Combined drainage and irrigation system for green roofs

Abstract

The invention relates to a combined drainage and irrigation device (6) for a green roof (1), comprising: - a drainage layer (7) provided with an absorption layer (70), a filtration layer (71) covering said absorption layer (70), at least two drains (72), positioned between the absorption layer (70) and the filtration layer (71), - a drainage channel (73) for the water from the absorption layer (70), at least one end of said drains (72) being connected to said channel (73), characterized in that it comprises a drip irrigation system (8) provided with at least one network of tubes (80); said network being located between the layers (70,71) and positioned between said two drains (72), the layers (70,71) being between the drains (72) and the tubes (80). The invention also relates to a green roof (1) covering a building, equipped with a device (6) according to the invention. Fig. 3

Description

Title of the invention: Combined drainage and irrigation device for a green roof Technical field of the invention

[0001] The present invention falls within the field of green roofs.

[0002] Let us recall a green roof, a green roof or a green roof, also called a “Horizontal Green Wall Complex (HVCPC)”, consists of plants added to the covering of a construction or a building, such as a flat or low-sloped roof, or a terrace.

[0003] In addition to plant engineering, a green roof offers an alternative to the materials usually used for roof coverings, such as tiles or similar. Such a green roof makes it possible to naturally improve the thermal insulation characteristics of the building on which it is installed, particularly in cases of high heat. Plants absorb both calories and certain atmospheric particles, including pollutants, especially in urban areas, also ensuring the fixation of carbon dioxide, improving air quality.

[0004] In addition, a green roof increases the ambient humidity level, but also ensures natural filtration of rainwater and runoff.

[0005] In addition, a green roof is beneficial for the environment, especially urban, both for biodiversity and for the well-being of residents, providing green spaces, whether accessible or not, and possibly areas for food cultivation.

[0006] In this context, the installation of a green roof on a building involves two trades in completely separate fields.

[0007] Firstly, the field of building and public works (BTP) ensures the construction of said building, in particular the waterproof covering of the structure, ensuring it is watertight. With a view to installing a green roof, roofing and roofing experts also ensure the drainage of rainwater and runoff, like the drains, collectors and pipes installed on the ground, at the level of the building's foundations and within the land on which it is built. Such drainage is all the more necessary with a view to installing a green roof, which absorbs and retains a significant quantity of water. In addition, the waterproofing must also constitute a barrier against plant roots, in order to avoid any infiltration and any degradation of the structural integrity of the building. In a second phase, plant specialists, such as landscapers, are responsible for the installation of the green roof, by selecting the plants and the growing medium for the plants. Landscapers are also responsible for irrigation, ensuring a water supply during dry periods, for the proper growth of said plants.

[0008] In this context, experts and specialists, with their own knowledge of these two distinct technical fields, must collaborate closely to supervise the work and the installation of a green roof, in order to ensure the longevity of both the green roof and the building. State of the art

[0009] That being said, once the roof has been waterproofed, the building experts install a drainage layer, which ensures, on the one hand, the accumulation of a water reserve by absorbing rainwater passing through the substrate, as well as possibly a distribution of the absorbed water over the entire surface of the green roof. On the other hand, drainage consists of channeling excess water absorbed by said drainage layer towards the building's collectors, possibly a water reserve for irrigation. In addition, this drainage layer can provide additional filtration of the water thus channeled.

[0010] Currently, such a drainage layer comprises an absorbent sheet of geotextile type, placed directly on a waterproof coating of the surface to be covered. On this drainage layer, drains are arranged at regular intervals. Designed to be permeable to water, these drains make it possible to receive and guide the water towards a pipe, generally located on one side of the surface of the building, the ends of the drains located on said side being connected to said pipe. This pipe is connected to a collector of the building, in order to recover and evacuate the water thus drained.

[0011] Said drainage layer also comprises, on top, a filtering sheet, also of the geotextile type, covering the drains and the absorbent sheet. This filtering sheet makes it possible to filter the water passing through it and to prevent particles from the substrate from passing through it.

[0012] Furthermore, between the drains, the filtration sheet comes into contact with the upper face of the absorption sheet, in particular allowing them to be joined together, in order to form an integral drainage layer on these portions in contact.

