Vehicle glazing system incorporating a prism

Abstract

The invention relates to a glazing system comprising a vehicle glazing having a transmission window, the glazing (100) being capable of receiving a transmission beam (70) from a lidar (7), the transmission beam (70) having a median pointing direction (30) and extending over a determined internal vertical angular aperture (FOV1) and the glazing system comprising a so-called reflective prism arranged and configured to transmit the transmission beam by refraction from the entry face (25) towards the base (26), then by reflection on the base (26) towards the exit face (28). Figure for abstract: Figure 1

Description

Title of the invention: Vehicle glazing system comprising a prism

[0001] The present invention generally relates to vehicle glazing associated with a lidar placed in the passenger compartment.

[0002] Laser remote sensing (LIDAR or lidar), an acronym for the English expression "light detection and ranging" or "laser detection and ranging" (or in French "detection and estimation of distance by light" or "by laser") is envisaged for road vehicles, particularly autonomous ones, to improve safety.

[0003] Recently, it has been proposed to place a lidar detection system behind the windshield of a road vehicle, in order to protect the lidar from external conditions. However, this arrangement of the lidar behind a windshield, in particular a sloped windshield, poses several difficulties. The lidar is generally installed in the upper part of the passenger compartment (upper area of the windshield) so that the beams emitted and received by the lidar pass through the glazing in an area close to the upper longitudinal edge of the glazing. On the one hand, the lidar has a significant bulk and must be placed so as not to obstruct the driver's vision. On the other hand, the lidar generates a near-infrared emission beam in a field of view having a vertical and horizontal angular aperture.Projecting the emission beam onto the glazing requires reserving an area of the glazing for the transmission of this near-infrared emission beam (called a near-infrared transmission window). This reserved area is preferably as small as possible, particularly in the vertical direction, so as not to obstruct vision through the glazing.

[0004] In practice, the manufacturer of the LIDAR provides that the beam emitted by the lidar has a given vertical field of view around a median pointing direction.

[0005] Document WO2023 / 274854 discloses a glazing comprising a lidar oriented towards the inner face of the inclined glazing of a road vehicle and a prism placed on the inner face of the glazing, to increase the vertical opening of the field of view of the lidar outside the vehicle. However, this system does not make it possible to easily orient the pointing direction of the lidar, which is limited downwards by the prism. In addition, this system does not make it possible to reduce the size of the lidar inside the passenger compartment.

[0006] An aim of the invention is to propose a glazing system making it possible both to increase the vertical angular opening of the field of view of the lidar outside the vehicle and to reduce the size of the lidar inside the vehicle or to limit the size of the vertical window for projecting the lidar emission beam onto the glazing.

[0007] In order to remedy the aforementioned drawback of the state of the art, the present invention proposes a glazing system comprising vehicle glazing, in particular road glazing, the glazing, in particular windshield, in particular curved, comprising: a first sheet of glass (in particular clear) intended to form the exterior glazing with a first external main face (called face F1) and a second main face (called face F2) facing the passenger compartment, and, when the glazing is laminated (preferred embodiment), comprising a second sheet of glass intended to form the interior glazing with a third main face oriented (called face F3) towards the second main face and a fourth main face (called face F4) facing the passenger compartment, and a lamination interlayer made of polymer material (in particular polyvinyl butyral PVB or ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer EVA or thermoplastic polyurethane TPU) arranged between the second internal main face and the third main face,the glazing being intended to form a positive inclination angle 0 and less than 90 degrees and even at most 60 or 50 degrees with a horizontal axis (X) in the vehicle, the inclination angle going from the glazing to the horizontal axis, in particular the glazing having an upper longitudinal edge and a lower longitudinal edge, ,

[0008] The glazing has a near-infrared transmission window (preferably peripheral) at a working wavelength LB1 in a near-infrared range, in particular a range from 800nm to 1800nm, in particular from 850nm to 1600nm, in particular 905±30nm and / or 1550±30nm, the glazing being capable of receiving an emission beam at said working wavelength from a lidar detection system intended to be arranged in the passenger compartment of the vehicle, the emission beam having, in a reference plane which is a lateral section plane of the glazing (comprising said horizontal axis X), a median pointing direction and extending over an internal field of view of internal vertical angular opening FOV1 determined - inside the vehicle (upstream of the glazing), the reference plane comprising a normal to the glazing and a vertical axis (Z) in the vehicle normal to said horizontal axis).

[0009] The glazing system comprises a prism, transparent to the working wavelength, linked to the glazing, the prism having an entry face arranged to receive the emission beam and an exit face.

[0010] More particularly, according to the invention the prism is said to be reflective, having a face called the base, the reflective prism being arranged and configured to transmit the emission beam by refraction from the entry face towards the base, then by reflection on the base towards the exit face, (free exit face or forming a connecting face, therefore with refraction through the exit face and the glazing and / or a support), to form an emission beam external to the glazing, (having a variable pointing direction) with an external field of view of external vertical angular aperture FOV2 greater than or equal to the internal vertical angular aperture FOV1.

[0011] The exit face is possibly linked to an interior surface of the glazing or of a transparent support at the working wavelength, exit face then forming a connecting face, or the reflective prism being connected (at the periphery) to a wall delimiting a hole in the glazing (exit face then free). Preferably, the material of the reflective prism (possibly truncated) has a so-called reference transmission at the working wavelength which is at least 80% or 85% or even 90% for a plate with parallel faces of 4mm.

[0012] According to the invention, the entry face and / or the base are flat with a constant angle or are curved and a (reference) angle is then defined at the point of contact of the median direction of pointing.

[0013] In particular, the input face and the base are (by their shapes, their angles at least at the point of contact of the median direction of pointing, if curved face(s)) of the base is selected so that the external vertical angular opening (FOV2) is greater than or equal to 26° and even 30° or (the internal vertical angular opening (FOV2) is less than or equal to 26° and even 20°) and / or the difference FOV2-FOV1 is at least 5° or 10°.

[0014] Advantageously, the entry face and the base are (by their shapes, their angles at least at the point of contact of the median direction of pointing, if curved face(s)) such that the exit angle i of the median direction of pointing of the beam relative to the horizontal axis at the exit of the glazing is 0°±5° or even 0+2°.

[0015] Advantageously, the entry face and the base are (by their shapes, their angles at least at the point of contact of the median direction of pointing, if curved face(s)) such that the angle of attack i' of the median direction of pointing of the beam relative to the horizontal axis at the exit of the glazing is negative and in particular at most -0 and even at least -0 +10° or -0 +5° or -0 +2°.

[0016] In the present text concerning a refractive index (at the working wavelength) a numerical index or a normal number (ni or ni etc) is used indifferently, for degrees deg. or the symbol ° is used indifferently, the term film or sheet is used indifferently which designates a self-supporting element (an interlayer sheet becomes an adhesive layer after lamination). The term layer includes a sheet or a coating.

[0017] The reflective prism has an entry face, flat or curved, preferably concave (center of curvature in the air), a base that is flat or curved, concave or convex (center of curvature in the prism). The entry face preferably forms a first (and only) edge with the base or is truncated and comprises another first edge upstream of the first edge. The height in the reference plane between the first edge and the normal to the exit face is preferably greater than or equal to 5 mm, and even 1 cm, and even at most 20 cm or 15 cm or 10 cm. And / or the height in the reference plane of the entry face (between the first edge and the second edge) is preferably greater than or equal to 5mm, and even 1cm, and even at most 20cm or 15cm or 10cm.

[0018] The exit face may be flat or curved, depending on the curvature of the glazing (curved, domed) or of a support (on the face F4, or on the face F2 in a partial hole of the laminated glazing or in a through hole of the laminated glazing). The exit face is optionally bonded to the main internal face of the first glass sheet (if single glazing) or of the second glass sheet if laminated glazing. The exit face (forming a bonding face) may be glued (to the face F4, face F2, internal face of a support) with an adhesive layer (additional glue, -film or coating- or interlayer) with a refractive index different by at most 0.1 (in absolute value) from that of the reflective prism.

[0019] The output face can be of any shape, in particular geometric, preferably rectangular or trapezoidal.

[0020] Simply put, the reflective prism is a prism of triangular section which may be truncated (essentially triangular section with one, two or three bevels or chamfers, in the reference plane) in a non-functional part of the entry face (in particular the adjacent part of the exit face or even the base) and / or the base (adjacent part of the exit face). A first and only edge between the entry face and the base is preferred rather than truncating the entry face (chamfering the first edge, by an angle chosen to order).

[0021] The reflective prism is preferably peripheral, near the upper longitudinal edge of the glazing, in particular the windshield, in particular in the central zone and even the enlarged zone of an opaque masking layer.

[0022] The entry face is preferably oriented towards the upper longitudinal edge of the glazing and the base oriented towards the lower longitudinal edge of the glazing (and the lidar towards, or even on, the upper longitudinal edge).

[0023] The reflective prism may comprise a second (and only) edge between the entry face and the exit face, a third (and only) edge between the entry face and the exit face.

[0024] The entry face may be flat or curved, in particular the reflective prism comprises a first edge between the base and the entry face.

[0025] The entry face, in particular planar, forms in particular an entry angle [3 with the vertical axis Z in the reference plane. The base, in particular planar, forms in particular a base angle with the horizontal axis in the reference plane. In particular

[0026] The lidar detection system is spaced from the entry face in particular by at most 15cm or 8cm or 5cm. In particular, the lidar detection system is fixed to the glazing and / or to a bodywork and / or to a support, in particular multifunctional, or to a box or cover (individual or common to other sensors, to one or other cameras by example).

[0027] The reflective prism can be on a main face of the glazing, in particular laminated, or in a (complete) through-hole of the glazing, in particular forming a notch. The notch can be dedicated, individual (for the lidar) or is a common (larger) notch housing a support, in particular multifunctional (multi-transmission windows, multi-sensors in particular). The support can include means for holding and / or fixing sensors, cameras and even a part such as a rearview mirror.

[0028] The glazing may be monolithic and comprises a sheet of glass or polymer (PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate, or polycarbonate (PC) or mineral). The glazing is preferably laminated.

[0029] The support (transparent or opaque in the visible and / or at the working wavelength LB1), in particular multifunctional, can be fixed (to the face F4 or F2), for example by means of a glazing glue.

[0030] The support is in particular multifunctional and comprises one or more transmission windows in the visible, in the far infrared from 5 pm to 20 pm and even 8 pm to 15 pm, transmission window(s) in particular adjacent to the near infrared transmission window (in an upper and even central part of the glazing, of the windshield, in particular in a spare part of the peripheral masking layer framing the glazing) and / or carries one or more functional elements such as sensors (rain detector, etc.). The transmission windows in the infrared (near, far, medium or in the visible) are for example round or rectangular or trapezoidal.

