Vehicle glazing with a far infrared transparent insert

Abstract

Vehicle glazing, in particular a windshield, comprising at least one sheet of glass and a hole (10), passing through, an interface part (4) which is integral with the hole (10) and an insert (3) which is mounted in the interface part (4), the insert comprising a part (31) transparent to infrared light rays at a wavelength in a range from 5 to 20 µm, called the transparent part, characterized in that the insert (3) comprises a peripheral part (32), called the fixing part, which is coupled to the transparent part (31) and has the function of removable mounting with the interface part (4). [Fig. 2]

Description

Title of the invention: Vehicle glazing with a far infrared transparent insert

[0001] The invention relates to the integration of driving assistance systems (AD AS) in vehicles and in particular the integration of an infrared camera, thus improving safety. The invention describes in particular a glazing provided with an insert transparent to far infrared rays in order to allow the integration of the infrared camera behind the glazing.

[0002] Today, vehicles are equipped with advanced driver assistance systems (generally referred to by the acronym ADAS meaning "Advanced Driver-Assistance Systems") which assist the driver in his perception of the environment and, for the vehicle, in particular to detect obstacles and react in an automated and anticipated manner in relation to the driver's reflexes. ADAS use several sensor and camera technologies. In particular, these systems include vision cameras in the visible wavelengths (between 0.4 and 0.8 pm), (thermal) cameras in the far infrared between 7 and 15 pm and laser detection sensors, also known as LIDAR, an acronym for the English expression "Light Detection And Ranging" or "laser detection and ranging" (or in French "detection and estimation of the distance by light" or "by laser") which operate in the near infrared (between 0.7 and 2.5 pm)..

[0003] While visible cameras can easily be arranged in several locations in the vehicle, particularly at the windshield, this is not the case for infrared cameras which are arranged near the headlights, behind the bumper, or even on the roof for so-called autonomous vehicles. However, the arrangement at the bumper level has several disadvantages, such as too low detection, the risk of damage or misadjustment in the event of impacts on the bumper, the difficulty of cleaning the sensor and the need to integrate defrosting means.

[0004] Also, the current trend validated and requested by equipment manufacturers is to place driving assistance systems, in particular a thermal camera, in a high position (roof or behind the windshield). However, the integration of a thermal camera inside the vehicle can be prevented by the absorption of infrared light rays by a vehicle window. Indeed, the transmission rate of a light ray through a windshield is typically less than 50% for a wavelength of the light ray greater than 0.8 pm. It is therefore known for a windshield to create a hole to arrange an insert formed by a material transparent to far infrared light rays, as described in the patent application WO2022 / 023650. Thus, infrared light rays can pass through the windshield through the insert, so as to be detected by a thermal infrared camera arranged inside the vehicle. In order to ensure a seal of the windshield through the hole and for fixing the insert, a ring of flexible material is arranged between the insert and the windshield glazing by being glued to the wall delimiting the hole in the glazing, said ring forming a seal.

[0005] The glazing of the prior art nevertheless has high maintenance costs and its recycling can be improved.

[0006] The invention therefore aims to propose a glazing which does not have the aforementioned drawbacks, in particular which makes it possible to reduce the maintenance costs of a glazing and whose recycling can be facilitated.

[0007] The invention therefore relates to a vehicle glazing, in particular a windshield, comprising at least one sheet of glass and a hole, passing through (in the thickness of the glazing), an interface part which is integral with the hole and an insert which is mounted in the interface part, the insert comprising a part transparent to infrared light rays at a wavelength in a range from 5 to 20 pm (hereinafter referred to as infrared rays) and better from 8 pm to 15 pm, called the transparent part. The insert comprises a peripheral part, called the fixing part, which is coupled to the transparent part (by surrounding all or part of the transparent part) and has the function of removable (or even sealed) mounting with the interface part (to removably (or even sealed) fix the insert in the hole).

[0008] Thus, the removability of the insert allows it to be removed easily and quickly, for maintenance or replacement alone (for example in the event of a chip or scratches on the transparent insert), or to replace the glazing while keeping the insert (if the insert is recoverable, this avoids having to discard it). This saves on maintenance costs. Recycling the entire glazing that incorporates the insert is possible and facilitated since the insert can be separated. In addition, it is convenient to dismantle the transparent part of the insert to, if necessary, reprocess its transparent material (polishing, adding a coating, etc.) in the event of loss of performance over time. If the insert becomes a point of regular inspection and maintenance of the vehicle, it will be easy to dismantle it to carry out all checks. Furthermore, it is possible to change the insert (the composition of the transparent material, its possible coatings, its shape (curved, flat, etc.) depending on the type of thermal camera (its specificities) or the use case. Finally, dismantling the insert makes the inside of the hole accessible in case it is necessary to intervene on the defrosting system operational on the transparent material of the insert, the defrosting system being able to be associated with the hole or the insert.

[0009] In the remainder of the description, the term “face of the glazing” means one of the faces main parts of the glazing. The same applies to one side of the transparent part, it is a main side of the transparent part.

[0010] In the remainder of the description, the term "hole" means a hole which passes through the thickness of the glazing (monolithic or laminated) from one outer face to the other opposite inner face of the glazing, the hole being able to be arranged at a distance from the edge of the glazing (and therefore having a closed perimeter) or being at the edge of the glazing such as a notch (and therefore having an open perimeter by opening out - in a plane parallel to the edge of the glazing - towards the outside of the glazing). The hole has a wall which delimits its perimeter which can therefore be closed or open.

[0011] In the remainder of the description, the term "interface piece secured to the glazing" means that the interface piece is securely attached to the inside of the hole in the glazing (it is made secure to the wall of the glazing delimiting the hole) or is securely attached to an element subsequently referred to as a filling element which is inserted between the hole (the wall of the hole) and said interface piece.

[0012] In the remainder of the description, the term “height” means the dimension extending transversely to the main faces of the glazing.

[0013] For any joining (other than removable mounting) of two elements in the glazing, the joining can be done by gluing or by overmolding or by force. Preferably, the joining of the fixing part with the transparent part of the insert is done by overmolding. Preferably, the joining of the interface part with the glazing or with an intermediate element called subsequently a filling element, is done by overmolding.

[0014] According to one feature, the glazing is laminated by comprising two sheets of glass which are bonded to each other by a lamination interlayer, made of polymer material, in particular thermoplastic, for example polyvinyl butyral (PVB), for example clear, and of submillimeter thickness such as at least 0.3 mm thick and in particular 0.38 mm, 0.76 mm or 0.81 mm, the lamination interlayer being single-layer or multi-layer and possibly being acoustic. The glazing preferably comprises at least one sheet of mineral glass, preferably the outer sheet. The glass sheets may be 2.1 mm thick or even 1.6 mm or even less. At least one of the glass sheets may be tinted; and / or the interlayer may be tinted. The glazing could be monolithic. Monolithic glazing consists of a sheet of glass which can be organic glass (PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate acrylic), etc.) or mineral.The glazing comprises its glass sheet or glass sheets which are transparent in the visible and possibly in the near infrared at a wavelength in a range from 0.7 to 2.5 pm.

[0015] The glazing according to the invention may comprise an opaque (masking) layer, in particular an enamel (black, etc.) or an ink (black, etc.) on the lamination interlayer, at a distance or at the edge of the hole (so as to mask a joint, other sensors or cameras for example, a box containing sensors, the infrared (thermal) camera etc.). In particular, it is a peripheral masking frame (enamel, ink etc.) and the hole is within this frame.

[0016] A main face (for example the so-called F2 face) of the glazing may comprise an opaque (masking) layer, in particular an enamel (black, etc.) at a distance from or at the edge of the through hole and / or a main face (for example the so-called F3 or F4 face) of the glazing comprises an opaque (masking) layer, in particular an enamel (black, etc.) at a distance from or at the edge of the through hole.

[0017] It is also possible to provide an opaque, masking layer (black ink or another color) on at least one of the main faces of the lamination interlayer, in particular in PVB, a masking layer at a distance or at the edge of the through hole.

[0018] The infrared (thermal) camera can be in a housing (plastic, metal etc.) fixed to a plate glued to the inner face (F4) of the glazing by an adhesive and fixed to the roof of the vehicle or between the roof and the insert. The plate is optional and the housing can be fixed differently. The housing and / or the plate can be masked by the opaque layer.

[0019] According to one characteristic, the size (radius, equivalent radius or length) of the transparent part of the insert may be at least 5 mm or 1 cm and / or at most 20 cm (insert for several sensors) or 6 cm (insert dedicated to thermal camera). The size of the insert may be adapted to the arrangement behind the transparent part of at least one infrared camera (far infrared, thermal camera) and possibly a LIDAR or near infrared camera and / or a camera in the visible. In particular, the transparent part of the insert is furthermore transparent to the visible and / or near infrared between 0.7 and 5 pm, in particular between 0.7 and 2.5 pm, in particular at 905 nm and 1550 nm.

[0020] According to one characteristic, the transparent part has a section in the plane parallel to the main faces of the glazing, which may correspond to one of the following geometries: circular, oval, oblong, rectangular, square, trapezoidal, quadrilateral. In particular, the transparent part has a section in the plane parallel to the faces of the glazing, the perimeter of which is curved and / or straight lines. The dimensions of the transparent part are in particular a function of the geometry of the transparent part.For example (without being limiting), for a round-shaped section, the transparent part has a radius preferably of at most 5cm or 4cm or 3cm or 2cm, for an oval shape, the smallest radius is at least 1cm and the largest radius is at most 5cm or 4cm or 3cm or 2cm, for an oblong shape, the length is preferably at most 10cm or 8cm or 6cm or 5cm, and in the case of this oblong shape with round ends, the radius of curvature (at the ends) is preferably at most 5cm or 4cm, and for a trapezoidal shape with a . large base and a small base, the large base is preferably at most 20 cm or 15 cm or 8 cm and / or the small base is preferably at most 15 cm or 10 cm or 5 cm and the height separating the large base from the small base is preferably at most 8 cm or 6 cm or 4 cm.

