Treatment method for increasing the efficiency of a photovoltaic cell

Abstract

The invention relates to a treatment method for increasing the efficiency of a photovoltaic cell (1), comprising steps of: Positioning the photovoltaic cell (1) on a conveyor (3) along which a matrix of light sources is positioned, Acquiring an image (IMG) of the photovoltaic cell (1) on the conveyor (3) using a camera (4), Dividing the acquired image into several zones, called first zones to be illuminated and second zones not to be illuminated, Creating a control sequence for the light sources of the matrix using the image divided into several zones, Said control sequence being defined by several successive instants, At each instant of the control sequence, putting each light source located opposite a first zone of the image into the active state and putting each light source located opposite a second zone of the photovoltaic cell into the inactive state.Figure to be published with the abstract: Figure 2.

Description

Title of the invention: Treatment method for increasing the efficiency of a photovoltaic cell Technical field of the invention

[0001] The present invention relates to a treatment method for increasing the efficiency of a photovoltaic cell. State of the art

[0002] Silicon heterojunction photovoltaic cells (called SHJ) are known to see their energy conversion efficiency improve under the combined action of illumination and temperature. Thus, it is now common to carry out a so-called enhancement treatment (called "light soaking") of the stacks intended to form SHJ photovoltaic cells, in order to increase their conversion efficiency.

[0003] Document WO2013 / 001440 describes an example of a method for treating SHJ-type photovoltaic cells comprising an n-doped crystalline silicon substrate. In this treatment method, the photovoltaic cell is subjected to a luminous flux with an irradiance greater than or equal to 500 W / m2 for a duration of approximately 10 hours, while being heated to a temperature between 20°C and 200°C.

[0004] Patent application FR3099294A1 describes a method for treating a so-called precursor stack of a heterojunction photovoltaic cell. This method is implemented at the end of manufacturing and consists mainly of exposing said stack to intense electromagnetic radiation (greater than 200kW / m2) for a relatively short period (around ten seconds). Thanks to this temporary and intense exposure to radiation, an improvement in the cell and an increase in its operating efficiency have been observed.

[0005] Patent application WO2023 / 247326A1 also describes a particular method for improving the conversion efficiency of a photovoltaic cell.

[0006] These known solutions are however very energy-intensive, in order to obtain both a high lighting intensity and sufficient cooling of the light sources.

[0007] The aim of the invention is to propose a solution for improving the conversion efficiency of a photovoltaic cell, or in other words for improving it, which is less energy-intensive than those known in the state of the art. Statement of the invention

[0008] This aim is achieved by a treatment method for increasing the efficiency of a photovoltaic cell, the method comprising steps of: - Positioning of the photovoltaic cell on a conveyor along which a matrix of light sources is positioned, each light source of the matrix being addressable and controllable individually by taking a first state called active in which it is lit or a second state called inactive in which it is switched off, said matrix of light sources comprising several rows and columns of juxtaposed light sources, - Acquisition of an image of the photovoltaic cell on the conveyor using a camera, - Division of the acquired image into several zones, called first zones to be illuminated and second zones not to be illuminated, - Creation of a sequence for controlling the light sources of the matrix using the image divided into several zones, - Said control sequence being defined by several successive instants, - At each moment of the control sequence, put each light source located opposite a first zone of the image in the active state and put each light source located opposite a second zone of the photovoltaic cell in the inactive state, - Detection of a first instant at which the photovoltaic cell is present opposite a first column of the matrix of light sources and execution of said light source control sequence from said first detected instant.

[0009] According to a particular feature, said successive instants of the control sequence are determined by taking into account the speed of advance of the conveyor.

[0010] According to another feature, each zone of said several zones is defined by at least one pixel.

[0011] According to another particularity, the step of dividing the image into several zones consists of: - Assign a state 0 or 1 when the pixel of the acquired image is white, - Assign state 1 or 0 respectively when the pixel of the acquired image is black.

[0012] According to another feature, each light source of the matrix of light sources is formed of a light-emitting diode and, in the control sequence, the state of each light-emitting diode is determined as a function of the state assigned to each pixel of the image.

[0013] According to another feature, the control sequence consists of controlling each light-emitting diode of the light-emitting diode matrix to emit at a power determined as a function of its position in the light-emitting diode matrix.

