Composition for ketogenic diet and its preparation method

Abstract

Composition for a ketogenic diet, administrable orally, comprising a mass proportion of lipids of between 70 and 92%, including 30 to 65% of medium-chain triglycerides called MCTs (triglycerides of C6 to C12 fatty acids), and 5 to 15% of taurine, preferably between 7 and 12% of taurine, and a thickening agent chosen from a food wax with a melting point of between 55 and 85°C. The composition for a ketogenic diet is prepared according to the process comprising mixing, with stirring at a temperature at which the food wax is liquid, said food wax and MCT triglycerides, adding taurine, then, after cooling, introducing, still with stirring, the other ingredients to obtain said composition capable of thickening on standing at room temperature and of regaining a fluid appearance under stirring, while retaining its homogeneity.

Description

Title of the invention: Composition for ketogenic diet and method of preparation thereof FIELD OF THE INVENTION

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of ketogenic diets and more particularly to a composition for a ketogenic diet and its preparation process.

[0002] The ketogenic diet consists of promoting, in the diet, a very high consumption of lipids by considerably reducing the proportion of carbohydrates, without modifying the protein intake. The intake of lipids, mainly fatty acids, can reach 70 to 90% of the daily caloric ration, while the intake of carbohydrates can be reduced to 50 g per day, or even to 20 g per day.

[0003] Since the reserves of glucose in the body are then insufficient, the main energy substrate is provided by the breakdown of fatty acids into ketone bodies; hence the name phenomenon of ketosis. PREVIOUS ART

[0004] It has been known for many years that such a ketogenic diet could have anti-convulsant effects in epileptics and eliminate severe drug-resistant epilepsies, or could even relieve people suffering from serious side effects due to allopathic treatments.

[0005] Various patents have more recently proposed food compositions not only useful for the treatment of epilepsy, but also in cases of diabetes, tumors, cognitive impairment, autism, obesity, spinal cord injuries, Alzheimer's disease, or Parkinson's disease.

[0006] In this context, document CN111280442A describes a biscuit comprising the following mass proportions: 44-78 parts of lipids, 10-21 parts of proteins,

[0007] 4.5-45.5 parts of carbohydrates and 3-19 parts of water-soluble dietary fiber, lipids being composed of 30-50% medium-chain fatty acids and 50-70% long-chain fatty acids. These biscuits also contain low proportions (less than 0.4 parts by mass) of taurine, carnitine, DHA and vitamins. This preparation is solid and is not suitable for certain types of patients, for example, people prone to choking.

[0008] Compositions for ketogenic diets are also known for the treatment of patients undergoing chemo- or radiotherapy: WO2012 / 113572 describes a composition in liquid form, for enteral administration, marketed under the brand name Ketocal® from the company Nutricia, comprising lipids, proteins and carbohydrates in a lipid / carbohydrate + protein weight ratio of 4 / 1, the lipids containing at least

[0009] less than 25% medium chain triglycerides. This composition does not contain taurine.

[0010] Document US2016 / 175378A1 discloses a composition for a ketogenic diet intended for critically ill patients for enteral or parenteral administration. In this composition, the lipids are rich in omega-3 or are medium-chain triglycerides (abbreviated as MCT). This nutritional composition comprises 50% lipids and 50% proteins, in fact in the form of a mixture of essential and non-essential amino acids.

[0011] AIMS OF THE INVENTION

[0012] A first aim of the present invention is to propose a composition for a ketogenic diet which can be administered orally, for any type of patient, without risk of choking, i.e. for example using a spoon.

[0013] Another aim of the invention is to provide a composition for a ketogenic diet which can be administered orally, with an improved taste, in particular which can be administered to children.

[0014] Another object of the invention is to propose a composition for a ketogenic diet that can be administered orally, containing a taurine content higher than the compositions of the prior art, the composition remaining stable and homogeneous over time. This stability of the composition is necessary, both for entering into an industrial preparation process, and for the end user.

[0015] DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0016] To this end, the present invention provides a composition for a ketogenic diet, administrable orally, comprising a mass proportion of lipids of between 70 and 92%, including 30 to 65% of medium-chain triglycerides called MCTs (triglycerides of C6 to C12 fatty acids), and 5 to 15% of taurine, preferably between 7 and 12% of taurine.

[0017] Taurine has neurotransmitter properties (Md. Jakaria et al., Redox Biology, 2019) and is involved in cardiac and muscular functions (Yan-Jun Xu et al. Exp Clin Cardio Voll3 N°2, 2008). It is also involved in the lipid digestion mechanism. The combination of lipids and taurine in the same composition is therefore quite interesting.

[0018] Preferably, the MCT triglycerides comprise coconut oils, preferably a mixture of virgin oil and refined oil, in proportions of 40 to 50% by weight of the composition. The presence of these coconut oils in two different forms significantly improves the taste of the composition. Virgin coconut oil is rich in triglycerides of essential fatty acids, including lauric, palmitic, myristic, caprylic and capric acids. In addition, it contains vitamins E, A, B3, B5 and B6.

