METHOD FOR LOADING AT LEAST ONE TOOL INTO A MACHINE

Abstract

The invention relates to a method (100) for loading at least one tool (12) into at least one machine (10) comprising a plurality of tools (12) for carrying out production operations, at least one tool loading module (14) comprising a plurality of compartments (16) configured to receive said tools, an information display device (30), and at least one control / command system (20) connected to the tool loading module and the information display device (30), the control / command system being configured to indicate one or more tools to be loaded into the loading module so that an actual operating time of the machine corresponds to a predicted operating time of the machine. The method (100) according to the invention thus makes it possible to prevent situations where the machine is stopped during the manufacturing, assembly, repair, etc., process of the part. Figure for the abstract: Fig. 3

Description

Title of the invention: METHOD FOR LOADING AT LEAST ONE TOOL INTO A MACHINE Technical field of the invention

[0001] The invention relates to the field of methods for loading at least one tool into a machine, the method comprising a predictive supervision step for monitoring the operations performed on the machine. This concerns all operations occurring during the manufacturing, assembly, repair, etc., of an industrial part. Technical background

[0002] Machines used in industry are operated by means of control systems integrated into the machines themselves, which are sometimes supplemented or assisted by a supervisor, often a specific and dedicated application installed on a computer and connected to the machine(s). They typically include a plurality of tools for performing operations on the workpiece(s), at least one loading module comprising a plurality of tool receiving compartments, a display device, and a control system.

[0003] The control system can collect data on the loading status of the compartments. However, it is not able to deduce the progress of operations or the actions to be taken. It does not provide the machine's operating time, nor, if applicable, the actions to be implemented by the operator for the complete part manufacturing process to take place. Furthermore, the control system only transmits information when the program line referring to that action is read.

[0004] For the teams working on these machines, it is therefore very difficult to organize their interventions in the manufacturing, assembly or repair process of the parts, because they do not have sufficient visibility on the manual and / or automatic operations to be carried out.

[0005] The state of the art therefore does not allow for predictive supervision of industrial operations carried out on a machine, in particular for the manufacture, assembly and repair of parts, enabling the operator to be assisted in the organization of his various interventions. Summary of the invention

[0006] The invention proposes in this respect a method for loading a tool into at least one machine, the loading method comprising the following steps: A) to perform predictive supervision of said at least one machine, the machine comprising a plurality of tools to implement production operations, at least one tool loading module comprising a plurality of compartments configured to receive said tools, an information display device and at least one control / command system connected to the tool loading module and the information display device, the control / command system being configured to implement by computer the following steps:

[0007] a) collect data on the actual loading state of the compartments,

[0008] b) collect data on the progress of tooling sequences at to be performed by the machine,

[0009] c) predict an operating time of the machine from at least one model implemented in said control system and from the data obtained during steps a) and b),

[0010] d) compare the actual loading state of the compartments obtained in step a) to an expected loading state, and if the actual loading state of the compartments differs from the expected loading state, and the actual operating time of the machine is less than the predicted operating time of the machine:

[0011] e) Indicate via the display device one or more tools to be loaded into the loading module so that the actual operating time of the machine corresponds to the operating time predicted in step c),

[0012] B) when the actual loading state of the compartments differs from the expected loading state, load at least one tool into one of the compartments of the loading module according to a result of the comparison step d).

[0013] The loading process according to the invention thus makes it possible to predict, in real time, the machine's operating time as well as the next steps to be performed by the operator. Indeed, since the operator knows the actual loading status of the compartments in real time, they know whether an action needs to be taken. If the actual loading status of the compartments differs from the expected loading status, and therefore the tools necessary to complete the part manufacturing process are not available in the loading module, the operator can then load the tools necessary to finalize the manufacturing process. This avoids one or more machine stoppages and, consequently, an increase in the manufacturing time of the part(s).Furthermore, since the loading process according to the invention allows the operator to know, in real time, the next steps to be taken, the operator can better organize their interventions in the different stations where they have tasks to perform.

[0014] The operator can, for example, view on the control system the times they need to be present at the machine to perform manual operations. They can also see the nature of each operation in order to prepare accordingly and minimize machine downtime. Therefore, continuous presence of the operator at the machine throughout the entire operation is not required.

