Stator of a rotating electrical machine

Abstract

Title of the invention: Stator of a rotating electrical machine. The present invention relates to a stator (4) of a rotating electrical machine (1) in which at least one slot (22) comprises a receiving area (220) for conductive elements and a neck (221) extending the receiving area (220) towards the inner periphery (20) of the stator body (14), the receiving area (220) having a stop face (222) preventing the disengagement of the conductive elements in the orthoradial direction of the inner periphery (20), the neck (221) having a width, measured in an orthoradial direction, which is variable over at least a portion of the distance between the stop face (222) and the inner periphery (20). Abstract figure: Figure 4

Description

Title of the invention: Stator of a rotating electrical machine

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of rotating electrical machines and more particularly to the field of wound stators present in these rotating electrical machines.

[0002] In general, a rotating electrical machine comprises a rotor movable in rotation and fixed to a drive shaft and a fixed stator around which, or within which, the rotor is capable of rotating.

[0003] The stator comprises a body and an electrical winding. The body of the stator forms a part of revolution consisting of a stack of thin sheets along an axis of revolution of the stator, the body being provided with a plurality of teeth forming notches two by two sized to receive conductive elements of the electrical winding. The internal radial end of each tooth forms a tooth root, each tooth root being able in particular to be configured to retain the conductive elements of the electrical winding inside their corresponding notch once in position.

[0004] In an electric motor, the circulation of a current in the electrical winding of the stator participates in the generation of a rotating magnetic field effect circulating in the metal body of the stator, and the rotor, equipped with a magnetic element, such as for example a winding or permanent magnets, is capable of rotating inside the stator by electromagnetic drive. Reversibly, a mechanical rotational movement of the rotor equipped with a magnetic element can generate the creation, via an electromagnetic interaction with the wound stator, of an electric current in the conductive elements of the electrical winding.

[0005] The electrical winding is organized into phase windings which pass through the stator axially in the slots and which form connections at the axial ends of the stator to form a continuity of the winding from one slot to the other. These windings may in particular be polyphase windings connected in star or delta, the outputs of which are connected to an inverter which can operate, if necessary, as a rectifier bridge.

[0006] The electromagnetic performance of the rotating electrical machine depends, on the one hand, on the correct positioning of the magnetic components relative to each other and, on the other hand, on the extent of magnetic flux leakage.

[0007] As regards the first point, the designers of a rotating electrical machine must therefore take into account the position of the electrical winding of the stator relative to the rotor, and in particular means are sought to ensure the radial position of the conductive elements forming the electrical winding, at a distance of an air gap formed between the stator and the rotor.

[0008] Concerning the second point, the designers of a rotating electrical machine must in particular limit the quantity of magnetic flux which does not circulate according to a theoretical flux loop passing from the rotor to the stator via an air gap at a first tooth, going around the notch wound in the body of the stator passing from this first tooth to the adjacent tooth via a core of the body arranged opposite the air gap with respect to the notch, and returning towards the rotor via an air gap at this adjacent tooth.

[0009] The present invention falls within this context by proposing a stator for a rotating electrical machine whose configuration of the notches makes it possible both to ensure stable positioning of the conductive elements of the electrical winding inside the notches and to generate a barrier to magnetic flux leaks which does not limit the performance of circulation of the magnetic flux inside the stator.

[0010] The present invention therefore has as its main object a stator for a rotating electrical machine for a motor vehicle intended to surround a rotor of said rotating electrical machine, the stator extending along a longitudinal axis of extension, said stator comprising a body and an electrical winding, said body having an internal periphery intended to face the rotor, said body comprising a plurality of teeth delimiting notches, said notches extending radially inside the body of the stator, from one longitudinal axial end to the other of the body of the stator, the winding comprising conductive elements located in the notches,

[0011] characterized in that at least one notch comprises a zone for receiving the conductive elements and a neck extending the receiving zone towards the internal periphery of the stator body, the receiving zone having a stop face preventing the release of the conductive elements towards the internal periphery, said stop face being orthoradial, the neck having a width, measured in an orthoradial direction, which is variable over at least part of the distance between the stop face and the internal periphery. It should be noted that by variable width of the neck, it is meant a modification of the width other than those which could be generated by the manufacturing tolerances of the stator. This variable width can be obtained either by an average width of a part of the neck different from the average width of another part of the neck, or by an evolving width of one of the parts of the neck as it approaches the rotor, and where appropriate, by both. More particularly, the width of the neck is variable in that it decreases as one approaches the internal periphery of the stator body.

