COMBINATION OF PETROSELINIC ACID AND ZINC FOR ORAL ADMINISTRATION TO COMBAT HAIR AGING

Abstract

The invention relates to the oral cosmetic use of a combination of active ingredients comprising petroselinic acid and zinc, in particular Zn (II) salts and preferably complexed with one or more (poly)hydroxy acids, such as zinc gluconate, to improve the quality of the hair, for the prevention and control of microinflammation of the hair follicles, in particular to combat hair aging in men over 30 years of age or in women.

Description

By the combability of the hair, we mean according to the invention hair that is easy to comb and / or brush. The disjointed scales catch with the scales of neighboring hair causing the hair to tangle, which then promotes the appearance of knots making styling more difficult. By styleability, we also mean better hold of the hairstyle after application of curlers, blow-drying, straightening or curling. According to the present invention, shine of the hair is understood to mean less wear and / or repair of the cuticle scales to homogenize the surface of the hair and promote the reflection of light. Preferably, the different parameters as defined above may be assessed by men and / or women using a multiple-choice questionnaire as part of an observational study which may be carried out in dermatologists. An effect will be considered significant when at least 50% of men and / or women have perceived a positive effect. Men over 30 and women are particularly concerned by the uses and methods according to the invention. For the purposes of the present invention, the term “man” means the human male population. The invention also relates to the implementation of a combination of active ingredients in accordance with the invention in the form of a food supplement. The invention also relates to a cosmetic composition intended for oral administration or a food supplement containing a combination of petroselinic acid, zinc, preferably zinc gluconate, and taurine, in which the petroselinic acid is present in a content of between 10% and 70% by weight relative to the total weight of said combination of active ingredients. The invention also relates to a cosmetic composition intended for oral administration or a food supplement containing a combination of petroselinic acid, zinc, in particular a Zn (II) salt, and preferably complexed with one or more (poly)hydroxy acids, such as zinc gluconate, and taurine, in which the petroselinic acid is present in a content of between 20 and 70% by weight relative to the total weight of said combination of active ingredients. Preferably, such a composition or food supplement further comprises vitamin D3 and tocopherol acetate. Zinc means zinc or one of its salts (zinc acetate, chloride, citrate, lactate, gluconate, lactate, oxide, carbonate or sulfate), in particular Zn(II) salts, and preferably complexed with one or more (poly)hydroxy acids, such as zinc gluconate. By (poly)hydroxy acid is meant any carboxylic acid which comprises a hydrocarbon chain, linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, preferably saturated and / or linear, comprising from 1 to 10 carbon atoms and from 1 to 9 hydroxy groups, and comprising from 1 to 4 carboxylic groups -C(O)-OH, of which at least one of said -C(O)-OH functions is in the carboxylate form -C(O)-O- complexed with the Zn atom, preferably Zn(II). More particularly, the zinc salt is complexed by two carboxylate groups such as that of formula (I): RC(O)-O-Zn-OC(O)-R' (I) in which R and R', identical or different, represent a (Cl C6)(poly)hydroxyalkyl group, as well as its solvates such as hydrates and their enantiomers. Preferably the compound of formula (I) is zinc gluconate. According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the zinc is not a zinc oxide but a zinc salt. By Zn(II) is meant a zinc atom with oxidation state Zn2+. To the extent that the product according to the invention is intended for oral use in an individual, the salts that can be used are obviously chosen for their total safety. The invention also relates to a cosmetic process for: improve the quality of the hair; and / or prevent and / or combat hair aging in men over 30 or in women; and / or prevent and / or combat low-level microinflammation of hair follicles and / or scalp; comprising at least the administration, by oral route, to an individual, of a combination of active ingredients in accordance with the invention, or of an oral composition or a food supplement comprising such a combination of active ingredients. The methods according to the invention have the characteristics of cosmetic methods, in particular insofar as they make it possible to improve the appearance of the hair, in particular by combating the progressive thinning of the hair which appears in particular with age. In addition, a combination of active ingredients, a composition or a food supplement according to the invention can be used daily for several months, without a medical prescription. The present invention is therefore clearly outside the therapeutic field. In particular, the cosmetic uses and / or processes of the invention make it possible to protect aged hair, particularly in men over 30 years of age or in women. The invention also relates to a food supplement comprising