[0031] The (multifunctional) support may be a plastic, particularly opaque, in particular for color continuity with the peripheral masking layer framing the glazing (the color difference is limited). It is opaque in mass, loaded with colorants, in particular black (loaded with carbon, etc.), or the support may be transparent and carry an opaque layer (black) with spacer(s) for transmission window(s).

[0032] The (multifunctional) support is for example polyamide 66 (PA66), or PBT (polybutylene terephthalate), or ABS (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene), or ASA (acrylonitrile styrene acrylate), or ABS / PC (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene / polycarbonate). It is preferably at least 1 mm thick and for example less than or equal to the thickness of the glazing, in particular when it is in the through hole (in particular notch) of the laminated glazing.

[0033] Other non-limiting and advantageous characteristics of the glazing system according to the invention, taken individually or in all technically possible combinations, are as follows.

[0034] Advantageously, the entry face, in particular planar, forms an entry angle [3, with the vertical axis (Z) in the reference plane, in particular the entry angle [3 is less than or equal to ^-0 preferably at least -60 degrees or -45 degrees and at most 45 degrees or 20 degrees in particular angle ranging from -20 degrees or -15 degrees to 20 degrees or 15 degrees.

[0035] In a simple embodiment to manufacture, the base may be planar and form a base angle α with a horizontal axis in the reference plane, the base angle α being between -10 degrees and +25 degrees, preferably between -5 degrees and +20 degrees, and more preferably between -5 degrees and +15 degrees and in particular the entry face is planar and form an entry angle [3 with the vertical axis (Z) in the reference plane of -20 degrees or -10 degrees or -5 or 0 degrees to 20 or 15 degrees.

[0036] For simple manufacturing, the entry face, in particular planar, has an entry angle [3 with the vertical axis (Z) in the reference plane, the entry angle [3 is from -0 degrees to 60-0 degrees, the base, in particular planar, has a base angle a relative to the horizontal axis in the reference plane which is from 30-0 degrees to 90-0 degrees.

[0037] For example in the case of glass, the base may be planar and form a base angle α with a horizontal axis in the reference plane, the base angle α being between -10 degrees and +10 degrees, preferably between -5 degrees or 0 degrees and +10 degrees, and the entry face is planar and form an entry angle [3 with the vertical axis (Z) in the reference plane of -20 degrees to 20 or 15 or 10 degrees.

[0038] The input face (in particular flat) may include an anti-reflection coating at the working wavelength.

[0039] In particular, the input face has a non-planar (curved) surface, preferably concave, in particular spherical, cylindrical, aspherical or free-form having no translational or rotational symmetry around axes normal to the mean plane of said surface, preferably an input face such that all or part of the beam, including the median direction of the pointing, is refracted without deviation from the input face to the base.

[0040] The inlet face is preferably curved, concave, in particular spherical, cylindrical, aspherical or free-form, and the base angle α with a horizontal axis in the reference plane is between -10 degrees and 30 degrees and preferably between -10 degrees and 15 degrees.

[0041] The base of the reflective prism is for example flat.

[0042] Particularly advantageously, the base, in particular the planar base, forms a base angle α with a horizontal axis in the reference plane, the base angle α being between -10 degrees and +25 degrees, preferably between -5 degrees and +20 degrees, and more preferably between -5 degrees and +15 degrees, in particular which the entry face forms an entry angle [3 with the vertical axis in the reference plane of -20 degrees to 15 degrees.

[0043] According to one configuration, the base of the reflective prism comprises a non-planar surface, in particular spherical, cylindrical, aspherical or free-form having no translational or rotational symmetry around axes normal to the mean plane of said surface.

[0044] Advantageously, the base of the reflective prism is a free face (not bonded, not glued to a surface of an element) and even bare (without coating), in particular the reflection on the base being a total internal reflection.

[0045] The reflective prism has, for example, an optical refractive index of 1.20 to 1.8, preferably at least 1.4 and at most 1.65, in particular 1.5+0.1. In particular, it is a glass or a plastic (PC, PMMA).

[0046] Naturally, the reflective prism is transparent at the working wavelength LB1.

[0047] According to yet another particular aspect, the exit face is bonded to the interior surface by an adhesive, in particular with a refractive index close to that of the reflective prism, or bonded to a wall delimiting a hole in the glazing.

[0048] According to a particular embodiment, the glazing is the laminated glazing comprising the first sheet of glass intended to form the exterior glazing with the first external main face (called face F1) and a second internal main face (called face F2) facing the passenger compartment, a second sheet of glass intended to form the interior glazing with a third external main face (called face F3) facing the second internal main face and a fourth internal main face (called face F4) facing the passenger compartment, a lamination interlayer made of polymer material arranged between the second internal main face and the third main face, and:

[0049] - (in a first configuration) the output face is linked to the fourth face main internal face by glue or is in adhesive contact with the fourth main face, possibly within a support, in particular multifunctional,

[0050] - or (in a second configuration) the lamination interlayer having a face main external face linked to the second main internal face and an internal main face linked to the third main external face, the laminated glazing has a through hole in the thickness of the second sheet of glass and the exit face is in adhesive contact with the main internal face of the lamination interlayer (full or with a partial hole) -forms the internal surface-,

[0051] - or (in a third configuration) the laminated glazing has a hole passing through the thickness of the second glass sheet and the lamination interlayer, the output face is bonded with the second main internal face of the first glass sheet - forms the internal surface -, in particular by a local glue (in particular forming camouflage), such as a crosslinked or thermoplastic adhesive layer (EVA, PVB with or without plasticizers, TPU) or is in adhesive contact with the fourth main face.

[0052] - or (in a fourth configuration) the laminated glazing has a hole complete through hole in the thickness of the glazing (the sheets and the interlayer), in particular forming a notch, the reflective prism being bonded to a support, in particular multifunctional, in said complete through hole, in particular on the support transparent to the working wavelength (bonded by a glue or in adhesive contact) or in an orifice of the support (bonded by a glue or a joint). Preferably the reflective prism has two chamfers (second and third edge of the exit face knocked down). This facilitates the bonding in the orifice. The exit face can be bare or protected by a protective and / or camouflage coating (transparent to LB1).

[0053] According to another particular and interesting aspect, the glazing system comprises a masking layer (black enamel, still black), peripheral, linked to, preferably on, the second main face, the near infrared transmission window is in an opening (called a spacing) of the masking layer (opening created by a through hole or by the design of the layer). The spacing can be in a zone in particular central to the upper longitudinal edge of the glazing (windshield), opening out or not (towards the center of the glazing, of the windshield). The peripheral masking layer can be a mineral coating such as an enamel, black on the second face or an ink (black) on an interlayer in particular PVB).And / or another masking layer is on a main surface of a support, in particular multifunctional, in particular in a through hole (or even partial) of the laminated glazing, and the support comprises the near infrared transmission window possibly in an opening of the other masking layer and even of the support. The opening can be in a zone in particular central of the upper longitudinal edge of the glazing (windshield), opening out or not (towards the center of the glazing, of the windshield).

[0054] Advantageously, in the near infrared transmission window, the glazing comprises a functional layer which is a camouflage layer, in particular arranged in the opening or sparing a masking layer, in particular an adhesive camouflage layer, bonding the exit face of the reflective prism to the main interior surface of the glazing or to the main face of a support in a through hole of the laminated glazing.

[0055] Preferably, the entry face is at least partially protruding from the interior surface of the preferably laminated glazing (therefore from the face F4, perforated or not) and even from the possible support (multifunction) on the face F4 or the face F2 (if partial hole in the glazing).

[0056] Preferably, in the near infrared transmission window, the glazing comprises a functional layer which is preferably a camouflage layer (or a heating layer), in particular arranged in the opening of a masking layer. (peripheral), downstream of the reflective prism (more towards the outside). In particular, the camouflage layer is adhesive (for example made of crosslinked material), bonding the output face to one of the main faces of the glazing or of a support, in particular a multifunctional one, in a through hole of the laminated glazing or even of a part in a through hole of the second sheet of the laminated glazing, the part being able to carry or form said reflective prism.

[0057] In the near infrared transmission window, the glazing may include a functional layer, in particular a heating or hydrophobic layer, downstream of the reflective prism.

[0058] Advantageously, the glazing system comprises a lidar infrared detection system, the infrared detection system comprising a light source and a detection device, in which the external vertical angular opening FOV2 is greater than the internal vertical angular opening FOV1 by at least 5 degrees and even by at least 10 degrees, the internal vertical angular opening FOV1 is preferably less than or equal to 30 or 20 degrees.

[0059] In an exemplary embodiment, a median pointing direction of the emission beam exiting the glazing is deflected relative to the median pointing direction of the emission beam entering, and forms an exit angle i relative to the horizontal axis in the reference plane, with i = 0 ± 5 degrees and even 0 + 2 degrees.

[0060] There are different types of lidar depending on the angular aperture, the spatial extent and / or the scanning of the emission beam. The emission beam of the lidar can be emitted along a monodirectional optical axis which is scanned in two dimensions or the emission beam extends along a sheet which is scanned in a transverse direction or the emission beam is flash and illuminates a volume of space without scanning the beam.

[0061] The lidar emission beam can scan a rectangular area.

[0062] It is preferred to orient the median pointing direction of the lidar emission beam exiting the glazing so that it is approximately parallel to the ground, i.e. horizontal.

[0063] The lidar infrared detection system can be placed in a housing, for example made of plastic or metal. This housing can form a cover for the Lidar and more broadly for a set of elements (sensor components, camera(s) in this area and therefore cover areas of camera(s), sensor(s).

[0064] The housing is fixed to the inner main face of the glazing, in particular the fourth face, or to a support, in particular a multifunctional support (or plate) fixed to the glazing, in particular to the fourth main face. Advantageously, the housing is removable. The housing is fixed, for example by clipping, to said support or to the innermost main face of the glazing and / or to an element of the vehicle (the interior trim of the vehicle's passenger compartment and / or to the bodywork), for example the roof of the vehicle. For example (in its upper part), the housing is fixed to the inner face of the glazing (F4 face for laminated glazing) through the bodywork perforated for this purpose.