[0021] The transparent part may have a constant cross-section depending on the thickness of the insert (dimension parallel to the thickness of the glazing and transverse to the faces of the glazing). However, depending on the type of assembly and cooperation with the interface part of the glazing, the cross-section of the transparent part may be variable, the cross-section being able to be trapezoidal in shape, converging towards the inside of the hole (and towards the internal sheet of the glazing). This makes it possible to provide sufficient space laterally so that retaining means with which the insert is equipped, in particular when they are clips, can cooperate with -the inside of the wall of- the interface part (in particular can cooperate with retaining means with which the interface part is equipped, arranged in the wall of said interface part), and to facilitate disassembly, in particular unclipping.

[0022] In particular, the clips are located and spaced, in particular around (the section of) the fixing part, and there are at least two of them.

[0023] The edge of the transparent part of the insert is not necessarily smooth. The fixing part and the transparent part may have elements with complementary shapes configured to block movement of the transparent part relative to the fixing part in a direction normal to the surface of the glazing and / or to limit stray (solar) rays.

[0024] In particular, the edge of the transparent part of the insert and the wall (internal, lateral) of the fixing part opposite said edge may have one or more elements with complementary shapes for fixing purposes, in particular one or the other may have one or more grooves in particular whose shape is capable of trapping stray rays while ensuring good support. The elements with complementary shapes may thus be formed by a series of grooves formed on the fixing part and by a series of grooves formed on said edge, the grooves formed on the fixing part having a complementary shape with the grooves formed on said edge. Each groove may form a closed line along the edge. The grooves may be parallel to each other.Preferably, the shape-matching elements comprise at least two grooves, preferably at least three grooves, preferably at least four grooves. Thus, at least a portion of the edge can prevent parasitic reflection of light rays. The shape-matching elements may have a thickness along an axis defined by the total height of the transparent portion. This thickness may be less than one tenth of the (equivalent) diameter of the portion. transparent part of the insert, and preferably less than one twentieth of the diameter of the transparent part of the insert. This thickness may be less than 1 mm. Thus, it is possible to mechanically maintain the transparent part of the insert in the fixing part in the absence of adhesive while maximizing the size of the insert.

[0025] According to one characteristic, the material of the transparent part, transparent to infrared radiation, advantageously has a light absorption coefficient of less than 0.5 cm1, preferably less than 0.1 cm1, for a light ray having at least one wavelength in a range of 5 pm to 20 pm, preferably of 8 pm to 15 pm. Thus, the transparent part specifically allows the transmission of light rays from a thermal infrared camera. The material of the transparent part may have a light transmission (infrared) of at least 50%, and in particular of at least 70% or 80%, for a light ray having a wavelength of 8 pm to 15 pm and even at a wavelength in the near infrared and / or in the visible.According to one feature, the material of the transparent part may be transparent to infrared (far, thermal) radiation in a wavelength range from 5 pm to 20 pm (for the operation of a thermal camera) and even to infrared (near infrared) radiation in a wavelength range from 0.7 pm to 5 pm, in particular from 0.7 pm to 2.5 pm (for the operation of a LIDAR, in particular 905 nm and 1550 nm, and / or a near infrared camera), as well as possibly to radiation in a wavelength range in the visible (for the operation of a camera in the visible). The material of the transparent part is in particular zinc sulfide.However, such a material adapted to be transparent in both the visible, the near infrared and the far infrared, being still expensive today, it may be preferred to arrange a camera in the visible and / or a LIDAR (or near infrared camera) preferably juxtaposed and adjacent to a thermal camera, by providing in the glazing at least the aforementioned insert of the invention which is transparent to infrared radiation in a wavelength range of 5 pm to 20 pm, and at least one window distinct from the insert (often called transmission window or camera zone), which is transparent to visible radiation and / or to infrared radiation of wavelength in a range of 0.7 pm to 5 pm, in particular of 0.7 to 2.5 pm. It is therefore possible to have adjacent to the insert a visible camera zone and / or a LIDAR zone or near infrared camera. These 2 or 3 camera and / or LIDAR zones can be aligned horizontally or vertically for example.

[0026] According to one characteristic, the interface part has a closed perimeter and / or the interface part is hollow (for the placement of the insert). According to one characteristic, the interface part has an external wall which is opposite the wall of the hole and an internal wall which is able to cooperate (intimately) with the fixing part of the insert (with the external wall of the fixing part). The interface part may have a shoulder which is external to the hole (interior side of the vehicle) and is in particular applied - around the perimeter of the hole (in particular with a closed perimeter) - against one of the main faces of the glazing, the so-called interior face of the glazing (preferably F4), and / or which is external to the hole (interior side of the vehicle) and / or a filling element (which is inserted between the interface part and the wall of the hole), the shoulder is in particular applied against one of the faces (face parallel to a main face of the glazing) of said filling element (in particular itself pierced or drilled to place the fixing part and insert). The filling element may be of a thickness less than or equal to the thickness of the glazing. In a preferred embodiment, the interface part is integral with the hole (of the wall of the glazing), in particular it is glued or (over)molded (to the wall of the glazing).The adhesive is for example polyurethane (PU). Alternatively, the interface part can be fixed (to the wall of the glazing, delimiting the hole) according to a force assembly. The interface part can match the section of the hole. The interface part can have an external shape complementary to the geometry of the hole (in particular with a closed perimeter) or not. In particular, when the interface part does not match the section of the hole, a filling element (of thickness distinct or not from the hole) can be inserted between the hole (the wall of the hole) and the interface part (the external wall of the interface part) and the filling element can have an external shape complementary to the geometry of the hole (in particular with a closed perimeter) and / or an internal shape complementary to the interface part.

[0027] According to one characteristic, the fixing part and the interface part comprise retaining means, in particular inside and / or outside the hole, in particular on the side of a so-called interior face of the glazing (face intended to be on the side of the passenger compartment of the vehicle in which the glazing is installed, in particular face F4 if laminated glazing or F2 if monolithic glazing).

[0028] According to one characteristic, the fixing part of the insert and the interface part cooperate by screwing or clipping.

[0029] According to one characteristic, the retaining means extend over the entire periphery of the fixing part and the interface part, or are located on the fixing part and on the interface part. In particular, when the fixing is done by screwing, the retaining means extend over the entire periphery of the fixing part and the interface part.

[0030] In an exemplary embodiment, the fixing part of the insert and the interface part cooperate by screwing, in particular the interface part comprising a tapping while the fixing part of the insert comprises a thread, the tapping and the thread being arranged on parts of the interface part and of the insert, which are inside the hole (at the level of the thickness of the hole - and therefore of the thickness of the glazing -), and / or outside the hole and on the side of a so-called interior face of the glazing (face intended to be on the side of the passenger compartment of the vehicle in which the glazing is installed, face F4 or F2).

[0031] In an exemplary embodiment, the interface part and the fixing part of the insert cooperate by clipping, in particular the interface part comprising female shapes while the fixing part of the insert comprises male clipping shapes, in particular male shapes made of spring steel, capable of cooperating by engagement in the female shapes (the male clipping shapes being capable of elastically deforming for their engagement in the female shapes and their disengagement). The female shapes may be arranged in the (internal) wall of the interface part and / or in a shoulder of the interface part (which projects relative to the internal wall). Preferably, the male clipping shapes are spring steel shapes.

[0032] Preferably, the interface piece extends without projecting beyond the outer face of the glazing (face F1) and / or preferably the insert extends without projecting beyond the outer face of the glazing (face F1) and / or the filling element, which is inserted between the interface piece and the wall of the hole, extends without projecting beyond the outer face of the glazing (face F1). The interface piece (and / or the insert and / or the filling element) may extend over the entire height of the hole (without projecting beyond the outer face of the glazing, and even sub-flush or flush or super-flush (projecting) with the inner face of the glazing, in particular F4). The fixing part of the insert may be of a height less than or equal to the height of the hole or may be protruding (towards the interior of the vehicle) in particular on the interior face of the glazing and / or the filling element (between the hole in the glazing and the interface part).The fixing part may be of a height distinct from the height (thickness) of the transparent part of the insert. In one embodiment, the transparent part of the insert may have a height less than or equal to the height of the fixing part of the insert. In another embodiment, the transparent part of the insert may have a height greater than the height of the fixing part of the insert, in particular projecting from the inner face of the glazing and / or the filling element (interposed between the hole in the glazing and the interface part).

[0033] Preferably, the so-called external face of the transparent part (and even of the fixing part) is coplanar with the external face of the glazing (external face of the external glass sheet of the glazing).