[0012] The stator according to the invention makes it possible in particular to optimize the circulation of the magnetic flux inside the body of the stator and therefore to improve the performance of the rotating electrical machine. The presence of a neck of variable width makes it possible, on the one hand, to form an effective barrier against the leakage of magnetic flux from one tooth to the other without the flux having gone around the slot or without it having passed from the stator to the rotor, and on the other hand to ensure a minimum width at the internal periphery of the stator to optimize the quantity of magnetic flux which can pass from the rotor to the stator and vice versa. Such a neck of variable width can advantageously be combined with the presence of a stop face delimiting the receiving area of ​​the conductive elements inside the slot, which is orthoradial, to ensure the correct positioning of the electrical winding in the stator and avoid movements which could damage an insulator interposed between the conductive elements and the walls delimiting the slot.

[0013] According to an optional characteristic of the invention, the width of the neck is variable in the sense that it gradually decreases from the bearing face of the receiving zone towards the internal periphery.

[0014] According to an optional characteristic of the invention, the neck comprises a widening part, the width of which is variable, and an opening part, opening onto the internal periphery.

[0015] In other words, the notch opens onto the internal periphery of the stator, via a slot of which at least part is of variable width, this slot forming the neck.

[0016] According to an optional characteristic of the invention, the opening portion of the neck has a constant width.

[0017] According to an optional characteristic of the invention, the neck has a widening portion, the width of which is variable, from the abutment face of the receiving zone to a portion of the body of the stator interposed between the neck and the internal periphery.

[0018] In other words, the notch does not open onto the internal periphery.

[0019] According to an optional characteristic of the invention, the widening part is trapezoidal in a plane orthogonal to the longitudinal axis of extension.

[0020] According to an optional characteristic of the invention, the widening portion is, in a plane orthogonal to the longitudinal axis of extension, a portion of a circle.

[0021] According to an optional characteristic of the invention, the width of the neck of a notch, at the level of the abutment face, is less than the corresponding dimension, measured in the same orthoradial direction, of a conductive element present in said notch.

[0022] According to an optional characteristic of the invention, the width of said neck, at the level of the abutment face, is a value of the order of 50% to 80% of the value of the corresponding dimension, measured in the same orthoradial direction, of said conductive element.

[0023] In other words, the notch opens onto the internal periphery of the stator, via a slot of which at least part is of variable width.

[0024] The invention also relates to a rotating electrical machine comprising a rotor and a stator as mentioned above, the inner periphery of the stator and an outer periphery of the rotor being arranged so as to form an air gap between them.

[0025] According to an optional characteristic of the invention, the conductive elements consist of segments electrically connected to each other at the longitudinal axial ends of the stator.

[0026] Other characteristics, details and advantages of the invention will appear more clearly on reading the description which follows and the exemplary embodiments given for informational and non-limiting purposes with reference to the appended drawings, in particular:

[0027] [Fig.l] is a general perspective view of a rotating electrical machine according to the invention;

[0028] [Fig.2] is a perspective view of a stator of the rotating electrical machine of [Fig.l] comprising at least one electrical winding;

[0029] [Fig. 3] is a top view of the stator of [Fig. 2], without the electrical winding, making more particularly visible a plurality of notches formed in a body of the stator and leading to an internal periphery of this body;

[0030] [Fig.4] illustrates a detail of the stator of [Fig.3], without the electrical winding, but this time with the rotor of the rotating electrical machine and the air gap arranged between the rotor and the stator, which makes more particularly visible a notch shape specific to the invention, according to a first embodiment;