[0015] According to various features of the invention which may be taken together or separately: - The process includes, after step e) indicating the tools to be loaded, a step f) consisting of displaying the predicted operating time of the machine on the display device, - The display device collects data on the actual loading status of the compartments, the display device being configured to display differently an empty compartment and a compartment occupied by a tool; - The control / command system includes a synchronization module configured to update the data from steps a) and b) of collection and the predicted operating time obtained in step c) according to the expected load state; - The process includes a step of modifying the progress of the tooling sequence to be performed by the machine based on a result from step d) of comparison; - The control / command system includes an editing module for each model implemented in said control / command system; - The loading module includes more than 30 compartments, - The process includes, prior to step B) of loading, a step C) of unloading at least one tool from one of the compartments of the loading module according to the result of step d) of comparison, the loading of step B) then being carried out in the compartment left free following the unloading step, - The part is a part of an aircraft. Brief description of the figures

[0016] Other objects, features and advantages of the invention will become more apparent in the following description, made with reference to the accompanying figures, in which:

[0017] - Fig. 1a illustrates an overview of a production facility comprising a machine equipped with a control / command system and a predictive monitoring application,

[0018] - Fig. 1b schematically illustrates a production installation including a machine equipped with a control / command system,

[0019] - [Fig. 2a] is a schematic view of tools and a loading module tools of a machine equipped with a control / command system, before loading one or more tools,

[0020] - [Fig. 2b] is a schematic view of tools and a loading module tools of a machine equipped with a control / command system, after loading one or more tools,

[0021] - Figure 3 illustrates the different stages of a predictive supervision stage according to an embodiment of the process of the present invention,

[0022] - Figure 4 illustrates the different stages of a process according to one embodiment of the present invention,

[0023] - [Fig.5] illustrates an example of a cycle diagram.

[0024] In the attached figures, the steps of the process according to the invention which are indicated by dotted rectangles are optional. Detailed description

[0025] A method 100 for loading at least one tool 12 into at least one machine 10 is described below, the method 100 comprising a step A) of predictive supervision of said at least one machine 10.

[0026] With reference to Figures 1a and 1b, the production installation 1 comprises, in addition to the machine 10, a control station PCO including a control / command system 20 and an information display device 30. An operator O stands in front of the control station PCO.

[0027] The control system 20 may be a computer equipped with a processor. It allows the loading process 100 to be implemented by computer according to one embodiment of the invention. Preferably, it includes a control screen 28 separate from the information display device 30. That being said, the control system 20 may include a dedicated server.

[0028] The display device can be a computer screen, a television, a smartphone or any similar device with a control screen.

[0029] The control system 20 is connected to the machine 10. In this respect, the production installation 1 may advantageously include a communication network enabling the control system 20 to be connected to the machine 10 directly or indirectly via an industrial network. For example, the The communication network is a local network such as a wired network, a Bluetooth network, a Wi-Fi network, or an Ethernet network. In all cases, the communication network is configured to transmit information between the control system 20 and the machine 10.

[0030] The control system 20 preferably comprises a processor 22 and a memory 24. The memory 24 is configured to receive and store data transmitted by the machine 10 via the communication network. In other words, the memory 24 is configured to collect data from the machine 10. The processor 22 is configured to analyze and / or process the data collected in the memory. In this regard, data processing software can be installed on the processor 22 to automate the processing of this data in real time. The operations performed by the processor 22 will be described in more detail in the description of the steps of the loading process 100.

[0031] The machine 10 comprises a plurality of tools 12 for performing machining operations. The operations correspond to the different steps leading to the production of a part. Each operation therefore corresponds to a step to be performed on the part. These operations form a Computer-Aided Manufacturing (CAM) chain in which each step is associated with an execution program.

[0032] The tools 12 can be of different kinds depending on the use made of the machine 10. For example, in a machine 10 intended to carry out material removal operations in aluminum blocks, the tools 12 can be core drills, countersinks, reamers, jointer blades, saw cutters, etc.

[0033] The machine 10 therefore also includes a tool loading module 14 comprising a plurality of compartments 16 configured to receive said tools 12. The tool loading module 14 can also be called a "store." Indeed, the tool loading module 14 corresponds to the storage location for the tools 12 of the machine 10. It has a capacity, i.e., a number of compartments 16, which varies from one machine 10 to another. In the illustrated embodiment, the tool loading module 14 comprises seventeen compartments; however, in practice, the machine 10 comprises more than thirty compartments, which allows it to perform a large number of tooling sequences.