a portion of the compounds forming the combination of active ingredients in accordance with the invention in a first composition, and at least the other portion of the compounds forming the combination of active ingredients in a second composition, as a kit or combination product for simultaneous, separate or spread-out use over time. It is understood within the scope of the present invention that "oral cosmetic use" covers the use of products administered orally, these products being for example in the form of a food supplement as set out below. These products produce an effect, at the level of the hair, in terms of aesthetics and comfort, or for beauty purposes, for example with a view to protecting it, keeping it in good condition, and in particular beautifying it, in particular by increasing the volume and hold of the overall hair. An oil rich in petroselinic acid is understood to mean an oil comprising at least 20% petroselinic acid and more preferably more than 30% petroselinic acid. Alternatively, petroselinic acid, or monounsaturated fatty acid (C18:1 n-12 or cis delta 6) or C18 delta-6-cis-octadecenoic acid, is used in a combination of active ingredients in accordance with the invention. Umbelliferae are plants whose flowers are arranged in umbels. Species particularly rich in petroselinic acid are Umbellifarea-Apiacea and Araliaceae. Plants of the genus Thapsia are also sources of petroselinic acid (Avato et al, Lipids, 2001, 36, 845). The species preferably used in the invention are coriander, chervil, carrot, celery, cumin, caraway, parsley and dill. The umbelliferae oil used according to the invention can be extracted from the seeds of these umbelliferae, for example by crushing or pressing, followed by refining. The umbelliferae oil has a petroselinic acid content which varies depending on the umbelliferae seed from which it is extracted. For the same umbellifer, the petroselinic acid content also varies according to the country of origin of the umbellifer and according to the extraction which can be more or less complete. Petroselinic acid is also an abundant compound (about 48%) in Geranium sanguineum seed oil, as well as coriander (Coriandrum sativum) seed oil. Thus, according to one embodiment, the use which is the subject of the present invention is such that the petroselinic acid is used in the form of umbelliferae or Geranium sanguineum oil, preferably in the form of coriander (Coriandrum sativum), chervil, carrot, celery, cumin, caraway, parsley or dill oil, preferably in the form of coriander (Coriandrum sativum) seed oil. The petroselinic acid contents vary depending on whether the combination of active ingredients in accordance with the invention is used in a cosmetic composition intended for oral administration or in a food supplement. Contents are indicated below for information purposes only. The content of petroselinic acid, in a cosmetic composition intended for oral administration or in a food supplement in accordance with the invention, may be between 1 and 70% of the total weight, in particular between 10 and 70% of the total weight, particularly between 15 and 70% of the total weight of the composition or supplement. The content of petroselinic acid in a cosmetic composition intended for oral administration or in a food supplement in accordance with the invention may be between 1 and 70% of the total weight, in particular between 10 and 70% of the total weight of the composition or supplement. the invention, for the oral route, may be such that the daily dose of said petroselinic acid is between 5 and 1000 mg / day, and in particular between 50 and 650 mg / day. According to a preferred variant, a combination of active ingredients, a cosmetic composition or a food supplement in accordance with the invention also comprises taurine. According to a preferred variant, a combination of active ingredients, a cosmetic composition or a food supplement in accordance with the invention also comprises vitamin D3. According to a preferred variant, a combination of active ingredients, a cosmetic composition or a food supplement in accordance with the invention also comprises taurine and vitamin D3. According to a preferred variant, a combination of active ingredients, a cosmetic composition or a food supplement in accordance with the invention also comprises tocopherol acetate. According to a preferred variant, a cosmetic composition or a food supplement in accordance with the invention further comprises at least one amino acid chosen from the amino acids which constitute and / or which do not constitute proteins, in particular arginine, cysteine ​​and / or methionine. By taurine according to the present invention is meant taurine, hypotaurine or one of their salts. Insofar as the combination according to the invention is intended for oral use in an individual, the salts which can be used are obviously chosen for their total safety. Suitable for this purpose are alkaline or alkaline earth salts, in particular magnesium, manganese, iron II or zinc salts. The content of taurine, hypotaurine or one of its salts, in a cosmetic composition intended for oral administration or in a food supplement in accordance with the invention, may be between 1 and 40% of the total weight of the composition, in particular between 