[0031] [Fig.5] illustrates the detail of the stator of [Fig.4], with the notch according to the first embodiment, and conductive winding elements as well as an electrical insulator arranged between these conductive elements and the walls delimiting the notch;

[0032] [Fig.6] is a view similar to that of [Fig.5], with a notch according to a second embodiment;

[0033] [Fig.7] is a view similar to that of [Fig.5], with a notch according to a third embodiment;

[0034] [Fig.8] is a simplified representation of [Fig.6], without the electrical insulation and the section lines, on which the dimensional characteristics specific to the invention are indicated;

[0035] [Fig.9] is a simplified representation of [Fig.6], without the electrical insulation and the section lines, on which other dimensional characteristics specific to the invention are pointed out.

[0036] The features, variations and different embodiments of the invention may be combined with each other, in various combinations, to the extent where they are not incompatible or mutually exclusive. In particular, variants of the invention may be imagined comprising only a selection of features described below, independently of the other features described, if this selection of features is sufficient to confer a technical advantage and / or to differentiate the invention from the state of the art.

[0037] In the figures, the elements common to several figures retain the same reference.

[0038] As a reminder, the invention relates to a particular arrangement, within a stator of a rotating electrical machine, of a notch for receiving an electrical winding which makes it possible to optimize the electromagnetic performance of this rotating electrical machine.

[0039] The invention, which will be described in more detail below, is particularly applicable to rotating electrical machines, such as that illustrated in the exploded view of [Fig.l], which can for example be used as an electric motor for a vehicle.

[0040] For this purpose, the rotating electrical machine 1 comprises, inside a casing 2 here formed of two shells capable of fitting against each other, a rotor / stator assembly. More particularly, the rotor / stator assembly, here with an internal rotor, comprises a stator 4, which is equipped with an electrical winding 6 capable of being connected by a connector 8 adapted to an electrical network, and a rotor 10 capable of rotating inside the stator and fixed to a shaft 12 which extends along a longitudinal axis of extension X. The rotor 10 comprises magnetic elements, for example permanent magnets, capable of interacting with a rotating magnetic field created by the power supply of the electrical winding 6.

[0041] The stator 4, more particularly visible in Figures 2 and 3, comprises a body 14 formed by a stack of superimposed sheets along an axis of revolution R of the stator, parallel to the longitudinal extension axis X of the rotating electrical machine mentioned above. In the description, the terms radial and axial refer to the axis of revolution R of the stator 4 and / or to the longitudinal extension axis X, and the notions of interior and exterior also refer to these axes, an interior surface of a part of the rotating electrical machine being closer to the axis of revolution than an exterior surface of this same part.

[0042] The body 14 of the stator 4 comprises at least one core 15 which extends around the axis of revolution R of the stator 4, and from which a plurality of teeth 16 are formed, visible in [Fig. 3]. Each tooth 16 extends radially towards the axis of revolution of the stator and the free end of each of the teeth, forming a root 18 facing towards the inside of the stator, participates in the delimitation of an internal periphery 20 of the body 14 of the stator. The plurality of teeth 16 also makes it possible to delimit a plurality of notches 22 in pairs. More precisely, two adjacent teeth 16 delimit a notch 22 of the stator body, each of the notches being intended to receive conductive elements 24 of the electrical winding 6 of the stator 4 as illustrated in [Fig.2],

[0043] The notches 22, more particularly visible in Figures 4 and 5, each comprise two side walls 26 which extend radially and a bottom wall 28 which connects the two side walls 26 at the core 15, that is to say which connects the external radial ends of the two side walls. Opposite the bottom wall, on the side of the internal radial ends of the two side walls, each notch 22 opens onto a neck 221 which is particular according to the invention in that, opening or not onto the internal periphery 20 of the stator body, it has at least one portion whose width is variable, as will be described in more detail in Figures 4 to 9.