[0034] In this regard, a tooling sequence or tool sequence is a step in the process where a tool 12 is used. An operation is composed of several tool sequences, one tool being used per sequence.

[0035] In some cases, the number of tools required to complete a tooling sequence, an operation, or the entire manufacturing of the part may exceed the number of compartments 16 in the tool loading module 14. The operator O may therefore need to unload tools from the loading module 14 and load tools 12 into said loading module 14. In this regard, it should be noted that a loading tool module 14 can be shared between different machines 10, in the case of a multi-station production installation.

[0036] With reference to Figures 3 and 4, a loading method 100 according to an embodiment of the invention is illustrated. This loading method 100 comprises a predictive supervision step A) of the machine 10, comprising various steps a) to e) implemented by the control system 20 and described below.

[0037] In step a), the control system, advantageously comprising several data processing algorithms for displaying information based on the captured data 20, is configured to collect data on the actual loading state of the compartments 16. The actual loading state of the compartments 16 indicates the loading state of the compartments 16 of the tool loading module 14. For each compartment 16, the actual loading state indicates whether it is "empty" or "occupied." Depending on the stage of progress of the loading process 100 according to the invention, several compartments 16 may be occupied, or even all of the compartments 16. The actual loading state of the compartments is provided by the tool loading module 14 itself. In this respect, the control system 20 is connected to the tool loading module 14.

[0038] Furthermore, in step b), the control system 20 is also responsible for collecting data on the progress of the tooling sequences to be performed by the machine 10 and the manual actions to be performed by the operator O. The progress of the tooling sequences to be performed by the machine 10 indicates the tooling sequences remaining to be performed. Optionally, it can also indicate the tooling sequences already completed, the tooling sequences in progress, and the duration of the tooling sequences. Depending on the stage of progress of the loading process 100 according to the invention, the progress of the tooling sequences can indicate that one tooling sequence remains to be performed, that several tooling sequences remain to be performed, or that all the tooling sequences have yet to be performed.

[0039] Concurrently, since the display device 30 is connected to the control system 20, the display device 30 can then display the remaining step(s) to be performed, for example in the form of a DIAG cycle diagram or a simogram. The DIAG cycle diagram makes it possible to represent the sequence of the different operations to be performed in the loading process 100 according to the invention so as to show the duration of each operation. For example, an operation is represented by a rectangle whose length is proportional to the duration of the operation, a long-duration operation thus being represented as being of greater length than a shorter-duration operation.

[0040] Figure 5 illustrates an example of a DIAG cycle diagram in which the durations of the operations are standardized and precisely indicated. The time t reached in the loading process 100 is indicated by a labeled black bar visible from the display device 30. The content of each operation is also accessible when the operator O presses the button provided for this purpose.

[0041] The manual actions to be carried out can be of different kinds. They can include all types of manual interventions necessary for the process of making the part in its entirety, for example loading tools, unloading tools, taking measurements, removing chips, visual inspection, etc.

[0042] These manual actions can sometimes be carried out in parallel with the part manufacturing process, i.e. they do not require stopping or pausing the process, such as the loading and unloading of tools, and sometimes require pausing the process such as taking a measurement or removing chips.

[0043] Other data can be collected by the control system 20. For example, in multi-station production, tools 12, initially associated with a given station, can be used in one or more other stations. The control system 20 can therefore also receive information relating to the allocation of tools 12 according to their original station. Other information, such as the number of uses or the general condition of the tools 12, and the time elapsed since the machine(s) 10 were put into operation, can also be collected.

[0044] According to an example of the invention, the control system 20 is configured to predict, during step c), the operating time of the machine 10 based on at least one model M implemented in said control system 20 and the data collected during the collection steps a) and b). Of course, in the case of multi-station production, the operating time of several machines 10 or of each of the machines 10 can advantageously be determined. The model or models M make it possible to know, in real time, depending on the operation in progress: - The order in which the 12 tools should be implemented, - The number of tools to load and unload: 12 - The number of pots available in the tool shop, - The actual duration of the tooling sequence, - The usage time of each tool is 12, - The reference number of tool 12 used, - The manual actions to be performed, - Manual actions already implemented or underway, - The theoretical duration of the actions to come, - The actual duration of each manual action,

[0045] Within the framework of the invention, the model or each model is thus advantageously configured to process the available data, in particular the data collected in steps a) and b), in real time in order to determine the operating time of the machine(s) 10.