5 and 40% of the total weight of the composition, particularly between 5 and 30% of the total weight of the composition or of the supplement. The content of taurine, hypotaurine or one of its salts, in a cosmetic composition intended for oral administration or food supplement in accordance with the invention, for oral administration, may be such that the daily dose of said taurine, hypotaurine or one of its salts is between 4 and 700 mg / day, and in particular between 40 and 300 mg / day. The zinc content, in particular zinc gluconate, in a cosmetic composition intended for oral administration or food supplement in accordance with the invention, may be between 0.001% and 30% by weight, in particular between 0.01 and 25% by weight, particularly between 0.1 and 20% by weight, relative to the total weight of the combination of active ingredients. The zinc gluconate content, in a cosmetic composition intended for oral administration or in a food supplement in accordance with the invention, may be such that the daily dose of said zinc gluconate is between 0.01 and 300 mg / day, in particular between 0.1 and 200 mg / day, particularly between 1 and 100 mg / day. According to yet another embodiment of the invention, the combination of active ingredients in accordance with the present invention comprises petroselinic acid and zinc, but is free of taurine. According to another preferred embodiment of the invention, the combination of active ingredients comprises petroselinic acid, taurine, zinc, in particular zinc gluconate, and vitamin D3. According to one embodiment, a cosmetic composition intended for oral administration or a food supplement in accordance with the invention may also comprise at least one vitamin chosen from vitamin B1, B5, B6, B8, B9, B12, C, D, and in particular D3, PP, or tocopherol (vitamin E) and its derivatives, in particular ester such as tocopherol acetate, succinate or palmitate, preferably tocopherol acetate. According to this embodiment, a cosmetic composition intended for oral administration or a food supplement in accordance with the present The invention preferably comprises at least vitamin E or one of its derivatives and / or vitamin D, preferably vitamin D3 and / or tocopherol acetate. According to a particular embodiment, a cosmetic composition intended for oral administration or a food supplement in accordance with the present invention comprises vitamin D3 and tocopherol acetate. Thus, according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the present invention relates to a cosmetic composition intended for oral administration or a food supplement comprising petroselinic acid, zinc and in particular a Zn (II) salt, and preferably complexed with one or more (poly)hydroxy acids, preferably zinc gluconate, taurine, vitamin D3 and tocopherol acetate. The compositions according to the invention may further comprise at least one carotenoid, in particular a carotenoid chosen from β-carotene, lycopene, astaxanthin, zeaxanthin and lutein, flavonoids such as anthocyanins, flavonols, flavanols (proanthocyanidins from grape extracts, catechins from green tea extracts), flavanones (hesperidin, diosmin), phenolic acids and derivatives (chlorogenic acid from coffee extracts), diterpenes, stilbenes, chicory extracts, ginkgo biloba extracts, chili pepper extracts, soybean extracts, other sources of flavonoids having antioxidant properties, fatty acids, prebiotics, probiotics, resveratrol, amino acids, selenium and glutathione precursors. The oral compositions or food supplements in accordance with the invention may further comprise at least one probiotic, one prebiotic or a mixture of probiotics and a mixture of prebiotics. As probiotic microorganisms, mention may in particular be made of Lactobacillus johnsonii or Lactobacillus paracasei. The cosmetic compositions intended for oral administration or food supplements in accordance with the present invention may be presented in all the galenic forms normally used for oral administration. In this text, when discussing the limits x to y, we mean the limits x and y inclusive. Food supplement According to one embodiment, a cosmetic composition intended for oral administration or a food supplement in accordance with the invention comprises: (i) petroselinic acid in a content of between 1 and 70% by weight, in particular between 10 and 70% by weight, particularly between 20 and 70% by weight, relative to the total weight of the combination of active ingredients; (ii) at least one zinc (poly)hydroxy acid, preferably zinc gluconate, in a content of between 0.001 and 40% by weight, in particular between 0.01 and 25% by weight, particularly between 0.1 and 20% by weight, relative to the total weight of the combination of active ingredients; (iii) optionally taurine in a content of between 1 and 50% by weight, in particular between 5 and 40% by weight, particularly between 10 and 30% by weight, relative to the total weight of the combination of active ingredients; and / or (iv) optionally vitamin D3 in a content of between 0.0001 and 1.0% by weight, in particular between 0.0001 and 0.5% by weight, particularly between 0.0001 and 0.1% by weight, relative to the total weight of the combination of active ingredients; and (v) optionally tocopherol acetate in a content of between 