Device for improving fuel combustion efficiency

Abstract

The present invention relates to a device (1) for improving fuel combustion efficiency, the device comprising a tank (2) with a KOH solution in distilled water mountable on a car, an electrolytic cell (3) arranged inside said tank (2) and fixed to a lower base (24) of said tank (2) through fixing means (35) and adapted to produce a gaseous mixture of hydrogen and oxygen by electrolytic decomposition of the distilled water present in said tank (2), said electrolytic cell (3) comprising electrical connection means adapted to connect said electrolytic cell (3) to an alternator of said car, said electrolytic cell (3) comprising a casing, said casing comprising a lower portion (31), an upper portion (32), lateral portions (36), at least one opening positioned on said upper portion (32) for the exit of said gaseous mixture and a plurality of electrolytic plates (34), said electrolytic plates (34) being arranged vertically and parallel to each other, thus defining a plurality of spaces (37), connections for supplying the gaseous mixture of hydrogen and oxygen, produced by said electrolytic cell (3), to an intake manifold of said car, characterised in that said electrolytic cell (3) comprises at least one hole (33) positioned on said lower portion (31) in each space (37) of said plurality of spaces (37) between said electrolytic plates (34).

Description

[0001] DEVICE FOR IMPROVING FUEL COMBUSTION EFFICIENCY

[0002] The present invention concerns a device for improving the efficiency of combustion of solid, liquid and gaseous fuels with the aim of improving the energy yield and environmental profile with a reduction or elimination of polluting products harmful to health.

[0003] In particular, the present invention relates to a device aimed at decarbonising all the abatement systems installed downstream of internal combustion engines and keeping the combustion chamber, valves and lubricant oil clean while maintaining the engine fully efficient.

[0004] The technological field of reference regards first of all the energy savings obtainable in the mechanical thermal conversion of internal combustion engines by increasing the conversion efficiency, thus substantially reducing all unburned materials with consequent cost savings due to the reduction in consumption, while maintaining the design performances unchanged.

[0005] From the above it follows that an element of great importance is the reduction of pollutants released into the atmosphere, which, besides being reduced in quantity, as in the case of CO2, are reduced until being almost totally eliminated, as in the case, for example, of CO, THC, PN and PM and NOx.

[0006] As is evident, this field has been greatly extended to involve the whole sector of thermomechanical conversion and the current very delicate sector of environmental pollution.

[0007] As is well known, at present thermomechanical conversion generally takes place through the combustion of fossil fuels. However, it is important to note that the combustion of fuels, irrespective of the physical state, can produce combustion gases which contribute to atmospheric pollution and to the emission of greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide. Therefore, the use of fuels and management of gas combustion emissions are important issues for environmental sustainability and adaptation to climate changes.

[0008] Thus, in the specific sector there exists a need for a device capable of improving the conversion efficiency and reducing and eliminating the polluting fractions currently released into the environment.

[0009] This need is satisfied by the device according to the present invention, which offers, moreover, further advantages that will become clear below. The solution according to the present invention fits into this context and aims to reduce consumption and thus to reduce CO2 and almost totally eliminate CO, THC, PN and PM particulate and the like and NOx.

[0010] The aim of the present invention is thus to provide a device that makes it possible to overcome the limits of the devices according to the prior art and to obtain the previously described technical results.

[0011] In relation to the automotive industry and the sector of thermal-mechanical energy conversion, the aim of the present invention is to obtain a large improvement in conversion efficiency applied to easy-to-install, easy-to use low-cost alternative motors. The aforesaid improvement in efficiency must produce - in addition to an increase in performance by converting unburned materials into kinetic force, and thus lower consumption - a reduction in harmful and polluting emissions.

[0012] Furthermore, the device according to the present invention enables the described aims to be achieved without relying on any substantial / design modification and without compromising in any way the intrinsic safety currently reached with the operating modes and characteristics of the engines available today.

[0013] Moreover, the aim of the present invention is to obtain the improvement in efficiency at reduced costs with the application, also by retrofitting, on a car or vehicle in circulation for the purpose of carrying out corrective interventions in a non- invasive and economical manner.

[0014] In fact, a further aim of the invention is that said device can be produced at substantially moderate costs, both as regards the production costs and as far as the management costs are concerned.

