Film for forming a board material, and board material
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- EP · EP
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- PROFOL KUNSTE
- Filing Date
- 2024-08-16
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-24
Smart Images
Figure EP2024073080_20022025_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
[0001] FILM FOR FORMING A SHEET MATERIAL AND SHEET MATERIAL
[0002] Technical area
[0003] The present invention relates to a film for forming a panel material by applying the film to a substrate, in particular made of a material that is rigid compared to the film. The invention further relates to such a panel material, in particular a floor element.
[0004] Technological background
[0005] Panel materials are widely used as building, furnishing, decorative, and construction materials. Such panel materials are often provided in the form of so-called laminates, in which a laminate layer covers a substrate. The laminate layer provides the desired appearance and properties of the surface, with the substrate providing the mechanical stability. This allows the surface requirements to be separated from the mechanical requirements, resulting in numerous advantages in terms of efficiency, cost, weight, etc.
[0006] The requirements for the surface of such panel material include not only optical requirements with regard to the desired optical and visual impression, but also haptic properties and, in particular, abrasion resistance and durability. The former properties should not only include tactile properties, but also the general properties of the surface structure. The latter properties generally relate to the abrasion caused by the use of the panel material, for example, the abrasion caused by the use of the panel material, particularly in the form of or as part of a floor.
[0007] The aforementioned objectives cannot always be achieved all together to a satisfactory degree. In particular, providing high-quality patterns with satisfactory resistance and acceptable production costs is often a challenge. It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a film for forming a panel material by applying the film to a substrate, which combines high-quality decoration with high abrasion resistance and cost-effective production. It is further an object of the present invention to provide a corresponding panel material, in particular in the form of a floor element.
[0008] Summary
[0009] The stated objects are achieved by a film for forming a sheet material by applying the film to a substrate according to claim 1 and a sheet material according to claim 16. Further advantageous embodiments of the present invention are specified in the dependent claims.
[0010] Accordingly, a film is provided for forming a sheet material by applying the film to a substrate, the film comprising a decorative layer group comprising a bonding layer which is bonded to the substrate to form the sheet material, a decorative base layer on the bonding layer, a decorative carrier layer on the decorative base layer, and a decorative layer on the decorative carrier layer; a wear protection group on the decorative layer of the decorative layer group, comprising a further bonding layer on the decorative layer, a transparent base layer on the further bonding layer, and an embossed surface layer on the transparent base layer; and a lacquer layer on the embossed surface layer of the wear protection group.
[0011] Furthermore, a plate material is provided which comprises a film according to one of the embodiments described here, as well as a substrate made of a material with a greater rigidity than the film.
[0012] Short description of the drawings
[0013] Embodiments of the present invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the following figures. The corresponding illustration serves merely to better understand the teaching of the invention and the associated advantages, but should not be construed as limiting in any way. They show:
[0014] Figure 1 schematically shows the basic structure of a film according to an embodiment of the present invention; and
[0015] Figures 2A & 2B schematically show the basic structure of a plate material with a film according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0016] Detailed description
[0017] Figure 1 schematically shows the basic structure of a film according to an embodiment of the present invention, in particular a film 1 for forming a sheet material by applying the film to a substrate. The film 1 comprises a decorative layer group 10, which in turn comprises a connecting layer 110, a decorative base layer 120 and a decorative layer 130. The connecting layer 110 is connected to a substrate to form sheet material and can partially, preferably completely, comprise a polypropylene (PP) block copolymer, random copolymer, terpolymer or elastomer.
[0018] The outer surface 111 of the connecting layer 110 of the decorative layer group 10 can be polarized, radicalized, and / or corona pretreated. With the correct selection of the polymer for the connecting layer 110, good durability of the pretreatment and good wettability with a primer or adhesive system that may be used later can be achieved. In general, the connecting layer 110 provides good bondability and good thermal laminability. The latter lamination usually comprises melting the contact surface to a hot substrate, e.g. a polypropylene or PP plate, in order to achieve thermal fusion of the two contact surfaces.