[0034] According to one characteristic, the fixing part of the insert comprises a portion - in particular projecting relative to the hole - which is on the side of a main face called the interior of the glazing, in particular F4, in particular a portion for gripping the insert (with a view to mounting or dismounting it), in particular the portion in particular projecting having a return (parallel, in contact and) opposite a shoulder of the interface part and the glazing may include retaining means such as clips or screws (for the removable fixing of the insert) cooperating outside the hole with the portion in particular protruding and the interface part, or even cooperating at the level of said return of the portion in particular protruding and said shoulder of the interface part. The interface part may further include a thread while the fixing part of the insert comprises a thread in particular if the retaining means are (outside the hole) at the level of said return of the insert and the shoulder of the interface part. The assembly can then be obtained (possibly by screwing and) by inserting the clips or screws through the return of the portion (protruding) of the insert and in a form of mutual cooperation of the shoulder of the interface part.

[0035] The sizing of the hole depends in particular on the technology chosen to make the hole, the size of the camera lens, the material used for the fixing part, the coefficients of thermal expansion, the means of securing the parts together, etc. The area of the transparent part of the insert may for example be from 10 cm2 to 150 cm2. The width of the fixing part (dimension parallel to the main faces of the glazing) is preferably at least 0.5 mm or 1 mm. The width of the interface part is preferably at least 0.5 mm and preferably at most 5 mm, preferably from 0.5 to 2.5 mm.

[0036] According to one feature, the fixing part of the insert is made of plastic or is metallic, and the fixing part is coupled to the transparent part by being glued, preferably with a PU glue, or overmolded (preferably overmolded). In particular, the fixing part comprises retaining means cooperating with the interface part, in particular inside or outside the hole.

[0037] According to one characteristic, the interface part is made of plastic or is metallic.

[0038] According to one feature, the attachment part of the insert is made of plastic or is metallic. According to one feature, the interface part and the attachment part of the insert are made of plastic, or the interface part and the attachment part of the insert are metallic, or the interface part is made of plastic while the attachment part of the insert is metallic, or the interface part is metallic while the attachment part of the insert is made of plastic. The plastic material (of the interface part and / or of the insert) is in particular polyamide 66 (PA66), or PBT (polybutylene terephthalate), or ABS (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene), or ASA (acrylonitrile styrene acrylate), or ABS / PC (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene / polycarbonate). The plastic material can be flexible (i.e. having a hardness between 60 and 90 Shore A).

[0039] According to one characteristic, the material of the interface part has a coefficient thermal expansion coefficient adapted to that of the glazing (and / or the filling element) and to that of the insert fixing part (to minimize the gaps between the different materials). The material of the interface part has in particular a coefficient of thermal expansion of between 0.8 and 1.2 times the coefficient of thermal expansion of the glass (and / or the filling element).

[0040] According to one characteristic, the material of the fixing part of the insert has a coefficient of thermal expansion adapted to that of the material of the transparent part of the insert and to that of the interface part. The material of the fixing part of the insert has in particular a coefficient of thermal expansion of between 1 and 15 times the coefficient of thermal expansion of the glass (the coefficient of thermal expansion of the glass being 8.6 x 10-6 / K).

[0041] According to another characteristic, the fixing part of the insert is coupled to the transparent part by being overmolded or glued. The plastic material may be a thermoplastic material. The plastic material may be filled or unfilled depending on the properties required or not. The plastic material is in particular chosen from the following materials: polyamide (PA) such as unfilled PA66, polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), acrynitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), acrylonitrile styrene acrylate (ASA), polycarbonate / acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS / PC). The metallic material is for example aluminum or sintered steel.

[0042] For greater transparency, the thickness of the transparent part of the insert preferably does not exceed 10 mm. In particular, the transparent part of the insert has a thickness that is less than the thickness of the glazing (monolithic or laminated), equal to that of the glazing (monolithic or laminated), or greater than that of the glazing (monolithic or laminated), the thickness of the glazing (monolithic or laminated) preferably being at most 10 mm or 6 mm or even 4 mm.

[0043] The material of the transparent part of the insert preferably has a light absorption coefficient of less than 0.5 cm1, preferably less than 0.1 cm1, for a light ray having at least one wavelength chosen from 5 pm to 20 pm, preferably from 8 pm to 15 pm.

[0044] Preferably, the material of the transparent part of the insert has a purity (by weight) of at least 99.99% or even at least 99.995% and better still 99.999% and / or free from inclusions (and / or crystalline defects) of a size greater than 20 μm or even 12 or 10 μm.

[0045] The material of the transparent part of the insert is for example colorless or tinted (while remaining transparent) in particular yellow, orange.

[0046] The transparent part of the insert can be curved.

[0047] The material of the transparent part of the insert can be polished (outer and inner main face).

[0048] The material of the transparent part of the insert may be chosen from zinc sulfide, zinc selenide, silicon, germanium, BaF2, sapphire, CaF2, a chalcogenide glass (in particular based on chalcogen elements Te, Se, S, in particular alloys of elements from As, S, Se, Te, Ge, Sb or even Ga) and a crosslinked organosulfur hybrid polymer comprising linear sulfur chains crosslinked by organic comonomers.

[0049] As an example of chalcogenide glass, we can cite Ge28Sbi2Se60 (notably IRG25® from Schott, IG5® from Vitron, GASIR2® from Umicore) or even As40Se60 (notably IRG26® from Schott, IG6® from Vitron, GASIR5® from Umicore).

[0050] The material of the transparent part of the insert is preferably of cubic crystallography.

[0051] Advantageously, the transparent part is transparent to infrared (from 5 pm to 20 pm and better from 8 pm to 15 pm) and its material is a polycrystalline material which is easier to manufacture than a single crystal.

[0052] According to one characteristic, the transparent material of the insert comprises zinc sulfide (ZnS), and / or zinc selenide (ZnSe) and / or barium fluoride (BaF2) and / or germanium (Ge) and / or silicon (Si) or a chalcogenide glass.

[0053] Advantageously, the infrared-transparent part is made of a material which is chosen from the following material (preferably polycrystalline) (in particular obtained by chemical vapor deposition): - a zinc compound comprising selenium and / or sulfur; - a compound comprising a barium fluoride; - or even a compound containing thallium bromide-iodide such as KRS-5 (Thallium Bromide-Iodide).

[0054] In particular, the material of the transparent part of the insert is chosen from: - a compound comprising a multispectral zinc sulfide, in particular obtained after hot isostatic pressing (treatment by an isostatic press at a temperature preferably of at least 800°C), in particular including selenium, such as ZnSxSei x with x preferably at least 0.97, better still at least 0.99 and even better still at least 0.998; - a compound comprising a zinc selenide, in particular ZnSe, in particular including sulfur, such as ZnSeSi y with y of at least 0.97, better still at least 0.99 and even better still at least 0.998; - a compound comprising a barium fluoride, in particular including calcium and / or strontium, in particular Ba, jCa.SijFo with i+j strictly less than 1, i and j preferably each at most 0.25, better still at most 0.03 or even better at most 0.005 or even BanCaiF2 with i strictly less than 1 and preferably at most 0.25, better still at most 0.03 or even better at most 0.005, in particular BaF2.

[0055] Advantageously, to improve the mechanical resistance, the transparent part of the insert comprising an outer face and an inner face, comprises a mechanical and / or chemical protection layer on the outer face and possibly on the inner face.

[0056] The mechanical and / or chemical protection layer (preferably a coating - single-layer or multi-layer -) can be chosen from at least one of the following layers: - a layer comprising a zinc sulfide (in particular ZnS) in particular on a ZnSxSC|X insert, in particular ZnSe, for mechanical protection, - a diamond layer, preferably amorphous for its adhesion properties to the crystal of the insert, in particular with a thickness of at least 10 nm or 20 nm and preferably from 50 nm to 300 nm and even at most 100 nm, - a DLC layer (for “Diamond Like Carbon” in English), that is to say a layer based on diamond-like carbon, preferably amorphous, in particular with a thickness of at least 10 nm or 20 nm and preferably from 50 nm to 300 nm and even at most 100 nm.

[0057] Advantageously, the transparent part of the insert comprises an outer face and an inner face, the inner face comprising an anti-reflective coating (in particular to improve infrared light transmission).

[0058] According to another characteristic, the glazing comprises sealing means which (being added) are arranged between the fixing part of the insert and the interface part, inside and / or outside the hole, or which are constituted by the materials of the fixing part and the interface part and by their assembly (although removable) according to an intimate sealed connection. Thus, the interface part which is fixed in a removable manner is also fixed in a sealed manner to the glazing. Sealing means are advantageously provided between the interface part and the insert. Different variants of sealing means can be envisaged. The sealing means can be at the height of the hole and / or outside the hole in particular on the side of a so-called inner face of the glazing (face intended to be on the side of the passenger compartment of the vehicle in which the glazing is installed, in particular face F4 if laminated glazing or F2 if monolithic glazing).The sealing means may consist of the materials of the interface part and the fixing part of the insert themselves, the materials being for example sufficiently soft and compressible that by being compressed against each other, sealing is obtained. The sealing means arranged between the fixing part of the insert and the interface part may in a variant be a seal, in particular arranged between the interface part and the fixing part (preferably arranged outside the hole), preferably toric, such as rubber or EPDM (ethylene-propylene-diene monomer), or else . alternatively, the sealing means may be a film or paste made of a waterproof material and with removable assembly, in particular when the fixing part is fixed by screwing (this film or paste being between the interface part and the fixing part, preferably inside the hole), in particular made of a non-stick (and waterproof) material such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE or also called Teflon®). Advantageously, the sealing means extend over the entire interface section between the insert and the interface part. When the hole is a notch, additional sealing is provided by the seal arranged between the glazing and the frame of the vehicle in which the glazing is mounted.