[0013] The geotextiles used are generally non-woven, such as embossed polyethylene or polypropylene, providing water permeability and ensuring its filtration depending on its density. In the form of felts, these geotextiles also ensure the absorption and retention of a quantity of water, also depending on their density. Such a drainage layer advantageously replaces the underlying beds of sand and gravel, heavy and compact, within which the drains, as is customary in the building and construction sector, for example under paving and forecourts.

[0014] Furthermore, once the drainage layer has been installed, the landscapers are responsible for laying the growing substrate on the surface, which is generally lighter than earth and resistant to compaction over time, while retaining some of the water. Such a substrate can be made up of a mixture of earth and plant compost, with the addition of absorbent aggregates, such as clay balls or pumice stones. The landscapers then plant the plants within the said substrate.

[0015] In addition, independently, an irrigation system is added to the surface of the substrate, by spraying or aerial sprinkling, or by means of a drip system placed between the plants. In particular, usually, a drip irrigation system comprises a network of tubes connected to a water supply and deployed on the surface of the substrate. Such an irrigation system comprises nozzles positioned along said tubes and ensuring the flow of water at a determined flow rate, in particular depending on the substrate and the plants planted.

[0016] Given the duality of the participants, with their knowledge and skills specific to two different technical fields, the stages of construction and installation of drainage by some are completely separate from the stages of installation of the green roof, as well as its irrigation by others.

[0017] In fact, the drainage indiscriminately recovers water passing through the substrate, both from bad weather and part of the water from irrigation, which is not desirable. This results in a major problem of drying out of the substrate, impairing the growth and future of the plants on such a green roof. Statement of the invention

[0018] The invention aims to overcome the drawbacks of the state of the art by proposing a combined drainage and irrigation device for green roofs. In other words, the invention consists of bringing together the knowledge of landscapers, in particular concerning irrigation, with the technical expertise of drainage layer manufacturers and building professionals, to configure and move an irrigation system from the surface, by integrating it directly within said drainage layer.

[0019] Furthermore, the invention provides a drip irrigation system, with a network of tubes positioned specifically in relation to the drains, in order to ensure improved humidification of the substrate, while limiting the drainage of the water thus supplied.

[0020] To do this, the device comprises a drainage layer provided with: - an absorption sheet, - a filtration sheet covering said absorption sheet, - at least two drains, positioned between the absorption sheet and the filtration sheet, - a pipe for draining water from the absorption sheet, at least one end of said drains being connected to said pipe, characterized in that it comprises - a drip irrigation system provided with at least one network of tubes; - said network being located between the absorption layer and the filtration layer and positioned between said two drains, the filtration layer being in contact with the absorption layer between the drains and the tubes.

[0021] According to additional, non-limiting characteristics, said at least two drains extend in parallel, each tube of said network being positioned equidistant from said at least two drains.

[0022] According to one embodiment, at least one longitudinal edge parallel to said two drains, said network comprising at least one end tube, located between said longitudinal edge and one of said two drains located closest to said longitudinal edge.

[0023] According to one embodiment, said end tube is positioned at a distance of at least 10 cm from said longitudinal edge, in particular at a distance of between 10 and 45 cm from said longitudinal edge, preferably at a distance of 30 cm from said longitudinal edge.

[0024] According to one embodiment, the tubes of the network are spaced at a spacing of between 30 and 70 cm, preferably at a spacing of 45 cm.

[0025] According to one embodiment, said irrigation system comprises nozzles positioned on said tubes, said nozzles are spaced at regular intervals, in particular at an interval of between 10 and 100 cm, preferably at an interval of between 10 and 50 cm, more preferably at an interval of around thirty centimeters, even more preferably at an interval of 33 cm.

[0026] According to one embodiment, said nozzles comprise a determined flow rate, in particular between 1.1 and 2.3 liters per hour, preferably 1.6 liters per hour.

[0027] According to one embodiment, the ends of two adjacent tubes are connected to each other on one side, while on the opposite side the other ends of each of said two tubes are connected to other contiguous tubes, forming a single network.

[0028] According to one embodiment, the absorption sheet and / or the filtration sheet comprises a non-woven geotextile material, preferably of the felt type, in particular made of polypropylene or polyethylene.

[0029] According to one embodiment, the absorption sheet and the filtration sheet are secured at their contact, in particular by a needling technique.

[0030] According to one embodiment, the adjacent ends of two tubes are connected between them by a supply tube, said network being connected to a water supply.