[0015] Yet a further aim of the invention is to propose a device that is simple, safe and reliable.

[0016] Moreover, one aim of the invention is to reduce the maintenance costs and costs of disposal of current purification systems rendered unusable due to clogging (catalytic converter, reducing converter, particulate filter, EGR valve) by keeping them fully efficient as a result of their total decarbonisation.

[0017] In particular, the device according to the present invention makes it possible to improve combustion in the combustion chamber without structural modifications to the engines, with accessories that are simple to install, reliable and low cost, while also obtaining a considerable improvement in atmospheric emissions, as the improvement in efficiency leads to a reduction in consumption, a reduction in unburned particulate matter, a reduction in the oxides connected to the hydrocarbons used, also in percentage terms, as well as a reduction in maintenance costs.

[0018] The device according to the present invention allows for introducing into the combustion chamber, via the intake pipes, the hydrogen and oxygen obtained on board through electrolytic decomposition of distilled water using the electricity already produced on board (for example by the alternator) for other purposes.

[0019] The effect that is obtained is to render the combustion in the combustion chamber more uniform and regular; combustion is rendered homogeneous by the very rapid diffusion of hydrogen, which is characterised by a very high molecular root-mean square velocity, the highest among existing gases.

[0020] The combustion of hydrocarbons in the combustion chamber is stabilised by the participation of hydrogen in all points, thus obtaining:

[0021] - a more complete and uniform combustion;

[0022] - lower consumption with the same power delivered;

[0023] - lower emission of particulate pollutants;

[0024] - lower emission of gaseous pollutants;

[0025] - decarbonisation of all reduction and abatement systems downstream of internal combustion engines, in addition to the combustion chamber and lubricant oil;

[0026] - improvement in the efficiency of all valves and detection sensors and engine management.

[0027] The equipment used consists of a kit that can be mounted on a car, also as a retrofit, comprising a small AISI 316L steel tank with a KOH solution in distilled water, immersed in which there is a specific high-efficiency electrolytic cell connected to the alternator and the connections for supplying the hydrogen and oxygen gases to the intake manifold.

[0028] In the multiple tests performed, the following results were obtained:

[0029] - 15-50% reduction in the petrol or diesel consumption in relation to the engines used;

[0030] - proportional reduction in the emission of carbon dioxide (CO2) into the atmosphere;

[0031] - major reduction in the emission of carbon monoxide (CO) into the atmosphere; - major reduction in the emission of THC, NOx gaseous pollutants into the atmosphere;

[0032] - reduction in PN and PM particulate emissions and the like into the atmosphere;

[0033] - decarbonisation and thus a total cleaning of the reduction and abatement systems downstream of engines and valves and sensors for detecting combustion gases for the optimisation of all phases thereof and management of the cycles thereof, thus enhancing performance permanently while stably maintaining the right stoichiometric calibration.

[0034] For implementation purposes, the device presented comprises means for electrically connecting to the engine system in order to use the alternator already installed, obviously always using it below the limits of the available power, also taking into account, however, other existing services.

[0035] Furthermore, the device comprises an encapsulated immersion electrolytic cell, adapted to be supplied with the on-board current (12, 24 or 48 V) based on the vehicle or engine to which it is connected.

[0036] Moreover, the device comprises a gas-liquid separator which prevents the liquid from entering into the circuit and leading to distortions in operation.

[0037] Furthermore, the device comprises connections between the electrolytic cell, by means of supply lines, and the intake manifold of the vehicle’s engine in order to introduce, in the right proportions with the fuel, the oxygen and hydrogen gas used to stabilise and improve the efficiency of combustion in the combustion chamber.

[0038] Moreover, the device comprises a control unit for managing the entire supplemental apparatus, managed by a microprocessor with dedicated proprietary software, in particular with regard to the PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) that optimises the electrolytic splitting of the water molecule into oxygen and hydrogen on the electrodes so as to avoid their tendency towards polarisation with the creation of an insulating gaseous sheath on the electrolytic plates. The gaseous sheath and the consequent increase in the resistance of the production circuit, with an increase also in the resistance of the generating electrical circuit, bring about a deterioration in the cell’s functionality, so avoiding the polarisation of the cell itself is of fundamental importance for the regular operation of the device. The PWM profile is produced in such a way as to be adapted to the load applied to the engine as a function of the air flow rate as measured by the supply pressure on the engine, with possible detection of the exhaust gas characteristics by means of lambda sensors. Every 10 ignitions, the PWM managed with the microprocessor also brings about a reversal of polarity on the cell electrodes to prevent the formation of insulating gaseous sheaths that would reduce the appropriate conductivity of the cell.