[0019] The starting materials used for the connecting layer 110 are preferably PP block copolymers, random copolymers, terpolymers or elastomers for good durability of the corona pretreatment and good wettability with a primer as well as good bondability in general, PP homopolymers and blends of the PP polymer types mentioned for the desired rigidity and material stability in general, one or more UV stabilizers in order to at least be prepared against UV exposure in the interior and to prevent yellowing and embrittlement, and / or an anti-blocking additive in order to avoid blocking when winding up, storing and processing the film 1.
[0020] The decorative base layer 120 of the decorative layer group 10 is arranged on the connecting layer 110. The decorative base layer 120 can at least partially comprise a polyolefin-based plastic, preferably polypropylene. The decorative base layer 120 can also comprise a coloring component 121. In particular, a polypropylene mixture of block copolymer for toughness and homopolymer and fillers such as talc and / or chalk for rigidity and thermal stability in the printing process can be used as the starting material. Furthermore, additives such as UV stabilizers with a color component such as titanium dioxide can be used. In general, this layer should have both good satinability (e.g. by mechanically smoothing the film for optimal printability in the film production process) and satisfactory mechanical resilience during printing, includingprovide sufficient resistance in connection with thermal stress during drying of the printing inks and the web tension.
[0021] The decorative layer group 10 further comprises a decorative carrier layer 130 on the decorative base layer 120. The decorative carrier layer 130 can at least partially, preferably completely, comprise a block copolymer and / or PP homopolymer as well as one or more UV stabilizers. In general, good satinability, a smooth surface and good printability should be provided. A block copolymer can be used as a starting material for good durability of the corona pretreatment and thus good wettability during printing. Furthermore, good embossability, satinization and smoothing of the surface for printability can be achieved in this way.Furthermore, PP homopolymer can be used for the desired stiffness and material stability in general, and / or one or more UV stabilizers to at least be prepared against UV exposure in the interior and to prevent yellowing and embrittlement, and / or an anti-blocking additive to prevent blocking during winding, storage and processing of the film 1.
[0022] The decorative layer group 10 further comprises a decorative layer 140 on the decorative carrier layer 130. The decorative layer 140 does not have to be present as a continuous layer but merely designates a decoration on the decorative carrier layer 130 in the form of a decoration or a print, i.e. a layer or an area in which a color or color pigments are arranged at least partially. In particular, the decorative layer 140 can consist of a printed area of the decorative carrier layer 130. The decorative layer 140 can comprise a dye in a casein-, polyurethane-, or acrylic-based binder and can be formed as a water- and / or organic solvent-based color system in common printing processes such as gravure printing or digital printing.
[0023] In general, the decorative layer group 10 described above can be manufactured as a component, which can also simplify printability, i.e. the formation of the decoration or the decorative layer, particularly during production. Since the partial layers 110, 120 and 130 of the decorative layer group 10 can each be extruded or cast layers, their production differs from the formation of the decoration. While the partial layers 110, 120 and 130 of the decorative layer group 10 are usually produced in a co-extrusion rolling stand, printing can be carried out using other devices optimized for printing. Thus, the structure of the film 1 according to the invention can make it possible to produce the decorative layer group 10, then print it in a separate device to form the decorative layer 140, and then combine it with the other components of the film.
[0024] The film 1 further comprises a wear protection group 20 on the decorative layer 140 of the decorative layer group 10. The wear protection group 20 comprises a further connecting layer 210 on the decorative layer 140, a transparent base layer 220 on the further connecting layer 210, and an embossed surface layer 230 on the transparent base layer 220. In general, however, the embossing can be present not only in the layer 230, but also in the transparent base layer 220 and other layers.
[0025] The further connecting layer 210 of the wear protection group 20 can comprise a thermoplastic elastomer, a polyolefin-based plastic, polypropylene and / or polyethylene. The further connecting layer 210 can further comprise an adhesion promoter (HV), preferably maleic anhydride-grafted polypropylene or polyethylene. In general, the connecting layer 210 can provide a connection between the wear protection group 20 and the printed decorative layer group 10 with good adhesion, durability, and temperature resistance. As starting materials, for example, maleic anhydride (MSA, MAH)-grafted elastomers, polypropylene (PP), and / or polyethylene (PE) can be used.In particular, maleic anhydride can form a chemical bond with the binder of the printing ink as part of the decorative layer 140 of the decorative layer group 10, thus achieving permanent adhesion between the wear protection group 20 and the decorative layer group 10. Furthermore, the surface energy of the bonding layer 210 can be increased, which additionally leads to physical adhesion.