[0059] In one embodiment, the interface part has a section different from the section of the hole, in particular when the hole forms a notch in the glazing, and the hole comprises a filling element (in particular a perforated part or plate for mounting the insert and even the fixing part) which is arranged between the hole (the wall of the hole) and the interface part. The filling element is in particular metallic (in particular stamped sheet metal), or is made of plastic, in particular a thermoplastic (injected), the plastic being such as in one of the following materials, ABS / PC, PA66, PP (polypropylene), PC (polycarbonate) or PMMA. In particular, the filling element is rigid, that is to say it has a hardness greater than 40 Shore D. The filling element is in particular integral with the hole (at least with the wall of the hole); the filling element is glued to the hole or the hole is (over)molded by the filling element.The interface part and the filling element (the part) are secured in particular by an adhesive, for example polyurethane (PU), or the interface part (plastic or metal) is (over)molded by the filling element (plastic, injected), or the filling element is (over)molded by the interface part, or the interface part is force-fitted into the filling element. In the case of bonding by gluing for the filling element or for the interface part with respect to the glazing and for the interface part with respect to the filling element, other adhesives than PU may be suitable, the adhesive having to be flexible, i.e. having a Young's modulus of less than 10 MPa, such as silicone.

[0060] According to one characteristic, the glazing comprises wedging means which are capable of adjusting the height of the insert in the hole (in particular so that the insert arranged in the hole remains coplanar with the main so-called external face of the glazing). According to one characteristic, the wedging means are positioned between the insert and the interface part, preferably outside the hole. The wedging means are for example capable of compensating for the reduction in thickness of the insert (dimension according to the thickness of the hole and according to the thickness of the glazing) in the event of polishing (for its maintenance) so that the insert arranged in the hole remains coplanar with the so-called external face of the glazing. (face intended to be facing the external environment in the position of use of the glazing). The wedging means are for example removable. The wedging means can form spacers (such as washers (preferably rigid)) of different sizes, one size of which is selected according to the height to be adjusted, or else spacers of the same or different size, which can be stacked. Alternatively, the wedging means can be compressible elements which are capable of being further compressed to compensate for a height. In yet another alternative, the wedging means form at least two stepped rings which are attached and / or are integrated (in particular via shoulders or peripheral returns) to the interface part and / or to the insert, the two stepped rings cooperating to adjust the height of the insert.In this latter variant, the stepped rings have at least two support points, preferably at least three support points between them. Each stage of a ring makes it possible to take up an equivalent clearance in height.

[0061] According to one characteristic, the insert is capable of being moved relative to the height of the hole, and the insert has either a trapezoidal shape by having a small base which is a base on the side of a so-called outer face of the glazing, the small base being smaller than an opposite base on the side of a so-called inner face of the glazing, or the insert is chamfered on the side of a so-called outer face of the glazing. Such a geometry combined with a translational movement of the insert also makes it possible to adjust the height of the insert.

[0062] In a particular embodiment of the glazing, the transparent part of the insert is furthermore transparent in the visible and / or transparent to near infrared radiation in a wavelength range of 0.7 pm to 5 pm, preferably of 0.7 pm to 2.5 pm, or the glazing outside said insert, preferably in the hole or in the vicinity of the hole (provided with the insert), comprises at least one window transparent in the visible and / or transparent to near infrared radiation of wavelength in a range of 0.7 pm to 5 pm, said at least one window transparent in the visible and / or near infrared radiation preferably being within a recess in a masking layer (peripheral) present in the glazing, in particular within a recess which is all or part around the hole (with closed perimeter or open perimeter according to a notch), and / or said at least one window, preferably transparent to near-infrared radiation, being in a (peripheral) zone of the chosen laminated glazing (with an external glass sheet, a lamination interlayer, an internal glass sheet) with a blind hole in a so-called internal glass sheet of the glazing, preferably in the vicinity of said hole and even surrounding said hole (the so-called external glass sheet (opposite the internal sheet) being transparent to said near-infrared radiation, in particular the so-called external glass sheet being made of so-called extra-clear glass), and preferably another insert made of material transparent to near infrared radiation - in the range of 0.7 pm to 5 pm -, being arranged in the blind hole by being glued to the so-called F2 face of the so-called external glass sheet (said other insert being in particular mineral, in particular made of so-called extra-clear glass; said other insert being in particular glued to the so-called F2 face of the so-called external glass sheet via said lamination interlayer or, in a hole of said interlayer, in particular via an OCA glue (for "Optical Clear Adhesive" in English), made of crosslinked material, or via a thermoplastic adhesive layer (EVA (for ethylene-vinyl-acetate in English or ethylene-vinyl acetate, from a sheet, etc.) or even via a (thin) layer based on PVB (coating, etc.)). The EVA can be thermoplastic or a crosslinked material.

[0063] In a particular embodiment, said (through) hole - provided with the insert transparent to far infrared - is made in the external glass sheet and in said other insert transparent to near infrared radiation.

[0064] Several embodiments of near-infrared transparent windows for arranging a LIDAR in a windshield are for example described in patent application WO2023118710. The adhesive layer may comprise a dispersed coloring agent which absorbs in the visible and is transparent to the infrared wavelength in a wavelength range between 0.7 pm and 5 pm; the adhesive layer thus simultaneously forms a camouflage layer for the LIDAR or the camera in the near infrared. Alternatively, the adhesive layer transmits in the visible and said other radiation-transparent insert is coated (facing the adhesive) with a camouflage layer which is transparent in the infrared in a wavelength range between 0.7 pm and 5 pm and opaque in the visible.

[0065] The invention also relates to a method for manufacturing a glazing unit mentioned above of the invention, the method comprising a prior step of making a hole according to the thickness of the glazing unit (hole inside the glazing unit or at the edge of the glazing unit of the notch type), this hole being able to be obtained by cutting, and by cutting before or after lamination when the glazing unit is laminated, preferably a step of securing an interface part in the hole, the interface part being able to protrude from the hole on the side of one of the faces of the glazing unit (so-called inside face).The method according to the invention comprises a step of removably mounting an insert in the hole, in particular the method comprises, prior to the step of mounting the insert, a step of producing the insert of geometry and dimensions adapted to the hole and coupling the fixing part to the part made of material transparent to infrared at a wavelength in a range from 5 to 20 pm, the fixing part being provided with retaining means capable of cooperating removably with the interface part (also provided with retaining means cooperating mutually with the means of . insert retention).

[0066] The invention also relates to a method of mounting or dismounting the glazing, characterized in that the insert is mounted or dismounted in a removable manner relative to the interface part, in particular by screwing-unscrewing or clipping-unclipping.

[0067] The invention also relates to an assembly comprising a aforementioned glazing of the invention and equipment comprising at least one infrared camera receiving infrared radiation of wavelength in a range from 5 to 20 pm passing through the transparent part of the insert.

[0068] The invention also relates to an assembly comprising a aforementioned glazing of the invention and equipment comprising at least one infrared camera receiving infrared radiation of wavelength in a range from 5 to 20 pm passing through the transparent part of the insert, and a visible camera whose visible radiation passes through the glazing outside the insert in a window transparent to said visible radiation - which is preferably within a recess in a (peripheral) masking layer present in the glazing, in particular within a recess in all or part around the hole provided with the insert -, or passes through the insert transparent to said visible radiation and / or a LIDAR or a camera receiving near infrared radiation of wavelength in a range from 0.7 pm to 5 pm,and of which said near infrared radiation passes through the insert transparent to said near infrared radiation or passes through a window transparent to said near infrared radiation which is preferably within a recess in a masking layer (peripheral) present in the glazing, in particular within a recess in all or part around the hole provided with the insert, and possibly said window transparent to said near infrared radiation being in a zone of the chosen laminated glazing, with a blind hole in a so-called internal glass sheet of the glazing preferably in the vicinity of said hole and even surrounding said hole, and preferably another insert made of material transparent to near infrared radiation, being arranged in the blind hole while being glued to the so-called F2 face of the so-called external glass sheet.

[0069] The invention also relates to a vehicle comprising vehicle glazing of the invention or the aforementioned assembly of the invention, the vehicle being in particular a road or rail vehicle, in particular a car having a driving assistance system, a semi-autonomous or autonomous car. The vehicle glazing of the invention is in particular a windshield.

[0070] By adapting the surface dimensions of the hole and the insert and possibly by adapting the surface of a masking layer around the hole and possibly by providing a blind hole in the laminated thickness of the glazing, so as to provide a window around the hole for transmission in the visible and / or in a range of wavelength ranging from 0.7 pm to 5 pm, the invention also provides laminated glazing, in particular a windshield, with which is associated a far infrared camera and a visible camera and / or a LIDAR or a near infrared camera.

[0071] Finally, the invention relates to a kit in the form of an insert comprising a part transparent to infrared rays with a wavelength in a range from 5 to 20 pm and a fixing part secured to the transparent part, the insert being used to be removably mounted in a vehicle glazing by means of an interface part already mounted in the glazing or forming part of the kit, the insert and the interface part being characterized by the insert and the interface part of the aforementioned glazing of the invention.