[0065] The glazing may comprise (in particular by sparing(s) the masking layer), one or more other transmission windows in the near infrared, in the visible (for example to allow the use of a sensor operating in the visible and in this case, no camouflage layer is added in the visible) and / or in the far infrared (for example to allow the use of a thermal camera or another far infrared sensor). Preferably, the transmission window(s) are adjacent (in the central zone and near the upper longitudinal edge of the glazing, in particular the windshield).

[0066] The glazing may optionally include one or more other transmission windows. In decreasing order of size, we can have: the Lidar transmission window, the one for a visible camera, the one for the thermal camera, the one for the rain sensor.

[0067] The transmission window can be multispectral, in particular in the near infrared and in the visible (for example to allow the use of a sensor operating in the visible and in this case, no camouflage layer is added in the visible) and / or in the far infrared at a higher wavelength than the working wavelength of the lidar.

[0068] The following description with reference to the accompanying drawings, given as non-limiting examples, will make it clear what the invention consists of and how it can be implemented. The invention is not limited to the embodiments illustrated in the drawings. Consequently, it should be understood that, when the characteristics mentioned in the claims are followed by reference signs, these signs are included solely for the purpose of improving the intelligibility of the claims and in no way limit the scope of the claims. In addition, various other characteristics of the invention will emerge from the accompanying description given with reference to the drawings which illustrate a non-limiting form of embodiment of the invention and where:

[0069] [Fig-1] schematically represents, in sectional view along a reference plane, a vehicle glazing according to the present disclosure, with a lidar-type infrared detection system; with its near-infrared transmission window; and with a reflective prism according to the invention

[0070] [Fig.l'] schematically represents, in partial front view, a vehicle glazing according to the present disclosure, with its near infrared transmission window; and with a reflective prism according to the invention

[0071] [Fig.2] shows curves illustrating the size of the vertical projection window of the lidar emission beam on the glazing as a function of the angle of attack i' of the incident lidar emission beam having an internal vertical field of view FOV1 of 30 degrees, respectively for a glazing tilt angle of 23 degrees (solid curve) and 30 degrees (dashed curve) relative to the horizontal;

[0072] [Fig.3] shows curves illustrating the size of the vertical window for projecting the lidar emission beam onto the glazing as a function of the internal vertical angular aperture FOV1, respectively for an inclination angle of 23 degrees (dashed curve) and 30 degrees (solid curve) relative to the horizontal;

[0073] [Fig.4] schematically represents, in sectional view along a reference plane, a glazing system according to the invention;

[0074] [Fig.5] shows curves illustrating the angle of attack noted i' of the median pointing direction, relative to the horizontal, of the lidar emission beam incident on the entry face of the reflective prism of [Fig.4] relative to a horizontal axis as a function of the base angle a, for different values of the optical refractive index ni of the reflective prism, the entry angle [3 being equal to 0 degrees and the median pointing direction at the exit of the glazing being horizontal;

[0075] [Fig.6] shows curves illustrating the internal vertical angular aperture FOV1 as a function of the base angle a of the reflective prism of [Fig.4] relative to a horizontal axis for different values of the optical refractive index ni of the reflective prism, the entrance angle [3 being equal to 0 degrees and the median direction of pointing at the exit of the glazing being horizontal;

[0076] [Fig.6a] shows curves illustrating the angle of attack i' as a function of the base angle a of the reflective prism of [Fig.4] for different values of entry angles [3 from -60 to 60 degrees with ni= 1.52; the median direction of pointing at the exit of the glazing being horizontal

[0077] [Fig.6b] shows curves illustrating the internal vertical angular aperture FOV1 as a function of the base angle a of the reflective prism of [Fig.4] with ni= 1.52 for different values of entry angles [3 from -60 to 60 degrees, the median direction of pointing at the exit of the glazing being horizontal

[0078] [Fig.6c] shows curves illustrating the internal vertical angular aperture FOV1 as a function of the base angle a of the reflective prism of [Fig.4] with ni= 1.6 for different values of entry angles [3 from -60 to 60 degrees, the median direction of pointing at the exit of the glazing being horizontal

[0079] [Fig.6d] shows curves illustrating the internal vertical angular aperture FOV1 as a function of the base angle a of the reflective prism of [Fig.4] with ni= 1.2 for different values of entry angles [3 from -60 to 60 degrees, the median direction of pointing at the exit of the glazing being horizontal

[0080] [Fig.6e] shows curves illustrating the internal vertical angular aperture FOV1 as a function of the base angle a of the reflective prism of [Fig.4] for different values of theta tilt angles from 20 to 50 degrees, with ni= 1.52; the median pointing direction at the exit of the glazing being horizontal

[0081] [Fig.6f] shows curves illustrating the angle of attack i' as a function of the angle of base a of the reflective prism of [Fig.4] for different values of theta inclination angles from 20 to 50 degrees, with ni= 1.52; the median direction of pointing at the exit of the glazing being horizontal

[0082] [Fig.7] schematically represents, in sectional view along a reference plane, a glazing system according to an embodiment of the reflective prism;

[0083] [Fig.8] shows curves illustrating the angle of attack i' of the median pointing direction, relative to the horizontal, of the lidar emission beam incident on the entrance face of the reflective prism of [Fig.7] as a function of the base angle a for different values of the optical refractive index ni of the reflective prism, the entrance angle [3 being equal to 0 degrees and the median pointing direction at the exit of the glazing being horizontal;

[0084] [Fig.9] shows curves illustrating the internal vertical angular aperture FOV1 of the lidar emission beam incident on the internal main face of the glazing as a function of the base angle a of the reflective prism of [Fig.7] for different values of the optical refractive index ni of the reflective prism;

[0085] [Fig. 10] schematically represents, in sectional view in the reference plane, a glazing system according to an embodiment of the reflective prism;

[0086] [Fig. 11] schematically represents, in side section view, in the reference plane, a glazing system according to an embodiment of the reflective prism;

[0087] [Fig. 12] schematically represents in side section view a laminated vehicle glazing with a reflective prism on the internal main face and a lidar according to a first embodiment in which the transmitter and the receiver of the lidar are arranged vertically in the passenger compartment;

[0088] [Fig. 13] shows in side section a glazing system which is a variant of that of [Fig. 12], in which the transmitter and the receiver of the lidar are arranged side by side in the passenger compartment;

[0089] [Fig. 14] schematically represents in side section view, in the reference plane, a system comprising a laminated vehicle glazing and a lidar according to a second embodiment in which the inner glass sheet comprises a through hole and in which the reflective prism is preferably inserted partially in the through hole and linked to the internal main face of the lamination interlayer;

[0090] [Fig. 15] shows in side section a glazing which is a variant of that of [Fig. 14], in which the reflective prism is preferably inserted partially in the through hole and linked to a thinned part of the lamination interlayer

[0091] [Fig. 16] shows in side section a glazing which is another variant of that of [Fig. 14], in which the reflective prism is preferably arranged partially in the through hole extended by the complete hole of the lamination interlayer

[0092] [Fig. 16'] shows in side section a glazing which is a variant of that of [Fig. 16], in which the reflective prism is preferably arranged partially in the through hole extended by the complete hole of the lamination interlayer

[0093] [Fig. 17] shows in side section a glazing system which is another variant of [Fig. 14]; in which the reflective prism is preferably arranged partially in the through hole extended by the complete hole of the lamination interlayer and is in direct adhesive contact 91 with the second face 12;

[0094] [Fig. 18] schematically represents in side section view a vehicle glazing according to a third embodiment in which the reflective prism is preferably arranged partially in an orifice of a multifunctional support on an edge of the fourth main face

[0095] [Fig. 19] schematically represents a front view of the glazing of [Fig. 18]

[0096] [Fig.20] schematically represents in side section view a vehicle glazing according to a fourth embodiment in which the reflective prism is preferably arranged partially on an edge of the second main face, in a partial notch of the glazing

[0097] [Fig.21] schematically represents in side section view a vehicle glazing according to a fifth embodiment in which the reflective prism is preferably arranged partially in a through notch on an edge of the glazing

[0098] [Fig.22] shows a front view of the glazing of [Fig.21]

[0099] [Fig.23] schematically represents in side section view a vehicle glazing according to a sixth embodiment in which the reflective prism is arranged in a through notch on an edge of the glazing

[0100] [Fig.24] shows a front view of the glazing of [Fig.23].

[0101] In the various figures, similar elements are identified by the same reference signs. The figures are not to scale.

[0102] In [Fig.l], a vehicle glazing 100 (preferably a road vehicle windshield) is schematically represented in a reference plane, for example a laminated glazing with a first main face 11 called F1, the outermost, and an inner main face 14 called F4, or F2 if single glazing. For clarity of the description, it is assumed that the vehicle is on horizontal ground. The reference plane is the lateral section plane (in other words transverse), thus taken perpendicular to the longitudinal axis (to the upper longitudinal edge 10 and to the lower longitudinal edge 10' of the glazing if straight). An orthonormal reference frame XYZ is represented, in which the Z axis is vertical, the X and Y axes being horizontal, and the X axis being in the reference plane. The reference plane is taken, the reference plane comprising a normal to the laminated glazing and a vertical axis Z in the vehicle.The positive direction of the angles used in the present disclosure has also been represented. Advantageously, the reference plane . passes through the middle of the upper longitudinal edge 10 of the glazing and is a plane of symmetry of the glazing.

[0103] The vehicle on which the glazing 100 is installed or for which it is intended is, for example, a road vehicle (car, truck, public transport: bus, coach) or a railway vehicle (in particular at a maximum speed of at most 90 km / h or at most 70 km / h, in particular metros, trams). The glazing 100 finds applications in particular in a windshield, or even a rear window, or even a side glazing. For the sake of clarity, the figures show a flat glazing 100. However, the glazing may have at least one radius of curvature so as to be curved. The thickness of the glazing 100 is denoted E. The thickness E is generally less than or equal to 1 cm, for example 9 mm, 8 mm, 7 mm, 6 mm, preferably at most 5 mm.

[0104] The glazing 1001 to 1004, 100, 200, 201 to 204, 300, 400, 500, 600 is installed or intended to be installed on a vehicle by forming an angle of inclination, noted here 0 or theta, with a horizontal axis in the reference plane considered. For the clarity of the description, it is assumed that the vehicle is on horizontal ground. The angle of inclination 0 is greater than 0 degrees and less than 90 degrees and even at most 60 degrees, generally between 15° to 20° and 60 degrees, preferably ranging from 20 to 50 degrees, for example 23 deg. or 30 deg. for a motor vehicle windshield. As indicated above, the angle of inclination 0 has a sign which is here positive in the trigonometric direction.