[0031] According to one embodiment, said device comprises a means for recovering and storing water drained by the drains, said pipe being connected to said recovery and storage means, the water supply being connected to said recovery and storage means.

[0032] The invention also relates to a green roof equipped with at least one such combined drainage and irrigation device.

[0033] Thus, such a green roof comprises: - a waterproofing layer for an area of ​​the building, - a growth substrate deployed on said sealing layer, - plants planted on the surface and within said substrate,

[0034] characterized in that it comprises - between the sealing layer and the substrate, at least one combined drainage and irrigation device according to the invention.

[0035] According to additional, non-limiting characteristics, said green roof comprises at least two combined drainage and irrigation devices positioned over all or part of said area of ​​said building, the adjacent edges of said two devices being positioned overlapping one another.

[0036] Thus, the invention makes it possible to facilitate the installation of a green roof on a building, through a single device combining drainage and irrigation, thereby simplifying the steps for those involved, with a saving of precious time in construction.

[0037] In addition, the invention provides water savings, limiting the loss of irrigation water to drainage, while reducing the quantity required for irrigation, through an absorbent layer, providing better water retention. Presentation of the drawings

[0038] Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will emerge from the detailed description which follows of the non-limiting embodiments of the invention, with reference to the appended figures, in which:

[0039] [Fig. 1] schematically represents a partial perspective view of an embodiment of a combined drainage and irrigation device installed to support a green roof covering a building;

[0040] [Fig.2] schematically represents a detailed perspective view of a mode of construction of the combined drainage and irrigation system, showing in particular the absorption and filtration layers, as well as the drains and tubes;

[0041] [Fig.3] schematically represents a simplified top view of a mode of rea layout of the combined drainage and irrigation system, showing in particular an arrangement of the tubes of the irrigation system network in relation to the drains; and

[0042] [Fig.4] schematically represents a partial view along a vertical section of two drainage and irrigation devices covering their adjoining edges. Detailed description

[0043] The present invention relates to the installation of a green roof 1 as a covering for a building.

[0044] Such a green roof 1 is created at the level of a zone 2 of said building, such as for example a flat or low-sloping roof, or even a terrace as visible in the example of [Fig.l].

[0045] Said green roof 1 firstly comprises a layer 3 ensuring the waterproofing of said zone 2 of the building. Such a waterproofing layer 3 may be of any type, with an impermeable material, such as a bituminous coating. Said material of the waterproofing layer 3 may also have a particular resistance and / or a treatment preventing or limiting the propagation of the roots of the plants during their growth.

[0046] Said sealing layer 3 may be directly applied to the surface of said zone 2, or via one or more intermediate layers. Similarly, it may comprise one or more thicknesses of one or more superimposed materials.

[0047] Said green roof 1 also comprises a growth substrate 4 deployed on said waterproofing layer 3. Such a substrate 4 may be of any type, based on earth or potting soil, or a mixture of earth and plant compost, in particular with the addition of absorbent aggregates, such as clay balls or pumice stones, or any other material conferring desired characteristics for said substrate 4, such as filtration or water retention, depending on the plants 5 to be planted there, but also on the density of said substrate 4 thus obtained.

[0048] Said green roof 1 also comprises plants 5 planted on the surface and within said substrate 4.

[0049] Advantageously, the invention provides for combining building construction techniques, in particular covering and roofing, with the planting of plants.

[0050] To do this, said green roof 1 comprises between the waterproofing layer 3 and the substrate 4, at least one combined drainage and irrigation device 6, hereinafter referred to as “device 6”.

[0051] According to a preferred embodiment, said green roof 1 comprises at least two devices 6 positioned over all or part of said zone 2 of said building, in order to cover it completely or in part.

[0052] In addition, the adjacent edges of said two devices 6 are positioned overlapping one another, ensuring the continuity of this drainage and irrigation layer on the surface of said zone 2. In particular, the portions of the overlapping edges of said two devices 6 may be just superimposed, the weight of the substrate 4 then ensuring their maintenance relative to one another, or preferably secured to one another, in particular by a needling technique carried out on site at the time of deployment of said two devices 6.

[0053] [Fig.4] shows in particular a zone 10 of needling of the edges 9 of two devices 6 thus joined.