[0026] Although an elastomer on its own can also achieve a certain level of adhesion, the higher the amount of MAH, the better the adhesion. The carrier material, the method by which the MAH is grafted on and how much MAH is "available" for reaction are also crucial factors. MAH adhesion promoter can be mixed, as in this case, if it is available as a concentrate or it can be used 100%. Process parameters such as processing temperature and pressure in the roll nip in which the wear protection group 20 and decorative layer group 10 are bonded, as well as subsequent conditioning at temperatures above room temperature, also influence the subsequent adhesion. The adhesion partner "printing ink" also influences adhesion. In this case, a PU binder is clearly superior to a casein binder.
[0027] The wear protection group 20 further comprises a transparent base layer 220 on the further connecting layer 210. The transparent base layer 220 of the wear protection group 20 is formed on the further connecting layer 210. The transparent base layer 220 can at least partially, preferably completely, comprise a random copolymer. In general, this layer has good embossability with various structures such as, for example, wood or stone patterns, good properties against abrasion, and good transparency to the decorative layer group 10. In particular, the decorative image of the decorative layer 140 is thus clearly visible, which is particularly beneficial to the visual impression of the film 1.The starting materials used here can be a PP random copolymer, a PP homopolymer, a block copolymer or mixtures thereof for good embossability and transparency, an elastomer to further increase embossability, a combination batch of a UV stabilizer and a UV absorber to protect the film 1 itself from yellowing and embrittlement, as well as to protect the printed image under the film, i.e. essentially the decorative layer 140 of the decorative layer group 10 from UV radiation (UV absorber).
[0028] The wear protection group 20 further comprises a surface layer 230 on the transparent base layer 220. The transparent base layer 220 can be softer than the surface layer 230 and preferably comprise an elastomer. The transparent base layer 220 can also comprise an elastomer, and both layers 230 and 220 are embossed (together). The surface layer 230 can furthermore have an embossing of different structure and depth, the edges of which have a diffraction radius of at least 10 pm (see radius "R" in the inset to Figure 1). This advantageously allows a contour-accurate coating with a lacquer to be carried out. In general, this makes it possible to achieve good embossability with various structures, such as wood or stone patterns, good paintability, and high abrasion resistance.The starting materials used can be a block copolymer for good durability of a corona pretreatment and thus good paintability, as well as advantages when embossing the surface, an elastomer to improve the embossing of the surface with this soft raw material, one or more UV stabilizers to be equipped at least for the UV exposure in indoor areas and to prevent yellowing and embrittlement, as well as an antiblock to avoid blocking during winding.
[0029] The film 1 further comprises a lacquer layer 30 on the embossed surface layer 230 of the wear protection group 20. Preferably, the lacquer layer 30 comprises one or more layers of an excimer lacquer. Such a coating with a UV lacquer can provide scratch resistance, a matte appearance, and resistance to chemicals. Preferably, the lacquer layer 30 is applied with an application quantity of > 10 g / m 2The special excimer curing process for the lacquer layer 30 results in folding of the lacquer surface before curing. This folding produces a particularly matte surface.
[0030] In general, the film 1 may further comprise a primer layer on the connecting layer of the decorative layer group. This primer may comprise a polyurethane (PU) dispersion with silicic acid in order to improve the bondability with adhesive systems to various carrier substrates such as white wood materials or linoleum. The application quantity may be in a range of 2 to 10 g / m 2 in a dried state.