[0046] In this regard, the model M can be progressively enriched with new data relating to tool sequences or modified according to the actual sequences to be performed. The control system 20 can also implement several models M which may differ from one another depending on the operations to be carried out. For example, if a machine 10 is used to manufacture several different parts, it may be useful to implement a separate model M for each type of part to be manufactured.

[0047] In this regard, and according to a preferred embodiment, the control / command system 20 includes a module 28 for editing the model(s) M. The editing module 28 allows the model(s) M of the tooling sequences to be progressively enriched and / or modified.

[0048] At any given moment, the predicted operating time of the machine corresponds to the remaining operating time of machine 10 to perform the remaining tooling sequences. In other words, it is the time during which machine 10 should be autonomous, that is, the time required for machine 10 to perform the remaining tooling sequences without human intervention. It is important not to confuse the predicted operating time with the time during which machine 10 is said to be "energized," that is, supplied with electrical energy and capable of performing operations. Machine 10 must be "energized" to perform operations but does not necessarily perform operations while it is "energized." These two times, i.e., the predicted operating time and the "energized" time of the machine, can be equal.

[0049] When several machines 10 are involved, the operating time of a machine at a given moment refers to the remaining operating time for that machine, for each machine 10 involved, to perform the remaining operations. The predicted operating time of one or each machine 10 is therefore updated in real time, based on the data received, in particular the progress of the tooling sequences to be performed by the machine or each machine. The predicted operating time in step c) can be displayed on the display device 30 so that the operator O can know in real time the time required to implement the remaining tooling sequences.

[0050] The operating time predicted in step c) does not necessarily correspond to the actual operating time of the machine 10. Indeed, it may happen that one or more tools 12 need to be loaded. If the available space in the tool magazine does not allow it, some tools to be loaded will have to be interchanged with tools not used by the operation or that have already been used so that all the tool sequences can be completed. As mentioned previously, the actual loading status of the compartments 16 of the machine(s) 10 allows the loading status, i.e., "empty" or "occupied," of a compartment 16 to be known in real time. However, it does not, on its own, allow the determination of whether a loading and / or, where applicable, a replacement of tool(s) 12 is necessary.

[0051] In this regard, the loading method 100 according to the invention compares, during a comparison step d), the actual loading state of the compartments 16 obtained in step a) to an expected loading state of the compartments 16. The expected loading state of the compartments 16 indicates the loading state in which a compartment 16 of the tool loading module 14 must be in order to perform the remaining tooling sequences, these remaining sequences being provided by the progress of the tooling sequences to be performed by the machine 10. The expected loading state indicates the compartment(s) 16 that must be "occupied" in order for the machine 10 to implement the remaining tool sequence(s).

[0052] The control system 20 compares the expected loading state data with the real-time data it receives on the actual loading state of the compartments. If the actual loading state of the compartments 16 differs from the expected loading state, this means that at least one tool 12 is missing or needs replacing. Thus, the actual operating time of the machine 10 is less than the predicted operating time of the machine obtained in step c). Indeed, when a tool 12 is missing or needs replacing, it means that a tooling sequence cannot be implemented, and therefore the part manufacturing process will be interrupted at the very moment when this operation was scheduled to be performed.

[0053] When the actual loading state of the compartments 16 differs from the expected loading state, a tool 12 must therefore be loaded, or if no more slots are available, a tool is optionally unloaded beforehand before that tool 12 can be loaded (Figures 2a and 2b). The control system 20 then indicates, via the display device 30 and during a step e), one or more tools 12 to be loaded into the loading module 14 and, optionally, to be unloaded from the loading module 14, so that the actual operating time of the machine 10 corresponds to the operating time predicted in step c). The control system 20 then displays, optionally, during a step f) display, the operating time of the machine 10 on the display device 30.

[0054] The loading method 100 according to the invention thus prevents situations where the machine 10 is stopped during the manufacturing, assembly, repair, etc. process of the part by indicating to the operator O when one or more tools 12 need to be loaded into the tool loading module 14. The operator O then performs the necessary actions to ensure that all the program sequences can be executed correctly. The loading method 100 according to the invention thus increases the actual operating time, i.e., the actual autonomy, of the machine 10 compared to a case where the operator O would only be informed of a tool 12 loading failure after the interruption of the manufacturing, assembly, repair, etc. process of the part and the subsequent shutdown of the machine. It therefore avoids wasting machine time, thereby maximizing machine availability.