[0054] Further, the combined device 6 for drainage and irrigation of a green roof 1 combines in a non-obvious manner the techniques, knowledge and expertise of specialists, on the one hand, in drainage and, on the other hand, in irrigation, with a view to ensuring the best possible retention of water by absorption of a quantity necessary and sufficient for the impregnation of the substrate 4 for the good growth of the plants, as well as the evacuation of water in excessive quantities.

[0055] To do this, said device 6 firstly comprises a drainage layer 7. The role of this drainage layer 7 is to collect and evacuate runoff water when it is found in excessive quantities within the substrate or when it passes through it, as is the case during bad weather, in particular heavy rain.

[0056] Said drainage layer 7 is provided with an absorption or so-called “absorbent” sheet 70. It is located in the lower part of the drainage layer 7, i.e. above in contact with the sealing layer 3. Said absorption sheet 70 makes it possible to retain the water and distribute it to different locations, as detailed below. Said drainage layer 7 is also provided with a filtration, or so-called "filtering", sheet 71 covering said absorption sheet 70. This filtration sheet 71 ensures both the flow of water from the substrate 4, and the retention of the components of said substrate 4. The filtration sheet 71 is therefore intended to be permeable to water, but its density and its composition ensures filtration of particles present in the water and likely to be transported by the flow of water in a gravitational manner occurring naturally from the top to the bottom through the green roof 1. The characteristics of the filtration sheet 71 can be determined according to the particle size of the particles to be filtered, as well as their composition, as for certain pollutants or atmospheric gas condensates.

[0057] According to one embodiment, the drainage sheet 70 may be made of any type of material, preferably a woven or non-woven composite, such as a geotextile, in particular based on embossed polypropylene or polyethylene.

[0058] Preferably, the drainage sheet 70 comprises a non-geotextile material woven, preferably felt type, in particular polypropylene or polyethylene.

[0059] This material can be in the form of felt, ensuring water retention, in particular of 8 to 12 liters per square meter (1 / m2), preferably approximately 10 1 / m2.

[0060] According to one embodiment, the filtration sheet 71 may be made of any type of material, preferably a geotextile, similar to the material of said drainage sheet 70.

[0061] However, the materials of the sheets 70, 71 may have a different density and / or thickness.

[0062] According to one embodiment, the drainage sheet 70 is thicker and / or has a higher density than the filtration sheet 71. For example, the drainage sheet 70 may have a density of 250 to 500 grams per square meter (g / m2), preferably 250 g / m2, while the density of the filtration sheet 71 may be 100 to 300 g / m2, preferably 150 g / m2.

[0063] The drainage layer 7 also comprises at least two drains 72, positioned between the absorption sheet 70 and the filtration sheet 71. These drains 72 are in tubular form. They can be made of any type of material, rigid or semi-rigid (i.e. flexible). Preferably, the drains 72 are made of plastic or composite material, in particular high-density polyethylene, or PVC for “Polyvinyl Chloride”.

[0064] According to one embodiment, the drains have a diameter of between 10 and 50 millimeters (mm), preferably a diameter of 16 mm.

[0065] The drains 72 ensure internal flow towards one and / or the other of their ends. These drains 72 have water permeability characteristics, allowing the passage of water from the outside to the inside, but limiting the extraction of water in the opposite direction.

[0066] For example, the drains 72 may comprise a permeable peripheral wall in the upper part and / or in the lateral parts, while the lower part resting on the absorption sheet 70 is impermeable. These may be pipes perforated on the top with orifices at regular or irregular intervals, of determined diameters and profiles. Preferably, the drains 72 have a diameter of 16 or 20 millimeters (mm).

[0067] According to a preferred embodiment, the drains 72 are arranged parallel, or substantially parallel to each other depending on their rigidity.

[0068] Further on, the drainage layer 7 also comprises a pipe 73 for the flow of water from the absorption layer 70, namely water absorbed and recovered by the drains 72. To do this, at least one end of said drains 72 is connected to said pipe 73. In other words, the ends of the drains 72 located on one side and / or the other side of the green roof 1 are connected to a corresponding pipe 73, ensuring the flow of the water thus collected along the drains 72 towards one and / or the other of said sides connected to said pipe 73. [Fig. 3] shows an exemplary embodiment with a single pipe 73 positioned at a single end of the drains 72, visually located at the top of said [Fig. 3]. The opposite ends can then be closed.