[0072] The present invention is now described using examples which are solely illustrative and in no way limitative of the scope of the invention, and from the attached schematic illustrations, in which: - [Fig.lA] is a partial sectional view of a vehicle glazing according to the invention installed in a vehicle which is equipped with a camera operating in the infrared and comprising an insert transparent to infrared and removable according to the invention. - [Fig.lB] is a front view of an example of vehicle glazing of [Fig.lA]. - [Fig.2] illustrates a partial and sectional view of a glazing incorporating an insert according to an example of realization and according to a removable fixing by screwing. - [Fig.3] represents a sectional view of the insert of [Fig.2]. - [Fig.4] is a view of the type of [Fig.2] with a variant of the insert. - [Fig.5] is a partial sectional view of glazing according to another example of insert construction with screw fixing. - [Fig.6] is a partial sectional view of glazing according to yet another example of insert construction with screw fixing. - [Fig.7] is a sectional view of glazing according to another example of insert construction with clip-on fixing. - [Fig.8] is a variant of [Fig.7]. - [Fig.9] is a partial sectional view of glazing according to yet another example of insert construction with screw fixing and showing an example of sealing means. - [Fig. 10] is a partial sectional view of glazing according to an example of insert construction showing the use of wedging means (a shim) to adjust the height of the insert, in particular to compensate for the loss of thickness of the insert in the event of polishing. - [Fig. 11 A] shows an exploded schematic perspective view of another example according to the invention of an insert and an interface part with, as a spacer between the insert and the interface part, wedging means allowing the height of the insert to be adjusted and comprising a removable stepped ring fitted against the insert and a stepped ring integrated into the interface part. - [Fig.l IB] shows a partial perspective view of the glazing with the insert of [Fig.l 1 A] and after polishing, the insert being set back. - [Fig.l IC] corresponds to figure 1 IB after having previously screwed (or clipped) the insert into the interface part adjusted the removable stepped ring to raise the insert. - [Fig. 12] illustrates a partial cross-sectional view of glazing according to an example of the production of an insert according to a specific shape to compensate for the loss of thickness of the insert in the event of polishing. - [Fig. 13] is a partial sectional view of glazing with a variant shape of the insert of [Fig.12]. - [Fig.l4A] shows a schematic front view of a glazing for which the hole where the insert is located is a notch at the edge of the glazing. - [Fig.l4B] is a sectional view of the glazing at the hole (notch) and insert. - [Fig. 15] is a sectional view of another exemplary embodiment of glazing according to the invention comprising in the same housing a thermal camera and a LIDAR right next to it, the insert of the LIDAR transparent to the near infrared comprising a through hole for mounting the removable insert of the invention transparent to the far infrared.

[0073] The figures which are schematic are not to scale.

[0074] The glazing 1 of the invention illustrated in [Fig.1A] is for example intended for an ap windshield application of a road (or rail) vehicle 2 and has a zone 1' behind which at least one infrared camera 20 is intended to be placed. The zone 1' is transparent to infrared radiation, in particular transparent to far infrared for a thermal camera. For a windshield, the zone 1' is preferably located in the transparent and upper part of the glazing. A thermal camera 20 is illustrated here; a camera operating in the visible range could be arranged adjacent to the thermal camera.

[0075] The glazing 1 comprises a hole 10 which is through (depending on the thickness of the glazing) and an insert 3 which is transparent to infrared radiation and corresponds to the zone 1', the insert 3 being mounted in a removable and sealed manner in the through hole 10 via an interface part 4. The removability of the insert 3 makes it possible in particular to adapt the insert to the type of camera, to save on maintenance costs and to facilitate the recycling of the windshield (all the parts). As will be seen later, the insert 3 comprises retaining means 30 suitable for the removable fixing of said insert in the hole 10, and the interface part 4 comprises retaining means 40 intended for the cooperation of the retaining means 30 of the insert 3, the set of retaining means 30 of the insert 3 and retaining means 40 of the interface part 4, is called removable fixing means.

[0076] The glazing 1 is for example a laminated glazing. The glazing 1 can be curved. It comprises (figures 1 and 2): - an external glass sheet 11, with an external main face called face F1 intended to face the external environment and an opposite main face called face F2, the external glass sheet 11 being 2.1 mm thick or even 1.6 mm or even less, - an internal glass sheet 12 (or alternatively a plastic sheet) (the glass may be tinted) and 2.1 mm thick or even 1.6 mm or even less, with a main internal face called face F4 intended to be on the passenger compartment side and a face called face F3 opposite, - the two sheets of glass being bonded to each other by an interlayer made of polymer material, in particular thermoplastic 13, for example made of PVB, for example clear, and of submillimeter thickness such as 0.76 mm or 0.81 mm thick, single-layer or multi-layer and which may be acoustic.

[0077] The glazing 1 may comprise on one of its faces F1 to F4 a coating or a masking layer (camouflage) 14 which is opaque, for example black in color, such as a layer of enamel or black lacquer, which extends around the zone 1' in order to hide the detection equipment including the thermal camera 20.

[0078] The hole 10 extends along the thickness of the glazing between the outer face F1 and the inner face F4. The hole 10 is delimited by an inner wall 10' (of height corresponding to the thickness of the glazing). The hole 10 can be arranged in an inner zone of the glazing (at a distance from the edge of the glazing) as illustrated in FIGS. 1A and 1B. Alternatively, the hole 10 can be at the edge of the glazing by forming a notch in the edge and the thickness of the glazing as illustrated in [Fig.14A]. The hole 10 is adapted in geometry and dimensions to the insert 3 and to the parts used for the removable fixing of the insert 3. The hole 10 is therefore adapted to the zone 1' necessary for the arrangement behind it of one or more cameras. For example, zone 1', which corresponds to the section of insert 3 and is transparent to infrared, has a diameter of 6 cm to fit behind a thermal camera. This section would be larger to accommodate several cameras.Hole 10 was made in glazing 1 by cutting. This cutting can be made in flat or curved glazing, before or after lamination when the glazing is laminated.

[0079] The glazing 1 comprises at the hole 10, an interface part 4 which is integral with the glazing on which the insert 3 is fixed. The interface part 4 has a mechanical cooperation function with the insert 3 for the fixing of said insert. The interface part 4 is integral (fixed) at least with the wall 10' of the hole 10 for the examples in the figures 1A to 13. In the example of Figures 14A and 14B, described later, the interface part 4 is integral with a filling element 4' which is interposed between the wall 10' of the hole 10 and said interface part 4. The interface part 4 (via a return or shoulder) can also be integral with or pressed against the internal glass sheet 12 of the glazing (against the face F4) and at the periphery of the hole 10. In the case of the presence of the filling element 4', the interface part can (via a return or shoulder) be integral with or pressed against the filling element 4' (extending to the external sheet or not extending beyond said filling element as illustrated in [Fig. 14B]). Advantageously, the interface part 4 is a single-piece and hollow; it is pressed against the wall 10' of the hole 10 and preferably against the interior face F4 of the glazing in a localized manner around the perimeter of the hole.For fixing the insert 3, the insert 3 and the interface part 4 comprise retaining means 30, respectively 40 which preferably comprise one or more forms of cooperation by mutual engagement. As a variant or in addition to the forms of cooperation, the interface part 4 may have a surface coating suitable for hooking the retaining means 30 of the insert 3.

[0080] The interface part 4 is made of plastic and / or a metallic material. The plastic may be filled or unfilled. The fillers in the plastic will be chosen according to the desired functional characteristics such as mechanical strength, ultraviolet aging, heat resistance, etc. The plastic may be a thermoplastic. The plastic may be flexible (i.e. having a hardness between 60 and 90 Shore A). The plastic is in particular chosen from the following materials: polyamide (PA) such as unfilled PA66, polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), acrynitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), acrylonitrile styrene acrylate (ASA), ABS / PC. The metallic material is for example made of aluminum or sintered steel.The material of the interface piece 4 has a coefficient of thermal expansion adapted to that of the glazing 1 and to that of the insert 3 to minimize the differences between the different materials. The material of the interface piece 4 has, for example, a coefficient of thermal expansion of between 0.8 and 1.2 times the coefficient of thermal expansion of the glass.

[0081] The interface part 4 is made integral with the glazing (fixed) by being glued or overmolded or force-mounted. For the gluing, the glue is for example polyurethane (PU). In the case of a connection to the filling element 4', the interface part 4 is made integral by being overmolded or glued or force-mounted (with a seal between the interface part 4 and the filling element 4').

[0082] The interface part 4 comprises a main portion or wall 41 which extends along the wall 10' of the hole 10, and preferably a peripheral shoulder 42 which covers the internal glass sheet 12 (against the internal face F4) (being directly in contact or glued) along the periphery of the hole 10. The peripheral shoulder 42 extends in a plane perpendicular to the wall 41 and projects from the outer face of the wall - face opposite the inner face facing the hollow interior of the interface piece. Preferably, the interface piece 4 does not extend over the outer glass sheet 11. The face of the interface piece 4 facing the external environment may be flush with or set back from the outer face F1 of the glazing. The interface piece 4 may comprise, as in the exemplary embodiment of [Fig.4], an internal return 43 at the distal end of the wall 41, projecting from the inner face of the wall 41 and opposite the shoulder 42. The internal return 43 is preferably coplanar with the outer face F1 of the glazing. The internal return 43 constitutes a recess stop for placing the insert 3 in the hollow interior of the interface part 4.The interface part 4 may also comprise an extension 44 to the wall 41 ([Fig.5]), which projects beyond the shoulder 42 in a plane parallel to the wall 41 (and perpendicular to the inner face of the glazing). The retaining means 40 of the interface part 4 are arranged so as to be able to be opposite the hole 10 (inside the hole) and / or outside the hole 10. In particular, the retaining means 40 of the interface part 4 may be arranged in the wall 41 and / or in the peripheral shoulder 42 and / or in the extension 44 to the wall 41 of the interface part 4.