[0055] The loading method 100 according to the invention also allows for the management of manual actions expected by the manufacturing process and indicated in the DIAG diagram and simogram. The control system 20 analyzes the necessary manual actions and translates them into a dated schedule of upcoming manual actions. The display device 30 indicates to the operator O the upcoming manual actions and their nature.

[0056] This can include all types of manual interventions that the process needs to complete the part in its entirety, for example, taking measurements, removing chips, visual inspection, etc.

[0057] It is also possible to provide, after the implementation of step e), for indicating one or more actions to be carried out by the operator on the machine.

[0058] Also, operator O has a defined time per action in the process to produce the part. Thanks to the display device 30, operator O is informed in advance of the actions to be performed in order to prepare for them and limit their interaction time with the machine 10.

[0059] If the operator O exceeds the time planned to perform the manual action, then the actual operating time of the machine 10 will be greater than the predicted operating time.

[0060] The loading method 100 according to the invention allows the actual operating time of the machine 10 to be equal to or less than the predicted operating time to complete the full manufacturing process of the part, and to inform the operator.

[0061] Furthermore, this allows operator O to better manage the organization of his various tasks because he can anticipate the tasks to be performed. As soon as he becomes aware of a anomaly on a machine, in particular of a tool 12 / tools 12 to be loaded, and optionally unloaded, he can organize his tasks so as to intervene before the shutdown of the machine 10 concerned, at any time which precedes the tooling sequence which could not be carried out without changing the tool 12.

[0062] Furthermore, the estimation of operator O's intervention hours is based on the theoretical durations of the operation, which are adjusted according to the actual durations of the operation sequences in order to reflect reality. In this respect, the theoretical durations of the operation are calculated prior to production.

[0063] At each instant of the loading process 100, it is therefore possible to know when one or more tools 12 need to be loaded into one or more compartments 16. Loading may be necessary because the tool 12 is absent or missing from compartment 16. Loading may also be necessary because the tool 12 currently present in the compartment in question is defective or worn from previous use. Preferably, the control system 20 makes it possible to determine the location of the compartment(s) 16 that need to be loaded. In this case, it is advantageous for the actual loading status of the compartments 16 to indicate the number of the compartment(s) 16 that need to be loaded.

[0064] At this stage, it can undoubtedly be specified that the method 100 according to the invention may include, after step d) of comparison and before step e) of indicating the tool(s) to be loaded into the loading module, a step of predicting the date and / or time of future manual interventions to be carried out by the operator on the machine based on the progress of manufacturing. This allows the operator to better organize their various tasks and also allows them to better prepare the machine 10 for future uses.

[0065] Advantageously, the display device 30 collects data on the actual loading status of the compartments 16, the display device 30 being configured to differentiate between an empty compartment 16 and a compartment 16 occupied by a tool 12. In this particular embodiment, since the display device 30 is configured to collect data on the actual loading status of the compartments 16, it allows the display, in addition to the predicted operating time, of the compartments 16 that are empty and the compartments 16 that are occupied. The display device 30 can collect the actual loading status data of the compartments directly from the tool loading module 14 or indirectly from the control system 20.

[0066] The display device 30 can advantageously be configured to associate a symbol of a given color and shape with each of these states of the compartments 16 so that, in real time, the operator O can know the actual loading state of the compartments 16 from a distance and quickly. The dimensions of the symbols can The symbols should be chosen so that the operator can see them from a few meters away, preferably at most 8 to 10 meters. The color of the symbol associated with an "empty state" of a compartment 16 can advantageously be very different from the color of the symbol associated with an "occupied state" of a compartment 16. In other words, it is advantageous for the symbol associated with the "empty state" of a compartment 16 and the symbol associated with the "occupied state" of a compartment to have different shades.