[0069] Furthermore, the drains 72 may comprise a slope, in particular by raising or leveling carried out before the installation of the drainage layer 7, for example directly at the levels of zone 2 of the building. According to the exemplary embodiment of [Fig. 3], the drains 72 then have a downward slope extending visually from the bottom to the top of said [Fig. 3], towards the side where the pipe 73 is located.

[0070] Advantageously, the invention provides for combining drainage with irrigation directly incorporated in the drainage layer 7. The irrigation is then located under the substrate, supplying it with water from below.

[0071] To do this, the combined drainage and filtration device 6 comprises a drip irrigation system 8 provided with at least one network of tubes 80. These tubes 80 are in tubular form. They can be made of any type of material, rigid or semi-rigid (i.e. flexible). Preferably, the tubes 80 can be made of plastic or composite material, in particular high or low density polyethylene.

[0072] Furthermore, said network is located between the absorption layer 70 and the filtration layer 71. In other words, the tubes 80 are enclosed between the layers 70, 71.

[0073] Therefore, said network is also positioned between said two drains 72. In other words, the tubes 80 are distributed between the drains 72, according to a determined configuration.

[0074] According to one embodiment, at least one tube 80 is positioned between two adjacent drains 72, preferably a single tube 80 is placed between two adjacent drains 72.

[0075] According to one embodiment, the tubes 80 are arranged parallel, or substantially parallel, to each other depending on their rigidity.

[0076] In the case of parallel drains 72 also, the tubes 80 are then arranged parallel to each other and to said drains 72.

[0077] According to one embodiment, when said at least two drains 72 extend in parallel, each tube 80 of said network can be positioned equidistant from said at least two drains 72.

[0078] In the case of a single tube 80, it is then at an equal distance from the two drains 72 located on either side.

[0079] According to one embodiment, the tubes 80 of the network are spaced apart at a spacing 100 of between 30 and 70 centimeters (cm), preferably at a spacing 100 of 45 cm. In other words, between two tubes 80, separated or not by a drain 72, the lateral spacing 100 is 30 to 70 cm, preferably a spacing of 45 cm.

[0080] Such a spacing 100 is notably represented in [Fig.3].

[0081] Relatedly, between a drain 72 and a tube 80, the distance 102 may be 20 to 50 cm, preferably around twenty or thirty centimeters.

[0082] Similarly, the distance 103 between two drains 72 can be between 50 and 150 cm, preferably 100 cm.

[0083] Further, such a configuration may be different at the longitudinal edges of the device 6, namely the edges extending in the direction of the drains 72 and / or the tubes 80.

[0084] According to one embodiment, along at least one longitudinal edge 9 parallel to said two drains 72, preferably along each of the longitudinal edges 9, said network comprises at least one end tube 81, located between said longitudinal edge 9 and one of said two drains 72 located closest to said longitudinal edge 9. In short, the end tube 81 is the tube 80 located closest to a longitudinal edge 9 of the device 6.

[0085] According to a preferred embodiment, said end tube 81 is positioned at a distance 101 of at least 10 cm from said longitudinal edge 9, in particular at a distance 101 of between 10 and 45 cm from said longitudinal edge 9, preferably at a distance 101 of 30 cm from said longitudinal edge 9.

[0086] Such a distance 101 makes it possible in particular to obtain a width of the portion of the sheets 70, 71 sufficient for covering the edges 9 of two contiguous devices 6. Furthermore, in this configuration of joining two devices 6, two end tubes 81 are then adjacent, without drain 72 between them, the additional portion of the sheets 70, 71 makes it possible to store the additional quantity of water due to these two end tubes 81 side by side.

[0087] Furthermore, due to the respective positions of the drains 72 and the tubes 80, the filtration sheet 71 is in contact with the absorption sheet 70 between the drains 72 and the tubes 80.

[0088] According to one embodiment, the absorption sheet 70 and the filtration sheet 71 are secured at their contact, in particular by a needling technique, ensuring that the drains 72 and the tubes 80, 81 are held with said sheets 70, 71 and making the device 6 integral.

[0089] Let us recall that the needling technique, or "needling", consists of passing tufts of threads through a weft by means of a hook, so as to form a felt.

[0090] In the present context, the needling of the two sheets 70, 71 makes it possible to connect them together, while retaining the characteristics of geotextile felt.