[0083] The insert 3 comprises a central part 31, called the transparent part, made of a material transparent to infrared radiation of at least 5 pm (from 5 pm to 20 pm inclusive, preferably from 8 pm to 15 pm) and a peripheral part 32 called the fixing part, designed for the (removable) mounting of the insert in the hole 10 via the interface part 4.

[0084] The insert 3 may be flat or curved. If the insert 3 is curved, it follows the local curvature of the glazing 1.

[0085] The transparent part 31 has a geometry and (surface) dimensions which are adapted to position at the rear, the infrared camera 20 and if necessary another camera of the type operating in the visible. The transparent part 31 has a section in the plane parallel to the main faces of the glazing, which corresponds for example to one of the following geometries: circular, oval, oblong, rectangular, square, trapezoidal. In general, the transparent part 31 has a section in the plane parallel to the faces of the glazing, the perimeter of which is curved and / or straight lines. The dimensions of the transparent part 31 are in particular a function of the geometry.For example (without limitation), for a round section, the radius will be at most 4 cm, for an oblong or oval shape, the length will be at most 10 cm, and in the case of an oblong shape with round ends, the radius of curvature will be at most 4 cm, and for a trapezoidal shape with a large base and a small base, the large base will be at most 20 cm and the height . separating the large base from the small base will be at most 8 cm.

[0086] The transparent part 31 is preferably of constant section according to the thickness of the insert 3 (dimension parallel to the thickness of the glazing and transverse to the faces of the glazing). However, depending on the type of assembly and cooperation with the interface part 4 of the glazing, the section of the transparent part 31 may not be constant, as schematically illustrated in [Fig.8], the section being of trapezoidal shape, converging towards the inside of the hole 10' and towards the internal sheet 12 to provide sufficient space laterally so that the retaining means 30 of the insert 3, in particular when they are clips, can cooperate with the inside of the wall 41 of the interface part 4 (with the retaining means 40 of the interface part 4 arranged in the wall 41 of said interface part), and to facilitate disassembly, in particular unclipping.

[0087] The material of the transparent part 31, transparent to infrared radiation, advantageously has a light absorption coefficient of less than 0.5 cm1, preferably less than 0.1 cm1, for a light ray having at least one wavelength chosen between 5 pm and 20 pm inclusive, preferably between 8 pm and 15 pm inclusive. Thus, the transparent part 31 specifically allows the transmission of light rays from a thermal camera. The material of the transparent part 31 may have a light transmission of at least 50%, and in particular at least 70%, for a light ray having a wavelength of between 8 pm and 15 pm.

[0088] The material of the transparent part 31 may be formed by a material comprising zinc sulfide (ZnS), and / or zinc selenide (ZnSe) and / or barium fluoride (BaF2) and / or germanium (Ge) and / or silicon (Si). Zinc sulfide will be particularly suitable for the material of the transparent part 31 if a thermal camera, a visible camera and a near infrared camera are combined behind the insert 3.

[0089] The material of the transparent part 31 comprises for example: - a compound comprising a multispectral zinc sulfide, in particular obtained after hot isostatic pressing, in particular comprising selenium, such as ZnSx Sebx where x is greater than or equal to 0.97 inclusive and less than 1 inclusive, in particular multispectral ZnS, and / or - a compound comprising a zinc selenide, in particular ZnSe, in particular including sulfur, such as ZnSeySi y where y is preferably greater than or equal to 0.97 inclusive and less than 1 inclusive, and / or - a compound comprising a barium fluoride, in particular comprising calcium and / or strontium, in particular Ba, jCa.SijFo where i+j are strictly less than 1, and i and j are preferably each greater than 0.25 inclusive, or BaiiCaiF2where i is strictly less than 1 and preferably greater than 0.25 inclusive, in particular BaF2.

[0090] The transparent part 31 of the insert 3 comprises an outer face 33A and an inner face 33B (figures 2 and 3). The outer face 33A is preferably coplanar with the outer face F1 of the outer glass sheet 11 of the glazing 1. The insert 3 may comprise ([Fig.3]) a mechanical and / or chemical protection layer 33' on the outer face 33A and possibly on the inner face 33B. The mechanical and / or chemical protection layer 33' is a coating chosen from a layer comprising in particular a zinc sulfide, a diamond layer or a DLC layer (from the English acronym "Diamond like Carbon").

[0091] The material of the fixing part 32 is distinct from the material of the transparent part 31 of the insert 3. The material of the fixing part 32 has a coefficient of thermal expansion adapted to that of the material of the transparent part 31 and of the interface part 4 to minimize the differences between the different materials. The material of the fixing part 32 has for example a coefficient of thermal expansion of between 1 and 15 times the coefficient of thermal expansion of the glass (the coefficient of thermal expansion of the glass being 8.6 x 106 K1).

[0092] The material of the fixing part 32 may be similar to the material of the interface part 4. The material of the fixing part 32 is made of plastic and / or a metallic material. The plastic may be filled or unfilled. The fillers in the plastic will be chosen according to the desired functional characteristics such as mechanical strength, ultraviolet aging, heat resistance, etc. The plastic may be a thermoplastic. The plastic is in particular chosen from the following materials: polyamide such as unfilled PA66, PVT, ABS, ASA, ABS / PC. The metallic material is for example made of aluminum or sintered steel.

[0093] The fixing part 32 is made integral with the transparent part 31 (fixed) by being overmolded or glued. The glue is for example polyurethane (PU).

[0094] The fixing part 32 of the insert 3 comprises the retaining means 30 intended to cooperate with the interface part 4 of the glazing 1, in particular with the retaining means 40 of the interface part 4. Preferably, the respective retaining means 30 and 40 of the insert and the interface part are forms of mutual cooperation by engagement. The retaining means 30 of the insert 3 may or may not be made of the same material as that of the fixing part 32 of the insert 3.

[0095] The retaining means 30 can cooperate with the interface part 4 at the level of the inner face F4 of the glazing 1 and / or the edge (wall) of the hole 10 of the glazing 1. Thus, the retaining means 30 of the insert 3 cooperate in a removable manner with the wall 41 and / or the peripheral shoulder 42 of the interface part 4 and / or any other extension to the peripheral shoulder 42.

[0096] Several non-limiting examples of embodiments of insert 3, interface part and removable fixing are presented in Figures 2 to 13.

[0097] In the example of Figures 2 and 3, the insert 3 is fixed in the hole 10' of the glazing 1 by screwing, in particular by screwing with the interface part 4. The insert 3 is then removed by unscrewing. For this purpose, the interface part 4 comprises, as retaining means 40, a thread which extends over all or part of the wall 41, while the retaining means 30 of the insert 3 form a thread. The thread 30 is integrated into the material constituting the fixing part 32. The thread 30 has been, for example, produced during the molding of the fixing part 32 or by machining (the same is true for the threading of the interface part 4). The screw fixing will preferably be implemented when the insert 3, in particular the transparent part 31, has a flat external surface 33A.In order to ensure the screwing and unscrewing of the insert 3, the fixing part 32 comprises a projecting portion 34 relative to the central part 31 and only from one face, the inner face 33B. The projecting portion 34 constitutes a gripping zone for the insert 3 to turn it (screw or unscrew). The projecting portion 34 is therefore located, in the mounted position of the insert 3, on the side of the internal sheet 12 of the glazing (passenger compartment side of the vehicle). Conversely, the fixing part 32 preferably does not protrude from the outer face 33A of the transparent part 31 so that the insert 3, in particular the transparent part 31 transparent to infrared, is indeed coplanar with the external sheet 11 of the glazing.

[0098] In the embodiment ([Fig.4]), the insert 3 is also mounted by screwing along the wall 41 of the interface part 4, which includes a thread as retaining means 40. Since the interface part 4 includes the internal return 43, the screwing is not done all the way to the top of the external glass sheet 11. In addition, the material of the transparent part 31 of the insert 3 is cut to fit and abut against the end of the interface part 4 at the internal return 43.

[0099] The embodiment of [Fig. 5] is still a screw mounting. However, the screwing is external to the wall 41 of the interface part 4 (external to the hole 10); the retaining means 40 are arranged in the extension 44 of the wall, outside the hole 10 (projecting from the inner face of the glazing in the position of use thereof). To cooperate, the insert 3 has its fixing part 32 which goes beyond the transparent part 31 (beyond the hole 10), the retaining means 30 in the form of a thread being arranged only at the level of the projecting portion of the fixing part 32.

[0100] In the example of [Fig.6], still by screwing, the laminated glazing 1 has its internal sheet 12 which is offset opposite the hole 10 to provide a space capable of housing the shoulder 42 of the interface part (the height of the wall 41 of the part interface being lower than in [Fig.2]). The retaining means 40 (such as a thread) are arranged in the extension 44 as for [Fig.5], while remaining at the level of the interior of the hole 10.

[0101] In two other embodiments illustrated in Figures 7 and 8, the insert 3 is fixed by clipping, possibly retaining the screwing (as in [Fig.7]). Clipping means the existence of elastic male fixing members intended to engage in female receiving shapes. The insert 3 is then removed by unclipping (and even unscrewing). This fixing will be preferred when the glazing 1 is curved and the insert 3, its transparent part 31, follows the curvature of the glazing. In these examples, the retaining means 30 of the insert 3 form elastic retaining tabs (clips) which cooperate with the retaining means 40 of the interface part 4, consisting of mutually cooperating female shapes arranged in the peripheral shoulder 42 ([Fig.7]), and therefore outside the hole 10, or in the wall 41 of the interface part ([Fig.8]), and therefore inside the hole 10.The clips 30 are here integral with the fixing part 32 of the insert 3. The clips 30 are for example at least two in number arranged diametrically opposite each other. Preferably, the clips 30 are metallic such as clips made of 65 Mn spring steel or 1.4310 steel.