[0039] The possible advantages are numerous and of great importance in terms of application; in fact, it is possible to reduce vehicle consumption to a major degree, with consequent savings. Moreover, following multiple tests, a reduction in the emissions of CO2, CO, THC, NOx was observed with a simplification and maximum efficiency of emission treatments, so it appears reasonable to consider a possible reduction in structural terms of the oxidising catalytic component, a decrease in the emission of unburned substances with a reduction of the anti-particulate filter, and a simplification of the reducing treatment with urea relying only on DeNOx, also in the case of larger engines.

[0040] Among other things, the system makes it possible to correct, through retrofitting, any occasional or structural deficiencies of some products by means of simple car recall interventions, with the elimination of disputes.

[0041] The functional purpose of the device according to the present invention is the one described and required for improving the combustion of fossil fuels in every aspect thereof, so it will have an influence on conversion phenomena and on the whole spectrum of production and consequent emission of harmful substances into the environment.

[0042] The importance of the device according to the present invention is great, as it is possible to apply it to pre-existing cases by retrofitting and to future cases with very modest invasiveness and with affordable costs, making it possible to take on major interventions, also gradually; see the automobile industry, with possible recalls.

[0043] It should also be considered that the installation of the device significantly and stably improves the reliability of the mechanical components of the internal combustion engine.

[0044] Another parameter of great relevance consists in the fact that the application of the device permanently maintains in full efficiency the anti-pollution systems installed downstream of combustion, such as, for example, catalysers and antiparticulate filters, while nearly totally eliminating the use of urea or at least limiting it only to DeNOx. A relevant feature, from an application viewpoint, is that the device consists of an electrically and hydraulically connected independent main block offering considerable flexibility in terms of layout, so it is sufficiently simple to carry out a corrective retrofit as is necessary, for example, in the case of cars already in circulation but not compliant with standards.

[0045] The improvement in efficiency is obtained by introducing into the combustion process pure oxygen and hydrogen in gaseous form obtained by electrolytic means through the high productive efficiency cell installed in the vehicle and / or internal combustion engine.

[0046] Said improvement in efficiency specifically regards, as an indication formulated for non-limiting illustrative purposes, the combustion that takes place in heat engines and in other civil and industrial applications that use combustion for any purpose. The excellent optimisation of combustion and, therefore, the improvement in the efficiency thereof, is achieved by mixing the supplemental fuel / comburent in the percentage amount required to optimise the combustion of the engine. The aforesaid supplemental fuel / comburent, which is gaseous, is produced directly on the vehicle or on stationary engines by the electrolysis of KOH aqueous solutions with the production of oxygen and hydrogen as a supplemental fuel / comburent using sources produced by the vehicle or engine itself, thus simplifying the operation of the whole and the interfacings thereof with any adjacent systems, taking duly into account the low electrical power required.

[0047] The combustion of the basic fuel / comburent mixture (diesel, petrol, LPG) plus the supplemental fuel / comburent (HHO) determines an improvement in the combustion efficiency of the mixture with an improvement in the thermal output and a reduction in the substances resulting from combustion to be released into the environment, as said substances are oxidised and in any case reduced also due to the reduction in consumption resulting from the improved efficiency.

[0048] The electrolysis is carried out in proximity to the combustion site and also, if applicable, on mobile platforms or vehicles so as to be integrated into the devices using the basic fuel / comburent.

[0049] Obviously, the resulting whole consisting of the user of the basic fuel and the device for producing and delivering the supplemental fuel / comburent is an autonomous system activated by specific energy sources of negligible power and generally present on board. The generation of the alternative fuel / comburent to be integrated in small amounts with the basic fuel / comburent takes place by subjecting a KOH solution to electrolysis in distilled water, with the production of the supplemental fuel (oxygen and hydrogen in the case illustrated) mixed in gaseous form.