[0091] [Fig.4] shows in particular a needling zone 11 in contact with the plies 70, 71.

[0092] Furthermore, the longitudinal edges 9 of the device 6 can be needled so as to easily allow the sheets 70, 71 to be manually separated from each other, in particular to facilitate the interweaving of the corresponding edges 9 when covering two contiguous devices 6.

[0093] Furthermore, one or more devices 6 may be rolled up after manufacture, forming a rolled-up cylinder along a longitudinal axis, with the drains 72 and the tubes 80, 81 along the length. Rolled up, the devices 6 can be easily transported and stored, and finally be deployed by rapid unrolling, in strips over the zone 2 of the building to be covered.

[0094] According to one embodiment, in the direction of the longitudinal edge 9, a device 6 may comprise a length of approximately one to two meters, preferably approximately 1 m.

[0095] According to different embodiments, a device 6 may comprise a single pre-sized device 6, depending on the needs and industrial production capacities, in particular a device 6 of 1.1 x 25 meters (m) or of 3.3 x 25 m.

[0096] In a related manner, it is also possible to connect several devices 6 end to end, depending on their length. This connection by abutment may include a step of joining the drains 72 and the tubes 80, 81, in order to connect the flow and the irrigation system 8.

[0097] In this respect, irrigation is carried out by drip irrigation through the tubes 80, 81. The use of drip irrigation makes it possible to obtain regular wetting of the water tables 70, 71 and therefore of the substrate 4. This technique requires a knowledge of dimensioning mastered in plant production systems (nursery or market gardening) as well as in the landscape. The know-how lies in the dimensioning of the drip irrigation to provide the right quantity of water to the plants 5, depending on the variety and the height of the substrate 4. In addition, the positioning of the drip irrigation must be optimal in relation to the drains 72, to prevent the irrigation water from returning to the drain 72. In addition, the dimensioning of the thickness of the water tables 70, 71 must make it possible to store a significant quantity of water to ensure controlled humidity of the substrate 4.

[0098] To do this, according to one embodiment, said irrigation system 8 comprises nozzles 82 positioned on said tubes 80, 81. These nozzles 82 are sized to allow a regular supply of water, depending on the needs of the plants 5. Such a distribution of the water supplied by the irrigation is in particular subject to a flow rate and pressure calculation note, specific to each site.

[0099] According to one embodiment, the nozzles 82 deliver a flow rate of approximately 1 to 3 liters of water per hour (1 / h), preferably said nozzles 82 comprise a determined flow rate, between 1.1 and 2.3 1 / h, preferably in particular approximately 1.6 1 / h.

[0100] According to one embodiment, the nozzles 82 can be provided adjustable, in order to increase or decrease the flow rate. This adjustment, carried out during the manufacture of the device 6, can be configured according to the location of the device 6 in the zone 2 of the building. In particular, it is possible to reduce the flow rate of the nozzles 82 located on the end tubes 81 intended to be adjacent when covering two devices 6.

[0101] According to one embodiment, the irrigation system 8 can be equipped with water supply management, this management being programmable and autonomous. Such management makes it possible to modify the flow rate within the irrigation system 8, or even to cut it off or start it up. The programming can be combined with sensors, in particular hygrometric sensors, arranged within the substrate 4, as well as at the level of one and / or the other of the layers 70, 71.

[0102] Furthermore, the nozzles 82 can be equipped with an anti-siphon system, in order to prevent any entry of impurities which could create blockages.

[0103] According to one embodiment, said nozzles 82 are spaced at regular intervals 110, in particular at an interval 110 of between 10 and 100 cm, preferably at an interval 110 of around thirty centimeters, specifically an interval 110 of 33 cm.

[0104] According to one embodiment, the ends of two adjacent tubes 80, 81 are connected to each other on one side, while on the opposite side the other ends of each of said two tubes 80, 81 are connected to other contiguous tubes 80, forming a single network, in particular winding within said device 6 between the layers 70, 71.

[0105] According to one embodiment, the adjacent ends of two tubes 80, 81 are connected to each other by a supply tube 83, said network being connected to a water supply 84.

[0106] According to a preferred configuration, as visible in [Fig. 3], the device 6 comprises two supply tubes 83 connecting the ends of the tubes 80, 81. Each supply tube 83 is then connected to the water supply 84, namely the same or different sources, in particular coming from a distribution network.