[0014] The invention also relates to a treatment system for increasing the efficiency of a photovoltaic cell used to implement the method as defined in one of the preceding claims, the system comprising: - A conveyor along which a matrix of light sources is positioned, each light source of the matrix being individually addressable and controllable by taking a first state called active in which it is lit or a second state called inactive in which it is switched off, said matrix of light sources comprising several rows and columns of juxtaposed light sources, - A camera configured to acquire an image of the photovoltaic cell on the conveyor, - A processing and control unit configured to: • Divide each acquired image into several zones, called first zones to be illuminated and second zones not to be illuminated, • Create a sequence for controlling the matrix light sources using the image divided into several zones, • Said control sequence being defined by several successive instants, • At each moment of the control sequence, put each light source located opposite a first zone of the image in the active state and put each light source located opposite a second zone of the photovoltaic cell in the inactive state, - Means for detecting a first instant at which the photovoltaic cell is present opposite a first column of the matrix of light sources, - Said processing and control unit being configured to execute said light source control sequence from said first detected instant.

[0015] According to a particular feature, said successive instants of the control sequence are determined by taking into account the speed of advance of the conveyor.

[0016] According to another feature, each zone of said several zones is defined by at least one pixel.

[0017] According to another feature, the processing and control unit is configured to divide the image into several zones in: - Assigning a state 0 or 1 when the pixel of the acquired image is white, - Respectively affecting state 1 or 0 when the pixel of the acquired image is black.

[0018] According to another feature, each light source of the matrix of light sources is formed of a light-emitting diode and, in the control sequence, The state of each light-emitting diode is determined based on the state assigned to each pixel in the image.

[0019] According to another feature, the control sequence consists of controlling each light-emitting diode of the matrix of light-emitting diodes to emit at a power determined as a function of its position in the matrix of light-emitting diodes.

[0020] According to another feature, the matrix of light sources is integrated into an illumination tunnel crossed by the conveyor. Brief description of the figures

[0021] Other characteristics and advantages will appear in the detailed description which follows, given with reference to the appended drawings in which: - [Fig.l] represents an example of a stack of layers forming a heterojunction photovoltaic cell; - [Fig.2] schematically represents the architecture of the system used for implementing the method of the invention; - Figures 3A and 3B illustrate the principle of implementation of the method of the invention; - [Fig.4] illustrates the principle of image pixelation used in the method of the invention; - [Fig.5] schematically represents the principle of production of the matrix of light-emitting diodes used in the lighting tunnel; - [Fig.6] represents an example of an algorithm used for the image processing step implemented in the method of the invention; - [Fig.7] illustrates the principle of separating the matrix of light-emitting diodes into several distinct lighting zones in power;

[0022] Detailed description of at least one embodiment

[0023] The method of the invention applies to the treatment of a photovoltaic cell 1, in particular a silicon heterojunction (SJH) photovoltaic cell. This is formed from a stack 10 of layers, along the direction (A). In a non-limiting manner, as described in patent application FR3099294A1 and shown in [Fig.l], the stack 10 may have the following architecture: - A substrate 11 made of crystalline silicon, for example n-doped; - A first passivation layer 14 made of hydrogenated amorphous silicon (and preferably intrinsic) arranged on the first face of the substrate 11; - A first layer of amorphous silicon 12, arranged on the first passivation layer 14 and doped with a first type of conductivity; - A first layer of transparent conductive oxide 15 arranged on the first doped layer of amorphous silicon 12; - A second passivation layer 14 made of hydrogenated amorphous silicon (and preferably intrinsic) arranged on the second face of the substrate 11; - A second layer of amorphous silicon 13, arranged on the second passivation layer 14 and doped with a second type of conductivity opposite to the first type of conductivity; and - A second layer of transparent conductive oxide 15 arranged on the second doped layer of amorphous silicon 13.

[0024] For the implementation of the method of the invention, the system used comprises an emission source 2 of electromagnetic radiation. This emission source 2 is composed of several light sources, each light source being composed of one or more light-emitting diodes (referenced LED). For the remainder of the description and advantageously, it is considered that each light source is composed of a single light-emitting diode.