0.01 and 10% by weight, in particular between 0.1 and 10% by weight, particularly between 0.2 and 5% by weight, relative to the total weight of the combination of active ingredients. According to a particular embodiment, a cosmetic composition intended for oral administration or a food supplement in accordance with the invention comprises the following ingredients i) to v), taken together or independently: (i) petroselinic acid in a content of between 1 and 70% by weight, in particular between 10 and 70% by weight, particularly between 15 and 70% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition or supplement; (ii) at least one zinc (poly)hydroxy acid, preferably zinc gluconate, in a content of between 0.001 and 30% by weight, in particular between 0.01 and 25% by weight, particularly between 0.1 and 20% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition or supplement; (iii) optionally taurine in a content of between 1 and 40% by weight, in particular between 5 and 40% by weight, particularly between 5 and 30% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition or supplement; and / or(iv) optionally vitamin D3 in a content of between 0.0001 and 1.0% by weight, in particular between 0.0001 and 0.5% by weight, particularly between 0.0001 and 0.1% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition or supplement; and / or (v) optionally tocopherol acetate in a content of between 0.01 and 10% by weight, in particular between 0.1 and 10% by weight, particularly between 0.2 and 5% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition or supplement. According to a particular embodiment, the cosmetic composition intended for oral administration or the food supplement in accordance with the invention comprises all of the ingredients (i) to (v) mentioned above. Such a composition of the food supplement type or an oral composition in accordance with the invention may in particular have the following contents: Components % by weight relative to the total weight of the composition Petroselinic acid 54.9 (provided by coriander seed oil) Zinc gluconate 6.3 (of which 13.6% active matter) Taurine 18.7 (of which 98.5% active matter) Vitamin E 1.0 (of which 67% active matter) Vitamin D3 0.03 (of which 2.5% active matter) For ingestion, many forms of oral compositions, including food supplements, are possible. Their formulation is carried out using standard methods to produce dragees, capsules, gels, emulsions, tablets, lozenges, or soft capsules. The compositions according to the invention, intended for oral administration, may in particular comprise all or only part of the daily dose. In other words, one to three compositions can be administered per day. Typically, the duration of this cosmetic treatment intended for oral administration may be greater than 4 weeks, in particular 4 to 24 weeks, with one or more periods of interruption where appropriate. The food supplement in accordance with the present invention may comprise a portion of the active ingredients forming the combination according to the invention in a first composition and the other portion of these active ingredients in a second composition, as a kit or combination product for simultaneous, separate or spread out use over time. This supplement may be formulated in such a way that the two compositions are in the same forms or in different forms, for example chosen from those mentioned above. Such a kit may in particular be presented in a single package. Of course, those skilled in the art will take care to choose any additional additives and / or their quantity in such a way that the advantageous properties of the combination according to the invention or of the composition comprising the combination according to the invention are not or are not substantially altered by the envisaged addition. The active ingredients according to the invention can be formulated with the usual excipients and components for oral compositions or supplements according to the invention, namely in particular fatty and / or aqueous components, humectants, thickeners, preservatives, texturizing and / or coating agents, antioxidants, flavorings and colorings usual in the field of food supplements. As a cosmetic active ingredient other than the combination of active ingredients in accordance with the invention, a composition or a food supplement in accordance with the invention may contain an additional hydrophilic active ingredient chosen from sugars and sugar derivatives, water-soluble vitamins, plant extracts, for example of rosemary, pine bark or fruits such as orange, peptides and amino acids such as arginine, methionine, cysteine, citrulline and / or an additional lipophilic active ingredient chosen from retinol (vitamin A) and its precursors, in particular Beta carotene, antioxidant carotenoids such as lycopene, zeaxanthin, astaxanthin and lutein, essential fatty acids, vegetable and animal oils, in particular fish oils rich in essential omega 3, phospholipids such as lecithin, and mixtures thereof, cucurbit oils such as pumpkin or sources of antioxidant enzymes such as melon, probiotics and prebiotics,vitamins and minerals, polyunsaturated and monounsaturated fatty acids PUFA and MUFA and omega 3 and omega 6. Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will emerge more clearly from the examples which follow, given for illustrative and non-limiting purposes. Example 1 Composition for oral administration in the form of a soft capsule. Ingredients (mg / softgel) Coriander Seed Oil (65% Petroselinic Acid) 300 Taurine 76.10 Zinc Gluconate 25.75 Vitamin E 4.10 Vitamin D3 0.115 Excipients Coconut Oil, Refined 112 Beeswax, Yellow, Cera Flava 22 Sunflower Lecithin 10 Capsule Fish Gelatin 144.6 Glycerol 58.6 Purified Water 6.8 Example 2 Composition for oral administration in the form of a soft capsule. Ingredients (mg / softgel) Coriander Seed Oil (65% Petroselinic Acid) 300 Zinc Gluconate 25.75 Vitamin E 4.10 Excipients Coconut Oil, Refined 112 Beeswax, Yellow Cera Flava 22 Sunflower Lecithin 10 Capsule Fish Gelatin 144.6 Glycerol 58.6 Purified Water 6.8 Example 3 Compositions for oral administration in the form of a stick emulsion. Ingredients (g / stick) Coriander seed oil (of which 65% petroselinic acid) 0.40 Zinc gluconate 0.051 Vitamin E 0.0082 Excipients Water 1.722 Sugar 0.911 Fructose 0.911 Microcrystalline cellulose 0.032 Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose 0.004 Natural mixed tocopherols 0.034 Sunflower oil 1.015 Natural lemon flavor 0.034 Potassium sorbate 0.013 Citric acid 0.013 Propylene glycol alginate 0.01 B. Ingredients (g / stick) Coriander Seed Oil (of which 65% is petroselinic acid) 0.40 Zinc Sulfonate 0.051 Vitamin E 0.0082 Excipients Water 1.722 Sugar 0.911 Fructose 0.911 Microcrystalline Cellulose 0.032 Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose 0.004 Natural Mixed Tocopherols 0.034 Sunflower Oil 1.015 Natural Lemon Flavor 0.034 Potassium Sorbate 0.013 Citric Acid 0.013 Propylene Glycol Alginate 0.01 Example 4 Demonstration of the effect of a combination of petroselinic acid and zinc gluconate on the production of an endogenous anti-inflammatory resolvin resulting from lipid metabolism: lipoxin A4 in an experimental model using human mononuclear cells in vitro. Blood mononuclear cells are cultured under 5% CO2 and at 37°C in a serum-free medium for macrophages (SFM Macrophage; Invitrogen 12065074) for 24 hours. At the end of this step, the medium is replaced by the same fresh test medium additionally containing the active ingredients at different doses for 30 minutes in the presence of the different products to be evaluated (Coriander Oil 0.25 mg / ml, Gluconate Zinc (0.005 mg / ml) The inflammatory response was then triggered in the presence of phorbol myristate (0.05 pM) and the ionophore calcium (1 pM) and a lipid substrate mixture composed of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA - 1 pg / mL) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA - 1 pg / mL). The supernatants were then collected after 2 h of stimulation and frozen at -80°C before preparation for mass spectrometry analysis. Experimental triplicates (three wells) were performed per experimental condition. In each culture plate was introduced a control corresponding to cells stimulated by the PMA / A23187 mixture and / or with the addition of the equimolar mixture of fatty acids. Thawed supernatants were concentrated by solid phase extraction (SPE), taken up in methanol before spectrometric analysis. The analytical method used consists of separating the different analytes by high pressure liquid chromatography according to their retention time and quantifying them by mass spectrometry. Analyses were performed on a 1290 Infinity LC system (Agilent Technologies) coupled to a 6460 Triple Quad LC / MS mass spectrometer (Agilent Technologies) equipped with an electrospray ionization source (Jet stream technology) operating in the negative world. Chromatographic separations were performed on a ZorBAX SB-C18 column. Results were obtained in pg / mL of cell supernatant. These raw data were then transformed by calculation to obtain the percentage of activation (or inhibition) relative to the plate control using the following calculation: Modulation % = 100 x (value obtained with the active ingredient - control value) / control value These modulation percentages are shown in the table below. A combination of active ingredients in accordance with the invention comprising coriander oil, rich in petroselinic acid, and zinc gluconate, as well as the same individually composed, were tested in accordance with what is indicated above. The results obtained from these comparative tests are as follows: Tested compounds Lipoxin A4 production level Coriander oil (of which between 60 and 75% petroselinic acid) 0.25 mg / ml +19% Zinc gluconate 0.005 mg / ml -5% Zinc gluconate 0.005mg / ml + Coriander oil (of which between 60 and 75% petroselinic acid) 0.25 mg / ml +94% 5 In this case too, we can see that the effect of an association in accordance with The invention on the production of lipoxin A4 is significantly greater than the sum of the effects of the compounds used individually. Indeed, an increase in the production of lipoxin A4 of 94% compared to the basal level of production of this anti-inflammatory component 10 was observed when the lymphocyte cells tested were put in contact with the combination of active ingredients. It is therefore indeed a synergistic effect of a combination of active ingredients in accordance with the invention which is observed and demonstrated here.