[0105] The glazing 1001 to 1004, 100, 200, 201 to 204, 300, 400, 500, 600, has an upper longitudinal edge 10 and a lower longitudinal edge 10'. The reference plane here is the lateral section plane of the glazing comprising a normal to the glazing and a vertical axis Z in the vehicle. The reference plane preferably passes through the middle M of the upper longitudinal edge 10 and the middle of the lower longitudinal edge 10'.

[0106] A lidar infrared detection system 7 is placed inside the vehicle cabin, spaced from the entrance face of the reflective prism.

[0107] In a known manner, the infrared detection system 7 comprises a light source 71 and a detection device 72. The light source 71 is arranged and configured to generate a near-infrared emission beam 70. The emission beam 70 is emitted at a working wavelength, LB1, comprised in a spectral range from 800nm to 1800nm, in particular from 850nm to 1600nm, in particular 905±30nm and / or 1550±30nm. The detection device 72 is arranged next to the light source 71 and configured to detect reflected radiation in at least a portion of the field of view of the lidar outside the vehicle. Depending on the type of lidar used, the emission beam 70 is emitted in a direction which is scanned in two transverse dimensions or the emission beam 70 extends along a sheet which is scanned in a single direction transverse to the sheet or even the emission beam 70 is of the flash type and does not use scanning. With or without scanning, the emission beam 70 has a given vertical angular aperture and a given horizontal aperture.

[0108] In an example of application, the infrared detection system 7 is placed spaced apart and behind the glazing forming the windshield of a motor vehicle, facing a peripheral zone which is preferably located in the upper and even central part of the windshield (in a variant lower part, in the corners etc.). In this zone, the infrared detection system is oriented with a certain angle of incidence with respect to the surface of the windshield, in particular the internal main face 14 of the laminated or simple glazing. In particular, the light source 71 can be oriented so that its median pointing direction forms a negative angle of attack i' with respect to a direction parallel to the ground, that is to say approaching the glazing 100. In other words, the light source 71 of the LIDAR can be oriented downwards at a negative angle of attack i' with a field of view adapted to fulfill its functions.The detection device 72 is generally oriented parallel to the light source 71.

[0109] In certain particular embodiments, the glazing is a glazing comprising a single sheet of glass (see for example glazing 1001, 102, 103, 1004 figures 4, 7, 10, 11). In this case, the glazing has a first external main face 11 oriented towards the outside of the vehicle and an internal main face 14 oriented towards the passenger compartment of the vehicle.

[0110] In other particular embodiments, the glazing is laminated glazing comprising (see figures 12 to 24):

[0111] - a first sheet of glass 1 intended to form the exterior glazing with a first external main face facing outwards and a second internal main face 12 facing the passenger compartment; for a motor vehicle, the first glass sheet 1 has a thickness preferably of at most 4mm, and even of at most 3mm or 2.5mm, - in particular 2.1mm, 1.9mm, 1.8mm, 1.6mm and 1.4mm - and preferably of at least 0.7mm or 1mm;

[0112] - a lamination interlayer 3 made of polymer material having a main face external 38 oriented towards the second internal main face 12 and an internal main face 39 opposite the external main face 38; the lamination interlayer 3 is single- or multi-layer, possibly neutral, clear, extra-clear or tinted, in particular gray or green, made of polymer material, preferably thermoplastic and better still made of polyvinyl butyral (PVB), preferably for a road vehicle with a thickness of at most 1.8 mm, better still at most 1.2 mm and even at most 0.9 mm (and better still at least 0.3 mm and even at least 0.6 mm), the lamination interlayer 3 is possibly acoustic and / or possibly has a cross-section decreasing in a wedge shape from the top to the bottom of the glazing (in particular a windshield) for a head-up display (HUD for Head Up Display in English); and - a second sheet of glass 2 intended to form the interior glazing with a third main face 13 oriented towards the second internal main face 12 of the first sheet of glass 1 and a fourth main face oriented towards the passenger compartment.

[0113] In the case of laminated glazing, the first external main face of the first glass sheet 1 forms the first external main face 11 of the glazing and the fourth main face of the second glass sheet 2 forms the internal main face 14 of the glazing.

[0114] The first glass sheet 1, in particular based on silica, soda-lime, soda-lime silicic, or aluminosilicate, or borosilicate, has a weight content of total iron oxide (expressed in the form Fe2O3) of at most 0.05% (500 ppm), preferably at most 0.03% (300 ppm) and at most 0.015% (150 ppm) and in particular greater than or equal to 0.005%. The redox of the first glass sheet is preferably greater than or equal to 0.15 and in particular between 0.2 and 0.30, in particular between 0.25 and 0.30. In particular, a 1.95 mm OPTWHITE glass is chosen.

[0115] The second glass sheet 2, in particular based on silica, soda-lime, preferably silicosodo-lime, or even aluminosilicate, or borosilicate, preferably has a weight content of total iron oxide (expressed in the form Fe2O3) of at least 0.4% and preferably at most 1.5%. The second glass sheet 2 is for example based on a glass manufactured by the Applicant called TSAnx (0.5 to 0.6% iron) TSA2+, TSA3+ (0.8 to 0.9% iron), TSA4+ (1% iron), TSA5+, for example green. For example, a TSA3+ glass with a thickness of 1.6 mm is chosen.

[0116] The second glass sheet 2 is optionally tinted. For a road vehicle, the second glass sheet 2 is preferably of a thickness less than that of the first glass sheet 1, even at most 3mm or 2mm - in particular 1.9mm, 1.8mm, 1.6mm and 1.4mm - or even at most 1.3mm, and preferably at least 0.7mm, the sum of the thicknesses of the first glass sheet and the second glass sheet preferably being strictly less than 5 or 4mm, even 3.7mm.

[0117] Advantageously, at least in the near infrared transmission window, the glass sheet(s) are made of glass transparent in the near infrared, as for example described in patent documents WO2018015312 and / or WO2018178278.

[0118] In particular, in the embodiments without a hole in the first or second glass sheet ([Fig.1], [Fig.12], [Fig.13], [Fig.18]) the first glass sheet 1 is made of clear or extra-clear glass and the second sheet is also made of clear or extra-clear glass or plastic.

[0119] The windshield of a road vehicle in particular is flat (glazing of a transport vehicle) or curved (motor vehicle, in particular). In a conventional and well-known manner, the windshield is obtained by hot lamination of the first and second sheets of glass 1, 2 and the lamination interlayer 3. For example, we choose a clear PVB of 0.38mm or 0.76mm.

[0120] [Fig.l]' schematically represents, in partial front view, a vehicle glazing according to the present disclosure, with its near infrared transmission window 111; and with a reflective prism 24 according to the invention. It is a partial view of the upper and central part of a laminated glazing from the side of the inner face of the second glass sheet 2 which is the face F4 14.

[0121] The laminated glazing 1, 2, 3 advantageously comprises a masking layer 5 forming a peripheral frame, with an enlarged central zone 50, arranged between the first glass sheet 1 and the lamination interlayer 3. The masking layer 5 is opaque to visible and near infrared radiation, for example black, such as a layer of enamel or a lacquer. The masking layer 5 is in particular capable of masking the lidar remote from the window. The masking layer 5 comprises a recess of suitable dimensions. The recess (not visible) allows the passage of the lidar emission beam towards the outside and of the reflected beam towards the detection device. The recess of the masking layer has for example a rectangular shape (or trapezoidal etc.) with two large horizontal sides and two small vertical sides.

[0122] The glazing system here comprises a support 80, for example a rectangular opaque or opacified plastic sheet with large horizontal edges 801, 802 and two small vertical edges 803, 804, linked to the main face 14 and for example perforated or with a recess in the near infrared transmission window 111. The reflective prism 24 is for example of triangular section, which may have a rectangular exit face within the orifice or recess 81 of the rectangular support 80 with large horizontal and vertical sides. The location of the edge 27 delimiting the entry face 25 and the base 26 of the prism 24 depends on the angles of the prisms.

[0123] The support 80 possibly includes one or more other transmission windows:

[0124] - in the visible (via an orifice or a recess if necessary), dedicated for one or several other devices, sensors, visible camera

[0125] - and / or a far infrared transmission window (preferably via an orifice with a dedicated insert like a crystal), dedicated for a far infrared sensor, a thermal camera.

[0126] The support can carry rain and humidity sensors

[0127] The visible and / or far infrared transmission windows (and / or the sensors, cameras, etc.) are, for example, arranged (on the periphery of the support 80) around the prism 24. In decreasing order of size, we can have: 1a Lidar transmission window, that for the visible camera, that for the thermal camera, that for the rain sensor.

[0128] In all embodiments the lidar is spaced from the input face. A functional coating may be provided on the input face and / or the output face if free. The coating forms, for example, an anti-reflective layer in the IR or scratch protection. Patent document WO2022 / 200735 describes, for example, such an anti-reflective layer in the IR.

[0129] In all embodiments, optionally, the glazing further comprises in the transmission window 111 a heating functional layer transparent in the IR. Patent document WO2022 / 208025 describes for example a transparent conductive oxide (TCO) layer, transparent in the IR and making it possible to locally heat the glazing. Patent document WO2022 / 219273 describes for example a camouflage layer arranged between the face F2 of a glazing and the front face of a part. Patent document WO2023 / 118710 describes for example an adhesive camouflage layer.

[0130] In all embodiments, the prism 24 may be, for example, made of mineral material (in particular glass or glass-ceramic) transparent at least to the working wavelength LB1 of the lidar. Patent document WO2022 / 175634 describes, for example, a material suitable for such a mineral part. Alternatively, the prism 24 is made of polymer transparent at least to the working wavelength LB1 of the lidar, for example PC or PMMA. Patent document WO2022 / 175635 describes, for example, another example of polymer material. The prism is, for example, obtained by molding or machining.

[0131] In certain embodiments or variants, in particular here of the second and fourth embodiments, to transmit the LIDAR beam, the second glass sheet 2 is perforated (by a through hole 4 of this sheet in particular forming a partial notch of the glazing) and preferably a part (insert) is arranged in the through hole and preferably protruding from the fourth main face, linked to the second internal main face 12 or to the edge of the glazing and forms the reflective prism 24

[0132] As a variant, the reflective prism is bonded (by gluing or direct adhesive contact) to this part (on its main face facing the passenger compartment).

[0133] Alternatively or additionally, in certain embodiments or variants of the second embodiment, the lamination interlayer comprises a partial or through hole in the transmission window 111, interlayer hole at right angles to the through hole 4 of the second glass sheet (see figures 15-16). The reflective prism 24 is here partly within this partial or through hole 4, linked to the second internal main face 12.