[0067] According to a preferred embodiment, the control system 20 includes a synchronization module 26 configured to update the data from collection steps a) and b) and the predicted operating time obtained in step c) according to the expected load state, preferably provided that the manual actions are performed within the timeframes defined by the process. Thus, the data collected in steps a) and b) are automatically processed by the control system 20, making it possible to know the predicted operating time instantaneously and therefore in real time.Preferably, if operator O performs a manual action in a time exceeding the time set by the process, then this impacts the predicted operating time instantly and therefore in real time, the operating time which is then increased by the difference between the time defined in the process for the execution of the manual action and the time actually performed by operator O. The subsequent display by the display device 30 corresponds to the actual situation of the machine 10.

[0068] In this regard, the loading process 100 preferably includes a step 160 for modifying the progress of the tooling sequences to be performed by the machine 10 based on a result from step d) of comparison and the actual durations of the manual actions already performed. This step is advantageously implemented by means of the synchronization module 26.

[0069] During step B) of process 100, if the actual loading state of the compartments 16 differs from the expected loading state, at least one tool 12 is loaded into one of the compartments 16 of the loading module 14 according to a result from comparison step d). In the embodiment shown in [Fig. 2a], a loading module 14 can be seen with several empty compartments 16 before the tools 12 are loaded, while [Fig. 2b] illustrates the loading module 14 after the tools 12 have been loaded. Optionally, prior to loading step B), at least one tool 12 is unloaded C) from one of the compartments 16 of the loading module 14 according to the result from comparison step d) of the loading process 100 as described above. Therefore, the loading of step B) can be carried out in the compartment (16) left free following the unloading step C).This allows, among other things, for optimal use of compartments 16.

[0070] It is possible to produce a part using at least one tool 12 from the loading module 14. The production of the part may, for example, consist of manufacturing, assembling, or repairing the part. Several successive operations may be necessary to complete the part's production. This production step can be carried out after the last step of the loading process 100.

[0071] The configurations shown in the cited figures are only possible examples, by no means limiting, of the invention which on the contrary encompasses variants of forms and designs within the reach of a person skilled in the art.

Claims

1. Demands Method (100) for loading at least one tool (12) into at least one machine (10), the loading method (100) comprising: A) performing predictive supervision of said at least one machine (10), the machine (10) comprising a plurality of tools (12) for carrying out production operations, at least one tool loading module (14) comprising a plurality of compartments (16) configured to receive said tools (12), an information display device (30) and at least one control / command system (20) connected to the tool loading module (14) and the information display device (30), the control / command system (20) being configured to implement by computer the following steps: a) collect data on the actual loading state of the compartments (16), b) collect data on the progress of a tooling sequence to be performed by the machine (10), c) predict an operating time of the machine (10) from at least one model (M) implemented in said control system (20) and from the data obtained during steps a) and b), the operating time of the machine (10) being the remaining operating time of the machine (10) to implement the remaining tooling sequences to be performed, d) compare the actual loading state of the compartments (16) obtained in step a) to an expected loading state, and if the actual loading state of the compartments (16) differs from the expected loading state, and the actual operating time of the machine is less than the predicted operating time of the machine, e) indicate via the display device (30) one or more tools (12) to be loaded into the loading module (14) so ​​that the actual operating time of the machine corresponds to the operating time predicted in step c), B) when the actual loading state of the compartments (16) differs from the expected loading state, load at least one tool (12) into one of the compartments (16) of the loading module (14) according to a result of the comparison step d).

2. A loading method (100) according to claim 1, wherein the display device (30) collects data on the actual loading state of the compartments (16), the display device (30) being configured to display in a differentiated manner an empty compartment (16) and a compartment (16) occupied by a tool (12).

3. A loading method (100) according to any one of claims 1 or 2, wherein the control system (20) includes a synchronization module (26) configured to update the data from collection steps a) and b) and the predicted run time obtained in step c) according to the expected loading state.

4. A loading method (100) according to claim 3, further comprising a step (160) of modifying the progress state (EA) of a tooling sequence to be performed by the machine (10) from a result of the comparison step d).

5. A loading method (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the control / command system (20) comprises a model editing module (28) implemented in said control / command system (20).

6. A loading method (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the loading module (14) comprises more than 30 compartments (16).

7. A loading method (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising, prior to the loading step B), a step C) of unloading at least one tool (12) from one of the compartments (16) of the loading module (14) according to the result of the comparison step d), the loading of step B) then being carried out in the compartment (16) left free following the unloading step.

8. A loading method (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the part is a part of an aircraft.

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