[0025] As shown in [Fig.2] and [Fig.5], the emission source 2 is more precisely composed of a matrix of light-emitting diodes (LEDs), in which the light-emitting diodes are aligned in several parallel columns and several parallel lines. The lines and columns of light-emitting diodes are advantageously spaced regularly. The matrix is ​​advantageously rectangular in shape.

[0026] In the matrix of light-emitting diodes, each row comprises the same number of light-emitting diodes and each column comprises the same number of light-emitting diodes. The light-emitting diodes of the matrix, for example, all have the same size and are advantageously all identical (for example, square in shape).

[0027] In the context of the invention and as illustrated by [Fig.5], each light-emitting diode of the matrix is ​​identified by a coordinate and by its state, according to the following expression:

[0028] LED(column=x, row=y, state=O / l, P)

[0029] In which: - x therefore represents the number of the column in the matrix of light-emitting diodes; - y represents the row number in the LED matrix; - state=O / l corresponds to the active (1) or inactive (0) state of the light-emitting diode; - P corresponds to the power emitted by the light-emitting diode (for for reasons of simplification, this parameter does not necessarily appear on the attached drawings);

[0030] In a non-limiting manner, each light-emitting diode is positioned so as to emit in a main direction which is normal to the surface S of the photovoltaic cell 1 to be treated.

[0031] In a simplified manner, we define the power P emitted by each light-emitting diode of the matrix.

[0032] It should be noted that the radiation emitted by the light-emitting diode is applied for a determined treatment duration (called exposure duration), which may vary depending on the irradiance and the wavelength of the emitted radiation. As a reminder, irradiance, also called energy illumination or surface density of luminous power, represents the power of the electromagnetic radiation received per unit area, this unit area being oriented perpendicular to the direction of the emitted electromagnetic radiation.

[0033] Electromagnetic radiation can be monochromatic (a single wavelength) or polychromatic (several components of different wavelengths). More precisely, the radiation can be emitted at at least one wavelength between 400nm and 1100nm.

[0034] In a non-limiting manner, depending on the operating cases, the electromagnetic radiation can be emitted at an irradiance of between 1kW / m2 and 100kW / m2 and for a duration of between 5 seconds and 30 minutes.

[0035] For example, the electromagnetic radiation may be emitted at an irradiance greater than or equal to 8kW / m2 and for a duration less than or equal to 4 minutes.

[0036] Electromagnetic radiation may also be emitted at an irradiance greater than or equal to 50kW / m2 and for a duration less than or equal to 15 seconds.

[0037] During the emission of the radiation, the temperature of the cell can advantageously be maintained at a value that is as stable as possible, for example chosen between 100°C and 250°C (to be confirmed). For this, the system can be provided with temperature management means (not described in the present application), such as described in patent application EP4305674A1.

[0038] In the context of the invention, the matrix of light-emitting diodes is integrated into an illumination tunnel 20, inside which the photovoltaic cell 1 to be treated is brought. The system also comprises a conveyor 3 or equivalent, arranged to pass through the illumination tunnel 20 and on which the photovoltaic cell 1 to be treated is positioned. Several photovoltaic cells can thus be transported through the illumination tunnel, to be treated successively, by being set in motion by the conveyor 3.

[0039] For example, the matrix has 200 columns and 50 rows of electroluminescent diodes. Considering that each light-emitting diode is in the form of a 5mm / 5mm square, the matrix is ​​therefore 1 meter long and 25cm wide.

[0040] On the conveyor 3, each photovoltaic cell 1 can be wedged in the two dimensions of the plane of the conveyor by appropriate means. The position of each photovoltaic cell 1 is therefore advantageously known and stable in these two dimensions.

[0041] The principle of the invention consists in ensuring that the photovoltaic cell 1 is illuminated using the matrix of light-emitting diodes, when it passes through the illumination tunnel 20, the illumination being carried out progressively, as the photovoltaic cell 1 advances inside the illumination tunnel.

[0042] In other words, we just turn on the light-emitting diodes which are opposite an area of ​​the photovoltaic cell to be treated. The other light-emitting diodes in the matrix are not active and remain off.

[0043] To implement the method of the invention, the system comprises a camera 4 arranged upstream of the illumination tunnel 20, relative to the direction of movement of the photovoltaic cell 1 on the conveyor 3.