[0044] The conductive elements 24 pass axially through the stator and are arranged in radial alignment inside the slot, the ends of these conductive elements being connected to the ends of the conductive elements passing axially through the stator in another slot to form a continuous winding. These conductive elements are in particular rigid segments each forming a branch of a U-shaped axis, so that one end of each conductive element is connected to the other branch of the axis at one longitudinal axial end of the stator, the other end being welded to a conductive element of another axis at the other longitudinal axial end of the stator 4.

[0045] Such a configuration of the conductive elements makes it possible in particular to insert the conductive elements 24 axially into the notches 22, which makes it possible to provide an average width of the neck 221 less than the corresponding dimension of the conductive elements 24 in order to enclose them in the notch 22.

[0046] Such a rotating electrical machine 1 is assembled in such a way that the inner periphery 20 of the stator 4 extends a short distance from an outer periphery 11 of the rotor 10, with an air gap 13 of radial dimension allowing the rotation of the rotor inside the stator but allowing the propagation of a magnetic field forming loops around the notches and passing from the stator to the rotor.

[0047] [Fig. 4] partially illustrates a notch 22, in the vicinity of the internal periphery 20, so that the bottom wall is not visible in this figure. The notch 22 is here devoid of the electrical winding 6, in order to make the different parts of the notch more particularly visible.

[0048] The notch 22 comprises a receiving zone 220, configured to receive conductive elements of the electrical winding and an insulator disposed between the walls of the notch and the conductive elements, and the neck 221 mentioned above, which extends the receiving zone 220 towards the internal periphery 20. In the example illustrated in [Fig. 4], the neck 221 opens onto the internal periphery 20, but as will be illustrated in figures 7 and 8, this neck 221 can be closed.

[0049] According to the invention, the neck 221 comprises at least one portion of variable width. In other words, at least one portion of said neck has a dimension, measured in a direction perpendicular to the radial direction along which the notch 22 extends, which varies along this radial direction. More particularly, the width is variable in the sense that it decreases as it approaches the inner periphery of the stator body.

[0050] In the example illustrated in [Fig.4], the neck 221 comprises a first portion whose width is variable and a second portion whose width is constant, the first portion leading to the receiving zone and the second portion leading to the internal periphery. The first portion forms a widening portion 223 and the second portion forms an opening portion 224.

[0051] As can also be seen in [Fig. 4], the stator of the invention has the particularity that, combined with the variable width of the neck, the receiving zone 220 has a stop face 222 which extends substantially perpendicular to the side walls 26 delimiting the receiving zone of the notch 22. This stop face extends parallel to the bottom wall of the notch mentioned above and has the function of preventing the disengagement of the conductive elements 24 from the electrical winding towards the inside of the stator body, in the direction of the rotor. The stop face 222 is here orthoradial, perpendicular to the radial direction of extension of the notch, to form a flat bearing surface for the conductive elements. As can be seen in FIGS.5 to 7, this abutment face 222 also forms a bearing surface for the electrical insulator 25, which aims to prevent short circuits between the body of the stator and the conductive elements of the electrical winding. This electrical insulator 25 may in particular be in the form of a sheet of insulating paper, for example based on polyester, which is given a shape substantially complementary to that of the zone for receiving the notch.

[0052] The neck 221 emerges at the center of the abutment face 222, having a width less than that of the abutment face 222, so that two bearing portions 225 are formed on either side of the opening formed by the neck 221 in the orthoradial abutment face 222.

[0053] The neck 221 serves to prevent magnetic flux leakage and to ensure that the magnetic flux forms a loop passing from the stator to the rotor and bypassing the winding in the slot, ensuring that the winding in the slot cannot slip towards the rotor.

[0054] More particularly, the neck 221 forms a narrowing of the passage section of the notch, in the direction of the internal periphery 20 of the stator, to ensure that the conductive elements are well blocked in the notch 22. The arrangement or thoradial of the abutment face 222 makes it possible to ensure a surface perpendicular to the direction of release of the conductive elements towards the inside of the stator, which in particular makes it possible to prevent the internal conductive element 24 of the winding from sliding towards the inside of the stator along the abutment face, pinching the electrical insulation 25 and damaging it.