[0134] The reflective prism 24 is for example glued by PVB without plasticizer (thin PVB 31 (as in [Fig. 15]), thermoplastic ethylene-vinyl-acetate (EVA), by crosslinked adhesive layer including crosslinked EVA, polyacrylate (PSA film or coating).

[0135] The glazing according to the invention has a near infrared transmission window lidar, particularly between 800 nanometers (nm) and 1550 nm.

[0136] As illustrated in [Fig. 1], the glazing is arranged so as to receive the near-infrared emission beam 70 of the lidar 7 after refraction and reflection in a reflective prism 24. In the reference plane, the emission beam 70 of the lidar has a median pointing direction 30 and extends over an internal field of view having a determined internal vertical angular aperture FOV1. The internal vertical angular aperture FOV1 is for example at most 30 degrees or 25° and better still non-zero. Alternatively, since the emission beam 70 is collimated, the vertical angular aperture FOV1 is zero (FOV1=0 deg.).

[0137] In [Fig.l], the infrared detection system 7 is shown in two distinct positions and orientations. In dotted lines, the lidar detection system 7 is shown with a median pointing direction 30 and the internal vertical angular aperture FOV1. The internal vertical angular aperture FOV1 of the emission beam 70 extends between the straight lines 31 and 32 in the reference plane (plane of [Fig.l]). The internal vertical angular aperture FOV1 is the sum of the angle between the straight line 30 and the straight line 31 and the angle between the straight line 30 and the straight line 32.

[0138] Through a conventional glazing, that is to say without reflective prism 24 of the present disclosure, the lidar (in dashed position) is arranged so as to point upwards, in other words the angle of attack i' is positive. The emission beam 70 is refracted through the glazing of thickness E, assumed to be constant in the reference plane, and emerges through the first external main face 11 with a median pointing direction 35 and its external vertical angular aperture FOV2. For example, as illustrated in [Fig.l], the median pointing direction coincides with the normal to the glazing. The median direction of pointing 35 is then unchanged when passing through the glazing, or simply shifted due to refraction through the glazing 100 of thickness E. The vertical angular opening of the emission beam at the exit of the first external main face 11 extends between the straight lines 33 and 34 in the reference plane.The vertical angular opening of the emission beam exiting the first external main face 11 is then equal to the internal vertical angular opening FOV1 of the emission beam 70 incident on the glazing.

[0139] L denotes the size of the vertical window for projecting the lidar emission beam 70 onto the main internal face 14 of the glazing in the reference plane. The median pointing direction 30 of the lidar 70 in the passenger compartment is inclined by an angle of attack i' relative to a horizontal axis in the reference plane. The size L of the vertical window depends on the internal vertical angular aperture FOVl=2i', the inclination angle 0 (here positive) of the glazing, the entry angle [3 and the distance d between the lidar and the main internal face 14 of the glazing according to the following formula: tcini (sjn(0+p)+cos(04j3)tanj' sin(0+p)-cos(0+p)tani' /

[0140] The distance d is taken along the median direction of point 30.

[0141] The dotted lidar position and configuration have the advantage of present a reduced vertical window size L extent, for example between 3 cm and 10 cm, for the internal vertical angular opening FOV1 of the emission beam 70 of approximately 23 degrees and for a distance d between the lidar and the glazing of approximately 5 cm. The disadvantage of this dotted position and configuration is to increase the size of the lidar inside the passenger compartment, which risks hindering vision through the glazing.

[0142] According to the present disclosure, the glazing comprises a reflective prism 24, for example internal, linked for example to the internal main face 14. In [Fig.l], the lidar 7 is shown in solid lines with a median pointing direction 30 inclined by an angle of attack, noted i', relative to a horizontal axis and with the same internal vertical angular aperture FOV1. The reflective prism 24 is arranged and configured so as to receive the emission beam 70 and so as to angularly deflect the median pointing direction 35 of the emission beam at the exit of the first external main face 11 of the glazing, so that it forms at the exit of the glazing an exit angle equal to 0 degrees with a horizontal axis. In addition, at the exit of the first external main face 11 of the glazing 100, the emission beam 70 has an external field of view with an external vertical angular opening FOV2 greater than or equal to the internal vertical angular opening FOV1.

[0143] [Fig.2] illustrates the variations in the size L of the vertical window for projecting the lidar emission beam onto the main internal face of the glazing as a function of the angle of attack i' of the lidar emission beam incident directly on the glazing (without the reflective prism 24). In these examples, the distance d is 5 cm. The minimum value of the size L is obtained for an angle of attack i' of the beam equal to ji / 2- 0, which corresponds to a minimum value of L equal to 2d.tan(FOVl / 2). When the lidar has a horizontal median pointing direction, the size L of the vertical window is respectively 6.8 cm for an inclination angle 0 of 23 degrees of the glazing (solid curve), and 11.2 cm for an inclination angle 0 of 30 degrees (dashed curve). The L size is at least about 2.7 cm when the lidar is oriented with its median pointing direction normal to the glazing.

[0144] We will see later that the reflective prism 24 makes it possible to maintain the minimum size L of the projection window of the lidar emission beam 70 on the main internal face of the glazing although the median pointing direction 30 of the lidar beam is close to a parallel to the glazing in the reference plane.

[0145] [Fig.3] illustrates the variations in the size L of the vertical projection window of the lidar emission beam on the glazing (without the reflective prism 24) as a function of the internal vertical angular aperture F0V1 of the field of view of the lidar emission beam incident on the glazing, for an inclination angle 0 of 23 degrees of the glazing (solid curve), and for an inclination angle 0 of 30 degrees (dashed curve), at a distance d of 5 cm.

[0146] The reflective prism 24 makes it possible to obtain a vertical angular opening of the external field of view FOV2 of the lidar emission beam exiting the laminated glazing 100 greater than or equal to FOV1 while maintaining a reduced size L of the vertical window for projecting the lidar emission beam onto the glazing.

[0147] [Fig.4] schematically represents an embodiment of a system comprising a glazing and a reflective prism, in the reference plane of the glazing. In this embodiment, the reflective prism 24 comprises a prism.

[0148] The glazing 1001 has a first external main face 11 facing the outside of the vehicle and an internal main face 14 facing the passenger compartment of the vehicle. The glazing 1001 comprises, for example, a single sheet of glass of thickness E and optical refractive index noted nv.

[0149] The reflective prism 24 has an entry face 25, which is here planar, a base 26 and an exit face 28 linked to the internal main face 14 of the glazing 1001. The entry face 25 forms a first edge 27 with the base 26. The entry face 25 forms a second edge 23 with the exit face 28 arranged towards the upper edge 10 of the glazing. The base 26 forms a third edge 29 with the exit face 28 arranged towards the lower edge 1” of the glazing. The entry face 25 is arranged to receive the near infrared emission beam 70. The entry face 25 forms an entry angle [3 with the vertical axis Z in the reference plane. The base 26 forms a base angle a with a horizontal axis in the reference plane. In [Fig.5], the entry angle [3 and the base angle a are positive.

[0150] The reflective prism 24 (or prism) is bonded to the glazing 1001 via its exit face 28 by gluing. For this purpose, an optical glue 6 is used, for example, an OCA glue (acronym for the term “Optically Clear Adhesive” in English) made of a crosslinked polymer preferably with a refractive index different by at most 0.1 (in absolute value) from that of the prism.

[0151] The reflective prism 24 has a first optical refractive index nb nv is the optical refractive index of the glazing 1001. For the sake of clarity, it is considered here that the glazing 1001 consists of a single sheet of glass, for example the first sheet of glass 1, as described above.

[0152] The emission beam 70 of the lidar propagates inside the vehicle along the median pointing direction 30 towards the entry face 25 of the reflective prism 24. The lidar beam 70 is refracted through the entry face 25 of the reflective prism 24 towards the base 26 on which it is reflected in the direction of the exit face 28. Preferably, the angle of the lidar beam on the base 26 of the reflective prism 24 is greater than or equal to the total internal refraction angle of the reflective prism 24. The lidar beam is then refracted through the exit face 28 then transmitted through the glazing 100 to exit through the first external main face 11 of the glazing.

[0153] [Fig.5] also shows the angle of the emission beam 70 on the different surfaces and interfaces. We note i' the angle of attack of the direction of the emission beam 70 incident on the entry face 25 of the reflective prism 24 relative to a horizontal axis in the reference plane. We note i the exit angle of the direction of the emission beam 70 leaving the glazing, here from the first external main face 11, exit angle relative to a horizontal axis in the reference plane.

[0154] The angle of attack i' of the direction of the emission beam 70 incident on the entry face 25 of the reflective prism 24 is linked to the exit angle i of the direction of the emission beam 70 exiting here from the first external main face 11 of the glazing 100 by the following relation:

[0155] i' = arcsin(n|Sin( - j + 6 + 2a- p-arcsin(-^sin(6 + iy ) ) ) ) + P

[0156] For the sake of simplicity, it is considered here that the glazing 100 is a sheet of flat glass. In this case, the relationship between the angles i and i' does not depend on the optical refractive index nv of the glazing but depends on the optical refractive index ni of the reflective prism 24.

[0157] In a first example, the entry face 25 is arranged vertically in the reference plane. In other words, the entry angle [3 is zero. The base angle a is variable. In this configuration, [Fig. 5] shows curves illustrating the variations of the angle of attack i' of the emission beam as a function of the base angle a of the base 26 of the reflective prism 24 of [Fig. 4], for an exit angle i equal to 0 deg. of the direction of the emission beam 70 exiting from the first external main face 11 of the glazing 100, the exit angle i being here identified relative to a horizontal axis in the reference plane and represented by a dashed line in [Fig. 4]. The optical index of refraction of the reflective prism 24 is respectively for the different curves of [Fig.6] equal to 1.20, 1.30, 1.40, 1.52 and 1.60.A glazing system thus configured makes it possible to obtain a negative angle of attack i' in front of the entry face 25, for different values of the base angle a ranging from approximately -10 degrees to +10 degrees, depending on the value of the optical refractive index nb, which advantageously makes it possible to bring the direction of the emission beam 70 closer to the internal surface of the glazing 100. In this way, the lidar source points downwards inside the passenger compartment while pointing in a horizontal direction outside the passenger compartment of the vehicle.

[0158] The reflection of the lidar beam on the base 26 occurs by total internal reflection, this which makes it possible to minimize Fresnel losses on the base 26. A particularly simple example of the first embodiment comprises a reflective prism 24 having a right prism angle between the entrance face 25 and the base 26, the entrance angle [3 being zero and the base angle a being zero.