[0031] Figures 2A & 2B show schematically the basic structure of a board material with a film according to one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2A generally shows a board material 2 which comprises a film 1 according to one of the described embodiments and a substrate 4 made of a material with greater rigidity than the film. The material thickness of the film 1 and the substrate 4 play only a subordinate role and the substrate is mainly intended to provide the rigidity (flexural rigidity) of the board material 2. Materials that can be used for the substrate 4 include, in particular, wood, laminated or multiplex wood, chipboard, pressboard, medium-density fiberboard, MDF, polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), recycled material, and so on.The use of an optional primer on the connecting layer of the decorative layer group of the film 1 can be tailored in particular to the surface properties of the substrate 4 and the adhesive system used. According to this embodiment of the present invention, a stable, cost- and weight-efficient, abrasion-resistant and durable as well as visually appealing panel material is advantageously obtained. Figure 2B shows a panel material in the form of floor elements 2-1, 2-2 which comprise a film 1 according to one of the described embodiments and a substrate 4 made of a material with greater rigidity than the film. The properties and possibilities mentioned in connection with Figure 2A apply.As a floor element, the panel material 2-1, 2-2 is intended to convey a corresponding optical impression 40, which is provided in particular by the decorative layer 140 of the decorative carrier layer 130 of the decorative layer group 10 in conjunction with the embossing of the embossed surface layer 230 of the wear protection group 20 and the lacquer layer 30 on the embossed surface layer.
[0032] Advantageously, the properties of the transparent base layer 220, the optical properties of the further connecting layer 210 and the background effect of the decorative base layer 120 and the decorative carrier layer 130 of the decorative layer group 10 also contribute to the overall optical impression 40. Furthermore, the color-imparting component 121 of the decorative base layer 120 can contribute to the overall optical impression 40. Furthermore, the floor elements 2-1, 2-2 can have tongue and groove or other fastening elements 200, in particular to provide an entire floor covering with the panel material according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2B thus shows an embodiment with a so-called click connection. A panel material according to the invention can, however, also be designed as a flexible roll product for gluing (without a click system).
[0033] The described embodiments are generally intended only to improve the understanding of the present invention. In particular, however, this description is not intended to limit the scope of protection, which is determined solely by the independent claims.
Claims
Patent claims: 1 . A film for forming a sheet material by applying the film to a substrate , the film comprising : a decorative layer group comprising a Bonding layer which is bonded to the substrate to form the panel material, a decorative base layer on the bonding layer, a decorative carrier layer on the decorative base layer, and a decorative layer on the decorative carrier layer; a wear protection group on the decorative layer of the decorative layer group, comprising a further bonding layer on the decorative layer, a transparent base layer on the further bonding layer, and an embossed surface layer on the transparent base layer; and a lacquer layer on the embossed surface layer of the wear protection group.
2. Film according to claim 1, further comprising a primer layer on the bonding layer of the decorative layer group.
3. Film according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the transparent base layer of the wear protection group has an embossing.
4. Film according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the connecting layer of the decorative layer group comprises at least partially a block copolymer, random copolymer, terpolymer or elastomer.
5. Film according to claim 4, wherein the outer surface of the connecting layer of the decorative layer group is polarized, radicalized, and / or corona-pretreated. 6 . Film according to one of claims 1 to 5 , wherein the Decorative base layer of the decorative layer group at least partially a polyolefin-based plastic, preferably Polypropylene, has .
7. Film according to claim 6, wherein the decorative base layer comprises a coloring component.
8. Film according to one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the decorative carrier layer of the decorative layer group comprises at least partially, preferably completely, a block copolymer and / or PP homopolymer. 9 . Film according to one of claims 1 to 8 , wherein the Decorative layer comprises a colorant in a casein, polyurethane or acrylic-based binder and the Decorative layer is applied as a water- and / or organic solvent-based ink system using common printing processes such as gravure or digital printing.
10. Film according to one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the further connecting layer of the wear protection group comprises a thermoplastic elastomer, a polyolefin-based plastic, polypropylene and / or polyethylene.
11. Film according to claim 10, wherein the further connecting layer comprises an adhesion promoter, preferably maleic anhydride-grafted polypropylene.
12. Film according to one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the transparent base layer of the wear protection group comprises at least partially, preferably completely, a random copolymer.
13. Film according to one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the base layer of the wear protection group is soft compared to the surface layer and preferably comprises an elastomer.
14. Film according to one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the embossed surface layer of the wear protection group has an embossing whose edges have a diffraction radius of at least 10 pm.
15. Film according to one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the lacquer layer comprises one or more layers of an excimer lacquer.
16. Plate material comprising a film according to one of claims 1 to 15 and a substrate made of a material having a greater rigidity than the film.