[0102] In an exemplary embodiment illustrated in [Fig. 10], the insert 3 is fixed outside the hole 10 and by a removable assembly relative to the fixing part 32 of the insert 3 via clips or screws 30' (which can be added) forming retaining means. The fixing part 32 has its projecting portion 34 which has a return parallel and opposite the shoulder 42 of the interface part; the assembly is obtained by inserting the clips or screws 30' through the return of the projecting portion 34 of the insert 3 and in a form of mutual cooperation 40 of the interface part 4, arranged in the shoulder 42 of the interface part 4.

[0103] The interface part 4 which is removably fixed is also fixed in a sealed manner to the glazing. Sealing means 5 are provided between the interface part 4 and the insert 3. Different variants of sealing means are given as illustrative and in no way limiting examples. The sealing means 5 may consist of the very materials of the interface part 4 and of the fixing part 32 of the insert 3, the materials being for example sufficiently soft and compressible that by being compressed against each other, sealing is obtained. In another example of sealing means 5, a sealing film or paste made of a waterproof and removable assembly material, such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE or Teflon®), is arranged between the interface part 4 and the fixing part 32 of the insert, in particular when the insert 3 is fixed by screwing ([Fig.2]), the film or paste being inserted into the thread.In yet another example, as illustrated in [Fig.9], . the sealing means 5 comprise a seal which is placed between the interface part 4 and the insert 3. The seal 5 is preferably toric. The seal 5 is made of a waterproof material such as rubber or EPDM. More particularly, the seal 5 is outside the hole 10, on the inner sheet 12 side and therefore on the passenger compartment side, between the shoulder 42 of the interface part 4 and the projecting portion 34 with return of the insert 3, the return of the projecting portion 34 being opposite the shoulder 42 and sandwiching the toric seal 5.

[0104] In yet another variant, the fixing part 32 and the interface piece 4 are mounted watertight by their intimate assembly and their watertight constituent material.

[0105] The insert 3 is removable to be dismantled in order in particular to facilitate its maintenance. In order for the outer face 33A of the transparent part 31 of the insert 3 to remain coplanar with the outer face F1 of the external sheet 11 of the glazing, wedging means 6 which may be independent (and removable) and / or integrated into the insert 3 and / or into the interface part 4, are provided to adjust the height of the insert 3 in the hole 10. In the context of the maintenance of the insert 3 for example, it may be necessary to (re)polish the transparent part 31 which is transparent to infrared radiation, which will reduce the height of the insert. It will then be desirable to compensate for the loss of material / thickness, in particular after polishing, to make the outer face of the insert coplanar again with the outer face of the glazing. A polish is notably between 0.1 and 0.5 mm, or can even be less than 0.1 mm.Different variants of wedging means 6 are given as illustrative and in no way limiting examples.

[0106] In the example of [Fig. 10], the wedging means 6 are made of a flexible spacer material sandwiched between the interface part 4 (the shoulder 42) and the insert 3 (the return of the projecting portion 34), this flexible material being able to compress depending on the tightening of the screw 30' (as retaining means 30), the tightening of the screw 30' makes it possible to compress the spacer material more or less in order to move the entire insert 3 to the desired position relative to the interface part 4 and therefore relative to the hole 10 and the outer face F1 of the glazing. This makes it possible, for example, to take up the play caused by the loss of material from polishing and to arrange the outer face 33A of the transparent part 31 of the insert 3, flush with the face F1 of the glazing. The wedging means 6 can here be the sealing gasket 5.

[0107] In another embodiment, the wedging means 6 comprise at least two stepped rings 6A and 6B which are attached to and / or are integrated into the interface part 4 and / or into the insert 3 (via the shoulder 42 of the interface part or the return of the projecting portion 34 of the insert), the two stepped rings cooperating together to adjust the height of the insert. In the embodiment of [Fig. 11 A], the wedging means 6 comprise a stepped and removable ring 6A comprising bearings 60 of different heights and capable of cooperating in a complementary manner with stepped shapes 61 of another stepped ring 6B which is integrated into the interface part 4 (said other stepped ring 6B being constituted by the external face of the shoulder 42 of the interface part 4). In this exemplary embodiment illustrated in [Fig. 1 IA], the removable stepped ring 6A is arranged against said other stepped ring 6B of the interface part 4 (interface part 4 which is already coupled to the glazing) and according to the positioning opposite the bearings 60 of the ring 6A relative to the other stepped shapes 61 of the other ring 6B of the interface part 4, the coupling combination of the two rings 6A and 6B providing a certain height (more or less high) of wedging in order to provide a more or less high height of the insert 3.Once the removable shim ring 6A is arranged to form the desired spacer height, the operator can fix the insert 3, here by screwing (and the outer face 33A of the transparent part 31 of the insert will be coplanar with the outer face of the glazing).In a variant not illustrated, the interface part 4 and the insert 3 each incorporate a stepped ring constituted by their respective shoulder and return, the circumference of which comprises bearings of different heights (on the external face for the shoulder of the interface part 4 and on the internal face for the return of the insert 3), the bearings facing each other and cooperating by mutual cooperation according to engagements at different heights so as to provide a spacer / shim of appropriate thickness for adjusting the height of the insert 3; in this variant, the fixing of the insert 3 in the interface part 4 is done by clipping or by external screwing (i.e. according to a screwing outside the wall of the fixing part 32).

[0108] [Fig. 1 IB] shows the insert 3 which has undergone polishing with removal of material on its outer surface, which means that its outer surface is no longer coplanar with the outer face F1 of the glazing. By having appropriately positioned the stepped ring 6 according to appropriate cooperation of the bearings 60 and the stepped shapes 61 to modify the wedging height, then by having fixed the insert 3 in the interface part 4, the insert 3 could be shifted in height to be again coplanar with the face F1 of the glazing ([Fig. 11C]). The height of each stage of the stepped ring 6 corresponds to the thickness which will be agreed for polishing. Thus, the wedging means 6 by stepped stages allow a controlled progression of the adjustment of the height of the insert according to a given step.

[0109] In another embodiment not yet illustrated, the wedging means 6 form at least one removable (preferably rigid) spacer washer which is arranged between the insert 3 and the interface part 4. The height of the insert 3 can be adjusted in different ways: either a washer is arranged which has the appropriate thickness to compensate for the height, or several washers of a certain thickness each are arranged, which are stacked to obtain the appropriate thickness.

[0110] In the embodiments of Figures 12 and 13, the adjustment of the height of the insert 3 so as to make the outer face 33A (of the transparent part 31) of the insert 3 coplanar with the outer face F1 of the glazing, is obtained by the shape of the insert 3 and the ability to move the insert 3 according to the thickness of the glazing in the direction of the outer face F1 of the glazing. In [Fig.12], the insert 3 has a trapezoidal shape with a small base arranged according to the outer face 33A and the large base being on the opposite side. This figure does not illustrate the retaining means 30 and 40 which can be by screwing or clipping, nor the parts (drawn and shown diagrammatically in dotted lines) outside the hole 10 of the insert and the interface part, which can appear in different ways as described in particular in figures 2 to 10.By moving the insert 3 towards the outer sheet 11 of the glazing, the outer face 33A of the insert can be brought back into level with the outer face F1 of the glazing. [Fig. 13] is based on the same compensation principle as the example of [Fig. 12], with a different shape for the insert 3. The insert 3 has a cylindrical shape except at its end facing the outside of the glazing which is chamfered. The geometry of the wall 10' of the hole 10 is adapted to the shape of the insert 3 and has a complementary profile, namely a cylindrical shape starting from the inner face F4 of the glazing to the limit of the inner face of the outer sheet 11, then inclined from the outer glass sheet 11 to the outer face F1 of the glazing, being inclined in a convergent manner towards the inside of the hole 10.

[0111] Finally, in the embodiment of the glazing 1 of Figures 14A and 14B, the hole 10 forms a notch at the edge of the glazing and is therefore open perimeter. In a first case not shown, the interface part 4 which is hollow has a very suitable shape by comprising an external section which matches the geometry of the section of the notch 10 and an internal section at its wall 41 which corresponds to the geometry of the fixing part 32 of the insert 3. In a second case ([Fig.14A]), the interface part 4 has a section different from the section of the hole 10 (it does not have an external section which matches the section of the notch), the filling element 4' is then interposed between the interface part 4 and the wall 10' of the glazing. In both cases, the insert 3 is removably fixed in the interface part 4 as described in the different examples above.The filling element 4' is preferably also coplanar with the outer face F1 of the glazing. The filling element 4' is integral with the glass of the glazing 1 and the interface piece 4 is integral with the filling element 4'. The filling element 4' is preferably glued or overmolded to the glass. The interface piece 4 is preferably glued or overmolded to the filling element 4'. The filling element 4' is for example PC, PMMA, etc. The seal between the insert 3 and the interface piece 4 is as already described above. The seal between the interface piece 4 and the element . 4' filling is obtained for example by assembly (waterproof glue or overmolding, or force-fitted assembly sealed by the composition of the materials).