[0159] [Fig.6] shows curves illustrating the maximum internal vertical angular aperture FOV1 of the emission beam 70 as a function of the base angle a of the base 26 in the reference plane of a system according to the first example, respectively for an optical refractive index ni of the reflective prism 24 of 1.60, 1.52, 1.40, 1.30 and 1.20 and for an external vertical angular aperture FOV2 of 30 degrees (or + / -15 degrees around the horizontal axis) of the beam exiting from the first external main face 11 of the glazing 100, FOV2 being represented in dashes in [Fig.6]. For each of the optical refractive index values, it is observed that the external vertical angular aperture FOV2 of the beam exiting the glazing 1001 is above the internal vertical angular aperture curve FOV1 entering the reflective prism 24.The glazing system with the reflective prism 24 according to the first embodiment thus makes it possible to increase the vertical angular opening of the external field of view while making it possible to orient the near-infrared emission beam 70 of the lidar so that it points downwards inside the vehicle, which makes it possible to improve the compactness of the lidar detection system.

[0160] According to a variant of the first example, the entry angle [3 is variable, which makes it possible to more finely adjust the median pointing direction 35 and / or the external vertical angular aperture FOV2 of the lidar emission beam at the exit of the glazing 1000.

[0161] [Fig.6a] shows curves illustrating the angle of attack i' as a function of the base angle a of the reflective prism of [Fig.4] for different values of entry angles [3 from -60 to 60 degrees with ni= 1.52; the median direction of pointing at the exit of the glazing being horizontal (and the angle of inclination of 30°).

[0162] [Fig.6b] shows curves illustrating the internal vertical angular aperture FOV1 as a function of the base angle a of the reflective prism of [Fig.4] with ni= 1.52 for different values of entry angles [3 from -60 to 60 degrees, the median direction of pointing at the exit of the glazing being horizontal (and the inclination angle of 30°).

[0163] [Fig.6c] shows curves illustrating the internal vertical angular aperture FOV1 as a function of the base angle a of the reflective prism of [Fig.4] with ni= 1.6 for different values of entry angles [3 from -60 to 60 degrees, the median direction of pointing at the exit of the glazing being horizontal (and the inclination angle of 30°).

[0164] [Fig.6d] shows curves illustrating the internal vertical angular aperture FOV1 as a function of the base angle a of the reflective prism of [Fig.4] with ni= 1.2 for different values of entry angles [3 from -60 to 60 degrees, the median direction of pointing at the exit of the glazing being horizontal

[0165] These curves show the influence of ni on the choice of angles a or [3 or vice versa. We can go down to less than 20° for FOV1.

[0166] For reading the curves link from left to right going with [3 increasing. The curves are increasingly thicker with [3 increasing.

[0167] [Fig.6e] shows curves illustrating the internal vertical angular aperture FOV1 as a function of the base angle a of the reflective prism of [Fig.4] for different values of theta tilt angles from 20 to 50 degrees, with ni= 1.52; the median pointing direction at the exit of the glazing being horizontal

[0168] [Fig.6f] shows curves illustrating the angle of attack i' as a function of the base angle a of the reflective prism of [Fig.4] for different values of theta inclination angles from 20 to 50 degrees, with ni= 1.52; the median pointing direction at the exit of the glazing being horizontal.

[0169] The tilt angle has the effect of translating the curves for i' (substantially parallel). For FOV1, the lower the theta angle, the lower the FOVmin.

[0170] [Fig.7] schematically represents an embodiment of a glazing system comprising a glazing 1002 and a reflective prism 24, in the reference plane of the glazing 1002. The same elements are represented by the same reference signs as in [Fig.4].

[0171] In this second example, the input face 25 of the reflective prism 24 is non-planar. For example, the input face 25 of the reflective prism 24 has a non-planar surface, in particular spherical, cylindrical, aspherical or free-form having no translational or rotational symmetry around axes normal to the mean plane of said surface. In the example illustrated in [Fig.7], the input face 25 of the reflective prism 24 is concave. The reflective prism 24 has a non-zero optical power at least in the reference plane. For example, the input face 25 is spherical and the base 26 is planar and inclined at a base angle α relative to a horizontal axis. The spherical input face 25 makes it possible to avoid refraction of the lidar emission beam which is transmitted without deviation through the input face 25 and which makes it possible to minimize Fresnel losses on the input face 25.This configuration makes it possible to further increase the external vertical angular aperture FOV2 of the lidar emission beam at the exit of the glazing 1002. At the same time, this configuration makes it possible to orient the lidar inside the vehicle with a median direction of pointing 30 rather downwards or almost parallel to the internal main face 14 of the glazing 1002.

[0172] In this case, the relationship between the angle of attack i' of the direction of the emission beam 70 incident on the entry face 25 of the reflective prism 24 and the exit angle i of the direction of the emission beam 70 exiting from the first external main face 11 of the glazing 1002 is expressed by the following relationship:

[0173] i = - Ç +04-2a-p-arcsin(-“Sin(9 + i-~ ))

[0174] [Fig.8] shows curves illustrating the angle of attack i' of the median direction of pointing 30, relative to the horizontal, of the incident lidar emission beam on the entrance face 25 of the reflective prism of [Fig.7], the entrance face 25 having a radius of curvature and the lidar source being placed at the center of curvature of the entrance face 25, for an exit angle i equal to 0 degrees of the median direction of the emission beam 70 exiting from the first external main face 11 of the glazing 1002, as a function of the base angle a of the base 26 of the reflective prism relative to a horizontal axis and for different values of the optical index of refraction ni of the reflective prism 24 respectively equal to 1.20, 1.30, 1.40, 1.52 and 1.60. It is also observed here that the median pointing direction 30 of the lidar emission beam incident on the entrance face 25 extends over negative values, for example between -30 degrees and 0 deg., which makes it possible to arrange the median pointing direction 30 of the lidar emission beam parallel to the main internal face of the glazing 1002, forming an angle of inclination 0 equal in absolute value and of opposite sign (in other words 0 equal to -i').

[0175] [Fig.9] shows curves illustrating the internal vertical angular aperture FOV1 of the lidar emission beam incident on the entrance face 25 of the reflective prism of [Fig.7], as a function of the base angle a of the base 26 relative to a horizontal axis for different values of the optical refractive index ni of the reflective prism 24 respectively equal to 1.20, 1.30, 1.40, 1.52 and 1.60 and for an external vertical angular opening FOV2 of 30 degrees (or + / -15 degrees around the horizontal axis) of the beam exiting from the first external main face 11 of the glazing 1002, FOV2 being represented in dashes in [Fig.9]. Here we observe a greater increase in this second example of the external vertical angular opening FOV2 of the external field of view compared to the internal vertical angular opening FOV1 of the internal field of view, which makes it possible to obtain a FOV2 of 30 degrees, with a FOV1 of approximately 17.5 degrees for the index ni of 1.20, respectively with a FOV1 of approximately 15 degrees for the index ni of 1.30, an FOV1 of approximately 13 degrees for the ni index of 1.40, an FOV1 of approximately 11.5 degrees for the ni index of 1.52 and with an FOV1 of approximately 10.5 degrees for the ni index of 1.60 while allowing the near infrared emission beam of the lidar to be oriented so that it points downwards inside the vehicle, which improves the compactness of the lidar detection system.

[0176] [Fig. 10] illustrates a glazing system 1003 according to another embodiment. In this third example, the entry face 25 of the reflective prism 24 is planar and the base 26 is non-planar. For example, the base 26 of the reflective prism 24 has a non-planar surface, in particular spherical, cylindrical, aspherical or free-form having no translational or rotational symmetry around axes normal to the mean plane of said surface. In the example illustrated in [Fig. 10], the base 26 of the reflective prism 24 is convex (center of the radius of curvature in the material of the prism). Alternatively, the base 26 is concave. The reflective prism 24 thus has a non-zero optical power at least in the reference plane. For example, the base 26 is spherical and the entrance face 25 is flat and inclined at an entrance angle [3 relative to a vertical axis Z.

[0177] [Fig. 11] illustrates a glazing system 1004 according to another embodiment. In this fourth example, the entrance face 25 of the reflective prism 24 is non-planar and the base 26 is non-planar. For example, the entrance face 25 of the reflective prism 24 has a non-planar surface, in particular spherical, cylindrical, aspherical or free-form having no translational or rotational symmetry around axes normal to the mean plane of said surface, "free form" in English. The base 26 of the reflective prism 24 also has a non-planar surface, in particular spherical, cylindrical, aspherical or free-form having no translational or rotational symmetry around axes normal to the mean plane of said surface. In the example illustrated in [Fig.l 1], the entrance face 25 and the base 26 of the reflective prism 24 are concave. Alternatively, the entrance face 25 and the base 26 of the reflective prism 24 are concave.According to yet another variant, one of the faces among the entry face 25 and the base 26 is concave and the other is convex. The reflective prism 24 thus has a non-zero optical power at least in the reference plane.

[0178] The third and fourth examples allow an even greater increase in the external vertical angular aperture FOV2 compared to the internal vertical angular aperture FOV1, while allowing the median pointing direction of the lidar emission beam to be arranged parallel or almost parallel to the internal main face of the glazing, which makes it possible to reduce its size. The adjustment of the angles a and [3 (in particular as a function of the chosen optical refractive index ni) as well as the non-planar shape of at least one face among the entry face 25 and the base 26 of the reflective prism 24 also make it possible to adjust the median pointing direction 35 of the lidar emission beam outside the vehicle.

[0179] In Figures 12 to 24, different modes of integration of the reflective prism 24 into a glazing unit, here laminated, are shown. These figures comprise the following common elements. The laminated glazing unit 100, 100', 200, 201 to 204, 300, 400, 500, 600 comprises a first glass sheet 1, a lamination interlayer 3 (possibly with a partial or through hole in the near infrared transmission window) and a second glass sheet 2 (or plastic such as PC or PMMA).

[0180] The LIDAR infrared detection system 7 is placed in a housing 8 forming a cover, for example made of plastic or metal. The housing 8 is fixed by a fixing means in a removable manner, for example by clipping. The housing 8 is fixed for example (entirely) to the fourth main face 14 of the second glass sheet 2 by the fixing means in a removable manner, for example by clipping. As a variant, the housing 8 is fixed to a support 80 preferably multifunctional (multi-sensors, with antenna etc.) fixed (glued) to the fourth main face 14 of the second glass sheet 2. According to another variant, the housing 8 is fixed to the face F4 or to the support 80 and also to an element of the vehicle for example the roof of the vehicle, in particular to the interior trim of the passenger compartment of the vehicle and / or to the bodywork 160 which is glued to the periphery of the glazing (on face 14 or face 12 if partial hole or on the support 80 if through hole of the glazing) via an adhesive 60. A seal 161 (extrudate etc.) with preferably a lip 162 is between the bodywork 160 and the edge 10 of the glazing (or between the bodywork 160 and the support 80 if applicable cf. figures 21 and 23).