[0019] The composition according to the invention may also comprise hemp seed oil, preferably in proportions of 20 to 25% by weight of the composition. Hemp oil is in fact rich in essential omega 3 fatty acids and helps to combat stress and anxiety, and even prevent depression. It also contains omega 6 fatty acids and vitamin E.

[0020] Advantageously, the composition according to the invention comprises omega-3 in the form of DHA, preferably in proportions of 5 to 12%, more preferably in proportions of 7 to 10% by weight of said composition.

[0021] Advantageously, the composition according to the invention may comprise at least one prebiotic, such as inulin, preferably chicory inulin. Chicory inulin is a water-soluble, low-calorie dietary fiber that stimulates the development of bacteria in the intestinal flora and regulates blood sugar.

[0022] In order to be able to obtain a composition incorporating a significant content of taurine, a molecule which is very poorly soluble in lipids, the present invention comprises a thickening agent chosen from a food wax with a melting point of between 55 and 85°C. This makes it possible to obtain a composition capable of thickening on standing at room temperature (20 to 25°C) and of regaining a fluid appearance when stirred, whilst retaining its homogeneity. Oral administration is thus facilitated, for example by spoonful.

[0023] Advantageously, said food wax is a natural wax, preferably chosen from beeswax, candelilla wax, sunflower wax, camauba wax, mimosa wax, or a mixture thereof.

[0024] According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the food wax is beeswax, preferably present in proportions of 1 to 5%, more preferably 2 to 4% by weight of the composition.

[0025] The composition according to the invention may also comprise, preferably at a total content not exceeding 2% by weight of the composition, vitamins such as vitamins E, D, and / or coenzyme Q 10.

[0026] The composition according to the invention may also comprise, preferably at a total content not exceeding 2% by weight of the composition, amino acids, other than taurine, including leucine and / or arginine.

[0027] Arginine has antioxidant properties, helps with cognition and stimulates growth hormone.

[0028] Leucine is known to act on the nervous system and neurological functions.

[0029] A selenium supplement, for example in the form of sodium selenite, may be provided in said composition at a content of between 0.2 and 0.5% by mass. Indeed, selenium is an essential trace element, in particular for its

[0030] functions on the cardiac level, which is deficient in patients usually on a ketogenic diet.

[0031] According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the composition comprises the following percentages by weight: hemp oil 20 to 25%, virgin coconut oil 20 to 25%, MCT coconut oil 20 to 25%, DHA 5 to 10%, taurine 5 to 15%, inulin 2 to 10%, food wax, with a melting point between 55 and 85°C, 1 to 5%, optionally, at a total content not exceeding 2% by weight of the composition, vitamins and / or coenzyme Q 10, and optionally, at a total content not exceeding 2% by weight of the composition, amino acids including leucine and / or arginine.

[0032] The above composition is lipidically balanced: balanced in omega 3 / 6 / 9, DHA and MCT, and with a reduced carbohydrate intake (carbohydrate content less than or equal to 1%, preferably less than or equal to 0.5% by mass), which will facilitate the production of ketone bodies, therefore the body's state of ketosis. These ketone bodies are the new source of energy necessary for the functioning of organs, the brain and the heart... They will also improve the absorption of vitamin D, Coenzyme Q10 and taurine at the intestinal level, promoting good intestinal microbiota and the production of neurotransmitters. Indeed, ketone bodies and MCT oils will become "transporters" via the portal vein and not via the lymphatic system: access is more direct, efficient and rapid at the neuronal level.

[0033] The composition according to the invention can thus accompany and maintain the monitoring of a ketogenic diet, in particular in patients suffering from epilepsy.

[0034] The present invention also relates to a process for preparing the composition for a ketogenic diet described above comprising the following steps: - mixing with stirring at a temperature at which the food wax is liquid, said wax and virgin coconut oil, - adding to the said mixture while stirring the MCT coconut oil, hemp oil and taurine, at a temperature above 35°C, - then after cooling to a temperature of 20 to 25°C, introduction, still with stirring, of the DHA oil, the inulin, any vitamins and / or coenzyme Q 10, and any amino acids, and - obtaining a composition capable of thickening when left to stand at room temperature of 20 to 25°C and of regaining a fluid appearance when stirred, while retaining its homogeneity.

[0035] The method of the invention does not alter the intrinsic properties of the lipid components of interest for the production of ketone bodies.

[0036] Thus the composition according to the present invention, obtained by this process is a

[0037] suspension in an oily medium, stable over time, whether after a stay in the cold (refrigerator) or exposure to moderate heat (25-30°C) (mixing with another food for example).

[0038] EXAMPLE

[0039] A non-limiting example of the production of a composition according to the invention is presented below; the quantities are expressed in % by mass of the final composition.