[0055] The neck 221 advantageously forms, between the orthoradial abutment face 222 and the inner periphery 20 of the rotor, a clearance of metallic material which prevents the magnetic flux from propagating from one tooth 16 to the other, between the air gap 13 and the notch 22, which represents a leakage which it is desired to minimize in order to optimize the magnetic flux circulating around the electrical winding and passing through the rotor. The clearance of material thus forms a flux barrier. Having a variable width makes it possible to combine the existence of a clearance of material sufficiently wide to be effective against a radial passage of magnetic flux directly from one tooth root 18 to the other between the notch 22 and the inner periphery 20, and a large surface area of ​​material at the inner periphery 20 which optimizes the quantity of magnetic flux passing axially through the air gap 13 between the rotor and the stator.

[0056] In the stator according to the invention, the narrow opening portion 224 makes it possible to have this large surface area of ​​material at the level of the internal periphery 20 and the widening portion 223, the width of which increases with the distance from the air gap 13, makes it possible to increase the effectiveness of the barrier against leaks of flow from one dental root 18 to the other.

[0057] Furthermore, the configuration of the neck 221 makes it possible to ensure a minimum distance between the internal conductive element 24 and the rotor. The radial dimension of the neck 221 and in particular the sum of the radial dimensions of the widening portion 223 and the opening portion 224 are then considered so that the internal conductive element can be pushed sufficiently far from the internal periphery 20 of the stator.

[0058] Furthermore, and in combination with the preceding dimensional characteristics, the radial dimension of the opening portion 224 must have a minimum value, in particular for reasons of industrial feasibility. The body 14 of the stator is obtained by stacking layers superimposed on each other along the longitudinal dimension, each layer being obtained by stamping. In this context, the opening portion 224 must have a minimum value so that the dental roots 18 formed by the presence of this opening portion 224 are sufficiently strong.

[0059] [Fig. 5] illustrates a first embodiment of the notch, with the neck 221 which was illustrated in [Fig. 4]. The electrical insulator 25 rests on the abutment face 222, being pressed against this abutment face by the conductive elements 24 and in particular by the internal conductive element 24, that is to say the conductive element closest to the internal periphery 20 of the body 14.

[0060] The radial dimension of the neck 221 as a whole, from the abutment face 222 to the internal periphery 20 of the stator, is of the order of 2 mm, in particular to ensure a minimum distance of the order of 3 mm between the rotor and the internal conductive element 24 present in the notch 22.

[0061] The width of the neck 221 is variable in that it decreases progressively from the abutment face 222 of the receiving zone 220, to form the widening portion 223. More particularly, in the embodiment illustrated in [Fig. 5], the width of the neck 221 decreases linearly, so as to form an inclined plane between the abutment face 222 and the opening portion 224 which extends the widening portion to the internal periphery 20. In a plane orthogonal to the longitudinal axis of extension X, that is to say in a section plane as illustrated in [Fig. 5], the widening portion 223 has a trapezoidal profile.

[0062] The opening portion 224 of the neck 221 has a width L224 which is here constant and less than the average width of the widening portion 223.

[0063] By way of example, the opening portion 224 has a width L224 of the order of 0.5 mm. It could, without departing from the context of the invention, have a minimum value of 0.4 mm and a maximum value of 1.5 mm. And the variable width L223 of the widening portion 223 is in this case such that it varies from the width of the opening portion, at the junction with the latter, for example 0.5 mm, to the maximum width that it takes at the abutment face 222, for example 2 mm.

[0064] As mentioned, the minimum value of the width of the opening portion 224 must be respected to avoid obtaining fragile dental roots 18, while the maximum value of this width of the opening portion 224 must not be exceeded to ensure a sufficiently large surface area of ​​the internal periphery 20 for the passage of the magnetic flux between the rotor and the stator through the air gap 13. The maximum width of the widening portion 223 at the abutment face 222, which may vary depending on the width of the corresponding notch 22, must be respected to ensure the maintenance of a sufficient bearing portion 225 for the support of the internal conductive element 24 on the abutment face 222 of the notch.