[0181] According to various exemplary embodiments, the light source 71 and the detection device 72 are arranged side by side in the reference plane ([Fig. 12] for example), in an oblique plane, in particular normal, to the reference plane ([Fig. 13] for example). The laminated glazing advantageously comprises a masking layer 5 arranged between the first glass sheet 1 and the lamination interlayer 3. The masking layer 5 is bonded to the second internal main face 12 of the first glass sheet 1. The masking layer 5 is also bonded to the main face 38 of the lamination interlayer 3 at least outside the near-infrared transmission window 111. The masking layer 5 is opaque to visible and near-infrared radiation, for example black, such as a layer of enamel on the face 12 or F2 or a lacquer (on the face F2 or on the interlayer 3).The masking layer 5 may have a masking layer spacing, for example a rectangular or trapezoidal shape with two large horizontal sides 501, 502 and two small sides (see front view figures). This spacing is created for example by a through hole in the glazing (figures 21, 22, 23, 24).

[0182] In figures 14, 16', 20 the glazing system comprises a support 80 linked to the rear main face 14 of the laminated glazing, pierced in the near infrared transmission window 111, then comprising an orifice 81 in the extension of the spare part of the masking layer 5. In figures 21 to 24, the support 80 is linked to the face 12 if partial hole of the glazing or is in a through hole of the glazing.

[0183] The support 80 is possibly multifunctional, comprises one or more transmission windows in the visible (via an orifice if necessary) and / or a far infrared transmission window (preferably via an orifice).

[0184] According to an exemplary embodiment (figures 23 and 24), the support 80, itself in the through hole of the glazing, is transparent to the radiation of the lidar, the reflective prism 24 then being placed on the rear face of this support 80, passenger compartment side.

[0185] According to another exemplary embodiment (figures 21, 22), the support 80, itself in the through hole of the glazing, is opaque and absorbent to the radiation of the lidar, the support comprises a through hole 81 in which the reflective prism is partially arranged.

[0186] In Figures 12 and 13, according to a first embodiment and its variant, a laminated glazing 100, 100' comprising a reflective prism 24 or prism, in which the exit face 28 is bonded to the fourth main face 14 of the second glass sheet 2 by an adhesive 6 transparent to the working wavelength forming a possible camouflage layer.

[0187] This embodiment without a hole has the advantage of not weakening the structure of the laminated glazing. The prism 24 is of triangular section like that illustrated in Figures 1 and 4 or is like those of Figures 7, 10, 11. The shape of the exit face 28 is custom-made (in particular follows the shape of the masking layer 5).

[0188] In [Fig. 13], the second face 12 of the glazing 100' comprises a camouflage layer 110 in the space delimited by the edges 501, 502 of the masking layer 5.

[0189] Figures 14-17 schematically represent in side sectional view in a second embodiment with different variants a laminated vehicle glazing with in a through hole 4 of the second glass sheet 2 which is not sufficiently transparent, leaving. The reflective prism 24 is a prism. The prism 24 is of triangular section like that illustrated in Figures 1 and 4 or is like those of Figures 7, 10, 11. The shape of the exit face 28 preferably follows the shape of the through hole.

[0190] The hole 4 is closed, that is to say away from the edge of the glazing. The prism 24 is arranged partly in the hole, sometimes on the main inner face 38 (opposite the outer face 39), projecting from the inner face 14 F4 and better from the possible support 80 (perforated).

[0191] According to the variant illustrated in [Fig.15], the lamination interlayer 3 of the glazing 201, for example conventional PVB with at least 30% plasticizers, is locally thinned at the right of the through hole 4, to form an upper interlayer 31 bonded on an outer face to the first glass sheet 1 and on the inner face opposite the exit face 28. It is also possible to have locally at the right of the through hole 4 a PVB sheet with little or no plasticizer.

[0192] In the example illustrated in [Fig.16], the prism 24 has an output face 28 which is bonded to an adhesive layer for example of PVB (with or without plasticizer) or EVA or OCA 31'. A camouflage film 110 is sandwiched between another adhesive layer (for example identical or similar and even of the same thickness as the layer 31') on the face F2 12 and the adhesive layer 31'.

[0193] In the example illustrated in [Fig.17], the prism 24 has an exit face 28 which is linked with the face F2 12 by a camouflage adhesive layer 110 (adapted PVB, adapted OCA etc.).

[0194] In the example illustrated in [Fig.17], the prism 24 has an exit face 28 which is in adhesive contact (directly) with the F2 face 12.

[0195] It is preferred that the prism 24 be spaced from the walls delimiting the through hole 4. It can be placed before lamination (in particular if the interlayer is kept even thinned) or after lamination (in particular if layer(s) of OCA glue in particular PSA, i.e. pressure-sensitive).

[0196] It is preferred to form a continuity (of black for example) between the masking layer 5 and the camouflage layer 110. The saving may be less than the perimeter of the through hole 4 for example protruding by at most 10 mm or 5 mm into the hole.

[0197] It is possible, alternatively or cumulatively, to have a prism 24 forming a camouflage element.

[0198] As a variant of the examples of figures 14 to 17, an insert is placed (in particular forming a camouflage element), in particular made of glass (extra-clear), filling all or part of the through hole 4 onto which the prism 24 is glued.

[0199] Figures 19, 22 and 24 show a front view of a glazing according to third, fifth, sixth embodiments. The edges 801, 802, 803, 804 of the support 80 and possibly the edges 401, 402, 403, 404 of the through hole 4' of the glazing are observed. In Figures 23 and 24, the prism 24 is mounted on the support 80 inside the vehicle. The prism 24 is of triangular section like that illustrated in Figures 1 and 4 or is like those of Figures 7, 10, 11. The shape of the outlet face 28 preferably follows the shape of the possible orifice 81. In particular, for [Fig.21], the prism 24 has two chamfers 25', 26' for better fixing via an element such as a seal or a glue 61' in the orifice 81 of the support 80 (opaque), for example polyurethane, silicone etc. The fixing can be mechanical.

[0200] The support 80 is multifunctional, with two visible transmission windows 601, 603 for a sensor (rain, humidity), for example a round or rectangular or trapezoidal window, and for a visible camera, for example a round or rectangular or trapezoidal window, and a far infrared transmission window 602 for a thermal camera. The windows 601 to 603 are for example arranged on the periphery around the prism 24 (see figures 19, 24). The windows 601 to 603 are for example arranged peripherally around the lidar window 111 (rectangular or trapezoidal), for example the windows 602 and 603 one below the other (are arranged vertically) and near a lateral edge 814 of the window 111 and for example the window 601 is near a lateral edge 814 of the window 111 or a longitudinal edge as a variant.We can also have another near infrared transmission window for certain sensors (rain, or near infrared camera etc.) or even mid infrared.

[0201] The through hole 4 is for example trapezoidal in shape and has a first large side 401 or so-called upper longitudinal edge closest to the edge of the upper longitudinal edge of the glazing 10, preferably parallel to this edge 10, of length of at most 20cm for example 8cm and spaced at least 5cm or 6cm from the edge 10, a second large side 402 or so-called lower longitudinal edge (the furthest from the edge of the upper longitudinal edge 10, close to the central zone) parallel to the first large side of length of at most 25cm or 20cm and preferably greater than that of the first large side for example 14cm, two small sides 403, 404 or straight or oblique lateral edges. The height (between the large sides 401 and 402) is at least 5cm. The through hole 4 may have rounded corners.

[0202] The through hole 4 is advantageously in a peripheral central region along the upper longitudinal edge 10 of the laminated glazing forming the windshield. The closed or emerging through hole 4 may be in another region of the windshield or even in another glazing of the vehicle, in particular the rear window.

[0203] The edges 501, 502, 503, 504 of the spacing are observed in the masking layer 5 and possibly the edges 401, 402, 403, 404 of the through hole in the case of the second embodiment.

[0204] [Fig.20] shows a glazing according to a fourth embodiment in which the laminated glazing comprises a partial hole 4 forming a partial notch 4' through the second sheet 2 of the glazing 400, possibly also of the lamination interlayer 3. The prism 24 is partially inserted into the notch 4 (exit face 28 bonded by gluing 6 to the face 12 and even forming a camouflage layer) and projects from the face F4 14.

[0205] Figures 21 to 24 show a glazing according to fifth and sixth embodiments in which the laminated glazing comprises a complete through hole 4 and even here a notch 4' through all the sheets of the glazing 500, 600 in particular the two glass sheets 1, 2, the lamination interlayer 3 and the masking layer 5. The prism 24 is partially inserted into the notch 4' and fixed to the multifunctional support 80 inserted into the notch 4'.

[0206] The through hole 4' or notch passes through the first glass sheet 1, the lamination interlayer 3 and the second glass sheet 2 of the laminated glazing. The support 80 is shaped and arranged so as to close the through hole 4'. Preferably, the outer main surface of the support 80 is flush or sub-flush with the outer main surface 11 Fl of the first glass sheet 1 so as to form a continuous outer main surface for the glazing 500, 600 (see [Fig.21], 23).

[0207] The support 80 (too opaque for the lidar) may have an orifice 81 to house (in part) the prism 24 ([Fig.21]). Preferably the output face 28 is flush with the external face of the support.

[0208] The support 80 may be part of the near-infrared transmission window 111 for the lidar ([Fig.23]). In this case, the support 80 comprises, for example, a plastic material or a glass transparent to the working wavelength of the lidar. The support 80 is monolithic or laminated, for example laminated with a plastic sheet. The exit face 28 of the prism 24, for example formed by molding, is fixed for example by an adhesive 6, for example camouflage 110, to the internal face of the support 80.

[0209] According to an advantageous aspect, the support 80 arranged with an external main face ( [Fig.21], 23) may comprise a hydrophobic external coating which prevents the stagnation of raindrops. Such a hydrophobic coating comprises, for example, fluoropolymer which provides self-cleaning, anti-stain and / or moisture-resistant properties.

[0210] The support 80 is fixed to the glazing for example via an element 61 as a seal or an adhesive 61' to the glazing, for example polyurethane, silicone etc. The fixing of the support 80 to the glazing can be mechanical.