Claims

CLAIMS 1. Cosmetic use, by oral route, of a combination of active ingredients comprising petroselinic acid and zinc, in particular Zn (II) salts, and preferably complexed with one or more (poly)hydroxy acids, such as zinc gluconate, to improve the quality of the hair, in particular in men over 30 years of age or in women.

2. Use according to claim 1, characterized in that the improvement in the quality of the hair comprises the improvement in the shine of the hair and / or the improvement in the combability of the hair, and / or its hold and maintenance and / or the reduction in hair loss and / or the improvement in the growth of the hair fiber and / or the improvement in the volume of the hair and / or the improvement in the quality of the hair fiber.

3. Use according to claim 2, characterized in that the improvement of the volume of the hair comprises increasing and / or maintaining the diameter of the hair fiber, and / or increasing the density, and / or limiting the thinning of the hair fiber.

4. Use according to claim 2, characterized in that improving the quality of the hair fiber includes improving the tensile strength of the hair, and / or styling and / or shaping of the hair and / or preventing and / or combating soft and / or brittle and / or dull and / or split and / or weakened and / or sensitized and / or dry hair, and / or improving the softness and / or strength of the hair fibers.

5. Use according to any one of the preceding claims, to prevent and / or combat hair aging in men over 30 years of age or in women.

6. Use according to any one of the preceding claims, for preventing and / or combating low-level microinflammation of the hair follicles and / or the scalp.

7. Use according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the petroselinic acid is used in the form of umbelliferae or Geranium sanguineum oil, preferably in the form of coriander, chervil, carrot, celery, cumin, caraway, parsley or dill oil, preferably in the form of coriander seed oil.

8. Use according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the combination of active ingredients also contains taurine.

9. Use according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the combination of active ingredients also contains vitamin D3.

10. Use according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the combination of active ingredients is implemented in the form of a food supplement.

11. Use according to claim 10, wherein the food supplement further comprises at least one vitamin chosen from vitamin B1, B5, B6, B8, B9, B12, C, D, preferably D3, PP, or vitamin E and its derivatives, and preferably comprises vitamin D and / or vitamin E or one of its derivatives, preferably vitamin D3 and / or tocopherol acetate, more preferably vitamin D3 and tocopherol acetate.

12. Use according to any one of claims 10 or 11, in which the food supplement further comprises at least one amino acid chosen from the amino acids which constitute and / or do not constitute proteins, in particular arginine, cysteine ​​and / or methionine.

13. Use according to any one of claims 10 to 12, in which the food supplement comprises a combination of petroselinic acid, taurine, and zinc, and in particular Zn (II) salts, and preferably complexed with one or more (poly)hydroxy acids, such as zinc gluconate.

14. Use according to any one of claims 10 to 13, in which the food supplement comprises petroselinic acid, zinc and in particular a Zn(II) salt, and preferably complexed with one or more (poly)hydroxy acids, preferably zinc gluconate, taurine, vitamin D3 and tocopherol acetate.

15. Food supplement, containing a combination of petroselinic acid, zinc, in particular a Zn (II) salt, and preferably complexed with one or more (poly)hydroxy acids, such as zinc gluconate, and taurine, in which the petroselinic acid is present in a content of between 20 and 70% by weight relative to the total weight of said combination of active ingredients.

16. Food supplement according to the preceding claim, further comprising vitamin D3 and tocopherol acetate.

17. Food supplement according to claim 15 or 16, comprising: (i) petroselinic acid in a content of between 1 and 70% by weight, in particular between 10 and 70% by weight, particularly between 15 and 70% by weight, relative to the total weight of the supplement; (ii) at least one zinc (poly)hydroxy acid, preferably zinc gluconate in a content of between 0.001 and 30% by weight, in particular between 0.01 and 25% by weight, particularly between 0.1 and 20% by weight, relative to the total weight of the supplement; (iii) taurine in a content of between 1 and 40% by weight, in particular between 5 and 40% by weight, particularly between 5 and 30% by weight, relative to the total weight of the supplement; and / or (iv) optionally vitamin D3 in a content of between 0.0001 and 1% by weight, in particular between 0.0001% and 0.5% by weight, particularly between 0.0001 and 0.1% by weight, relative to the total weight of the supplement; and / or (v) optionally tocopherol acetate in a content of between 0.01 and 10% by weight, in particular between 0.1 and 10% by weight, particularly between 0.2 and 5% by weight, relative to the total weight of the supplement.

18. Cosmetic process for improving the quality of hair, in particular in men over 30 years of age or in women, comprising at least the administration, orally, to an individual, of a combination of active ingredients as defined in any one of claims 1 to 14 or of a food supplement as defined in any one of claims 15 to 17.

19. Cosmetic process according to claim 18, characterized in that it makes it possible to prevent and / or combat low-level microinflammation of the hair follicles and / or the scalp.