[0065] In a non-limiting embodiment of the invention, considering the neck 221 in the plane of [Fig.5] perpendicular to the axis of revolution of the stator, the widening portion 223 can be delimited by walls inclined, relative to the radial dimension of the notch 22, by an angle of the order of 30° to 50°.

[0066] In other words, in this first embodiment, the notch 22 opens onto the internal periphery 20 of the body 14, via a slot of which a part, here the widening portion 223, is of variable width, this variability being formed by an inclined plane. Such an embodiment may be preferred in particular for the ease of construction of the inclined plane.

[0067] A second embodiment is illustrated in [Fig. 6] and differs from what has been described previously by the shape of the widening portion. In particular, in the same plane orthogonal to the longitudinal extension axis X as previously, the widening portion 223 this time has the shape of a portion of a circle whose radius is of the order of 1 mm, the center of this portion of a circle being able in particular to be positioned in the plane of the abutment face 222.

[0068] Such an embodiment may be preferred for its electromagnetic efficiency, due to the fact that at the junction between the widening portion 223 and the opening portion 224, the width L223 of the widening portion 223 increases more rapidly than in the embodiment of a widening portion formed by an inclined plane. The performance of the barrier against magnetic flux leakage is therefore increased. Here again, a minimum value of the width of the opening portion 224 must be respected for reasons of feasibility of the layers of the stator 4 without causing fragility of the dental roots 18.

[0069] A third embodiment is illustrated in [Fig.7] and differs from what has been described previously in that the neck 221 only comprises a widening portion 223 of variable width, said widening portion 223 not opening onto the internal periphery 20 of the body 14. In other words, a part of the body 14 of the stator is interposed between the neck 221 and the internal periphery 20 of the body of the stator.

[0070] This simplifies the cutting by stamping of the layers of the stator 4 since no notch opens onto the internal periphery 20 of the body 14 and the roots of the teeth are therefore not formed opposite the notches 22.

[0071] FIGS. 8 and 9 illustrate the dimensional characteristics of the body 14 according to the invention, and more particularly the dimensional characteristics of the neck 221, in relation to the dimensions of the electrical winding 6 intended to be housed in the corresponding notch 22.

[0072] It should be noted that these dimensional features are illustrated with reference to the second embodiment of the notch, with a neck 221 having a curved profile, but that, unless otherwise indicated, these features can be applied to the other embodiments of the notch.

[0073] More particularly, [Fig. 8] shows that the width of the neck 221 of a notch 22 is less than the corresponding dimension D, measured in the same orthoradial direction, of a conductive element 24 present in this notch 22. The largest value of the width of the neck 221, i.e. the width of the widening portion 223 at the abutment face 222, is less than the width of a conductive element 24, so that the internal conductive element 24 can rest stably on the flat, orthoradial wall forming the abutment face 222. It is thus guaranteed that the element internal conductor 24 can rest on at least one of the two bearing portions 225, with the insulation, not shown here, interposed between the internal conductor element 24 and the abutment face 222. By way of example, the maximum width of the neck 221, at the abutment face 222, is a value of 50% to 80% of the value of the corresponding dimension, measured in the same orthoradial direction, of the internal conductor element 24. In this way, it is ensured that the orthoradial dimension Do of the bearing surface 225 between the internal conductor element 24 and the abutment face 22 is at least equal to 20% of the width of the notch 22, distributed over one and / or the other of the two bearing portions 225.

[0074] [Fig. 9] illustrates more particularly the width differential inside the neck, between the widening portion 223 and the opening portion 224. The width of the neck 221 can therefore be considered as variable for two reasons. On the one hand, the average width of the widening portion 223 is greater than the average width of the opening portion 224. On the other hand, at least the width L223 of the widening portion 223 is variable from one radial end of this portion to the other radial end. More particularly, the width L223 of the widening portion 223 increases as it moves away from the air gap 13, to accentuate the barrier made to the radial passage of the magnetic flux by increasing the quantity of air that the magnetic flux must pass through to pass directly from one tooth 16 to the other.In particular, the average width L223 of the widening portion 223, which can be defined as the average of the width of the widening portion at the abutment surface 222 and the width of the widening portion at the junction with the opening portion 224, is greater than the radial dimension Dr of the air gap 13.