[0112] Concerning the manufacturing process of glazing 1: it comprises - a preliminary step of making the hole 10 according to the thickness of the glazing, this hole being able to be obtained by cutting, and by cutting before or after lamination when the glazing is laminated; - preferably, a step of securing the interface part 4 in the hole (in particular by overmolding or gluing), the interface part 4 having been designed (molded or machined) with the retaining means 40; - a step of producing the insert 3 of geometry and dimensions adapted to the hole 10 and provided with its retaining means 30 in its fixing part 32, the materials of the insert 3 and of the interface part 4 having been chosen according to their coefficient of thermal expansion (in relation to the use of the glazing in hot and cold environments); - a step of removable mounting of the insert 3 in the interface part 4 by engaging the retaining means 30 of the insert 3 in the retaining means 40 of the interface part 4.

[0113] Finally, in one embodiment, the glazing 1 may comprise, next to the thermal camera 20 (in a vertically or horizontally aligned or offset manner), a camera in the visible and / or a LIDAR 21 (or a near infrared camera), as illustrated in [Fig. 15]. Ideally (case not illustrated), the insert 3 has its transparent material 31 which is transparent not only to infrared light rays at a wavelength in a range from 5 to 20 pm, but also transparent in the visible and / or in the near infrared for a wavelength in a range from 0.7 to 5 pm, the surface dimensions of the insert and its transparent material being large enough to arrange opposite the thermal camera 20, a camera in the visible and / or the LIDAR. However, this embodiment remains expensive.Alternatively, the glazing 1 comprises around the hole 10 of the insert 3, at least one window 14' in the masking layer 14 which is transparent in the visible and / or in the near infrared for a wavelength in a range from 0.7 to 5 pm. The window 14' is for example a recess in the masking layer 14 with the thickness of the glazing transparent in the visible or sufficiently transparent for the near infrared. In the particular embodiment illustrated in [Fig. 15] and in no way limiting, the window 14', in particular for transparency to the near infrared, comprises a blind hole 15 made in the thickness of the internal glass sheet 12 and possibly in the interlayer 13, the external glass sheet 11 being transparent to the near infrared and consisting for example of an extra-clear glass, another insert 16 made of material transparent to near infrared radiation in a . wavelength range between 0.7 pm and 5 pm, preferably being arranged in the blind hole 15 by being glued to the face F2 of the outer glass sheet 11. Said other insert 16 is in particular mineral, notably made of a so-called extra-clear glass. Said other insert 16 is for example glued to the face F2 via an OCA glue 17 or an EVA thermoplastic glue. A masking layer 18 transparent in the near infrared is preferably arranged on the insert 16. Several embodiments of windows transparent to the near infrared for arranging a LIDAR in a windshield are also described in patent application WO2023118710.

[0114] With regard to [Fig. 15], all the solutions for fixing the insert 3 presented in the other preceding figures are applicable to the insert 3 fixed in said other insert 16. And in particular the transparent part of the insert can be thicker than the fixing part and / or than the hole or than the other insert, and / or the transparent part of the insert can have a coating on the outer and / or inner face.

[0115] For all embodiments, the edge of the transparent part is shown smooth, however the edge of the transparent part of the insert is not necessarily smooth. The fixing part and the transparent part may have elements with complementary shapes configured to block movement of the transparent part relative to the fixing part in a direction normal to the surface of the glazing and / or to limit stray (solar) rays.

Claims

Claims

1. Vehicle glazing, in particular a windshield, comprising at least one sheet of glass and a hole (10), passing through, an interface part (4) which is integral with the hole (10) and an insert (3) which is mounted in the interface part (4), the insert comprising a part (31) transparent to infrared light rays at a wavelength in a range from 5 to 20 pm, called the transparent part, characterized in that the insert (3) comprises a peripheral part (32), called the fixing part, which is coupled to the transparent part (31) and has the function of removable mounting with the interface part (4).

2. Glazing according to claim 1, characterized in that the fixing part (32) and the interface piece (4) comprise retaining means (30, 40), in particular inside and / or outside the hole (10).

3. Glazing according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the fixing part (32) and the interface part (4) cooperate by screwing or clipping.

4. Glazing according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fixing part (32) of the insert and the interface part (4) cooperate by screwing, in particular the interface part (4) comprising a thread (40) while the fixing part (32) of the insert comprises a thread (30), in particular the thread (40) and the thread (30) being arranged on parts of the interface part and of the insert, which are inside the hole (10), and / or outside the hole and on the side of a so-called inner face of the glazing.

5. Glazing according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the interface part (4) and the fixing part (32) of the insert (3) cooperate by clipping, in particular the interface part (4) comprising female shapes (40) while the fixing part (32) of the insert (3) comprises male clipping shapes (30), in particular male shapes made of spring steel, capable of cooperating by engagement in the female shapes (40).

6. Glazing according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fixing part (32) of the insert is made of plastic or is metallic, and in that the fixing part (32) is coupled to the transparent part (31) by being glued, preferably with a PU glue, or overmolded.

7. Glazing according to any one of the preceding claims, ca- characterized in that the fixing part (32) of the insert comprises a portion, in particular a projecting portion (34) relative to the hole (10), which is on the side of a main face called the interior of the glazing, in particular the portion (34) having a return opposite a shoulder (42) of the interface part (4) and the glazing being able to comprise retaining means (30, 30') such as clips (30) or screws (30') cooperating with the portion (34) and the interface part (4) in particular outside the hole, or even cooperating at the level of said return of the portion and said shoulder of the interface part.

8. Glazing according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises sealing means (5) which are arranged between the fixing part (32) of the insert (3) and the interface part (4), in particular inside and / or outside the hole, or which are constituted by the materials of the fixing part and of the interface part and by their assembly in a tight, intimate connection.

9. Glazing according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the sealing means (5) arranged between the fixing part (32) of the insert (3) and the interface part (4) are a seal, in particular arranged outside the hole, or are a film or a paste made of a waterproof material and with removable assembly, in particular when the fixing part is fixed by screwing.

10. Glazing according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the interface part (4) has a section different from the section of the hole (10), in particular when the hole (10) forms a notch in the glazing, and the hole (10) comprises a filling element (4') which is arranged between the hole and the interface part, the filling element (4') being in particular metallic or made of plastic material such as one of the following materials: ABS / PC, PA66, PP, PC or PMMA.

11. Glazing according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises wedging means (6) which are capable of adjusting the height of the insert (3) in the hole.

12. Glazing according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the insert (3) is capable of being moved relative to the height of the hole, and in that the insert (3) has either a trapezoidal shape by having a small base which is a base on the side of a so-called external face of the glazing, the small base being smaller than a opposite base on the side of a so-called interior face of the glazing, or the insert (3) is chamfered on the side of a so-called exterior face of the glazing.

13. Glazing according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the transparent part (31) of the insert (3) is furthermore transparent in the visible and / or transparent to near infrared radiation at a wavelength in a range of 0.7 pm to 5 pm, preferably 0.7 pm to 2.5 pm, or the glazing outside said insert (3), preferably in the hole and / or in the vicinity of the hole (10), comprises at least one window transparent in the visible and / or one window transparent to near infrared radiation (14') at a wavelength in a range between 0.7 pm and 5 pm, said window transparent in the visible and / or said window transparent to said near infrared radiation preferably being within a recess in a masking layer (14) in particular a peripheral layer present in the glazing,in particular within a space which is all or part around said hole (10) and / or said transparent window (14') preferably to said near infrared radiation being in a zone of the chosen laminated glazing, with a blind hole (15) in a so-called internal glass sheet (12) of the laminated glazing preferably in the vicinity of said hole and even surrounding said hole and preferably another insert (16) made of material transparent to said near infrared radiation being arranged in the blind hole (15) while being glued to the so-called F2 face of the so-called external glass sheet.,

14. Assembly comprising a glazing (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 13 and equipment comprising at least one infrared camera (20) receiving infrared radiation of wavelength in a range from 5 to 20 pm passing through the transparent part (31) of the insert (3).

15. Assembly according to the preceding claim, characterized in that it comprises equipment comprising at least said infrared camera (20) receiving infrared radiation of wavelength in a range from 5 to 20 pm passing through the transparent part (31) of the insert (3), and a camera in the visible range whose radiation in the visible range passes through the glazing outside the insert in a window transparent to said visible radiation or passes through the insert transparent to said visible radiation and / or a LIDAR (21) or a camera receiving near infrared radiation of wavelength in a range from 0.7 pm to 5 pm, and whose said near infrared radiation passes through said insert transparent to said near infrared radiation or passes through a window transparent to said near infrared radiation (14') possibly said window transparent to said near infrared radiation (14') being in an area of the chosen laminated glazing, with a blind hole (15) in a so-called internal glass sheet (12) of the glazing preferably in the vicinity of said hole and even surrounding said hole, and preferably another insert (16) made of material transparent to said near infrared radiation in a wavelength range between 0.7 pm and 5 pm, being arranged in the blind hole (15) while being glued to the so-called F2 face of the so-called external glass sheet.

16. Vehicle comprising glazing according to any one of claims 1 to 13 or the assembly according to claim 14 or 15, the vehicle being in particular road or rail, in particular a car having a driving assistance system, a semi-autonomous or autonomous car.

17. Kit in the form of an insert (3) comprising a part (31) transparent to an infrared ray of wavelength in a range from 5 to 20 pm and a fixing part (32) integral with the transparent part, the insert (3) being used to be removably mounted in a vehicle glazing (1) by means of an interface part (4) already mounted in the glazing or forming part of the kit, the insert (3) and the interface part (4) being characterized by the insert and the interface part of the glazing according to any one of claims 1 to 13.

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