[0050] The electrolytic cell is placed in proximity to the user of the basic fuel and is supplied from electricity sources in the vehicle to increase the functional autonomy of the device.

[0051] Therefore, a specific object of the present invention is a device for improving fuel combustion efficiency, comprising a tank with a KOH solution in distilled water mountable on a car, an electrolytic cell arranged inside said tank and fixed to a lower base of said tank through fixing means and adapted to produce a gaseous mixture of hydrogen and oxygen by electrolytic decomposition of the distilled water present in said tank, said electrolytic cell comprising electrical connection means adapted to connect said electrolytic cell to an alternator of said car, said electrolytic cell comprising a casing, said casing comprising a lower portion, an upper portion, lateral portions, at least one opening positioned on said upper portion for the exit of said gaseous mixture and a plurality of electrolytic plates, said electrolytic plates being arranged vertically and parallel to each other, thus defining a plurality of spaces, connections for supplying the gaseous mixture of hydrogen and oxygen produced by said electrolytic cell to an intake manifold of said car, characterised in that said electrolytic cell comprises at least one hole positioned on said lower portion in each space of said plurality of spaces between said electrolytic plates.

[0052] According to the invention, said at least one hole can be a helical hole.

[0053] In particular, according to the invention, said lower portion can comprise at least three holes in each space.

[0054] Again according to the invention, said electrolytic plates can have a thickness ranging between 0.8 mm and 1.3 mm.

[0055] In particular, according to the invention, said fixing means can be at least three pins adapted to anchor said electrolytic cell inside said tank.

[0056] Furthermore, according to the invention, said at least three pins can be electrical connection means adapted to transfer the electricity necessary for electrolysis. Moreover, according to the invention, said device can further comprise a PWM control unit adapted to manage the production of oxyhydrogen in a modulated manner according to the needs of the engine.

[0057] Again according to the invention, said at least one hole can have a diameter ranging from 3 mm to 5 mm.

[0058] In particular, according to the invention, said tank can have a diameter ranging between 114 mm and 119 mm and a height ranging between 250 mm and 300 mm, or a diameter ranging between 119 mm and 129 mm and a height ranging between 300 mm and 400 mm or a diameter ranging between 129 mm and 149 mm and a height ranging between 400 mm and 500 mm.

[0059] Moreover, according to the invention, said plurality of electrolytic plates comprises a number of electrolytic plates equal to a multiple of seven or of thirteen.

[0060] For exclusively descriptive, non-limiting purposes, an illustrative application will be discussed below.

[0061] The application described for solely illustrative, non-limiting purposes regards the aforesaid device integrated into a vehicle powered by diesel, petrol or another liquid and / or gaseous fuel.

[0062] In order to be supplied with electricity the device is connected to the electrical system of the vehicle into which it is integrated, whereas the gaseous products generated are introduced for mixing in the combustion chamber or mixed with the basic fuel.

[0063] The combustion of the mixture consisting of the basic fuel / comburent and the supplemental fuel / comburent brings about an improvement in combustion efficiency with a major improvement of the thermal output and a reduction in the resulting substances to be released into the environment.

[0064] The facilitation of combustion produced by the oxygen and hydrogen produced in the device gives rise to a completion effect with the elimination of CO, THC and particulate and a reduction in NOx that, together with a reduction in the consumption of the basic fuel, which ranges from 15 to 50%, results in a consequent considerable reduction in CO2 emissions.

[0065] These results can in some cases enable the elimination of catalytic converters, anti-particulate filters, and EGR and the use of DeNOx alone, also in larger engines, with the elimination of treatment with urea.

[0066] There is also a significant decrease in the overall dimensions required for the exhaust gas reduction treatment or even the elimination of the treatment itself, allowing for a further decrease in CO2 due to the major reduction in vehicle weight with such systems installed downstream of the engine.

[0067] Furthermore, said device has a 20-25% higher oxyhydrogen (HHO) production efficiency than conventional electrolytic cells using the same amperage.

[0068] Everything described above clearly means considerable cost savings and lighter weights and a very significant reduction in the environmental impact.

