adjustable, characterized in that the ventilation system (10) is designed such that an air particle value (L P ) of the ambient air (U) of the track-guided vehicle can be determined and the fresh air quantity (20) per unit of time is determined as a function of the air particle value (L P ) of the ambient air (U) can be determined and adjusted.

11. Ventilation system (10) according to claim 10, characterized in that the ventilation system (10) has a measuring device (12) in a suction area of the ventilation system (10) which is used to determine the air particle value (L P) is formed by determining the light transmittance of the sucked-in ambient air (U).

12. Ventilation system (10) according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that it is designed such that it is designed to carry out the method according to one of claims 1 to 9.

13. A track-guided vehicle (1) comprising at least one ventilation system (10) according to one of claims 10 to 12.

14. A computer program product to be used in a computer of a ventilation system (10) for a track-guided vehicle (1) or in a computer of a track-guided vehicle (1) with such a ventilation system (1), wherein the computer program product, when executed, causes the computer to carry out a method for operating the ventilation system (10) according to one of claims 1 to 9.

15. Computer-readable recording medium on which a computer program product is recorded, characterized in that the computer program product, when executed in a ventilation system (10) for a rail-guided vehicle, is suitable for causing a method for operating the ventilation system (10) according to one of claims 1 to 9 to be carried out in a computer of a ventilation system (10) for a rail-guided vehicle or in a computer of the rail-guided vehicle (1) with such a ventilation system (1).

16. Digital twin of a ventilation system (10) according to one of claims 10 to 12 or of a track-guided vehicle according to claim 13, wherein the digital twin comprises a digitized image of a ventilation system (10) according to one of claims 10 to 12 or a digitized image of a track-guided vehicle according to claim 13.

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