[0044] This camera 4 is configured to capture an IMG image of each photovoltaic cell 1 moved by the conveyor 3 before its entry into the illumination tunnel 20.

[0045] To implement the method, the system also comprises a processing and control unit UC responsible for: - Receive data from a first presence sensor 5 associated with the camera 4; - Check camera 4 when the presence of the photovoltaic cell is detected under camera 4; - Process the IMG images sent by camera 4; - Determine the control sequence of LED light-emitting diodes of the matrix as a function of the image of the processed photovoltaic cell 1; - Receive data from a second presence sensor 6 associated with the lighting tunnel 20; - Control the light-emitting diode matrix according to the determined control sequence when the input of the photovoltaic cell 1 is detected inside the illumination tunnel 20;

[0046] For the implementation of the method of the invention, a photovoltaic cell 1 to be treated is positioned on the conveyor 3 so as to be set in motion by the conveyor 3.

[0047] The principle of the method of the invention is shown diagrammatically in [Fig.3A] and in [Fig.3B] and comprises the following steps: - El: The presence of the photovoltaic cell is detected under the camera; - E2: The camera captures an image of the photovoltaic cell present, this image showing for example the entire surface of the photovoltaic cell on the conveyor belt; - E3: The image captured by the camera is transferred to the processing and control unit; - E4: The processing and control unit processes the image captured by the camera;

[0048] The processing carried out in step E4 is defined by the algorithm shown in [Fig.6].

[0049] According to this algorithm:

[0050] E40: The IMG image is acquired by the camera. An example of the image obtained is re shown in [Fig.4]. In this example, the dark part corresponds to the photovoltaic cell 1 and the light part corresponds to its support, i.e. the conveyor belt 3.

[0051] E41: The IMG image is divided into several columns and lines of pixels (designated P-see below). The number of pixel rows advantageously corresponds to the number of rows of light-emitting diodes in the illumination tunnel matrix. Each column thus comprises, for example, 50 pixels. Each row also comprises, for example, 50 pixels. This gives a 50x50 image around the photovoltaic cell. It should be noted that the choice of the number of pixel rows advantageously corresponds to the number of rows in the light-emitting diode matrix. This ensures that the entire photovoltaic cell 1 will be irradiated in both directions.

[0052] We thus have each pixel defined by:

[0053] P(i,j), with i the column number and j the row number. As illustrated by the [Fig.6], the treatment is then as follows:

[0054] E42: we initialize i and j, with i=l and j=l.

[0055] E43: The processing then consists of analyzing each pixel of the image obtained, in performing a test on each pixel. For example, we come to test whether the pixel is white (=W) or not, by the test P(i,j)=W?

[0056] E44: When the pixel is black or partially black (N branch), it is assigned the value 1.

[0057] E45: When the pixel is white (=W) (Y branch), it is assigned the value 0.

[0058] E46: we carry out a test to see if we have correctly processed all the columns, with i=Cmax ?

[0059] E47: If the test is negative (branch N), we increment i by 1 to move to the column next.

[0060] E48: If the test is positive (Y branch), a test is carried out to find out if all the lines were processed, with j=Lmax?

[0061] E49: If the test is negative (branch N), we return i to 1 and we increment j by 1 for move to the next line.

[0062] E50: If the test is positive (Y branch), the pixelation of the image is finished.

[0063] As an example, we obtain:

[0064] For the first column of the image, the following states:

[0065] P(l,1)=0 / 1 designating the state (0 or 1) for the pixel of column 1 and row 1.

[0066] P(l,2)=0 / 1 designating the state (0 or 1) for the pixel of column 1 and row 2.

[0067] P(l,j)=O / l designating the state (0 or 1) for the pixel of column 1 of row j.

[0068] P(l,Lmax)=0 / l designating the state (0 or 1) for the pixel of column 1 and the last Lmax line of the image matrix.

[0069] For the second column of the image:

[0070] P(2,1)=0 / 1 designating the state (0 or 1) for the pixel of column 2 and row 1.

[0071] P(2,2)=0 / 1 designating the state (0 or 1) for the pixel of column 2 and row 2.

[0072] P(2,j)=0 / 1 designating the state (0 or 1) for the pixel of column 2 of row j.