[0069] The present invention will now be described, by way of non-limiting illustration, according to a preferred embodiment thereof, with particular reference to the figures in the appended drawings, in which:

[0070] - figure 1 a shows a perspective view of a tank of the device according to the present invention,

[0071] - figure 1 b shows a front view of the tank in figure 1 ,

[0072] - figure 1 c shows a sectional view of the tank in figure 1 ,

[0073] - figure 2a shows a perspective view of an electrolytic cell of the device according to the present invention,

[0074] - figure 2b shows a sectional view of the electrolytic cell in figure 2a,

[0075] - figure 2c shows a front view of the lower portion of the electrolytic cell in figure 2a,

[0076] - figure 2d shows a side view of the electrolytic cell in figure 2a,

[0077] - figure 3a shows a perspective view of the upper portion of the electrolytic cell in figure 2a, and

[0078] - figure 3b shows a perspective view of a lateral portion of the electrolytic cell in figure 2a.

[0079] Making reference to the figures, 1 indicates a device for improving the efficiency of combustion of solid, liquid and gaseous fuels.

[0080] Said device 1 being mountable on a car.

[0081] Said device 1 comprises a tank 2 with a KOH solution in distilled water and an electrolytic cell 3 arranged inside said tank 2.

[0082] Preferably, said tank 2 is a cylindrical tank made of INOX AISI 316L steel. Even more preferably, said tank can have diameter ranging between 114 mm and 119 mm and a height ranging between 250 mm and 300 mm, or a diameter of between 119 mm and 129 mm and a height of between 300 mm and 400 mm or a diameter of between 129 mm and 149 mm and a height of between 400 mm and 500 mm. Furthermore, said tank 2 comprises a lid 21. Making reference to the embodiment shown in figures 1 a-1 c said lid 21 is concave. Furthermore, said lid 21 comprises an opening (90-degree outlet) for the discharge of the oxyhydrogen HHO gas.

[0083] Moreover, said tank 2 comprises an indicator 22 of the level of demineralised water. Making reference to the embodiment shown in figures 1 a-1 c, said indicator 22 is positioned on one side of said tank 2.

[0084] In one embodiment, not shown, said tank 2 comprises an electronic sensor adapted to transmit the minimum level of water to the driver of the car.

[0085] Furthermore, said tank 2 exploits the principle of communicating vessels, in order that the distilled water introduced never exceeds the determined safety limit. In fact, to prevent the distilled water introduced into the tank 2 from being able to spill out together with the oxyhydrogen (HHO) gas produced inside the bubbler, a separator 26, i.e. a horizontal partition with an anti-floating function, is placed between the upper concave part and the terminal part of the cylinder.

[0086] Moreover, said tank 2 comprises a cap 25. Preferably said cap 25 has a % thread and comprises a gasket and a safety valve set at 1 .6 bar.

[0087] Furthermore, said tank 1 comprises a hole 23, positioned on a lower base 24 of said tank 2, said hole 23 being adapted to allow the drainage of the KOH solution in distilled water during routine maintenance. In particular, said hole 23 is adapted to be connected to a water supply system with a 10 mm diameter quick connector.

[0088] In particular, said electrolytic cell 3 is connected to an alternator of said car through electrical connection means.

[0089] Furthermore, said electrolytic cell 3 is adapted to be supplied with the onboard current (12, 24 or 48V) based on the car or engine to which it is connected.

[0090] Said electrolytic cell 3 comprises a casing. In particular, said casing comprises a lower portion 31 , an upper portion 32, lateral portions 36 and an opening positioned on said upper portion 32 for the exit of said gaseous mixture.

[0091] Making reference to figure 2a, said casing has the shape of a parallelepiped.

[0092] Furthermore, said electrolytic cell 3 comprises a plurality of electrolytic plates 34, arranged vertically and parallel to each other, thus defining a plurality of spaces 37 adapted to be filled by said solution.

[0093] In particular, each electrolytic plate 34 of said plurality of electrolytic plates 34 is a smooth electrolytic plate. Alternatively, each electrolytic plate 34 of said plurality of electrolytic plates 34 can be a corrugated electrolytic plate or have a pleated form, so as to increase the usable electrolytic surface.