[0040] Lipid constituents (Manufacturers): - hemp oil (EXINNOV) 24.0% - virgin coconut oil (AKEMIA BIO) 24.0% - coconut oil MCT (CAMBRIGE) 23.2% DHA 550-Y (FERMENTALG) 10.0% - Taurine 10.0% - Beeswax (COOPER) 2.5% Other constituents: - chicory inulin (GONMISOL) 5% - Coenzyme Q 10 1% - Vitamin E 0.3% - Vitamin D3 0.01% The carbohydrate content of this composition is 0.5% by mass. The following can also be added to this composition: - sodium selenite 0.25 mg / 100 g.

[0041] The minimum recommended dose per intake is 10 mL of this composition, in addition to a separate diet providing protein. It does not require dilution or special preparation and can therefore be administered directly, in particular by spoonful, or incorporated into food (on vegetables) or a drink (for example coconut milk).

[0042] A dose of 10 mL of this composition corresponds to 320 kcal.

[0043] The composition comprises a diversity of lipid types. The presence of coconut oils improves the taste and the slightly pasty texture of the composition allows administration under the tongue, having the advantage of sublingual absorption.

[0044] The process for preparing said composition comprises firstly mixing, under stirring, in a water bath at a temperature between 60 and 70°C, beeswax and virgin coconut oil, then adding to said mixture under stirring, TCM coconut oil, hemp oil and then taurine powder. The mixture is kept under stirring until cooling to a temperature of 20 to 25°C. Still under stirring, Tinulin, the coenzyme

[0045] Q 10, DHA oil, then any vitamins, and any amino acids. The final mixture is kept stirring for at least 10 min, then packaged in a bottle.

[0046] The composition obtained is a semi-liquid paste, capable of thickening on standing at room temperature of 20 to 25°C and of regaining a fluid appearance when stirred, while retaining its homogeneity. The method according to the invention makes it possible to incorporate into said composition for a ketogenic diet a significant quantity (10% in the example above) of taurine.

Claims

Claims

1. Composition for use in a ketogenic diet to reduce seizures in patients suffering from epilepsy comprising a mass proportion of lipids of between 70 and 92%, including 30 to 65% of medium-chain triglycerides called MCTs (triglycerides of C6 to C12 fatty acids), and 5 to 15% of taurine, preferably between 7 and 12% of taurine, in a form suitable for oral administration, the composition comprising a thickening agent chosen from a food wax with a melting point of between 55 and 85°C.

2. Composition for its use according to claim 1 characterized in that the TCM triglycerides comprise coconut oils, preferably a mixture of virgin oil and refined oil, in proportions of 40 to 50% by weight of the composition.

3. Composition for its use according to claim 1 or 2 characterized in that it also comprises hemp seed oil, preferably in proportions of 20 to 25% by weight of the composition.

4. Composition for its use according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises omega-3 in the form of DHA, preferably in proportions of 5 to 12%, more preferably in proportions of 7 to 10% by weight of the composition.

5. Composition for its use according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises at least one prebiotic, such as inulin, preferably chicory inulin.

6. Composition for use according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the food wax is a natural wax, preferably chosen from beeswax, candelilla wax, sunflower wax, camauba wax, mimosa wax, or a mixture thereof.

7. Composition for its use according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the food wax is beeswax, preferably present in proportions of 1 to 5%, more preferably 2 to 4% by weight of the composition.

8. Composition for use according to any one of the preceding claims comprising, at a total content not exceeding 2% by weight of the composition, vitamins such as vitamins E, D, and / or coenzyme Q 10.

9. Composition for use according to any one of the preceding claims comprising, at a total content not exceeding 2% by weight of the composition, amino acids, other than taurine, including leucine and / or arginine.

10. Composition for use according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises the following percentages by weight: hemp seed oil 20 to 25%, virgin coconut oil 20 to 25%, MCT coconut oil 20 to 25%, DHA 5 to 10%, taurine 5 to 15%, inulin 2 to 10%, food wax, with a melting point between 55 and 85°C, 1 to 5%, optionally, at a total content not exceeding 2% by weight of the composition, vitamins and / or coenzyme Q 10, and optionally, at a total content not exceeding 2% by weight of the composition, amino acids including leucine and / or arginine.

11. Process for preparing the composition according to claim 10 comprising the following steps: - mixing with stirring, at a temperature at which the food wax is liquid, said wax and virgin coconut oil, - adding to said mixture with stirring the MCT coconut oil, hemp seed oil and taurine, at a temperature above 35°C, - then after cooling to a temperature of 20 to 25°C, introduction, still with stirring, of the DHA oil, inulin, any vitamins and / or coenzyme Q 10, and any amino acids, - obtaining a composition capable of solidifying on standing at room temperature of 20 to 25°C and of regaining a fluid appearance under stirring, while retaining its homogeneity.