[0211] According to a particular aspect applicable to embodiment 500 and especially to embodiment 600, a masking layer 82 (coating) is arranged on the support 80 (possibly transparent), opaque in the visible and in the near infrared, for example black in color. The masking layer 82 protects the glue 60 from UV rays, in particular if necessary. This masking layer 82 can alternatively be on the inner surface.

[0212] According to a particular aspect applicable to all embodiments, a camouflage layer extends over the surface of the masking layer 5 so as to ensure the continuity of the masking layer 5. The camouflage layer is opaque in the visible, for example black in color, and transparent in the near infrared, in particular at the working wavelength. The camouflage layer is in the form of a sticky or non-sticky film or coating.

Claims

Claims

1. A glazing system comprising a vehicle glazing, the glazing (100, 200 to 204, 300, 400, 500, 600, 1001 to 1004) comprising: a first glass sheet (1) intended to form the exterior glazing with a first external main face (11) and a second main face (12) facing the passenger compartment, and, when the glazing is laminated, comprising a second glass sheet (2) intended to form the interior glazing with a third main face (13) facing the second main face (12) and a fourth main face (14) facing the passenger compartment, and a polymer lamination interlayer (3, 31) arranged between the second internal main face (12) and the third main face (13), the glazing being intended to form a positive inclination angle (0) and less than 90 degrees with a horizontal axis in the vehicle, the angle of inclination from the glazing to the horizontal axis,the glazing having a near infrared transmission window (111) at a working wavelength LB1 in a near infrared range, the glazing being capable of receiving an emission beam (70) at said working wavelength from a lidar (7) intended to be arranged in the passenger compartment of the vehicle, the emission beam (70) having in a reference plane which is a lateral section plane of the glazing, a median pointing direction (30) and extending over an internal field of view of determined internal vertical angular aperture (FOV1), the reference plane comprising a normal to the glazing and a vertical axis (Z) in the vehicle, the glazing system comprising a prism, transparent at the working wavelength, linked to the glazing, the prism (24) having an entry face (25) arranged so as to receive the emission beam, and an exit face, characterized in that the prism (24) called a reflective prism, has a face called base (26),the reflective prism (24) being arranged and configured to transmit the emission beam by refraction on the entry face (25) towards the base (26), then by reflection on the base (26) towards the exit face (28), so that the emission beam external to the glazing has an external field of view with an external vertical angular opening (FOV2) greater than or equal to the internal vertical angular opening (FOV1).,

2. Glazing system according to the preceding claim in which the entry face (25) and the base (26) are, in particular by their shapes and their angles, such that the angle of attack i' of the median direction of beam pointing relative to the horizontal axis upstream of the entrance face is negative and in particular at most - 0 and even at least -0+10°.

3. Glazing system according to one of the preceding claims in which the entry face (25) and the base (26) are, in particular by their shapes and their angles, such that the internal vertical angular opening (FOV1) is at most equal to the minimum internal vertical angular opening (FOVlmin) +5° and even +2°.

4. Glazing system according to one of the preceding claims in which the entry face (25) and the base (26) are, in particular by their shapes and their angles, such that the exit angle i of the median direction of pointing of the beam relative to the horizontal axis at the exit of the glazing is 0°±5°.

5. Glazing system according to one of the preceding claims in which the entry face (25) is flat or curved, in particular the reflective prism (24) comprises a first edge between the base (26) and the entry face.

6. Glazing system according to one of the preceding claims in which the entry face (25), in particular planar, forms an entry angle [3 with the vertical axis (Z) in the reference plane, the entry angle [3 is less than or equal to y-0 preferably at least -60 degrees or -45 degrees and at most 45 degrees or 20 degrees in particular from -20 degrees or -15 degrees to 20 degrees.

7. Glazing system according to one of the preceding claims wherein wherein the entry face (25) is planar, forms an entry angle [3 with the vertical axis (Z) in the reference plane, the entry angle [3 is less than or equal to ^-0, of at least -20 degrees or -15 degrees to 20 degrees and even from -5 to 10 degrees, wherein the base (26) is planar and has a base angle a relative to the horizontal axis in the reference plane which ranges from -10 degrees to 25 degrees and preferably from -5 or 0 degrees to 20 degrees.

8. Glazing system according to one of the preceding claims in which the entry face (25) in particular planar, has an entry angle [3 with the vertical axis (Z) in the reference plane, the entry angle [3 is from -0 degrees to 60-0 degrees, in which the base (26) in particular planar and has a base angle a relative to the horizontal axis in the reference plane which is from 30-0 degrees to 90-0 degrees.

9. Glazing system according to one of the preceding claims in which the entry face comprises an anti-reflective coating at the working wavelength.

10. Glazing system according to one of the preceding claims in which the entry face (25) has a non-planar or curved surface, preferably concave, in particular spherical, cylindrical, aspherical or free-form having no translational or rotational symmetry around axes normal to the mean plane of said surface, and preferably an entry face such that all or part of the beam, including the median direction of the pointing, is refracted without deviation from the entry face (25) to the base (26).

11. Glazing system according to the preceding claim in which the entry face (25) is concave, in particular spherical or aspherical or cylindrical or free-form, and in which the base (26) is planar and the base angle α relative to the horizontal axis in the reference plane is between -10 degrees and 30 degrees and preferably between -10 degrees or 0° and 15 degrees.

12. Glazing system according to one of the preceding claims wherein the base (26) comprises a non-planar or curved, convex or concave surface, in particular spherical or cylindrical or aspherical or free-form having no translational or rotational symmetry around axes normal to the mean plane of said surface, in particular the base (26) comprises a convex surface and the entry face (25) is planar or the base (26) comprises a concave surface and the entry face is concave.

13. Glazing system according to one of the preceding claims in which the base (26) is a free and even bare face, in particular the reflection on the base being a total internal reflection.

14. Glazing system according to one of the preceding claims in which the output face (28) is bonded to the inner surface (12, 14) of the glazing, in particular the second main face or the fourth main face of the laminated glazing or to the main face of a support, in particular multifunctional, in a through hole of the glazing (12, 14, 39) transparent to the working wavelength, in particular is bonded by an adhesive (6), by the lamination interlayer, or the reflective prism, in particular truncated; is bonded to a wall delimiting a through hole (4') of the glazing.

15. Glazing system according to one of the preceding claims, in

16.

17.

18. in which the output face is of geometric shape, in particular rectangular or trapezoidal, and / or the reflective prism is in the reference plane of triangular section, possibly truncated. Glazing system according to one of the preceding claims in which the glazing is the laminated glazing comprising the first glass sheet (1) intended to form the exterior glazing with the first external main face (11) and a second internal main face (12) facing the passenger compartment, a second glass sheet (2) intended to form the interior glazing with a third external main face (13) facing the second internal main face (12) and a fourth internal main face (14) facing the passenger compartment, a lamination interlayer (3) made of polymer material arranged between the second internal main face (12) and the third main face (13), and in which the exit face (28) is bonded to the fourth internal main face (14) by a local glue or is in adhesive contact with the fourth main face. Glazing system according to one of claims 1 to 15 wherein the glazing is the laminated glazing comprising the first glass sheet (1) intended to form the exterior glazing with the first external main face (11) and a second internal main face (12) facing the passenger compartment, a second glass sheet (2) intended to form the interior glazing with a third external main face (13) facing the second internal main face (12) and a fourth internal main face (14) facing the passenger compartment, a lamination interlayer (3) made of polymer material arranged between the second internal main face (12) and the third main face (13), the lamination interlayer (3) having an external main face (38) bonded to the second internal main face (12) and an internal main face (39) bonded to the third external main face (13),the laminated glazing comprises a through hole (4) in the thickness of the second glass sheet (2), in particular forming a partial notch, and in which the exit face (28) is in adhesive contact with the internal main face (39) of the lamination interlayer (3)., Glazing system according to one of claims 1 to 15 in which the glazing is the laminated glazing comprising the first sheet of glass (1) intended to form the exterior glazing with the first external main face (11) and a second internal main face (12) facing the passenger compartment, a second sheet of glass (2) intended to form the interior glazing with a third external main face (13) facing the second internal main face (12) and a fourth internal main face (14) facing the passenger compartment, a lamination interlayer (3) made of polymer material arranged between the second internal main face (12) and the third main face (13), the laminated glazing comprises a through hole (4) in the thickness of the second glass sheet (2) and the lamination interlayer (3), in particular forming a partial notch, and in which the exit face (28) is bonded to the second internal main face (12) in particular by an adhesive or is in adhesive contact.

19. Glazing system according to one of claims 1 to 15 wherein the glazing comprises a laminated glazing comprising the first glass sheet (1) intended to form the exterior glazing with the first external main face (11) and a second internal main face (12) facing the passenger compartment, a second glass sheet (2) intended to form the interior glazing with a third external main face (13) facing the second internal main face (12) and a fourth internal main face (14) facing the passenger compartment, a lamination interlayer (3) made of polymer material arranged between the second internal main face (12) and the third main face (13), the lamination interlayer (3) having an external main face (38) bonded to the second internal main face (12) and an internal main face (39) bonded to the third external main face (13),the laminated glazing comprises a complete through hole (4') in the thickness of the glazing, in particular forming a notch, the reflective prism being linked to a support, in particular multifunctional, in said complete through hole, in particular on the support transparent to the working wavelength or in an orifice of the support.,

20. Glazing system according to one of the preceding claims in which the glazing comprises a peripheral masking layer (5) bonded to the second main face (12) and in which the near infrared transmission window is in an opening of the masking layer (5) and / or in which another masking layer (82) is on a main surface of a support (9) in particular multifunctional, in particular in a through hole of the laminated glazing, and the support comprises the near infrared transmission window possibly in an opening of the other masking layer (5) and even of the support.

21. Glazing system according to one of the preceding claims wherein, in the near infrared transmission window, the glazing comprises a functional layer which is a camouflage layer, in particular arranged in the opening of a masking layer, in particular an adhesive camouflage layer, bonding the output face to the inner main surface of the glazing or to the main face of a support (80) in a through hole of the laminated glazing.

22. Glazing system according to one of the preceding claims comprising a lidar infrared detection system, the infrared detection system comprising a light source and a detection device in which the external vertical angular aperture (FOV2) is greater than the internal vertical angular aperture (FOV1) by at least 5 degrees and even by at least 10 degrees, the internal vertical angular aperture (FOV1) is preferably less than 30 or less than or equal to 20 degrees.

Images