[0073] P(2,Lmax)=0 / l designating the state (0 or 1) for the pixel of column 2 and the last Lmax line of the image matrix.

[0074] For column i of the image:

[0075] P(i,1)=0 / 1 designating the state (0 or 1) for the pixel of column i and row 1.

[0076] P(i,2)=0 / 1 designating the state (0 or 1) for the pixel of column i and row 2.

[0077] P(i,j)=O / l designating the state (0 or 1) for the pixel of column i of row j.

[0078] P(i,Lmax)=0 / l designating the state (0 or 1) for the pixel of column i and of the last Lmax line of the image matrix.

[0079] For the last column Cmax of the image matrix.

[0080] P(Cmax, 1)=0 / 1 designating the state (0 or 1) for the pixel of the Cmax column and of the line 1.

[0081] P(Cmax,2)=0 / 1 designating the state (0 or 1) for the pixel of the Cmax column and of the line 2.

[0082] P(Cmax,j)=0 / l designating the state (0 or 1) for the pixel of column Cmax of row j-

[0083] P(Cmax,Lmax)=0 / l designating the state (0 or 1) for the pixel of the column Cmax and the last row Lmax of the image matrix.

[0084] E5: Once the IMG image has been processed according to the previous algorithm, the processing and control unit UC determines the control sequence of the light-emitting diodes LED of the matrix.

[0085] The control sequence thus consists of activating (turning on) the light-emitting diodes which are each located opposite a pixel of the processed image which is in state 1 and not activating (keeping off) the light-emitting diodes which are located opposite a pixel which is in state 0. Depending on the state of progress of the photovoltaic cell in the tunnel, each light-emitting diode of the matrix may be located opposite an area not to be illuminated or in front of an area to be illuminated. The areas to be illuminated are therefore identified by the pixels in state 0 and those to be illuminated are identified by the pixels in state 1.

[0086] In other words, this control sequence takes into account the progress of the photovoltaic cell inside the illumination tunnel 20, using the conveyor 3.

[0087] Each light-emitting diode of the matrix takes the ON or OFF state, depending on whether it is brought opposite an area to be illuminated or not to be illuminated.

[0088] The control sequence also takes into account the speed of the conveyor 3 and therefore the speed of movement of the photovoltaic cell 1 inside the illumination tunnel.

[0089] The rate of change of state of the light-emitting diodes is in fact defined by the speed of advancement of the conveyor 3.

[0090] Thanks to the speed of advancement of the conveyor 3, we determine each moment when we come to check the state of the light-emitting diodes.

[0091] Each instant T of the control sequence is thus defined by the time taken by the cell to advance by a column of light-emitting diodes.

[0092] Considering that: - The conveyor advances at a speed V_x, - The distance between two columns of light-emitting diodes consecutive is worth L_x,

[0093] We can conclude that the duration T_x to pass from a column x of light-emitting diodes of the matrix to the column x+1 of light-emitting diodes is: T_x=L_x / V_x.

[0094] The control and processing unit UC thus creates this control sequence by modeling the advance of the pixelated image IMG at the advance speed of the conveyor 3 in the illumination tunnel 20.

[0095] Based on these elements, the processing and control unit UC creates the control sequence for the light-emitting diodes of the matrix by defining the state that each light-emitting diode of the matrix must take, at each instant of the sequence: ATI:

[0096] Only the first column of pixels in the image is opposite a column of light-emitting diodes in the matrix, since the cell has just started to enter the illumination tunnel.

[0097] The first column (i=l) of the image is formed by the pixels P:

[0098] P(l, l)=0

[0099] P(l, 2)=0

[0100] P(l, 3)=1

[0101] P(l, 4)=1

[0102]

[0103] P(l, Lmax)=0

[0104] For each of these pixels, we therefore activate the corresponding light-emitting diode:

[0105] LED(1, 1, OFF)

[0106] LED(1, 2, OFF)

[0107] LED(1, 3, ON)

[0108] LED(1, 4, ON)

[0109]

[0110] LED(1, Lmax, OFF) At T2:

[0111] At this moment, two columns of pixels of the image are inside the illumination tunnel. The first column of pixels (i=1) has moved forward one step and is opposite the second column of light-emitting diodes (x=2).