[0075] [Fig. 9] also illustrates the radial dimension of the neck 221, which is defined so that the conductive elements 24 can be pushed outward at a minimum distance Dm from the rotor. The radial dimension of the neck 221 is then calculated so that the sum of the radial dimension Dr224 of the opening portion 224 and the radial dimension Dr223 of the widening portion 223, also taking into account the thickness of the insulation, is at least equal to this minimum distance Dm, which ensures that the radial dimension of the opening portion is sufficient to allow the stamping of the stator layers without damaging the teeth 16 of the stator.

[0076] As is apparent from the present description, the invention achieves the aims it set itself by proposing a stator and an associated rotating electrical machine which make it possible to obtain high electromagnetic performances, without having to fundamentally modify the structure of the stator. The modification made to the shape of the notches and to the slot provided between these notches and the internal periphery of the stator makes it possible to ensure the stability of the conductive elements of the electrical winding, in particular by the presence of an orthoradial support face, and to ensure good transmission of the magnetic flux around the electrical winding by limiting magnetic flux leaks, in particular by the variable shape of the slot.

[0077] The present invention is however not limited to the means and configurations described and illustrated here and also extends to any equivalent means and configuration as well as to any technically effective combination of these means.

Claims

Claims

1. Stator (4) of a rotating electrical machine (1) for a motor vehicle intended to surround a rotor (10) of said rotating electrical machine, the stator (4) extending along a longitudinal extension axis (X), said stator (4) comprising a body (14) and an electrical winding (6), said body (14) having an internal periphery (20) intended to face the rotor (10), said body (14) comprising a plurality of stator teeth (16) delimiting notches (22) extending radially inside the body (14) of the stator (4), from one longitudinal axial end to the other of the body of the stator, the winding (6) comprising conductive elements (24) housed in the notches (22), characterized in that at least one notch (22) comprises a receiving zone (220) for the conductive elements (24) and a neck (221) extending the receiving zone (220) towards the internal periphery (20) of the body (14) of the stator,the receiving area (220) comprises an abutment face (222) preventing disengagement of the conductive elements (24) in the orthoradial direction from the inner periphery (20), the neck (221) having a width, measured in an orthoradial direction, which is variable over at least part of the distance between the abutment face (222) and the inner periphery (20).,

2. Stator according to claim 1, characterized in that the width of the neck (221) is variable in that it gradually decreases from the bearing face (222) of the receiving zone (220) towards the internal periphery (20).

3. Stator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the neck (221) has a widening part (223), the width of which is variable, and an opening part (224), opening onto the internal periphery (20).

4. Stator according to claim 3, characterized in that the opening portion (224) of the neck (221) has a constant width.

5. Stator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the neck (221) has a widening portion (223), the width of which is variable, from the bearing face (222) of the receiving zone (220) to a portion of the body (14) of the stator interposed between the neck (221) and the internal periphery (20).

6. Stator according to one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that the widening part (223) is, in a plane orthogonal to the extension axis longitudinal (X), trapezoidal.

7. Stator according to one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that the widening portion (223) is, in a plane orthogonal to the longitudinal axis of extension (X), a portion of a circle.

8. Stator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the width of the neck (221) of a notch (22), at the level of the abutment face (222), is less than the corresponding dimension, measured in the same orthoradial direction, of a conductive element (24) present in said notch (22).

9. Stator according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the width of said neck (221), at the level of the abutment face (222), is a value of the order of 50% to 80% of the value of the corresponding dimension, measured in the same orthoradial direction, of said conductive element (24).

10. A rotating electrical machine (1) comprising a rotor (10) and a stator (4) according to any one of the preceding claims, the inner periphery (20) of the stator (4) and an outer periphery (11) of the rotor (10) being arranged so as to form an air gap (13) between them.

11. Rotating electrical machine according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the conductive elements (24) consist of pins electrically connected to each other at the longitudinal axial ends of the stator (4).

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