[0094] Making reference to the embodiment shown in figure 2b, said electrolytic cell 3 comprises thirteen electrolytic plates 34. In some embodiments, not shown, said electrolytic cell 3 comprises seven electrolytic plates 34 or a number of electrolytic plates 34 equal to a multiple of seven or a multiple of thirteen, so as to obtain electrolytic cells operating at 12, 24 or 48V. Moreover, said electrolytic plates 34 can be active or neutral.

[0095] In the embodiment shown in figure 2b, each electrolytic plate 34 is inserted into a groove of the lower portion 31 .

[0096] Preferably, said electrolytic plates 34 are made of a high-conductivity material resistant to corrosion by KOH, such as, for example, AISI 316L, AISI 316TI or Titanium Grade 2, whereas said casing is made of Moplen.

[0097] Furthermore, said electrolytic plates 34 preferably have a thickness ranging between 0.8 mm and 1 .3 mm.

[0098] Moreover, said electrolytic plates 34 are adapted to allow the electrolytic cell 3 work at either 12V or 24V or at 48V by means of a change in the electrical connection. In particular, the electrical connections are assured by 10 mm cables with safety shutoffs via a 40A thermal-magnetic breaker, also with manual reset.

[0099] In addition, said electrolytic cell 3 can be produced by extrusion or completely milled in all its parts and welded and / or screwed with stainless steel screws on all six sides.

[0100] Furthermore, said electrolytic cell 3 comprises fixing means 35 for fixing said electrolytic cell 3 to the lower base 24 of said tank 2.

[0101] In particular, making reference to the embodiment shown in figure 2a, said fixing means 35 comprise, in said lower portion 31 , at least three pins 35 adapted to anchor the electrolytic cell 3 inside said tank 2 and to transfer the electricity necessary for electrolysis into the electrolytic cell 3. In particular, said pins 35 can have a length of between 6 mm and 8 mm. Furthermore, said pins 35 are insulated internally and externally by Teflon bushings secured by rubber rings, for example O-rings, for an absolutely secure seal.

[0102] In one embodiment, not shown, said at least three pins 35 are arranged in an upper portion 32 of said electrolytic cell 3.

[0103] Furthermore, from said high-efficiency electrolytic cell 3, the oxyhydrogen (HHO) gas is produced and conveyed in order to be transferred to a water bubble filter of the car, to filter it from any impurities before allowing it to enter the engine intake pipe.

[0104] Furthermore, said electrolytic cell 3 comprises at least one hole 33 positioned on said lower portion 31 , in a respective space 37 of said plurality of spaces 37 between said electrolytic plates 34. Said holes 33 are adapted to induce the formation of vortexes of the KOH solution in distilled water so as to totally wash over said electrolytic plates 34. Preferably, said holes 33 are helical holes. In particular, said holes 33 can have a diameter ranging from 3 mm to 5 mm.

[0105] Moreover, said electrolytic cell 3 is adapted to be connected to an alternator and to connections for supplying the hydrogen and oxygen gas to the intake manifold of a car. In particular, the device allows for introducing into the combustion chamber, via the intake pipes, the hydrogen and oxygen produced by said electrolytic cell 3 through electrolytic decomposition of the distilled water present in said tank 2 and using electricity already produced in the car, in particular by said alternator.

[0106] The control of the device and in particular the electronic management of the electrolytic cell 3 in the dynamic production of oxyhydrogen (HHO) is carried out by a Pulse Width Modulation control unit or PWM control unit.

[0107] The PWM control unit is the electronic element for the modulated management of oxyhydrogen (HHO) production according to the needs of the engine. Consequently, depending on the number of revolutions, with a minimum absorption of 5A at the minimum capacity up to an absorption of 30.5A at the maximum production capacity, customisable for every type of engine.

[0108] The absorption of the PWM control unit is only a function of the load, i.e. if the vehicle were going downhill with the accelerator released at a certain rpm and at any speed, the production of oxyhydrogen (HHO) would be only 5A or zero since the injectors would be closed.

[0109] The PWM control unit further has a device called a polarity reverser (timed every twenty-five ignitions) which prevents the oxidising particles harmful to electrolysis from depositing on the plates permanently, thereby considerably limiting the passage of current and thus a correct electrolysis.

[0110] In addition to this, the same PWM control unit can optionally have a Wi- Fi / Bluetooth device to transmit the necessary data to the driver inside the vehicle by means of an 8x4cm synoptic panel.