[0112] For the pixels of the first column (i= 1):

[0113] P(l, l)=0

[0114] P(l,2)=0

[0115] P(l, 3)=1

[0116] P(l, 4)=1

[0117]

[0118] P(l,Lmax)=0

[0119] We come to check the second column (x=2) of light-emitting diodes:

[0120] LED(2, 1, OFF)

[0121] LED(2, 2, OFF)

[0122] LED(2, 3, ON)

[0123] LED(2, 4, ON)

[0124]

[0125] LED(2, y_max, OFF)

[0126] And for the pixels of the second column (i=2), we have:

[0127] P(2,l)=0

[0128] P(2,2)=0

[0129] P(2,3)=1

[0130] P(2,4)=1

[0131]

[0132] P(2, Lmax)=0

[0133] We thus come to control the first column (x=l) of light-emitting diodes:

[0134] LED(1, 1, OFF)

[0135] LED(1, 2, OFF)

[0136] LED(1, 3, ON)

[0137] LED(1, 4, ON)

[0138]

[0139] LED( 1, y_max, OFF) ATn:

[0140] This principle is therefore duplicated up to the instant Tn where the last column of pixels of the image of the photovoltaic cell is inside the illumination tunnel opposite a column of light-emitting diodes. The last column of light-emitting diodes is then designated x_max but it must be considered that the illumination tunnel may comprise a greater number of columns of light-emitting diodes, so that the control sequence starts again for the following column (x=x_max+l).

[0141] For the pixels of the first column (i=l):

[0142] P(l, l)=0

[0143] P(l, 2)=0

[0144] P(l, 3)=1

[0145] P(l, 4)=1

[0146]

[0147] P(l, Lmax)=0

[0148] We come to control the column (x=x_max) of light-emitting diodes:

[0149] LED(x_max, 1,OFF)

[0150] LED(x_max, 2, OFF)

[0151] LED(x_max, 3, ON)

[0152] LED(x_max, 4, ON)

[0153]

[0154] LED(x_max, y_max, OFF)

[0155] For the pixels of the last column (i=Cmax):

[0156] P(Cmax, l)=0

[0157] P(Cmax, 2)=0

[0158] P(Cmax, 3)=1

[0159] P(Cmax, 4)=1

[0160]

[0161] P(Cmax, Lmax)=0

[0162] We come to check the first column (x=l) of light-emitting diodes:

[0163] LED(1, 1, OFF)

[0164] LED(1, 2, OFF)

[0165] LED(1, 3, ON)

[0166] LED(1, 4, ON)

[0167]

[0168] LED(1, y_max, OFF)

[0169] E6: Once the control sequence is completed, the processing and control unit UC stores the sequence.

[0170] E7: The developed control sequence is then executed as soon as the second presence sensor 6 detects the entry of the photovoltaic cell 1 into the illumination tunnel 20.

[0171] It should be noted that it is also possible to vary the power generated by each light-emitting diode. In this case, with reference to [Fig.7], the matrix of light-emitting diodes is divided into several zones, for example three zones Z1, Z2, Z3. Each zone comprises, for example, as many columns of light-emitting diodes as there are columns of pixels in the image of the photovoltaic cell. A first zone Z1 is controlled to illuminate at a first power P_Z1, a second zone to illuminate at a second power P_Z2 (for example greater than P_Z1) up to a last zone (Z3 in [Fig.7]) defined to illuminate at a power P_Zn (greater than PZn-1 - i.e. P_Z3 in [Fig.7]). In [Fig.7], the number of zones and the number of light-emitting diodes are indicated as examples and are not to be considered in a limiting manner.

[0172] Each time the presence of a new photovoltaic cell 1 is detected at the entrance to the illumination tunnel by the presence sensor 6, the sequence for controlling the light-emitting diodes is executed.

[0173] It should be noted that the image acquisition using the camera 4 can be carried out only once for all the conveyed photovoltaic cells, as long as the photovoltaic cells are all identical and always conveyed in an identical manner, wedged on the conveyor 3 in the same position relative to the matrix of light-emitting diodes.

[0174] To increase reliability, however, the image capture can be performed for each photovoltaic cell 1, so that the control sequence is recalculated each time.