[0107] In this respect, according to one embodiment, the device 6 comprises a means for recovering and storing the water drained by the drains 72. The pipe 73 is then connected to said storage means.

[0108] In addition, the water supply is connected to said recovery and storage means. In other words, the tubes 80,81 are supplied by the recovery drained water, reducing water losses and consumption from the distribution network. Thus, water from drainage during the rains can be stored and used during periods of drought for irrigation.

[0109] Thus, the invention provides a combined drainage and irrigation device 6 ensuring both efficient drainage of water under plant covers, as well as regulated irrigation in the case of water deficit, providing optimization of the water supply necessary for the proper development of the plants planted in the vegetated roof 1.

Claims

Claims

1. Combined drainage and irrigation device (6) for a green roof (1), comprising a drainage layer (7) provided with: - an absorption sheet (70), - a filtration sheet (71) covering said absorption sheet (70), - at least two drains (72), positioned between the absorption sheet (70) and the filtration sheet (71), - a pipe (73) for draining water from the absorption sheet (70), at least one end of said drains (72) being connected to said pipe (73), characterized in that it comprises - a drip irrigation system (8) provided with at least one network of tubes (80); - said network being located between the absorption sheet (70) and the filtration sheet (71) and positioned between said two drains (72), the filtration sheet (71) being in contact with the absorption sheet (70) between the drains (72) and the tubes (80).

2. Combined drainage and irrigation device (6) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that - said at least two drains (72) extend in parallel, - each tube (80) of said network being positioned equidistant from said at least two drains (72).

3. Combined drainage and irrigation device (6) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises - at least one longitudinal edge (9) parallel to said two drains (72), said network comprising - at least one end tube (81), located between said longitudinal edge (9) and one of said two drains (72) located closest to said longitudinal edge (9).

4. Combined drainage and irrigation device (6) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that said end tube (81) is positioned at a distance of at least 10 cm from said longitudinal edge (9), in particular at a distance of between 10 and 45 cm from said longitudinal edge (9), preferably at a distance of 30 cm from said longitudinal edge (9).

5. Combined drainage and irrigation device (6) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tubes (80) of the network are spaced apart at a spacing of between 30 and 70 cm, preferably at a spacing of 45 cm.

6. Combined drainage and irrigation device (6) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that - said irrigation system (8) comprises nozzles (82) positioned on said tubes, - said nozzles (82) are spaced at regular intervals, in particular at an interval of between 10 and 100 cm, preferably at an interval of between 10 and 50 cm, more preferably at an interval of around thirty centimeters, even more preferably at an interval of 33 cm.

7. Combined drainage and irrigation device (6) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that said nozzles (82) comprise a determined flow rate, in particular between 1.1 and 2.3 liters per hour, preferably 1.6 liters per hour.

8. Combined drainage and irrigation device (6) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ends of two adjacent tubes (80) are connected to each other on one side, while on the opposite side the other ends of each of said two tubes (80) are connected to other contiguous tubes, forming a single network.

9. Combined drainage and irrigation device (6) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the absorption sheet (70) and / or the filtration sheet (71) comprises a non-woven geotextile material, preferably of the felt type, in particular made of polypropylene or polyethylene.

10. Combined drainage and irrigation device (6) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the absorption sheet (70) and the filtration sheet (71) are secured at their contact, in particular by a needling technique.

11. Combined drainage and irrigation device (6) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the adjacent ends of two tubes (80) are connected to each other by a supply tube (83), said network being connected to a water supply (84).

12. Combined drainage and irrigation device (6) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that it comprises - a means of recovering and storing water drained by the drains (72), - said pipe (73) being connected to said recovery and storage means, - the water supply (84) being connected to said recovery and storage means.

13. Green roof (1) covering a building, comprising - a layer (3) of sealing of an area (2) of the building, - a growth substrate (4) deployed on said sealing layer (3), - plants (5) planted on the surface and within said substrate (4), characterized in that it comprises - between the sealing layer (3) and the substrate (4), at least one combined drainage and irrigation device (6) according to any one of the preceding claims.

14. Green roof (1) covering a building according to the preceding claim, characterized in that it comprises - at least two combined drainage and irrigation devices (6) positioned over all or part of said area (2) of said building, - the adjacent edges of said two devices (6) being positioned overlapping each other.

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