[0111] Making reference to one embodiment, not shown, said PWM control unit is provided with a watertight case made of plastic material, with an impermeability rating of IP68, which enables its installation in areas of the vehicle with harsh conditions or on internal combustion engines.

[0112] Two MOSFETS can be inserted inside the PWM control unit to maintain constant temperatures also suitable for amperages over a long period, for example more than 12 straight hours.

[0113] Moreover, a cut-off relay can be inserted inside the PWM control unit should there be any malfunctions.

[0114] Furthermore, the PWM control unit can be internally equipped with a gyroscope sensor which makes it possible, only when the production of oxyhydrogen (HHO) is at a maximum, up to a maximum of one minute, when the uphills exceed 4°, to activate a 30% over-boost of oxyhydrogen (HHO) production.

[0115] The algorithmic software developed both on the basis of the various sensors placed inside the PWM control unit, and by means of the knock sensors, instantly transfers the dynamic current necessary for the electrolytic cell in order to produce oxyhydrogen (HHO). In particular, said knock sensors are capable of acquiring the variation in the number of revolutions of the engine. Therefore, the algorithmic software processes the data from the knock sensors and the PWM control unit is capable of increasing or decreasing the production of hydrogen for the instantaneous requirements of the engine.

[0116] Furthermore, said software can be programmed in a customised manner according to the various types of engines to which the device for the production of oxyhydrogen (HHO) is connected.

[0117] The present invention has been described by way of non-limiting illustration according to preferred embodiments thereof, but it is to be understood that variations and / or modifications can be introduced by the person skilled in the art without going outside the relevant scope of protection as defined in the appended claims.

Claims

CLAIMS1 ) A device (1 ), mountable on a car, for improving fuel combustion efficiency, the device comprising a tank (2) with a KOH solution in distilled water, an electrolytic cell (3) arranged inside said tank (2) and fixed to a lower base (24) of said tank (2) through fixing means (35) and adapted to produce a gaseous mixture of hydrogen and oxygen by electrolytic decomposition of the distilled water present in said tank (2), said electrolytic cell (3) comprising electrical connection means adapted to connect said electrolytic cell (3) to an alternator of said car, said electrolytic cell (3) comprising a casing, said casing comprising a lower portion (31 ), an upper portion (32), lateral portions (36), at least one opening positioned on said upper portion (32) for the exit of said gaseous mixture of hydrogen and oxygen and a plurality of electrolytic plates (34), said electrolytic plates (34) being arranged vertically and parallel to each other, thus defining a plurality of spaces (37), connections for supplying the gaseous mixture of hydrogen and oxygen, produced by said electrolytic cell (3), to an intake manifold of said car, the device being characterised in that said electrolytic cell (3) comprises at least one hole (33) positioned on said lower portion (31 ) in each space (37) of said plurality of spaces (37) between said electrolytic plates (34).2) The device (1 ) according to the preceding claim, characterised in that said at least one hole (33) is a helical hole.3) The device (1 ) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that said lower portion (31 ) comprises at least three holes (33) in each space (37).4) The device (1 ) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that said electrolytic plates (34) have a thickness ranging between 0.8 mm and 1.3 mm.5) The device (1 ) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that said fixing means (35) are at least three pins (35) adapted to anchor said electrolytic cell (3) inside said tank (2).6) The device (1 ) according to the preceding claim, characterised in that said at least three pins (35) are electrical connection means adapted to transfer the electricity necessary for electrolysis.7) The device (1 ) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterisedin that it further comprises a PWM control unit adapted to manage the production of oxyhydrogen in a modulated manner according to the needs of the engine.8) The device (1 ) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that said at least one hole (33) has a diameter ranging from 3 mm to 5 mm.9) The device (1 ) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that said tank (2) has a diameter ranging between 114 mm and 119 mm and a height ranging between 250 mm and 300 mm, or a diameter ranging between 119 mm and 129 mm and a height ranging between 300 mm and 400 mm or a diameter ranging between 129 mm and 149 mm and a height ranging between 400 mm and 500 mm.10) The device (1 ) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that said plurality of electrolytic plates (34) comprises a number of electrolytic plates (34) equal to a multiple of seven or of thirteen.

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