[0175] The solution of the invention thus presents numerous advantages, among which: - Controlled energy consumption adapted to the size of the photocell tovoltaic; A simple control solution, using readily available means (camera, conveyor, matrix of light-emitting diodes); A solution adapted to the shape of the photovoltaic cell; A solution that allows you to create a personalized bonus operation, by being able to play in particular on the power emitted by each light-emitting diode;

Claims

Claims

1. Processing method for increasing the efficiency of a photovoltaic cell (1), characterized in that it comprises steps of: - Positioning the photovoltaic cell (1) on a conveyor (3) along which a matrix of light sources is positioned, each light source of the matrix being individually addressable and controllable by taking a first state called active in which it is switched on or a second state called inactive in which it is switched off, said matrix of light sources comprising several rows and columns of juxtaposed light sources, - Acquiring an image (IMG) of the photovoltaic cell (1) on the conveyor (3) using a camera (4), - Dividing the acquired image into several zones, called first zones to be illuminated and second zones not to be illuminated,- Creation of a control sequence for the light sources of the matrix using the image divided into several zones, - Said control sequence being defined by several successive instants, - At each instant of the control sequence, putting each light source located opposite a first zone of the image into the active state and putting each light source located opposite a second zone of the photovoltaic cell into the inactive state, - Detection of a first instant at which the photovoltaic cell is present opposite a first column of the matrix of light sources and execution of said control sequence of the light sources from said first detected instant.,

2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that said successive instants of the control sequence are determined taking into account the speed of advance of the conveyor (3).

3. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that each zone of said several zones is defined by at least one pixel.

4. Method according to claim 3, characterized in that the step of dividing the image into several zones consists of: - Assigning a state 0 or 1 when the pixel of the acquired image (IMG) is white, - Assigning respectively the state 1 or 0 when the pixel of the acquired image is black.

5. Method according to claim 4, characterized in that each light source of the matrix of light sources is formed of a light-emitting diode (LED) and in that, in the control sequence, the state of each light-emitting diode is determined as a function of the state assigned to each pixel of the image.

6. Method according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the control sequence consists of controlling each light-emitting diode of the matrix of light-emitting diodes to emit at a power determined as a function of its position in the matrix of light-emitting diodes.

7. Processing system for increasing the efficiency of a photovoltaic cell (1) used to implement the method as defined in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises: - A conveyor (3) along which is positioned a matrix of light sources, each light source of the matrix being addressable and controllable in an individual manner by taking a first so-called active state in which it is lit or a second so-called inactive state in which it is switched off, said matrix of light sources comprising several rows and columns of juxtaposed light sources, - A camera configured to acquire an image (IMG) of the photovoltaic cell (1) on the conveyor (3), - A processing and control unit (UC) configured to: • Divide each acquired image into several zones, called first zones to be illuminated and second zones not to be illuminated,• Create a control sequence of the light sources of the matrix using the image divided into, several zones, • Said control sequence being defined by several successive instants, • At each instant of the control sequence, put each light source located opposite a first zone of the image in the active state and put each light source located opposite a second zone of the photovoltaic cell in the inactive state, - Means for detecting a first instant at which the photovoltaic cell is present opposite a first column of the matrix of light sources, - Said processing and control unit (UC) being configured to execute said light source control sequence from said first detected instant.

8. System according to claim 7, characterized in that said successive instants of the control sequence are determined taking into account the speed of advance of the conveyor (3).

9. System according to claim 7 or 8 characterized in that each zone of said several zones is defined by at least one pixel.

10. System according to claim 9, characterized in that the processing and control unit (UC) is configured to divide the image into several zones by: - ​​Assigning a state 0 or 1 when the pixel of the acquired image (IMG) is white, - Respectively assigning the state 1 or 0 when the pixel of the acquired image is black.

11. System according to claim 10, characterized in that each light source of the matrix of light sources is formed of a light-emitting diode and in that, in the control sequence, the state of each light-emitting diode is determined as a function of the state assigned to each pixel of the image.

12. System according to one of claims 7 to 11, characterized in that the control sequence consists of controlling each light-emitting diode- nescent of the matrix of light-emitting diodes to emit at a power determined according to its position in the matrix of light-emitting diodes.

13. System according to one of claims 7 to 12, characterized in that the matrix of light sources is integrated into an illumination tunnel (20) crossed by the conveyor (3).

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